A hand-held laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of handheld laser welding, and proposes a handheld laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles, which can provide auxiliary support and stable holding posture for welding operation, can form a track with active swing of a broken-line welding track, reduce the force requirement of the operator's hand, slow down the fatigue degree of the operator, be more practical, and improve the stability and efficiency of the welding operation, comprising a welding gun head, the welding gun head is matched with a laser main machine, further comprising an arm fixing assembly, two handheld shells are arranged outside the welding gun head, the two handheld shells are fixedly connected with each other, the arm fixing assembly comprises a folding storage rack, the folding storage rack is installed between the two handheld shells through an electric execution part, two arc-shaped plates are rotatably connected in the folding storage rack, an installation cavity is arranged in the folding storage rack, and an elastic binding belt is installed in the installation cavity, the elastic binding belt is used for winding and fixing the two arc-shaped plates relative to the operator's arm.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of handheld laser welding, in particular to a handheld laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known that rail vehicles cover traffic vehicles for train tracks and urban tracks, which are respectively used for railway and urban public transportation, and handheld laser welding is an auxiliary welding equipment that uses a laser beam to heat metal materials to make them melt and fuse with other metal materials. In order to facilitate the application of laser welding in rail vehicles, we propose a handheld laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles.

[0003] After searching, the patent with Chinese patent application number CN202510556940.7 discloses a handheld laser welding gun and a handheld laser welding machine, which is roughly described as follows: a gun body is provided with an optical channel inside, the end of the gun body is provided with an optical outlet, the optical channel is in communication with the optical outlet, and the optical outlet is used for emitting a laser beam, an optical assembly is located inside the gun body, and is used for guiding the laser beam to be emitted from the optical outlet through the optical channel, and forming a beam focus point on the surface of a workpiece to be processed, the distance from the optical outlet to the beam focus point is greater than or equal to 30 mm, a blowing part is arranged on the gun body, and is used for blowing air to the direction where the optical outlet is located, forming an air curtain between the beam focus point and the optical outlet, so that the projection of the air curtain in the axial direction of the optical channel completely covers the optical outlet, which prevents smoke and splashes from entering the optical channel. The patent with Chinese patent application number CN202411296732.X discloses a handheld laser welding device, which is roughly described as follows: a welding gun head and an output interface are matched and inserted with each other, the other end of the welding gun head is used for welding, and the other end of the output interface is used for connecting a host through a wire harness, and the insertion interface of the welding gun head and the output interface includes a laser matching group, a cooling matching group, a protective gas matching group and an electrical signal matching group. When in use, the connection mode between the handheld welding gun and the laser host is optimized, a standardized quick plug-in connection interface is designed, and high interchangeability of the welding gun is realized.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art scheme provides two kinds of handheld laser welding equipment, but the handheld laser welding equipment needs to be held by an operator to realize posture maintaining and adjusting during the welding operation process. Considering that the welds in the surface skin parts in the rail vehicles are single and the welding length is large, long-time welding operation is easy to cause fatigue of the operator, and when the operator is tired, the welding stability is easy to be affected. Therefore, how to improve the applicability of the existing handheld laser welding equipment to the rail vehicles has become one of the problems to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a handheld laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles, which can provide auxiliary support and stable holding posture for welding operation, and can form a track with active swing of the track of the broken line welding, reduce the force requirement of the operator's hand, and slow down the fatigue degree of the operator, which is more practical and can improve the stability and efficiency of the welding operation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a handheld laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles, comprising a welding gun head, the welding gun head is matched with a laser main machine, further comprising an arm fixing assembly, two handheld shells are arranged outside the welding gun head, the two handheld shells are fixedly connected with each other, the arm fixing assembly comprises a folding storage rack, the folding storage rack is installed between the two handheld shells through an electric actuator, two arc-shaped plates are rotatably connected in the folding storage rack, an installation cavity is arranged in the folding storage rack, an elastic binding belt is installed in the installation cavity, the elastic binding belt is used for winding and fixing the two arc-shaped plates relative to the arm of the operator, and an auxiliary support assembly is installed outside the two handheld shells.

