Analysis device, analysis system, display method, and program

Abstract

The control device creates a matrix (M) that is defined by the first axis and the second axis and that represents the identification results in a table form. A display device displays a matrix (M). The matrix (M) includes: one or more first items (L1) arranged corresponding to the first axis; a plurality of second items (L2) arranged corresponding to the second axis; and a cell (C) disposed corresponding to a predetermined first item (L1) and a predetermined second item (L2). Each of the one or more first items (L1) is the name of an identified biological sample. Each of the plurality of second items (L2) is a biological name arranged on the basis of the system classification. In the cell (C), the number of times the biological sample indicated in the corresponding first item (L1) is identified as the biological name indicated in the corresponding second item (L2) is indicated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an analysis device, an analysis system, a display method, and a program, and more particularly, to a technology for displaying an analysis result of microorganisms. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a method for taxonomically identifying a living organism (e.g., a microorganism), for example, there are known a method of analyzing a DNA sequence, a method of analyzing an expression pattern of a substance such as a protein (e.g., a mass spectrometry method), and the like. Further, a method for displaying an identification result obtained by these analysis methods has also been devised.

[0003] For example, Non-Patent Literature 1 discloses a matrix for comparing a mass spectrum of a microorganism sample with mass spectra in an existing database in order to create a database of mass spectra of microorganism samples and evaluate the database. In the matrix, a numerical value of the degree of coincidence of the mass spectrum of the microorganism sample with the mass spectra in the existing database is displayed, and a heat map display with a color corresponding to the numerical value is performed. Thereby, it is possible to confirm which microorganism the microorganism sample is most likely to be identified as.

[0004] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS NON-PATENT LITERATURE Non-Patent Literature 1: Murugaiyan et al., “MALDI Spectra Database for Rapid Discrimination and Subtyping of Mycobacterium kansasii”, Frontiers in Microbiology, Volume 9, April 3, 2018, https: / / doi.org / 10.3389 / fmicb.2018.00587 Non-Patent Literature 2: Lin et al., “Short-term effects of temperature on the abundance and diversity of magnetotactic cocci”, Microbiology Open, Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 53-63, March 2012, https: / / doi.org / 10.1002 / mbo3.7 Non-Patent Literature 3: Katsunori Onuki, New Identification Method of Bacteria Using Mass Spectrometry Analysis Technology, Modern Media, Volume 58, No. 4, 2012 Non-Patent Literature 4: “MALDI Microorganism Identification Test (Biotyper)”, [online], [retrieved on February 10, 2023 on the Internet <URL: https: / / www.tecsrg.co.jp / services / microbiological / quality-health / maldib / > SUMMARY PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION However, in the case of referring to the identification result displayed as a heat map like Non-Patent Literature 1, even if it is possible to understand which microorganism the microorganism sample is identified as, it is not easy to understand the reliability (appropriateness) of the identification.

[0005] The present disclosure was made to solve such a problem, and aims to enable a user to easily determine the appropriateness of the identification result of a biological sample.

[0006] SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMS The analysis device of the first aspect of the present disclosure displays an identification result of one or more biological samples. The analysis device includes a control device and a display device. The control device generates a matrix that represents the identification result in a table form, the matrix being defined by a first axis and a second axis. The display device displays the matrix. The matrix includes one or more first items arranged in correspondence with the first axis, a plurality of second items arranged in correspondence with the second axis, and a cell arranged in correspondence with a predetermined first item and a predetermined second item. Each of the one or more first items is a name of a biological sample that has been identified. Each of the plurality of second items is a biological name arranged based on a systematic classification. In the cell, the number of times that the biological sample indicated in the corresponding first item is identified as the biological name indicated in the corresponding second item is represented.

[0007] The analysis system of the second aspect of the present disclosure displays an identification result obtained by identifying one or more biological samples a plurality of times. The analysis system includes a storage, a processor, and a display. The storage stores the identification result. The processor generates a matrix that represents the identification result in a table form, the matrix being defined by a first axis and a second axis. The display displays the matrix. The processor calculates the number of times that a predetermined biological sample is identified as a predetermined biological name in the identification result. The processor also arranges names of the biological samples as one or more first items arranged in correspondence with the first axis, and determines an arrangement order of the identified biological names as a plurality of second items arranged in correspondence with the second axis based on a systematic classification. In a cell arranged in correspondence with a predetermined first item and a predetermined second item, the number of times that the biological sample indicated in the predetermined first item is identified as the biological name indicated in the predetermined second item is represented.

[0008] The third aspect of this disclosure relates to a display method for displaying the identification results of one or more biological samples, implemented by a computer, comprising: a step of acquiring identification results; and a step of displaying a matrix defined by a first axis and a second axis, representing the identification results in tabular form. The matrix includes: one or more first items arranged corresponding to the first axis, a plurality of second items arranged corresponding to the second axis, and cells configured corresponding to predetermined first items and predetermined second items. Each of the one or more first items is the name of the biological sample that has been identified. Each of the plurality of second items is a biological name arranged based on systematic classification. The display step includes a step of indicating in the cells the number of times the biological sample shown in the corresponding first item is identified as the biological name shown in the corresponding second item.

[0009] Invention Effects According to this disclosure, users can easily determine the appropriateness of the identification results of biological samples. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the parsing system involved in the implementation method.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a diagram used to illustrate the identification results involved in the implementation method.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a diagram used to illustrate the display of a composite project.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an outline of the display process for the identification results involved in the implementation method.

[0014] Figure 5 This is an example of the display of identification results involved in the implementation method.

[0015] Figure 6 This is an example of the display of identification results involved in the implementation method. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, in the following text, the same or equivalent parts of the drawings will be given the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will generally not be repeated.

[0017] [1. Structure of the analytical apparatus] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the parsing system 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1is a diagram showing a configuration of an analysis system 1000 to which the embodiment is applied. In one embodiment, the analysis system 1000 displays an identification result obtained by performing multiple identifications on one or more biological samples. The analysis system 1000 includes an analysis device 100 and an analysis device 16. In one embodiment, the analysis device 100 is a device for displaying an identification result of a biological sample analyzed by the analysis device 16. In one embodiment, the biological sample includes a microorganism.

[0019] Referring to Figure 1 The analysis device 100 includes a control device 101, an input device 14, and a display device 15. The analysis device 100 is typically a computer. The input device 14 and the display device 15 are connected to the control device 101. The input device 14 is typically constituted by a touch panel, a keyboard, a mouse, or the like. The input device 14 accepts an operation input of a user to the processor 10. The display device 15 is, for example, a display. The display device 15 displays, for example, an image related to an input from the input device 14, and displays a result of a process performed by the processor 10.

[0020] The control device 101 has a processor 10, a memory 11, a communication interface (I / F) 12, and an input / output I / F 13 as main constituent elements. These components are connected to be able to communicate with each other via a bus.

