Closed space risk fusion emergency early warning and command decision-making method

Abstract

The invention relates to a closed space risk fusion emergency early warning and command decision-making method, and belongs to the technical field of emergency rescue and disaster prevention and control. Data interaction between a disaster area and a command center is realized by constructing a rapid ad hoc network; various risk level evaluation models in a closed space are constructed by combining rescue workers, position information of an accident occurrence site, personnel physiological health information, respiratory protection equipment state parameters, environment parameters, audio and video information and other multi-dimensional data; therefore, analysis and early warning of personnel operation fatigue, physiological health, protection equipment airtightness, protection equipment remaining combat time and combat radius distance are realized, graded early warning of asphyxia risk, high temperature risk, fire risk, explosion risk and other disasters in a closed space is realized, and an emergency command and evacuation decision is automatically generated based on an early warning result. Therefore, real-time monitoring, comprehensive early warning and scientific scheduling in disaster rescue are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of emergency rescue and disaster prevention, and relates to a risk fusion emergency early warning and command decision method for a closed space. BACKGROUND

[0002] When disasters such as outburst, impact ground pressure, rock burst, flood, fire, explosion, collapse, leakage of toxic and harmful gas, poisoning and oxygen deficiency occur in closed spaces such as mine shafts, traffic tunnels and lava caves, the original communication and monitoring system may be damaged or interrupted, resulting in problems such as complex disaster area environment, passive safety protection and unpredictable personnel health status of rescue personnel and trapped personnel entering the closed space, which brings great difficulties to emergency and rescue work.

[0003] In the prior art, the following problems exist: Insufficient communication guarantee: At present, emergency disposal and rescue work mainly rely on wired phones, which cannot transmit disaster area environment exploration information and audio and video information to the ground command center, nor can they realize information interaction between the command center and the rescue team, resulting in serious information sharing and real-time transmission vulnerabilities in the emergency rescue process.

[0004] Deficiency in personnel health and fatigue determination method: The existing wearable device determines the index according to normal life of people without considering the major psychological and environmental differences in the process of emergency disposal and rescue, and lacks comprehensive determination of multiple parameters, which cannot fully reflect personnel fatigue and health risks.

[0005] Inadequate early warning of respiratory protection equipment: The existing respiratory protection equipment only monitors the residual oxygen pressure and lacks dynamic evaluation of air tightness and combat radius, which makes personnel prone to danger due to oxygen deficiency or equipment failure.

[0006] Limited disaster area environment monitoring dimension: The existing sensing means are mainly concentrated on O2, CH4 and other gas over-limit alarm, lacking joint analysis of composite information such as temperature and humidity, wind speed, video visibility and infrared temperature, and the early warning is not accurate enough.

[0007] Lack of quantitative basis for emergency command: Current decisions mainly rely on the experience of commanders, lack of risk grading and evacuation rules based on data, and are prone to cause command delay or blind risk-taking.

[0008] Therefore, an emergency early warning and command decision method for a closed space is needed, which integrates multi-source information collection, risk intelligent determination and scientific scheduling instructions to improve the real-time, safety and scientificity of rescue. SUMMARY

[0009] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide an emergency early warning and command decision method for a closed space.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: An emergency early warning and command decision method for a closed space, comprising the following steps: S1: building a rapid ad hoc network communication system to realize information interaction between the disaster area and the command center; S2: collecting personnel position information, motion time and walking distance information in the closed space, drawing a closed space and personnel motion route map and an exploration information marking map; S3: collecting disaster area personnel fatigue and health information, including heart rate B, blood oxygen S, body temperature T1 and their duration, analyzing the fatigue and health status of the disaster area personnel; S4: collecting respiratory protection equipment state information, including residual oxygen pressure P and its change trend, analyzing the state, air tightness and equipment combat radius of the respiratory protection equipment; S5: collecting disaster area respiratory environment information, including O2, CH4, CO, CO2, environmental temperature T2, humidity R, wind speed V information, realizing disaster area environment suffocation and explosion early warning; S6: collecting disaster area audio and video information, including personnel communication information, infrared imaging T3 and video information, realizing disaster area environment fire risk early warning; S7: collecting trapped personnel signal emission information, analyzing the distance between the trapped personnel and the search and rescue personnel; S8: conveying emergency command decision information.

[0011] Further, in step S2, the position information of the disaster area environment personnel is collected, the disaster area travel route map is drawn according to the positioning, inertial navigation and time information of the personnel entering the disaster area, and the route map is marked in time according to the image, personnel, protection equipment state, environment, audio and video information in the process of the route map. Using time axis and distance axis as the reference, the changes of various parameters with the changes of time and distance are drawn, and the corresponding curves and dynamic pictures are drawn.

[0012] Further, the fatigue rules of the disaster area personnel are as follows: When 35≤B<60 or the operation time t<1.5h, the personnel have no fatigue risk; When 60≤B<100 and the duration exceeds 40min, or and the duration exceeds 20min, or 1.5h≤operation time t<2h, there is a first-level fatigue risk; When 100≤B<120 and the duration exceeds 60min, or and the duration exceeds 30min, or 2h≤operation time t<2.5h, there is a second-level fatigue risk; When 120≤B<165 and the duration exceeds 90min, or and the duration exceeds 40 min, or 2.5 h≤operation time t<3 h, fatigue level 3 risk; when B≥165 and the duration exceeds 120 min, or and the duration exceeds 60 min, or operation time t≥3 h, fatigue level 4 risk; Heart rate B risk determination rules are as follows: When 60≤B<100, the personnel have no heart rate risk; When 50≤B<60 or 100≤B<120, slight bradycardia or tachycardia, heart rate level 1 risk; When 40≤B<50 or 120≤B<165, significant bradycardia or tachycardia, heart rate level 2 risk; When 35≤B<40 or , where Y is the age of the personnel, severe bradycardia or tachycardia, heart rate level 3 risk; When B<35 or , critical state of heart rate, heart rate level 4 risk; Blood oxygen S risk determination rules are as follows: When S≥98%, ideal blood oxygen level, no blood oxygen risk; When 95%≤S<98%, slight hypoxemia, level 1 risk; When 90%≤S<95%, significant hypoxemia, level 2 risk; When 85%≤S<90%, severe hypoxemia, level 3 risk; When S<85%, respiratory failure risk, level 4 risk; Body temperature T1 risk determination rules are as follows: When 36℃≤T1<37.2℃, normal body temperature, no risk; When 35.0℃≤T1<36.0℃, slight hypothermia, or when 37.2℃≤T1<37.5℃, slight hyperthermia, level 1 risk; When 32.0℃≤T1<35.0℃, significant hypothermia, or when 37.5℃≤T1<38.0℃, significant hyperthermia, level 2 risk; When 28.0℃≤T1<32.0℃, severe hypothermia, or when 38.0℃≤T1<39.0℃, severe hyperthermia, level 3 risk; When T1<28.0℃ or T1≥39.0℃, body temperature crisis, level 4 risk.

