Limb support for orthopedic nursing

Abstract

The limb support for orthopedic nursing comprises two rotating frames, the two rotating frames are connected through a binding belt, an adjusting piece used for adjusting the bending angle of the leg of a patient is arranged in each rotating frame, and the limb support for orthopedic nursing further comprises a sensing part used for sensing muscle movement and posture change, a control part used for controlling the rotating frames to rotate, and a control part used for controlling the control part to rotate. The sensing component comprises a flexible cantilever beam and a strain gauge sensor; and one end of the flexible cantilever beam is a fixed end and is connected with the rotating frame. According to the limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the invention, the flexible cantilever beam can generate accurate deformation along with micro-motion and posture change of leg muscles, so that the sensor is prevented from being separated from the skin or signal interruption caused by rigid constraint is avoided; the strain gauge sensor is fixed to the middle section of the cantilever beam and can capture resistance changes corresponding to deformation in real time, and it is ensured that data collection is free of faults under the active movement and passive posture change scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of biological medical health big data sharing platform, and particularly relates to a limb support for orthopedic nursing. BACKGROUND

[0002] Posterior cruciate ligament injury patients need to wear a posterior fork brace for rehabilitation assistance, but the existing traditional brace has the core defect of "static fixed design cannot adapt to dynamic needs", which has systematic technical problems in dynamic rehabilitation scenes, seriously affecting the quality of rehabilitation data collection and rehabilitation safety.

[0003] In the active motion scene (such as leg bending training), the core defect is "sensor dynamic fitting failure". The sensors of the traditional brace are mostly rigidly installed or fixedly pasted, and cannot adjust with the dynamic changes of the leg shape: when the patient performs knee flexion and extension movement, the length of the leg and the muscle tension change in real time with the movement, the sensor is easy to be separated from the skin contact due to the rigid constraint of the brace restraint belt, resulting in the interruption of muscle movement signal, and the complete dynamic data cannot be collected; if the restraint belt is too tight, the local pressure increases suddenly in the bending process, and the sensor is also easy to appear signal saturation distortion due to exceeding the range, and cannot reflect the real pressure change trend. This directly restricts the continuity and accuracy of the rehabilitation data, and it is difficult to support the accuracy of rehabilitation evaluation.

[0004] In the passive posture change scene (such as sleep), the core defect is "pressure data discontinuity". The traditional brace lacks self-adaptive adjustment mechanism, and the static fixed structure cannot respond to the dynamic changes of the leg position and pressure: when the patient sleeps, the injured leg may be pressed by the body or the healthy leg is pressed on the brace, the contact pressure between the brace and the leg on the compression side increases instantaneously, the sensor is easy to overflow due to overload, resulting in that the real compression strength and duration cannot be monitored, and it is difficult to predict the risk of skin damage such as pressure sores; the non-compression side brace may be separated from the skin due to leg displacement, the sensor data is zero or missing, and it is difficult to judge whether the muscle on the side is in normal relaxation state, and it is difficult to evaluate the potential risk of muscle disuse atrophy.

[0005] Active movement (bending training) and passive posture change (sleeping) are two core scenarios of orthopedic postoperative rehabilitation, which constitute the complete cycle of patient's daily rehabilitation. Traditional braces cannot guarantee the continuity of data collection in active scenarios, restricting the optimization of training programs; in passive scenarios, they cannot realize dynamic monitoring and adjustment of pressure, threatening the safety of rehabilitation, both of which expose the lack of traditional braces in supporting the "dynamic rehabilitation full scene". This systematic defect leads to the fact that traditional braces cannot provide complete and accurate rehabilitation data for biomedical big data platforms, nor can they meet the core needs of patients for rehabilitation safety. Due to the discontinuity, distortion and lack of standardized output format in data collection, the data uploaded to the biomedical health big data sharing platform is fragmented and noisy, which cannot support the platform to carry out multi-center rehabilitation research, group rehabilitation model training and other core applications, nor can it realize data sharing among different institutions, which restricts the intelligent support ability of the platform for orthopedic rehabilitation. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a limb support for orthopedic care. Its core is to provide continuous and accurate underlying data support for the platform through dynamic rehabilitation data collection, standardized transmission and intelligent adjustment technology, while responding to the platform analysis results to realize personalized rehabilitation management, and to build a closed-loop system of 'hardware perception-platform analysis-rehabilitation intervention'.

[0007] To achieve the foregoing purposes of the application, the technical solutions adopted by the present application include: Two rotating frames are connected by a restraint belt, and each rotating frame is provided with an adjusting member for adjusting the bending angle of the patient's leg. A perception component for muscle movement and posture change perception, the perception component includes a flexible cantilever beam and a strain gauge sensor, one end of the cantilever beam is a fixed end and is connected with the rotating frame, the other end is a free end and faces the leg skin and can be bent under stress, and the strain gauge sensor is fixed on the cantilever beam. And an adaptive spacing adjustment assembly triggered by leg pressure, the adaptive spacing adjustment assembly includes a balance bar, a trigger linkage structure and an elastic return member, the balance bar is rotatably connected with the rotating frame, the trigger linkage structure is used to contact the balance bar when the cantilever beam is bent under stress, and the leg pressure is transmitted to the balance bar to drive it to rotate; the elastic return member is connected with the balance bar and is used to provide a return elastic force.

