Heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy machine tool spindle runout performance test device, which comprises a base unit, a driving unit, a heating unit, a loading unit and a detection unit, and is characterized in that the base unit is used for horizontally placing a spindle; the driving unit is detachably and fixedly connected with one end of the main shaft and is used for driving the main shaft to rotate; the heating unit is used for heating the main shaft so that the main shaft can reach the preset temperature. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance test device has the beneficial effects that axial and radial runout performance test of a spindle under dual actual working conditions of load and temperature rise is realized by accurately loading axial and radial loads and arranging a temperature control heating unit, the technical shortages of a traditional spindle static test are effectively made up, and the test efficiency is improved. The method is more suitable for heavy-load and high-temperature actual machining scenes of the heavy machine tool, and provides a test support with higher practical value for improving the machining precision of the heavy machine tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool spindle testing technology, and in particular to a test device for the runout performance of heavy-duty machine tool spindles. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, the machine tool spindle, as a core functional component, is of paramount importance. It plays a crucial role in precisely transmitting the speed and torque output from the motor to the cutting tool, thereby driving the tool to efficiently perform cutting operations and directly influencing the workpiece's machining quality and surface finish. With the booming development of high-end industries such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing, the demand for precision parts has surged, and the requirements for spindle runout accuracy have also risen accordingly, rapidly moving from the traditional micrometer level to the sub-micrometer level, and even towards the pinnacle of nanometer-level precision.

[0003] Currently, research on machine tool spindle runout performance relies primarily on manual operation of dial indicators or simple displacement sensors in terms of measurement technology. These methods can only be tested under static, ideal conditions, severely deviating from actual machining conditions. In real machining scenarios, the machine tool spindle must withstand strong axial loads during the feed phase and radial loads during the cutting phase. Simultaneously, the heat generated by the continuous operation of the machine tool causes thermal expansion of the spindle in the axial direction, which, combined with assembly factors, results in axial runout. While previous studies have included theoretical analyses of these factors, they have significant shortcomings in practical simulation testing, making it difficult to meet the stringent high-precision machining requirements of modern industrial production. In studies on the factors affecting spindle runout accuracy, many scholars have clearly stated that excessive radial runout exacerbates the wear and tear on components such as the spindle and bearings, significantly reducing equipment operating accuracy and negatively impacting product quality. Axial runout mainly stems from assembly factors and thermal expansion caused by spindle operation. However, a mature and effective solution for accurately quantifying these effects under dynamic conditions has yet to be developed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot simulate the actual working conditions and has insufficient test accuracy when conducting runout tests on machine tool spindles.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device, comprising: A base unit on which the spindle is placed horizontally; A drive unit, which is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft, is used to drive the main shaft to rotate; A heating unit is used to heat the spindle so that the spindle reaches a preset temperature; The loading unit includes a first loader and a second loader. The first loader is disposed on the side of the spindle and is used to provide radial load to the spindle. The second loader is disposed at the other end of the spindle and is used to provide axial load to the spindle. The detection unit includes multiple displacement sensors. Each first displacement sensor is disposed on the side of the spindle and is used to detect the radial runout value of the spindle. Each second displacement sensor is disposed at the other end of the spindle and is used to detect the axial runout value of the spindle.

[0006] Furthermore, the base unit includes two base units, which are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, and are respectively used to place the two ends of the main shaft one to one. Each base unit includes a fixed base, two movable bases, two support rollers, and a drive assembly. The two movable bases are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, and are slidably connected to the fixed base. The two support rollers are rotatably mounted on the two movable bases one to one, and the space between the two support rollers is used to place the end of the main shaft. Both support rollers abut against the main shaft. The drive assembly is connected to both movable bases and is used to drive the two movable bases to move closer to each other or further away from each other, so as to adjust the distance between the two movable bases.

