A heavy metal sewage treatment device and a selective separation method of rubidium ions

Abstract

The application provides a heavy metal sewage treatment device and a selective separation method of rubidium ions. The heavy metal sewage treatment device comprises a collecting mechanism placed on the ground. The heavy metal sewage treatment device and the selective separation method of rubidium ions provided by the application realize automatic collection and transportation of sewage generated in multiple preparations by opening a discharge pump through cooperation of a floating ball and a discharge switch in a collecting tank, reduce the labor intensity of operators, avoid direct and frequent contact of operators with high-toxicity waste liquid, sequentially flow of waste water in a closed system, avoidance of personnel contact, significant improvement of production safety, realization of standard discharge and process treatment of high-toxicity acidic waste liquid, avoidance of exposure and secondary pollution of intermediate links, ensuring of thoroughness of chemical reactions, stable treatment effect guarantee of drainage up to standard, and avoidance of local unevenness or insufficient reaction by mixing and stirring of multiple medicaments and sewage through the setting of a stirring mechanism.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a heavy metal sewage treatment device and a selective separation method of rubidium ions. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heavy metals (such as chromium, mercury, lead, cadmium, etc.) are non-biodegradable and bioaccumulative, and once discharged through sewage (from electroplating, mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, etc.) into water bodies, they will be enriched through the food chain, ultimately endangering human health (such as damaging the nervous system, kidneys, and bones), and destroying the ecosystem. In the field of radioanalysis, which is highly specialized, inorganic ion exchangers have been deeply integrated into various analysis processes and play an indispensable key role due to their outstanding high radiation stability and excellent selectivity, with a very wide range of applications. These ion exchangers include zirconium phosphate, salts formed by polybasic acids and polyvalent metal cations, complex structural heteropolyacid salts, and unique insoluble metal ferricyanide. Acidic heavy metal wastewater generated during the preparation of ion exchangers needs to be treated and discharged in accordance with standards.

[0003] The existing heavy metal sewage treatment device when treating acidic heavy metal wastewater generated during the preparation of the exchanger, the exchanger preparation generates 500ml The waste liquid contains chromium and cyanide heavy metal ions, which are treated by adding the corresponding treatment reagent from the treatment device and then discharged in accordance with standards.

[0004] However, the existing heavy metal sewage treatment device has high single treatment device cost, actual treatment time is short, but the overall process preparation time is longer than the equipment working time and requires multiple manual interventions, the efficiency is low, and the small volume treatment requires precise control of the reagent dosage, which is prone to cause reagent waste due to metering errors, the unit treatment cost of single start-up equipment is high, and the economic benefit is low.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a heavy metal sewage treatment device and a selective separation method of rubidium ions to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a heavy metal sewage treatment device and a selective separation method of rubidium ions, which solves the problems of high cost and difficult control of reagent dosage when treating small volume waste liquid.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided by the present application comprises a collecting mechanism placed on the ground, wherein the collecting mechanism comprises a collecting tank, the collecting tank is fixedly installed on the ground through a support column, a collecting pipe is communicated with the top of the collecting tank, a floating ball support column is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the collecting tank, a floating ball is slidably connected to the surface of the floating ball support column, a discharge switch is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the collecting tank through a connecting column, the floating ball is installed in matching with the discharge switch, a first water pipe is communicated with the bottom of the collecting tank, an output end of a discharge pump is communicated with a second water pipe;

[0008] a treatment mechanism communicated with the second water pipe for treating heavy metal sewage;

[0009] a solid recovery box placed on the ground and communicated with the bottom of the treatment mechanism for recovering solid sludge;

[0010] a transmission mechanism communicated with one side of the treatment mechanism for transmitting clear liquid;

[0011] a biological filter tower mechanism communicated with the transmission mechanism for biological depth treatment;

[0012] a stirring mechanism fixedly installed on the top of the treatment mechanism for stirring and mixing medicaments and heavy metal sewage;

[0013] a medicament inlet, four medicament inlets are formed on the top of the treatment mechanism for putting four kinds of medicaments.