[0008] In the application, by setting the sensing component of "flexible cantilever beam + strain gauge sensor" and the adaptive spacing adjustment assembly of "balance bar + trigger linkage structure + elastic reset piece", the problems of "sensor dynamic fitting failure" and "pressure data fault" existing in the traditional brace in the active movement and passive sleep in the dynamic scene are solved. The sensing component can collect muscle micro-movement and posture change signals in real time, and the adaptive assembly can dynamically adjust the spacing of the rotating frame when the leg is pressed, realize the "sensing-regulation" closed loop, improve the integrity and accuracy of the rehabilitation data collection, and at the same time reduce the skin damage and muscle atrophy risk caused by compression. The data collected by the sensing component includes two types of standardized dynamic signals: one is the muscle micro-movement signal (0.5-5Hz high frequency, ≤50 micro-strain resistance change) in the active movement scene, which contains the time stamp, muscle activity intensity and movement frequency fields; the second is the pressure pulling signal (0.1-0.5Hz low frequency, ≥500 micro-strain resistance change) in the passive posture change scene, which contains the compression duration, intensity peak and posture change frequency fields. The data format is compatible with the HL7FHIR medical data standard, and can be directly parsed and stored by the biological medical health big data sharing platform, solving the problem of "format incompatible, unable to share across platforms" of traditional data.

[0009] Preferably, the cantilever beam is made of low stiffness elastic material, and the elastic material is spring steel sheet or nickel-titanium alloy sheet; the fixed end of the cantilever beam is arranged on the side of one of the rotating frames facing the leg skin, corresponding to the posterior region of the lower segment of the thigh.

[0010] In the application, the cantilever beam is limited to be made of low stiffness elastic material and arranged in the posterior region of the lower segment of the thigh, which ensures that the cantilever beam can accurately deform with muscle micro-movement, adapt to the dynamic shape change of the leg, and avoid the disconnection or saturation problem of traditional rigid sensors; the targeted arrangement of the posterior region of the lower segment of the thigh can accurately capture the signal of the most significant part of muscle activity, and improve the effectiveness of data collection.

[0011] Preferably, the strain gauge sensor is fixed to the side close to the leg skin in the middle segment of the cantilever beam; the strain gauge sensor includes a sensitive grid, a substrate, a lead and a cover layer, the sensitive grid is made of copper-nickel alloy or nickel-chromium alloy, and the sensitive grid is used to convert mechanical strain into resistance change.

[0012] In the application, the structure of the strain gauge sensor, including the sensitive grid, the substrate, the lead, the cover layer and the sensitive grid material copper-nickel alloy or nickel-chromium alloy, is specified, which ensures that it can stably convert mechanical strain into resistance change and reduce "noise pollution" caused by motion interference; the miniaturized foil strain gauge and the close-fitting design further reduce signal distortion and improve the collection accuracy of muscle movement and pressure change data, providing reliable data support for platform analysis.

[0013] Preferably, the trigger linkage structure comprises a push plate arranged at one end of the balance bar and a trigger block arranged on the cantilever beam, the trigger block is used to contact the push plate and push it to rotate when the cantilever beam is bent under force; the elastic reset member is a torsion spring, one side of the balance bar is fixed with a support beam, one end of the torsion spring is connected with the support beam, and the other end is connected with a lifting seat on the rotating frame.

[0014] In the present application, through the trigger linkage structure of "push plate + trigger block" and the torsion spring reset design, the mechanical linkage between leg pressure and balance bar rotation is realized: when the pressure is applied, the trigger block pushes the push plate to drive the balance bar to rotate to adjust the distance, and after the pressure disappears, the torsion spring automatically resets. This structure does not need electric control conversion, has fast response speed, solves the problem of "passive collection without active adjustment" of traditional supports, can relieve the pressure in real time, and reduces the risk of pressure sores Preferably, the lifting seat is fixed in the area above the knee joint corresponding to the rotating frame, and comprises a base frame and a lifting block slidingly arranged in the base frame, a positioning short lead screw is arranged on the base frame, and a plurality of positioning threaded holes are arranged in the lifting block; one end of the support beam away from the balance bar is provided with a T-shaped block, one side of the rotating frame without the balance bar is fixed with a butt plate frame, the T-shaped block is slidingly arranged in the butt plate frame, and the T-shaped block and the butt plate frame are provided with a pair of inverted inclined surfaces.

[0015] In the present application, the design of limiting the lifting seat to be located in the area above the knee joint, the T-shaped block and the inverted inclined surface of the butt plate frame ensures that the self-adaptive adjusting assembly accurately responds to the pressure change around the knee joint, and the most concentrated area of pressure; the matching of the slope of the inclined surface makes the distance adjustment stable and controllable, and the distance is expanded by 5-8 mm, so that the adjustment is avoided to be excessive or insufficient, and the rotation angle of the balance bar and the deformation of the torsion spring are matched, so that the structural stability and the adjustment reliability are improved.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting protrusion is arranged on the rotating frame, and an adjustable distance is left between the limiting protrusion and the cantilever beam. One end of the limiting protrusion is rotatably connected with a fine adjustment screw, a threaded connection hole is arranged in the rotating frame for the fine adjustment screw to be screwed into, and the threaded connection hole is arranged in an inclined manner.

[0017] In the present application, the adjustable distance between the limiting protrusion and the cantilever beam is adapted to different leg circumferences of patients, so that the pressure is avoided to be too tight or too loose; the inclined threaded hole design disperses the contact pressure, reduces the single-point pressure, avoids skin redness and pressure marks, and the inclined angle allows the cantilever beam to freely deform at a small angle, prevents jamming caused by plane contact, and improves the perceptual continuity during posture change.

[0018] Preferably, the free end of the cantilever beam is provided with a contact pad, and the contact pad has a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a hard support ring, and the outer layer is a soft silica gel convex point wrapped outside the hard support ring.

