Closed 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition function and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to closed 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition and a method thereof.The closed 3D printing equipment comprises a printing cabin, the whole printing cabin is in a cube shape, and a cabin door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the front end of the printing cabin; an electromagnetic lock is arranged on the inner side of the cabin door, so that a sealed 3D printing space is formed when the cabin door is closed; a sealing rubber strip is adhered to the butt joint surface of the cabin door and the printing cabin body in a surrounding manner; a transparent observation window is embedded in the upper middle part of the cabin door; a printing mechanism is installed in the printing cabin, and an intelligent image recognition module is arranged in the center of the top in the printing cabin. A consumable supply mechanism is arranged at the side end of the printing mechanism in a matched mode, a temperature control system and a control system are further integrated at the rear end in the printing cabin, and a display screen assembly is arranged on the outer side of the printing cabin. Through multi-structure collaboration and automatic process design, the printing environment stability, the printing quality precision and the operation convenience are remarkably improved, and the system is suitable for the fields of industrial manufacturing, scientific research and the like needing high-precision and high-quality printing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a closed 3D printing device with intelligent image recognition and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of 3D printing technology, its application in various industries is becoming more and more widespread, but the existing 3D printing equipment still has many shortcomings, and it is difficult to meet the printing requirements of high precision and high stability. First, most traditional 3D printing devices adopt an open or semi-open structure, and the dust generated during the printing process is easy to spread to the surrounding environment, and the volatile gas released when the consumables are melted is directly leaked, which not only pollutes the environment, but also easily affects the health of the operators. Secondly, the temperature in the printing cabin is not effectively controlled, and the fluctuation of the environmental temperature easily leads to defects such as layer peeling and warping of the printed parts, especially for temperature-sensitive consumables. Thirdly, the existing equipment generally lacks real-time and accurate printing quality monitoring means, and defects such as uneven layer thickness and material shortage caused by nozzle blockage during the printing process are often discovered after the printing is completed, causing waste of materials and time. In addition, the supply of consumables often appears to be offset and bent due to unstable conveying path, affecting the continuity of the supply; the leveling of the lifting platform depends on manual operation, which is low in precision and time-consuming; when the equipment fails, it is difficult for the user to quickly locate the fault cause, and the maintenance efficiency is low; at the same time, the printed parts are prone to deformation after printing due to insufficient cooling, and the cleaning of residual consumables in the nozzle is complicated, which further affects the subsequent printing quality and the convenience of equipment maintenance. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve some problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a closed 3D printing device with intelligent image recognition, which significantly improves the printing environment stability, printing quality precision and operation convenience through multi-structure collaborative design, and is suitable for industrial manufacturing and scientific research fields that require high precision and high quality printing.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides a closed 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition, comprising a printing cabin body, which is in the shape of a cube as a whole, and is provided with a cabin door which can be opened and closed at the front end; an electromagnetic lock is arranged on the inner side of the cabin door to form a sealed 3D printing space when closed; a sealing rubber strip is bonded around the interface of the cabin door and the printing cabin body to isolate dust and reduce volatile gas leakage; a transparent observation window is embedded in the middle of the cabin door to facilitate observation of the internal printing condition; a printing mechanism is installed in the printing cabin body to perform 3D printing operation; an intelligent image recognition module is arranged at the central position of the top of the printing cabin body to collect and identify images of the printed part in real time during 3D printing to monitor the printing quality, layer thickness consistency and other printing states; a consumable supply mechanism is arranged at the side end of the printing mechanism to stably provide printing consumables for the printing mechanism; a temperature control system and a control system are further integrated at the rear end of the printing cabin body, the temperature control system is used to adjust the temperature inside the printing cabin body to ensure that the printing process is carried out in a suitable temperature environment, and to avoid printing defects caused by temperature fluctuations, and the control system is electrically connected with each part through internal wiring to receive data and control the cooperative operation of each part according to the preset program or real-time adjusted parameters; a display screen assembly is arranged on the outer side of the printing cabin body to display the state and realize man-machine interaction.