[0014] Preferably, the treatment mechanism comprises a treatment tank, the outer wall of the treatment tank is fixedly installed on the ground through a support column, a bottom cover is fixedly installed on the bottom of the treatment tank, a top cover is fixedly installed on the top of the treatment tank, a ventilation hole is formed on the top of the top cover, four medicament inlets are formed on the top of the top cover, and the top of the solid recovery box is communicated with the bottom of the treatment tank.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission pump placed on the ground, the water suction end of the transmission pump is communicated with the inside of the treatment tank through a third water pipe, and the water outlet end of the transmission pump is communicated with a fourth water pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the biological filter tower mechanism comprises a tower body, the bottom of the tower body is fixedly installed on the ground through a support column, two filter plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower body, two transparent windows are arranged on the outer wall of the tower body, a drain pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tower body, and the fourth water pipe is communicated with the top of the tower body.

[0017] Preferably, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor fixedly installed on the top of the top cover, an output shaft of the stirring motor penetrating through the top of the top cover and extending into the inside of the treatment tank, a stirring shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor, and two stirring branch plates fixedly installed on the surface of the stirring shaft, and six stirring plates fixedly installed in the inside of the two stirring branch plates.

[0018] Preferably, the surface of the stirring shaft is fixedly installed with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a driving branch plate fixedly installed on the surface of the stirring shaft, a sliding groove formed in the inside of the driving branch plate, a pneumatic cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the driving branch plate, the pneumatic cylinder being installed in fit with the stirring shaft, a sliding block fixedly connected to the output end of the pneumatic cylinder through a connecting plate, a buffer fixedly installed on the top of the sliding block through a bottom column, and a driving block fixedly installed on the top of the buffer.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the top cover is fixedly installed with a lye tank, a sodium hypochlorite tank, a dilute sulfuric acid tank, and a reducing agent tank.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom of each of the lye tank, the sodium hypochlorite tank, the dilute sulfuric acid tank, and the reducing agent tank is communicated with a discharging mechanism, the discharging mechanism comprises a discharging pipe, a discharging shaft rotatably installed on the inner wall of the discharging pipe, one end of the discharging shaft penetrating through the inner wall of the discharging pipe and extending to the outside, a right-angle plate fixedly installed on the end of the discharging shaft outside the discharging pipe, a discharging plate fixedly installed on the surface of the discharging shaft inside the discharging pipe, a compression spring fixedly installed on the top of the right-angle plate, and four compression springs each fixedly installed on the bottom of the lye tank, the sodium hypochlorite tank, the dilute sulfuric acid tank, and the reducing agent tank, and the driving block being installed in fit with the four right-angle plates.

[0021] Preferably, the inner wall of the treatment tank is fixedly installed with a pH detector and a cyanide detector, respectively.

[0022] A selective separation method of rubidium ions, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: preparing an inorganic ion exchanger gel;

[0024] S11: preparation a chromium chloride aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.10 mol / L, a chromium chloride aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.01 mol / L and a potassium ferricyanide aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.30 mol / L;

[0025] S12: slowly adding the above-mentioned chromium chloride solution drop by drop into the potassium ferricyanide solution in a thermostat at a temperature of 363 K, and The gel is formed by mixing for 6 hours at a mixing ratio of 0.33 and a stirring speed of 200 rpm;

[0026] S13: The gel is sieved to 50-10 mesh, and then immersed in 500 ml of a 1.0 mol / L solution for 48 hours to obtain a type inorganic ion exchanger;

[0027] S2: Selective separation of rubidium ions;

[0028] S21: The inorganic ion exchanger gel is mixed with a solution containing rubidium ions, and oscillated in a 4 mol / L solution for 2 hours to adsorb the rubidium ions on the inorganic ion exchanger gel, which is loaded into a glass column with a length of 30 cm and an inner diameter of 0.5 cm, supported by glass wool, to form a glass column containing the gel adsorbing rubidium ions;

[0029] S22: The glass column containing the gel adsorbing rubidium ions is allowed to stand for 15 minutes, and then eluted with water to collect the effluent, and then eluted with a solution to recover the rubidium ions, with a recovery rate of 97.9%-99.6%.

