Wind pendulum and propeller device of helicopter

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind pendulum and propeller device of a helicopter, belongs to the technical field of helicopter instrument production, and aims to solve the technical problems of torsion generated by rotation of a propeller, turning and flight power of the helicopter, flight control and the like by utilizing the wind pendulum and propeller device. According to the technical scheme, a propeller rotates anticlockwise to generate lift force, and the attack angle of blades is fixed; two groups of wind pendulums are mounted on a wind pendulum mounting frame below the propeller, are bilaterally symmetrical, are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and droop naturally; one end of the long connecting rod is connected with the piston rod; the hydraulic system is composed of two oil cylinders and an oil pipe, and a tail end piston rod is connected with a control handle rod. One handle rod controls the deflection direction and angle of one wind swing set through the hydraulic system and the long connecting rod. The device is suitable for flight power and flight control devices of helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles.

Description

I. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The device belongs to the technical field of helicopter machine production. II. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main structures of the power system and flight control system of the existing single-rotor helicopter include main propeller, tail rotor, tilt disc, hub, total distance control lever, and cyclic pitch lever. The main propeller generates lift to make the helicopter fly vertically, and the tail rotor generates counter torque to balance the body. The total distance control lever, tilt disc, and hub control the flapping of the blades, and the tail lift is greater than the front lift, so the propeller tilts forward to generate forward pulling force to pull the helicopter to fly forward. III. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0003] (I) The technical problem to be solved by the device is to provide a wind swing and propeller device for a helicopter to solve the problems of torque generated by propeller rotation, helicopter turning, flight power, and flight control.

[0004] (II) The technical solution adopted is: 1. According to the principles of aerodynamics and Newton's third law, the interaction force between two objects is equal in size and opposite in direction, acting on the same straight line. The wind direction generated by the rotation of the propeller is vertically downward, the acting force is vertically downward, and the obtained counterforce, i.e. the lift, is vertically upward. Changing the direction of wind force, blowing wind obliquely downward, will obtain obliquely upward counterforce, which can be decomposed into vertically upward lift and horizontally forward thrust.

[0005] 2. A set of propellers is used to blow wind vertically downward to provide lift for the helicopter, and two groups of wind swing systems are used to adjust and change the direction of part of the wind force to blow wind forward and downward or backward and downward to provide horizontal flight power and turning power for the helicopter. During flight, the thrust is converted from the lift generated by the rotation of the propeller, and the increase of thrust will correspondingly reduce the lift.

[0006] 3. A set of propellers is installed above the center of gravity of the helicopter body, and from the top, it rotates counterclockwise and blows wind vertically downward to generate lift and provide vertical flight power for the helicopter. As the total power source of the helicopter, the greater the rotation speed of the propeller, the greater the lift generated. The angle of attack of the blades is fixed at a certain angle and does not change.

[0007] 4. A circular wind pendulum mounting bracket is installed below the propeller and above the fuselage, the mounting bracket is installed on the fuselage, the mounting bracket is in a horizontal state, the center of the mounting bracket is vertically aligned with the center of gravity of the fuselage; multiple rectangular grids are arranged inside the mounting bracket, which are symmetrical left and right, bearing seat mounting holes are arranged on the left and right frame; the grid is divided into left and right sides, and two sets of wind pendulum groups and hydraulic control systems are installed respectively, the wind pendulum groups are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage, and naturally droop, and the wind pendulums in each group are parallel to each other; each group of wind pendulums is connected by a long connecting rod, the long connecting rod is connected with the piston rod of the hydraulic piston, and the deflection of each set of wind pendulum group can be controlled by a set of hydraulic system, and the two sets of wind pendulum groups can work independently.

[0008] 5. When the left side wind pendulum group of the fuselage deflects backward, the direction of part of the wind force generated by the propeller is changed, and the wind blows backward and downward, part of the lift is converted into forward thrust, and due to the action point of the part of the thrust on the left side of the fuselage, the forward thrust can make the fuselage rotate clockwise, and the direction of the moment generated by the counterclockwise rotation of the propeller is opposite, and when the force is equal, the fuselage can be stably kept in a certain direction.