[0005] An advantage of the present application is that the closed printing cabin in the shape of a cube, combined with the electromagnetic lock inside the cabin door and the sealing rubber strip around the docking surface, can form a stable and sealed printing space, isolate the external dust from entering, and significantly reduce the leakage of volatile gases generated by the melting of consumables. At the same time, the transparent observation window in the middle of the cabin door can facilitate the user to observe the internal printing status in real time without breaking the seal. The intelligent image recognition module in the center of the top of the printing cabin ensures the stable operation of the ARM architecture embedded image processor and the industrial camera through the aluminum alloy shell heat dissipation fin, and cooperates with the annular light supplement component and the LED lamp group that can independently adjust the brightness, to accurately collect the printing process images and perform grayscale, edge detection and other processing, realize real-time monitoring of printing quality and layer thickness consistency, and timely find printing defects. The integrated temperature control system uses a centrifugal cooling fan and a directional air duct component, combined with a temperature sensor, to accurately adjust the temperature in the cabin according to the printing requirements, avoiding printing defects caused by temperature fluctuations. The printing mechanism improves the stability of the mounting bracket through the reinforced connecting block, the lifting platform assembly realizes automatic and accurate leveling with the help of sensors and electric leveling knobs, and the printhead assembly realizes millimeter-level horizontal movement through the horizontal slider drive motor and the embedded drive motor, ensuring printing precision and stability. The consumable supply mechanism uses a triangular stable structure connecting tripod, cooperates with the consumable monitoring sensor and the guide conveying assembly, can realize stable conveying of consumables, avoid deviation and bending, and the control system has a fault self-diagnosis function, can automatically record fault codes and display troubleshooting suggestions, reducing maintenance difficulty, and the display screen assembly on the outside provides intuitive status display and human-computer interaction, improving the practicality, stability and operation convenience of the equipment.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present application, in order to ensure printing accuracy and improve the stability and printing coverage of the printing mechanism, the printing mechanism includes a bottom plate, which is horizontally fixed to the inside bottom of the printing cabin through expansion bolts; an installation rack is arranged on the bottom plate, and a reinforced connecting block is installed at the connection between the installation rack and the bottom plate to prevent the installation rack from deviating due to vibration during printing; a lifting platform assembly is slidingly installed on the installation rack, and a lifting platform assembly drive motor is installed on the bottom plate; a connecting shaft is arranged on the output end of the lifting platform assembly drive motor and connected with the lifting platform assembly through the connecting shaft, and the lifting platform assembly drive motor drives the lifting platform assembly to move vertically along the height direction of the installation rack; a printhead assembly is arranged on the upper part of the installation rack, and the printhead assembly can move horizontally along the length and width directions of the installation rack, and the moving stroke is consistent with the length and width of the installation rack, realizing full coverage of the printing area of the lifting platform assembly by the printhead assembly.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present application, in order to realize high-precision horizontal printing path adjustment, improve the printing head movement precision and path controllability; the printing head assembly comprises horizontally symmetrically arranged horizontal sliders, horizontal through holes are formed in the horizontal sliders and the horizontal sliders are sleeved on the mounting frame through the horizontal through holes; a plurality of connecting light rods are arranged between the horizontal sliders, a printing head is sleeved on the connecting light rods; a horizontal slider driving motor is further arranged on the horizontal slider in cooperation, the horizontal slider driving motor drives the horizontal slider and the printing head to move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the connecting light rods; an embedded driving motor is arranged in the printing head, the printing head can smoothly slide along the connecting light rod in the axial direction through the embedded driving motor; a connecting wire is further arranged on the printing head and connected with the control system through the connecting wire, the movement distance and speed of the printing head are accurately controlled, and the horizontal printing path adjustment with millimeter-level precision is realized.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, in order to realize automatic horizontal calibration and height adjustment of the lifting platform, avoid uneven thickness of the printed part; the lifting platform assembly comprises vertically symmetrically arranged vertical sliders, vertical through holes are formed in the vertical sliders and the vertical sliders are sleeved on the mounting frame through the vertical through holes; a first connecting plate is arranged between the vertical sliders, a plurality of sensors and auxiliary guide fixed blocks are arranged on the two end side walls of the first connecting plate respectively; the output end of the lifting platform assembly driving motor is connected with the auxiliary guide fixed blocks, the sensors are infrared displacement sensors, which are used for collecting the lifting height data of the lifting platform assembly in real time and transmitting the data to the control system; a second connecting plate is installed on the vertical slider, a lifting platform is connected and arranged on the second connecting plate; a plurality of leveling knobs are further arranged between the second connecting plate and the lifting platform, the leveling knobs pass through the second connecting plate by threads and abut against the lower bottom surface of the lifting platform; the leveling knobs can be rotated and are electrically leveled, which are used for fine-tuning the height of the corresponding angle of the lifting platform, so that the lifting platform remains in a horizontal state and avoids uneven thickness of the printed part caused by the inclination of the platform.

[0009] As a further improvement of the application, in order to quickly export the working heat, ensure the stable operation of the components, and improve the stability of the module; at the same time, improve the image acquisition clarity under different printing environments; the intelligent image recognition module comprises a mounting shell, an embedded image processor and an industrial camera arranged in the mounting shell, and a mounting cover which can be clamped on the upper end of the mounting shell; an annular light supplement assembly is arranged outside the industrial camera, a plurality of LED lamp groups are uniformly and spacedly arranged in the annular light supplement assembly; the mounting shell is made of aluminum alloy, and the inner wall is provided with heat dissipation fins, which can quickly export the heat generated by the embedded image processor and the industrial camera during operation; the embedded image processor is an ARM architecture processor, which is connected with the industrial camera, the LED lamp group and the control system through data cables, can receive the printing process images collected by the industrial camera, and after processing such as greying and edge detection, transmits the processing results to the control system; the annular light supplement assembly is made of white diffuse reflection material, and the brightness of the LED lamp group can be independently adjusted; the mounting cover and the mounting shell can be adaptively clamped, and the components in the mounting shell are protected.

[0010] As a further improvement of the application, in order to avoid deviation or bending of the consumables during conveying, ensure the continuity and stability of the supply; the consumable supply mechanism comprises a connecting tripod, the connecting tripod is a triangular stable structure, and the upper end is fixedly connected with the mounting frame; a feeding motor and a consumable winding wheel are mounted on the two sides of the connecting tripod, and the output shaft of the feeding motor is connected with the center of the consumable winding wheel through a shaft coupling; the consumable winding wheel is wound with consumables, and the feeding motor drives the consumable winding wheel to rotate, so as to realize the conveying of the consumables; a consumable monitoring sensor and a consumable guiding conveying assembly are further arranged on the consumable conveying path, which are respectively used for monitoring the state of the consumables and guiding the conveying direction of the consumables, so as to avoid deviation or bending of the consumables during conveying.

[0011] As a further improvement of the application, in order to realize directional export of the heat of the heating components, avoid printing defects caused by temperature fluctuation; the temperature control system comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fans arranged at the rear end of the printing cabin, a air duct assembly connected with the heat dissipation fans, and a temperature sensor arranged in the printing cabin; the heat dissipation fan is a centrifugal fan, the air inlet of which faces the inside of the printing cabin, and the air outlet is connected with the air duct assembly; the air duct assembly extends outward along the back of the printing cabin, and can directionally transport the heat of the heating components to the outside; the temperature sensor is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, which are used for collecting real-time temperature data of each region and transmitting the temperature data to the control system.

[0012] As a further improvement of the application, in order to reduce the difficulty of troubleshooting and improve the equipment maintenance efficiency; the control system is also provided with a fault self-diagnosis function, which can automatically record the fault code when detecting the fault of a component, and display the fault reason and troubleshooting suggestion through the display screen assembly, so as to facilitate the user to quickly repair.

