Self-powered ocean drifting buoy capable of converting wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electric energy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy power supply of ocean monitoring equipment, in particular to a self-powered ocean drifting buoy capable of converting wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electric energy. A lower mounting plate set is horizontally mounted at the bottom of an inner cavity of a spherical shell, two circuit board sets are symmetrically mounted on the edges of the two sides of the lower mounting plate set, a middle mounting plate set is mounted over the middle of the lower mounting plate set, and a storage battery set is mounted in a gap between the lower mounting plate set and the middle mounting plate set. The wave kinetic energy capturing and electric energy converting device is installed above the middle installation plate set, the upper installation plate set is installed on the lower portion of the spherical cover, the spherical cover is installed on a top opening of the spherical shell, the wave kinetic energy capturing and electric energy converting device is fixedly buckled with the bottom of the upper installation plate set, and the solar panel set is installed outside the spherical shell. The method can be suitable for far and deep sea long-term hydrological monitoring scenes, and especially serves for the fields of typhoon path tracking, open sea meteorological hydrological detection system data verification and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy power supply technology for marine monitoring equipment, and more specifically, to a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of buoy equipment mainly used for marine environmental monitoring, discardable self-powered drifting buoys have excellent characteristics such as small size, light weight, long endurance, and low maintenance frequency, making them a suitable replacement for anchored large environmental monitoring buoys that are difficult to cast, install, maintain frequently, and have limited monitoring range. Commonly used discardable self-powered drifting buoys either suffer from a reliance on a single energy source, often using pure solar power, which fails in cloudy or rainy weather, or relies on battery replacement, resulting in high maintenance costs for batteries and photovoltaic panels; or they suffer from low wave kinetic energy conversion efficiency. These issues lead to poor power supply continuity, low energy conversion efficiency, and insufficient environmental adaptability in complex sea conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the objective of this invention is to propose a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, solving the problems of poor power supply continuity, low energy conversion efficiency, and insufficient environmental adaptability under complex sea conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, comprising:

[0005] spherical shell, and,

[0006] The lower mounting plate assembly is horizontally installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the spherical shell;

[0007] Two circuit board assemblies are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower mounting plate assembly.

[0008] The middle mounting plate assembly is installed directly above the center of the lower mounting plate assembly;

[0009] A battery pack is installed in the gap between the lower mounting plate group and the middle mounting plate group;

[0010] A wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device is installed above the mounting plate assembly.

[0011] A spherical cover, which is installed at the top opening of the spherical shell;

[0012] An upper mounting plate assembly is installed on the lower part of the spherical cover, and the wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device is fastened and fixed to the bottom of the upper mounting plate assembly;

[0013] A solar panel assembly is installed on the outside of the spherical shell.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower mounting plate assembly includes:

[0015] The mounting plate is narrower than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell;

[0016] A screw hole bottom block is used to connect the two mounting plates and is installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The screw hole bottom block and the mounting plate are fixed by screws.

[0017] A connector, used to connect the two mounting plates, is installed on the top surface of the mounting plates and is fixed to the screw hole base block by screws.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the circuit board assembly includes:

[0019] The circuit board frame is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower mounting plate assembly;

[0020] The circuit board is mounted on the circuit board frame and secured with screws.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting plate assembly includes:

[0022] The mounting plate in the middle has a width smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell;

[0023] Multiple middle and lower studs are installed at the mounting positions of the middle mounting plate, and a fence is formed between the multiple middle and lower studs, with the battery pack located inside the fence;