[0021] The processor 10 is typically a calculation processing section such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit). The processor 10 controls an operation of the analysis device 100 by reading out and executing a program stored in the memory 11. The program includes a program that causes a computer to display an identification result of a biological sample analyzed by the analysis device 16 by being executed by the computer.

[0022] The memory 11 is realized by, for example, a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and an HDD (Hard Disk Drive). The ROM is capable of storing a program executed by the processor 10. The RAM is capable of temporarily storing data utilized during execution of the program by the processor 10, and is capable of functioning as a temporary data memory used as a work area. The HDD is a nonvolatile storage device. In addition to or instead of the HDD, a semiconductor storage device such as a flash memory can be employed. Furthermore, the above-described program and / or data can also be stored in an external storage device accessible by the processor 10.

[0023] The communication I / F 12 is a communication interface for exchanging various data with an external device, realized by an adapter or a connector, or the like. Further, the communication method can be either a wireless communication method realized by a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) or the like, or a wired communication method using a USB (Universal Serial Bus) or the like.

[0024] The input / output I / F 13 is an interface for exchanging various data between the processor 10 and an external device connected to the input / output I / F 13. The external device includes the input device 14 and the display device 15. The input / output I / F 13 is capable of connecting the analysis device 16.

[0025] The analysis device 16 is a device for analyzing a biological sample. The analysis device 16 is, for example, a mass spectrometry device that performs mass spectrometry of components contained in a biological sample. In one embodiment, the analysis device 16 is a MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer). In the analysis device 16, ions generated by laser irradiation of a biological sample are introduced into a flight tube and made to fly, and detected after separation according to the time of flight. The time of flight is correlated with the mass-to-charge ratio m / z of components contained in a biological sample. As a result, a mass spectrum is obtained in which the m / z is taken as the horizontal axis and the intensity of the detected ions is taken as the vertical axis. The mass spectrum contains peaks corresponding to the mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) of components such as proteins in a biological sample. Therefore, by referring to the pattern of the mass spectrum, more specifically, the pattern of the peaks, it is possible to identify the proteins contained in a biological sample.

[0026] Since different kinds of organisms contain different proteins, the respective patterns of the mass spectra also become different. That is, generally, the pattern of the mass spectrum reflects the classification of the organism contained in a biological sample. In addition, in the present specification, the "classification" of an organism refers to at least one of, for example, a classification based on the hierarchical (rank) levels of a systematic taxon, such as a genotype, strain, or subspecies, species, genus, family, and the like, of an organism.

[0027] The analysis device 16 transmits the mass spectrum resulting from the mass spectrometric analysis to the analysis device 100. The processor 10 identifies the organism contained in the biological sample based on the mass spectrum. For example, the processor 10 identifies the organism using a mass spectrum database in which mass spectra made using theoretical values of m / z of proteins calculated based on genomic information are included. In one embodiment, the processor 10 determines the name of the organism corresponding to the mass spectrum most similar to the mass spectrum of the biological sample among the mass spectra in the mass spectrum database as the organism contained in the biological sample. In other words, the organism contained in the biological sample is identified as the name of the organism corresponding to the mass spectrum most similar to the mass spectrum of the biological sample. In addition, the processor 10 can also identify the microorganism using a mass spectrum database in which measured mass spectra are included. The processor 10 displays a matrix (table) including the identification result on the display device 15. The user can easily determine the appropriateness of the identification result by visually checking the matrix. As for the display of the above-described identification result and the determination of the appropriateness of the identification result, the details will be described later. Figure 2

[0028] In addition, in the present specification, the "identification result" includes a classification of an organism corresponding to a predetermined biological sample based on a result (e.g., a mass spectrum) of a predetermined analysis of the biological sample. In one embodiment, the "identification result" includes, for example, a name of the organism corresponding to the biological sample based on the result of the analysis. Furthermore, the "appropriateness of the identification result" refers to the degree to which the identification result is considered to be correct, and indicates the degree that is also generally referred to as the certainty of the identification result or the reliability of the identification result.

[0029] Furthermore, the analysis device 16 is not limited to a mass spectrometric analysis device as long as it is a device that classifies a biological sample based on a biological characteristic. The biological characteristic is, for example, at least one of a systematic classification, a fermentation property, a kind of pigment produced, and a serotype. Other examples of the analysis device 16 are, for example, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR).

[0030] Furthermore, the analysis device 100 does not necessarily consist of one computer, and can consist of a plurality of computers.

[0031] [2. Display method of existing identification result of organism] ​As a method of inferring the systematic position of a biological sample, there are known methods based on genomic information, methods based on protein expression patterns, other methods based on biological characteristics, and the like. Furthermore, the display method of the identification result obtained by these methods is improved. If the identification result displayed by these display methods is referred to, it is possible to obtain an insight into the identification of the biological sample (for example, which classification is the most likely to be identified for the biological sample) as explained below. However, it is not easy to determine the appropriateness of the identification result with reference to the displayed identification result.

[0032] A table showing the degree of coincidence of mass spectra obtained by mass spectrometric analysis of genotypically different M. kansasii with mass spectra in an existing database is illustrated in Non-Patent Literature 1. In each cell of the table, a value indicating the degree of coincidence of a predetermined M. kansasii sample spectrum with a predetermined mass spectrum in the existing database is displayed in the range of 0 to 1. Furthermore, a heat map display is performed in which each cell is given a color indicating the magnitude of the value.

[0033] In the case of a heat map display in which colors are given to all cells as in Non-Patent Literature 1, it is possible to confirm which microorganism the predetermined microorganism sample is most likely to be identified as. On the other hand, the heat map display in which colors are given to all cells is difficult to determine the appropriateness of the identification result for the reasons that (1) the amount of information is large, (2) as to which color should be paid attention to as an identification result, the user's discretion is large, and the like. Furthermore, by giving colors to all cells, the recognition of the color of a predetermined cell is affected by the colors of the surrounding cells. More specifically, even if cells indicating the same value and given the same color, in the case where the colors of the surrounding cells are different, it is easy to occur that the same color is not recognized. As described above, it is also difficult to see the appropriateness of the identification result due to the fact that color illusion easily occurs.

[0034] A table in which the existence amount (gene) of the lineage of Magnetococcus marinus classified by temperature is heat map displayed is shown in Non-Patent Literature 2. Specifically, on the vertical axis, classifications following a phylogenetic tree are arranged, and on the horizontal axis, microcosms in which Magnetococcus marinus exists are shown by temperature. In each cell, the proportion of the lineage of Magnetococcus marinus existing in each microcosm is shown by color. Therefore, if the figure of Non-Patent Literature 2 is referred to, it is possible to understand that the community structure exists classified by temperature, and it is possible to understand that Magnetococcus marinus belonging to which systematic classification group is more in which temperature band. However, as with the table of Non-Patent Literature 1, the result is that colors are given to all cells, and therefore it is difficult to see the appropriateness of the community structure identified.

