Desert intelligent water taking ecological restoration and comprehensive security system

Abstract

The invention discloses a desert intelligent water taking ecological restoration and comprehensive security system, and belongs to the technical field of desert ecological restoration and comprehensive protection, the system comprises an energy supply subsystem, an air water taking subsystem, an intelligent irrigation subsystem, a comprehensive protection subsystem and a central control subsystem, the subsystems are interconnected through pipelines, circuits and communication lines, and core components are all installed on a support. The energy supply subsystem adopts wind-solar complementary power supply and is provided with a comprehensive controller and a storage battery to realize stable energy storage; the air water taking subsystem is used for efficiently taking water through three-stage precooling and compression condensation; the intelligent irrigation subsystem realizes vegetation irrigation and emergency drinking water quality-divided supply; the comprehensive protection subsystem comprises a camera and an emergency operation unit, and monitoring and personnel safety are guaranteed; the central control subsystem (Internet of Things) realizes intelligent linkage of the subsystems. The system can autonomously supply energy and water, is high in function integration level and strong in extreme environment resistance, can meet the requirements of desert ecological restoration and comprehensive security and protection, and reduces the operation and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical fields of desert ecological restoration, desertification control and comprehensive protection, and in particular to a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and comprehensive security system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies have many limitations that are difficult to overcome in practical applications, and cannot meet the requirements of "efficient desertification control, stable protection, and multi-scenario adaptability". The specific problems are as follows: 1. Single energy source, poor stability under extreme environments. The existing energy supply methods for desert control and protection systems have significant shortcomings: some systems rely solely on solar power, which is significantly affected by day-night cycles and continuous rainy days, causing complete equipment shutdown at night or during rainy weather, making it impossible to maintain water intake, irrigation, and security functions; some remote desert control sites and border outposts rely on the power grid, but the complex terrain of desert areas makes grid coverage difficult, transmission line construction is costly, and they are susceptible to damage from sandstorms; a few systems using wind power alone suffer from unstable power supply voltage and unreliable load drives due to the drastic fluctuations in desert winds. These single-energy solutions result in short annual effective operating time for the systems, especially in extreme temperature ranges of -30℃ to 70℃, where the risk of equipment power outages is high, severely impacting the efficiency of desert control and protection.

[0003] 2. Low efficiency in air-based water extraction and insufficient self-sufficiency in water supply. Water resources are extremely scarce in desertified areas. Existing air-based water extraction equipment is an important means of supplementing water sources, but it suffers from two major drawbacks: First, the water extraction technology is simplistic, mostly employing a single-stage condensation structure without incorporating airflow pretreatment and efficient heat exchange design. In extremely arid environments with humidity below 25%, the average daily water extraction is generally less than 3L, far from meeting the needs of irrigating 300-500㎡ of vegetation (requiring more than 50L of water per day) and providing emergency drinking water for 10 people (requiring more than 10L of water per day). Second, the equipment has poor sand resistance; the air-based water extraction inlet lacks an efficient dustproof structure, allowing sand and dust to easily enter the condensation components, causing wear and blockage, leading to increased equipment failure rates and further reducing water extraction stability. In addition, traditional desertification control relies on manual water transport or long-distance water diversion. The annual water transport cost in just one area of ​​the Three-North Shelterbelt Project exceeds ten million yuan, and due to terrain limitations, it is difficult to cover remote desert areas, exacerbating the water resource supply crisis.

[0004] 3. Fragmented functions and lack of integrated collaborative design Existing desert management systems generally suffer from functional fragmentation: ecological restoration systems focus solely on vegetation irrigation, employing a periodic, manually controlled irrigation method without considering dynamic soil moisture regulation, easily leading to water waste or vegetation death due to dehydration; border defense systems are only equipped with basic communication equipment, lacking stable emergency drinking water, emergency charging, and rapid alarm functions, resulting in high risks of drinking water shortages and communication disruptions for border personnel during extreme weather; sandstorm prevention and fire control systems rely on independent meteorological satellite early warnings or manual patrols, with ground-based real-time monitoring coverage less than 20%, and lack linkage with irrigation and power supply systems, making it impossible to quickly activate protective measures (such as adjusting irrigation intensity or cutting off power to risk areas) during sandstorms or fires. This functional fragmentation leads to redundant construction and high maintenance costs for each system, and fails to create a synergistic effect of "energy-water-ecology-security," resulting in poor adaptability.

[0005] 4. Lack of emergency support makes it difficult to guarantee the safety of border guards and desertification control personnel. In scenarios such as border outposts and remote desertification control sites, the emergency support capabilities of existing systems are severely inadequate: First, there is a lack of purified emergency drinking water sources, with some systems directly drawing untreated surface water or air condensate, the water quality of which cannot meet drinking standards; second, emergency communication and alarm mechanisms are inadequate, with most outposts relying on conventional wireless communication, which suffers severe signal attenuation during sandstorms, making it impossible to transmit distress signals in a timely manner, and lacking positioning capabilities, resulting in low rescue efficiency; third, emergency charging facilities are lacking, making it difficult for border guards and desertification control personnel to charge their communication equipment (mobile phones, walkie-talkies) in the field, further exacerbating safety risks.

[0006] 5. Poor adaptability to extreme environments and high equipment failure rate. Desert environments are characterized by high and low temperatures, strong winds and sandstorms, and high corrosion. Existing equipment lacks targeted design: First, the structure has poor sand resistance; the wind turbine blades and photovoltaic panels lack special sand-resistant and wear-resistant coatings, resulting in severe surface wear after long-term use and a decrease in power generation efficiency of more than 30%. Second, the protection level of core components is low; key components such as compressors and controllers are mostly equipped with conventional protection (IP54 and below), making them susceptible to sand and rainwater intrusion into the internal circuits, leading to an annual equipment failure rate of over 30%. Third, the low-temperature adaptability is poor; most energy storage batteries cannot be charged and discharged normally below -20°C, causing system operation interruptions in winter and failing to meet the year-round desertification control needs.