[0009] 6. When the left and right wind pendulum groups deflect backward by a large angle, they blow backward and downward, and part of the lift is converted into forward thrust, the left thrust can make the fuselage rotate clockwise while moving forward, and the right thrust can make the fuselage rotate counterclockwise while moving forward, and when the left thrust minus the torque is equal to the right thrust, the helicopter can fly stably forward; when the left thrust minus the torque is greater than the right thrust, the fuselage turns right and flies; when the left thrust minus the torque is less than the right thrust, the fuselage turns left and flies; the total thrust is equal to the sum of the thrusts generated by the two wind pendulum groups, minus the torque generated by the propeller.

[0010] 7. Two sets of hydraulic piston systems are used to control the deflection of the two wind pendulum groups respectively according to the principle of hydraulic transmission, and two handle rods are used to control the extension and contraction of the piston rods of the two hydraulic systems respectively, and the two handle rods can be operated independently.

[0011] The composition of the device: propeller, two wind pendulum groups, two long connecting rods, two sets of hydraulic piston systems, two handle rods, wind pendulum mounting bracket, etc.

[0012] 1. The rotating disc is circular, a transmission shaft mounting hole is arranged at the center, and multiple sets of symmetrical mounting holes are arranged around the rotating disc; the rotating disc is installed on the upper end of the transmission shaft of the engine.

[0013] 2. The propeller has multiple blades, which are the same as the existing blade structure, and the blade handle is punched, the blades are installed on the rotating disc, the attack angle θ of the blades is about 8°, which is suitable for counterclockwise rotation, the propeller is installed on the top end of the transmission shaft, and the engine controls the rotation speed of the propeller.

[0014] 3. The wind swing mounting frame is circular, with multiple rectangular grids inside, the grids are symmetrical left and right, bearing seat mounting holes are arranged on the two side frames of the grids, and a piston oil cylinder mounting point is arranged at the rear end of the mounting frame; four vertical columns are arranged below the wind swing mounting frame, and the vertical columns are mounted above the machine body.

[0015] 4. The wind swing is rectangular, two shafts are arranged in the middle of the short edges at both ends, the shafts have the same shaft center, bearings and bearing seats are arranged on the shafts, and a small shaft is arranged on one side of the short edge, and the shaft center of the small shaft is parallel to the shaft center lines of the two shafts in the middle.

[0016] 5. The long connecting rod is long-shaped, multiple equidistant mounting holes are arranged, a U-shaped seat is arranged at one end, mounting holes are arranged on the two sides of the U-shaped seat, and the shaft center lines of the mounting holes are the same.

[0017] 6. Each hydraulic piston device is composed of two oil cylinders and oil pipes, one hydraulic oil cylinder is mounted in the U-shaped seat in the wind swing mounting frame, and the two ends can move up and down, the mounting hole at the top end of the piston rod is mounted in the U-shaped seat of the long connecting rod; the other oil cylinder is mounted in the U-shaped seat in the cab, and the two ends can move up and down.

[0018] 7. The mounting hole at the low end of the two handle control rods is mounted in the U-shaped seat in the cab, and can rotate forward and backward, the mounting hole at the top end of the piston rod of one oil cylinder is mounted in the U-shaped seat of the handle rod, and the extension and contraction of the piston rod are controlled by the handle.

[0019] 8. The bearing seat of the wind swing is mounted on the mounting frame, the small shaft of the wind swing and the shaft sleeve of the long connecting rod are mounted together to form a wind swing group, the U-shaped seat is mounted at one end of the long connecting rod, the hydraulic piston connecting rod is mounted in the U-shaped seat, the hydraulic oil cylinder is mounted on the frame, and the wind swing, the long connecting rod, the hydraulic piston device and the handle rod form an integral whole, and one handle rod controls the deflection of one group of wind swings.

[0020] Usage: 1. Start the engine, the propeller rotates counterclockwise, generates lift, generates counterclockwise torque, steps on the accelerator with the foot, increases the rotation speed of the engine and the propeller, increases the lift, and the helicopter vertically takes off; when the helicopter is about to leave the ground, the left handle rod is pushed forward, the piston rod of the left hydraulic system is compressed, the left long connecting rod is driven to move forward, the left wind swing group is deflected backward, and wind is blown backward and downward, generating horizontal forward thrust to offset the torque. After leaving the ground, according to the rotation speed of the propeller, the left handle rod is pushed and pulled to adjust the deflection angle of the left wind swing group, so that the direction of the machine head can be determined and adjusted in place, and the helicopter can hover at a certain height in the air.