[0013] The application also provides a closed 3D printing method with intelligent image recognition. The method has high automation degree, reduces the difficulty of user operation, guarantees the stability and reliability of printing quality through monitoring and control of the whole process, improves the printing efficiency, and improves the convenience of equipment maintenance. The method comprises the following steps: Step one: device initialization. The user winds the consumables on the consumable winding wheel, passes the free end of the consumables through the consumable detection sensor and the consumable guiding and conveying assembly in turn, and finally inserts the free end into the feeding port of the print head. The control system is operated through the display screen assembly to start the device self-checking program. The control system controls the sensors to collect initial data. If it is detected that the consumables are sufficient, the temperatures of the components are normal, and the lifting platform is in the initial position, the self-checking is passed. If an abnormality is detected, the display screen assembly displays abnormal information. After the user eliminates the abnormality, the self-checking is restarted. Step two: printing parameter setting and model import. The user imports the 3D printing model file through the display screen assembly or connects an external terminal to set the printing layer thickness, printing speed, target temperature in the printing cabin, and other parameters. At the same time, the shooting parameters of the intelligent image recognition module are set through the control system, including the focal length of the industrial camera, the shooting frame rate, and the initial brightness of the LED lamp group. Step three: printing preparation. The control system controls the driving motor of the lifting platform assembly to start according to the set printing parameters, drives the vertical slider to move along the vertical direction of the mounting frame, adjusts the height of the lifting platform, and makes the distance between the lifting platform and the print head meet the printing layer thickness requirement. Then, the control system controls the leveling knob and adjusts the lifting platform to the horizontal state combined with the lifting height data collected by the sensor. After the adjustment is completed, the user closes the cabin door, the electromagnetic lock is automatically locked, and the sealing rubber strip forms a seal to prevent external impurities from entering. Step four: print process execution and real-time monitoring, the control system controls the print head to heat to the preset temperature, and controls the cooling fan of the cooling system to start at the same time, combined with the temperature sensor data in the printing cabin, adjusts the cooling fan speed, so that the temperature in the printing cabin is maintained at the target temperature; start the feeding motor, and feed the consumables to the print head according to the preset feeding speed, and the consumables are extruded from the nozzle after being melted in the print head; at the same time, the control system controls the horizontal slider drive motor to drive the horizontal slider and the print head to move along the horizontal vertical direction of the connecting light pole, and the embedded drive motor drives the print head to slide along the axis of the connecting light pole; the control system controls the lifting platform assembly drive motor to drive the lifting platform to ascend and descend, realizes the cooperative movement of the print head and the lifting platform, and performs layer-by-layer printing according to the model path; in this process, the intelligent image recognition module continuously works, the annular light supplement assembly and the LED lamp group are turned on, the industrial camera collects printing layer images according to the preset frame rate, and the images are transmitted to the embedded image processor; the embedded image processor performs grayscale processing, edge detection, defect identification and the like on the images, and transmits the processing results to the control system in real time; if the processing result is normal, the printing continues, and the display screen assembly displays the printing progress, the current printing layer thickness, the temperature of each component, and the real-time image collected by the industrial camera; if the processing result is that there is a defect, the control system immediately controls the equipment to pause printing, the display screen assembly displays the defect type and the defect position, and prompts the user to check; Step five: printing completion and cooling, when the number of printing layers reaches the total number of model layers, the control system controls the print head to stop extruding consumables, and the feeding motor stops feeding; the horizontal slider and the lifting platform are reset to the initial position; then, the control system controls the cooling fan of the cooling system to continue to work, and cools the printed part; the cooling time is set according to the size of the printed part, and during the cooling process, the temperature sensor collects the temperature near the printed part in real time, and when the temperature drops to room temperature, the cooling fan stops working; Step six: printed part taking out and equipment cleaning, the control system controls the electromagnetic lock to be unlocked, and prompts the user that the printing is completed; the user opens the cabin door and takes out the printed part on the lifting platform; then, the user can start the equipment cleaning program through the display screen assembly, the control system controls the print head to heat to a certain temperature, that is, slightly higher than the normal working temperature of the nozzle, controls the feeding motor to rotate in reverse direction, and extrudes the residual consumables in the print head, and completes the nozzle cleaning; after the cleaning is completed, the power of the equipment is turned off, and the printing process is ended.

[0014] Another benefit of the present application is that the device self-checking procedure in the initialization stage can quickly confirm the initial state of consumable reserves, component temperature, and lifting platform position through each sensor, exclude abnormalities in advance, and avoid mid-printing failure; the printing parameter setting link supports user import of model files and flexible configuration of printing layer thickness, speed, in-cabin target temperature, and shooting parameters of the intelligent image recognition module, and adapts to different consumables and printing needs; the printing preparation stage automatically adjusts the lifting platform height and levelness without manual operation, and ensures accurate initial printing conditions; in the printing process, the printing head and the lifting platform realize layer-by-layer printing through coordinated movement, while the intelligent image recognition module collects and analyzes images in real time, pauses and prompts immediately upon finding defects, reduces material and time waste, and the temperature control system dynamically adjusts the fan speed according to the temperature sensor data to maintain the in-cabin constant temperature; after printing is completed, the cooling fan is automatically controlled to continue working until the printed part cools to room temperature, avoiding deformation caused by insufficient cooling, and the subsequent device cleaning program automatically extrudes residual consumables through the heating nozzle and reverse rotation of the feeding motor, simplifying the nozzle cleaning process.