[0019] In the present application, the double-layer structure of the contact pad, hard support ring + soft silica gel convex point, takes into account pressure transmission and skin protection: the hard support ring ensures effective transmission of pressure to the cantilever beam to trigger sensing, and the soft silica gel convex point enhances flexible fitting with the skin, reduces friction and compression, avoids skin abrasions and inflammation caused by traditional rigid contact, and improves wearing comfort.

[0020] Preferably, the rotating frame comprises a calf wall and a thigh wall rotatably connected to each other, and the adjusting member is arranged at the rotatable connection between the calf wall and the thigh wall. The adjusting member comprises an arc-shaped adjusting opening formed on the thigh wall, a sliding frame slidingly arranged in the adjusting opening, a limiting rod connected with the sliding frame, a limiting plate arranged on the calf wall, and a positioning strip inserted into the sliding frame. A plurality of positioning holes in the form of a fan are formed in the adjusting opening. The sliding frame is provided with a control piece and a pre-tightening spring. The control piece is fixedly connected with the positioning strip, and the pre-tightening spring is connected with the control piece and the sliding frame at both ends.

[0021] In the present application, the calf wall and the thigh wall of the rotating frame are rotatably connected, and the arc-shaped adjusting opening, the sliding frame, the positioning strip and the like of the adjusting member are designed, so that the bending angle of the leg can be accurately adjusted. The fan-shaped positioning holes and the pre-tightening spring positioning structure can flexibly set the knee flexion range according to the rehabilitation stage, avoid secondary injury caused by excessive motion amplitude, and ensure the safety of training.

[0022] Preferably, the spacing angle between the plurality of positioning holes is 10 degrees.

[0023] In the present application, the 10-degree spacing of the positioning holes refines the bending angle adjustment gradient, meets the accuracy requirements of different rehabilitation stages such as small-angle training in the early stage and large-angle recovery in the later stage, and improves the adjustment flexibility. The bolt connection of the fixed end of the sliding frame ensures the stability of the structure, avoids loosening during adjustment, and ensures the standardization of training.

[0024] Preferably, it further comprises a signal processing module and a wireless transmission module, the strain gauge sensor is electrically connected with the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is electrically connected with the wireless transmission module. The signal processing module is arranged at the top of the rotating frame, and the lead wire of the strain gauge sensor is connected with the signal processing module through the wire groove in the inner side of the rotating frame. The signal processing module converts the strain signal into JSON format data (fields including device unique identifier ID, collection timestamp, signal type, resistance change value, signal quality score), and is connected with the biological medical health big data sharing platform standardization API through the Bluetooth 5.0 module (compatible with MQTT transmission protocol), and the transmission delay is ≤500ms. The data transmission adopts the AES-256 encryption algorithm, the patient identity information is anonymized by the hash algorithm, only the rehabilitation feature data is retained for platform sharing analysis, and the requirements of the Health Medical Big Data Standard, Security and Service Management Method are met.

[0025] In the present application, the setting of the signal processing module and the wireless transmission module realizes real-time processing and uploading of strain signals, solves the problem of "data transmission lag" of traditional braces, the signal is regularly led out through the wire slot, interference is reduced, data is ensured to be synchronized with the platform, precise analysis and intelligent diagnosis and treatment decision of the biological medical big data platform are supported, and a "collection-analysis-intervention" closed loop is formed.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the present application adopts a combination of "flexible cantilever beam + strain gauge sensor", solving the problem of "dynamic adhesion failure" of traditional rigid sensors. The flexible cantilever beam can produce accurate deformation with leg muscle micro-movement (contraction / dilation) and posture change (bending / sideways), avoiding signal interruption caused by the sensor detaching from the skin or rigid constraint; the strain gauge sensor is fixed in the middle section of the cantilever beam, which can capture the resistance change corresponding to the deformation in real time, ensuring data collection without discontinuity in active movement (bending training) and passive posture change (sleeping turning over) scenarios. (2) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the present application, unlike traditional braces that only collect pressure or movement data, the sensing component can simultaneously associate muscle micro-movement (high-frequency low-amplitude deformation) and posture traction (low-frequency high-amplitude deformation) signals, realize scene differentiation through signal feature difference, solve the problem of "classification error" of traditional data, and provide more comprehensive rehabilitation evaluation basis for the biological medical big data platform; the collected standardized data can be included in the platform multidimensional database, supporting rehabilitation data sharing across hospitals and regions: by comparing patient data from different medical institutions, the postoperative rehabilitation guidelines for orthopedics can be optimized; the intelligent model trained based on group data can provide data support for brace adjustment angle setting and limit protrusion spacing adjustment, realizing the sharing value of 'individual data serving the group, and the group data optimizing the individual'.

[0027] (3) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the present application realizes a "pressure triggering-automatic adjustment-elastic reset" closed loop through the mechanical linkage of "balance bar + trigger linkage structure + elastic reset component". When the leg is pressed (such as sleeping sideways compression), the trigger linkage structure drives the balance bar to rotate, dynamically expanding the distance between the rotating frames, instantly relieving the compression of the restraint belt, solving the problem of skin redness, pressure sores and blood circulation disorders caused by the "static fixation without self-adaptive adjustment" of traditional braces; after the pressure disappears, the elastic reset component drives the structure to reset, ensuring the stable fixation of the brace to the leg, avoiding the influence of excessive relaxation on the rehabilitation effect.

[0028] (4) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the application is characterized in that the cantilever beam is fixed to the "rear side of the lower segment of the thigh, popliteal muscle area", which is the most significant part of the muscle activity around the knee joint (the tension changes the most when the knee is bent), the core motion signal is collected in a targeted manner, the problem of "randomized position of the traditional sensor leading to data without reference value" is avoided, and the relevance of the data and the rehabilitation evaluation is improved.

