Photovoltaic light-transfer coating liquid and light-transfer coated glass

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaics light-transfer coating liquid, which comprises diphenyl anthracene and derivatives thereof, SiO2 silica sol and a solvent, the low-temperature light conversion coating liquid is coated on the glass substrate, the hydrophobic layer is continuously coated on the glass substrate, and the hydrophobic matrix resin is utilized to prevent the component from being eroded by water when the component is used outdoors, so that on one hand, the light conversion substance can be protected from being eroded or decomposed by water, and on the other hand, the glass surface is endowed with a self-cleaning function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, light conversion coating liquid and light conversion coated glass. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important part of new energy development, solar photovoltaic power generation often occurs UV-induced degradation of outdoor photovoltaic modules, resulting in module life attenuation and reduced power generation. High-efficiency cells, especially SHJ, TOPCon, perovskite and their stacked cells, have more obvious UV attenuation. Therefore, in recent years, various light conversion technologies have emerged to inhibit UV attenuation.

[0003] Currently, there are many light conversion products and technologies applied in the photovoltaic field. For example, patent CN 119931537A proposes a preparation method of low-haze quantum dot light conversion adhesive film, which mixes quantum dot solution with EVA particles, and prepares low-haze quantum dot light conversion adhesive film through melt extrusion and flow casting. However, the additives (such as peroxide) and decomposition products (such as acetic acid or other organic fluorescent compound decomposition free radicals) in the adhesive film may cause damage to the cell sheet, especially perovskite cells, resulting in a decrease in power generation. On the other hand, although the adhesive film can inhibit the UV attenuation of the cell to some extent, it is not suitable for perovskite cells deposited directly on conductive glass. When the perovskite single-junction or four-terminal stacked cell is working, sunlight is directly transmitted through the glass to the perovskite active layer, and then passes through the adhesive film. Therefore, the light conversion adhesive film has limitations in protecting perovskite cells. In recent years, coating treatment on the surface of photovoltaic glass to reduce reflection and increase transmission is one of the key means to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The light conversion coated glass derived therefrom has become an effective technical means to solve the UV attenuation of the module.

[0004] For example, patent CN 115557709 A discloses light conversion glass containing down-conversion materials. The glass is formed by coating the coating liquid as a carrier combined with the precursor of the down-conversion material on the surface of the glass and then calcining at a temperature of 700-1100℃. Although this method can obtain good adhesion between the light conversion coating layer and the glass substrate, the flatness of the glass surface changes after high-temperature calcination, which is not suitable for TCO glass with high flatness requirement for perovskite cells. In addition, an excellent light conversion coating should have the functions of anti-reflection, light conversion, self-cleaning, etc.

[0005] Therefore, it is an urgent technical solution to develop a multifunctional low-temperature light conversion coating liquid and its light conversion glass to solve the UV-induced degradation of solar cells. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and provides a light plating film solution for photovoltaics and light plating film glass, which can effectively solve the above problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is to design a light plating film solution for photovoltaics, characterized in that it comprises diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, SiO2 silica sol and a solvent.

[0008] Further, the diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives include at least one or more of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene, 2,6-diphenyl anthracene, 1,8-diphenyl anthracene, anthracene ring substituted derivatives (substituted at positions 1-8), phenyl substituted derivatives (phenyl ortho / meta / para substituted), π-conjugated derivatives and ionic derivatives.

[0009] Further, the chemical structure general formula of the anthracene ring substituted derivatives is: ; In which, R is -CH3, -OCH3, -F, -Cl, -CN, -NO2; The chemical structure general formula of the phenyl substituted derivatives is:

[0010] In which, R is -OCH3, -N(CN3)2, -CN, -CF3, benzene ring, naphthalene ring, etc. The chemical structure general formula of the π-conjugated derivatives is:

[0011] In which, R is O, S, N-R, CH2; The chemical structure general formula of the ionic derivatives is: .

[0012] Further, it includes 0.1-0.5 parts of diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, 50-100 parts of SiO2 silica sol and 50-100 parts of solvent by weight.

[0013] Preferably, it includes 0.1-0.3 parts of diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, 50-100 parts of SiO2 silica sol and 50-100 parts of solvent by weight.

[0014] More preferably, it includes 0.2-0.3 parts of diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, 50-100 parts of SiO2 silica sol and 50-100 parts of solvent by weight.

[0015] Most preferably, it comprises 0.2 parts of diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, 50-100 parts of SiO2 silica sol and 50-100 parts of solvent by weight.