[0015] When the present application is in operation, the user first winds the consumables on the consumable winding wheel, inserts them into the printing head feeding port through the consumable monitoring sensor and the consumable guiding and conveying assembly, and then starts the device self-checking procedure through the display screen assembly. The control system controls each sensor to collect initial data, detects consumable reserves, component temperature, and lifting platform position, and if there is an abnormality, the display screen assembly displays abnormal information. After the user eliminates the abnormality, the device is rechecked. After the self-checking is passed, the user imports the 3D printing model file and sets the printing layer thickness, speed, and in-cabin target temperature parameters, and sets the shooting parameters of the intelligent image recognition module. The control system adjusts the lifting platform height and level state according to the parameters. Then the user closes the cabin door, the electromagnetic lock is locked, the sealing rubber strip is sealed, the control system controls the printing head heating, the cooling system starts and adjusts the rotation speed of the cooling fan to maintain the target temperature. In the process, the feeding motor feeds the consumables to the printing head for melting and extrusion, the horizontal slider drive motor and the embedded drive motor drive the printing head to move, and the lifting platform assembly drive motor drives the lifting platform to lift, realizing coordinated movement for layer-by-layer printing. The intelligent image recognition module continuously collects images and transmits them to the embedded image processor for processing. If the processing result is normal, the printing continues, and if there is a defect, the printing is paused and the user is prompted. After printing is completed, the control system controls the printing head to stop extrusion, the feeding motor to stop feeding, the horizontal slider and the lifting platform to reset, and the cooling system to continue working to cool the printed part. When the temperature drops to room temperature, the cooling fan stops, the control system controls the electromagnetic lock to be unlocked to indicate that the printing is completed, the user opens the cabin door to take out the printed part, and starts the cleaning program through the display screen assembly. The control system controls the printing head heating and the feeding motor to reverse rotation to extrude residual consumables. After the nozzle cleaning is completed, the power of the device is turned off, and the entire printing work process is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present application is further described below in conjunction with the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the structure of the printing mechanism in the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the structure of the print head assembly in the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the structure of the lifting platform assembly in the present application Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the structure of the lifting platform assembly in the present application Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the structure of the intelligent image recognition module in the present application.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a bottom view of the intelligent image recognition module in the present application.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a schematic view of the structure of the consumable supply mechanism in the present application.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a schematic view of the workflow of the present application.