[0029] (5) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the application is characterized in that the pressure / motion signal collected by the sensing component is directly used as the basis for triggering the adaptive adjustment, realizing seamless connection from "data collection" to "intervention adjustment", solving the problem of "passive collection without active feedback" of the traditional support, and improving the intelligent level of rehabilitation nursing.

[0030] (6) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the application is characterized in that the combination of flexible structure and mechanical adjustment can adapt to the differences in leg circumference, muscle tension, and dynamic scene changes such as active movement and passive sleep of different patients, avoiding the problem of "poor adaptability of general design of traditional supports", and improving the personalized reference value of wearing comfort and rehabilitation data.

[0031] (7) The limb support for orthopedic nursing provided by the application is characterized in that the lifting seat is fixed to the "area above the knee joint", which is the core area with the most concentrated pressure and the most severe pressure change (such as the sudden increase in pressure above the knee when the knee is bent), so that the adjustment component directly responds to the key compression point, solves the problem of "position deviation of the traditional adjustment component in the invalid area", and improves the pertinence of adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a whole schematic view of the limb support for orthopedic nursing in the present application. Figure 2 It is an explosion effect schematic view of the limb support for orthopedic nursing in the present application. Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the sensing component in the present application. Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the T-shaped block in the present application. Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the adjustment component in the present application. Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the sliding frame in the present application. Figure 7 Figure 1 is a schematic view of the connection structure between the docking plate frame and the T-shaped block in the present application.

[0034] Reference signs: 1, rotating frame; 11, calf wall; 12, thigh wall; 2, restraint belt; 3, adjusting member; 31, adjusting port; 32, sliding frame; 33, limiting rod; 34, limiting plate; 35, positioning strip; 36, control piece; 37, pre-tightening spring; 4, sensing component; 41, cantilever beam; 42, bolt; 43, strain gauge sensor; 44, strain gauge body; 45, contact pad; 46, limiting protrusion; 47, fine adjustment screw; 48, lifting seat; 49, balance bar; 410, push plate; 411, trigger block; 412, support beam; 413, torsional spring; 414, T-shaped block; 415, docking plate frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present inventors have obtained the technical solution of the present application through long-term research and a large number of practices. The technical solution, its implementation process and principles will be further explained below in combination with the drawings and specific implementation cases in the embodiments of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that the embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, the present application covers any alternative, modification, equivalent method and solution defined by the claims, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor, which all belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] In the description of the present application, "first", "second", "third" and similar words do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "one" or "a" and similar words do not represent a quantity limitation, but represent the existence of at least one. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "contain" cover the elements or objects listed after "include" or "contain" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Connected" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect.

[0038] In the description of the present application, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, when using two sides, outer side, up and down and other positional terms, it should be understood that they are only used for the convenience of understanding and description, considering that the structure can be facing other positions.

[0039] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms or scientific terms used should be understood as the general meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, and the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, it can also be detachable connection, it can also be in contact connection or integral connection; for those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application aims to introduce and explain the structure and cooperation relationship between the components of the limb support for orthopedic nursing. Unless otherwise specified, the size, material and manufacturing process of each component in the limb support for orthopedic nursing in the embodiment of the present application can be selected according to the specific circumstances, and no special limitation and explanation is made here.

[0041] Further, in order for the public to have a better understanding of the present application, in the following detailed description of the present application, some specific details are described in detail. The present application can also be completely understood without the description of these details by those skilled in the art.

[0042] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the embodiment discloses a limb support for orthopedic nursing, comprising two rotating frames 1, and the two rotating frames 1 are connected by a restraint belt 2.

[0043] Further, the rotating frame 1 comprises a calf wall 11 and a thigh wall 12 which rotate relative to each other, and the rotating connection between the calf wall 11 and the thigh wall 12 is provided with an adjusting piece 3 for adjusting the bending angle of the patient's leg.

[0044] Specifically, the adjusting part 3 comprises an arc adjusting opening 31 formed on the thigh wall 12, a sliding frame 32 is slidably arranged in the adjusting opening 31, the sliding frame 32 has an opening, the side of the sliding frame 32 opposite to the opening is fixedly connected with a limiting rod 33, the calf wall 11 is fixedly arranged with a limiting plate 34 on the sliding track of the sliding frame 32, a positioning strip 35 is inserted into the sliding frame 32, a plurality of positioning holes for inserting the positioning strip 35 are formed in the adjusting opening 31, the plurality of positioning holes are distributed in a fan shape, the spacing angle between the plurality of positioning holes is 10 degrees, a control piece 36 is slidably arranged in the sliding frame 32, one side of the control piece 36 is fixedly connected with the positioning strip 35, the other side of the control piece 36 is fixedly connected with a pre-tightening spring 37, and the pre-tightening spring 37 is fixedly connected with the sliding frame 32. The arc of the adjusting opening 31 is 90°-120°, and the corresponding central angle range covers the commonly used angle (0°-90°) of the knee bending training of the patient. The number of the positioning holes formed in the adjusting opening 31 is 9-10, the positioning holes are distributed in a fan shape along the arc track, the central angle spacing between the adjacent positioning holes is 10°, and the total coverage angle is 80°-90°, which is matched with the sliding stroke of the sliding frame 32.