[0021] 2. In the air, push the two handle rods forward at the same time, make the left and right wind swing groups deflect a large angle backward, blow air downward, the two wind swing groups produce forward thrust, push the helicopter to fly forward; the larger the deflection angle of the wind swing group, the greater the thrust, the greater the forward flight speed; in the moment of forward flight, part of the lift force is converted into thrust, the lift force decreases, the fuselage will lower a certain height.

[0022] 3. In the process of forward flight, pull the two handle rods backward, reduce the deflection angle of the wind swing group backward, reduce the thrust, and can reduce the flight speed; when the deflection angle of the right wind swing group is zero, adjust the deflection angle of the left wind swing group, so that the helicopter head can hover in a certain direction, reduce the propeller speed, and make the helicopter land vertically.

[0023] 4. In the process of forward flight, quickly pull the two handle rods backward, make the left and right wind swing groups deflect forward, blow air forward and downward, produce backward thrust, can slow down the helicopter, brake, and fly backward.

[0024] 5. In the whole flight process, the propeller controls the flight height, increases or reduces the lift force by adjusting the engine and propeller speed, the greater the lift force, the higher the flight height; the wind swing group controls the flight direction, flight speed, and landing point of the helicopter, adjusts the deflection angle of the left and right wind swings, adjusts the thrust of the two sides, determines the turning direction, increases the deflection angle of the wind swing, increases the thrust, can increase the flight speed, the greater the deflection angle of the wind swing, the greater the thrust, the greater the flight speed.

[0025] (Three) beneficial effects: 1. The device uses a propeller, 2 sets of wind swing groups, and a hydraulic control system and handle rods instead of hinge structure, tilt disc, total distance control lever, cycle variable distance lever and tail rotor, makes the helicopter power structure simple, and the production cost is greatly reduced; 2. The wind swing group does not consume power and does not produce wind force when working, only changes the direction of the wind force generated by the propeller to obtain forward flight power 3. Adjust the deflection angle of the two wind swing groups by controlling the engine throttle and the two handle rods, which can solve the problems of fuselage balance and stability, fuselage turning power, and helicopter forward flight power, making it easier to drive the helicopter.

[0026] (Four) scope of application: The device is suitable for flight power and flight control device of helicopter and unmanned aerial vehicle. Four, brief description of the drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is the front view of the wind swing mounting frame; in the figure: 1. wind swing ring frame, 2. frame, 3. mounting hole, 4. right side stand, 5. frame, 6. mounting hole, 7. right side U-shaped seat, 8, mounting hole, 9. left side frame, 10. left side stand, 11. left side U-shaped seat, 12. right side frame.

[0028] Figure 2 Figure 6 is a rear view of the wind vane mounting.

[0029] Figure 3 Figure 7 is a left view of the wind vane mounting.

[0030] Figure 4 Figure 8 is a plan view of the wind vane; in the figure, 13. shaft, 14. small shaft, 15. shaft, 16. wind vane.

[0031] Figure 5 Figure 9 is a side view of the wind vane;

[0032] Figure 6 Figure 10 is a front view of the long connecting rod; in the figure, 17. mounting hole, 18. mounting hole, 19. U-shaped seat, 20. long connecting rod.

[0033] Figure 7 Figure 11 is a plan view of the rotating disc; in the figure, 21. mounting hole, 22. rotating disc, 23. transmission shaft mounting hole.

[0034] Figure 8 Figure 12 is a plan view of the paddle; in the figure, 24. blade handle, 25. mounting hole, 26. paddle

[0035] Figure 9 Figure 13 is a side view of the paddle; in the figure, 53. horizontal plane, θ is the angle of attack of the paddle, 54. center line of the paddle cross section.

[0036] Figure 10 Figure 14 is a plan view of the propeller.

[0037] Figure 11 Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic piston structure; in the figure, 27. piston rod, 28. mounting hole, 29. hydraulic cylinder, 30. cylinder mounting hole.

[0038] Figure 12 Figure 16 is a side view of the U-shaped seat; in the figure, 31. shaft hole, 32. U-shaped seat.

[0039] Figure 13 Figure 17 is a side view of the U-shaped seat.

[0040] Figure 14 Figure 18 is a plan view of the shaft; in the figure, 33. inserted shaft.

[0041] Figure 15 Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the handle rod; in the figure, 34. mounting hole, 35. handle rod.

[0042] Figure 16 Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the wind vane installation plan; in the figure, 36. shaft, bearing, bearing seat; 37. left wind vane group, 38. right wind vane group.

[0043] Figure 17 Figure 21 is a rear view of the wind vane installation.