[0030] Compared with the related art, the heavy metal wastewater treatment device provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The heavy metal wastewater treatment device provided by the application realizes automatic collection and transportation of wastewater produced by multiple preparations, reduces the labor intensity of operators, avoids direct and frequent contact of operators with high-toxicity waste liquid, avoids personnel contact in a closed system, significantly improves production safety, realizes standard discharge and process treatment of high-toxicity acidic waste liquid, avoids exposure and secondary pollution in intermediate links, ensures thoroughness of chemical reactions, stabilizes treatment effect to ensure that wastewater meets standards, mixes and stirs multiple reagents and wastewater by setting a stirring mechanism, and avoids local unevenness or insufficient reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the heavy metal wastewater treatment device provided by the application;

[0033] Figure 2 Another structure schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the heavy metal wastewater treatment device;

[0034] Figure 3 A structure schematic view of the collection mechanism shown in Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a heavy metal wastewater treatment device.

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the processing mechanism.

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the transmission mechanism.

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the biofilter tower mechanism.

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the stirring mechanism.

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the installation of the drive mechanism;

[0041] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Another installation diagram of the drive mechanism shown;

[0042] Figure 11 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the drive mechanism.

[0043] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A shown below;

[0044] Figure 13 for Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the alkali tank.

[0045] Figure 14 for Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a sodium hypochlorite box.

[0046] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The enlarged schematic diagram of section B is shown below;

[0047] Figure 16 for Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the dilute sulfuric acid tank.

[0048] Figure 17 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the reducing agent tank.

[0049] The figure marks: 1, collecting mechanism, 101, collecting tank, 102, collecting pipe, 103, floating ball support, 104, floating ball, 105, discharge switch, 106, first water pipe, 107, discharge pump, 108, second water pipe, 2, processing mechanism, 201, processing tank, 202, bottom cover, 203, top cover, 3, solid recovery box, 4, conveying mechanism, 401, conveying pump, 402, third water pipe, 403, fourth water pipe, 5, biological filter tower mechanism, 501, tower body, 502, filter plate, 503, transparent window, 504, drain pipe, 6, stirring mechanism, 601, stirring motor, 602, stirring shaft, 603, stirring support plate, 604, stirring plate, 7, driving mechanism, 701, driving support plate, 702, chute, 703, air cylinder, 704, sliding block, 705, bottom column, 706, buffer, 707, driving block, 8, medicine inlet, 9, air hole, 10, lye tank, 11, sodium hypochlorite tank, 12, dilute sulfuric acid tank, 13, reducing agent tank, 14, pH detector, 15, cyanide detector, 16, discharge mechanism, 1601, discharge pipe, 1602, discharge shaft, 1603, discharge plate, 1604, right-angle plate, 1605, compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0051] A heavy metal sewage treatment device

[0052] First embodiment

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1-8 A heavy metal sewage treatment device, comprising: a collecting mechanism 1 placed on the ground, the collecting mechanism 1 comprising a collecting tank 101, the collecting tank 101 being fixedly installed on the ground through a support column, the top of the collecting tank 101 being communicated with a collecting pipe 102, the top of the inner wall of the collecting tank 101 being fixedly installed with a floating ball support 103, the surface of the floating ball support 103 being slidingly connected with a floating ball 104, the top of the inner wall of the collecting tank 101 being fixedly installed with a discharge switch 105 through a connecting column, the floating ball 104 being adaptively installed with the discharge switch 105, the bottom of the collecting tank 101 being communicated with a discharge pump 107 through a first water pipe 106, the output end of the discharge pump 107 being communicated with a second water pipe 108;

[0054] A processing mechanism 2, the processing mechanism 2 being communicated with the second water pipe 108 for processing heavy metal sewage;

[0055] A solid recovery box 3, the solid recovery box 3 being placed on the ground and being communicated with the bottom of the processing mechanism 2 for recovering solid sludge;

[0056] A transmission mechanism 4 in communication with one side of the processing mechanism 2 for transmitting clear liquid;

[0057] A biological filter tower mechanism 5 in communication with the transmission mechanism 4 for biological deep treatment;

[0058] A stirring mechanism 6 fixedly installed on the top of the processing mechanism 2 for stirring and mixing medicaments and heavy metal sewage;

[0059] Four medicament inlets 8 provided on the top of the processing mechanism 2 for putting four kinds of medicaments.

[0060] The processing mechanism 2 comprises a processing tank 201, the outer wall of the processing tank 201 is fixedly installed on the ground through a support column, a bottom cover 202 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the processing tank 201, a top cover 203 is fixedly installed on the top of the processing tank 201, air holes 9 are provided on the top of the top cover 203, four medicament inlets 8 are provided on the top of the top cover 203, and the top of the solid recovery box 3 is in communication with the bottom of the processing tank 201.