[0013] Further, in step S4, the maximum protection time before returning to the safe place is the time difference corresponding to P=5 MPa when the current residual pressure is, and the safe return radius is calculated as:

[0014] The safe operational radius is:

[0015] In the formula For safety factor; The average speed of people moving; The distance between people and a safe location; For estimated non-travel operation time; The decrease in oxygen pressure per unit time; To ensure the safe return radius for personnel; To ensure the safety of personnel during operations; 1) Operational distance risk warning: when At that time, there was no risk in terms of combat distance; When safe return radius At that time, a Level 1 warning for operational distance risk was issued; When safe return radius At that time, a level-two warning for operational distance risk was issued; When safe return radius At that time, a level-three early warning for operational distance risk was issued; When safe return radius At that time, a Level 4 warning for operational distance risk was issued; 2) Combat radius early warning: When the combat radius When the range is greater than 1000m, there is no risk to the combat radius; When the combat radius is 1000m≤ <700m, combat radius level 1 risk; When the combat radius is 700m≤ <400m, operational radius level 2 risk; When the combat radius is 400m≤ <100m, combat radius level three risk; When the combat radius ≤100m, combat radius level four risk; 3) When When the value exceeds the preset value, an airtightness risk warning will be issued; when At pressure <0.1 MPa, there is no risk to airtightness; When 0.1MPa≤ If the pressure is less than 0.15 MPa and the duration exceeds 2 minutes, it indicates a level 1 risk of airtightness. When 0.15MPa≤ When <0.3MPa, the duration exceeds 2 minutes, or 0.1MPa ≤ <0.15 MPa for more than 5 min, risk level 2 for air tightness; <0.4 MPa for more than 2 min, or 0.15 MPa ≤ <0.3 MPa for more than 5 min, risk level 3 for air tightness; <0.4 MPa for more than 2 min, or 0.15 MPa ≤ <0.3 MPa for more than 10 min, or 0.3 MPa ≤ <0.5 MPa for more than 2 min, or 0.15 MPa ≤ <0.3 MPa for more than 10 min, or 0.3 MPa ≤ <0.4 MPa for more than 5 min, risk level 4 for air tightness.

[0016] Further, the disaster area breathing environment information is collected in step S5, specifically including: 1) O2 concentration risk: When O2 concentration ≥ 19.5%, there is no risk of hypoxia; When 16% ≤ O2 concentration < 19.5%, there is a risk of hypoxia and suffocation level 1; When 10% ≤ O2 concentration < 16%, there is a risk of hypoxia and suffocation level 2; When 6% ≤ O2 concentration < 10%, there is a risk of hypoxia and suffocation level 3; When O2 concentration < 6%, there is a risk of hypoxia and suffocation level 4; 2) CH4 concentration explosion risk: When 1% ≤ CH4 concentration < 2%, there is no risk of gas explosion; When 2% ≤ CH4 concentration < 3%, there is a risk of explosion level 1; When 3% ≤ CH4 concentration < 4%, there is a risk of explosion level 2; When CH4 concentration > 15%, there is a risk of explosion level 3; When 5% ≤ CH4 concentration ≤ 15%, there is a risk of explosion level 4; 3) CH4 concentration suffocation risk: When CH4 concentration < 5%, there is no risk of methane suffocation; When 5% ≤ CH4 concentration < 15%, there is a risk of methane suffocation level 1; When 15% ≤ CH4 concentration < 25%, there is a risk of methane suffocation level 2; When 25% ≤ CH4 concentration < 35%, there is a risk of methane suffocation level 3; When CH4 concentration > 35%, there is a risk of methane suffocation level 4; 4) CO concentration explosion risk: When CO concentration < 5%, there is no risk of carbon monoxide explosion; When 5%≤ CO concentration < 10%, first degree risk of explosion; When 10%≤ CO concentration < 12.5%, second degree risk of explosion; When CO concentration > 74%, third degree risk of explosion; When 12.5%≤ CO concentration < 74%, fourth degree risk of explosion; 5) CO concentration suffocation risk: When CO concentration < 0.0035%, no carbon monoxide suffocation risk; When 0.0035%≤ CO concentration < 0.01%, first degree risk of carbon monoxide suffocation; When 0.01%≤ CO concentration < 0.02%, second degree risk of carbon monoxide suffocation; When 0.02%≤ CO concentration < 0.08%, third degree risk of carbon monoxide suffocation; When CO concentration > 0.08%, fourth degree risk of carbon monoxide suffocation; 6) Ambient temperature T2 risk: When 10℃≤ ambient temperature T2≤ 27℃, no ambient temperature risk; When 27℃≤ ambient temperature T2< 35℃, first degree risk of high temperature; When 35℃≤ ambient temperature T2< 37℃, second degree risk of high temperature; When 37℃≤ ambient temperature T2< 40℃, third degree risk of high temperature; When ambient temperature T2≥ 40℃, fourth degree risk of high temperature; When 0℃≤ ambient temperature T2< 10℃, first degree risk of low temperature; When -5℃≤ ambient temperature T2< 5℃, second degree risk of low temperature; When -15℃≤ ambient temperature T2< -5℃, third degree risk of low temperature; When ambient temperature T2≤ -15℃, fourth degree risk of low temperature; 7) Wind speed V risk When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time < 10%, the wind network is normal; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time 10%≤ < 20%, first degree warning of the wind network; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time 20%≤ < 30%, second degree warning of the wind network; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time 30%≤ < 40%, third degree warning of the wind network; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time ≥ 40%, fourth degree warning of the wind network.