[0007] In summary, existing desert ecological restoration and protection technologies suffer from multiple problems, including unstable energy sources, inefficient water extraction, fragmented functions, insufficient emergency response capabilities, and weak adaptability. There is an urgent need for an integrated system that can achieve "autonomous energy supply, efficient water extraction, multi-energy integration, emergency support, and strong environmental adaptability" to break through the current bottlenecks in desertification control and protection. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0009] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies in desert ecological restoration and comprehensive protection, the present invention aims to provide a smart desert water intake ecological restoration and comprehensive security system, specifically achieving the following objectives: 1. It does not rely on external water sources and power grids, achieving a coordinated supply of independent water sources and stable energy through a three-tiered progressive air-water extraction and wind-solar hybrid power generation; 2. It integrates ecological irrigation, border defense emergency response, fire early warning, and sandstorm monitoring functions into a unified system, reducing the cost of redundant construction; 3. It enhances the system's adaptability to extreme temperature differences of -40℃ to 70℃ and wind and sandstorm environments up to level 12; 4. It is equipped with an integrated emergency operation unit to meet the emergency drinking water, rapid alarm, and equipment charging needs of border defense and desertification control personnel; 5. It achieves intelligent linkage control of various subsystems, dynamically adjusting the operating status according to soil moisture, sand and dust concentration, and fire source signals, thereby improving system operating efficiency.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application proposes a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system, including an energy supply subsystem, an air-water intake subsystem, an intelligent irrigation subsystem, an integrated protection subsystem, and a central control subsystem. Each subsystem is interconnected via pipelines, circuits, and communication lines, and all core components are mounted on a support frame. The energy supply subsystem includes blades, a generator, wind turbine blades, photovoltaic panels, an integrated photovoltaic inverter, a wind power inverter, a comprehensive controller with overall electrical control functions, and a battery. The generator is a 1kW rated permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine, fixedly mounted on the upper part of the support frame. The blades are made of glass fiber sand-resistant and wear-resistant composite material and coaxially mounted on the top output shaft of the generator. The wind turbine blades... The output shaft is coaxially fixed to the bottom of the generator and rotates synchronously with the generator to deliver air. The photovoltaic panel is an 80W+300W polycrystalline silicon module with a sand-proof coating, tilted and fixed to the side of the support with an array tilt angle of 35° to adapt to desert latitudes. The output end of the photovoltaic panel is connected to the photovoltaic input end of the integrated controller via wires. The output end of the generator is connected to the wind power input end of the integrated controller via wires. The energy storage output end of the integrated controller is connected to the storage battery via wires. The storage battery is a 3000Ah lithium iron phosphate battery pack that can withstand ambient temperatures of -30℃ to 70℃, realizing wind and solar power coordinated rectification, inversion, and storage. The air intake and water collection subsystem includes an air outlet with a dustproof net, a tower, a vortex centrifugal precooling plate, a filter, and a compressor. The tower includes an oil reservoir, electronic expansion valve, condensing spiral steel pipe, cooling coil, and a water tank with an overflow outlet. The tower itself is a galvanized steel primary precooling structure with a diameter of 30cm and a height of 4m. Its top opening is fixedly connected to an air outlet equipped with a dustproof screen. The air inlet of the dustproof screen corresponds to the air outlet of the air supply blades, and an airflow distributor is located below the dustproof screen inside the tower. The bottom outlet of the tower is connected to the input end of a vortex centrifugal precooling plate via a pipeline. The vortex centrifugal precooling plate is a secondary precooling structure with a 50μm silica nano-coating on its inner wall. The output end of the vortex centrifugal precooling plate is connected to the input end of a filter via a pipeline. The filter is a two-stage filtration structure containing a 100-mesh dustproof filter and an activated carbon filter. The output end of the filter is connected to the suction end of the compressor via a pipeline. The oil receiver is connected to the lubrication oil circuit of the compressor via an oil pipe to achieve lubrication and oil separation. The discharge end of the compressor is connected to the input end of the condensing spiral steel pipe via a pipeline. The condensing spiral steel pipe is a three-stage refrigeration spiral structure made of 1mm thick copper. The output end of the condensing spiral steel pipe is connected to the input end of the electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The output end of the electronic expansion valve is connected back to the suction end of the compressor via a pipeline to form a refrigeration cycle loop. The heat dissipation coil is located inside the water storage tank and forms a closed heat exchange loop with the condensing spiral steel pipe via a pipeline. The overflow port is opened on the top side wall of the water storage tank to achieve over-level drainage. A liquid level sensor and a water quality monitoring module are also installed on the inner wall of the water storage tank.The intelligent irrigation subsystem includes a high-pressure water pump, a high-pressure water pipe, a rotary sprinkler head, a low-pressure water pump, a low-pressure water pipe, a water treatment module with integrated reverse osmosis filtration, and a bird feeder. The high-pressure water pump is a 1000W deep-water pump with a 50m head. Its inlet is connected to the outlet of a water storage tank via a pipe, and its outlet is connected to the rotary sprinkler head via a high-pressure water pipe. The rotary sprinkler head has a flow rate of 50L / min and a 360° adjustable spray angle. The low-pressure water pump is a 100W drinking water pump. Its inlet is connected to the outlet of a water storage tank via a pipe, and its outlet is connected to the low-pressure water pipe. The pipe connects to the input end of a water treatment module with integrated reverse osmosis filtration, which has a filtration accuracy of 0.0001μm. The output end of this module is connected via branch pipes to a bird feeder and an emergency operation unit integrating a drinking water inlet, a rescue button, and a mobile phone charging port. The bird feeder has a built-in float level switch. The integrated protection subsystem includes a camera and an emergency operation unit integrating a drinking water inlet, a rescue button, and a mobile phone charging port. The camera is a video... A high-definition night vision camera with a range of 500m and integrated infrared thermal imaging function (120° monitoring angle) is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket. The emergency operation unit, which integrates a drinking water inlet, a rescue button, and a mobile phone charging port, is fixed at the bottom of the bracket in an easily accessible position. Its mobile phone charging port is connected to the power output terminal of the storage battery after being regulated by the integrated controller via a wire, supporting DC12V / 24V and USB output. Its rescue button is connected to the central control subsystem via a communication line. The central control subsystem is an Internet of Things (IoT) system, based on an STM32H743 microcontroller and integrating 4G and Beidou dual-mode. The communication module connects the IoT device to the integrated controller, compressor, electronic expansion valve, high-pressure water pump, low-pressure water pump, and fireproof isolation valve on the high-pressure water pipe branch via circuitry. It also connects to a camera, a water level sensor and water quality monitoring module in the storage tank, a soil moisture sensor buried at a depth of 30cm, a wind speed sensor installed at a height of 8m (measuring range 0-30m / s), a dust storm concentration sensor with a measuring range of 0-5000μg / m³, and a temperature sensor with a measuring range of -40℃ to 85℃ via communication lines. This enables energy dispatching, water intake regulation, irrigation control, and protective linkage.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and comprehensive security system integrates wind and solar complementary power supply, three-level air water intake, intelligent irrigation, comprehensive protection, and central control subsystems. It boasts significant advantages: it does not rely on external energy or water sources and can independently and stably supply energy and water; its integrated design reduces redundant construction and lowers operation and maintenance costs; its core components are sand-resistant, wear-resistant, and highly protective, adapting to the extreme desert environment; its emergency operation unit ensures personnel safety for drinking water, rescue, and charging; and its intelligent linkage control improves operational efficiency, adapting to various desertification control scenarios and effectively addressing the pain points of existing technologies.

[0012] In addition, the desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system proposed above in this application may also have the following additional technical features: In one embodiment of this application, the integrated controller can rectify and stabilize the DC power output from the photovoltaic panel and the AC power output from the generator. When the battery power is below 20%, the integrated controller activates a load priority mechanism under the control of the Internet of Things (IoT) to prioritize the power supply to the compressor, IoT, and emergency operation unit with integrated application functions such as drinking water inlet, emergency button, and mobile phone charging port.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, the working process of the air-water intake subsystem is as follows: the air supply blades compress external air to the air outlet equipped with a dustproof screen, and after being filtered by the dustproof screen, the air enters the tower. The tower's galvanized steel material conducts heat outward by 10% to achieve primary pre-cooling; the pre-cooled air flows into the vortex centrifugal pre-cooling plate to form a high-speed vortex, achieving secondary pre-cooling with a 30% temperature reduction; the air after secondary pre-cooling is filtered by a filter to remove sand particles and odor impurities before entering the compressor for compression and heating; the heated air flows into the condenser spiral steel pipe, and through heat exchange with the heat dissipation coil, achieves 40% condensation to produce water; the working fluid after water production is throttled and depressurized by an electronic expansion valve and then returned to the compressor to complete the refrigeration cycle; the produced water is collected in a water storage tank, and an oil reservoir replenishes the compressor with lubricating oil in real time and separates oil from the compressed air.

[0014] In one embodiment of this application, the irrigation control logic of the Internet of Things is as follows: when the soil moisture sensor detects a value of <15%, the high-pressure water pump is started to irrigate the vegetation by rotating the water nozzle; when the soil moisture sensor detects a value of >30%, the high-pressure water pump is stopped to irrigate; when the liquid level in the bird feeder is lower than 1 / 3, the float level switch sends a signal to the Internet of Things, which controls the low-pressure water pump to start and replenish the bird feeder with water through the water treatment module with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function.