[0016] Further, the solvent comprises at least one of and above of ethanol, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and cyclohexane.

[0017] Further, the diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives are dissolved in the solvent, uniformly dispersed by ultrasonic, then blended with the SiO2 silica sol, and uniformly mixed by ultrasonic to form the light plating film solution.

[0018] A light plating film glass comprises a glass substrate, a light conversion layer deposited on the glass substrate, and a hydrophobic layer deposited on the light conversion layer. The light conversion layer is formed by uniformly coating the light plating film solution on one side of the glass substrate, and then curing at 80-150℃ for 15-30min.

[0019] Further, the hydrophobic layer comprises 0.5-1 parts of adhesive, 25-50 parts of matrix resin nanoparticles by weight. The matrix resin nanoparticles are one or more of MgF2, PVDF, PTFE, fluorinated polyethylene and PET. The adhesive is one or more of PVDF, polyacrylic acid PAA and polyimide PI.

[0020] Further, the preparation process of the hydrophobic layer is as follows: The matrix resin nanoparticles are dissolved in the solvent, uniformly dispersed by ultrasonic, then blended with the adhesive, and uniformly mixed by ultrasonic; then it is coated on the light conversion layer by any one of spraying, spin coating, dipping, roller coating and coating, and then the coated glass is placed in an oven at 80-150℃ for curing for 15-30min to form the composite light conversion glass.

[0021] Further, the thickness of the light conversion layer is 90-120nm, and the thickness of the hydrophobic layer is 40-60nm. The glass substrate is one of photovoltaic embossed glass, float glass and TCO glass, and the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.1-3.2mm.

[0022] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: (1) By doping diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives in SiO2 sol to form a low-temperature light conversion plating solution, it can meet the low-temperature plating process of 80-150℃, avoid the change of flatness of the glass surface caused by traditional high-temperature sintering plating, and make it suitable for TCO glass with high flatness requirement required by perovskite battery.

[0023] (2) By coating the low-temperature light conversion coating solution to the glass substrate, and continuing to coat the hydrophobic layer thereon, the hydrophobic base resin blocks the moisture erosion suffered by the outdoor use, on the one hand, the light conversion substance is protected from water erosion or decomposition, on the other hand, the glass surface is endowed with self-cleaning function.

[0024] (3) The light conversion coating solution and the light conversion coating structure can ensure that the light conversion glass has a transmittance of > 90% at 400-1100 nm, and the doping of the light conversion agent endows the glass with UVD resistance, which significantly reduces the UV decay of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the light conversion coated glass of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] The raw material sources in the examples and comparative examples are as follows: PET nano microspheres: supplier: Zhongke Keyou, model: ZKKY-PET-0002; SiO2 sol is prepared by sol-gel method, and the specific preparation method is as follows: An electronic stirrer, a beaker (100 ml) and a constant temperature water bath are prepared in advance, and the beaker is fixed on the constant temperature water bath by the stirrer. 30 ml of anhydrous ethanol, 3 ml of polyethylene glycol 200, 4 ml of deionized water are measured in the beaker, then 10 ml of ethyl silicate (TEOS) is added, the solution is turbid, a small amount of HCI is added dropwise while keeping the stirring speed uniform, so that the pH of the solution is kept at 3.5, at this time the solution becomes clear. The temperature of the constant temperature water bath is set to 60℃, the stirring reaction is kept for 0.5h, then concentrated ammonia is slowly added dropwise, and the stirring is continued until SiO2 gel appears. The SiO2 gel is aged for 10h, then the prepared gel is dried at 200℃ for 5h to obtain a dry gel. The prepared gel is calcined at 600℃ for 2h, and then ground into powder to obtain nano SiO2.

[0028] (I) Examples Example 1: 0.1 parts of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene is dissolved in 50 parts of ethyl acetate, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out at 25℃ for 10 min to form a mixed solution, then 50 parts of SiO2 sol is mixed with the mixed solution, and ultrasonic dispersion is continued for 30 min to form a low-temperature light conversion coating solution.

[0029] The low-temperature light conversion coating solution is spin-coated (rotation speed 1000 R / min, 30 s) to a smooth surface of the 2.0 mm embossed photovoltaic glass to a thickness of 2.0 mm; the spin-coated glass is placed in an 80°C oven for annealing for 30 min to form a light conversion layer, and the thickness of the light conversion layer is 90 nm.