[0027] Wherein, 1 print cabin body, 11 cabin door, 12 sealing rubber strip, 13 transparent glass, 14 electromagnetic lock, 2 printing mechanism, 21 bottom plate, 22 mounting frame, 23 reinforced connecting block, 24 lifting platform assembly driving motor, 25 connecting shaft, 26 print head assembly, 261 horizontal sliding block, 262 horizontal through hole, 263 connecting light pole, 264 print head, 265 horizontal sliding block driving motor, 266 connecting wire, 27 lifting platform assembly, 271 vertical sliding block, 272 vertical through hole, 273 first connecting plate, 274 sensor, 275 auxiliary guide fixed block, 276 second connecting plate, 277 lifting platform, 278 leveling knob, 3 intelligent image recognition module, 31 mounting shell, 32 embedded image processor, 33 industrial camera, 34 annular light supplement assembly, 35 LED lamp group, 36 mounting cover, 4 consumable supply mechanism, 41 connecting tripod, 42 feeding motor, 43 consumable winding wheel, 44 consumable monitoring sensor, 45 consumable guide conveying assembly, 46 consumable, 5 heat dissipation system, 6 control system, 7 display screen assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable personnel in the technical field to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the following will combine the accompanying drawings to describe the technical solutions in the present application. Figures 1-11 The present application is further described, and the following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for description purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] As Figures 1-10The illustrated closed 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition includes a printing cabin 1, which is in the shape of a cube as a whole, and is provided with a cabin door 11 that can be opened and closed at the front end; an electromagnetic lock 14 is arranged on the inner side of the cabin door 11 to form a sealed 3D printing space when closed; a sealing rubber strip 12 is bonded around the interface of the cabin door 11 and the printing cabin 1 to isolate dust and reduce volatile gas leakage; a transparent observation window 13 is embedded in the middle of the cabin door 11 to facilitate observation of the internal printing condition; a printing mechanism 2 is installed in the printing cabin 1 to perform 3D printing operations; an intelligent image recognition module 3 is arranged at the central position of the top of the printing cabin 1 to perform real-time image acquisition and recognition analysis on the printed parts during the 3D printing process to monitor the printing quality, layer thickness consistency and other printing states; a consumable supply mechanism 4 is arranged at the side end of the printing mechanism 2 to stably provide printing consumables for the printing mechanism 2; a temperature control system 5 and a control system 6 are further integrated at the rear end of the printing cabin 1, the temperature control system 5 is used to adjust the temperature inside the printing cabin 1 to ensure that the printing process is carried out in a suitable temperature environment, avoiding printing defects caused by temperature fluctuations, and the control system 6 is electrically connected with each part through internal wiring to receive data and control the cooperative operation of each part according to the preset program or real-time adjusted parameters; a display screen assembly 7 is arranged on the outside of the printing cabin 1 to display the state and human-computer interaction; the printing mechanism 2 includes a bottom plate 21, which is fixed horizontally to the inside bottom of the printing cabin 1 through expansion bolts; a mounting bracket 22 is arranged on the bottom plate 21, a reinforced connecting block 23 is installed at the connection between the mounting bracket 22 and the bottom plate 21 to avoid the mounting bracket 22 from deviating due to vibration during printing; a lifting platform assembly 27 is slidingly installed on the mounting bracket 22, and a lifting platform assembly driving motor 24 is installed on the bottom plate 21; a connecting shaft 25 is arranged at the output end of the lifting platform assembly driving motor 24 and connected with the lifting platform assembly 27 through the connecting shaft 25, the lifting platform assembly driving motor 24 drives the lifting platform assembly 27 to move vertically along the height direction of the mounting bracket 22; a printing head assembly 26 is arranged on the upper part of the mounting bracket 22, which can move horizontally along the length and width directions of the mounting bracket 22, and the moving stroke is consistent with the length and width of the mounting bracket 22 to realize full coverage of the printing area of the lifting platform assembly 27 by the printing head assembly 26; the printing head assembly 26 includes horizontally sliding blocks 261 arranged in parallel and symmetrically, horizontal through holes 262 are formed in the horizontally sliding blocks 261 and the horizontally sliding blocks 261 are sleeved on the mounting bracket 22 through the horizontal through holes 262; a plurality of connecting light rods 263 are arranged between the horizontally sliding blocks 261, and a printing head 264 is sleeved on the connecting light rods 263.The horizontal slider 261 is also matched with a horizontal slider driving motor 265, which drives the horizontal slider 261 and the print head 264 to move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the connecting light rod 263; the print head 264 is internally provided with an embedded driving motor, and the print head 264 can smoothly slide axially along the connecting light rod 263 through the embedded driving motor; the print head 264 is also provided with a connecting wire 266 and connected with the control system 6 through the connecting wire 266, so as to accurately control the moving distance and speed of the print head 264 and realize the horizontal printing path adjustment with millimeter-level precision; the lifting platform assembly 27 includes vertically arranged vertical sliders 271, the vertical sliders 271 are provided with vertical through holes 272 and are sleeved on the mounting frame 22 through the vertical through holes 272; the first connecting plate 273 is arranged between the vertical sliders 271, a plurality of sensors 274 and auxiliary guide fixed blocks 275 are arranged on the two end side walls of the first connecting plate 273 respectively; the output end of the lifting platform assembly driving motor 24 is connected with the auxiliary guide fixed blocks 275, the sensors 274 are infrared displacement sensors, which are used to collect the lifting height data of the lifting platform assembly 27 in real time and transmit to the control system 6; the second connecting plate 276 is installed on the vertical slider 271, and the lifting platform 277 is connected and arranged on the second connecting plate 276; a plurality of leveling knobs 278 are also arranged between the second connecting plate 276 and the lifting platform 277, the leveling knobs 278 pass through the second connecting plate 276 by threads and abut against the lower bottom surface of the lifting platform 277; the leveling knobs 278 can be rotated and are electrically leveled, which are used to finely adjust the height of the corresponding angle of the lifting platform 277, so that the lifting platform 277 remains in a horizontal state and avoids the uneven thickness of the printed part caused by the inclination of the platform; the intelligent image recognition module 3 includes a mounting shell 31, an embedded image processor 32 and an industrial camera 33 arranged in the mounting shell 31, and a mounting cover 36 which can be clamped on the upper end of the mounting shell 31; an annular light supplement assembly 34 is arranged outside the industrial camera 33, a plurality of LED lamp groups 35 are uniformly and interval arranged in the annular light supplement assembly 34; the mounting shell 31 is made of aluminum alloy, and the inner wall is provided with heat dissipation fins, which can quickly lead out the heat generated by the embedded image processor 32 and the industrial camera 33 during work; the embedded image processor 32 is an ARM architecture processor, which is connected with the industrial camera 33, the LED lamp group 35 and the control system 6 through data wires respectively, can receive the printing process images collected by the industrial camera 33, and after processing such as greying and edge detection, transmits the processing results to the control system 6; the annular light supplement assembly 34 is made of white diffuse reflection material, and the brightness of the LED lamp group 35 can be independently adjusted; the mounting cover 36 and the mounting shell 31 can be adaptively clamped, and the components in the mounting shell 31 are protected;The consumable supply mechanism 4 includes a connecting tripod 41, which is a triangular stable structure, with its upper end fixedly connected to the mounting frame 22. A feeding motor 42 and a consumable reel 43 are mounted on both sides of the connecting tripod 41. The output shaft of the feeding motor 42 is connected to the center of the consumable reel 43 via a coupling. Consumable 46 is wound on the consumable reel 43. The feeding motor 42 drives the consumable reel 43 to rotate, thus conveying the consumable 46. A consumable monitoring sensor 44 and a consumable guiding conveying assembly 45 are also provided along the consumable 46's transmission path to monitor the status of the consumable 46 and guide its conveying direction, respectively, preventing the consumable 46 from deviating or bending during transport. The temperature control system 5 includes multiple cooling fans located at the rear end of the printing chamber 1, an air duct assembly connecting the cooling fans, and temperature sensors located inside the printing chamber 1. The cooling fans are centrifugal fans with their inlets facing the interior of the printing chamber 1 and their outlets connected to the air duct assembly. The air duct assembly extends outward along the back of the printing chamber 1, directionally transporting heat from the heat-generating components to the outside. Several temperature sensors are provided to collect temperature data from various areas in real time and transmit it to the control system 6. The control system 6 also has a self-diagnostic function; when a component malfunction is detected, it automatically records the fault code and displays the cause of the malfunction and troubleshooting suggestions on the display screen assembly 7, facilitating quick repair by the user.