[0024] A concave truncated cone is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device includes a shell, an inner shell, a main shaft, a horizontal shaft, an extension rod, a small ball weight, a trolley frame, a trolley wheel, a main shaft bearing assembly, an overrunning clutch assembly, a countershaft, a large gear, a countershaft bearing assembly, a side shaft outer bearing assembly, a side shaft, a small gear, a large bevel gear, a side shaft inner bearing assembly, a generator small bevel gear, and a generator set. The main shaft bearing assembly includes a main shaft bearing and a main shaft bearing end cap, which are installed in the central bearing hole of the inner shell. The central bearing hole of the inner shell and the main shaft bearing end cap fix the outer ring of the main shaft bearing. The main shaft passes through the inner ring hole of the main shaft bearing assembly, and the main shaft shoulder and a shaft retaining ring fix the inner ring of the main shaft bearing. The inner shell and the main shaft bearing assembly are two sets installed symmetrically, one above the other. The inner end of the horizontal square shaft is installed at the center of the main shaft. The square post at the inner end of the horizontal square shaft is inserted into the square hole at the center of the main shaft and tightened with a set screw. The trolley frame is vertically installed at the outer end of the horizontal square shaft. The square post at the outer end of the horizontal square shaft is inserted into the square hole in the middle of the trolley frame and tightened with a set screw. The trolley wheels are bearing wheels with extremely low rolling resistance. The two trolley wheels are installed on the upper and lower horizontal shafts of the trolley frame. The shaft shoulders and shaft retaining rings fix the inner rings of the bearings of the trolley wheels. The gap between the inner planes of the upper and lower inner shells forms the track and constraint of the trolley wheels. There is a gap between the upper trolley wheel and the inner plane of the upper inner shell. The overrunning clutch assembly includes an overrunning clutch and a clutch end cover. The overrunning clutch is one-way. The bearing has an inner ring that rotates clockwise, causing the outer ring to rotate synchronously with it; when the inner ring rotates counterclockwise, the outer ring remains stationary and does not rotate. The inner ring of the overrunning clutch assembly is fitted onto the main shaft, and the main shaft shoulder and retaining ring are used to secure the inner ring of the overrunning clutch. The large end of the auxiliary shaft is fitted into the clutch end cover of the overrunning clutch assembly and secured with screws. The large end face of the auxiliary shaft and the clutch end cover secure the outer ring of the overrunning clutch. The overrunning clutch within the overrunning clutch assembly has keyways on both its inner and outer rings. The keyway of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch engages with a key on the main shaft, allowing the inner ring of the overrunning clutch assembly to rotate synchronously with the main shaft. The keyway of the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is locked to the keyway in the clutch end cover by inserting a key. The auxiliary shaft and the clutch end cover are locked in place. The secondary shaft rotates synchronously with the outer ring of the overrunning clutch assembly. The overrunning clutch assembly is installed symmetrically in two groups about the center of the main shaft, with the two overrunning clutches installed symmetrically and in opposite directions. The large gear is mounted on the secondary shaft with its hub facing inward. It is positioned by the shoulder of the secondary shaft and tightened onto the secondary shaft using set screws on the hub of the large gear. The large gear rotates synchronously with the secondary shaft. The secondary shaft bearing assembly consists of a secondary shaft bearing and a secondary shaft bearing end cover. The secondary shaft bearing is installed in the secondary shaft bearing hole at the center of the outer shell plane. The small end of the secondary shaft passes through the inner ring hole of the secondary shaft bearing assembly. The shoulder of the secondary shaft and the retaining ring of the shaft fix the inner ring of the secondary shaft bearing. The secondary shaft bearing hole and the secondary shaft bearing end cover of the outer shell fix the outer ring of the secondary shaft bearing.The inner bearing assembly of the side shaft consists of an inner bearing and an inner bearing end cap. The inner bearing is installed in the inner bearing hole of the inner shell. The inner end of the side shaft passes through the inner ring hole of the inner bearing assembly. The shoulder of the side shaft and a retaining ring secure the inner ring of the inner bearing. The inner bearing hole and the inner bearing end cap of the inner shell secure the outer ring of the inner bearing. The outer bearing assembly of the side shaft consists of an outer bearing and an outer bearing end cap. The outer bearing is installed in the outer bearing hole of the outer shell. The outer end of the side shaft passes through the inner ring hole of the outer bearing assembly. The shoulder of the side shaft and a retaining ring secure the inner ring of the outer bearing. The outer bearing hole and the outer bearing end cap of the outer shell secure the outer ring of the outer bearing. The pinion is mounted on the side shaft, positioned by the side shaft shoulder, and engages with the shaft hole of the side shaft. For an interference fit, the side shaft rotates synchronously with the pinion; the pinion and the large gear have the same module and mesh, with the large gear being the driving gear and the pinion being the driven gear; the large bevel gear is mounted on the side shaft, positioned by the side shaft shoulder, and tightened onto the side shaft using set screws on the large bevel gear hub, rotating synchronously with the side shaft; the side shaft and its shaft-mounted components are symmetrically distributed in two groups about the central axis of the main shaft in their respective chambers, totaling four groups in the upper and lower chambers; the generator set consists of a generator and a generator frame, with the generator fixedly mounted on the outer plane of the inner shell via the generator frame, and the generator frame and inner shell secured with screws; the generator's small bevel gear is mounted on the generator shaft head, with an interference fit between the generator's small bevel gear and the shaft hole of the generator set shaft head, allowing the generator set shaft to rotate synchronously with the generator's small bevel gear.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper mounting plate assembly includes an upper mounting plate, a connecting post, a Beidou stud, and a Beidou antenna; the stud end of the Beidou stud is screwed into the threaded hole on the back of the Beidou antenna, the top surface of the upper mounting plate is fitted to the threaded hole end of the Beidou stud and fixed with screws, the stud end of the connecting post is inserted through a hole on the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate and screwed into the threaded hole of the inner bottom cylindrical platform of the spherical cover, and the upper mounting plate is clamped by the connecting post and the inner bottom cylindrical platform of the spherical cover, that is, the upper mounting plate assembly and the spherical cover are connected by the connecting post.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spherical cover is provided with a hole for docking and installation with the spherical shell, and is fixed to the top opening of the spherical shell by screws. The spherical cover is provided with a sealing ring pressing plane, which fully presses the sealing ring around the top opening of the spherical shell when it is fastened with the spherical shell, and forms a completely sealed spherical inner cavity with the spherical shell. The inner bottom of the spherical cover is provided with four cylindrical pedestals, and the bottom of the cylindrical pedestals has threaded mounting holes, which are assembled with the connecting studs.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spherical shell is made of polyethylene and is manufactured using a rotational molding process.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ball cover is made of POM and manufactured using CNC machining technology.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack includes two batteries, the minimum diagonal of which is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell.

[0031] As described above, the self-powered ocean drifting buoy of the present invention, which converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The self-powered ocean drifting buoy of the present invention, which converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electricity, has the characteristics of small size, light weight, easy modular installation and interchange, dual energy complementarity and intelligent switching, high-efficiency wave kinetic energy capture mechanism, anti-interference fully sealed design, disposable and maintenance-free, and easy deployment. It can be applied to long-term hydrological monitoring scenarios in the deep sea, especially serving the fields of typhoon path tracking and data verification of offshore meteorological and hydrological detection systems.

[0033] The self-powered ocean drifting buoy of the present invention, which uses wave kinetic energy and solar energy to convert to electricity, achieves the comprehensive goals of strong endurance and low maintenance frequency. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy using wave kinetic energy and solar energy to convert to electricity realizes dual energy complementarity and intelligent switching, which can continuously supply power under complex sea conditions, has high energy conversion efficiency and strong environmental adaptability.