[0015] In one embodiment of this application, the infrared thermal imaging function integrated in the camera can identify heat sources >70°C. When such a heat source is detected, the camera transmits a signal to the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT triggers an audible and visual alarm linked to an emergency operation unit that integrates drinking water inlets, emergency buttons, and mobile phone charging ports. It also uploads the location and temperature data of the fire source via a 4G and BeiDou dual-mode communication module. When the dust storm concentration sensor detects a dust concentration >3000 μg / m³, the IoT automatically uploads early warning data via the BeiDou module and activates dust storm protection measures in conjunction with the surrounding protection system.

[0016] In one embodiment of this application, in the emergency operation unit that integrates a drinking water inlet, a rescue button, and a mobile phone charging port, when the rescue button is pressed, the Internet of Things sends the current location coordinates and a distress signal via the Beidou module within ≤10 seconds; the drinking water inlet outputs drinking water purified by a water treatment module with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function to meet emergency drinking water needs; the output voltage of the mobile phone charging port is regulated to DC12V / 24V by a comprehensive controller, and the USB interface output voltage is 5V, adapting to different emergency charging devices.

[0017] In one embodiment of this application, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is controlled by the Internet of Things (IoT) based on air humidity sensor data: when the air humidity is <25%, the IoT controls the electronic expansion valve to increase the opening degree to improve the refrigeration cycle efficiency, thereby improving the water production efficiency of the compressor; when the air humidity is ≥25%, the electronic expansion valve maintains its normal opening degree.

[0018] In one embodiment of this application, when the camera detects a fire source, the Internet of Things controls the fire isolation valve on the branch pipe of the high-pressure water pipe to close the high-pressure water pipe in the area corresponding to the fire source, and at the same time controls the rotating water nozzles around the area to increase the spraying force to form a fire isolation zone around the fire source; the heat exchange circuit between the heat dissipation coil and the condensing spiral steel pipe in the water storage tank is equipped with a circulation pump controlled by the Internet of Things, which can accelerate heat transfer to improve the efficiency of condensation and water production.

[0019] In one embodiment of this application, the dustproof mesh in the air outlet is a 100-mesh metal filter and is detachably fixed to the inside of the air outlet by a snap-fit ​​structure, which facilitates regular disassembly and cleaning to avoid sand and dust blockage; the outer shell of the emergency operation unit that integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port is made of stainless steel with IP65 protection rating to prevent desert sand and rainwater from entering the internal circuit.

[0020] In one embodiment of this application, the water storage tank is made of 304 stainless steel with a volume of 2m³ and is located 3m underground to reduce the impact of ambient temperature on the water storage; the heat dissipation coil is a copper pipe arranged in a spiral shape on the inner wall of the water storage tank, with its inlet end connected to the middle pipe of the condensing spiral steel pipe and its outlet end connected to the end pipe of the condensing spiral steel pipe, forming a high-efficiency heat exchange circuit; the emergency operation unit integrating drinking water inlet, emergency button and mobile phone charging port is equipped with a push-button water valve at the drinking water inlet to avoid water waste in non-emergency situations.

[0021] The advantages of this application compared to existing technologies are: (1) Based on the collaborative design of “wind-solar complementary energy subsystem + three-level progressive air-water intake subsystem”, it does not need to rely on external power grid and water supply facilities: the energy end achieves the collaborative storage and stable output of wind energy and solar energy through the cooperation of wind turbines, photovoltaic panels and integrated controllers, which can adapt to the temperature difference between day and night and the wind fluctuation in the desert; the water intake end has a three-level structure of “tower pre-cooling + vortex centrifugal pre-cooling + compression condensation”, combined with nano-coating to enhance heat exchange, so that it can still stably obtain water sources in extreme drought environment, while meeting the needs of vegetation irrigation and emergency drinking water, and completely solving the core pain point of “energy shortage and water shortage” in desert areas.

[0022] (2) The system integrates six major functions: energy supply, air intake and water collection, intelligent irrigation, border defense emergency response, fire early warning, and sandstorm monitoring. The central control subsystem enables the linkage of these functions, avoiding the redundancy problem of building multiple systems separately in traditional solutions. There is no need to repeatedly deploy power supply, monitoring, and control equipment, which greatly reduces hardware investment and site occupation. At the same time, it simplifies the operation and maintenance process (only single system maintenance is required), significantly reducing the overall construction and long-term operation and maintenance burden, and adapting to the needs of large-scale application in multiple scenarios.

[0023] (3) In response to the environmental characteristics of deserts, including high temperatures, low temperatures, and strong sandstorms, the core components of the system are all specially adapted: the wind turbine blades and photovoltaic panels are made of sand-resistant and wear-resistant materials and have anti-dust coatings to reduce sand and dust wear; key components such as compressors and controllers are encapsulated with high protection levels to prevent sand and rainwater intrusion; and the energy storage batteries are low-temperature adapted types, which can be charged and discharged normally at extreme low temperatures. The above designs greatly improve the stability of the equipment in harsh environments, reduce the risk of failure, and extend the overall service life of the system.

[0024] (4) By integrating drinking water inlets, rescue buttons and mobile phone charging ports into an emergency operation unit, the emergency needs of border defense and desertification control personnel in the field are specifically addressed: the drinking water filtered by reverse osmosis can be drunk directly, ensuring drinking water safety; the rescue button is linked to the Beidou positioning and communication module, which can quickly send distress signals; the emergency charging interface can meet the power supply needs of communication equipment, avoid safety hazards caused by power outages of field equipment, and provide comprehensive protection for personnel safety.

[0025] (5) The central control subsystem realizes dynamic scheduling of each subsystem based on real-time sensor data (soil moisture, dust concentration, temperature, etc.): the energy end can adjust the load priority according to the power storage situation to ensure the power supply of core functions; the irrigation end can automatically start and stop according to soil moisture to avoid water waste; the protection end can quickly trigger early warning and linkage protection measures (such as adjusting the spraying intensity and closing the pipeline in the risk area) when fire or high concentration of dust is detected, to ensure that the system operates more intelligently and efficiently.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This application provides an embodiment of the energy supply subsystem control and energy flow diagram for a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to one of its embodiments. Figure 4 The present application provides a flow chart and control diagram of the air water intake subsystem of a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This application provides an embodiment of an intelligent irrigation subsystem control and water flow diagram for a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to one embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the linkage and monitoring of the integrated protection subsystem of a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0028] As shown in the figure: 1. Rotary spray head; 2. Blades; 3. Photovoltaic panel; 4. Internet of Things (IoT); 5. Generator; 6. Air supply blades; 7. Air outlet; 8. Integrated controller; 9. Tower; 10. Camera; 11. Emergency operation unit; 12. Bird feeder; 13. Water treatment module; 14. High-pressure water pipe; 15. Low-pressure water pipe; 16. Vortex centrifugal precooling plate; 17. Condensing spiral steel pipe; 18. Electronic expansion valve; 19. Filter; 20. Compressor; 21. Oil reservoir; 22. Battery; 23. Overflow outlet; 24. Bracket; 25. Low-pressure water pump; 26. Cooling coil; 27. High-pressure water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes an embodiment of a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to this application.

[0030] like Figures 1-6 As shown in this embodiment, a desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and comprehensive security system is constructed around the coordinated operation of five subsystems: energy, water intake, irrigation, protection, and control. All core components are integrated and installed via bracket 24, forming a modular and replicable desertification control and protection unit. Specifically: bracket 24 serves as the physical support carrier of the system; the energy supply subsystem provides stable power to the entire system; the air-water intake subsystem enables autonomous water source acquisition; the intelligent irrigation subsystem serves ecological restoration and emergency water supply; the comprehensive protection subsystem ensures personnel safety and environmental monitoring; and the central control subsystem (IoT 4) acts as the "brain" to achieve coordinated control of all subsystems. All subsystems are interconnected via PE pipelines (water supply) and RVV / RVVP wires (power supply / communication). Specific component selection and installation details are as follows.