[0017] Further, the audio and video information in the disaster area is collected in step S6, specifically including: 1) The video visibility risk is determined as follows: When the video visibility is ≥ 30 m, the smoke environment is normal; When 10 m≤ video visibility < 30 m, the smoke environment is a first-level warning; When 3 m≤ video visibility < 10 m, the smoke environment is a second-level warning; When 1 m≤ video visibility < 3 m, the smoke environment is a third-level warning; When the video visibility < 1 m, the smoke environment is a fourth-level warning; 2) The infrared imaging temperature maxT3 risk is determined as follows: When maxT3 < 40℃, the infrared imaging temperature is normal; When 40℃≤ maxT3 < 60℃, the infrared imaging temperature is a first-level warning; When 60℃≤ maxT3 < 100℃, the infrared imaging temperature is a second-level warning; When 100℃≤ maxT3 < 200℃, the infrared imaging temperature is a third-level warning; When maxT3 ≥ 200℃, the infrared imaging temperature is a fourth-level warning.

[0018] Further, the emergency command decision information is conveyed in step S8, including: 1) Other than the combat radius warning, when there is a fourth-level risk of fatigue, a fourth-level risk of heart rate, a fourth-level risk of blood oxygen, a fourth-level risk of body temperature crisis, a fourth-level warning of combat distance risk, a fourth-level risk of air tightness, a fourth-level risk of hypoxia asphyxia, a fourth-level risk of explosion, a fourth-level risk of methane asphyxia, a fourth-level risk of carbon monoxide asphyxia, a fourth-level risk of high temperature, a fourth-level risk of low temperature, a fourth-level warning of wind network, a fourth-level warning of smoke environment, or a fourth-level warning of infrared imaging temperature, the rescue team should immediately evacuate, and the rescue base should dispatch a standby team to meet the evacuated rescue team; 2) Other than the combat radius warning, when there is a third-level risk of fatigue, a third-level risk of heart rate, a third-level risk of blood oxygen, a third-level risk of body temperature crisis, a third-level warning of combat distance risk, a third-level risk of air tightness, a third-level risk of hypoxia asphyxia, a third-level risk of explosion, a third-level risk of methane asphyxia, a third-level risk of carbon monoxide asphyxia, a third-level risk of high temperature, a third-level risk of low temperature, a third-level warning of wind network, a third-level warning of smoke environment, or a third-level warning of infrared imaging temperature, the rescue team should identify the cause of the warning, collect on-site video information, and organize the evacuation of the rescue team; 3) Other than combat radius warning, when there is fatigue secondary risk, heart rate secondary risk, blood oxygen secondary risk, body temperature crisis secondary risk, combat distance risk secondary warning, air tightness secondary risk, hypoxia secondary risk, explosion secondary risk, methane suffocation secondary risk, carbon monoxide suffocation secondary risk, high temperature secondary risk, low temperature secondary risk, wind net secondary warning, smoke environment secondary warning or infrared imaging temperature secondary warning, the rescue team should find out the warning cause and make evacuation preparation; 4) Other than combat radius warning, when there is fatigue primary risk, heart rate primary risk, blood oxygen primary risk, body temperature crisis primary risk, combat distance risk primary warning, air tightness primary risk, hypoxia primary risk, explosion primary risk, methane suffocation primary risk, carbon monoxide suffocation primary risk, high temperature primary risk, low temperature primary risk, wind net primary warning, smoke environment primary warning or infrared imaging temperature primary warning, the rescue team should find out the warning cause and dispose the disaster as quickly as possible; 5) Combat radius warning refers to the farthest distance of rescue team members ordered by the rescue commander, and the commander should not order rescue tasks exceeding three levels of combat radius warning.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The present application realizes real-time collection and sharing of multi-dimensional data in disaster areas by transmitting personnel positioning, health status, equipment status, environmental monitoring and audio and video information through fast ad hoc network.

[0020] The present application establishes risk determination rules of multi-dimensional parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, fatigue, breathing environment, equipment air tightness and combat radius, and forms a comprehensive grading warning system.

[0021] The present application introduces air tightness determination and combat radius calculation in respiratory protection equipment monitoring, avoiding rescue failure caused by equipment failure or insufficient gas source.

[0022] The present application integrates gas concentration, temperature and humidity, wind speed, video visibility, infrared imaging temperature and other parameters to realize comprehensive identification of multiple risks such as suffocation, explosion and combustion.

[0023] The present application sets grading decision rules such as rescue team evacuation, standby team reception and continuous disposal based on warning level, avoids excessive risk or delay in evacuation, and improves rescue efficiency and safety.

[0024] The present application draws personnel route map, parameter curve and dynamic picture, so that the command center can intuitively master the rescue process, support accurate command and rapid response.

[0025] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the application will be apparent from the following description, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 The flow chart of the method for risk fusion, emergency early warning and command decision of the closed space; Fig. 2 The collected information is displayed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in the specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied in different specific embodiments, and the details in the specification can be modified or changed in different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following examples only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and the diagrams in the following examples can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0028] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following examples only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and the diagrams in the following examples can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] In the following description, a large number of details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present application, however, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented without these specific details, and in other embodiments, the known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams rather than in the form of details, to avoid making the embodiments of the present application difficult to understand.