[0035] In Non-Patent Literature 3, a table is disclosed in which the identification results of strains obtained using the MALDI Biotyper of Bruker are described, and the identification results are expressed using scores, symbols (ranks) based on the scores, and colors. The degree of similarity of the mass spectrum of a biological sample to which strain in the database is expressed using a score value. Also, as shown in Non-Patent Literature 3, the names of the candidate species are displayed in order from high to low in the score value. If the score value is 2.0 or higher, the reliability is high at the species level, and if it is 1.7 or higher and less than 2.0, it is judged to be consistent at the genus level.

[0036] However, in the Biotyper, there is a problem that the microbial samples themselves or the pretreatment methods thereof for mass spectrometric analysis for database construction are biased, and the accuracy of the database is insufficient, and thus the identification results are not necessarily obtained with complete accuracy. Furthermore, the score value is calculated based only on the similarity of the mass spectrum, and is not related to the classification system. As a result of the above, a plurality of strains with high possibility including the strain with the highest possibility are often obtained, but in the case where the same biological sample is analyzed a plurality of times, the strain obtained as the strain with the highest possibility sometimes differs at the genus level. Thus, the identification results obtained using the Biotyper also do not necessarily have high reliability. Even if the identification results are displayed in order of the score value as in the table of Non-Patent Literature 3, it is difficult to easily judge the appropriateness of the identification results.

[0037] In Non-Patent Literature 4, a figure showing an example of the identification results obtained by a commissioned analysis using the Biotyper of Techno Suruga Lab Co., Ltd. is disclosed. Specifically, as "cluster analysis", a dendrogram made of the samples of the commission is shown. As shown in Non-Patent Literature 4, a phylogenetic tree can also be made using the software attached to the Biotyper, but this is only the result of cluster analysis based on the mass spectrum. As described above, in the case of cluster analysis of the Biotyper, it is only the result of roughly grouping a plurality of samples, and it is possible that it is not related to each aspect of the systematic classification based on the existing classification system and the evolutionary system. For example, since there is no clear numerical standard such as "the same species in the case where the similarity is a predetermined ratio or more", it is not possible to judge from the dendrogram obtained by cluster analysis what kind of taxonomic position each sample represents, and at what taxonomic level it is the same or different.

[0038] As described above, even if the display of the conventional identification results is referred to, it is difficult to judge the appropriateness of the identification results.

[0039] [3. Display of identification results related to the embodiments] In view of the above, in the present embodiment, an analysis device 100 is provided which visually and easily displays the appropriateness of the identification results.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a diagram used to illustrate the identification results involved in this embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 2 In matrix M, the identification results obtained from multiple analyses of each of more than one biological sample are presented in tabular form. Matrix M is defined by a first axis A1 and a second axis A2. Matrix M contains: one or more first items L1 arranged corresponding to the first axis A1, multiple second items L2 arranged corresponding to the second axis A2, and cells C configured corresponding to the predetermined first items L1 and predetermined second items L2.

[0041] In addition, Figure 2 In this context, the area consisting of all cells C (in other words, the area consisting of the column corresponding to item L1 and the row corresponding to item L2) is also called the result area R. The identification results are displayed in the result area R, as described later.

[0042] Each item in Item L1 is the name of one or more biological samples that have been identified. Figure 2 In the example, "Biological Sample 1" to "Biological Sample 3" are shown as item L1. Furthermore, the labeling method for item L1 can also be as described in Examples 1 and 2 below. Figure 3 , Figure 4 In that case, it is shown horizontally or diagonally on the columns of matrix M.

[0043] Each entry in Item L2 is a biological name arranged based on a systematic classification inferred from molecular systems such as gene sequences. "Based on systematic classification" refers to "benchmarks related to systematic classification," such as the genomic base sequence, the base sequences of one or more specific genes, and the base sequences and amino acid sequences corresponding to one or more specific proteins. Each biological name is arranged along A2, based on these "benchmarks related to systematic classification," with higher similarity placed closer together and lower similarity placed further apart. Figure 2 In the example, as item 2 L2, “Bioname 1” to “Bioname 5” are shown.

[0044] Cell C indicates the number of times the biological sample shown in item L1 was identified as the biological name shown in item L2. In one embodiment, cell C displays at least one of the following: a numerical value representing the number of identifications, a symbol corresponding to the number of identifications, and a color corresponding to the number of identifications. By representing the number of identifications in such examples, the number of identifications can be understood intuitively and / or accurately. Figure 2In the example shown in FIG. 6, in the cells C1 in which the number of times of identification is 1 or more, a value indicating the number of times of identification is displayed, and a hatching corresponding to the value is added. On the other hand, the cell Cn in which the number of times of identification is 0 is displayed as a blank cell. Thus, for example, with respect to the biological sample 1, it can be easily recognized that the number of times of identification as the biological name 1 is 2, the number of times of identification as the biological name 2 is 2, and the number of times of identification as the other biological name is 0. Note that the method of indicating the number of times of identification in the cell C is not limited to the example described above, but can be any expression that reflects the number of times of identification and is easily understood when the matrix M is seen.

[0045] As described above, in the matrix M, in the column corresponding to a predetermined kind of biological sample, in the cell of the row corresponding to the biological name of the biological sample identified, the number of times of identification is indicated. The display of the identification result of the matrix M is very simple, and it is easy to recognize which biological sample is identified as which biological name. For example, compared to the display of the identification result in which all the cells are colored as shown in the table of Non-Patent Literature 1, the visibility of the display of the identification result in the result area R is very high.

[0046] Further, in the matrix M, since each of the second items L2 is arranged based on the systematic classification, with respect to a predetermined first item L1, in a case where the identification result thereof is shown in a predetermined range of the second axis A2, it can be considered that the appropriateness is high. In other words, with respect to a predetermined first item L1, in a case where the identification result is concentrated in the vicinity along the matrix M, it can be considered that the identification result has a certain degree of reliability. On the other hand, with respect to a predetermined first item L1, in a case where the identification result is discretely distributed along the matrix M, it can be considered that the possibility that the identification result is appropriate is relatively low.

[0047] As described above, by using the matrix M, it is possible to express the appropriateness of the identification result in a manner that is visually easily understood. Thus, the user can easily confirm the appropriateness of the identification result.

[0048] In particular, the more the biological samples and the biological names identified that are included in the identification result, the more the number of cells C, and thus the more the effect of the improvement of the visibility brought about by the display of the identification result of the present embodiment. For example, in the identification of biological samples using MALDI-TOF MS, there are many cases where it is desired to consider the identification results of 10 to several tens, or more, of biological samples together, and thus the display method of the identification result of the present embodiment is useful (see Non-Patent Literature 1 and the subsequent Examples 1 and 2 corresponding thereto). Figure 3 Figure 4 ).

[0049] The matrix M can further include a visual expression for judging the appropriateness of the identification result. For example, in a case where the identification result of the biological sample 1 is shown in the matrix M of FIG. 6, the appropriateness of the identification result can be judged by the number of times of identification of the biological name 1 and the biological name 2.​Figure 2 In this case, in order to improve the visibility of the identification result, the identification result of the predetermined biological sample is surrounded by the rough frame TF. Thereby, the dispersion of the identification result of the predetermined biological sample becomes more easily confirmed.