[0034] The self-powered ocean drifting buoy of the present invention, which converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, is a modular, maintenance-free, long-endurance, highly adaptable, easy-to-cast, and stable self-powered ocean drifting buoy that can be used for long-term hydrological monitoring in complex deep-sea conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram, exploded view, and sectional view of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram and cross-sectional view of the spherical shell of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the lower mounting plate assembly of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a circuit board assembly for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5This is a structural diagram of the mounting plate assembly of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the mounting plate of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram and cross-sectional view of a wave kinetic energy capture and electro-electric energy conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a wave kinetic energy capture and electro-electric energy conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 This is an internal structural diagram of a wave kinetic energy capture and electro-electric energy conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention, without the outer shell.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the upper mounting plate assembly of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the spherical cover of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a three-view and axonometric drawing of a solar panel assembly of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Among them: (1) spherical shell, (2) lower mounting plate assembly, (3) circuit board assembly, (4) middle mounting plate assembly, (5) wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device, (6) upper mounting plate assembly, (7) spherical cover, (8) solar panel assembly, (9) battery assembly, (2-1) lower mounting plate, (2-2) screw hole bottom block, (2-3) connecting code, (3-1) circuit board frame, (3-2) circuit board, (4-1) middle mounting plate, (4-2) concave truncated cone, (4-3) middle and lower studs, (5-1) outer shell, (5-2) inner shell, (5-3) main shaft, (5-4) horizontal shaft, (5-5) extension rod (5-6)-Small heavy ball, (5-7)-Pulley frame, (5-8)-Pulley wheel, (5-9)-Main shaft bearing assembly, (5-10)-Overrunning clutch assembly, (5-11)-Secondary shaft, (5-12)-Large gear, (5-13)-Secondary shaft bearing assembly, (5-14)-Side shaft outer bearing assembly, (5-15)-Side shaft, (5-16)-Small gear, (5-17)-Large bevel gear, (5-18)-Side shaft inner bearing assembly, (5-19)-Generator small bevel gear, (5-20)-Generator set, (6-1)-Upper mounting plate, (6-2)-Connecting column, (6-3)-Beidou stud, (6-4)-Beidou antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0050] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0051] Terms such as "first" or "second" may be used to describe various components, but these components are not limited by the terms described above. The terms described above are used to distinguish one component from another; for example, without departing from the scope of the concept according to this disclosure, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component.

[0052] Furthermore, "connected / linked" indicates that one component is directly electrically connected to another component or indirectly electrically connected through another component. Unless otherwise explicitly stated in the sentence, the singular form may include the plural form. Additionally, the terms "comprising / including" or "containing / including" as used in this specification indicate the presence or addition of one or more components, steps, operations, and elements. Specific structural or functional descriptions of examples of embodiments of the concepts disclosed in this specification are merely illustrative to describe examples of embodiments of the concepts, and examples of embodiments of the concepts can be implemented in various forms, but these descriptions are not limited to the examples of embodiments described in this specification.

[0053] Based on the concept, various modifications and changes can be applied to examples of embodiments, such that examples of embodiments will be illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the specification. However, examples of embodiments based on the concept are not limited to specific embodiments, but include all changes, equivalents, or substitutions included within the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0054] It should be understood that when describing an element as "connected" or "linked" to another element, the element may be directly connected or linked to the other element, or it may be connected or linked to the other element via a third element. Conversely, it should be understood that when an element is described as "directly connected to" or "directly linked to" another element, no other element is placed between them. Other expressions describing relationships between components (i.e., "between" and "directly between" or "adjacent to" and "directly adjacent to") need to be interpreted in the same way.

[0055] The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing specific examples of implementations only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. The singular form may include the plural form unless there is an explicit contrary meaning in the context. It should be understood in this specification that the terms "comprising" or "having" indicate the presence of the features, quantities, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical or scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. If a term is not clearly defined in a common dictionary in this specification, it shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant art, and not as an ideal or overly formal meaning.

[0057] Descriptions of known components and processing techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0058] Throughout this specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. Therefore, even if a reference numeral is not mentioned or described with reference to one drawing, it may be mentioned or described with reference to another drawing. Furthermore, even if a reference numeral is not shown in one drawing, it may be mentioned or described with reference to another drawing.

[0059] Additionally, the logic level of a signal may be different from or opposite to the logic level described. For example, a signal described as having a logic "high" level may optionally have a logic "low" level, and a signal described as having a logic "low" level may optionally have a logic "high" level.