[0030] 25 parts of PET nanospheres (particle size 20 nm) are dispersed in 50 parts of chloroform, and the PET dispersion is assisted by ultrasonic for 10 min; then 0.5 parts of PVDF is added to the dispersion, and the ultrasonic is continued for 30 min to form a hydrophobic dispersion; then the dispersion is spin-coated onto the light conversion layer of the glass (rotation speed 1000 R / min, 30 s), and the spin-coated glass is placed in a 150°C oven for annealing for 30 min to fully volatilize the chloroform, thereby forming a hydrophobic layer, and the thickness of the hydrophobic layer is 40 nm. Finally, a low-temperature light conversion coated glass with self-cleaning function is obtained.

[0031] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass fraction of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene is 0.2 parts.

[0032] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass fraction of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene is 0.3 parts.

[0033] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass fraction of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene is 0.5 parts.

[0034] Example 5 The difference from Example 2 is that the mass fraction of PET nanospheres is 35 parts.

[0035] Example 6 The difference from Example 2 is that the mass fraction of PET nanospheres is 50 parts.

[0036] Example 7 The difference from Example 5 is that a benzene ring substituted derivative is used instead of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene, and specifically, the benzene ring substituted derivative is 9,10-bis[4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl]anthracene.

[0037] Example 8 The difference from Example 5 is that FTO glass is used instead of embossed photovoltaic glass.

[0038] Comparative Example 1 Only 2.0 mm thick embossed glass is used without any treatment.

[0039] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 5 is only that the light conversion layer is prepared by using SiO2 sol only without doping light conversion agent 9,10-diphenyl anthracene, and the preparation process is as follows: 50 parts of SiO2 sol is mixed with 50 parts of ethyl acetate and ultrasonic dispersed for 30 min to form a low-temperature plating solution; The low-temperature plating solution is spin-coated (rotation speed: 1000 R / min, 30 s) on the smooth surface of the 2.0 mm thick embossed photovoltaic glass to form a SiO2 plating layer with a thickness of 90 nm.

[0040] Comparative Example 3: The difference from Example 5 is only that the light conversion layer is not prepared.

[0041] Comparative Example 4: The difference from Example 5 is only that the hydrophobic layer is not prepared.

[0042] (II) Performance test (1) Test method Transmittance test: Lambda950 ultraviolet spectrophotometer is used for testing (test range: 300-1100 nm); Flatness test: Laser scanning profilometer is used to test the flatness of the light TC0 glass according to GB 11614 standard; Quantum conversion efficiency test: Photoluminescence spectrometer is used to test the quantum conversion efficiency of each example glass; Contact angle test: Contact angle tester is used to test the wettability of the glass surface according to GB / T 24368-2009 standard.

[0043] (2) Test results The following performance tests are carried out on the glasses provided in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present application, so as to obtain the data of each glass, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1

[0045] Comparative Example 1-4 were prepared by using different weight portions of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene. The results show that when the weight portion of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene is 0.2 portions, the light conversion film glass prepared therefrom has relatively good performance. When the light conversion quantum efficiency is lower than 0.2 portions, the light conversion effect is poor. When the weight portion is higher, agglomeration and precipitation easily occur, resulting in poor light conversion effect. As shown in Examples 2, 5 and 6, when the weight portion of the hydrophobic base resin nanoparticles is 35 portions, the effect is best. Too low weight portion will affect the surface wettability, thereby affecting the overall hydrophobic effect. Too high weight portion will affect the transmittance, resulting in light loss, thereby affecting the power generation performance of the module.

[0046] As shown in the above examples and comparative examples, when the light conversion film glass having the light conversion layer containing diphenyl anthracene and derivatives thereof and the hydrophobic layer containing base resin nanoparticles is used, and the components are within a specific range, the performance of the glass can be optimal.

[0047] (III) Application Examples Examples 5, 7 and Comparative Example 1 were used for solar cell packaging (Example 5 and Comparative Example 1 were used for HJT cell packaging, and Example 7 was used for perovskite cell preparation and packaging), and the electrical properties of each solar device before and after packaging were tested. 2

[0048] Application Example 1: The light conversion glass in Example 5 was used for 5*5 cm HJT cell packaging. The busbar specification was 0.25*4 mm, the packaging adhesive film was EVA, and the laminating parameters were 145°C / 20 min.