[0050] In one embodiment, the identification result based on the mass spectrum obtained in the MALDI-TOF MS is displayed in the matrix M. As a result, the user can easily understand the correlation between the identification result obtained by the MALDI-TOF MS and the systematic classification. In particular, the appropriateness of the identification result obtained by the MALDI-TOF MS can be easily understood.

[0051] In one embodiment, the biological sample is a biological species whose classification is unknown. The "biological species whose classification is unknown" means a biological species whose classification is unknown at least to the user. In this case, the 1st item LI is, for example, a string for identifying the sample of the biological sample, such as a sample number. By referring to the matrix M, the appropriateness of the identification result of the biological species whose classification is unknown can be determined.

[0052] In one embodiment, the biological sample contains a biological species whose classification is known. In this case, the 1st item LI is, for example, the name of the biological species contained in the biological sample. In addition, the 1st item LI can also be arranged based on the biological characteristics of the biological species whose classification is known. In this case, in addition to the appropriateness of the identification result of each biological sample, the relationship between the biological characteristics and the systematic classification can be confirmed. For example, it can be confirmed how the predetermined biological characteristics are associated with the systematic classification, and how the identification result is dispersed.

[0053] Here, the biological characteristics are, for example, at least one of the predetermined "criterion related to the systematic classification", the fermentation characteristics, the kind of pigment produced, and the serotype. Thereby, it can be confirmed how the biological characteristics are associated with the predetermined "criterion related to the systematic classification" shown by the 2nd item L2, and how the identification result is dispersed. In particular, in the case where the 1st item LI is arranged with the same "criterion related to the systematic classification" as the 2nd item L2, as Figure 2 In this case, the number of times of identification of one time or more is indicated in the region close to the diagonal line from the upper left corner to the lower right corner of the connection matrix M, the identification result of the biological sample as a whole shown in the 1st item LI is considered to be highly appropriate.

[0054] In one embodiment, each of the second items L2 is arranged based on similarity to at least one of the above-described "benchmarks related to systematic classification" (genomic base sequence, base sequence of one or more specific genes, and base sequence corresponding to one or more specific proteins, amino acid sequence of one or more specific proteins). In one embodiment, the user can determine which "benchmarks related to systematic classification" to arrange the second items L2 according to the breadth of classification of the biological sample. In one embodiment, in a case where the classification corresponding to the biological name shown in the second item L2 is broad (e.g., in a case where it is different at the domain level), the user arranges the second items L2 based on the amino acid sequence that evolves slowly. Also, in a case where the classification corresponding to the biological name shown in the second item L2 is narrow (e.g., in a case where it is the same at the species level), the user arranges the second items L2 based on the base sequence that evolves quickly. If so configured, it is possible to arrange the second items L2 in an order corresponding to systematic classification as appropriate.

[0055] In one embodiment, each of the second items L2 includes at least one of genus, species, and subspecies. If so configured, it is possible to confirm the identification result and its appropriateness at the level of at least one of genus, species, and subspecies. More specifically, the second item L2 can also include the scientific name of the organism. The scientific name can also be a scientific name expressed by a common name of the genus of the organism and a specific epithet of the species, or a name of the genus and a specific epithet of the species.

[0056] Further, the second items L2 do not necessarily need to be arranged in complete accordance with systematic classification. For example, in a case where it is intended to determine the identification result and its appropriateness at the genus level, the second items L2 each representing a different species included in the same genus do not necessarily need to be arranged in accordance with systematic classification. Also, for example, in a case where the user considers that "the identification result is appropriate in a case where the identification result is included in a specific level (e.g., genus)", likewise, it is also possible to be configured such that the second items L2 are not arranged in accordance with systematic classification at a level lower than the specific level (e.g., at the species level).

[0057] In one embodiment, the matrix M further includes a system tree D representing systematic classification of the plurality of second items L2. The system tree D represents the evolutionary distance between organisms. Therefore, the user can visually easily understand the genetic similarity between organisms by visually checking the system tree D. The system tree D includes vertical branches Bv connecting biological names (or sets thereof) to each other, horizontal branches Bh whose lengths represent evolutionary distances, and nodes N between the branches Bv and the branches Bh. In the present specification, the branches Bh and the branches Bv are collectively referred to as branches B. By referring to such a system tree D, the user can more easily understand the identification result and its appropriateness.

[0058] In one embodiment, the input device 14 accepts an input of an instruction to display a predetermined adjacent second item L2 in the second items L2 arranged in correspondence with the second axis as one composite item L21 including both item contents of the predetermined adjacent second items L2. Further, the input device 14 also accepts an input of an instruction to display the composite item L21 separated into the above-described predetermined adjacent second items L2. If configured as such, the user can further easily understand the degree of dispersion of the identification results. For example, consider a case where the biological name 1 and the biological name 2 indicate the same genus (e.g., genus name 1) but different species. In this case, in a case where the biological name 1 and the biological name 2 are set as the composite item L21, the matrix M changes as in Figure 3 In Figure 3 , the identification result of the biological sample 1 is displayed only in the row corresponding to the composite item L21. Thus, it is known that the result of analyzing the biological sample 1 four times is that the biological sample 1 is determined to be the genus name 1 four times. Thus, it is known that the identification result of the biological sample 1 is identified as the same classification at least at the genus level. Also, the identification result of the biological sample 1 is considered to be valid at least at the genus level. In contrast, by separating the composite item L21 again and returning to the state of Figure 2 , it is known that the identification result of the biological sample 1 can be different at the species level. Thus, it is known that the identification result of the biological sample 1 is difficult to say to be valid at the species level. As described above, by compositing a plurality of adjacent items or separating the composite item L21, the user can more easily understand the identification result and the validity thereof.

[0059] Preferably, the instruction to display the above-described predetermined adjacent second items L2 as the composite item L21 and / or the instruction to display the above-described composite item L21 separated into the above-described predetermined adjacent second items L2 is performed by selecting a part of the system tree D by the input device 14. For example, in a case where the biological name 1 and the biological name 2 as the second items L2 are set as the genus name 1 as the composite item L21, the composite item L21 can be displayed by performing a single click on the node N connecting the biological name 1 and the biological name 2. For example, in a case where the composite item L21 is separated into the original two second items L2, the composite item L21 can be separated by performing a click on the branch Bh extending horizontally from the genus name 1. If configured as such, the user can intuitively composite a plurality of adjacent items or separate the composite item L21. Thus, the identification result and the validity thereof can be further easily understood. However, the generation of the composite item L21 and the separation thereof are not limited to the above-described example, and for example, the composite item L21 can be displayed by continuously performing a single click on both the biological name 1 and the biological name 2 for a predetermined time, and can be separated by performing a double click on the composite item L21.