[0044] Figure 18 Figure 1 is a rear view of the propeller and the wind vane mounting structure.

[0045] Figure 19 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the wind vane group and the hydraulic system mounting structure; in the figure, 29. front end oil cylinder, 41. U-shaped seat and piston rod mounting hole and shaft (33), 42. U-shaped seat, shaft, mounting hole, 43. oil pipe, 44. U-shaped seat, shaft, mounting hole, 45. U-shaped seat, shaft, mounting hole, 55. rear end oil cylinder. Pushing the handle rod (35) makes the hydraulic system oil cylinder (55) one end link retract and the other end link (27) extend, pushing the long link, the wind vane upper end moves forward, the wind vane (16) of the wind vane group rotates along the two shafts in the middle of the wind vane, and the whole wind vane group deflects backward. When working, both oil cylinders rotate downward along the rotation shaft (42).

[0046] Figure 20 Figure 3 is a wind force diagram when the helicopter leaves the ground; in the figure, 46. suction wind force, 47. propeller rotation plane, 48. left wind vane deflection, 49. backward downward wind force, 50. right wind vane, 51. right wind force, 52. peripheral wind force.

[0047] Figure 21 Figure 4 is a wind force decomposition diagram; F1 is the lift, F2 is the thrust, and F3 is the wind force.

[0048] Figure 22 Figure 5 is a horizontal force analysis diagram in the vertical flight stage; F4 is the torsion generated by the rotation of the propeller, and F5 is the thrust generated by the left wind vane. When the helicopter leaves the ground, the torsion F4 is generated, the left wind vane group deflects backward to generate the thrust F5, and the torsion and the thrust are opposite in the tangent point direction. When the size is equal, the nose is stable, and the helicopter rises or hovers; when the thrust F5 is less than the torsion F4, the helicopter turns left in place; when the thrust is greater than the torsion, the helicopter turns right in place.

[0049] Figure 23 Figure 6 is a vertical force analysis diagram; F6 is the lift generated by the rotation of the propeller, and G is the gravity.

[0050] Figure 24 Figure 7 is a wind force diagram when both wind vane groups deflect backward;

[0051] Figure 25is a horizontal force analysis diagram; in the diagram, F5 is the thrust generated by the left wind sway, and F7 is the thrust generated by the right wind sway. When the helicopter hovers or ascends, the left and right wind sways are both deflected by a large angle to the rear, the action points of the thrust F5 generated by the left wind sway group and the thrust F7 generated by the right wind sway group are symmetrical left and right, and both are to the front; when the left thrust F5 minus the torque F4 is equal to the right thrust F7, i.e. F5-F4=F7, the helicopter flies in a fixed direction; when the left thrust F5 minus the torque F4 is greater than the right thrust F7, i.e. F5-F4>F7, the helicopter flies to the right; when the left thrust F5 minus the torque F4 is less than the right thrust F7, i.e. F5-F4<F7, the helicopter flies to the left.

[0052] Figure 26 is a total force analysis diagram in the flight phase; in the diagram, F8 is the lift, F9 is the total thrust, and F10 is the resistance; the total thrust F9 generated by the helicopter is equal to the left thrust plus the right thrust minus the torque, i.e. F9=F5+F7-F4. V. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] 1. Figure 1 In the figure, a plurality of pairs of frames are arranged inside the circular mounting frame (1) and are symmetrical to each other; bearing seat mounting holes (3), (6) and (8) are arranged on the left and right sides of the frame, and two U-shaped seats (7) and (11) are symmetrically arranged at the tail to install the piston oil cylinder; four vertical columns are installed on the top of the fuselage.

[0054] 2. Figure 4 In the figure, the wind sway (16) is in the shape of a rectangle, two shafts (13) and (15) are arranged in the middle of the two short sides, the shaft center lines are the same, bearings are arranged on the shafts, bearing seats are arranged on the bearings, a small shaft (14) is arranged at the edge of one end of the wind sway, and the small shaft center line is parallel to the other two shaft center lines.

[0055] 3. Figure 6 In the figure, seven mounting holes (17) are drilled on a long cuboid long connecting rod, a U-shaped seat (19) is arranged at one end, the two mounting hole axes of the U-shaped seat are parallel to the axes of the other seven mounting holes, and seven small shafts (14) of the wind sway are arranged in the seven mounting holes.

[0056] 4. Figure 7 In the figure, a transmission shaft mounting hole (23) is drilled at the center of the rotating disc (22), and eight mounting holes (21) are symmetrically arranged around the rotating disc (22).