[0007] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a drive shaft and a handwheel. The drive shaft is horizontally positioned, and both ends of the drive shaft are rotatably connected to the fixed base. The drive shaft is provided with two threads of opposite directions and equal lengths. The movable base is provided with a first threaded hole. The two movable bases are sleeved on the drive shaft through the corresponding first threaded holes and screwed one-to-one with the two threads. The handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft and is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a flexible coupling and a rotation drive component. One end of the flexible coupling is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft, and the output end of the rotation drive component is fixedly connected to the other end of the flexible coupling for driving the flexible coupling to rotate.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating unit includes a heating sleeve and a temperature sensor. The heating sleeve is detachably fitted onto the spindle for heating the spindle, and the temperature sensor is located on the side of the spindle for monitoring the spindle temperature.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection unit includes four displacement sensors, two of which are first displacement sensors extending radially along the main shaft and the included angle between the two first displacement sensors is 90°, and two of which are second displacement sensors extending axially along the main shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection unit also includes multiple adjustment components, each of which is connected to each of the displacement sensors in a one-to-one correspondence, for driving each of the displacement sensors to move in the X, Y and Z directions to adjust the position of the displacement sensors.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an X-axis support rod, a first movable seat, a Z-axis support rod, a Y-axis support rod, a second movable seat, a first fastener, a second fastener, and a third fastener. The X-axis support rod is horizontally arranged and parallel to the main shaft. The first movable seat is slidably sleeved on the X-axis support rod and can move along the length direction of the X-axis support rod. The Z-axis support rod is vertically arranged and slides through the first movable seat. The Y-axis support rod is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the main shaft. One end of the Y-axis support rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the Z-axis support rod. The second movable seat is slidably sleeved on the Y-axis support rod and can move along the length direction of the Y-axis support rod. The second movable seat is connected to the displacement sensor. The first fastener is detachably connected to the first movable seat and the X-axis support rod. The second fastener is detachably connected to the first movable seat and the Z-axis support rod. The third fastener is detachably connected to the second movable seat and the Y-axis support rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device also includes a lifting unit, which is connected to the rotary drive component and is used to drive the rotary drive component to move up and down to adjust the height of the central axis of the rotary drive component.

[0014] Furthermore, the heavy machine tool spindle runout performance testing device also includes a data processing unit, which is electrically connected to each of the displacement sensors and is used to acquire the data detected by each of the displacement sensors and to analyze and process the data.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: when testing the spindle, the spindle is placed horizontally on the base unit, and the drive unit is detachably fixedly connected to one end of the spindle. The drive unit can drive the spindle to rotate, and the heating unit can heat the spindle to a preset temperature. A first loader is placed on the side of the spindle to provide radial load. A second loader is placed on the other end of the spindle to provide axial load. Each first displacement sensor is placed on the side of the spindle to provide axial load. The radial runout value of the spindle is detected by a displacement sensor, and the axial runout value of the spindle is detected by each second displacement sensor at the other end of the spindle. This heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device, by accurately loading axial and radial loads and equipped with a temperature-controlled heating unit, realizes the axial and radial runout performance testing of the spindle under dual actual working conditions of load and temperature rise. It effectively makes up for the technical shortcomings of traditional spindle static testing, and is more in line with the actual machining scenarios of heavy-duty machine tools under heavy load and high temperature, providing more practical testing support for improving the machining accuracy of heavy-duty machine tools. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a heavy machine tool spindle runout performance testing device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the base unit provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the detection unit provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A diagram showing the layout of the four displacement sensor locations; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the four channels of eddy current signals acquired by four displacement sensors; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stable operation phase of the eddy current signals in channel 1 and channel 2. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the stable operation phase of the eddy current signals in channels 3 and 4; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the radial runout of the spindle detected by two first displacement sensors; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the radial runout of the spindle end face detected by two second displacement sensors; In the diagram: 1 - main shaft, 100 - base unit, 110 - fixed seat, 111 - slide groove, 120 - movable seat, 130 - support roller, 140 - drive assembly, 141 - drive shaft, 142 - handwheel, 200 - drive unit, 210 - flexible coupling, 220 - rotation drive component, 300 - detection unit, 310 - displacement sensor, 320 - adjustment assembly, 321 - X-axis support rod, 322 - first moving seat, 323 - Z-axis support rod, 324 - Y-axis support rod, 325 - second moving seat, 326 - first fastener, 327 - second fastener, 328 - third fastener, 400 - lifting unit, 410 - lifting frame, 420 - telescopic drive component, 500 - frame. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] This invention provides a test device for the spindle runout performance of heavy-duty machine tools, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the device includes a base unit 100, a drive unit 200, a heating unit, a loading unit, and a detection unit 300. The base unit 100 is used to place the spindle 1 horizontally. The drive unit 200 is detachably fixed to one end of the spindle 1 and is used to drive the spindle 1 to rotate. The heating unit is used to heat the spindle 1 so that the spindle 1 reaches a preset temperature. The loading unit includes a first loader and a second loader. The first loader is disposed on the side of the spindle 1 and is used to provide radial load to the spindle 1. The second loader is disposed on the other end of the spindle 1 and is used to provide axial load to the spindle 1. The detection unit 300 includes a plurality of displacement sensors 310. Each first displacement sensor 310 is disposed on the side of the spindle 1 and is used to detect the radial runout value of the spindle 1. Each second displacement sensor 310 is disposed on the other end of the spindle 1 and is used to detect the axial runout value of the spindle 1.