[0060] In one embodiment, in the cell C, the number of identifications is represented by different display methods between the case where the number of identifications is greater than a predetermined number and the case where the number of identifications is equal to or less than the predetermined number. The predetermined number is, for example, a number that does not affect the interpretation of the identification result and its appropriateness even if it is not displayed, and / or a number that makes the interpretation of the identification result and its appropriateness easier when it is not displayed. One example of the predetermined number is 0. Other examples of the predetermined number are numbers that are considered to be obviously errors and should be ignored when the matrix M is seen. For example, in the identification result of Figure 2 , in the case where the result of 100 analyses of the biological sample 1 is identified as the biological name 1 in 99 cases and the biological name 5 in 1 case, the identification result of the biological name 5 can be configured not to be displayed. If so configured, for example, the cell where the number of identifications is greater than the predetermined number can be displayed more prominently than the cell where the number of identifications is equal to or less than the predetermined number, or the cell where the number of identifications is equal to or less than the predetermined number can be displayed less prominently than the cell where the number of identifications is greater than the predetermined number. Thereby, it becomes easier to focus on the result of the cell where the number of identifications is equal to or greater than the predetermined number. By less prominently displaying the cell, for example, it means not displaying the numerical value representing the number of times, or not adding the color corresponding to the number of identifications. For example, in Figure 2 , the cell where the number of identifications is 0 is represented as a blank cell. Thereby, the visibility of the number of identifications of 1 or more is improved, and the identification result and its appropriateness can be more easily understood.

[0061] In addition, in the matrix M exemplified in Figure 2 , the first axis Al is a horizontal axis, and the second axis A2 is a vertical axis. If so configured, it is easy to arrange the system tree D extending horizontally next to the second axis. In addition, in the present specification, the system tree D extending horizontally means a system tree in which the branch Bh representing the evolutionary distance extends horizontally.

[0062] In addition, the first axis Al can be set as a vertical axis, and the second axis A2 can be set as a horizontal axis, but in this case the system tree D extends vertically. However, according to those skilled in the art, the system tree is often represented as extending horizontally, as in the example of Figure 2 , and when it is represented as extending horizontally, the scientific name and the pattern of the branch are easily recognized.

[0063] Furthermore, the first axis Al and the second axis A2 do not necessarily need to be displayed in the matrix M. In this case, the display of the matrix M becomes simple, and both the distance between the result area R and the first item Ll and the distance between the result area R and the second item L2 become close, and thus it has the advantage that the identification result and its appropriateness are more easily read.

[0064] In addition, the display form of the matrix M is not limited to the above-described example, and can be changed within a range in which the effects of the present embodiment are exerted. For example, instead of displaying the cells C, a straight line passing through each first item and each second item can be displayed, and the number of times of identification can be indicated at the intersection thereof.

[0065] [4. Display processing of identification result] Figure 4 is a flowchart showing an outline of the display processing of the identification result according to the present embodiment.

[0066] In steps (hereinafter, referred to as "S") 1 to S3, the processor 10 acquires the identification results of one or more biological samples, and stores them in the memory 11.

[0067] In S1, the processor 10 acquires a plurality of analysis results (for example, mass spectra) obtained by performing a plurality of analyses on one or more biological samples in the analysis device 16 (for example, a MALDI-TOF MS), respectively.

[0068] In S2, the processor 10 identifies the biological names corresponding to the analysis results by comparing the analysis results with a database containing a plurality of results of analyses on biological samples of known classification in the analysis device 16. For example, the processor 10 selects the most similar mass spectrum from a mass spectrum database containing a plurality of mass spectra of biological samples of known classification with respect to each mass spectrum corresponding to a predetermined kind of biological sample, and identifies the biological name corresponding to the selected mass spectrum. In one embodiment, the processor 10 selects the mass spectrum having the largest score indicating the degree of similarity from the mass spectrum database. If configured as such, the biological name corresponding to the mass spectrum in the mass spectrum database most similar to the mass spectrum of the biological sample desired to be identified can be obtained as the identification result. However, as needed, the processor 10 can acquire all the biological names corresponding to the mass spectra within a predetermined rank in the score indicating the degree of similarity from the mass spectrum database as the identification result. As described above, according to the processing of S1 to S2, the biological names corresponding to the analysis results can be identified easily.

[0069] In S3, the processor 10 calculates the number of times a predetermined biological sample is identified as a predetermined biological name. In other words, the processor 10 counts the identification results of a plurality of mass spectra corresponding to the biological sample of the predetermined kind. For example, with respect to the biological sample 2 of Figure 2 For example, the processor 10 counts the number of times each biological name is identified, for example, the number of times the biological name 3 is identified is twice, and the number of times the biological name 4 is identified is twice.

[0070] Further, in the above example, the processor 10 creates the identification result based on the analysis result acquired from the analysis device 16, but the processor 10 can acquire the identification result created in the external device by receiving it via the communication I / F 12.

[0071] In S4 to S7, the processor 10 creates a matrix M indicating the identification result defined by the first axis Al and the second axis A2, and displays it on the display device 15 (e.g., a display).

[0072] In S4, the processor 10 arranges the names of the biological samples as one or more first items Ll arranged in correspondence with the first axis Al.

[0073] In S5, the processor 10 decides the arrangement order of the names of the biological species identified above as a plurality of second items L2 arranged in correspondence with the second axis A2, based on the system classification. More specifically, the processor 10 calculates the similarity between the biological species. Then, based on the system classification, the biological species are arranged so that the biological species with high similarity are close to each other and the biological species with low similarity are far from each other. In one embodiment, the processor 10 arranges the biological species with high similarity in the genomic base sequence close to each other and the biological species with low similarity far from each other.

[0074] In one embodiment, in S5, the processor 10 creates a system tree D in which the similarity between the biological species is reflected in the length of the branch Bh, based on the similarity between the biological species.

[0075] In S6, the processor 10 arranges the names of the biological species in correspondence with the second axis A2 in the order decided in S5.

[0076] In S7, the processor 10 indicates in the cell C the number of times the biological sample shown in the corresponding first item Ll is identified as the biological species shown in the corresponding second item L2.

[0077] In one embodiment, the processor 10 displays the names of one or more biological samples identified as the first items Ll, and displays only the names of the biological species of various biological samples determined to identify the one or more biological samples as the second items L2 of the matrix M. In this configuration, the identification result and its appropriateness can be expressed in a simple form. However, in the second items L2, the names of the biological species of various biological samples determined to identify the one or more biological samples can be included as needed (e.g., for reference) in addition to the names of the biological species.

[0078] In addition, the analysis system 1000 can also include a plurality of processors, and the processes of the respective steps can be performed by different processors. For example, the identification of the biological samples in S1-S2, the counting of the number of identifications by biological name in S3, and the creation and display of the matrix M in S4-S7 can each be performed by a different processor.