[0007] Preferably, the electric actuator comprises a sliding seat and an electric telescopic rod, the sliding seat is slidingly connected between the two handheld shells, a fixed-point rotating seat is rotatably connected in the sliding seat, the main body of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the fixed-point rotating seat, a transmission rack is rotatably connected on the execution rod of the electric telescopic rod, the transmission rack is fixedly connected with a rotating column rack, the rotating column rack is rotatably connected in the sliding seat, the rotating column rack is fixedly connected with the folding storage rack, and an elastic limiting structure is installed in the sliding seat.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic limiting structure comprises a lifting strip column, the bottom end of the lifting strip column is fixedly connected with an elastic spring, the elastic spring is inserted into the sliding seat, the lifting strip column is in sliding cooperation with the sliding seat, the top end of the lifting strip column is provided with a beaded head, the two handheld shells are each provided with a guide groove matched with the beaded head, one end of each guide groove close to the welding gun head is provided with an insertion limiting groove, and one end of each guide groove away from the welding gun head is provided with an extraction limiting groove, the insertion limiting groove and the extraction limiting groove are matched with the lifting strip column.

[0009] Preferably, the auxiliary support assembly comprises a quick mounting frame and two support wheels, the quick mounting frame is sleeved outside the two handheld shells, the two handheld shells are each provided with a recessed groove, the two recessed grooves are jointly matched to form an embedding groove, a guide sleeve is arranged in the embedding groove, a limiting frame is slidably connected in the guide sleeve, an ejection spring is arranged between the limiting frame and the guide sleeve, the limiting frame is matched with the quick mounting frame, the two support wheels are each rotatably connected with a side support, rotating holes are formed in the two side supports, and pressure bolts are rotatably connected in the two rotating holes.

[0010] Preferably, the two arc-shaped plates are each fixedly connected with a connecting cylinder, the two connecting cylinders are each fixedly connected with a connecting shaft, and the two connecting shafts are each rotatably connected in the folding storage frame.

[0011] Preferably, an end slot is formed in the folding storage frame, two stepped blocks are arranged in the end slot, the two stepped blocks are each fixedly connected with a connecting shaft, the two stepped blocks are each sleeved with a damping spring, the two damping springs are each fixedly connected in the end slot, the two damping springs are each fixedly connected with a damping piece, and the two damping pieces are each matched with a stepped block.

[0012] Preferably, a hollow notch is arranged on one arc-shaped plate adjacent to the cavity opening, a first magic tape is arranged on a convex arc surface of the other arc-shaped plate, a second magic tape is arranged on the elastic binding belt, and the first magic tape is matched with the second magic tape.

[0013] Preferably, two edge strip grooves are arranged on the folding storage frame, and the two edge strip grooves facilitate the operation when the two arc-shaped plates are assisted to rotate out.

[0014] Preferably, a winding cylinder is rotatably connected in the mounting cavity, the elastic binding belt is wound and mounted on the winding cylinder, a conical spring is fixedly connected in the winding cylinder, and the conical spring is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity.

[0015] Preferably, a front extension frame is fixedly connected outside the two handheld shells, an adjusting frame is mounted in the front extension frame, a wire guide pipe is mounted in the adjusting frame, a chassis vehicle is mounted outside the laser main machine, an end support is arranged on the chassis vehicle, a digital display controller is mounted on the end support, and the digital display controller is electrically connected with the laser main machine to realize parameter control and display.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a handheld laser welder suitable for rail vehicles, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) In the present application, through the design of the arm fixing assembly, the arm of the operator is matched to form a binding fixed structure, which can realize the relative installation of the welding gun head relative to the arm, and provide a stable way for the welding gun head in addition to the hand holding posture.

[0018] (2) In the present application, through the design of the electric execution part, the welding gun head can be actively swung and driven relative to the arm of the operator, and then the swing trajectory is actively formed in cooperation with the broken line welding trajectory.