[0060] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of this disclosure to facilitate a better understanding of the disclosure. However, the technical solutions claimed in this disclosure can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram, exploded view, and sectional view of a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The invention includes a spherical shell 1, a lower mounting plate assembly 2, a circuit board assembly 3, a middle mounting plate assembly 4, a wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5, an upper mounting plate assembly 6, a spherical cover 7, a solar panel assembly 8, and a battery assembly 9. The lower mounting plate assembly 2 is horizontally mounted at the bottom of the inner cavity of the spherical shell 1. Two circuit board assemblies 3 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower mounting plate assembly 2. The middle mounting plate assembly 4 is mounted directly above the center of the lower mounting plate assembly 2. The battery assembly 9 is installed in the gap between the lower mounting plate assembly 2 and the middle mounting plate assembly 4. The wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 is mounted above the middle mounting plate assembly 4. The upper mounting plate assembly 6 is mounted below the spherical cover 7, and the spherical cover 7 is mounted at the top opening of the spherical shell 1. The wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 is fastened and fixed to the bottom of the upper mounting plate assembly 6. The solar panel assembly 8 is mounted on the outside of the spherical shell 1.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, the self-powered ocean drifting buoy, which converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, is in normal operation on an unobstructed sea surface with wave motion. It collects solar energy through a solar panel group 8, converts the solar energy into electrical energy, and then transmits the generated solar energy to a circuit board group 3. This circuit board group 3 is a dual-energy intelligent management circuit board. The electrical energy is intelligently controlled by this circuit board group 3 to charge the battery group 9. The wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device 5 captures ocean wave kinetic energy, converts the wave kinetic energy into electrical energy, and then transmits the generated wave kinetic energy to the same circuit board group 3. This circuit board group 3 is a dual-energy intelligent management circuit board. The electrical energy is intelligently controlled by this circuit board group 3 to charge the battery group 9.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a structural diagram and cross-sectional view of the spherical shell of a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to one embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment of the present invention, the spherical shell 1 is made of engineering plastics such as polyethylene and is manufactured using plastic molding processes such as rotational molding. It has the characteristics of being lightweight, having considerable strength, being corrosion-resistant, having good hydrophobicity, having abundant mounting holes, being easy to seal, and being easy to mass-produce. The top has a circular opening, and the periphery of the circular opening has a groove for placing a sealing ring, which is used to press the sealing ring together with the spherical cover 7 after assembly to completely seal the chamber.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the lower mounting plate assembly of a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The lower mounting plate assembly 2 includes a mounting plate 2-1, a screw-hole bottom block 2-2, and a connecting bracket 2-3. The width of the lower mounting plate 2-1 is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell 1, ensuring that the lower mounting plate 2-1 can be smoothly placed into the spherical cavity. The threaded bottom block 2-2 is mounted on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate 2-1 and fixed with screws. Two lower mounting plates 2-1 with the threaded bottom blocks 2-2 are placed into the spherical cavity, and the two lower mounting plates 2-1 are connected with the connecting bracket 2-3. The connecting bracket 2-3 and the threaded bottom block 2-2 are fixed with screws, connecting the two parts into a single lower mounting plate assembly 2. The lower mounting plate assembly 2 is horizontally installed at the bottom mounting position inside the spherical shell 1, with the surface containing the threaded bottom block 2-2 facing downwards, and the lower mounting plate assembly 2 and the spherical shell 1 are fixed with screws.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a circuit board assembly for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The circuit board assembly 3 mainly consists of a circuit board frame 3-1 and circuit boards 3-2. The minimum diagonal of the circuit board assembly 3 is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell 1, ensuring that the circuit board assembly 3 can be smoothly placed into the spherical cavity. Circuit boards 3-2 are mounted on the circuit board frame 3-1 and fixed with screws to form the circuit board assembly 3.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two circuit board groups 3 are respectively a data acquisition, processing, and transmission circuit board and a dual-energy intelligent management circuit board. The two circuit board groups 3 are placed inside the spherical cavity and vertically mounted on the circuit board mounting positions on both sides of the lower mounting plate group 2, and fixed with screws. The data acquisition, processing, and transmission circuit board is used to receive data information from various meteorological and hydrological sensors mounted on the buoy body, and to collect, process, and transmit the meteorological and hydrological data information. The dual-energy intelligent management circuit board is used to receive electrical energy converted from solar energy and electrical energy converted from wave kinetic energy, to collect, intelligently manage, and control the output of energy, and to provide intelligent control and management for battery charging.

[0067] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the mounting plate assembly of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the mounting plate of a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] The middle mounting plate assembly 4 mainly consists of a middle mounting plate 4-1, a concave frustum 4-2, and multiple lower studs 4-3. The width of the middle mounting plate 4-1 is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell 1, ensuring that the middle mounting plate 4-1 can be smoothly placed into the cavity of the spherical shell. Eight lower studs 4-3 are installed on the mounting positions of the lower mounting plate assembly 2 to form a fence. The battery pack 9 is installed on the lower mounting plate assembly 2 and placed inside the fence formed by the lower studs 4-3. The battery pack 9 consists of two batteries, and the minimum diagonal of the battery is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell 1. The concave frustum 4-2 is installed on the middle mounting plate 4-1, forming two sets of centrally symmetrical middle mounting plates 4-1 with concave frustums 4-2, ensuring that the tenon and mortise structure can be smoothly engaged and inserted when the two middle mounting plates 4-1 are mated, and that all concave frustums are on the same surface after mating. Two sets of middle mounting plates 4-1 are successively loaded with concave frustums 4-2 and placed into the spherical cavity. The two sets of middle mounting plates 4-1 are then joined together using a tenon and mortise structure to form a single, complete middle mounting plate. The complete middle mounting plate is then horizontally installed on top of the lower middle stud 4-3, aligning the holes, with the face containing the concave frustum 4-2 facing upwards. The complete middle mounting plate and the lower middle stud 4-3 are secured with screws. The battery pack 9 is placed in the gap formed by the middle mounting plate assembly 4 and the lower mounting plate assembly 2. The top surface of the lower mounting plate assembly 2 and the bottom surface of the middle mounting plate assembly 4 support and press the battery pack 9.