[0030] Embodiment 1: As shown in Figs. 1-2 The present application provides an emergency early warning and command decision method for a closed space, comprising S1: building a quick ad hoc network communication system to realize information transmission such as man-machine-environment-management between the disaster area and the command center; S2: collecting the position information of the environment personnel in the disaster area Wherein t represents time, x, y, z are relative three-dimensional position coordinates for recording the direction and distance of travel; a route map of rescue personnel and exploration information marks are drawn; S3: collect health information of disaster area personnel, including heart rate B (bpm), blood oxygen S (SpO2), body temperature T1, etc., and analyze the fatigue and health status of disaster area personnel; S4: collect respiratory protection equipment state information, including residual oxygen pressure P, analyze the state of respiratory protection equipment, air tightness and equipment combat radius; S5: collect disaster area respiratory environment information, including O2, CH4, CO, CO2, environmental temperature T2, humidity R, wind speed V, etc., to realize disaster area environmental suffocation and explosion early warning; S6: collect disaster area audio and video information, including communication information between personnel, infrared imaging T3 and video information, to realize disaster area environmental combustion risk early warning; S7: collect trapped personnel signal emission information, and analyze the distance between trapped personnel and search and rescue personnel; S8: convey emergency command decision information.

[0031] Example 2: The specific steps of the method are as follows: S1: Build a rapid communication network to realize information transmission between the disaster area and the command center; the communication network can use the existing communication network of the environment, or a self-organizing network can be quickly built to ensure smooth information transmission between the disaster area and the command center.

[0032] S2: Collect the position information of the personnel in the disaster area ; According to the positioning, inertial navigation and time information of the personnel entering the disaster area, a disaster area travel route map is drawn, and according to the image, personnel, protection equipment state, environment, audio and video information in the route map process, the disaster area travel route map is marked in time. The marking frequency is 5-300S / time, which can also be adjusted according to the needs, or the whole process can be marked after real-time collection. Time axis and distance axis are used as the reference to draw the changes of various parameters with the changes of time and distance, and the corresponding curves and dynamic pictures are drawn.

[0033] S3: Collect health information of disaster area personnel, including heart rate B (bpm), blood oxygen S (SpO2), body temperature T1, etc.; according to the heart rate, blood oxygen and body temperature of disaster area personnel monitored at different times, the health status of disaster area personnel is analyzed.

[0034] 1) Heart rate B risk: When 60≤B<100, the personnel have no heart rate risk; When 50≤B<60 or 100≤B<120, there is mild bradycardia or tachycardia, and the heart rate is at the first level of risk; When 40≤B<50 or 120≤B<165, there is obvious bradycardia or tachycardia, and the heart rate is at the second level of risk; When 35≤B<40 or When Y is the age of the person, severe bradycardia or tachycardia, heart rate level 3 risk; When B < 35 or Heart rate critical condition, heart rate level 4 risk; 2) Blood oxygen S risk: When S ≥ 98%, ideal blood oxygen level, no blood oxygen risk; When 95% ≤ S < 98%, mild hypoxemia, level 1 risk; When 90% ≤ S < 95%, significant hypoxemia, level 2 risk; When 85% ≤ S < 90%, severe hypoxemia, level 3 risk; When S < 85%, respiratory failure risk, level 4 risk 3) Body temperature T1 risk: When 36℃ ≤ T1 < 37.2℃, it belongs to normal body temperature, no risk; When 35.0℃ ≤ T1 < 36.0℃, it belongs to mild hypothermia, or when 37.2℃ ≤ T1 < 37.5℃, it belongs to mild hyperthermia, level 1 risk; When 32.0℃ ≤ T1 < 35.0℃, it belongs to significant hypothermia, or when 37.5℃ ≤ T1 < 38.0℃, it belongs to significant hyperthermia, level 2 risk; When 28.0℃ ≤ T1 < 32.0℃, it belongs to severe hypothermia, or when 38.0℃ ≤ T1 < 39.0℃, it belongs to severe hyperthermia, level 3 risk; When T1 < 28.0℃ or T1 ≥ 39.0℃, it belongs to body temperature crisis, level 4 risk.

[0035] 4) Analysis of fatigue rules for disaster area personnel as follows: When 35 ≤ B < 60 or work time t < 1.5h, the personnel have no fatigue risk; When 60 ≤ B < 100 and duration exceeds 40min, or And duration exceeds 20min, or 1.5h ≤ work time t < 2h, fatigue level 1 risk; When 100 ≤ B < 120 and duration exceeds 60min, or And duration exceeds 30min, or 2h ≤ work time t < 2.5h, fatigue level 2 risk; When 120 ≤ B < 165 and duration exceeds 90min, or And duration exceeds 40min, or 2.5h ≤ work time t < 3h, fatigue level 3 risk; When B ≥ 165 and duration exceeds 120min, or And the duration is more than 60 min, or the operation time t≥3h, the fatigue level 4 risk.

[0036] S4: Collect the state information of the respiratory protection equipment, including the remaining oxygen pressure P, the air tightness state, etc. The maximum protection time before returning to the safe place is the time difference between the current remaining pressure and the time corresponding to P=5MPa, and the safe return radius is calculated as:

[0037] The safe operation radius is:

[0038] wherein is the safety factor, generally selected as 0.9-1.0; is the average speed of the personnel; is the distance of the personnel from the safe place; is the expected non-travel operation time; is the oxygen pressure drop per unit time, generally between 0.06-0.1; is the safe return radius of the personnel; is the safe operation radius of the personnel.

[0039] 1) Operation distance risk warning: When , the operation distance is risk-free; When the safe return radius , the operation distance is first-level risk warning; When the safe return radius , the operation distance is second-level risk warning; When the safe return radius , the operation distance is third-level risk warning; When the safe return radius , the operation distance is fourth-level risk warning; 2) Operation radius warning: When the operation radius >1000m, the operation radius is risk-free; When the operation radius 1000m≤ <700m, the operation radius is first-level risk; When the operation radius 700m≤ <400m, the operation radius is second-level risk; When the operation radius 400m≤ <100m, the operation radius is third-level risk; When the operation radius ≤100m, the operation radius is fourth-level risk.