[0019] (3) In the present application, through the provision of the auxiliary support assembly, an auxiliary support function structure is provided for the welding gun head, which can reduce the fatigue degree of the operator, is more practical, and can improve the stability and operation efficiency of the welding operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooperation of the welding gun head, the hand-held shell and the folding storage rack of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooperation of the folding storage rack, the elastic binding belt and the sliding connecting seat of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of A in the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of B in the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of B in the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooperation of the folding storage rack, the elastic binding belt and the sliding connecting seat of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooperation of the folding storage rack, the elastic binding belt and the sliding connecting seat of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooperation of the folding storage rack, the elastic binding belt and the sliding connecting seat of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooperation of the folding storage rack, the elastic binding belt and the sliding connecting seat of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of C in the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of C in the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of D in the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure of D in the present application;

[0030] Figure 11 ​This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission frame and rotating column frame of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the invention viewed from below.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the welding torch head, handheld shell, and side support of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point E;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the handheld shell, quick-release frame, and front extension frame of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point F;

[0036] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the folding storage rack, elastic cable ties, and second Velcro fasteners of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the folding storage rack, rotating column frame, and connecting shaft of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding connecting seat and the elastic spring of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 20 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the welding torch head, handheld shell, and guide sleeve of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Welding torch head; 2. Laser main unit; 3. Handheld housing; 4. Folding storage rack; 5. Curved plate; 6. Mounting cavity; 7. Elastic binding strap; 8. Sliding seat; 9. Electric telescopic rod; 10. Fixed-point rotating seat; 11. Transmission frame; 12. Rotating column frame; 13. Lifting bar column; 14. Elastic spring; 15. Shrinking edge head; 16. Guide groove; 17. Insertion limit groove; 18. Extraction limit groove; 19. Quick-installation frame; 20. Support wheel; 21. Recessed groove; 22. 23. Guide sleeve; 24. Limiting bracket; 25. Side bracket; 26. Clamping bolt; 27. Connecting cylinder; 28. Connecting shaft; 29. ​​End groove; 30. Step block; 31. Damping spring; 32. Damping plate; 33. Hollow notch; 34. First Velcro; 35. Second Velcro; 36. Side strip groove; 37. Winding cylinder; 38. Conical spring; 39. Forward extension frame; 40. Adjusting frame; 41. Guide wire tube; 42. Chassis; 43. End bracket; 44. Digital display controller. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] Embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-20 A handheld laser welding device for rail vehicles, comprising a welding torch head 1, a laser main machine 2 matched with the welding torch head 1, and an arm fixing assembly, two handheld shells 3 are arranged outside the welding torch head 1, and the two handheld shells 3 are fixedly connected with each other, the arm fixing assembly comprises a folding storage rack 4, the folding storage rack 4 is installed between the two handheld shells 3 through an electric actuator, the electric actuator comprises a sliding connecting seat 8 and an electric telescopic rod 9, the sliding connecting seat 8 is slidingly connected between the two handheld shells 3, a fixed-point rotating seat 10 is rotatably connected in the sliding connecting seat 8, the main body of the electric telescopic rod 9 is fixedly connected with the fixed-point rotating seat 10, a transmission rack 11 is rotatably connected on the actuator rod of the electric telescopic rod 9, the transmission rack 11 is fixedly connected with a rotating column rack 12, the rotating column rack 12 is rotatably connected in the sliding connecting seat 8, the rotating column rack 12 is fixedly connected with the folding storage rack 4, an elastic limiting structure is installed in the sliding connecting seat 8, the elastic limiting structure comprises a lifting strip column 13, the bottom end of the lifting strip column 13 is fixedly connected with an elastic spring 14, the elastic spring 14 is inserted into the sliding connecting seat 8, the lifting strip column 13 is in sliding fit with the sliding connecting seat 8, a shrinkage head 15 is arranged at the top end of the lifting strip column 13, a guide groove 16 matched with the shrinkage head 15 is arranged on each of the two handheld shells 3, an insertion limiting groove 17 is arranged on each of the guide grooves 16 close to one end of the welding torch head 1, and an extraction limiting groove 18 is arranged on each of the guide grooves 16 away from the welding torch head 1, the insertion limiting groove 17 and the extraction limiting groove 18 are matched with the lifting strip column 13, through the design of the electric actuator, active swinging driving of the welding torch head 1 relative to the operator's arm can be realized, and then a swinging track is actively formed in cooperation with a folding linear welding track.