[0061] The transmission mechanism 4 comprises a transmission pump 401 placed on the ground, the water suction end of the transmission pump 401 is in communication with the inside of the processing tank 201 through a third water pipe 402, and the water outlet end of the transmission pump 401 is in communication with a fourth water pipe 403.

[0062] The biological filter tower mechanism 5 comprises a tower body 501, the bottom of the tower body 501 is fixedly installed on the ground through a support column, two filter plates 502 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower body 501, two transparent view windows 503 are arranged on the outer wall of the tower body 501, a drain pipe 504 is in communication with the bottom of the tower body 501, and the fourth water pipe 403 is in communication with the top of the tower body 501.

[0063] The stirring mechanism 6 comprises a stirring motor 601 fixedly installed on the top of the top cover 203, the output shaft of the stirring motor 601 penetrates the top of the top cover 203 and extends to the inside of the processing tank 201, the output shaft of the stirring motor 601 is fixedly connected with a stirring shaft 602, the surface of the stirring shaft 602 is fixedly installed with two stirring branch plates 603, and six stirring plates 604 are fixedly installed in the inside of the two stirring branch plates 603.

[0064] In actual use, the stirring plates 604 are provided with at least six stirring plates; the air holes 9 are connected with external gas treatment equipment; biological fillers are arranged on the top of the two filter plates 502 and can be replaced regularly; the reducing agent is sodium metabisulfite; and the alkali medicament can be sodium hydroxide solution.

[0065] The working principle of the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided by the application is as follows:

[0066] Firstly, 500ml of the exchange agent is prepared at one time The heavy metal sewage containing chromium and cyanide heavy metal ions is collected into the inside of the collecting tank 101 through the collecting pipe 102. When the exchange agent is prepared for multiple times, the water level of the heavy metal sewage gradually rises. At this time, the floating ball 104 is pushed to rise. When the floating ball 104 contacts the discharge switch 105, the discharge pump 107 is opened. The discharge pump 107 draws the sewage through the first water pipe 106 and discharges the sewage into the inside of the treatment tank 201 through the second water pipe 108.

[0067] Then, the lye, sodium hypochlorite solution, reducing agent and dilute sulfuric acid are put into the four medicine inlets 8. The lye is slowly dripped by hand. The stirring motor 601 is started. The stirring motor 601 drives the stirring shaft 602 to rotate. The stirring shaft 602 drives the six stirring plates 604 to rotate through the stirring branch plate 603. The lye is added and stirred at the same time. The excessive nitric acid is neutralized and the pH value is adjusted. The pH value is measured by hand to reach the optimal pH environment required by the cyanide breaking reaction. The stirring and the pH>11 are maintained. The sodium hypochlorite solution is slowly added. After the sodium hypochlorite solution is added, the stirring reaction is continued. After the reaction for several hours, it is ensured that the cyanide is completely oxidized. Then, the acidic sewage is converted into the alkaline sewage and oxidized to convert the cyanide into the non-toxic salt. The sewage treated by the cyanide breaking is dripped into the dilute sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 2.0-3.0.

[0068] Then, the chromium ion is treated to convert the high toxicity into the low toxicity , and the precipitation is separated. At this time, the reducing agent is added and the stirring is continued. The color of the solution changes from the yellow characteristic color to the blue-green color. The stirring reaction is continued for 30 minutes to ensure that the reduction is complete. The pH value of the sewage after the reduction is slowly adjusted to 8.0-9.0 by the lye. At this time, the gray-blue flocculent precipitate is generated. The stirring is stopped and the precipitate is fully settled.

[0069] Then, the transmission pump 401 is started. The supernatant is drawn through the third water pipe 402 to the top of the tower body 501 and is sprayed downward through the fourth water pipe 403. The biological filler is placed on the filter plate 502. The supernatant is finally detected after the biological advanced treatment and is discharged after reaching the standard. The solid sludge is recovered by manually opening the solid recovery box 3 after the supernatant is drawn to carry out the hazardous waste treatment. The air permeable hole 9 is used for recovering the waste gas generated in the reaction.