[0040] 3) When the air tightness risk warning is issued when the air tightness exceeds a predetermined value.

[0041] When the air tightness risk warning is issued when the air tightness exceeds a predetermined value. When the air tightness is less than 0.1 MPa, there is no air tightness risk; When 0.1 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.15 MPa and the duration exceeds 2 min, there is a primary air tightness risk; When 0.15 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.3 MPa and the duration exceeds 2 min, or 0.1 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.15 MPa and the duration exceeds 5 min, there is a secondary air tightness risk; When 0.3 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.4 MPa and the duration exceeds 2 min, or 0.15 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.3 MPa and the duration exceeds 5 min, there is a tertiary air tightness risk; When 0.4 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.5 MPa and the duration exceeds 2 min, or 0.15 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.3 MPa and the duration exceeds 10 min, or 0.3 MPa≤ When the air tightness is less than 0.4 MPa and the duration exceeds 5 min, there is a quaternary air tightness risk.

[0042] S5: Collecting information of the breathing environment in the disaster area, including O2, CH4, CO, CO2, environmental temperature T2, humidity R, wind speed V, and the like; 1) O2 concentration risk: When the O2 concentration is greater than or equal to 19.5%, there is no hypoxia risk; When 16%≤O2 concentration<19.5%, there is a primary risk of hypoxic asphyxia; When 10%≤O2 concentration<16%, there is a secondary risk of hypoxic asphyxia; When 6%≤O2 concentration<10%, there is a tertiary risk of hypoxic asphyxia; When the O2 concentration is less than 6%, there is a quaternary risk of hypoxic asphyxia; 2) CH4 concentration explosion risk: When 1%≤CH4 concentration<2%, there is no explosion risk when the gas is over limit; When 2%≤CH4 concentration<3%, there is a primary risk of explosion; When 3%≤CH4 concentration<4%, there is a secondary risk of explosion; When the CH4 concentration is greater than 15%, there is a tertiary risk of explosion; When 5%≤CH4 concentration≤15%, there is a quaternary risk of explosion; ​3) CH4 concentration asphyxia risk: No methane asphyxia risk when CH4 concentration < 5% Methane asphyxia risk level 1 when 5% < CH4 concentration < 15% Methane asphyxia risk level 2 when 15% < CH4 concentration < 25% Methane asphyxia risk level 3 when 25% < CH4 concentration < 35% Methane asphyxia risk level 4 when CH4 concentration > 35% 4) CO concentration explosion risk: No carbon monoxide over limit, no explosion risk when CO concentration < 5% Explosion risk level 1 when 5% < CO concentration < 10% Explosion risk level 2 when 10% < CO concentration < 12.5% Explosion risk level 3 when CO concentration > 74% Explosion risk level 4 when 12.5% < CO concentration < 74% 5) CO concentration asphyxia risk: No carbon monoxide asphyxia risk when CO concentration < 0.0035% Carbon monoxide asphyxia risk level 1 when 0.0035% < CO concentration < 0.01% Carbon monoxide asphyxia risk level 2 when 0.01% < CO concentration < 0.02% Carbon monoxide asphyxia risk level 3 when 0.02% < CO concentration < 0.08% Carbon monoxide asphyxia risk level 4 when CO concentration > 0.08% 6) Ambient temperature T2 risk: No ambient temperature risk when 10°C < ambient temperature T2 < 27°C High temperature risk level 1 when 27°C < ambient temperature T2 < 35°C High temperature risk level 2 when 35°C < ambient temperature T2 < 37°C High temperature risk level 3 when 37°C < ambient temperature T2 < 40°C High temperature risk level 4 when ambient temperature T2 > 40°C Low temperature risk level 1 when 0°C < ambient temperature T2 < 10°C Low temperature risk level 2 when -5°C < ambient temperature T2 < 5°C Low temperature risk level 3 when -15°C < ambient temperature T2 < -5°C Low temperature risk level 4 when ambient temperature T2 < -15°C 7) Wind speed V risk When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time <10%, the wind net is normal; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time 10% <20%, the wind net is in first-level early warning; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time 20% <30%, the wind net is in second-level early warning; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time 30% <40%, the wind net is in third-level early warning; When the absolute value of wind speed changes in unit time ≥40%, the wind net is in fourth-level early warning.

[0043] S6: Collect audio and video information in the disaster area, including the communication information between personnel, infrared imaging T3 and video information; 1) Video visibility risk When the video visibility is ≥30 m, the smoke environment is normal; When 10 m≤video visibility<30 m, the smoke environment is in first-level early warning; When 3 m≤video visibility<10 m, the smoke environment is in second-level early warning; When 1 m≤video visibility<3 m, the smoke environment is in third-level early warning; When the video visibility is <1 m, the smoke environment is in fourth-level early warning; 2) Infrared imaging temperature maxT3 risk When maxT3<40℃, the infrared imaging temperature is normal; When 40℃≤maxT3<60℃, the infrared imaging temperature is in first-level early warning; When 60℃≤maxT3<100℃, the infrared imaging temperature is in second-level early warning; When 100℃≤maxT3<200℃, the infrared imaging temperature is in third-level early warning; When maxT3≥200℃, the infrared imaging temperature is in fourth-level early warning; S7: Collect signal transmission information of trapped personnel and analyze the distance between trapped personnel and search and rescue personnel; S8: Convey emergency command decision information.