[0045] It should be noted that, in the initial state, the calf wall 11 and the thigh wall 12 are kept on the same straight line, and the limiting rod 33 abuts against the limiting plate 34, so that the calf wall 11 and the thigh wall 12 cannot be bent along with the leg. When the rehabilitation knee bending training is needed, the positioning strip 35 can be pulled out of the positioning hole by applying force to the control piece 36, so that the pre-tightening spring 37 is deformed under stress, and then the sliding frame 32 is pushed to move to adjust the movable angle range of the rehabilitation knee bending training. Then, the force applied to the control piece 36 is cancelled, and the positioning strip 35 is clamped into the positioning hole in the corresponding position by the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring 37, so that the patient can perform the rehabilitation training in the preset knee bending angle range.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 , the embodiment discloses a limb support for orthopedic nursing, which comprises a sensing part 4. The sensing part 4 is mainly used for muscle micro-motion sensing and posture change related muscle pulling sensing.

[0047] Further, the sensing part 4 comprises a flexible cantilever beam 41, one end of the cantilever beam 41 is a fixed end, the other end is a degree of freedom, and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 41 is connected with the thigh wall 12 of one of the rotating frames 1.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the muscle movement sensing of the rear fork brace, the cantilever beam 41 is a flexible sensing carrier, and a low-rigidity elastic material such as a spring steel sheet or a nickel-titanium alloy sheet is adopted, so that the cantilever beam 41 can generate a measurable deformation under the pressure of a small external force such as muscle micro-motion, and at the same time has sufficient toughness to avoid fatigue fracture in long-term use.

[0049] The specific installation position of the cantilever beam 41 is that one cantilever beam 41 is installed on the side wall of the single-sided thigh wall 12 facing the skin of the leg, and the specific position corresponds to the region of the hamstring muscle on the back side of the lower segment of the thigh, that is, 5-10 cm above the knee, and the muscle movement at this position is the most significant.

[0050] The specific installation method of the cantilever beam 41 is that two connecting holes are formed in the fixed end, two threaded blind holes are formed in the connecting port, a connecting port is formed at the bottom of the single-sided thigh wall 12, the fixed end is inserted into the connecting port, and then two bolts 42 are screwed from the side of the thigh wall 12 away from the skin of the leg, so that the bolts 42 are screwed into the corresponding threaded blind holes through the connecting holes of the fixed end. The fixed end is rigidly fixed to ensure that the fixed end is not loose and the force transmission is stable; and the free end extends in the direction of the skin of the leg with a length of about 3-5 cm to avoid shaking caused by excessive length and to affect the deformation sensitivity. In this embodiment, the cantilever beam 41 is made of a spring steel sheet with a thickness of 0.2 mm and a width of 8 mm, which has flexibility and toughness, and the surface is treated to prevent rust caused by long-term contact with skin sweat.

[0051] The two connecting holes formed in the fixed end of the cantilever beam 41 have a diameter of 3-5 mm and a spacing of 10-15 mm; the threaded blind holes corresponding to the position of the thigh wall 12 have a depth of 8-10 mm, and the rigid fixation is achieved by M3-M4 type bolts 42. The length of the free end is specifically 3 cm, 4 cm or 5 cm, and the appropriate length can be selected according to the leg circumference of the patient to ensure that the initial distance between the free end and the skin of the leg is 1-2 mm.

[0052] It can be understood that the free end only needs to bear the pressure or pull of the skin of the leg, without the need for complex multidirectional support, which is suitable for compact space design of the support.

[0053] And the cantilever beam 41 can be accurately designed in sensitivity by adjusting the length, thickness or material according to actual use requirements, such as adapting to the small deformation of muscle micro-movement or the large deformation of posture pull. At the same time, the cantilever beam 41 is the core carrier for realizing the cooperation of "mechanical structure and sensing", which converts the muscle movement that is difficult to directly measure into a physical signal that can be perceived, and supports a single sensor to complete the sensing function in two scenes.

[0054] The cantilever beam 41 serves as a bridge for the conversion of "force, deformation, and electrical signal", which converts the physical movement of the leg muscle such as small contraction and posture pull into quantifiable mechanical deformation, and then outputs an electrical signal through a sensor, and finally uploads to a biological medical big data platform through a wireless signal transmission module.

[0055] Further, the scheme for sensing muscle micro-movement is as follows: The strain gauge sensor 43 is fixedly connected at a position about 1 / 3 of the length of the fixed end of the middle section of the cantilever beam 41, and includes a strain gauge body 44 fixedly connected to one side of the middle section of the cantilever beam 41 close to the skin of the leg. The strain gauge body 44 is composed of a sensitive grid, a substrate, a lead wire and a cover layer. The sensitive grid is the core element of the strain gauge, which is made of a metal conductor such as copper-nickel alloy or nickel-chromium alloy, and has a grid or mesh structure. Its function is to directly sense mechanical strain and convert the strain into resistance change. The sensitive grid is fixedly connected to the substrate, and the lead wire is connected to both ends of the sensitive grid by welding or bonding, for leading out the resistance change signal of the sensitive grid to the measurement circuit. The cover layer is made of an insulating material compatible with the substrate, and covers the top of the sensitive grid to protect it from dust, moisture, mechanical wear and other external environmental influences, and to ensure its stability.

[0056] In this embodiment, the strain gauge body 44 is a miniaturized foil strain gauge with a size of 3mm x 6mm. The strain gauge is pasted on the surface of the cantilever beam 41 with cyanoacrylate glue to ensure no air bubbles and avoid signal distortion. The lead wire of the strain gauge body 44 is led out through the wire slot on the inner side of the rotating frame 1 and connected to the signal processing module on the top of the rotating frame 1. The signal processing module is a small MCU. The strain gauge body 44 is a foil strain gauge with a model number of BF120-3AA, a sensitive grid size of 3mm x 6mm and an initial resistance value of 120Ω±0.1%. The substrate is made of polyimide material with a thickness of 0.02-0.05mm to ensure close contact with the surface of the cantilever beam 41 without air bubbles. The signal processing module is an MCU with a model number of STM32F103, a sampling frequency of 100-200Hz and can process the resistance change signal output by the strain gauge sensor 43 in real time. The wireless transmission module is a Bluetooth 5.0 module connected to the MCU through a UART interface with a data transmission rate of 115200bps to ensure that the muscle movement signal and the posture change signal are uploaded to the biological medical big data platform in real time.