[0031] like Figures 1-11 The illustrated closed-loop 3D printing method with intelligent image recognition includes the following steps: Step 1: Equipment initialization. The user winds the consumable 46 onto the consumable reel 43, and then passes the free end of the consumable 46 through the consumable detection sensor 44 and the consumable guide and conveyor assembly 45 in sequence, finally inserting it into the feed port of the print head 264. The user operates the control system 6 through the display screen assembly 7 to start the equipment self-test program. The control system 6 controls each sensor to collect initial data. If it detects that the consumable 46 has sufficient remaining amount, the temperature of each component is normal, and the lifting platform 277 is in the initial position, the self-test passes. If an abnormality is detected, the display screen assembly 7 displays the abnormality information, and the user can re-perform the self-test after troubleshooting. Step 2: Printing parameter settings and model import. Users can import 3D printing model files through the display component 7 or by connecting to an external terminal, and set parameters such as printing layer thickness, printing speed, and target temperature inside the printing chamber 1. At the same time, the user can set the shooting parameters of the intelligent image recognition module 3 through the control system 6, including the focal length of the industrial camera 33, the shooting frame rate, and the initial brightness of the LED light group 35. Step three: print preparation, the control system 6 controls the lifting platform assembly drive motor 24 to start according to the set printing parameters, drives the vertical slider 271 to move along the vertical direction of the mounting frame 22, and then adjusts the height of the lifting platform 277, so that the distance between the lifting platform 277 and the print head 264 meets the printing layer thickness requirement; then, the control system 6 controls the leveling knob 278 and combines the lifting height data collected by the sensor 274 to adjust the lifting platform 277 to a horizontal state; after the adjustment is completed, the user closes the cabin door 11, the electromagnetic lock 14 is automatically locked, and the sealing rubber strip 12 forms a seal to prevent external impurities from entering; Step four: print process execution and real-time monitoring, the control system 6 controls the print head 264 to heat to a preset temperature, and controls the cooling fan of the cooling system 5 to start at the same time, adjusts the cooling fan speed according to the temperature sensor data in the printing cabin 1, and maintains the temperature in the printing cabin 1 at the target temperature; the feeding motor 42 is started, and the consumables 46 are fed to the print head 264 at a preset feeding speed, and the consumables 46 are extruded from the nozzle after being melted in the print head 264; at the same time, the control system 6 controls the horizontal slider drive motor 265 to drive the horizontal slider 261 and the print head 264 to move along the horizontal direction of the connecting light rod 263, and the embedded drive motor drives the print head 264 to smoothly slide along the axial direction of the connecting light rod 263; the control system 6 controls the lifting platform assembly drive motor 24 to drive the lifting platform 277 to lift, so that the print head 264 and the lifting platform 277 move cooperatively, and the model path is printed layer by layer; in this process, the intelligent image recognition module 3 continuously works, the annular light supplement assembly 34 and the LED lamp group 35 are turned on, the industrial camera 33 collects the printing layer image at a preset frame rate and transmits it to the embedded image processor 32; the embedded image processor 32 performs grayscale processing, edge detection, defect identification and other operations on the image, and transmits the processing results to the control system 6 in real time; if the processing result is normal, the printing continues, and the display screen assembly 7 displays the printing progress, the current printing layer thickness, the temperature of each component, and the real-time image collected by the industrial camera 33; if the processing result is defective, the control system 6 immediately controls the equipment to pause printing, the display screen assembly 7 displays the defect type and defect position, and prompts the user to check; Step five: printing completion and cooling, when the number of printing layers reaches the total number of model layers, the control system 6 controls the print head 264 to stop extruding consumables, and the feeding motor 42 stops feeding; then, the control system 6 controls the cooling fan of the cooling system 5 to continue to work to cool the printed part; the cooling time is set according to the size of the printed part, and the temperature sensor collects the temperature near the printed part in real time during the cooling process, and the cooling fan stops working when the temperature drops to room temperature; Step six: print removal and device cleaning, the control system 6 controls the electromagnetic lock 14 to be unlocked, prompting the user that the printing is completed; the user opens the cabin door 11, removes the print on the lifting platform 277; then, the user can start the device cleaning program through the display screen assembly 7, the control system 6 controls the print head 264 to be heated to a certain temperature, i.e., slightly higher than the normal working temperature of the nozzle, and controls the feeding motor 42 to be reversely rotated to extrude the residual consumables in the print head 264, thus completing the nozzle cleaning; after the cleaning is completed, the device power is turned off, and the printing process is ended.

[0032] In the working process of the present application, the user first winds the consumables 46 on the consumable winding wheel 43, and inserts the consumables into the feeding port of the print head 264 through the consumable monitoring sensor 44 and the consumable guiding and conveying assembly 45; then, the user starts the device self-checking program through the display screen assembly 7, and the control system 6 controls the sensors to collect initial data, detects the residual amount of the consumables 46, the temperature of the components and the position of the lifting platform 277, and if there is an abnormality, the display screen assembly 7 displays the abnormal information; after the user eliminates the abnormality, the self-checking is restarted; after the self-checking is passed, the user imports the 3D printing model file and sets the printing layer thickness, speed and the target temperature in the cabin, and sets the shooting parameters of the intelligent image recognition module 3, and the control system 6 adjusts the height and horizontal state of the lifting platform 277 according to the parameters; then, the user closes the cabin door 11, and the electromagnetic lock 14 is locked, the sealing rubber strip 12 forms a seal, the control system 6 controls the print head 264 to be heated, the heat dissipation system 5 is started and the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan is adjusted to maintain the target temperature; in the process, the feeding motor 42 conveys the consumables 46 to the print head 264 to be melted and extruded, the horizontal sliding block driving motor 265 and the embedded driving motor drive the print head 264 to move, and the lifting platform assembly driving motor 24 drives the lifting platform 277 to ascend and descend, thus realizing the cooperative movement for layering printing, the intelligent image recognition module 3 continuously collects images and transmits them to the embedded image processor 32 for processing, and if the processing result is normal, the printing is continued, and if there is a defect, the printing is paused and the user is prompted; after the printing is completed, the control system 6 controls the print head 264 to stop extruding, the feeding motor 42 stops feeding, the horizontal sliding block 261 and the lifting platform 277 are reset, the heat dissipation system 5 continues to work to cool the print, the heat dissipation fan is stopped when the temperature drops to room temperature, the control system 6 controls the electromagnetic lock 14 to be unlocked to prompt that the printing is completed, the user opens the cabin door 11 to remove the print, and starts the cleaning program through the display screen assembly 7, the control system 6 controls the print head 264 to be heated and the feeding motor 42 to be reversely rotated to extrude the residual consumables, thus completing the nozzle cleaning, and the device power is turned off after the nozzle cleaning is completed, and the whole printing working process is ended.