[0070] Compared with the related art, the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] The sewage produced by multiple preparations is automatically collected and transported by opening the discharge pump 107 through the cooperation of the float ball 104 and the discharge switch 105 in the collecting tank 101, the labor intensity of the operator is reduced, the direct and frequent contact of the operator with the high-toxicity waste liquid is avoided, the waste water is sequentially transferred in a closed system to avoid personnel contact, the production safety is significantly improved, the high-toxicity acid waste liquid is discharged and processed in a process, the exposure and secondary pollution of the intermediate link are avoided, the completeness of the chemical reaction is ensured, the treatment effect is stable, the drainage is guaranteed to meet the standard, and the mixing and stirring of various medicaments and sewage are avoided by setting the stirring mechanism 6 to avoid local unevenness or insufficient reaction.

[0072] Second embodiment

[0073] Please refer to Figures 4-17 Based on the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided by the first embodiment of the application, the second embodiment of the application provides another heavy metal sewage treatment device. The second embodiment is only a preferred mode of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment does not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0074] Specifically, the difference between the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided by the second embodiment of the application is that the surface of the stirring shaft 602 is fixedly installed with a driving mechanism 7, the driving mechanism 7 includes a driving branch plate 701, the driving branch plate 701 is fixedly installed on the surface of the stirring shaft 602, a sliding groove 702 is formed in the inside of the driving branch plate 701, a gas cylinder 703 is fixedly installed on the top of the driving branch plate 701, the gas cylinder 703 is installed in adaptation with the stirring shaft 602, a sliding block 704 is fixedly connected to the output end of the gas cylinder 703 through a connecting plate, a buffer 706 is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding block 704 through a bottom column 705, and a driving block 707 is fixedly installed on the top of the buffer 706.

[0075] The bottom of the top cover 203 is fixedly installed with a lye tank 10, a sodium hypochlorite tank 11, a dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 and a reducing agent tank 13.

[0076] The bottom of the lye tank 10, the sodium hypochlorite tank 11, the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 and the reducing agent tank 13 is communicated with a discharge mechanism 16, the discharge mechanism 16 includes a discharge pipe 1601, the inner wall of the discharge pipe 1601 is rotatably installed with a discharge shaft 1602, one end of the discharge shaft 1602 penetrates the inner wall of the discharge pipe 1601 and extends to the outside, the end of the discharge shaft 1602 located outside the discharge pipe 1601 is fixedly installed with a right angle plate 1604, the surface of the discharge shaft 1602 located inside the discharge pipe 1601 is fixedly installed with a discharge plate 1603, the top of the right angle plate 1604 is fixedly installed with a compression spring 1605, the top ends of four compression springs 1605 are fixedly installed with the bottom of the lye tank 10, the sodium hypochlorite tank 11, the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 and the reducing agent tank 13 respectively, and the driving block 707 is installed in place with the four right angle plates 1604.

[0077] The inner wall of the treatment tank 201 is fixedly installed with a pH detector 14 and a cyanide detector 15 respectively.

[0078] In actual use, the top of the lye tank 10, the sodium hypochlorite tank 11, the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 and the reducing agent tank 13 is respectively supplemented with medicaments through four medicament inlets 8; the pH detector 14 and the cyanide detector 15 do not contact the stirring plate 604; the driving block 707 is in the shape of a triangular block; the lye tank 10 and the sodium hypochlorite tank 11 are located away from the center of the top cover 203 and on the same diameter, the reducing agent tank 13 is located close to the center of the top cover 203, and the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 is located at the diameter between the lye tank 10 and the reducing agent tank 13; the medicament of the lye tank 10 is sodium hydroxide solution; the discharge plate 1603 is installed in place with the discharge pipe 1601.

[0079] The working principle of the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0080] First, the lye tank 10, the sodium hypochlorite tank 11, the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 and the reducing agent tank 13 are supplemented with corresponding medicaments, then when the lye is first put in and stirred, the cylinder 703 drives the sliding block 704 to move below the lye tank 10, the driving block 707 is rotated during the stirring process driven by the driving branch plate 701 following the stirring shaft 602, at this time the driving block 707 contacts the right angle plate 1604 below the lye tank 10, the right angle plate 1604 rotates the discharge plate 1603 through the discharge shaft 1602, opens the discharge pipe 1601, the lye drops into the sewage, and after separation, the right angle plate 1604 is reset by the compression spring 1605, closes the discharge pipe 1601, when the stirring rotates one round, opens again, and thus repeatedly realizes slow dripping of lye and stirring.