[0057] A flexible contact pad 45 is attached to the strain gauge body 44 and fixed to the free end of the cantilever beam 41, facing the skin side of the calf muscle area, and directly contacts the skin of the gastrocnemius muscle area. The contact pad 45 is square with a diameter of 15 mm and has a double-layer design: the inner layer is a hard support ring made of polyformaldehyde with a thickness of 2 mm and a raised edge, and the outer layer is wrapped with soft silicone bumps with a thickness of 3 mm and a central bump 1 mm high to enhance the adhesion to the skin and is fixed to the free end of the cantilever beam 41 by glue. The hard support ring of the contact pad 45 is circular with a diameter of 15 mm (inscribed in the square edge) and a raised edge with a height of 1-2 mm; the soft silicone bumps are annularly distributed, with a central bump with a diameter of 5 mm and 4-6 peripheral bumps with a diameter of 3 mm uniformly distributed, with a bump spacing of 2-3 mm, ensuring that the contact area with the skin is more than 80%. One side of the thigh wall 12 is provided with a limiting protrusion 46, and the soft silicone bumps ensure flexible contact with the skin to avoid pressure sores, and the hard support ring transmits a larger pressure when the leg posture changes to trigger the contact of the cantilever beam 41 with the limiting protrusion 46.

[0058] Usage process and sensing logic 1. Wearing and initial adjustment The patient wears the brace on the leg, aligns the two sides of the rotating frame 1 with the knee joint, and fixes the leg with the binding belt 2; Adjust the tightness of the binding belt 2 with the Velcro to ensure that the contact pad 45 is slightly attached to the skin of the gastrocnemius muscle area, and the free end can be touched by hand to feel slight pressure; According to the patient's leg circumference and muscle sensitivity, rotate the fine adjustment screw 47 to adjust the spacing of the limiting protrusions 46, and the initial recommended setting is 1 mm, which will be optimized according to the data feedback later; Turn on the brace signal processing module, and the strain gauge body 44 starts to collect signals and uploads them to the biological medical big data platform through the Bluetooth connection of the strain gauge sensor 43 and the mobile phone.

[0059] 2. Sensing process in active motion scenario (bending training) When the patient performs knee bending training, the gastrocnemius muscle contracts / dilates, and the skin on the back of the leg produces a slight bulge or depression; The skin deformation is transmitted to the free end of the cantilever beam 41 through the soft bumps of the contact pad 45, causing the cantilever beam 41 to produce a slight bending (deformation ≤0.1 mm); The strain gauge body 44 senses low-amplitude (≤50 micro-strain) and high-frequency (0.5-5 Hz) resistance change signals, and the platform identifies the signals as "muscle micro-movement" through signal feature recognition, and records the muscle activity intensity and frequency during training.

[0060] 3. Sensing process in passive posture change scenario (sleeping) The dynamic data collected by the strain gauge sensor 43 is standardized by the signal processing module and uploaded to the biological medical health big data sharing platform in real time through wireless transmission. The platform is based on data to develop three types of core applications: ① Build a'muscle activity-muscle recovery' correlation model to set personalized training thresholds for different patient groups; ② Optimize the group benchmark value of pressure ulcer risk warning (such as the difference in compression intensity threshold for patients of different weights) through multi-center data sharing analysis; ③ Combine the angle data of the adjusting part 3 (such as 10-degree interval training records) to generate a training angle-muscle recovery dynamic curve to assist doctors in adjusting the rehabilitation program.

[0061] When the patient sleeps on his side, the injured leg is compressed by the body, or the healthy leg is pressed against the brace, causing the pressure in the contact pad 45 area to increase sharply; The hard support ring of the contact pad 45 is stressed, causing the cantilever beam 41 to bend towards the rotating frame 1 until the middle of the cantilever beam 41 contacts the limiting protrusion 46, and the deformation of the cantilever beam 41 is 1-2 mm; The strain gauge body 44 senses high-amplitude (≥500 microstrain) and low-frequency (0.1-0.5 Hz) resistance change signals, and a "platform segment" signal appears due to the blocking of the limiting protrusion 46. The platform identifies this as "posture stretching" and records the compression duration, intensity, and posture change frequency to warn of the risk of pressure ulcers or muscle atrophy.

[0062] After the data is uploaded to the platform, it is shared with multi-center rehabilitation teams through a permission management mechanism: patient data from hospital A can be called by doctors from hospital B to compare the effects of different rehabilitation programs; the platform generates a 'postoperative rehabilitation stage benchmark curve' after aggregating data from multiple institutions, which in turn optimizes local rehabilitation guidelines in each hospital, realizing the shared value of 'individual data supporting group research and group data optimizing individual programs'.

[0063] 4. Daily maintenance and data feedback Patients can view rehabilitation data (such as muscle activity and pressure risk level) provided by the platform through a mobile app every day; Regularly check if the cantilever beam 41 is loose and if the contact pad 45 is worn out. If there are pressure marks on the skin, the tightness of the restraint strap 2 can be adjusted. Doctors can adjust the rehabilitation training program or brace parameters based on the cumulative sensing data, such as adjusting the distance between the limiting protrusions 46 It can be understood that the limiting protrusion 46 is cylindrical in shape and made of ABS plastic. One end of the limiting protrusion 46 is connected to a micro-adjustment screw 47, and one of the thigh walls 12 has a threaded connection hole for the micro-adjustment screw 47 to be screwed into. Rotating the micro-adjustment screw 47 can change the initial distance between the protrusion and the cantilever beam 41 (adjust the distance for different patient leg circumferences: adjust the distance for thicker legs to avoid compression; adjust the distance for thinner legs to ensure sensitive triggering).