[0069] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, Figure 7This is a structural diagram and cross-sectional view of a wave kinetic energy capture and electro-electric energy conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a wave kinetic energy capture and electro-electric energy conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10This is a structural diagram of the internal structure of a wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device for a self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention, without the outer shell. The wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device 5 mainly consists of an outer shell 5-1, an inner shell 5-2, a main shaft 5-3, a horizontal shaft 5-4, an extension rod 5-5, a small weight ball 5-6, a pulley frame 5-7, a pulley wheel 5-8, a main shaft bearing assembly 5-9, an overrunning clutch assembly 5-10, a secondary shaft 5-11, a large gear 5-12, a secondary shaft bearing assembly 5-13, a side shaft outer bearing assembly 5-14, a side shaft 5-15, a small gear 5-16, a large bevel gear 5-17, a side shaft inner bearing assembly 5-18, a generator small bevel gear 5-19, and a generator set 5-20. The spindle bearing assembly 5-9 consists of a spindle bearing and a spindle bearing end cap, and is installed in the central bearing hole of the inner housing 5-2. The central bearing hole of the inner housing 5-2 and the spindle bearing end cap fix the outer ring of the spindle bearing. The spindle 5-3 passes through the inner ring hole of the spindle bearing assembly 5-9, and the shoulder of the spindle 5-3 and the retaining ring of the shaft fix the inner ring of the spindle bearing. The inner housing 5-2 and the spindle bearing assembly 5-9 are two symmetrically installed sets. The inner end of the transverse square shaft 5-4 is installed at the center of the spindle 5-3. The square post of the inner end of the transverse square shaft 5-4 is inserted into the central square hole of the spindle 5-3 for assembly and tightened with a set screw. The trolley bracket 5-7 is vertically installed on the outer end of the transverse square shaft 5-4. The square post of the outer end of the transverse square shaft 5-4 is inserted into the central square hole of the trolley bracket 5-7 for assembly and tightened with a set screw. The pulley wheels 5-8 use bearing wheels with extremely low rolling resistance. Two pulley wheels 5-8 are mounted on the upper and lower horizontal shafts of the pulley frame 5-7. The shoulders of the horizontal shafts and the shafts are secured with retaining rings to the inner rings of the bearings of the pulley wheels 5-8. The gap between the inner planes of the upper and lower inner shells 5-2 forms the track and constraint for the pulley wheels 5-8. A reasonable clearance exists between the upper pulley wheel 5-8 and the inner plane of the upper inner shell 5-1, ensuring that the pulley assembly rotates without resistance and without jamming during its circular rotation. The overrunning clutch assembly 5-10 consists of an overrunning clutch and a clutch end cover. The overrunning clutch is a one-way bearing; when the inner ring rotates forward, the outer ring rotates synchronously with the inner ring; when the inner ring rotates in reverse, the outer ring remains stationary and does not rotate. The inner ring hole of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10 is fitted onto the main shaft 5-3, and the shoulders of the main shaft 5-3 and the shafts are secured with retaining rings to the inner ring of the overrunning clutch. The large end of the secondary shaft 5-11 is fitted and assembled with the clutch end cover of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10, and fixed with screws. The large end face of the secondary shaft 5-11 and the clutch end cover fix the outer ring of the overrunning clutch. The overrunning clutch within the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10 has keyways on both its inner and outer rings. The keyway of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch engages with a key on the main shaft 5-3, allowing the inner ring of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10 to rotate synchronously with the main shaft 5-3. The keyway of the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is locked to the keyway in the clutch end cover by inserting a key. The secondary shaft 5-11 is fitted and locked to the clutch end cover, and the secondary shaft 5-11 rotates synchronously with the outer ring of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10.The overrunning clutch assembly 5-10 is installed symmetrically in two groups about the horizontal plane of the main shaft center, with the two overrunning clutches installed symmetrically and in opposite directions. The large gear 5-12 is mounted on the countershaft 5-11, with the gear hub facing inwards. It is positioned by the shoulder of the countershaft 5-11 and tightened onto the countershaft 5-11 using set screws on the hub of the large gear 5-12. The large gear 5-12 rotates synchronously with the countershaft 5-11. The countershaft bearing assembly 5-13 consists of a countershaft bearing and a countershaft bearing end cover. The countershaft bearing is installed in the countershaft bearing hole at the center of the plane of the outer casing 5-1. The small end of the countershaft 5-11 passes through the inner ring hole of the countershaft bearing assembly 5-13. The shoulder of the countershaft 5-11 and a retaining ring secure the inner ring of the countershaft bearing. The countershaft bearing hole in the outer casing 5-1 and the countershaft bearing end cover secure the outer ring of the countershaft bearing. The inner bearing assembly 5-18 consists of an inner bearing and an end cap. The inner bearing is installed in the inner bearing bore of the inner housing 5-2. The inner end of the inner shaft 5-15 passes through the inner ring bore of the inner bearing assembly 5-18. The shoulder and retaining ring of the inner shaft 5-15 secure the inner ring of the inner bearing. The inner bearing bore and end cap of the inner housing 5-2 secure the outer ring of the inner bearing. The outer bearing assembly 5-14 consists of an outer bearing and an end cap. The outer bearing is installed in the outer bearing bore of the outer housing 5-1. The outer end of the outer shaft 5-15 passes through the inner ring bore of the outer bearing assembly 5-14. The shoulder and retaining ring of the outer shaft 5-15 secure the inner ring of the outer bearing. The outer bearing bore and end cap of the outer housing 5-1 secure the outer ring of the outer bearing. Pinion 5-16 is mounted on side shaft 5-15 and positioned by the shoulder of side shaft 5-15. The pinion 5-16 and the shaft hole of side shaft 5-15 have an interference fit, and side shaft 5-15 rotates synchronously with pinion 5-16. Pinion 5-16 and large gear 5-12 have the same module and mesh, with large gear 5-12 being the driving gear and pinion 5-16 being the driven gear. Large bevel gear 5-17 is mounted on the side shaft and positioned by the shoulder of side shaft 5-15. It is tightened onto side shaft 5-15 using set screws on the hub of large bevel gear 5-17, and large bevel gear 5-17 rotates synchronously with side shaft 5-15. Side shaft 5-15 and its shaft-mounted components are symmetrically distributed in two groups around the central axis of main shaft 5-3 within their respective chambers, totaling four groups of side shaft 5-15 in the upper and lower chambers. Generator set 5-20 consists of a generator and a generator frame. The generator is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the inner shell 5-2 via the generator frame, and the generator frame and the inner shell 5-2 are fixed with screws. The generator small bevel gear 5-19 is mounted on the generator shaft head. The small bevel gear 5-19 and the shaft hole of the generator set 5-20 shaft head are interference fit. The shaft of generator set 5-20 rotates synchronously with the generator small bevel gear 5-19.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 is assembled as a whole, the remaining extension rod 5-5 and small heavy ball 5-6 are not assembled for the time being. The wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 in this state is placed into the spherical cavity, and the four small cylindrical protrusions on the bottom surface of the bottom shell 5-1 of the wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 are aligned with the four concave cylindrical holes 4-2 on the top surface of the insertion mounting plate assembly 4. The small heavy ball 5-6 is installed on the end of the extension rod 5-5, and the threaded hole of the small heavy ball 5-6 is connected to the stud at the end of the extension rod 5-5 and screwed in. The small heavy ball 5-6 is made of high-density metal, such as tungsten. The extension rod 5-5, along with the small heavy ball 5-6, is placed into the sphere cavity. The threaded hole at the end of the extension rod 5-5 aligns with the stud at the outer end of the horizontal shaft 5-4, and is screwed in for fixation. After the upper mounting plate assembly 6 is connected to the sphere cover 7, it is inserted into the sphere cavity. The concave holes on the bottom surface of the four connecting pillars 6-2 at the bottom of the upper mounting plate assembly 6 are aligned with the four small cylindrical bosses on the top surface of the outer shell 5-1 of the wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device 5, and inserted. The sphere cover 7 is then fixed to the sphere shell 1 with screws. The wave kinetic energy capture and conversion device 5 is installed between the middle mounting plate assembly 4 and the upper mounting plate assembly 6. Horizontal position constraint, vertical support, and clamping fixation are achieved through the alignment of the four pairs of bosses and concave holes.