[0019] During the test of the spindle 1, the spindle 1 is placed horizontally on the base unit 100, and the drive unit 200 is detachably fixed to one end of the spindle 1. The drive unit 200 can drive the spindle 1 to rotate, and the heating unit can heat the spindle 1 to a preset temperature. The first loader is placed on the side of the spindle 1 to provide radial load. The second loader is placed on the other end of the spindle 1 to provide axial load. Each of the first displacement sensors 310 is placed on the side of the spindle 1. The radial runout value of the spindle 1 is detected by each of the first displacement sensors 310, and the axial runout value of the spindle 1 is detected by each of the second displacement sensors 310 at the other end of the spindle 1. This heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device, by accurately loading axial and radial loads and equipped with a temperature-controlled heating unit, realizes the axial and radial runout performance testing of the spindle 1 under the dual actual working conditions of load and temperature rise. It effectively makes up for the technical shortcomings of traditional static testing of the spindle 1, and is more in line with the actual processing scenarios of heavy-duty machine tools under heavy load and high temperature, providing more practical testing support for improving the processing accuracy of heavy-duty machine tools.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The base unit 100 includes two units, which are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, and are respectively used to place the two ends of the main shaft 1 one-to-one. Each base unit 100 includes a fixed base 110, two movable bases 120, two support rollers 130, and a drive assembly 140. The two movable bases 120 are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, and are slidably connected to the fixed base 110. The two support rollers 130 are rotatably mounted on the two movable bases 120, with the ends of the main shaft 1 placed between them, and both support rollers 130 abutting against the main shaft 1. The drive assembly 140... The 40 is connected to both of the movable seats 120 and is used to drive the two movable seats 120 to move closer to each other or further away from each other, so as to adjust the distance between the two movable seats 120. By operating the drive assembly 140, the drive assembly 140 can drive the two movable seats 120 to move closer to each other or further away from each other, thereby adjusting the distance between the two movable seats 120, and further adjusting the distance between the two support rollers 130. This allows spindles 1 of different diameters to be placed between the two support rollers 130. This heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device can adapt to the testing needs of spindles 1 of different specifications.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The fixed base 110 has two sliding grooves 111 that are opposite to each other and spaced apart. The bottoms of the two movable bases 120 are slidably disposed in the two sliding grooves 111, and the movement of the movable bases 120 can be guided by the sliding grooves 111.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The drive assembly 140 includes a drive shaft 141 and a handwheel 142. The drive shaft 141 is horizontally arranged, and both ends of the drive shaft 141 are rotatably connected to the fixed base 110. The drive shaft 141 is provided with two threads of opposite directions and equal lengths. The movable base 120 has a first screw hole. The two movable bases 120 are sleeved on the drive shaft 141 through the corresponding first screw holes and are screwed one-to-one with the two threads. The handwheel 142 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 141 and is used to drive the drive shaft 141. When the drive shaft 141 rotates, the handwheel 142 is operated to make the drive shaft 141 rotate in the forward or reverse direction. Since the movable seat 120 is limited by the slide groove 111, and the two movable seats 120 are sleeved on the drive shaft 141 through the corresponding first screw holes and screwed one-to-one with the two threads, when the drive shaft 141 rotates in the forward or reverse direction, the two movable seats 120 can move closer to each other or move away from each other, thereby adjusting the distance between the two movable seats 120, and further adjusting the distance between the two support rollers 130.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The drive unit 200 includes an elastic coupling 210 and a rotation drive 220. One end of the elastic coupling 210 is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft 1. The output end of the rotation drive 220 is fixedly connected to the other end of the elastic coupling 210 and is used to drive the elastic coupling 210 to rotate. When clamping the main shaft 1, one end of the main shaft 1 is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the elastic coupling 210.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the heating unit includes a heating sleeve and a temperature sensor. The heating sleeve is detachably fitted onto the spindle 1 for heating the spindle 1. The temperature sensor is located on the side of the spindle 1 for monitoring the temperature of the spindle 1. After the spindle 1 is clamped, the heating sleeve is fitted onto the spindle 1. After the switch on the heating sleeve is turned on, the heating wire inside the heating sleeve is energized and heats up, thereby heating the spindle 1. The temperature of the spindle 1 can be monitored by the temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the spindle 1 can be maintained within a preset range, thereby simulating the temperature of the spindle 1 under actual working conditions.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the heating jacket is a Dongfeng Weiye model.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the first loader is a pneumatic loading structure. The distance between the first loader and the end face of the other end of the spindle 1 is 100mm-200mm. The radial force applied to the spindle 1 is adjustable from 0 to 500N, thereby simulating the radial load during cutting.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the second loader is a thrust bearing structure, and the axial force applied by the second loader to the spindle 1 is adjustable from 0 to 300N to simulate the load in the feed direction.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The detection unit 300 includes four displacement sensors 310. Two of the first displacement sensors 310 extend radially along the main shaft 1, and the included angle between the two first displacement sensors 310 is 90°. Two of the second displacement sensors 310 extend axially along the main shaft 1, thereby realizing the detection of the radial runout and axial runout of the main shaft 1.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor 310 is an eddy current displacement sensor 310.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The detection unit 300 further includes multiple adjustment components 320, each of which is connected to each of the displacement sensors 310 in a one-to-one correspondence. These components drive each displacement sensor 310 to move in the X, Y, and Z directions to adjust the position of the displacement sensor 310. This allows for adjustment at different positions of the spindle 1 and facilitates the adjustment of the position of the displacement sensor 310 through the adjustment components 320 when testing different batches of the spindle 1.