[0064] It should be noted that the threaded hole of the limiting protrusion 46 is inclinedly arranged instead of being planarly punched, and the design is as follows: When the patient bends or turns over, the skin of the leg will slide or deform. If the hole position or surface of the limiting protrusion 46 is planar, rigid contact will easily cause local pressure concentration (especially when lying on one side), increasing the risk of pressure sores.

[0065] The inclination angle of the threaded hole is 15°-30° (relative to the vertical plane of the thigh wall 12), and the angle makes the contact force of the limiting protrusion 46 and the cantilever beam 41 decomposed along the inclined plane into vertical and parallel forces, wherein the parallel force can offset part of the impact force generated by the leg sliding, reducing the single-point pressure.

[0066] The inclined design can disperse the contact force along the inclined plane, reducing the single-point pressure. For example, when the leg presses the cantilever beam 41, the inclined surface guides the contact pad 45 to slide slightly along the inclined plane, avoiding sudden jamming or overloading.

[0067] When the patient bends the leg, the cantilever beam 41 will change the angle with muscle contraction. The inclined hole position of the limiting protrusion 46 can allow the beam to freely deform within a small angle, avoiding the jamming caused by the angle deviation of the planar hole position. And the inclined surface of the limiting protrusion 46 can guide the cantilever beam 41 or the contact pad 45 to quickly reset, especially when the brace is worn, the inclined surface can assist the initial fit of the contact pad 45 and the skin.

[0068] The sensing component 4 also includes an adaptive spacing adjustment assembly triggered by leg pressure, and the core function of the adaptive spacing adjustment assembly is dynamic adaptive adjustment triggered by external force, which is specifically manifested as: when the good leg presses the brace, the pressure is converted into power through mechanical linkage, automatically expanding the spacing between the two rotating frames 1, thereby reducing the pressure of the damaged leg skin by the binding belt 2; when the pressure disappears, the spacing between the two rotating frames 1 is restored to the initial state through the elastic reset structure, ensuring the stable fixing effect of the brace on the damaged leg.

[0069] Specifically, the adaptive spacing adjustment assembly includes a lifting seat 48 fixedly connected in one of the thigh walls 12, the lifting seat 48 is composed of a base frame and a lifting block, the base frame is fixedly connected to the thigh wall 12, the lifting block is slidingly connected in the base frame, a positioning short lead screw is threadedly connected to the base frame, and a plurality of positioning threaded holes are formed in the lifting block. When the limiting protrusion 46 is adjusted by the fine adjustment screw 47, the overall length of the lifting seat 48 can be synchronously adjusted by sliding of the lifting block, and then the positioning short lead screw is screwed into the corresponding positioning threaded hole for fixation. A balance bar 49 is rotatably connected in the lifting block of the lifting seat 48, a through hole is formed in the limiting protrusion 46 for the balance bar 49 to pass through, the balance bar 49 is rotatably connected with the through hole, one end of the balance bar 49 extending to the outside of the limiting protrusion 46 is fixedly connected with a push plate 410, the cantilever beam 41 is fixedly connected with a trigger block 411 on the side corresponding to the position of the push plate 410, the balance bar 49 is fixedly connected with a support beam 412 on the side close to the lifting seat 48, the support beam 412 is fixedly connected with a torsional spring 413 on one side, and one end of the torsional spring 413 is fixedly connected with the lifting block of the lifting seat 48.

[0070] The lifting seat 48 is fixed in the region corresponding to 3-8 cm above the knee joint of the thigh wall 12, and the horizontal distance from the rotation center of the knee joint is 5-10 cm. The slope of the T-shaped block 414 and the slope of the abutment plate frame 415 are both 1:5-1:10, which ensures that the spacing of the two rotating frames 1 can be expanded by 5-8 mm when sliding relative to each other. The rotation angle range of the balance bar 49 is 15°-30°, which matches the maximum deformation angle of the torsional spring 413.

[0071] Further, the end of the support beam 412 away from the balance bar 49 is provided with a T-shaped block 414, the side of the rotating frame 1 without the balance bar 49 is fixedly connected with an abutment plate frame 415, the T-shaped block 414 is slidingly arranged in the abutment plate frame 415, and a pair of inverted slopes are arranged on the T-shaped block 414 and the abutment plate frame 415.

[0072] It can be understood that when the patient is sleeping, one of the rotating frames 1 of the brace is attached to the bed surface, and when the good leg is laterally pressed on the outer rotating frame 1, the pressure is transmitted to the cantilever beam 41 area of the inner fixed frame through the outer rotating frame 1, causing the cantilever beam 41 to be subjected to additional pressure perpendicular to the skin, far exceeding the tension of the natural movement of the muscle, and the bending amplitude of the cantilever beam 41 increases from the conventional perception of ≤1mm (muscle micro-movement / conventional stretching) to ≥2mm (overload bending), the trigger block 411 on the back of the beam body moves with the beam body, and the trigger block 411 is in rigid contact with the dial plate 410 (at this time the strain gauge body 44 can still output an overload signal, but it does not affect the core perception), and pushes the dial plate 410 to rotate, so that the dial plate 410 drives the balance lever 49 to rotate, the torsional spring 413 is deformed under stress, thereby causing the balance lever 49 to drive the support beam 412 to rotate, prompting the inclined surface of the T-shaped block 414 to slide relative to the inclined surface of the abutment plate frame 415, and the T-shaped block 414 gradually expands the distance between the two rotating frames 1, the distance between the inner and outer rotating frames 1 is expanded by 5-8mm relative to the sliding of the T-shaped block 414 and the abutment plate frame 415, and the restraint belt 2 naturally relaxes due to the increase in distance, and the compression force is reduced. When the good leg leaves the brace, the support beam 412 is driven to rotate back to its original position by the elastic force of the torsional spring 413. When the bending amplitude of the cantilever beam 41 reaches 2mm, the trigger block 411 contacts and applies a pushing force to the dial plate 410; the stiffness coefficient of the torsional spring 413 is 5-10N / m, and the maximum deformation angle is 30°, and after the compression disappears, the elastic force of the torsional spring 413 can drive the balance lever 49 to return to the initial position within 0.5-1 seconds.