[0079] According to the processing of Figure 4 , the matrix M indicating the number of times that the biological sample indicated in the corresponding first item L1 was identified as the biological name indicated in the corresponding second item L2 can be displayed in each cell. In other words, the matrix M in which the identification results and their appropriateness are expressed in a simple form can be displayed. Therefore, if the matrix M is referred to, the appropriateness of the identification results of the biological samples can be easily determined. As described above, according to the analysis device 100 of the present embodiment, the appropriateness of the identification results of the biological samples can be easily determined.

[0080] [5. Comparison of identification results obtained by two or more different types of analysis] As described above, in the analysis device 100, if the identification results based on one matrix M of the identification results obtained by one type of analysis (e.g., mass spectrometry) are displayed, a user who has visually observed the matrix M can easily determine the appropriateness of the identification results.

[0081] In one embodiment, the analysis device 100 displays two or more matrices M of identification results based on two or more types of analysis side by side on the display device 15. Thereby, two or more identification results based on two or more different types of analysis can be easily compared. For example, the identification results of MALDI-TOF MS and FT-IR, which are generally used in food microbiological examination and environmental microbiological analysis, are each displayed in the form of a matrix M. Thereby, the identification results of MALDI-TOF MS and their appropriateness and the identification results of FT-IR and their appropriateness can be easily compared. For example, it can be determined to what extent the correlation of the identification results and / or the appropriateness of a predetermined biological species in these two types of analysis methods reaches.

[0082] [6. Embodiments] Next, embodiments will be described in more detail to explain the display method of the present embodiment and its effects, but the display method of the present embodiment is not limited to the embodiments.

[0083] (6-1. Embodiment 1) Embodiment 1 is an embodiment in which the analysis device 100 is used to express the identification results of 11 types of biological samples included in the class Alphaproteobacteria in a matrix M.

[0084] (6-1-1. Preparation of biological samples and mass spectrometric analysis) First, sample strains included in the class of a-proteobacteria (strains obtained from a predetermined organization or the like, which are identified to the species) were cultured. Next, the bacterial bodies obtained by the culture were subjected to ethanol washing, and then dispersed in a 70% aqueous formic acid solution to perform cell lysis, and further, a cytosolic component was extracted by adding acetonitrile. One μL of the extract was dropped onto a sample plate and dried. One μL of a CHCA (α-Cyano-4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid) solution was dropped thereon and dried to prepare a sample / matrix mixed crystal, and measurement was performed by MALDI-MS to obtain a mass spectrum. In addition, four biological samples were prepared for each sample strain, and four mass spectra were obtained. The CHCA solution was a solution in which the concentration of CHCA was prepared to be 10 mg / mL by using a 50% acetonitrile aqueous solution including 1% trifluoroacetic acid.

[0085] (6-1-2. Acquisition of identification results using the analysis device) First, with respect to a predetermined sample strain, for each mass spectrum, a "mass spectrum database constructed based on a theoretical value of an observed mass obtained from genome information" was used to search for a detection peak thereof. In the mass spectrum database, information (for example, m / z) of peaks of ribosomal proteins and the like, which are known as main biomarker proteins for microorganism identification by MALDI-MS, was registered for each strain. Then, the m / z of the detection peak of the predetermined mass spectrum from the sample strain was compared with the m / z of the peaks of the mass spectra registered in the mass spectrum database, a mass spectrum having the highest coincidence rate with the m / z of the peaks of the ribosomal proteins and the like was searched for, and identified as the strain corresponding to the searched mass spectrum. Thus, the identification process of the strain corresponding to each mass spectrum was performed with respect to the predetermined sample strain, and the results thereof were aggregated for each sample strain.

[0086] (6-1-3. Display of matrix) First, a system tree including all strains corresponding to all mass spectra of all sample strains was prepared based on the above-described database. Specifically, with respect to the all strains, the amino acid sequences of 120 single copy marker genes registered in the above-described database were acquired. Then, based on the similarity of the amino acid sequences, a system tree D of the above-described all strains was prepared. The strain name as the 2nd item L2 was configured to be shown as a part of the system tree D of the above-described strains. Then, as the 1st item LI, the names of the sample strains were arranged in the same system classification as the 2nd item L2. Then, for a cell C1 in which the number of times of identification of the sample strain was one or more, a value indicating the number of times of identification was configured to be shown, and a color corresponding to the value was added. A cell Cn in which the number of times of identification of the sample strain was zero was configured to be a blank cell. With respect to the cells C1 and Cn in which the number of times of identification of the sample strain was one or more, the number of times of identification of the sample strain was configured to be shown in the same color as the color of the cell C1 and Cn. Figure 2The first axis Al and the second axis A2 are not displayed in order to improve the visibility of the matrix M. The matrix M configured as described above is displayed on the display device 15 Figure 5 .

[0087] (6-1-4. Display effect of the matrix) The sample strains analyzed in Example 1 include strains different at the genus level, and the systematic relationship cannot be understood only from the scientific name without knowledge of the system of the sample strains. However, in the matrix M, the distribution of the phylogenetic tree D based on the genomic information and the identification results of each sample strain are simply and easily shown. A user without knowledge of the system of the sample strains can also easily understand what kind of taxon the identification result belongs to. As described above, a display method in which the identification result of a biological sample, its appropriateness, and the permissible level can be easily understood can be provided.

[0088] For example, if the matrix M is viewed from above, the general tendency of the identification results of each sample strain and their appropriateness can be understood. In the matrix M of Figure 5 In the matrix M, it is easily seen that the number of identifications is concentrated in one biological name or adjacent two biological names with respect to each sample strain. From this, it can be considered that the identification result of each sample strain generally has high appropriateness. In addition, since the number of identifications is also indicated in a region closer to the diagonal line from the upper left to the lower right of the matrix M, it can be considered that the identification result of the sample strains as a whole has high appropriateness.

[0089] Next, by referring to each item of the matrix M, the identification result of each sample strain and its appropriateness can be accurately understood. For example, it is known that the identification result of the first item LI shown on the leftmost side, that is, the sample strain "Azorhizobium caulinodans NBRC14845", is that the number of times of being identified as the first second item L2 from the top, that is, the strain "Azorhizobium sp. AG788, GCF_004364705.1", is 2, the number of times of being identified as the second second item L2 from the top, that is, the strain "Azorhizobium caulinodans, ORS571, GCA_000010525.1", is 2, and the number of times of being identified as other biological names is 0. Therefore, it is known that the above-mentioned NBRC14845 strain is at least identified as Azorhizobium.

[0090] Similarly, it is known that the identification result of the first item LI shown on the fourth from the left, that is, the sample strain "Rhodobacter azotoformans NBRC16436", can be different at the species level, but is correct at the genus level.