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3The adjustment assembly 320 includes an X-axis support rod 321, a first movable seat 322, a Z-axis support rod 323, a Y-axis support rod 324, a second movable seat 325, a first fastener 326, a second fastener 327, and a third fastener 328. The X-axis support rod 321 is horizontally arranged and parallel to the main shaft 1. The first movable seat 322 is slidably sleeved on the X-axis support rod 321 and can move along the length direction of the X-axis support rod 321. The Z-axis support rod 323 is vertically arranged. The first movable seat 325 is slidably mounted on the first movable seat 322 and slides through it. The Y-axis support rod 324 is horizontally positioned and perpendicular to the main shaft 1. One end of the Y-axis support rod 324 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the Z-axis support rod 323. The second movable seat 325 is slidably mounted on the Y-axis support rod 324 and can move along the length of the Y-axis support rod 324. The second movable seat 325 is connected to the displacement sensor 310. The first fastener 326 is detachably connected to the first movable seat 322. The first movable seat 322 and the X-axis support rod 321 are connected by a second fastener 327, which is detachably connected to the first movable seat 322 and the Z-axis support rod 323. The third fastener 328 is detachably connected to the second movable seat 325 and the Y-axis support rod 324. When adjusting the position of the displacement sensor 310, the first movable seat 322 is moved along the length direction of the X-axis support rod 321, and then the Z-axis support rod 323 is moved up and down. Then the second movable seat 325 is moved along the length direction of the Y-axis support rod 324, thereby adjusting the position of the displacement sensor 310. After the displacement sensor 310 reaches the preset position, the first fastener 326, the second fastener 327, and the third fastener 328 are operated in sequence to lock the first movable seat 322, the Z-axis support rod 323, and the second movable seat 325.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The first movable seat 322 has a second screw hole, and the first fastener 326 is a first bolt. The first bolt passes through the second screw hole and is screwed into the second screw hole. The inner end of the first bolt is used to press against or loosen the X-direction support rod 321. By rotating the first bolt in the forward or reverse direction, the first bolt can press against or loosen the X-direction support rod 321.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3The first movable seat 322 has a third screw hole. The second fastener 327 is a second bolt. The second bolt passes through the third screw hole and is screwed into the third screw hole. The inner end of the second bolt is used to tighten or loosen the Z-direction support rod 323. By rotating the second bolt in the forward or reverse direction, the second bolt can tighten or loosen the Z-direction support rod 323.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The second movable seat 325 has a fourth screw hole. The third fastener 328 is a third bolt. The third bolt passes through the fourth screw hole and is screwed into the fourth screw hole. The inner end of the third bolt is used to tighten or loosen the Y-direction support rod 324. By rotating the third bolt in the forward or reverse direction, the third bolt can tighten or loosen the Y-direction support rod 324.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device further includes a lifting unit 400, which is connected to the rotation drive 220 and is used to drive the rotation drive 220 to move up and down to adjust the height of the central axis of the rotation drive 220. When testing different batches of the spindle 1, the height of the central axis of the spindle 1 will change due to the different diameters of the spindle 1. By operating the lifting unit 400, the lifting unit 400 can drive the rotation drive 220 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the height of the central axis of the rotation drive 220 so that the central axis of the rotation drive 220 is coaxial with the central axis of the spindle 1.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The lifting unit 400 includes a lifting frame 410 and a telescopic drive component 420. The top of the lifting frame 410 is fixedly connected to the rotation drive component 220, and the output end of the telescopic drive component 420 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting frame 410 for driving the lifting frame 410 to move up and down. By operating the telescopic drive component 420, the output end of the telescopic drive component 420 can drive the lifting frame 410 to move up and down, thereby driving the rotation drive component 220 to move up and down.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the heavy machine tool spindle runout performance testing device further includes a data processing unit, which is electrically connected to each of the displacement sensors 310 and is used to acquire the data detected by each of the displacement sensors 310 and analyze and process the data.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 5-7. During the test on the spindle 1, the stable rotational speed of the spindle 1 was 1150 r / min, the sampling frequency of the displacement sensor 310 was 1 kHz, and 30 seconds of data were collected under stable rotational speed conditions. Four channels of eddy current signals were acquired through the four displacement sensors 310. Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 5 In the diagram, segment A represents the pre-start phase, segment B represents the start-up process, and segment C represents the stable operation phase. Data from four channels during the stable operation period (11.183s–13.438s) are taken as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, from Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen, the data from all four channels exhibits a clear periodicity.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, based on the results of one of the tests, regarding the radial runout of the spindle 1, please refer to... Figure 8 Where 'a' is the base circle and the other circles are error circles, the data from channels 1 and 2 are analyzed. The sampling frequency is set to 1kHz, and the rotational speed of the spindle 1 when it is stable is 1150r / min. Therefore, 53 data points are sampled for each revolution of the spindle 1, i.e., every 53 data points constitute one cycle. To ensure the accuracy of the results, the data are averaged over multiple cycles to eliminate the interference of white noise. Then, the 53 data points are fitted with least squares to calculate the center offset. Each data point is then offset to eliminate the interference of the spindle 1 rotation error. Finally, the data points from the two error circles obtained from channels 3 and 4 are averaged. The processed radial runout error of the spindle 1 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the radial runout of the spindle 1 fluctuates between -0.001mm and 0.0006mm, which is relatively small and meets the relevant national standards.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the two second displacement sensors 310 can also detect the radial runout of the end face at the other end of the spindle 1. Based on the result of one test, for the radial runout of the end face of the spindle 1, please refer to... Figure 9 The X-axis represents the number of sampling points per cycle, and the Y-axis represents the radial runout of the end face. Analyzing the data from channels 3 and 4, due to the presence of multiple small holes and keyways on the end faces where the two second displacement sensors 310 are placed, multiple significant peak values ​​occur within a single cycle. The data from channels 3 and 4 under stable operating conditions are first processed to remove peak data (i.e., data points greater than 0.01 are removed), then the data undergoes multi-cycle ensemble averaging. Finally, the data from the two channels are averaged to obtain the radial runout data of the spindle 1 end face. The radial runout curve of the spindle 1 end face is shown in the figure below. Figure 9As shown in the figure, the radial runout of the end face of the spindle 1 fluctuates between -0.0002mm and 0.0009mm. The radial runout of the end face of the spindle 1 is small and relatively uniform, which meets the relevant national standards.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The heavy machine tool spindle runout performance testing device further includes a frame 500, with two fixed seats 110 fixedly connected to the frame 500, and the lifting frame 410 slidably connected to the frame 500 and capable of moving up and down. The frame 500 can provide support for the fixed seats 110 and the lifting frame 410.