[0073] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary skilled persons in the technical field to which the present application belongs, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of simple deductions or substitutions can be made, and any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A limb support for orthopedic care, comprising two rotating frames (1) connected by a restraint strap (2), each of the rotating frames (1) being provided with an adjusting element (3) for adjusting the bending angle of the patient's leg, characterized in that, Also includes: The sensing component (4) for sensing muscle movement and posture changes includes a flexible cantilever beam (41) and a strain gauge sensor (43). One end of the cantilever beam (41) is a fixed end and connected to the rotating frame (1), and the other end is a free end facing the skin of the leg and can be bent under force. The strain gauge sensor (43) is fixed on the cantilever beam (41). And an adaptive spacing adjustment component based on leg pressure triggering, the adaptive spacing adjustment component includes a balance bar (49), a trigger linkage structure and an elastic reset component, the balance bar (49) is rotatably connected to the rotating frame (1), the trigger linkage structure is used to contact the balance bar (49) when the cantilever beam (41) is bent by force, and transmit the leg pressure to the balance bar (49) to drive it to rotate; The elastic reset element is connected to the balance bar (49) to provide a reset elastic force.

2. The limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cantilever beam (41) is made of a low-stiffness elastic material, which is a spring steel sheet or a nickel-titanium alloy sheet; the fixed end of the cantilever beam (41) is located on one of the rotating frames (1) facing the skin of the leg, corresponding to the hamstring area on the lower thigh.

3. The limb support for orthopedic nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain gauge sensor (43) is fixed to the side of the cantilever beam (41) close to the skin of the leg. The strain gauge sensor (43) includes a sensitive grid, a substrate, a lead wire and a cover layer. The sensitive grid is made of copper-nickel alloy or nickel-chromium alloy and is used to convert mechanical strain into resistance change.

4. The limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger linkage structure includes a lever (410) at one end of the balance bar (49) and a trigger block (411) on the cantilever beam (41). The trigger block (411) is used to contact the lever (410) and push the cantilever beam (41) to rotate when the cantilever beam (41) is bent by force. The elastic reset component is a torsion spring (413). A support beam (412) is fixed on one side of the balance bar (49). One end of the torsion spring (413) is connected to the support beam (412), and the other end is connected to the lifting seat (48) on the rotating frame (1).

5. A limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting seat (48) is fixed in the area above the knee joint of the rotating frame (1), including a base frame and a lifting block that is slidably disposed in the base frame. The base frame is provided with a positioning short screw rod, and the lifting block is provided with multiple positioning threaded holes. The end of the support beam (412) away from the balance bar (49) is provided with a T-shaped block (414), and the side of the rotating frame (1) without the balance bar (49) is fixed with a docking plate frame (415). The T-shaped block (414) is slidably disposed in the docking plate frame (415), and the two are provided with a pair of inverted inclined surfaces.

6. A limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating frame (1) is provided with a limiting protrusion (46), and there is an adjustable gap between the limiting protrusion (46) and the cantilever beam (41); One end of the limiting protrusion (46) is rotatably connected to a fine-tuning screw (47), and the rotating frame (1) has a threaded connection hole for the fine-tuning screw (47) to be screwed in, and the threaded connection hole is inclined.

7. A limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 2, characterized in that: The free end of the cantilever beam (41) is provided with a contact pad (45). The contact pad (45) has a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being a rigid support ring and the outer layer being soft silicone bumps wrapped around the rigid support ring.

8. A limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating frame (1) includes a lower leg wall (11) and a thigh wall (12) that are rotatably connected to each other, and the adjusting member (3) is disposed at the rotatable connection between the lower leg wall (11) and the thigh wall (12); The adjusting component (3) includes an arc-shaped adjusting port (31) opened on the thigh wall (12), a sliding frame (32) slidably disposed in the adjusting port (31), a limiting rod (33) connected to the sliding frame (32), a limiting plate (34) disposed on the calf wall (11), and a positioning strip (35) inserted into the sliding frame (32). The adjusting port (31) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes distributed in a fan shape. The sliding frame (32) is provided with a control plate (36) and a pre-tightening spring (37). The control plate (36) is fixedly connected to the positioning strip (35), and the two ends of the pre-tightening spring (37) are respectively connected to the control plate (36) and the sliding frame (32).

9. A limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spacing angle between the plurality of positioning holes is 10 degrees.

10. A limb support for orthopedic care according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a signal processing module and a wireless transmission module. The strain gauge sensor (43) is electrically connected to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is electrically connected to the wireless transmission module. The signal processing module is located on the top of the rotating frame (1), and the lead wire of the strain gauge sensor (43) is connected to the signal processing module through the inner wire groove of the rotating frame (1).

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