[0091] (6-1-5. Display of the system tree and its effects) In the matrix M, each of the system taxa on the system tree D can be easily enlarged by a single click or the like, and can also be reduced. Specifically, in the matrix M, an enlarged taxon displays sister taxa after its taxonomic rank, and by further clicking each of the system taxa and enlarging, details of those sister taxa can be displayed, and eventually, a strain-level system tree can be displayed. Also, by reducing the enlarged taxon by clicking the branch B of the system tree again, a plurality of strain-level displays are displayed as one branch B representing a species, and a plurality of species can be displayed as one branch B representing a genus-level taxon. By this function, a display method by which it is possible to more easily understand in which taxonomic position on the system tree D a hit item exists is provided. In addition, in the present specification, a hit item refers to a predetermined identified strain or all identified strains.

[0092] Further, the color, line width, shape of the line, or the like of the branch B connected to the hit item can be displayed differently from the branch B not connected to the hit item. Thereby, it is possible to more easily understand in which taxonomic position on the system tree D the hit item is located.

[0093] As described above, by using the system tree D, the user can easily understand the identification result and its appropriateness.

[0094] (6-2. Example 2) Example 2 is an example in which the identification result of Cutibacterium acnes (Propionibacterium acnes) of which the classification of Type I, II, III has been clarified is displayed in the matrix M using the analysis device 100.

[0095] (6-2-1. Preparation of a biological sample and mass spectrometric analysis) First, the bacterial cells were dispersed in distilled water, and bead beating was performed using zirconium oxide beads at 4000 rpm for 3 minutes to obtain a bacterial cell broken solution. After centrifugal separation of the bacterial cell broken solution at 15000 g for 5 minutes, the ribosome fraction was concentrated (14000 g, 10 minutes) using a tubular ultrafiltration unit (Amicon Ultra series, Nominal Molecular Weight Limit (NMWL): 300 kDa). The matrix solution was a solution in which sinapinic acid was dissolved to a concentration of 10 mg / mL in a 50% aqueous acetonitrile solution containing 1% trifluoroacetic acid. After thoroughly mixing 9 μL of this matrix solution and 1 μL of the concentrated ribosome fraction in a microtube, 1 μL was dropped onto a sample plate and dried to prepare a sample / matrix mixed crystal, and measurement was performed by MALDI-MS.

[0096] (6-2-2. Acquisition of identification result using analysis device) The identification results in Example 2 were obtained in the same manner as those in Example 1.

[0097] (6-2-3. Display of the matrix) Display of matrix M in Example 2 ( Figure 6 The same procedure as for matrix M in Example 1 is followed. However, in Example 2, the phylogenetic tree D is constructed based on the amino acid sequences of the post-translational products (proteins) inferred from single-copy gene groups in the genomes of each microorganism. Figure 6 In the diagram, the thick box TF represents a region where both the sample strain and the phylogenetic tree D are of the same type (in other words, any one of Type I, II, or III).

[0098] (6-2-4. Display effect of matrix and display effect of system tree) The *Propionibacterium acnes* (hereinafter referred to as *C. acnes*) used in Example 2 is known to have three subtypes, even within the same species. (See reference...) Figure 6 Since all sample strains were correctly identified as *C. acnes*, it can be said that identification at the species level was 100% accurate. Furthermore, it is known that all sample strains of Type I and Type III were correctly identified to the subtype level (see bold TF). On the other hand, most sample strains of Type II were correctly identified as Type II, but some were identified as Type I, resulting in incorrect identification at the subtype level. However, observing the phylogenetic tree shows that Type I is more closely related to Type II than Type III. Although incorrect identification occurred at the subtype level, it is clear that the result was closer to the correct answer than being identified as Type III.

[0099] Additionally, C. acnes was known as Propionibacterium acnes until a few years ago. Figure 6 In matrix M, sometimes a sample strain is identified as *Propionibacterium* sp., which may appear to be an incorrect identification at the genus level. However, the phylogenetic tree shows that *Propionibacterium* sp. is highly related to *C. acnes*, indicating that it is not an incorrect identification. Thus, even if the scientific name changes, the systematic reliability confirms that the identification result is correct.

[0100] also, Figure 6The system tree D of the matrix M and the 2nd item L2 are states indicating items classified as the same species as the strain corresponding to C. acnes. However, the matrix M contains information of a system tree of a higher level than the species, and can indicate the information. For example, the matrix M contains information of a system tree of a phylum level, and can indicate a system tree D of a phylum level (not illustrated). When the matrix M is displayed in the system tree of the phylum level, the color of the display (for example, the 2nd item L2 or the branch B) corresponding to the phylum containing the bacterial species hit in the sample strain is changed. Thus, in the case where the sample strain of C. acnes is also erroneously determined as another phylum, the erroneous determination can be easily recognized. In this case, the appropriateness of the identification result can be easily understood to be low.

[0101] As in the above example, when the system tree D of the matrix M is operated and a more detailed taxon is gradually displayed, it can be easily understood that the smaller the dispersion of the identification result, the more reliable the result.

[0102] [7. Significance of combined display of the result of MALDI and system classification] As described above, the identification of a biological sample by MALDI is performed based on the similarity of the mass spectrum. In correspondence therewith, the identification result by MALDI is generally displayed based only on the similarity of the mass spectrum, as in the figures of Non-Patent Literatures 3 and 4. As a result, it is sometimes difficult to understand the correlation of the identification result by MALDI with the system classification, and to determine the degree of appropriateness thereof. On the other hand, not only in MALDI but also in general biological identification, it is important to understand the correlation of the identification result with the system classification, and to understand the degree of appropriateness of the identification result.

[0103] If the analysis device 100 of the present embodiment is used, the user can confirm the matrix M simply indicating the correlation of the analysis result of MALDI with the system classification by inputting the identification result into the analysis device 100. Thereby, the user can easily and intuitively understand the correlation of the identification result with the system classification, and the appropriateness of the identification result. Further, the user can more clearly understand the correlation of the identification result with the system classification, and the appropriateness of the identification result by referring to the system tree D of the system classification which can be intuitively understood.

[0104] As described above, the analysis device 100 of the present embodiment is considered to be particularly useful in that the degree of appropriateness of the result of analyzing a biological sample by MALDI can be easily determined.

[0105] [Mode] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described various exemplary embodiments are concrete examples of the following scheme.

[0106] (1) An analysis device of a scheme displays identification results of one or more biological samples. The analysis device includes a control device and a display device. The control device generates a matrix that is defined by a first axis and a second axis and that represents the identification results in a table form. The display device displays the matrix. The matrix includes one or more first items arranged in correspondence with the first axis, a plurality of second items arranged in correspondence with the second axis, and cells arranged in correspondence with predetermined first items and predetermined second items. Each of the one or more first items is a name of a biological sample that is identified. Each of the plurality of second items is a biological name arranged based on a systematic classification. In the cells, the number of times that the biological sample shown in the corresponding first item is identified as the biological name shown in the corresponding second item is indicated.

[0107] The matrix displayed in the analysis device according to the first item can visually and easily express which biological sample is identified as which biological name and the appropriateness of the identification results. Therefore, a user can easily determine the appropriateness of the identification results of the biological samples.