[0081] When the next step needs to add sodium hypochlorite solution, the stirring motor 601 is reversed, and when the driving block 707 contacts the right-angle plate 1604 below the lye tank 10, the pipeline is not opened to discharge lye due to the support of the compression spring 1605. The buffer 706 cooperates with the driving block 707 to drop, and in the reversing process, the discharge mechanism 16 below the sodium hypochlorite tank 11 is matched to open the pipeline again to slowly discharge the sodium hypochlorite solution and stir at the same time. During the forward rotation of the stirring motor 601, the discharge mechanism 16 below the sodium hypochlorite tank 11 does not open to discharge the sodium hypochlorite solution.

[0082] After adding, the cylinder 703 drives the discharge mechanism 16 below the sodium hypochlorite tank 11 to move away, and continues to stir until it is ensured that the cyanide is completely oxidized.

[0083] Then, the cylinder 703 drives the driving block 707 to move below the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12, and the stirring motor 601 continues to reverse. At this time, the driving block 707 is matched with the discharge mechanism 16 below the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 again to complete the drop of dilute sulfuric acid and continue to stir, until the pH value of the sewage treated by cyanide is adjusted to 2.0-3.0, and then stop.

[0084] Then, the cylinder 703 drives the driving block 707 to move below the reducing agent tank 13, and the stirring motor 601 continues to reverse. At this time, the driving block 707 is matched with the discharge mechanism 16 below the reducing agent tank 13 again to complete the drop of reducing agent and stirring. After the reduction is complete, the cylinder 703 drives the driving block 707 to move below the lye tank 10 and forward to drop the lye again. The pH value of the sewage is slowly adjusted to 8.0-9.0, the precipitate is generated, the stirring is stopped, and the sewage is left to stand.

[0085] Finally, the pH detector 14 and the cyanide detector 15 ensure the corresponding pH value requirement of each stage and ensure that the cyanide is completely oxidized before stopping the addition of sodium hypochlorite solution.

[0086] Compared with the related art, the heavy metal sewage treatment device provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0087] The alkali solution tank 10 and the sodium hypochlorite tank 11 are distinguished by setting the stirring motor 601 to reverse rotation to control the dropping of the reagent, the cylinder 703 drives the driving block 707 to move to control the dropping of the dilute sulfuric acid tank 12 and the reducing agent tank 13, the driving block 707 and the right-angle plate 1604 cooperate to realize forward rotation to add only alkali solution, reverse rotation to add other reagents, and automatic closure of the pipeline, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and maintenance complexity, the driving block 707 contacts the right-angle plate 1604 once every revolution to open the pipeline, which meets the process requirement of slow dropping, prevents violent reaction, controls temperature rise, synchronously adds and stirs the reagent without delay, avoids local over-concentration, and can separately stir without adding reagent, the pH detector 14 and the cyanide detector 15 monitor the key nodes, and the adding of reagent is stopped after reaching the standard to enter the next process, realizing the automation of the whole process such as alkali adding and cyanide breaking, avoiding the drawbacks of manual operation, and guaranteeing stable treatment effect and standard effluent.

[0088] A method for selectively separating rubidium ions

[0089] A method for selectively separating rubidium ions, comprising the following steps:

[0090] S1: preparing an inorganic ion exchanger gel;

[0091] S11: preparation The concentration of the chromium chloride aqueous solution is 0.10 mol / L, The concentration of the chromium chloride aqueous solution is 0.10 mol / L,

[0092] S12: slowly and dropwise adding the above chromium chloride solution into the potassium ferricyanide solution in a thermostat at a temperature of 363 K, The mixing ratio is 0.33, the stirring speed is 200 rpm, and the reaction is carried out for 6 hours to form a gel;

[0093] S13: sieving the above gel into 50-10 mesh, and then soaking it in 500 ml of the potassium ferricyanide solution with a concentration of 1.0 mol / L for 48 hours to obtain an inorganic ion exchanger of type ;

[0094] S2: selectively separating rubidium ions;