[0043] It should be further explained that two arc-shaped plates 5 are rotatably connected inside the folding storage rack 4. Each arc-shaped plate 5 is fixedly connected to a connecting cylinder 26, and each connecting cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft 27. Both connecting shafts 27 are rotatably connected inside the folding storage rack 4. The folding storage rack 4 has an installation cavity 6, and an elastic strap 7 is installed inside the installation cavity 6. A winding cylinder 36 is rotatably connected inside the installation cavity 6, and the elastic strap 7 is wound around the winding cylinder 36. A conical spring 37 is fixedly connected inside the winding cylinder 36, and the conical spring 37 is fixedly connected inside the installation cavity 6. The elastic strap 7 is used to wrap and fix the two arc-shaped plates 5 relative to the operator's arm. The arm-fixing component is designed to secure the operator's arm, enabling the welding torch head 1 to be mounted relative to the arm. This provides a stable method for the welding torch head 1 besides the hand grip posture. The folding storage rack 4 has an end slot 28, within which two stepped blocks 29 are installed. Each stepped block 29 is fixedly connected to two connecting shafts 27. Each stepped block 29 is fitted with a damping spring 30, which is fixedly connected within the end slot 28. Each damping spring 30 is fixedly connected to a damping plate 31, which matches the two stepped blocks 29. When the arc plate 5 rotates for adjustment, the connecting shaft 2... 7 rotates synchronously with the accompanying arc-shaped plate 5 via the connecting cylinder 26. Since the damping spring 30 can push the damping plate 31 to press against the stepped block 29, there is a certain rotational friction between the damping plate 31 and the stepped block 29. Under the action of this rotational friction, the rotational freedom between the connecting shaft 27 and the folding storage rack 4 is restricted, ultimately limiting the rotational angle between the arc-shaped plate 5 and the folding storage rack 4 after adjustment. A hollow notch 32 is provided on one arc-shaped plate 5 adjacent to the opening of the mounting cavity 6, and a first Velcro 33 is provided on the raised arc surface of the other arc-shaped plate 5. A second Velcro 34 is provided on the elastic strap 7. The first hook and loop fastener 33 is matched with the second hook and loop fastener 34. In actual use, the arc-shaped plate 5 with the hollow notch 32 can provide storage space for the second hook and loop fastener 34. When it is necessary to tie the two arc-shaped plates 5 relative to the operator's arm, first rotate both arc-shaped plates 5 relative to the folding storage rack 4, and then pull out the elastic binding strap 7. The elastic binding strap 7 is used to wrap the arc-shaped plate 5 with the hollow notch 32, the operator's arm and the arc-shaped plate 5 with the first hook and loop fastener 33 in turn. After the wrapping is completed, the first hook and loop fastener 33 and the second hook and loop fastener 34 form a connection and positioning of the elastic binding strap 7 relative to the arc-shaped plate 5 with the first hook and loop fastener 33.

[0044] Furthermore, auxiliary support components are installed on the outside of the two handheld shells 3. These components include a quick-release frame 19 and two support wheels 20. The quick-release frame 19 is fitted onto the two handheld shells 3. Each handheld shell 3 has a recessed groove 21, which together form an embedded groove. A guide sleeve 22 is installed within the embedded groove. A limit frame 23 is slidably connected within the guide sleeve 22. A push-out spring is installed between the limit frame 23 and the guide sleeve 22. The limit frame 23 matches the quick-release frame 19. Side brackets 24 are rotatably connected to the outside of each support wheel 20. Each side bracket 24 has a rotating hole, and a clamping bolt 25 is rotatably connected within each rotating hole. Both clamping bolts 25 are threaded onto the quick-release frame 19. The connection, through the configuration of auxiliary support components, provides an auxiliary support structure for the welding torch head 1, reducing operator fatigue and improving the stability and efficiency of welding operations while being more practical. The folding storage rack 4 is provided with two side slots 35, which facilitate the operation of the two arc plates 5 when rotating out. The two handheld shells 3 are fixedly connected to the front extension frame 38, and the front extension frame 38 is equipped with an adjustment frame 39, which is equipped with a wire guide tube 40. The laser host 2 is equipped with a chassis 41, and the chassis 41 is equipped with an end bracket 42. The end bracket 42 is equipped with a digital display controller 43, which is electrically connected to the laser host 2 to realize parameter control and display.