[0031] Example 1: Core Component Selection and Installation Details 1. Selection and installation of bracket 24 Selection parameters: Made of Q235 galvanized steel, the whole structure is a truss structure.

[0032] Installation process: Excavate a foundation pit in the desert, lay a concrete cushion layer at the bottom, and pre-embed 4 sets of M24 anchor bolts after the cushion layer has initially set. Align the bottom flange of the main upright of the support with the anchor bolts and tighten with double nuts. Then pour concrete into the pit until it is level with the ground and cure for 7 days to ensure strength. Weld a horizontal metal tray to bracket 24 for mounting the integrated controller 8; weld four symmetrical nozzle mounting seats (angle adjustable) for fixing the rotating nozzle 1; weld an emergency operation unit mounting plate (with anti-slip texture).

[0033] 2. Selection and installation of energy supply subsystem The energy supply subsystem includes blades 2, generator 5, air supply blades 6, photovoltaic panels 3, integrated controller 8, and storage batteries 22. The selection and installation of each component must be adapted to the desert wind, sunlight, and low temperature environment. Generator 5 and blade 2, air supply blade 6: Selection: Generator 5 is a 1kW permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine (model FD1.0-2.5), with a rated speed of 300r / min, a starting wind speed of ≤3m / s, and a cut-off wind speed of 25m / s; Blade 2 is a 3-blade glass fiber sand-resistant and wear-resistant composite material; Air supply blade 6 is a 4-blade arc-shaped ABS plastic blade with a blade tilt angle of 15° (adapted to generator speed). The output shaft of generator 5 is connected to blade 2 by a key. The bottom output shaft is fixed to the air supply blade 6 by a coupling (model YL10). After installation, the dynamic balance of blade 2 needs to be calibrated to avoid vibration during high-speed rotation.

[0034] Photovoltaic panel 3: Selection: 80W+300W polycrystalline silicon modules (model SP380) are adopted.

[0035] The photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed to the tower 9 by aluminum profile clamps. The output end of the module is connected to the RVV2×4mm² wire through the MC4 waterproof connector. The wire is fixed to the integrated controller 8 through PVC pipe.

[0036] Integrated Controller 8: Selection: Integrated control box (model SC-1000) integrating photovoltaic inverter (MPPT efficiency ≥98%, input voltage range 18-60V), wind power inverter (conversion efficiency ≥95%, input voltage range 24-48V) and electrical control functions, with IP66 protection rating, operating temperature -40℃~70℃, and built-in overcurrent, overvoltage, and overtemperature protection; Fixed on a metal tray of bracket 24, with silicone pads (for shock absorption) at the bottom, the input terminals are connected to photovoltaic panel 3 (PV+ / -) and generator 5 (AC-L / N) respectively, the output terminals are connected to storage battery 22 through RVV2×6mm² wire, and the control terminals are connected to IoT 4 through RVVP4×0.75mm² wire.

[0037] Storage Battery 22: Selection: 3000Ah lithium iron phosphate battery pack (model LFP-3000), single cell voltage 3.2V, 16 cells in series to form a 51.2V system; The battery pack is encapsulated in a 304 stainless steel protective box, with flame-retardant sponge laid inside. The protective box is buried 1m underground next to bracket 24, with the top of the box above the ground (to prevent water accumulation). It is connected to the integrated controller 8 through RVV2×6mm² wires (protected by galvanized steel pipes).

[0038] 3. Selection and installation of the air-water intake subsystem The air-to-water subsystem achieves efficient water intake through "three-stage precooling + compression condensation." Key issues to address in each component are sand and dust filtration and heat exchange efficiency. Specific selection and installation are as follows: Air outlet 7 equipped with a dust filter: Selection: Air outlet 7 is a 304 stainless steel circular channel, with a 100-mesh stainless steel dustproof mesh fixed inside by a buckle (model K10-304); The air inlet 7 is directly opposite the air outlet 6 of the air supply blade. The air outlet is connected to the top of the tower 9 through a flange, and a nitrile rubber gasket is placed between the flanges (for sealing and dust prevention).

[0039] Tower 9 and airflow distributor: Selection: The tower is made of galvanized steel pipe with a smooth inner wall. A ring bracket is welded at the top to install a honeycomb airflow distributor. The concrete foundation is vertically fixed next to bracket 24, and the bottom is connected to the PVC pipe through a flange. The outer wall of the PVC pipe is wrapped with thermal insulation cotton (to prevent condensation at low temperatures).

[0040] 16 vortex centrifugal precooling plates: Selection: Aluminum alloy material (model 6061-T6), cylindrical in shape, with a 50μm silica nano-coating on the groove surface (thermal conductivity 0.8W / (m・K)); A PVC pipe is connected in series between the bottom of the tower 9 and the filter 19. The pipe connection is glued with PVC glue and covered with stainless steel clamps (to prevent it from falling off due to negative pressure).

[0041] Filter 19: Selection: Two-stage filtration structure, the first stage is a 100-mesh nylon dust filter (washable), the second stage is a columnar activated carbon filter, and the outer shell is made of ABS material; The inlet is connected to the vortex centrifugal precooling plate 16 via a PVC pipe, and the outlet is connected to the suction end of the compressor 20 via a copper pipe. The copper pipe joint is sealed with silver brazing (grade BAg30CuZn).

[0042] Compressor 20 and oil reservoir 21: Selection: Compressor 20 is an 800W fully enclosed scroll compressor (model ZW61KA-TFP-542), refrigerant is R410A, rated discharge pressure is 2.4MPa, and operating temperature is -30℃~60℃; Oil receiver 21 is made of 304 stainless steel (capacity 1L) and has a built-in metal oil filter. The oil reservoir 21 is connected to the compressor lubricating oil inlet via a copper pipe, and a ball valve (model Q11F-16P) is installed on the copper pipe for easy replacement of lubricating oil.

[0043] Condensing spiral steel pipe 17 and electronic expansion valve 18: Selection: The condenser spiral steel pipe 17 is made of T2 copper (diameter 10mm, wall thickness 1mm, spiral diameter 500mm, number of turns 10, total length 15m), with nickel plating (thickness 5μm, corrosion resistant); the electronic expansion valve 18 is electromagnetic (model EXV-05), with a diameter of 5mm, working voltage DC24V, and control signal 4-20mA; The electronic expansion valve 18 is connected to the condenser outlet and the compressor 20 suction end via a copper pipe. A temperature sensor (model PT1000) is installed next to the expansion valve to monitor the working fluid temperature.

[0044] Water storage tank, radiator coil 26 and supporting modules: Selection: The water storage tank is made of 304 stainless steel (volume 2m³) with polished inner wall; the heat dissipation coil 26 is made of copper; liquid level sensor (model RS485-LC, measurement range 0-2m, accuracy ±1mm); water quality monitoring module (model SEN0239, detection parameters pH 0-14, turbidity 0-100NTU). The water storage tank is buried 3m underground (with fine sand at the bottom and insulation cotton on the side walls). The heat dissipation coil 26 is fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank with stainless steel clamps. The water inlet is connected to the middle of the condenser spiral steel pipe 17 through a copper pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the end of the condenser pipe. The liquid level sensor and the water quality monitoring module are connected to the Internet of Things 4 through a waterproof cable (model RVVP4×0.5mm²) through a galvanized steel pipe. The cable inlet is sealed with waterproof sealant (model 704).