[0033] The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present application, those skilled in the art can make some replacements and modifications to some technical features without creative labor, and these replacements and modifications are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A closed 3D printing device with intelligent image recognition, comprising a printing chamber (1), characterized in that: The printing chamber (1) is cubic in shape, with an openable and closable door (11) at its front end. An electromagnetic lock (14) is provided on the inside of the door (11) to form a sealed 3D printing space when closed. A sealing strip (12) is bonded around the mating surface of the door (11) and the printing chamber (1) to isolate dust and reduce the leakage of volatile gases. A transparent observation window (13) is embedded in the middle of the door (11) to facilitate observation of the internal printing process. A printing mechanism (2) is installed inside the printing chamber (1) to perform 3D printing operations. An intelligent image recognition module (3) is provided at the top center of the printing chamber (1) to collect and analyze images of the printed parts in real time during the 3D printing process to monitor printing quality, layer thickness consistency, and other printing status. The printing mechanism (2) is equipped with a consumable supply mechanism (4) on its side end, which is used to stably provide printing consumables to the printing mechanism (2); the printing chamber (1) is also integrated with a temperature control system (5) and a control system (6) at its rear end. The temperature control system (5) is used to adjust the temperature inside the printing chamber (1) to ensure that the printing process is carried out in a suitable temperature environment and to avoid printing defects caused by temperature fluctuations. The control system (6) is electrically connected to each part through internal wiring, and is used to receive data and control the coordinated operation of each part according to preset programs or real-time adjusted parameters; a display screen assembly (7) is provided on the outer side of the printing chamber (1) for displaying status and human-computer interaction.

2. The enclosed 3D printing device with intelligent image recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing mechanism (2) includes a base plate (21), which is horizontally fixed to the inner bottom of the printing chamber (1) by expansion bolts; a mounting bracket (22) is provided on the base plate (21), and a reinforcing connecting block (23) is installed at the connection between the mounting bracket (22) and the base plate (21) to prevent the mounting bracket (22) from shifting due to vibration during the printing process; a lifting platform assembly (27) is slidably mounted on the mounting bracket (22), and a lifting platform assembly drive motor (24) is mounted on the base plate (21); the output of the lifting platform assembly drive motor (24) is... The output end is provided with a connecting shaft (25) and is connected to the lifting platform assembly (27) through the connecting shaft (25). The lifting platform assembly is driven by a drive motor (24) to drive the lifting platform assembly (27) to move vertically up and down along the height direction of the mounting frame (22). The upper part of the mounting frame (22) is provided with a print head assembly (26). The print head assembly (26) can move horizontally along the length and width direction of the mounting frame (22). The moving stroke is consistent with the length and width of the mounting frame (22), so as to realize the full coverage of the printing area of ​​the lifting platform assembly (27) by the print head assembly (26).

3. The enclosed 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The printhead assembly (26) includes horizontally symmetrically arranged sliders (261), each slider (261) having a horizontal through hole (262) through which it is fitted onto the mounting bracket (22); several connecting rods (263) are arranged between the horizontal sliders (261), and a printhead (264) is fitted onto each connecting rod (263); a horizontal slider drive motor (265) is also provided on each horizontal slider (261), and the horizontal slider drive motor (265) drives and moves... The horizontal slider (261) and the print head (264) move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the connecting rod (263); the print head (264) is equipped with an embedded drive motor, and the print head (264) can slide smoothly along the axis of the connecting rod (263) through the embedded drive motor; the print head (264) is also equipped with a connecting wire (266) and is connected to the control system (6) through the connecting wire (266) to precisely control the moving distance and speed of the print head (264) and realize the horizontal printing path adjustment with millimeter-level precision.

4. The enclosed 3D printing device with intelligent image recognition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting platform assembly (27) includes parallel and symmetrically arranged vertical sliders (271). Each vertical slider (271) has a vertical through hole (272) and is fitted onto a mounting bracket (22) through the through hole (272). A first connecting plate (273) is arranged between the vertical sliders (271). Multiple sensors (274) and auxiliary guide fixing blocks (275) are respectively arranged on the side walls at both ends of the first connecting plate (273). The output end of the lifting platform assembly drive motor (24) is connected to the auxiliary guide fixing block (275). The sensor (274) is an infrared displacement sensor used to collect the lifting height data of the lifting platform assembly (27) in real time. The data is transmitted to the control system (6); a second connecting plate (276) is installed on the vertical slider (271), and a lifting platform (277) is connected to the second connecting plate (276); a plurality of leveling knobs (278) are also provided between the second connecting plate (276) and the lifting platform (277). The leveling knobs (278) pass through the second connecting plate (276) by threads and abut against the bottom surface of the lifting platform (277); the leveling knobs (278) can be rotated and are electrically leveled, used to finely adjust the height of the corresponding angle of the lifting platform (277) so that the lifting platform (277) remains horizontal and avoids uneven thickness of the printed parts due to the tilt of the platform.

5. The closed-loop 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent image recognition module (3) includes a mounting housing (31), an embedded image processor (32) and an industrial camera (33) disposed within the mounting housing (31), and a mounting cover (36) that can be snapped onto the upper end of the mounting housing (31); a ring-shaped supplementary lighting assembly (34) is arranged around the outside of the industrial camera (33), and a number of LED light groups (35) are evenly spaced in a ring within the ring-shaped supplementary lighting assembly (34); the mounting housing (31) is made of aluminum alloy, and its inner wall is provided with heat dissipation fins, which can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the embedded image processor (32) and the industrial camera (33) during operation. The heat; the embedded image processor (32) is an ARM architecture processor, which is connected to the industrial camera (33), LED light group (35) and control system (6) respectively through data cable. It can receive the printing process image collected by the industrial camera (33), perform grayscale, edge detection and other processing, and transmit the processing result to the control system (6); the ring light component (34) is made of white diffuse reflective material, and the brightness of the LED light group (35) can be adjusted independently; the mounting cover (36) and the mounting housing (31) can be adapted and engaged to protect the components inside the mounting housing (31).