[0042] To better understand this invention, the following is combined with... Figure 1 - Figure 9 The working principle of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below: When testing the main shaft 1, the distance between the two support rollers 130 is first adjusted to match the diameter of the main shaft 1 and the height of the rotating drive component 220, based on the diameter of the main shaft 1. While adjusting the distance between the two support rollers 130, the drive shaft 141 is rotated forward or backward by operating the handwheel 142. Since the movable seat 120 is limited by the slide groove 111, and the two movable seats 120 are sleeved on the drive shaft 141 through corresponding first screw holes and screwed one-to-one with the two threads, when the drive shaft 141 rotates forward or backward, the two movable seats 120 can move closer to each other or further apart, thereby adjusting the distance between the two movable seats 120. The distance between the two support rollers 130 can be adjusted. When adjusting the height of the rotating drive member 220, the output end of the telescopic drive member 420 can drive the lifting frame 410 to move up and down, thereby driving the rotating drive member 220 to move up and down. This allows the height of the central axis of the rotating drive member 220 to be adjusted so that the central axis of the rotating drive member 220 is coaxial with the central axis of the main shaft 1. Then, the main shaft 1 is placed horizontally, and both ends of the main shaft 1 are respectively placed between the two support rollers 130. Then, one end of the main shaft 1 is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the elastic coupling 210. Through the rotating drive member 220... The flexible coupling 210 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the main shaft 1 to rotate. The heating sleeve is fitted onto the main shaft 1. After the switch on the heating sleeve is turned on, the heating wire inside the sleeve is energized and heats up, thus heating the main shaft 1. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature of the main shaft 1, ensuring that the temperature of the main shaft 1 is maintained within a preset range, thereby simulating the temperature of the main shaft 1 under actual working conditions. The first loader is positioned on the side of the main shaft 1, providing a radial load to the main shaft 1. The second loader is positioned at the other end of the main shaft 1, providing an axial load to the main shaft 1. The two first displacements are transmitted... Sensor 310 is disposed on the side of the main shaft 1, and each of the second displacement sensors 310 is disposed at the other end of the main shaft 1. The positions of the four displacement sensors 310 are adjusted by the four adjustment components 320, such that two of the first displacement sensors 310 extend radially along the main shaft 1, and the included angle between the two first displacement sensors 310 is 90°, and two of the second displacement sensors 310 extend axially along the main shaft 1. The radial runout value of the main shaft 1 is detected by the two first displacement sensors 310, and the axial runout value of the main shaft 1 is detected by the two second displacement sensors 310. The data detected by each displacement sensor 310 is then acquired by the data processing unit.This heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device analyzes and processes the data. By precisely applying axial and radial loads and equipped with a temperature-controlled heating unit, it achieves axial and radial runout performance testing of the spindle 1 under both load and temperature rise conditions. This effectively compensates for the technical shortcomings of traditional static testing of the spindle 1, and is more closely aligned with the actual machining scenarios of heavy-duty machine tools under heavy loads and high temperatures, providing more practical testing support for improving the machining accuracy of heavy-duty machine tools.