[0045] 4. Selection and installation of intelligent irrigation subsystem The intelligent irrigation subsystem enables differentiated water supply for vegetation irrigation, emergency drinking water, and bird and poultry replenishment, with the core objective of ensuring both irrigation precision and drinking water safety. High-pressure water pump 27 and rotating spray head 1: Selection: High-pressure water pump 27 is a deep well submersible pump (model QJ10-50 / 10), rated power 1000W, flow rate 10m³ / h, head 50m, outlet diameter 50mm; Rotary spray head 1 is a Mag type rocker arm spray head (model TG50), flow rate 50L / min, spray angle adjustable from 0-360°, range 15m, working pressure 0.3MPa; The high-pressure water pump 27 is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank through a Φ50mm PE pipe (a Y-type filter, model GL41H-10, with a filter screen aperture of 1mm is installed on the pipe). The branch consists of 4 high-pressure PE pipes, and the end of each pipe is connected to the rotating spray head 1 through a threaded connector (model G1 / 2). After the spray head is installed, the spray angle needs to be calibrated (to ensure no overlap and no blind spots).

[0046] Low-pressure water pump 25 and water treatment module 13 with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function: Selection: Low-pressure water pump 25 is a miniature drinking water pump (model 12V-100W), with a flow rate of 1.2m³ / h, a head of 10m, and an outlet diameter of 15mm; Water treatment module 13 is made of 304 stainless steel and integrates four-stage treatment: PP cotton filter (5μm), granular activated carbon filter, RO reverse osmosis membrane (filtration accuracy 0.0001μm), and post-activated carbon filter, with a water production capacity of 1L / min and an operating pressure of 0.4MPa; The low-pressure water pump 25 is fixed next to the water storage tank and is connected to the water outlet of the water storage tank through a Φ15mm food-grade PE pipe (material PE100). A one-way valve (model H11W-10, to prevent water backflow) is installed on the PE pipe. The water treatment module 13 is fixed on the tower 9. The water inlet is connected to the low-pressure water pump 25, and the water outlet is branched into two paths through the food-grade PE pipe, which are respectively connected to the drinking water inlet of the bird feeder 12 and the emergency operation unit 11.

[0047] Bird water feeder 12: Selection: Food-grade PP material, built-in float level switch (model FQ-5, triggers liquid levels 1 / 3 and 2 / 3, operating voltage DC12V). The water inlet is connected to the water treatment module 13 via a food-grade PE pipe, and the float switch is connected to the Internet of Things 4 via an RVVP2×0.5mm² wire for transmitting liquid level signals.

[0048] 5. Selection and installation of integrated protection subsystem The integrated protection subsystem focuses on "personnel emergency response + environmental monitoring," and its core components must meet the high protection and rapid response requirements of the desert. Camera 10: Selection: High-definition night vision camera (model DS-2CD3T46WD-I5), 25fps frame rate, 500m night vision distance (infrared illumination distance); integrated infrared thermal imaging module (model TI200, temperature measurement range -40℃~200℃, accuracy ±2℃, monitoring angle 120°). The camera is fixed to one side of the tower 9 by an L-shaped bracket (the bracket can rotate 360° for easy calibration of the monitoring angle). The camera is powered by the storage battery 22 through a DC24V voltage regulator module (model LM2596). Data is connected to the IoT 4 via a network cable (model CAT5e, shielded), which is protected by a PVC pipe.

[0049] Emergency operation unit 11 integrates a drinking water inlet, an emergency button, and a mobile phone charging port. Model selection: The outer shell is made of 304 stainless steel. The drinking water connection port is equipped with a push-type water outlet valve (model K811, food grade, push stroke 5 mm); The rescue button is a waterproof silicone button (model DS-4, lifespan 100,000 times, pressing force 500 g); The mobile phone charging port includes a DC12V / 24V interface (output current 2A, interface model XT60) and a USB interface (output 5V / 2A, interface model Type-A); The drinking water connection port is connected to the water treatment module 13 through a food grade PE pipe. The rescue button is connected to the Internet of Things 4 through an RVVP2×0.5mm² wire. The charging port is connected to the regulated output terminal (DC12V / 24V) of the integrated controller 8 through an RVV2×1.0mm² wire.

[0050] 6. Model selection and installation of the central control subsystem (Internet of Things 4) The Internet of Things 4 is the control core of the system and needs to achieve multi-sensor data acquisition and multi-actuator linkage control: Model selection parameters: Based on the STM32H743VI microcontroller (main frequency 480 MHz, Flash 2MB, RAM 1MB), integrated with a 4G communication module (model SIM7600, supporting TD-LTE / FDD-LTE) and a Beidou positioning communication module (model BDS-6M, positioning accuracy ≤5m, communication rate 9600 bps); Expand 8-channel analog input (4-20mA), 16-channel digital input / output (DC24V); Protection level IP66, working temperature -40°C to 70°C; Installation and connection: Fixed in a metal box (with moisture-proof cotton laid inside the box), and the power supply is provided by the storage battery 22 through a DC24V voltage regulator module; Circuit connection: Connect to the control terminal of the integrated controller 8, the contactor of the compressor 20, the drive module of the electronic expansion valve 18, the relay of the high-pressure water pump 27, the relay of the low-pressure water pump 25, and the coil of the fire isolation valve (electromagnetic type, model ZCM-15) through an RVV2×0.75mm² wire respectively; Communication connection: Connect to the liquid level sensor, water quality monitoring module, soil humidity sensor (model SEN0193, buried horizontally in the soil to avoid direct sunlight), wind speed sensor (model FS-3000, horizontally calibrated to avoid occlusion), sandstorm concentration sensor (model GP2Y1014AU, air inlet facing down to prevent sand and dust), and temperature sensor (model DS18B20, avoiding direct sunlight) through an RVVP4×0.5mm² wire; Connect to the camera 10 through a network cable and connect to the integrated controller 8 through an RS485 bus.

[0051] Embodiment 2: System working process The workflow of this system revolves around a closed loop of "energy-water intake-irrigation-protection-control". The triggering conditions, execution actions, and linkage logic of each link are all implemented through IoT 4 preset programs. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Energy supply process Energy harvesting and conversion: 1. During the day (sunlight intensity ≥20000 lux): Photovoltaic panel 3 converts solar energy into DC power (36V), which is transmitted to the photovoltaic input terminal of integrated controller 8 through MC4 connector. The MPPT module of integrated controller 8 tracks the maximum power point and stabilizes the voltage to 48V. Part of the voltage is directly supplied to loads such as compressor 20 and water pump (DC48V), and the other part is used to charge battery 22 through charging module (constant current and constant voltage mode, charging current 50A). 2. When there is wind (wind speed ≥ 3m / s): the wind drives the blade 2 to rotate, which drives the generator 5 to output AC power (voltage 380V / 50Hz), which is transmitted to the wind power input terminal of the integrated controller 8, and converted to DC 48V by the rectifier module, and distributed in coordination with photovoltaic power. 3. In the absence of light / wind: the storage battery 22 supplies power to the load through the discharge module of the integrated controller 8, with a discharge protection voltage of 38.4V (to prevent over-discharge).

[0052] Load priority control: When IoT 4 detects that the battery 22's charge level is below 20% (monitored by a voltage sensor, battery voltage ≤ 40V), it sends a command to the integrated controller 8 to trigger the load priority mechanism: First priority (safety): Compressor 20 (maintain water intake), IoT 4 (maintain control), emergency operation unit 11 (maintain emergency function); Second priority (suspended): High-pressure water pump 27 (irrigation), low-pressure water pump 25 (non-emergency water replenishment), infrared supplementary light of camera 10 (non-essential monitoring). The priority adjustment interval is 1 minute, until the battery 22's charge recovers to more than 30% (voltage ≥ 43.2V), and normal power supply is restored.