6. The enclosed 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The consumable supply mechanism (4) includes a connecting tripod (41), which is a triangular stable structure, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (22). A feeding motor (42) and a consumable reel (43) are installed on both sides of the connecting tripod (41). The output shaft of the feeding motor (42) is connected to the center of the consumable reel (43) through a coupling. Consumables (46) are wound on the consumable reel (43). The feeding motor (42) drives the consumable reel (43) to rotate, thereby realizing the conveying of consumables (46). A consumable monitoring sensor (44) and a consumable guiding conveying component (45) are also provided on the consumable (46) transmission path to monitor the status of consumables (46) and guide the conveying direction of consumables (46) to avoid the consumables (46) from deviating or bending during the conveying process.

7. The enclosed 3D printing device with intelligent image recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system (5) includes multiple cooling fans located at the rear end of the printing chamber (1), an air duct assembly connected to the cooling fans, and a temperature sensor located inside the printing chamber (1). The cooling fans are centrifugal fans with their air inlets facing the inside of the printing chamber (1) and their air outlets connected to the air duct assembly. The air duct assembly extends outward along the back of the printing chamber (1) and can directionally transport heat from the heat-generating components to the outside. Several temperature sensors are provided to collect temperature data from each area in real time and transmit it to the control system (6).

8. The closed-loop 3D printing equipment with intelligent image recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (6) is also equipped with a fault self-diagnosis function. When a fault is detected in a component, the fault code can be automatically recorded and the cause of the fault and troubleshooting suggestions can be displayed through the display screen component (7) to facilitate quick repair by the user.

9. A closed-loop 3D printing method with intelligent image recognition, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Equipment initialization. The user winds the consumable (46) onto the consumable reel (43), and passes the free end of the consumable (46) through the consumable detection sensor (44) and the consumable guide conveyor assembly (45) in sequence, and finally inserts it into the feed port of the print head (264). The user operates the control system (6) through the display assembly (7) to start the equipment self-test program. The control system (6) controls each sensor to collect initial data. If it is detected that the consumable (46) has sufficient remaining amount, the temperature of each component is normal, and the lifting platform (277) is in the initial position, then the self-test is passed. If an abnormality is detected, the display assembly (7) displays the abnormal information. The user must troubleshoot the abnormality and then perform the self-test again. Step 2: Printing parameter setting and model import. The user imports the 3D printing model file through the display component (7) or by connecting to an external terminal, and sets parameters such as printing layer thickness, printing speed, and target temperature inside the printing chamber (1). At the same time, the user sets the shooting parameters of the intelligent image recognition module (3) through the control system (6), including the focal length of the industrial camera (33), the shooting frame rate, and the initial brightness of the LED light group (35). Step 3: Printing preparation. The control system (6) controls the start of the lifting platform component drive motor (24) according to the set printing parameters, which drives the vertical slider (271) to move vertically along the mounting frame (22), thereby adjusting the height of the lifting platform (277) so that the distance between the lifting platform (277) and the print head (264) meets the printing layer thickness requirements. Subsequently, the control system (6) controls the leveling knob (278) and combines the lifting height data collected by the sensor (274) to adjust the lifting platform (277) to a horizontal state. After the adjustment is completed, the user closes the hatch (11), the electromagnetic lock (14) automatically locks, and the sealing strip (12) forms a seal to prevent external impurities from entering. Step 4: Printing process execution and real-time monitoring. The control system (6) controls the print head (264) to heat up to the preset temperature, and at the same time controls the cooling fan of the heat dissipation system (5) to start. Combined with the temperature sensor data in the printing chamber (1), the speed of the cooling fan is adjusted so that the temperature in the printing chamber (1) is maintained at the target temperature. The feeding motor (42) is started, and the consumable (46) is fed to the print head (264) at the preset feeding speed. The consumable (46) melts in the print head (264) and is extruded from the nozzle. At the same time, the control system (6) controls the horizontal slider drive motor (265) to drive the horizontal slider (261) and the print head (264) to move in the horizontal and vertical directions along the connecting light rod (263). The embedded drive motor drives the print head (264) to slide smoothly along the axis of the connecting light rod (263). The control lifting platform assembly drive motor (24) drives the lifting platform (277) to rise and fall, realizing the coordinated movement of the print head (264) and the lifting platform (277) to perform layer printing according to the model path. During this process, intelligent image recognition The separate module (3) continues to work, the ring fill light component (34) and LED light group (35) are turned on, the industrial camera (33) acquires the printed layer image according to the preset frame rate and transmits it to the embedded image processor (32); the embedded image processor (32) performs grayscale processing, edge detection, defect recognition, etc. on the image and transmits the processing results to the control system (6) in real time; if the processing result is normal, printing continues, and the display component (7) displays the printing progress, current printing layer thickness, temperature of each component, and real-time image acquired by the industrial camera (33) in real time; if the processing result is that there is a defect, the control system (6) immediately controls the equipment to stop printing, and the display component (7) displays the defect type and defect location, prompting the user to check; Step 5: Printing completion and cooling. When the number of printed layers reaches the total number of layers of the model, the control system (6) controls the print head (264) to stop extruding the consumables, the feeding motor (42) stops feeding, and the horizontal slider (261) and the lifting platform (277) are reset to their initial positions. Subsequently, the control system (6) controls the cooling fan of the heat dissipation system (5) to continue working to cool the printed parts. The cooling time is set according to the size of the printed parts. During the cooling process, the temperature sensor collects the temperature near the printed parts in real time. When the temperature drops to room temperature, the cooling fan stops working. Step 6: Remove the printed parts and clean the equipment. The control system (6) controls the electromagnetic lock (14) to unlock and prompts the user that printing is complete. The user opens the hatch (11) and removes the printed parts from the lifting platform (277). Subsequently, the user can start the equipment cleaning program through the display screen assembly (7). The control system (6) controls the print head (264) to heat to a certain temperature, which is slightly higher than the normal working temperature of the nozzle, and controls the feeding motor (42) to rotate in reverse to squeeze out the consumables remaining in the print head (264) and complete the nozzle cleaning. After cleaning, turn off the power of the equipment and the printing process ends.

Images