[0043] The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In this heavy machine tool spindle runout performance test device, both first displacement sensors 310 extend radially along the spindle 1 and the included angle between the two first displacement sensors 310 is 90°, and both second displacement sensors 310 extend axially along the spindle 1, so as to realize the detection of the radial runout and axial runout of the spindle 1; (2) This heavy machine tool spindle runout performance test device is adapted to the testing requirements of spindles 1 of different specifications and has the function of real-time analysis and feedback of dynamic runout data; (3) This heavy machine tool spindle runout performance test device, by accurately loading axial and radial loads and equipped with a temperature control heating unit, realizes the axial and radial runout performance test of the spindle 1 under the dual actual working conditions of load and temperature rise. It effectively makes up for the technical shortcomings of the traditional static test of the spindle 1, and is more in line with the actual processing scenario of heavy load and high temperature of heavy machine tools, providing more practical test support for improving the processing accuracy of heavy machine tools.

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for the spindle runout performance of a heavy-duty machine tool, characterized in that, include: A base unit on which the spindle is placed horizontally; A drive unit, which is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft, is used to drive the main shaft to rotate; A heating unit is used to heat the spindle so that the spindle reaches a preset temperature; The loading unit includes a first loader and a second loader. The first loader is disposed on the side of the spindle and is used to provide radial load to the spindle. The second loader is disposed at the other end of the spindle and is used to provide axial load to the spindle. The detection unit includes multiple displacement sensors. Each first displacement sensor is disposed on the side of the spindle and is used to detect the radial runout value of the spindle. Each second displacement sensor is disposed at the other end of the spindle and is used to detect the axial runout value of the spindle.

2. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base unit includes two units, which are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, and are respectively used to place the two ends of the main shaft one to one. Each base unit includes a fixed base, two movable bases, two support rollers, and a drive assembly. The two movable bases are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, and are slidably connected to the fixed base. The two support rollers are rotatably mounted on the two movable bases one to one, and are used to place the ends of the main shaft between the two support rollers. Both support rollers abut against the main shaft. The drive assembly is connected to both movable bases and is used to drive the two movable bases to move closer to each other or further away from each other, so as to adjust the distance between the two movable bases.

3. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive shaft and a handwheel. The drive shaft is horizontally positioned, and both ends of the drive shaft are rotatably connected to the fixed base. The drive shaft has two threads with opposite directions and equal lengths. The movable base has a first threaded hole. The two movable bases are sleeved on the drive shaft through the corresponding first threaded holes and screwed one-to-one with the two threads. The handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft and is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

4. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a flexible coupling and a rotation drive component. One end of the flexible coupling is detachably and fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft. The output end of the rotation drive component is fixedly connected to the other end of the flexible coupling and is used to drive the flexible coupling to rotate.

5. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating unit includes a heating sleeve and a temperature sensor. The heating sleeve is detachably fitted onto the spindle for heating the spindle, and the temperature sensor is located on the side of the spindle for monitoring the spindle temperature.

6. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection unit includes four displacement sensors, two of which are first displacement sensors that extend radially along the main shaft and have an included angle of 90° between them, and two of which are second displacement sensors that extend axially along the main shaft.

7. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection unit also includes multiple adjustment components, each of which is connected to each of the displacement sensors in a one-to-one correspondence, for driving each of the displacement sensors to move in the X, Y and Z directions to adjust the position of the displacement sensors.

8. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes an X-axis support rod, a first movable seat, a Z-axis support rod, a Y-axis support rod, a second movable seat, a first fastener, a second fastener, and a third fastener. The X-axis support rod is horizontally arranged and parallel to the main shaft. The first movable seat is slidably sleeved on the X-axis support rod and can move along the length direction of the X-axis support rod. The Z-axis support rod is vertically arranged and slides through the first movable seat. The Y-axis support rod is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the main shaft. One end of the Y-axis support rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the Z-axis support rod. The second movable seat is slidably sleeved on the Y-axis support rod and can move along the length direction of the Y-axis support rod. The second movable seat is connected to the displacement sensor. The first fastener is detachably connected to the first movable seat and the X-axis support rod. The second fastener is detachably connected to the first movable seat and the Z-axis support rod. The third fastener is detachably connected to the second movable seat and the Y-axis support rod.

9. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting unit, which is connected to the rotation drive component and is used to drive the rotation drive component to move up and down to adjust the height of the central axis of the rotation drive component.

10. The heavy-duty machine tool spindle runout performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a data processing unit, which is electrically connected to each of the displacement sensors, for acquiring the data detected by each displacement sensor and analyzing and processing the data.

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