[0045] In this embodiment, the welding torch head 1, laser host 2, electric telescopic rod 9, and digital display controller 43 are all commercially available conventional devices known to those skilled in the art. In this invention, we only use them without making any improvements to their structure or function. Their setting method, installation method, and electrical connection method can be easily explained by those skilled in the art by following the instructions for use. Therefore, we will not elaborate on them here.

[0046] In summary, the working principle of this handheld laser welding device for rail vehicles is as follows: Before use, the welding torch head 1 and the laser host 2 must be installed relative to each other, ensuring the connection of their optical, water, and air paths. The electric telescopic rod 9 should be a product with force monitoring capabilities. For ease of description of the driving force detection module inside the electric telescopic rod 9, we name it the follow-up sensor. The electric telescopic rod 9, the follow-up sensor, the laser host 2, and the welding torch head 1 are all electrically connected to the digital display controller 43 to facilitate the reading and control of the operating parameters of the electric telescopic rod 9, the follow-up sensor, the laser host 2, and the welding torch head 1 through the digital display controller 43. Installation complete. Afterwards, operation and debugging should be carried out. During the debugging process, the power supply of the laser host 2 should be turned on to realize the trial operation of the laser host 2, so as to verify that when the laser host 2 is running, the welding gun head 1 can respond to the operation of the laser host 2 and adjust the laser output and attitude accordingly. In actual use, if it is used in a small area and for a short time, the operator only needs to hold the two hand-held shells 3 to form a grip by adjusting the degree of bending of the fingers to form a stable grip on the two hand-held shells 3. Then turn on the laser host 2 and adjust the output parameters of the laser host 2 through the digital display controller 43. After the adjustment is completed, the fingers on the palm holding the hand-held shells 3 form the switch matching the welding gun head 1 to form the light output control of the welding gun head 1. When the laser... When the host machine 2 receives the laser emission command from the welding torch head 1, the laser host 2 is powered on to generate laser light to control the formation of a laser spot through the welding torch head 1. The distance between the welding torch head 1 and the target workpiece is adjusted by the operator's hand movements, and this distance is maintained to achieve laser welding operations. Since the carriages in rail vehicles are generally long, and a rail vehicle train requires multiple carriages, the demand for welding is huge, and the cumulative welding length requirement is also large. Therefore, long-distance welding is quite common. To facilitate long-distance welding operations, when performing long-distance welding and when there are many straight weld seams on the target workpiece, the relative positions of the two support wheels 20 and the welding torch head 1 can be pre-adjusted. When adjusting the support wheels 20, firstly, relative to the quick-release mechanism... Rotate the frame 19 to adjust the clamping bolt 25, so that the clamping limit of the clamping bolt 25 on the side bracket 24 is invalidated. Then, the side bracket 24 can be rotated relative to the quick-assembly frame 19 to adjust the relative position between the support wheel 20 and the welding gun head 1, thereby adjusting the support height of the support wheel 20 on the welding gun head 1. When the two support wheels 20 are in contact with the welding target, the welding gun head 1 and the welding seam on the welding target have a suitable focusing distance. Then, with the two support wheels 20 as support, the welding operation can be completed by simply dragging the welding gun head 1 by hand. During the operation, due to the support of the two support wheels 20, the light spot output by the welding gun head 1 can be focused relatively stably on the welding trajectory of the two welding target parts.