[0057] 5. Figure 8 In the figure, a mounting hole (25) is arranged on the blade handle (24) of the rectangular blade (26).

[0058] 6. Figure 9In Fig. 10, the center line (54) of the blade stem section is 8° to the horizontal (53), and the 4-blade stem (24) is installed in the rotating disc mounting hole to form a counter-clockwise rotating propeller.

[0059] 7. Figure 11 In the middle part of the outer side of the hydraulic piston cylinder (29) (55), an installation hole (30) is provided, and the outer end of the piston rod (27) is provided with an installation hole (28). The axis of the two installation holes is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod.

[0060] 8. Figure 12 、 Figure 13 In the middle part of the outer side of the hydraulic piston cylinder (29) (55), an installation hole (30) is provided, and the outer end of the piston rod (27) is provided with an installation hole (28). The axis of the two installation holes is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod.

[0061] 9. Figure 15 In the middle part of the outer side of the hydraulic piston cylinder (29) (55), an installation hole (30) is provided, and the outer end of the piston rod (27) is provided with an installation hole (28). The axis of the two installation holes is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod.

[0062] 10. Figure 16 In the middle part of the outer side of the hydraulic piston cylinder (29) (55), an installation hole (30) is provided, and the outer end of the piston rod (27) is provided with an installation hole (28). The axis of the two installation holes is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod.

[0063] 11. Figure 18 In the middle part of the outer side of the hydraulic piston cylinder (29) (55), an installation hole (30) is provided, and the outer end of the piston rod (27) is provided with an installation hole (28). The axis of the two installation holes is parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod.

[0064] 12. Figure 19In the middle, the 7 wind pendulum small shafts (14) on the left are installed in the mounting hole (17) of the long connecting rod (20) to form a whole, the mounting hole of the piston rod (27) is inserted into the U-shaped seat (19) at one end of the long connecting rod and is fixed with the shaft (33), and the piston rod can rotate along the shaft; the mounting hole (30) of the piston cylinder (29) is installed on the U-shaped seat (11) and is fixed with the shaft (33), and the piston cylinder can rotate along the shaft. Another piston cylinder (55) is installed in the cab and can rotate along the shaft (42), the handle rod (35) is installed in the cab, the mounting hole (34) of which is installed on the U-shaped seat (45) and is fixed with the shaft (33), and the handle rod can rotate along the shaft; the mounting hole of the piston rod of the piston cylinder (55) is installed in the U-shaped seat of the handle rod (44) and is fixed with the shaft (33), and the piston rod can rotate along the shaft (44). The center lines of the mounting hole of the front end oil cylinder (29), the mounting hole of the piston rod, the mounting hole of the U-shaped seat, the outer sleeve of the long connecting rod, and the central axis of the wind pendulum are parallel; the center lines of the mounting hole of the oil cylinder in the cab, the mounting hole of the piston rod, and the mounting hole of the handle rod are parallel.

[0065] The installation methods of the 7 wind pendulums on the right, the hydraulic system, the handle rod, and the wind pendulum on the left are the same.

Claims

1. A wind vane and propeller assembly for a helicopter, characterized in that: The propeller is above and the swing arms are below. Two levers control the deflection of the two swing arms through two hydraulic systems.

2. The wind vane and propeller device for a helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple blades are mounted on a turntable, which is mounted on the upper end of the drive shaft. The turntable rotates counterclockwise, and the blade angle of attack remains fixed.

3. The wind vane and propeller device for a helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind swing mounting frame is circular and is installed above the fuselage and below the propeller via four columns. Multiple symmetrical frames are set inside the mounting frame.

4. The wind vane and propeller device for a helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of air swings are installed on the frame of the air swing mounting bracket, located on both sides of the fuselage, symmetrical from left to right, and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage. Each set of air swings is connected by a long connecting rod, and can deflect forward or backward together. The mounting seat at one end of the long connecting rod is connected to a piston rod of the hydraulic system.

5. The wind vane and propeller device for a helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each hydraulic system consists of two hydraulic cylinders, piston rods, oil pipes, etc., connected together, with mounting holes at both ends of the piston rods.

6. The wind vane and propeller device for a helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the two levers are installed in the U-shaped seats in the cab, which can rotate back and forth. The U-shaped seats are installed in the middle, and the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the U-shaped seats. One lever controls the deflection of a set of wind swings.

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