[0071] In one embodiment of the invention, the wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 is installed inside the spherical cavity. When the entire buoy sphere floats on the sea surface and is affected by wave motion, the buoy sphere fluctuates up and down, sways left and right, and randomly rotates with the waves. The wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device 5 inside the spherical cavity moves along with the buoy sphere. The lever arm composed of the small heavy ball 5-6, the extension rod 5-5, and the horizontal axis 5-4, due to inertia, will rotate irregularly around the central axis of the main axis 5-3 relative to the buoy sphere as the entire device moves irregularly with the waves. The direction of rotation is random, and the rotation speed is determined by the magnitude of the wave kinetic energy. The pulley frame 5-7 and the pulley wheel 5-8 provide support for the rotational movement of the lever arm assembly of the small heavy ball 5-6, reducing motion resistance and restraining the tendency to tilt up and down. The main shaft 5-3 rotates with the lever arm assembly of the small ball 5-6. The inner ring of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10 rotates with the main shaft 5-3. Two sets of outer rings of the overrunning clutch assemblies 5-10 are symmetrically mounted, one of which rotates with the inner ring, while the other does not. The secondary shaft 5-11 rotates with the outer ring of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10. Through the one-way transmission characteristic of the overrunning clutch, when the main shaft 5-3 rotates forward, the upper secondary shaft 5-11 rotates forward with the main shaft 5-3 under the one-way transmission of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10, while the lower secondary shaft 5-11 does not rotate. When the main shaft 5-3 rotates in reverse, the lower secondary shaft 5-11 rotates in reverse with the main shaft 5-3 under the one-way transmission of the overrunning clutch assembly 5-10, while the upper secondary shaft 5-11 does not rotate. The large gear 5-12 rotates with the countershaft 5-11, the two small gears 5-16 on the same side rotate with the large gear 5-12, the side shaft 5-15 rotates with the small gears 5-16, the large bevel gear 5-17 rotates with the side shaft 5-15, the small bevel gear 5-19 rotates with the large bevel gear 5-17, and the generator set 5-20 shaft rotates with the small bevel gear 5-19. The generator set 5-20 rotates to generate electricity. Under the action of the unidirectional transmission mechanism, the generator set 5-20 on the same side maintains a constant rotation direction, thus the direction of the generated current does not change. This eliminates the need for current rectification, making it easier to plan the collection and storage of electrical energy, reducing circuit failure rates and energy consumption. The generator uses a permanent magnet brushless high-speed generator, resulting in high kinetic energy to electrical energy conversion efficiency. The generator set 5-20 outputs a constant-direction power supply to circuit board group 3 of the dual-energy intelligent management circuit board. Through intelligent control planning, it replenishes the battery pack 9, maintaining the equipment's operating range.

[0072] like Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11This is a structural diagram of the upper mounting plate assembly of a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The upper mounting plate assembly 6 mainly consists of an upper mounting plate 6-1, a connecting post 6-2, a Beidou stud 6-3, and a Beidou antenna 6-4. The stud end of the Beidou stud 6-3 is screwed into the threaded hole on the back of the Beidou antenna 6-4. The top surface of the upper mounting plate 6-1 is fitted against the threaded hole end of the Beidou stud 6-3 and fixed with screws. The stud end of the connecting post 6-2 is inserted through a hole on the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate 6-1 and screwed into the threaded hole of the inner bottom cylindrical platform of the spherical cover 7. The upper mounting plate 6-1 is clamped by the connecting post 6-2 and the inner bottom cylindrical platform of the spherical cover 7, thus connecting the upper mounting plate assembly 6 and the spherical cover 7 with the connecting post 6-2. The Beidou antenna 6-4 is used to transmit meteorological and hydrological information collected by the equipment, as well as equipment status information, including positioning, power level, and charging / discharging status, via Beidou satellite communication.

[0073] like Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the spherical cover of a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The spherical cover 7 is made of engineering plastics such as POM or composite materials and is manufactured using CNC machining technology. It has the characteristics of being lightweight, having considerable strength, being corrosion-resistant, having good hydrophobicity, being easy to seal, and having excellent electromagnetic wave filtering performance. The spherical cover 7 has holes for docking and installation with the spherical shell 1, and is fixed to the top opening of the spherical shell 1 with screws. The spherical cover 7 has a sealing ring pressing surface, which can fully press the sealing ring around the top opening of the spherical shell 1 when it is fastened with the spherical shell 1, forming a completely sealed spherical inner cavity with the spherical shell 1. The inner bottom of the spherical cover 7 has 4 cylindrical platforms, and the bottom of the cylindrical platforms has threaded mounting holes, which can be assembled with the connecting post 6-2 studs.

[0074] like Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is a three-view drawing and axonometric drawing of a solar panel assembly for a self-powered marine drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The solar panel assembly 8 consists of multiple monocrystalline silicon high-efficiency solar cells, manufactured using superior processes, resulting in lightweight, high strength, good sealing, corrosion resistance, easy cleaning by rainwater, and resistance to adhesion. The solar panel assembly 8 is installed at a certain angle around the outside of the spherical shell 1, secured by a snap-fit ​​structure between the spherical shell 1 and the spherical cover 7, using 3M adhesive. Each charging cable connects to the spherical cavity through a waterproof joint hidden behind the solar panel assembly 8, ensuring a robust and reliable sealing process and excellent airtightness within the spherical cavity. The solar panel assembly 8 is angled towards the unobstructed sky at multiple angles to efficiently collect solar energy, converting it into electrical energy to replenish the buoy system's battery and maintain the equipment's operating range.