[0053] 2. Air-to-Water Extraction Process Water intake activation conditions: When IoT4 detects that the water level in the storage tank is below 30% (water level sensor data ≤ 0.6m), or the air humidity is ≥ 15% (humidity sensor data), the air water intake subsystem will be automatically activated. Specific steps: 1. Air supply and primary filtration: Generator 5 drives air supply blades 6 to rotate (speed synchronized with generator, about 300 r / min), which compresses external air to air outlet 7 equipped with dust filter. The 100-mesh dust filter filters sand and dust particles (particle size ≥ 0.15 mm) in the air to prevent them from entering subsequent components. 2. First-stage precooling: The filtered air enters the tower 9 and exchanges heat with the environment through the thermal conductivity of the galvanized steel material (10% heat conduction to the outside), and the temperature drops by 5-8℃ (e.g., if the ambient temperature is 35℃, it drops to 27-30℃ after precooling). At the same time, the airflow distributor makes the air evenly distributed and avoids excessive local flow velocity. 3. Secondary precooling: The precooled air flows into the vortex centrifugal precooling plate 16, forming a high-speed vortex (flow velocity ≥15m / s) in the spiral groove. Under the action of centrifugal force, the air comes into full contact with the inner wall, and the heat dissipation is enhanced by the nano-coating, and the temperature is further reduced by 10-15℃ (down to 12-20℃), close to the dew point temperature. 4. Fine filtration: After secondary pre-cooling, the air enters filter 19. The 100-mesh nylon filter removes residual sand and dust, while the activated carbon filter adsorbs odors and trace organic matter (such as volatile oils in the desert), ensuring air cleanliness. 5. Compression and Condensation: Clean air enters the compressor 20 and is compressed to a high temperature and high pressure state (temperature 70-80℃, pressure 1.8-2.0MPa), and then flows into the condenser spiral steel pipe 17; the heat exchange coil 26 in the water storage tank and the condenser pipe form a heat exchange (the water inlet end of the heat exchange coil 26 is connected to the middle of the condenser pipe, and the water outlet end is connected to the end). The air temperature drops to 20-25℃, and the water vapor condenses into liquid water; 6. Working fluid circulation and water storage: The condensed working fluid is throttled and depressurized by the electronic expansion valve 18 (pressure drops to 0.3-0.5MPa, temperature drops to 5-10℃), and then returns to the compressor 20 to complete the circulation; the condensed water flows into the water storage tank along the condenser pipe, and the oil reservoir 21 replenishes the compressor with lubricating oil in real time (0.5-1mL per hour) and separates the oil from the compressed air (to prevent oil from entering the water storage tank); 7. Water intake control: The IoT 4 adjusts the opening of the electronic expansion valve 18 based on air humidity sensor data: when humidity is <25%, the opening is increased to 80% (increasing the refrigeration circulation flow and improving water production efficiency); when humidity is ≥25%, the opening is maintained at 50% (normal efficiency).

[0054] Water storage protection: When the water level in the storage tank reaches 90% (≥1.8m), the level sensor sends a signal to the Internet of Things 4 to shut down the compressor 20 and stop water intake; if the water level exceeds 95% (≥1.9m), the overflow outlet 23 automatically drains water to prevent the water tank from being pressurized.

[0055] 3. Intelligent irrigation process Vegetation irrigation logic: IoT4 collects soil moisture sensor data every 5 minutes (averaging 3 times to avoid errors): When the soil moisture < 15% (volume water content), send an instruction to the relay of the high-pressure water pump 27 to start the pump. The high-pressure water is transported through the high-pressure water pipe 14 to the rotating sprinkler head 1, and the sprinkler head sprays at a 360° angle (flow rate 50 L / min), covering a vegetation area of 300 - 500 ㎡. When the soil moisture > 30%, the Internet of Things 4 closes the high-pressure water pump 27 to stop irrigation; during the irrigation process, if the liquid level in the water storage tank is lower than 20% (≤ 0.4 m), irrigation is paused to prioritize emergency water use.

[0056] Emergency drinking water and bird water replenishment logic: 1. Emergency drinking water: When personnel need to drink water, press the valve of the drinking water interface of the emergency operation unit 11, and the drinking water purified by the water treatment module 13 (meeting GB5749 - 2022) flows out. It automatically closes after the valve is released to avoid waste. 2. Bird water replenishment: When the float level switch in the bird water feeder 12 detects that the liquid level is lower than 1 / 3 (≤ 1.7 L), it sends a signal to the Internet of Things 4 to start the low-pressure water pump 25. The water filtered by the water treatment module 13 flows into the water feeder until the liquid level reaches 2 / 3 (≥ 3.3 L), and then the water pump is closed.

[0057] 4. Comprehensive protection process Fire prevention warning and linkage: 1. The infrared thermal imaging module of the camera 10 collects regional temperature data every 1 second. When a heat source > 70℃ (such as dry grass spontaneous combustion, open fire) is detected, it sends a signal to the Internet of Things 4. 2. The Internet of Things 4 triggers the audible and visual alarm of the emergency operation unit 11 (buzzer volume ≥ 100 dB, LED light flashing frequency 1 Hz), and at the same time uploads the fire source location (Beidou positioning coordinates) and temperature data to the area monitoring center through the 4G / Beidou dual-mode communication module (upload delay ≤ 5 s). 3. If the fire source is within the irrigation coverage area (judged by camera positioning), the Internet of Things 4 controls the fire prevention isolation valve of the high-pressure water pipe 14 in the corresponding area of the fire source to close (cut off the water supply in this area to prevent the fire from spreading), and at the same time controls the spraying intensity of the surrounding 3 rotating sprinkler heads 1 to increase to 70 L / min (realized by adjusting the speed of the high-pressure water pump), forming a fire prevention isolation belt with a radius of 5 m, and continuously spraying until the fire is extinguished or personnel arrive at the scene for disposal.

[0058] Sandstorm warning and linkage: The sandstorm concentration sensor collects data every 1 minute. When the concentration > 3000 μg / m³, the Internet of Things 4 automatically uploads the warning data (including concentration, wind speed, wind direction) to the monitoring center through the Beidou module, and links with the surrounding systems: Control the rotating sprinkler head 1 to start low-pressure spraying (flow rate 20 L / min) to reduce the suspended dust in the air. Send a command to the integrated controller 8 to reduce the upper limit of the output power of the photovoltaic panel 3 (to avoid power fluctuations caused by sand and dust blocking it). If the wind speed is ≥15m / s, turn off compressor 20 to avoid overload damage to the air supply blades 6.

[0059] Emergency Operation Unit Functions: 1. Rescue Alarm: When a person encounters danger, pressing the rescue button on the emergency operation unit 11 will cause the IoT 4 to send the current location coordinates (accuracy ≤ 5m) and a distress signal (containing "system number + location + distress type") to the rescue center via the Beidou module within ≤10s, while simultaneously triggering the audible and visual alarm. 2. Emergency charging: When mobile phones, walkie-talkies and other devices need to be charged, connect to the DC12V / 24V interface or USB interface of the emergency operation unit 11. The integrated controller 8 will regulate the voltage of the storage battery 22 to the corresponding value (DC12V±0.5V, DC24V±1V, USB5V±0.2V). The maximum output current of a single interface is 2A, which meets the emergency power supply requirements. 3. Protection and maintenance: The outer shell of the emergency operation unit 11 has an IP65 protection rating, which can resist the intrusion of sand and rain. The air outlet 7 is equipped with a dustproof screen, which can be removed by a buckle. It needs to be removed and cleaned (washed with a high-pressure water gun) every 3 months to avoid sand and dust clogging and affecting airflow input.