[0044] 1) In addition to combat radius early warning, when there is a fourth-level risk of fatigue, a fourth-level risk of heart rate, a fourth-level risk of blood oxygen, a fourth-level risk of body temperature crisis, a fourth-level early warning of combat distance risk, a fourth-level risk of air tightness, a fourth-level risk of hypoxia asphyxia, a fourth-level risk of explosion, a fourth-level risk of methane asphyxia, a fourth-level risk of carbon monoxide asphyxia, a fourth-level risk of high temperature, a fourth-level risk of low temperature, a fourth-level early warning of wind net, a fourth-level early warning of smoke environment or a fourth-level early warning of infrared imaging temperature, the rescue team should immediately evacuate, and the rescue base should dispatch standby teams to meet the evacuated rescue teams; 2) Other than combat radius warning, when there are fatigue three-level risk, heart rate three-level risk, blood oxygen three-level risk, body temperature crisis three-level risk, combat distance risk three-level warning, air tightness three-level risk, hypoxia asphyxia three-level risk, explosion three-level risk, methane asphyxia three-level risk, carbon monoxide asphyxia three-level risk, high temperature three-level risk, low temperature three-level risk, wind net three-level warning, smoke environment three-level warning or infrared imaging temperature three-level warning, the rescue team should find out the cause of the warning, collect video information on the scene, and organize the rescue team to evacuate; 3) Other than combat radius warning, when there are fatigue two-level risk, heart rate two-level risk, blood oxygen two-level risk, body temperature crisis two-level risk, combat distance risk two-level warning, air tightness two-level risk, hypoxia asphyxia two-level risk, explosion two-level risk, methane asphyxia two-level risk, carbon monoxide asphyxia two-level risk, high temperature two-level risk, low temperature two-level risk, wind net two-level warning, smoke environment two-level warning or infrared imaging temperature two-level warning, the rescue team should find out the cause of the warning and make evacuation preparations; 4) Other than combat radius warning, when there are fatigue one-level risk, heart rate one-level risk, blood oxygen one-level risk, body temperature crisis one-level risk, combat distance risk one-level warning, air tightness one-level risk, hypoxia asphyxia one-level risk, explosion one-level risk, methane asphyxia one-level risk, carbon monoxide asphyxia one-level risk, high temperature one-level risk, low temperature one-level risk, wind net one-level warning, smoke environment one-level warning or infrared imaging temperature one-level warning, the rescue team should find out the cause of the warning and deal with the disaster as quickly as possible; 5) Combat radius warning refers to the farthest distance that the rescue team member is ordered to travel by the rescue commander. The commander should not order the rescue team to carry out a rescue mission with a combat radius warning exceeding three levels.

[0045] Embodiment 3: An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor; The memory is used to store a computer program; The processor is used to implement the method as described in embodiment 1 when executing the computer program.

[0046] Embodiment 4: A computer readable storage medium, the storage medium stores a computer program, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method as described in embodiment 1 is implemented.

[0047] Embodiment 5: A computer program product, comprising a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the method as described in embodiment 1.

[0048] In the above embodiments, references to "the present embodiment" in the specification indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments, of the application. Multiple references to "the present embodiment" do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0049] In the above embodiments, although the application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, numerous alternatives, modifications, and variations will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing descriptions. For example, other storage structures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) can use the embodiments discussed. The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as come within the scope of the broadest possible interpretation of the appended claims.

[0050] The computer readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps of the methods described above can be completed by a hardware comprised in a computer program. The computer program described above can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program is executed when the program is executed, and the steps of the methods described above are included; and the storage medium described above includes: ROM, RAM, disk or optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0051] The electronic terminal provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a processor, a memory, a transceiver and a communication interface. The memory and the communication interface are connected with the processor and the transceiver and complete communication between each other. The memory is used for storing a computer program, and the communication interface is used for communication. The processor and the transceiver are used for running the computer program, so that the electronic terminal executes each step of the method as described above.

[0052] In the embodiments of the present application, the memory can include a random access memory (RAM), and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0053] The processor described above can be a general processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component.

[0054] The present application can be applied in numerous general or special computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, etc.

[0055] The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

[0056] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and all of them should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for emergency early warning and command decision-making in confined spaces, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Build a rapid self-organizing network communication system to realize information exchange between the disaster area and the command center; S2: Collect information on the location, movement time and walking distance of people in the enclosed space, and draw a map of the enclosed space and the movement route of people, as well as an exploration information marker map; S3: Collect fatigue and health information of people in disaster areas, including heart rate B, blood oxygen S, body temperature T1 and their duration, and analyze the fatigue and health status of people in disaster areas; S4: Collect respiratory protective equipment status information, including residual oxygen pressure P and its changing trend, and analyze the status, airtightness and operational radius of the respiratory protective equipment; S5: Collect respiratory environment information in disaster areas, including O2, CH4, CO, CO2, ambient temperature T2, humidity R, and wind speed V, to achieve early warning of suffocation and explosion in disaster areas; S6: Collect audio and video information from the disaster area, including communication information between people, infrared imaging T3, and video information, to achieve early warning of fire risk in the disaster area environment; S7: Collect signal transmission information from trapped personnel and analyze the distance between trapped personnel and rescue personnel; S8: Convey emergency command and decision-making information.

2. The emergency early warning and command decision-making method for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, location information of personnel in the disaster area is collected. Based on the location, inertial navigation and time information of personnel entering the disaster area, a route map of the disaster area is drawn. Based on the images, personnel, status of protective equipment, environment and audio-visual information during the route map process, the route map of the disaster area is marked at regular intervals. Using the time axis and distance axis as the reference, the changes of various parameters with the changes of time and distance are plotted, and corresponding curves and dynamic pictures are drawn.