[0049] Application Example 2: The difference from Application Example 1 is that the light conversion glass is the glass in Comparative Example 1. Application Example 3: The FTO film layer side (i.e., the non-light conversion film layer side) of the light conversion FTO in Example 7 was sequentially deposited with a hole transport layer, a perovskite active layer, an electron transport layer and a transparent conductive electrode layer to form a single-junction perovskite solar cell. A 0.25*4 mm busbar was attached to the transparent conductive electrode to lead out, and the packaging adhesive film was a TPO adhesive film. The laminating parameters were 120°C / 15 min.

[0050] UV120 kWh / m 2 Test: each module was placed in a UV aging box with an illumination intensity of 250 W / m 2 / h for 480 h.

[0051]

[0052] ​The application examples 1 and 2 are a module made of light conversion glass and a module made of non-light conversion glass, the difference is that in the UV aging process, the light conversion module can be protected by the light conversion agent, reducing the damage of ultraviolet light at 300-400 nm to the HJT cell (the photoelectric efficiency after UV120 is almost not affected), and converting it to 400-600 nm, so that the light absorption of the module at 400-600 nm is not affected, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency (Module' Eff) can reach the same level as the non-light conversion module; The application example 3 is a perovskite single-junction module made of light conversion TCO, which shows that the light conversion TCO glass formed by the low-temperature light conversion coating solution and the light conversion structure meets the preparation requirements of each active layer of perovskite. At the same time, the light conversion glass can protect the perovskite active layer and reduce the ultraviolet-induced decay.

[0053] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic light transfer coating solution, characterized in that, It includes diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, SiO2 silica sol, and solvents.

2. The photovoltaic light transfer coating solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives include at least one or more of 9,10-diphenyl anthracene, 2,6-diphenyl anthracene, 1,8-diphenyl anthracene, anthracene ring substituted derivatives (1-8 position substituted), phenyl substituted derivatives (phenyl ortho / meta / para substituted), π-conjugated derivatives, and ionic derivatives.

3. The photovoltaic light transfer coating solution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The general chemical structural formula of the anthracene ring substituted derivative is: ； Where R is -CH3, -OCH3, -F, -Cl, -CN, or -NO2; The general chemical structural formula of the phenyl-substituted derivative is: ； Where R is -OCH3, -N(CN3)2, -CN, or -CF3; The general chemical structural formula of the π-conjugated derivative is: ； Where R represents O, S, NR, and CH2; The general chemical structural formula of the ionic derivative is: 。 4. The photovoltaic light transfer coating solution according to claim 3, characterized in that, By weight, it comprises 0.1-0.5 parts of diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives, 50-100 parts of SiO2 silica sol, and 50-100 parts of solvent.

5. The photovoltaic light transfer coating solution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The solvent includes at least one or more of ethanol, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, and cyclohexane.

6. The photovoltaic light transfer coating solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, Diphenyl anthracene and its derivatives are dissolved in a solvent, ultrasonically dispersed, and then mixed with SiO2 silica sol. The mixture is then ultrasonically mixed to form a phototransfer coating solution.

7. A light-transfer coated glass, characterized in that, It includes a glass substrate, a light-converting layer deposited on the glass substrate, and a hydrophobic layer deposited on the light-converting layer; The light-conversion layer is formed by uniformly coating the light-conversion coating liquid of any one of claims 1-6 onto one side of a glass substrate, and then curing it at 80-150°C for 15-30 minutes.

8. The light-transfer coated glass according to claim 7, characterized in that, By weight, the hydrophobic layer comprises 0.5-1 parts of binder and 25-50 parts of matrix resin nanoparticles; The matrix resin nanoparticles are one or more of MgF2, PVDF, PTFE, fluorinated polyethylene, and PET; The adhesive is one or more of PVDF, PAA (polyacrylic acid), and PI (polyimide).

9. The light-transfer coated glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation process of the hydrophobic layer is as follows: The matrix resin nanoparticles are dissolved in a solvent, ultrasonically dispersed evenly, and then mixed with a binder and ultrasonically mixed evenly. Then, the mixture is coated onto the light conversion layer by any one of the following processes: spraying, spin coating, dip coating, roller coating, or coating. Finally, the coated glass is placed in an oven at 80-150℃ for 15-30 minutes to cure, forming composite light conversion glass. The solvent includes at least one or more of ethanol, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, and cyclohexane.

10. The light-transfer coated glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the light-converting layer is 90-120 nm; the thickness of the hydrophobic layer is 40-60 nm. The glass substrate is one of photovoltaic patterned glass, float glass, or TCO glass; the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.1-3.2 mm.

Images