[0095] S21: mixing the above inorganic ion exchanger gel with a solution containing rubidium ions, and oscillating in a solution with a concentration of 4 mol / L for 2 hours to make the rubidium ions adsorbed on the inorganic ion exchanger gel, and loading the inorganic ion exchanger gel into a glass column with a length of 30 cm and an inner diameter of 0.5 cm, and using glass wool to support, to form a glass column containing the gel adsorbed with rubidium ions;

[0096] ​S22: The glass column containing the gel adsorbed with rubidium ions is allowed to stand for 15 minutes, and then eluted with water, and the effluent is collected, and then the gel is eluted again with a solution, and the rubidium ion recovery rate is 97.9%-99.6%.

[0097] First embodiment: adsorption stability test under strong acidic conditions

[0098] Experimental conditions: The inorganic ion exchanger gel is soaked in 10 mol / L solution for 48 hours, and then washed with water to neutral after being taken out, and the Kd value and exchange capacity of the rubidium ions are determined. The Kd value is the ratio of the concentration of ions in the solid phase to the concentration of ions in the liquid phase at equilibrium.

[0099] Results: The structure of the inorganic ion exchanger gel remains complete, the Kd value is 980 cm³ / g, and the exchange capacity retention rate is 96%, indicating that the stability is good under strong acidic conditions.

[0100] Second embodiment: comparison of selectivity with traditional ferrocyanide

[0101] Comparative experiment: The Kd values of the rubidium ions (in 4 mol / L solution) of the potassium ferrocyanide gel (prepared by a traditional method) and the inorganic ion exchanger gel of the present application are determined, respectively.

[0102] Results: The Kd value of the traditional ferrocyanide for the rubidium ions is 350 cm³ / g, and the Kd value of the inorganic ion exchanger gel of the present application is 1020 cm³ / g, and the selectivity is increased by about 2.9 times, confirming that the adsorption capacity of the present application for the rubidium ions is significantly enhanced. Compared with the related art, the selective separation method of the rubidium ions provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0103] According to the inorganic ion exchanger gel of the present application, in high-concentration or

[0104] solution, by the ion exchange mechanism (log Kd and log slope is -1), the rubidium ions are preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the inorganic ion exchanger gel, and the Kd value of the rubidium ions is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than that of , , When the adsorption solution coexisting with a large amount of divalent, trivalent and tetravalent metal ions possibly existing in the radioactive waste is treated, the rubidium ions can be efficiently separated. ​​​Separation from other metal ions; compared with traditional ferrocyanide, the inorganic ion exchanger gel of this invention has the effect of... It exhibits higher selectivity and can be used under strongly acidic conditions, thus broadening its application scenarios; according to the present invention, the inorganic ion exchanger gel adsorption, after elution, [details about the elution process are missing]. It can maintain a high recovery rate and is effective against divalent and trivalent metal ions (such as...) , The Kd value of the inorganic ion exchanger gel is close to 0, and the elution recovery rate is >99%, indicating significant anti-interference ability. The inorganic ion exchanger gel according to the present invention maintains structural stability in high concentration nitric acid (≤10mol / L) and is suitable for the treatment of strongly acidic radioactive waste liquid.