3. The emergency early warning and command decision-making method for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fatigue patterns among disaster-stricken personnel are analyzed as follows: When 35≤B<60 or the working time t<1.5h, there is no risk of fatigue for personnel; When 60 ≤ B < 100 and the duration exceeds 40 minutes, or And if the duration exceeds 20 minutes, or if the work time t < 2 hours and 1.5 hours ≤ work time t < 2 hours, the fatigue level is classified as Level 1 risk. When 100 ≤ B < 120 and the duration exceeds 60 minutes, or And if the duration exceeds 30 minutes, or if 2h ≤ working time t < 2.5h, fatigue level 2 risk applies; When 120≤B<165 and the duration exceeds 90min, or And if the duration exceeds 40 minutes, or if the work time t < 3 hours and 2.5 hours ≤ work time t, then the fatigue risk is level three. When B≥165 and the duration exceeds 120min, or Furthermore, if the duration exceeds 60 minutes, or the work time t ≥ 3 hours, the fatigue risk is level four. The risk assessment rules for heart rate B are as follows: When 60≤B<100, there is no risk to the individual's heart rate. When 50≤B<60 or 100≤B<120, mild bradycardia or tachycardia is present, indicating a level one heart rate risk. When 40≤B<50 or 120≤B<165, there is significant bradycardia or tachycardia, indicating a grade II heart rate risk. When 35≤B<40 or At that time, Y represents the age of the person, and the risk of severe bradycardia or tachycardia is grade III heart rate. When B < 35 or At that time, the heart rate was critical, with a heart rate risk level of four. The risk assessment rules for blood oxygen saturation (S) are as follows: When S≥98%, the ideal blood oxygen level is achieved, and there is no risk if there is no blood oxygen. When 95%≤S<98%, mild hypoxemia is present, with a level 1 risk. When 90%≤S<95%, there is significant hypoxemia, classified as a level 2 risk. When 85%≤S<90%, it is considered severe hypoxemia, a level 3 risk condition. When S < 85%, the risk of respiratory failure is level four. The risk assessment rules for body temperature T1 are as follows: When 36℃≤T1<37.2℃, it is considered a normal body temperature and there is no risk. When 35.0℃≤T1<36.0℃, it is considered slightly low temperature; or when 37.2℃≤T1<37.5℃, it is considered slightly high temperature, which is classified as Level 1 risk. When 32.0℃≤T1<35.0℃, it is considered significantly low temperature; or when 37.5℃≤T1<38.0℃, it is considered significantly high temperature, classified as Level 2 risk. When 28.0℃≤T1<32.0℃, it is considered severe low temperature; when 38.0℃≤T1<39.0℃, it is considered severe high temperature, level three risk. When T1 < 28.0℃ or T1 ≥ 39.0℃, it is considered a temperature crisis, a level four risk.

4. The emergency early warning and command decision-making method for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the time difference between the current remaining pressure and the time corresponding to P=5MPa is the maximum protection time before returning to a safe location. The safe return radius is calculated as follows: The safe operational radius is: In the formula For safety factor; The average speed of people moving; The distance between people and a safe location; For the estimated non-travel operation time; The decrease in oxygen pressure per unit time; To ensure the safe return radius for personnel; To ensure the safety of personnel during operations; 1) Operational distance risk warning: when At that time, there was no risk in terms of combat distance; When safe return radius At that time, a Level 1 warning for operational distance risk was issued; When safe return radius At that time, a level-two warning for operational distance risk was issued; When safe return radius At that time, a level-three early warning for operational distance risk was issued; When safe return radius At that time, a Level 4 warning for operational distance risk was issued; 2) Combat radius early warning: When the combat radius When the range is greater than 1000m, there is no risk to the combat radius; When the combat radius is 1000m≤ <700m, combat radius level 1 risk; When the combat radius is 700m≤ <400m, operational radius level 2 risk; When the combat radius is 400m≤ <100m, combat radius level three risk; When the combat radius ≤100m, combat radius level four risk; 3) When When the value exceeds the preset value, an airtightness risk warning will be issued; when At pressure <0.1 MPa, there is no risk to airtightness; When 0.1MPa≤ If the pressure is less than 0.15 MPa and the duration exceeds 2 minutes, it indicates a level 1 risk of airtightness. When 0.15MPa≤ When <0.3MPa, the duration exceeds 2 minutes, or 0.1MPa ≤ If the pressure is less than 0.15 MPa and the duration exceeds 5 minutes, the airtightness is classified as Level 2 risk. When 0.3MPa≤ When <0.4MPa, the duration exceeds 2 minutes, or when 0.15MPa ≤ If the pressure is less than 0.3 MPa and the duration exceeds 5 minutes, the airtightness risk is level three. When 0.4MPa≤ When <0.5MPa, the duration exceeds 2 minutes, or when 0.15MPa ≤ When <0.3MPa, the duration exceeds 10 minutes, or 0.3MPa ≤ If the pressure is less than 0.4 MPa and the duration exceeds 5 minutes, the airtightness risk is level four.