[0047] During welding operations, the arm-fixing component can also be used to secure the operator's arm, allowing the operator to use their arm to assist in lifting and controlling the welding torch head 1. This reduces the requirements for hand grip and wrist stability, alleviating operator fatigue. After the folding storage rack 4 is fully inserted into the space between the two handheld shells 3, the lifting column 13 will correspondingly extend into the insertion limit groove 17. In this state, the stability of the folding storage rack 4 after being fully inserted into the space between the two handheld shells 3 can be guaranteed. The securing operation is as follows: relative to the sliding connecting seat 8, the spring 14 overcomes the spring. Press down on the lifting column 13 to completely retract it from the insertion limit groove 17. Maintain the downward state of the lifting column 13 and move the folding head 15 to enter the guide groove 16 until the folding head 15 enters the withdrawal limit groove 18. Maintain the state of the folding head 15 entering the withdrawal limit groove 18 and reduce the downward pressure on the lifting column 13. Under the pushing action of the elastic spring 14, the lifting column 13 is pushed into the withdrawal limit groove 18 to stabilize the relative position of the sliding connecting seat 8 between the two handheld shells 3. In this state, the folding storage rack 4 will be fully pushed. Create space between the two handheld shells 3, then push the two curved plates 5 to fold out relative to the storage rack 4. Next, the operator holds the two handheld shells 3, then adjusts the two curved plates 5 to fit snugly against the operator's arm. Finally, pull out the elastic strap 7, securing the two curved plates 5 against the operator's arm. Because the elastic strap 7 is made of elastic and stretchable material, once it is securely tied to the operator's arm, it will not significantly affect arm movement. This also takes into account the individual needs of different operators. Due to differences in body shape, the way the first Velcro 33 and the second Velcro 34 are attached together can be adapted to arms of different thicknesses. In addition, multiple pull-out limiting grooves 18 can be set to adapt to the distance from the thumb to the wrist of different operators. After binding, the rotating column frame 12 should fit with the operator's wrist so that when the operator holds the two hand-held shells 3, the wrist movement and the adjustment between the sliding seat 8 and the folding storage frame 4 can form a vertical fit in space, which is convenient for the operator to adjust the posture between the welding gun head 1 and the arm.

[0048] After the two arc-shaped plates 5 are secured relative to the operator's arm, if the welding trajectory is still a straight line, the two support wheels 20 can still be used for auxiliary support. If the welding trajectory is a linear structure with fewer straight lines, in order to avoid the two support wheels 20 affecting the movement of the welding torch head 1, the positions of the two support wheels 20 need to be adjusted relative to the welding torch head 1. This allows the two support wheels 20 to rotate and rise relative to the welding torch head 1 for storage, reducing the impact of the two support wheels 20 on the welding operation of the welding torch head 1. Then, the electric telescopic rod 9 is activated. The operation of the electric telescopic rod 9 enables the active adjustment of the relative angle between the folding storage rack 4 and the sliding seat 8. The electric telescopic rod 9 operates in two ways: one is a follow-up operation mode. In this mode, since the electric telescopic rod 9 is equipped with a follow-up sensor, the follow-up sensor controls the actuator of the electric telescopic rod 9. By monitoring the radial pressure changes, the movement trend of the operator's wrist can be determined, and the operation control of the actuator of the electric telescopic rod 9 can be formed according to the movement trend to improve the convenience of the operator's wrist movement in adjusting the posture of the welding torch head 1. Another operating mode of the electric telescopic rod 9 is that when welding between two welding targets requires the welding torch head 1 to swing in a zigzag manner, the electric telescopic rod 9 no longer responds to the pressure value of the follow-up sensor. The electric telescopic rod 9 actively runs to realize the active swing drive of the sliding seat 8 relative to the folding storage frame 4, and then realizes the active movement drive of the handheld shell 3 relative to the operator's arm. Through the repeated movement of the actuator of the electric telescopic rod 9, the reciprocating swing motion of the welding torch head 1 can be realized, which helps the welding torch head 1 form a zigzag welding trajectory. This welding trajectory is also suitable for welding operation environments where the welding gap is large and welding wire needs to be replenished.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A handheld laser welding machine suitable for rail vehicles, comprising a welding torch (1), wherein the welding torch (1) is equipped with a laser host (2), characterized in that, It also includes an arm fixing assembly. Two hand-held shells (3) are provided outside the welding gun head (1). The two hand-held shells (3) are fixedly connected to each other. The arm fixing assembly includes a folding storage frame (4). The folding storage frame (4) is installed between the two hand-held shells (3) through an electric actuator. Two arc-shaped plates (5) are rotatably connected inside the folding storage frame (4). An installation cavity (6) is provided inside the folding storage frame (4). An elastic strap (7) is installed inside the installation cavity (6). The elastic strap (7) is used to wrap and fix the two arc-shaped plates (5) relative to the operator's arm. An auxiliary support assembly is installed outside the two hand-held shells (3). The electric actuator includes a sliding seat (8) and an electric telescopic rod (9). The sliding seat (8) is slidably connected between two handheld shells (3). A fixed-point rotating seat (10) is rotatably connected inside the sliding seat (8). The main body of the electric telescopic rod (9) is fixedly connected to the fixed-point rotating seat (10). A transmission frame (11) is rotatably connected to the actuator of the electric telescopic rod (9). A rotating column frame (12) is fixedly connected to the transmission frame (11). The rotating column frame (12) is rotatably connected inside the sliding seat (8). The rotating column frame (12) is fixedly connected to the folding storage rack (4). An elastic limiting structure is installed inside the sliding seat (8). The auxiliary support assembly includes a quick-release frame (19) and two support wheels (20). The quick-release frame (19) is fitted over the two handheld shells (3). Both handheld shells (3) are provided with recessed grooves (21). The two recessed grooves (21) cooperate to form an embedded groove. A guide sleeve (22) is provided in the embedded groove. A limit frame (23) is slidably connected in the guide sleeve (22). A push-out spring is provided between the limit frame (23) and the guide sleeve (22). The limit frame (23) matches the quick-release frame (19). Side brackets (24) are rotatably connected to the outside of the two support wheels (20). Rotation holes are provided on the two side brackets (24). A clamping bolt (25) is rotatably connected in the two rotation holes. The two clamping bolts (25) are threadedly connected to the quick-release frame (19).

2. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic limiting structure includes a lifting bar column (13), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to an elastic spring (14), the elastic spring (14) is inserted into the sliding seat (8), the lifting bar column (13) and the sliding seat (8) are in sliding fit, the top end of the lifting bar column (13) is provided with a tapered head (15), both of the two hand-held shells (3) are provided with guide grooves (16) that match the tapered head (15), each of the guide grooves (16) is provided with an insertion limiting groove (17) at one end near the welding gun head (1), and each of the guide grooves (16) is provided with an extraction limiting groove (18) at one end away from the welding gun head (1), the insertion limiting groove (17) and the extraction limiting groove (18) are both matched with the lifting bar column (13).

3. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both of the arc-shaped plates (5) are fixedly connected to a connecting cylinder (26), and both of the connecting cylinders (26) are fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (27). Both of the connecting shafts (27) are rotatably connected to the folding storage rack (4).

4. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The folding storage rack (4) has an end slot (28) with two step blocks (29) inside. The two step blocks (29) are fixedly connected to the two connecting shafts (27) respectively. Each step block (29) is fitted with a damping spring (30). The two damping springs (30) are fixedly connected inside the end slot (28). Each damping spring (30) is fixedly connected with a damping plate (31). The two damping plates (31) are matched with the two step blocks (29) respectively.

5. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, A hollow notch (32) is provided on one arc-shaped plate (5) adjacent to the cavity opening of the mounting cavity (6), and a first hook and loop fastener (33) is provided on the raised arc surface of the other arc-shaped plate (5), and a second hook and loop fastener (34) is provided on the elastic strap (7), with the first hook and loop fastener (33) and the second hook and loop fastener (34) matching.

6. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The folding storage rack (4) is provided with two side grooves (35), which facilitate the operation of the two arc plates (5) when they are rotated out.

7. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, A winding cylinder (36) is rotatably connected inside the mounting cavity (6). The elastic binding tape (7) is wound and installed on the winding cylinder (36). A conical spring (37) is fixedly connected inside the winding cylinder (36). The conical spring (37) is fixedly connected inside the mounting cavity (6).

8. A handheld laser welding machine for rail vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two handheld shells (3) are fixedly connected to a front extension frame (38). An adjustment frame (39) is installed inside the front extension frame (38). A guide wire tube (40) is installed inside the adjustment frame (39). A chassis (41) is installed outside the laser host (2). An end bracket (42) is provided on the chassis (41). A digital display controller (43) is installed on the end bracket (42). The digital display controller (43) is electrically connected to the laser host (2) to realize parameter control and display.

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