[0105] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy metal wastewater treatment device, characterized in that, include: A ground-based collection mechanism includes a collection tank, which is fixedly installed on the ground by a support column. A collection pipe is connected to the top of the collection tank. A float support column is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the collection tank. A float is slidably connected to the surface of the float support column. A discharge switch is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the collection tank by a connecting column. The float is adapted to the discharge switch. A discharge pump is connected to the bottom of the collection tank by a first water pipe. The output end of the discharge pump is connected to a second water pipe. The treatment mechanism is connected to the second water pipe for treating heavy metal wastewater. The treatment mechanism includes a treatment tank, a top cover is fixedly installed on the top of the treatment tank, and four chemical inlets are opened on the top of the top cover. A solids recycling bin, which is placed on the ground and connected to the bottom of the processing mechanism, is used to recycle solid sludge; A transmission mechanism, which is connected to one side of the processing mechanism for transmitting the clear liquid; A biofilter tower mechanism, which is connected to the transport mechanism for deep biological treatment; A stirring mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the treatment unit for stirring and mixing the reagents and heavy metal wastewater. The stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor, which is fixedly installed on the top of the top cover. The output shaft of the stirring motor passes through the top of the top cover and extends into the interior of the treatment tank. The output shaft of the stirring motor is fixedly connected to a stirring shaft. Four drug inlets are located on the top of the processing mechanism for dispensing four types of drugs; A drive mechanism is fixedly mounted on the surface of the stirring shaft. The drive mechanism includes a drive support plate, which is fixedly mounted on the surface of the stirring shaft. A sliding groove is opened inside the drive support plate. A cylinder is fixedly mounted on the top of the drive support plate. The cylinder is adapted to the stirring shaft. A slider is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder through a connecting plate. A buffer is fixedly mounted on the top of the slider through a bottom column. A drive block is fixedly mounted on the top of the buffer. The bottom of the top cover is fixedly equipped with an alkali tank, a sodium hypochlorite tank, a dilute sulfuric acid tank, and a reducing agent tank; The bottoms of the alkali tank, the sodium hypochlorite tank, the dilute sulfuric acid tank, and the reducing agent tank are all connected to a discharge mechanism. The discharge mechanism includes a discharge pipe, and a discharge shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the discharge pipe. One end of the discharge shaft passes through the inner wall of the discharge pipe and extends to the outside. A right-angle plate is fixedly installed at the end of the discharge shaft located outside the discharge pipe. A discharge plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the discharge shaft located inside the discharge pipe. A compression spring is fixedly installed on the top of the right-angle plate. The tops of the four compression springs are respectively fixedly installed at the bottoms of the alkali tank, the sodium hypochlorite tank, the dilute sulfuric acid tank, and the reducing agent tank. The drive block is adapted to be installed with the four right-angle plates. The driving block is triangular in shape. The mixing motor is set to rotate in both directions to control the dripping of reagents into the alkali tank and sodium hypochlorite tank, while the cylinder drives the drive block to control the dripping of reagents into the dilute sulfuric acid tank and reducing agent tank.

2. The heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the processing tank is fixed to the ground by a support column. A bottom cover is fixedly installed at the bottom of the processing tank. A vent hole is opened at the top of the top cover. The top of the solid recycling box is connected to the bottom of the processing tank.

3. The heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a transmission pump placed on the ground. The pump's pumping end is connected to the interior of the treatment tank via a third water pipe, and the pump's outlet end is connected to a fourth water pipe.

4. The heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The biofilter tower includes a tower body, the bottom of which is fixedly installed on the ground by a support column. Two filter plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tower body. Two transparent windows are provided on the outer wall of the tower body. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the tower body. A fourth water pipe is connected to the top of the tower body.

5. The heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two stirring support plates are fixedly installed on the surface of the stirring shaft, and six stirring plates are fixedly installed inside the two stirring support plates.

6. The heavy metal wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pH meter and a cyanide meter are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the treatment tank.

7. A method for selective separation of rubidium ions, requiring the use of a heavy metal wastewater treatment device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of inorganic ion exchanger gel; S11: Preparation The concentration is 0.10 mol / L. A chromium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.01 mol / L and a potassium ferricyanide solution with a concentration of 0.30 mol / L; S12: In a thermostat at 363K, the above chromium chloride solution is slowly added dropwise to the potassium ferricyanide solution. The mixture was reacted for 6 hours at a mixing ratio of 0.33 and a stirring speed of 200 rpm to form a gel. S13: Sieve the above gel to a 50-10 mesh size, then soak it in 500 ml of a 1.0 mol / L solution. In 48 hours, the conversion was obtained Type of inorganic ion exchanger; S2: Selective separation of rubidium ions; S21: Mix the above inorganic ion exchanger gel with a rubidium ion-containing solution at a concentration of 4 mol / L. Shake the solution for 2 hours to allow rubidium ions to be adsorbed onto the inorganic ion exchange gel. Pack the gel into a glass column with a length of 30 cm and an inner diameter of 0.5 cm, and support it with glass wool to form a glass column containing the gel that adsorbs rubidium ions. S22: After the glass column containing the rubidium ionomer gel was allowed to stand for 15 minutes, it was eluted with water, the eluent was collected, and then... Rubidium ions were eluted with solution, with a rubidium ion recovery rate of 97.9%-99.6%.

Images