[0060] 5. Central control and scheduling logic IoT4 achieves dynamic scheduling of the entire system through built-in programs. The core logic includes: Parameter monitoring frequency: liquid level, soil moisture, and dust concentration every 1 minute; temperature and wind speed every 5 minutes; equipment operating status (current and voltage) every 10 seconds. Energy dispatch: Wind and solar power are given priority. If they are insufficient, battery 22 will be activated. When the battery 22 charge is below 20%, load priority will be activated. When it is above 80%, charging will be stopped (to avoid overcharging). Water intake control: The opening of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted according to the air humidity, and the opening is larger when the humidity is lower; when the water quality monitoring module of the water storage tank detects turbidity > 50 NTU, a cleaning reminder is sent to the monitoring center; Data storage and upload: System operation data (energy, water intake, irrigation, protection) is stored locally for 3 months and uploaded to the cloud server via 4G module at 0:00 every day for remote monitoring and maintenance.

[0061] Example 3: Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Features 1. The rectification and voltage regulation functions of the integrated controller 8 are achieved through the built-in rectifier bridge (model KBPC3510) and DC-DC module (model LM2576). The load priority mechanism controls the on / off of the internal relays of the integrated controller through the IO port signal sent by IoT 4 to ensure that the core load is prioritized. 2. The pre-cooling and temperature reduction of each stage of the air-water intake subsystem is monitored in real time by temperature sensors (temperature after first-stage pre-cooling, temperature after second-stage pre-cooling, and temperature after condensation). The amount of lubricating oil replenished in the oil reservoir 21 is controlled by the oil level observation window to avoid over- or under-filling. 3. The soil moisture sensor's detection value is converted into a digital value through the ADC module. The irrigation start and stop threshold is set through the IoT 4 parameter configuration interface (which can be adjusted according to the vegetation type). The float switch of the bird feeder is triggered by a DC12V high level signal. After the IoT detects this signal, it starts the low-pressure water pump. 4. The opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 18 is controlled by the 4-20mA analog signal output by IoT 4 (4mA corresponds to 0% opening degree, 20mA corresponds to 100% opening degree). The data of the air humidity sensor is updated every 10 seconds to ensure timely adjustment of the opening degree. 5. The fireproof isolation valve is electromagnetic, which closes when energized and opens when de-energized. Its status is uploaded to IoT4 via feedback signal; the circulating pump (model RS15 / 6) is installed at the water inlet of the heat exchange coil 26 and is started and stopped by the relay of IoT4. When accelerating heat exchange, the pump speed is increased to 2800r / min. 6. The water storage tank is located 3m underground, utilizing the constant underground temperature environment (the temperature at 3m underground in the desert is maintained at 15-20℃ all year round) to reduce water temperature fluctuations; the water inlet of the heat dissipation coil 26 is connected to the middle of the condenser spiral steel pipe 17, which can use the medium-temperature working fluid in the middle section of the condenser pipe for heat exchange, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency; the push-button water outlet valve of the drinking water inlet is a one-way valve structure to avoid water leakage in non-emergency situations.

[0062] It should be noted that the control method of this application can be automatically controlled by a controller. The control method of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by those skilled in the art, which is common knowledge in the field. Furthermore, this application is mainly used to protect mechanical structures, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail here.

[0063] In summary, the desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and comprehensive security system of this application integrates wind and solar complementary power supply, three-level air water intake, intelligent irrigation, comprehensive protection and central control subsystems, with outstanding advantages: it does not rely on external energy and water sources and can independently and stably supply energy and water; the integrated design reduces redundant construction and lowers operation and maintenance costs; the core components are sand-resistant, wear-resistant and highly protective, adaptable to the extreme desert environment; the emergency operation unit ensures the safety of personnel drinking water, rescue and charging; intelligent linkage control improves operational efficiency, adapts to multiple desertification control scenarios, and effectively solves the pain points of existing technologies.

Claims

1. A desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system, characterized in that, It includes an energy supply subsystem, an air and water intake subsystem, an intelligent irrigation subsystem, an integrated protection subsystem and a central control subsystem. Each subsystem is interconnected through pipelines, circuits and communication lines, and the core components are all installed on the bracket (24). The energy supply subsystem includes blades (2), a generator (5), air supply blades (6), photovoltaic panels (3), an integrated controller (8) that combines photovoltaic inverters, wind power inverters, and electrical control functions, and a storage battery (22); the generator (5) is a 1kW permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine generator, fixedly installed on the upper part of the bracket (24); the blades (2) are made of glass fiber anti-sand and wear-resistant composite material, coaxially mounted on the top output shaft of the generator (5); the air supply blades (6) are coaxially fixed on the bottom output shaft of the generator (5), and rotate synchronously with the generator (5) to deliver air; the photovoltaic panel (3) is a 1kW permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine generator, fixedly mounted on the upper part of the bracket (24); the photovoltaic panel (3), a wind power inverter, and an electrical control function (8) are integrated with the photovoltaic inverter, wind power inverter, and electrical control function (8), and a storage battery (22); the generator (5) is a 1kW permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine generator, fixedly mounted on the upper part of the bracket (24); the blades (2) are made of glass fiber anti-sand and wear-resistant composite material, coaxially mounted on the top output shaft of the generator (5); the air supply blades (6) are coaxially fixed on the bottom output shaft of the generator (5), and rotate synchronously with the generator (5) to deliver air; the photovoltaic panel (3) is a 1kW permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine generator, fixedly mounted on the top ... The photovoltaic panel (3) is an 80W+300W polycrystalline silicon module with a sand-proof coating on the surface. It is tilted and fixed to the side of the bracket (24) with an array tilt angle of 35° to adapt to the desert latitude. The output end of the photovoltaic panel (3) is connected to the photovoltaic input end of the integrated controller (8) through a wire. The output end of the generator (5) is connected to the wind power input end of the integrated controller (8) through a wire. The energy storage output end of the integrated controller (8) is connected to the storage battery (22) through a wire. The storage battery (22) is a 3000Ah lithium iron phosphate battery pack that can withstand ambient temperatures of -30℃ to 70℃, realizing wind and solar power coordinated rectification, inversion and storage. The air intake water subsystem includes an air outlet (7) with a dustproof screen, a tower (9), a vortex centrifugal precooling plate (16), a filter (19), a compressor (20), an oil reservoir (21), an electronic expansion valve (18), a condensing spiral steel pipe (17), a heat dissipation coil (26), and a water tank with an overflow outlet (23). The tower (9) is a galvanized steel primary precooling structure with a diameter of 30cm and a height of 4m. Its top opening is fixedly connected to the air outlet (7) with a dustproof screen. The air inlet (7) of the dustproof net corresponds to the air outlet of the air supply blade (6), and an airflow distributor is provided below the air inlet (7) of the tower (9) corresponding to the dustproof net; the bottom outlet of the tower (9) is connected to the input end of the vortex centrifugal precooling plate (16) through a pipeline, and the vortex centrifugal precooling plate (16) is a two-stage precooling structure with a 50μm silica nano-coating on the inner wall; the output end of the vortex centrifugal precooling plate (16) is connected to the input end of the filter (19) through a pipeline. The filter (19) is a two-stage filtration structure containing a 100-mesh dust filter and an activated carbon filter; the output end of the filter (19) is connected to the suction end of the compressor (20) through a pipeline, and the oil reservoir (21) is connected to the lubrication oil circuit of the compressor (20) through an oil pipe to achieve lubrication and oil separation; the discharge end of the compressor (20) is connected to the input end of the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) through a pipeline, and the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) is a three-stage refrigeration spiral structure made of copper with a wall thickness of 1mm; the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) is a two ... The output end of the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) is connected to the input end of the electronic expansion valve (18) through a pipeline. The output end of the electronic expansion valve (18) is connected back to the suction end of the compressor (20) through a pipeline to form a refrigeration cycle loop. The heat dissipation coil (26) is located inside the water storage tank and forms a closed heat exchange loop with the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) through a pipeline. The overflow port (23) is opened on the top side wall of the water storage tank to realize the drainage of the liquid level. The inner wall of the water storage tank is also equipped with a liquid level sensor and a water quality monitoring module. The intelligent irrigation subsystem includes a high-pressure water pump (27), a high-pressure water pipe (14), a rotary sprinkler head (1), a low-pressure water pump (25), a low-pressure water pipe (15), a water treatment module (13) with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function, and a bird feeder (12). The high-pressure water pump (27) is a deep water pump with a power of 1000W and a head of 50m. Its inlet end is connected to the outlet of the water storage tank through a pipeline, and its outlet end is connected to the rotary sprinkler head (1) through the high-pressure water pipe (14). The rotary sprinkler head (1) has a flow rate of 50L / min and can adjust the spray angle by 360°. The low-pressure water pump (25) has a power of 1000W and a head of 50m. A 0W drinking water pump has its inlet end connected to the outlet of a water storage tank via a pipeline, and its outlet end connected to the input end of a water treatment module (13) with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function via a low-pressure water pipe (15). The filtration accuracy of the water treatment module (13) with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function is 0.0001μm. The output end of the water treatment module (13) with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function is connected to a bird feeder (12) and the application drinking water inlet of an emergency operation unit (11) with integrated application drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port via branch pipelines. The bird feeder (12) has a built-in float level switch. The integrated protection subsystem includes a camera (10) and an emergency operation unit (11) that integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port functions; the camera (10) is a high-definition night vision camera with a viewing distance of 500m and integrated infrared thermal imaging function (monitoring angle 120°), which is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket (24); the emergency operation unit (11) that integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port functions is fixed at the lower part of the bracket (24) in an easy-to-operate position, and its mobile phone charging port is connected to the power output terminal of the storage battery (22) after voltage regulation by the integrated controller (8) through a wire, supporting DC12V / 24V and USB output, and its rescue button is connected to the central control subsystem through a communication line; The central control subsystem is an Internet of Things (4), based on an STM32H743 microcontroller and integrating 4G and Beidou dual-mode communication modules. The Internet of Things (4) is connected to the integrated controller (8), compressor (20), electronic expansion valve (18), high-pressure water pump (27), low-pressure water pump (25) and fireproof isolation valve on the branch pipeline of high-pressure water pipe (14) through circuits. It is connected to the camera (10), water level sensor and water quality monitoring module of water storage tank, soil moisture sensor buried at a depth of 30cm, wind speed sensor installed at a height of 8m (measurement range 0-30m / s), sandstorm concentration sensor with a measurement range of 0-5000μg / m³ and temperature sensor with a measurement range of -40℃~85℃ through communication lines to realize energy scheduling, water intake regulation, irrigation control and protection linkage.