5. The emergency early warning and command decision-making method for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 involves collecting respiratory environment information from the disaster area, specifically including: 1) O2 concentration risk: There is no risk of hypoxia when the O2 concentration is ≥19.5%; When the O2 concentration is between 16% and 19.5%, there is a level one risk of hypoxia and asphyxiation. When the O2 concentration is between 10% and 16%, there is a level 2 risk of hypoxia and asphyxia. When the O2 concentration is between 6% and 10%, there is a level 3 risk of hypoxia and asphyxiation. When the O2 concentration is <6%, there is a level 4 risk of hypoxia and asphyxia. 2) CH4 concentration explosion risk: When the CH4 concentration is between 1% and 2%, the gas exceeds the limit, but there is no risk of explosion. When the CH4 concentration is between 2% and 3%, the risk of explosion is classified as Level 1. When the CH4 concentration is between 3% and 4%, the risk of explosion is level two. When the CH4 concentration is greater than 15%, the risk of explosion is level three. When the CH4 concentration is 5% ≤ CH4 ≤ 15%, the risk of explosion is level four. 3) Risk of asphyxiation due to CH4 concentration: There is no risk of methane asphyxiation when the CH4 concentration is <5%; When the CH4 concentration is between 5% and 15%, there is a level 1 risk of methane asphyxiation. When the CH4 concentration is between 15% and 25%, there is a level 2 risk of methane asphyxiation. When the CH4 concentration is between 25% and 35%, the risk of methane asphyxiation is level three. When the CH4 concentration is >35%, there is a level 4 risk of methane asphyxiation. 4) CO concentration explosion risk: When the CO concentration is less than 5%, the carbon monoxide exceeds the limit, but there is no risk of explosion. When the CO concentration is between 5% and 10%, the risk of explosion is classified as Level 1. When the CO concentration is between 10% and 12.5%, the risk of explosion is level two. When the CO concentration is greater than 74%, there is a level 3 risk of explosion. When the CO concentration is between 12.5% ​​and 74%, the risk of explosion is level four. 5) Risk of asphyxiation from CO concentration: When the CO concentration is <0.0035%, there is no risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation. When 0.0035% ≤ CO concentration < 0.01%, the risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation is Level 1. When the CO concentration is between 0.01% and 0.02%, the risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation is classified as level two. When the CO concentration is between 0.02% and 0.08%, the risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation is level three. When the CO concentration is >0.08%, the risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation is level four. 6) Risk of ambient temperature T2: There is no environmental temperature risk when 10℃≤ambient temperatureT2≤27℃; When 27℃≤Ambient Temperature T2<35℃, the risk level is Level 1 for high temperature. When 35℃≤Ambient Temperature T2<37℃, the risk level is Level 2 for high temperature. When 37℃≤Ambient Temperature T2<40℃, the risk level is Level 3 for high temperature. When the ambient temperature T2 ≥ 40℃, the risk level is 4 for high temperature. When 0℃ ≤ ambient temperature T2 < 10℃, the risk level is Level 1 for low temperature. When -5℃ ≤ ambient temperature T2 < 5℃, the risk level is level 2 for low temperature. When -15℃ ≤ ambient temperature T2 < -5℃, the risk level is level three for low temperature. When the ambient temperature T2 ≤ -15℃, the risk level is level four for low temperature. 7) Wind speed V risk When the wind speed changes in absolute value per unit time When the wind rate is less than 10%, the wind network is normal. When the wind speed is ≤ 10% per unit time When the wind speed is less than 20%, a Level 1 wind warning is issued. When the wind speed is ≤ 20% per unit time When the wind speed is less than 30%, a level-two wind warning is issued. When the wind speed is ≤ 30% per unit time When the wind speed is less than 40%, a Level III wind warning will be issued. When the wind speed is within a unit of time When the wind density is ≥40%, a Level IV wind warning will be issued.

6. The emergency early warning and command decision-making method for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 involves collecting audio and video information from the disaster area, specifically including: 1) The video visibility risk assessment is as follows: When video visibility is ≥30m, the smoke environment is normal; When the video visibility is less than 30m and the distance is 10m or less, a Level 1 warning for smoke environments is issued. When 3m ≤ video visibility < 10m, a level-two warning for smoke environments is issued. When 1m ≤ video visibility < 3m, a Level 3 warning for smoke environment is issued. When video visibility is less than 1m, a Level IV warning for smoke environments is issued. 2) The risk assessment for infrared imaging temperature maxT3 is as follows: When maxT3 < 40℃, the infrared imaging temperature is normal; When 40℃≤maxT3<60℃, infrared imaging temperature level one warning is issued; When 60℃≤maxT3<100℃, infrared imaging temperature level II warning; When 100℃≤maxT3<200℃, infrared imaging temperature warning level 3 is activated; When maxT3≥200℃, infrared imaging temperature level four warning is issued.

7. The emergency early warning and command decision-making method for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S8, which involves conveying emergency command and decision-making information, includes: 1) In addition to the combat radius warning, when there is a Level 4 risk of fatigue, Level 4 risk of heart rate, Level 4 risk of blood oxygen, Level 4 risk of body temperature crisis, Level 4 risk of combat distance, Level 4 risk of air tightness, Level 4 risk of hypoxia and asphyxiation, Level 4 risk of explosion, Level 4 risk of methane asphyxiation, Level 4 risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation, Level 4 risk of high temperature, Level 4 risk of low temperature, Level 4 warning of wind network, Level 4 warning of smoke environment, or Level 4 warning of infrared imaging temperature, the rescue team should immediately evacuate, and the rescue base should dispatch a standby team to meet the evacuating rescue team. 2) In addition to the operational radius warning, when there are warnings of fatigue level 3 risk, heart rate level 3 risk, blood oxygen level 3 risk, body temperature crisis level 3 risk, operational distance risk level 3 warning, airtightness level 3 risk, hypoxia asphyxiation level 3 risk, explosion level 3 risk, methane asphyxiation level 3 risk, carbon monoxide asphyxiation level 3 risk, high temperature level 3 risk, low temperature level 3 risk, wind network level 3 warning, smoke environment level 3 warning, or infrared imaging temperature level 3 warning, the rescue team should investigate the cause of the warning, collect on-site video information, and organize the evacuation of the rescue team; 3) In addition to the operational radius warning, other warnings, when there is a level II risk of fatigue, level II risk of heart rate, level II risk of blood oxygen, level II risk of body temperature crisis, level II risk of operational distance, level II risk of air tightness, level II risk of hypoxia and asphyxiation, level II risk of explosion, level II risk of methane asphyxiation, level II risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation, level II risk of high temperature, level II risk of low temperature, level II warning of wind network, level II warning of smoke environment, or level II warning of infrared imaging temperature, the rescue team should find out the cause of the warning and prepare for evacuation. 4) In addition to the operational radius warning, other warnings, when there is a Level 1 risk of fatigue, a Level 1 risk of heart rate, a Level 1 risk of blood oxygen, a Level 1 risk of body temperature crisis, a Level 1 warning of operational distance risk, a Level 1 risk of airtightness, a Level 1 risk of hypoxia and asphyxiation, a Level 1 risk of explosion, a Level 1 risk of methane asphyxiation, a Level 1 risk of carbon monoxide asphyxiation, a Level 1 risk of high temperature, a Level 1 risk of low temperature, a Level 1 warning of wind network, a Level 1 warning of smoke environment, or a Level 1 warning of infrared imaging temperature, the rescue team should investigate the cause of the warning and deal with the disaster as quickly as possible. 5) Operational radius warning refers to the maximum distance that a rescue commander can order a rescue team to travel. Commanders must not order a rescue mission with an operational radius warning level exceeding three.

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