[0075] In summary, the self-powered ocean drifting buoy powered by wave kinetic energy and solar energy converted to electricity of this invention features small size, light weight, easy modular installation and interchangeability, dual energy complementarity and intelligent switching, a high-efficiency wave kinetic energy capture mechanism, anti-interference fully sealed design, disposable and maintenance-free operation, and low deployment difficulty. It is suitable for long-term hydrological monitoring scenarios in the deep sea, especially for typhoon path tracking and data verification of offshore meteorological and hydrological detection systems. This invention achieves the combined goals of strong endurance and low maintenance frequency; the self-powered ocean drifting buoy using wave kinetic energy and solar energy converted to electricity achieves dual energy complementarity and intelligent switching, enabling continuous power supply under complex sea conditions, high energy conversion efficiency, and strong environmental adaptability.

[0076] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy, characterized in that, include: spherical shell (1), and, The lower mounting plate assembly (2) is horizontally installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the spherical shell (1); Two circuit board groups (3) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower mounting plate group (2); The middle mounting plate assembly (4) is installed directly above the middle part of the lower mounting plate assembly (2); A battery pack (9) is installed in the gap between the lower mounting plate group (2) and the middle mounting plate group (4); Wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device (5) is installed above the mounting plate assembly (4); A spherical cover (7) is installed at the top opening of the spherical shell (1); The upper mounting plate assembly (6) is installed on the lower part of the ball cover (7), and the wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device (5) is fastened and fixed to the bottom of the upper mounting plate assembly (6); A solar panel assembly (8) is installed on the outside of the spherical shell (1).

2. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mounting plate assembly (2) includes: Mounting plate (2-1), the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell (1); A screw hole bottom block (2-2) is used to connect the two mounting plates (2-1) and is installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate (2-1). The screw hole bottom block (2-2) and the mounting plate (2-1) are fixed by screws. A connecting code (2-3) is used to connect the two mounting plates (2-1) and is installed on the top surface of the mounting plate (2-1). The connecting code (2-3) and the screw hole bottom block (2-2) are fixed by screws.

3. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit board assembly (3) includes: Circuit board frame (3-1) is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the lower mounting plate assembly (2); The circuit board (3-2) is mounted on the circuit board frame (3-1) and fixed with screws.

4. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate assembly (4) includes: The mounting plate (4-1) is wider than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell (1); Multiple studs (4-3) are installed on the mounting position of the mounting plate (4-1), and a fence is formed between the multiple studs (4-3), and the battery pack (9) is located inside the fence; A concave truncated cone (4-2) is mounted on the mounting plate (4-1).

5. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave kinetic energy capture and electrical energy conversion device (5) includes an outer shell (5-1), an inner shell (5-2), a main shaft (5-3), a horizontal shaft (5-4), an extension rod (5-5), a small weight ball (5-6), a trolley frame (5-7), a trolley wheel (5-8), a main shaft bearing assembly (5-9), an overrunning clutch assembly (5-10), a secondary shaft (5-11), a large gear (5-12), a secondary shaft bearing assembly (5-13), a side shaft outer bearing assembly (5-14), a side shaft (5-15), a small gear (5-16), a large bevel gear (5-17), a side shaft inner bearing assembly (5-18), a generator small bevel gear (5-19), and a generator set (5-20). The main shaft bearing assembly (5-9) includes a main shaft bearing. The spindle bearing end cap and the spindle bearing end cap are installed in the center bearing hole of the inner shell (5-2). The center bearing hole of the inner shell (5-2) and the spindle bearing end cap fix the outer ring of the spindle bearing. The spindle (5-3) passes through the inner ring hole of the spindle bearing assembly (5-9). The shoulder of the spindle (5-3) and the shaft retaining ring fix the inner ring of the spindle bearing. The inner shell (5-2) and the spindle bearing assembly (5-9) are two sets installed symmetrically at the top and bottom. The inner end of the horizontal square shaft (5-4) is installed at the center of the spindle (5-3). The square post of the inner end of the horizontal square shaft (5-4) is inserted into the center square hole of the spindle (5-3) for assembly and tightened with a set screw. The trolley frame (5-7) is vertically installed on the outer end of the horizontal square shaft (5-4). The outer end square post of the horizontal shaft (5-4) is inserted into the square hole in the middle of the trolley frame (5-7) for assembly and tightened with a set screw; the trolley wheel (5-8) adopts a bearing wheel with extremely low rolling resistance. The two trolley wheels (5-8) are installed on the upper and lower horizontal shafts of the trolley frame (5-7). The shoulder of the horizontal shaft and the retaining ring of the shaft fix the inner ring of the bearing of the trolley wheel (5-8); the gap between the inner planes of the upper and lower inner shells (5-2) forms the track and constraint of the trolley wheel (5-8). There is a gap between the upper trolley wheel (5-8) and the inner plane of the upper inner shell (5-2); the overrunning clutch assembly (5-10) includes an overrunning clutch and a clutch end cover. The overrunning clutch is a one-way bearing. When the inner ring rotates forward, the outer ring follows the inner ring. The inner ring rotates synchronously; when the inner ring reverses, the outer ring remains stationary and does not rotate accordingly; the inner ring hole of the overrunning clutch assembly (5-10) is fitted with the main shaft (5-3), and the shoulder of the main shaft (5-3) and the shaft retaining ring fix the inner ring of the overrunning clutch; the large end of the auxiliary shaft (5-11) is fitted and assembled with the clutch end cover of the overrunning clutch assembly (5-10), and is fixed with screws; the large end face of the auxiliary shaft (5-11) and the clutch end cover fix the outer ring of the overrunning clutch; the overrunning clutch in the overrunning clutch assembly (5-10) has keyways on both the inner and outer rings, and the keyway of the inner ring of the overrunning clutch engages with the pin key on the main shaft (5-3); the inner ring of the overrunning clutch assembly (5-10) rotates synchronously with the main shaft (5-3);The keyway on the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is locked to the keyway inside the clutch end cover by inserting a pin. The secondary shaft (5-11) is locked to the clutch end cover, and the secondary shaft (5-11) rotates synchronously with the outer ring of the overrunning clutch assembly (5-10). The overrunning clutch assembly (5-10) is divided into upper and lower groups, symmetrically installed about the center of the main shaft (5-3) horizontally, with two overrunning clutches installed symmetrically and in opposite directions. The large gear (5-12) is mounted on the secondary shaft (5-11), with the gear hub facing inward. It is positioned by the shoulder of the secondary shaft (5-11) and tightened onto the secondary shaft (5-11) by the set screw on the hub of the large gear (5-12). The large gear (5-12) rotates synchronously with the secondary shaft (5-11). The bearing assembly (5-13) consists of a secondary shaft bearing and a secondary shaft bearing end cover. The secondary shaft bearing is installed in the secondary shaft bearing hole at the center of the outer shell (5-1). The small end of the secondary shaft (5-11) passes through the inner ring hole of the secondary shaft bearing assembly (5-13). The shoulder of the secondary shaft (5-11) and the shaft retainer ring fix the inner ring of the secondary shaft bearing. The secondary shaft bearing hole and the secondary shaft bearing end cover of the outer shell (5-1) fix the outer ring of the secondary shaft bearing. The side shaft inner bearing assembly (5-18) consists of a side shaft inner bearing and a side shaft inner bearing end cover. The side shaft inner bearing is installed in the side shaft inner bearing hole of the inner shell (5-2). The inner end of the side shaft (5-15) passes through the inner ring hole of the side shaft inner bearing assembly (5-18). The shoulder of the side shaft (5-15) and the shaft retainer ring fix the inner ring of the side shaft inner bearing assembly (5-18). The inner ring of the inner bearing of the fixed-side shaft is fixed by the inner bearing hole of the inner shell (5-2) and the inner bearing end cover of the inner shell (5-2). The outer bearing assembly (5-14) of the outer shaft consists of the outer bearing of the outer shaft and the outer bearing end cover of the outer shaft. The outer bearing of the outer shaft is installed in the outer bearing hole of the outer shell (5-1). The outer end of the side shaft (5-15) passes through the inner ring hole of the outer bearing assembly (5-14). The shoulder of the side shaft (5-15) and the retaining ring of the shaft spring fix the inner ring of the outer bearing of the outer shaft. The outer bearing hole of the outer shell (5-1) and the outer bearing end cover of the outer shell fix the outer ring of the outer shaft. The pinion (5-16) is installed on the side shaft (5-15) and positioned by the shoulder of the side shaft (5-15). The pinion (5-16) and the side shaft (5-14) are fixed together. The shaft hole of the side shaft (5-15) is an interference fit. The side shaft (5-15) rotates synchronously with the pinion (5-16). The pinion (5-16) and the large gear (5-12) have the same module and mesh with each other. The large gear (5-12) is the driving gear and the pinion (5-16) is the driven gear. The large bevel gear (5-17) is mounted on the side shaft and positioned by the shoulder of the side shaft (5-15). It is tightened on the side shaft (5-15) by the set screw on the hub of the large bevel gear (5-17). The large bevel gear (5-17) rotates synchronously with the side shaft (5-15). The side shaft (5-15) and its shaft-mounted parts are symmetrically distributed in two groups in the chamber about the central axis of the main shaft (5-3). There are a total of 4 groups of side shafts (5-15) in the upper and lower chambers.The generator set (5-20) consists of a generator and a generator frame. The generator is fixedly mounted on the outer plane of the inner shell (5-2) via the generator frame, and the generator frame and the inner shell (5-2) are fixed with screws. The generator pinion gear (5-19) is mounted on the generator shaft head, and the pinion gear (5-19) and the shaft hole of the generator set (5-20) shaft head are interference-fitted. The shaft of the generator set (5-20) rotates synchronously with the pinion gear (5-19).

6. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mounting plate assembly (6) includes an upper mounting plate (6-1), a connecting post (6-2), a Beidou stud (6-3), and a Beidou antenna (6-4). The stud end of the Beidou stud (6-3) is screwed into the threaded hole on the back of the Beidou antenna (6-4). The top surface of the upper mounting plate (6-1) is fitted with the threaded hole end of the Beidou stud (6-3) and fixed with screws. The stud end of the connecting post (6-2) is inserted through the hole on the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate (6-1) and screwed into the threaded hole of the inner bottom cylindrical platform of the spherical cover (7). The upper mounting plate (6-1) is clamped by the connecting post (6-2) and the inner bottom cylindrical platform of the spherical cover (7). That is, the upper mounting plate assembly (6) and the spherical cover (7) are connected by the connecting post (6-2).

7. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy based on wave kinetic energy and solar energy conversion as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The ball cover (7) is provided with a hole for docking and installation with the ball shell (1). It is fixed to the top opening of the ball shell (1) by screws. The ball cover (7) is provided with a sealing ring pressing plane. When it is fastened with the ball shell (1), it fully presses the sealing ring around the top opening of the ball shell (1) and forms a completely sealed spherical cavity with the ball shell (1). The inner bottom of the ball cover (7) is provided with four cylindrical platforms. The bottom of the cylindrical platforms has threaded mounting holes. The threaded mounting holes are assembled with the studs of the connecting column (6-2).

8. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy based on wave kinetic energy and solar energy conversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical shell (1) is made of polyethylene and is manufactured using rotational molding.

9. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy that converts wave kinetic energy and solar energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball cover (7) is made of POM and manufactured using CNC machining technology.

10. The self-powered ocean drifting buoy based on wave kinetic energy and solar energy conversion as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The battery pack (9) includes two batteries, the minimum diagonal of which is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the spherical shell (1).

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