2. The intelligent desert water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated controller (8) can rectify and stabilize the DC power output from the photovoltaic panel (3) and the AC power output from the generator (5). When the battery (22) power is less than 20%, the integrated controller (8) starts the load priority mechanism under the control of the Internet of Things (4) to prioritize the power supply of the compressor (20), the Internet of Things (4) and the emergency operation unit (11) which integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port functions.

3. The intelligent desert water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working process of the air-water intake subsystem is as follows: the air supply blades (6) pressurize the external air to the air outlet (7) equipped with a dustproof net, and after being filtered by the dustproof net, it enters the tower (9). The galvanized steel material of the tower (9) conducts heat outward by 10% to achieve the first-stage precooling; the precooled air flows into the vortex centrifugal precooling plate (16) to form a high-speed vortex, achieving a second-stage precooling with a 30% temperature reduction; the air after the second-stage precooling passes through the filter (19) to filter sand particles and odor impurities and then enters the compressor (20) for compression and heating; the heated air flows into the condensing spiral steel pipe (17), and achieves a 40% condensation and water production through heat exchange with the heat dissipation coil (26); the working fluid after water production is throttled and depressurized by the electronic expansion valve (18) and then returned to the compressor (20) to complete the refrigeration cycle; the produced water is collected in the water storage tank, and the oil reservoir (21) replenishes the compressor (20) with lubricating oil in real time and separates the oil in the compressed air.

4. The desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation control logic of the Internet of Things (4) is as follows: when the soil moisture sensor detects a value of <15%, the high-pressure water pump (27) is started and the water is irrigated to the vegetation by rotating the water nozzle (1); when the soil moisture sensor detects a value of >30%, the high-pressure water pump (27) is stopped irrigating; when the liquid level in the bird feeder (12) is lower than 1 / 3, the float level switch sends a signal to the Internet of Things (4), and the Internet of Things (4) controls the low-pressure water pump (25) to start and replenish water to the bird feeder (12) through the water treatment module (13) with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function.

5. The desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared thermal imaging function integrated in the camera (10) can identify heat sources >70℃. When such heat sources are detected, the camera (10) transmits the signal to the Internet of Things (4). The Internet of Things (4) triggers the sound and light alarm linked with the emergency operation unit (11) which integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port functions, and uploads the fire source location and temperature data through the 4G and Beidou dual-mode communication module. When the sandstorm concentration sensor detects that the sandstorm concentration is >3000μg / m³, the Internet of Things (4) automatically uploads the early warning data through the Beidou module and links the surrounding protection system to start sandstorm protection measures.

6. The intelligent desert water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the emergency operation unit (11) that integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port, when the rescue button is pressed, the Internet of Things (4) sends the current location coordinates and distress signal through the Beidou module within ≤10s; the drinking water inlet outputs drinking water purified by the water treatment module (13) with integrated reverse osmosis filtration function to meet emergency drinking water needs; the output voltage of the mobile phone charging port is regulated to DC12V / 24V by the integrated controller (8), and the USB interface output voltage is 5V, which is compatible with different emergency charging devices.

7. The intelligent desert water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening degree of the electronic expansion valve (18) is controlled by the Internet of Things (4) based on the air humidity sensor data: when the air humidity is <25%, the Internet of Things (4) controls the electronic expansion valve (18) to increase the opening degree to improve the refrigeration cycle efficiency, thereby improving the water production efficiency of the compressor (20); when the air humidity is ≥25%, the electronic expansion valve (18) maintains the normal opening degree.

8. A desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the camera (10) detects a fire source, the Internet of Things (4) controls the fire isolation valve on the branch pipe of the high-pressure water pipe (14) to close the high-pressure water pipe (14) in the area corresponding to the fire source, and at the same time controls the rotating water head (1) around the area to increase the spraying force to form a fire isolation zone around the fire source; the heat exchange circuit between the heat exchange coil (26) and the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) in the water storage tank is equipped with a circulation pump controlled by the Internet of Things (4), which can accelerate heat transfer to improve the efficiency of condensation water production.

9. A desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet (7) equipped with a dustproof net is a 100-mesh metal filter and can be detachably fixed to the inside of the air outlet through a snap-fit ​​structure, which is convenient for regular disassembly and cleaning to avoid sand and dust blockage; the emergency operation unit (11) that integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port functions is made of stainless steel with IP65 protection level to prevent desert sand and rainwater from entering the internal circuit.

10. A desert intelligent water intake ecological restoration and integrated security system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank is made of 304 stainless steel with a volume of 2m³ and is located 3m underground to reduce the impact of ambient temperature on the water storage. The heat dissipation coil (26) is a copper pipe arranged in a spiral shape on the inner wall of the water storage tank. Its inlet end is connected to the middle pipe of the condensing spiral steel pipe (17), and its outlet end is connected to the end pipe of the condensing spiral steel pipe (17) to form an efficient heat exchange circuit. The emergency operation unit (11) that integrates drinking water inlet, rescue button and mobile phone charging port is equipped with a push-button water outlet valve at the drinking water inlet to avoid water waste in non-emergency situations.

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