[0108] (2) In the analysis device according to the first item, the matrix further includes a system tree that represents the systematic classification of the plurality of second items.

[0109] The analysis device according to the second item can allow a user to more easily understand the identification results and the appropriateness thereof by referring to the system tree.

[0110] (3) In the analysis device according to the first item or the second item, each of the plurality of second items includes at least one of a genus, a species, and a subspecies.

[0111] The analysis device according to the third item can confirm the identification results and the appropriateness thereof at a level of at least one of a genus, a species, and a subspecies.

[0112] (4) In the analysis device according to any one of the first to third items, each of the plurality of second items is arranged based on similarity of at least one of a genomic base sequence, a base sequence of one or more specific genes, and a base sequence corresponding to one or more specific proteins, and an amino acid sequence of the one or more specific proteins.

[0113] The analysis device according to the fourth item can appropriately arrange the second items in an order corresponding to the systematic classification.

[0114] (Item 5) The parsing apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 4 further includes an input device for inputting instructions from a user. The input device receives: an input indicating that a predetermined adjacent second item in the second items arranged corresponding to the second axis is displayed as a composite item containing the contents of both predetermined adjacent second items; and an input indicating that the composite item is separated into predetermined adjacent second items for display.

[0115] According to the analytical apparatus described in item 5, by combining multiple adjacent items or separating combined items, the user can more easily understand the identification results and their appropriateness.

[0116] (Item 6) The parsing apparatus described in Item 2 further includes an input device for inputting user instructions. The input device receives: an instruction to display a predetermined adjacent second item among the second items arranged corresponding to the second axis as a composite item containing the contents of both items of the predetermined adjacent second item; and an input to display the composite item separately as predetermined adjacent second items. The instruction to display the predetermined adjacent second item as a composite item, and / or the instruction to display the composite item separately as predetermined adjacent second items, is performed by selecting a portion of the system tree by the input device.

[0117] According to the analytical apparatus described in item 6, users can intuitively combine multiple adjacent items or separate combined items. Therefore, it is easier to understand the identification results and their appropriateness.

[0118] (Item 7) In the analytical apparatus of any one of Items 1 to 6, one or more biological samples contain organisms of unknown classification.

[0119] According to the analytical apparatus described in item 7, the appropriateness of the identification results of organisms with unknown classification can be determined by referring to the matrix.

[0120] (Item 8) In the analytical apparatus of any one of Items 1 to 7, one or more biological samples contain organisms of known classification. Each of the more than one Item 1 is arranged based on the biological characteristics of the organisms of known classification.

[0121] According to the analytical apparatus described in item 8, in addition to confirming the appropriateness of the identification results of each biological sample, it is also possible to confirm the relationship between biological characteristics and systematic classification.

[0122] (Item 9) In the analytical apparatus described in Item 8, the biological characteristics are at least one of the following: systematic classification, fermentation characteristics, types of pigments produced, and serotype.

[0123] The analysis device according to the item 9 can confirm whether there is a correlation with the predetermined "criterion related to systematic classification" shown in the item 2, and what kind of correlation with the dispersion of the identification result, with respect to the biological characteristics. In particular, in a case where the item 1 is arranged with the same "criterion related to systematic classification" as the item 2, when the number of times of identification of one or more indicates a region closer to a diagonal line from the upper left to the lower right of the line of the matrix, it is considered that the appropriateness of the identification result of the biological sample as a whole shown in the item 1 is high.

[0124] (10) The analysis device according to any one of the items 1 to 9, wherein at least one of a numerical value indicating the number of times of identification, a mark corresponding to the number of times of identification, and a color corresponding to the number of times of identification is displayed in the cell.

[0125] The analysis device according to the item 10 can intuitively and / or accurately understand the number of times of identification by indicating the number of times of identification as such.

[0126] (11) The analysis device according to any one of the items 1 to 10, wherein in the cell, the number of times of identification is indicated in a different presentation method in a case where the number of times of identification is greater than a predetermined number of times, and in a case where the number of times of identification is the predetermined number of times or less.

[0127] The analysis device according to the item 11 can easily focus on the result of the cell of the predetermined number of times or more.

[0128] (12) The analysis device according to the item 11, wherein in the cell, in a case where the number of times of identification is the predetermined number of times or less, the cell is indicated as a blank cell.

[0129] The analysis device according to the item 12 improves the visibility of the number of times of identification of one or more, and can more easily understand the identification result and the appropriateness thereof.

[0130] (13) The analysis device according to any one of the items 1 to 12, wherein the one or more biological samples include microorganisms.

[0131] The analysis device according to the item 13 can allow a user to easily understand the identification result and the appropriateness of a microorganism whose classification is unknown, for example. In addition, for a microorganism whose classification is known, in addition to the appropriateness of the identification result of each microorganism, the relationship between the biological characteristics and the systematic classification can be confirmed.

[0132] (14) The analysis device according to any one of the items 1 to 13, wherein the identification result is an identification result based on a mass spectrum obtained in a MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer).

[0133] The analysis device according to item 14 can easily understand the correlation between the identification result obtained by the MALDI-TOF MS and the systematic classification. In particular, it can easily determine to what extent the result of analyzing the biological sample by the MALDI-MS is appropriate.

[0134] (15) In the analysis device according to any one of items 1 to 14, the analysis device displays two or more matrices based on the identification results of two or more analyses side by side on the display device.

[0135] The analysis device according to item 15 can determine to what extent the correlation of the identification result and / or appropriateness of a predetermined biological species among two or more analysis methods.

[0136] (16) An analysis system according to an aspect, displays identification results obtained by performing multiple identifications on one or more biological samples. The analysis system includes a memory, a processor, and a display. The memory stores the identification results. The processor generates a matrix that specifies a first axis and a second axis and represents the identification results in a table form. The display displays the matrix. The processor counts a number of times a predetermined biological sample is identified as a predetermined biological name in the identification results. The processor also arranges names of the one or more biological samples as one or more first items arranged in correspondence with the first axis, and determines an order in which biological names to be identified are arranged as a plurality of second items arranged in correspondence with the second axis based on a systematic classification. In a cell arranged in correspondence with a predetermined first item and a predetermined second item, a number of times the biological sample indicated in the predetermined first item is identified as the biological name indicated in the predetermined second item is indicated.

[0137] The analysis system according to item 16 can display the matrix M in which which biological sample is identified as which biological name and the appropriateness of the identification result are indicated in a manner that is visually easy to understand. Therefore, a user can easily determine the appropriateness of the identification result of the biological sample.

[0138] (17) In the analysis system according to item 16, the processor acquires analysis results obtained by analyzing one or more biological samples in an analysis device. The processor identifies biological names corresponding to the analysis results by comparing the analysis results with a database including a plurality of results obtained by analyzing biological species whose classifications are known in the analysis device.

[0139] The analysis system according to item 17 can easily identify the corresponding biological names based on the analysis results.

[0140] (18) A display method of a scheme, which is a display method of identification results of one or more biological samples implemented by a computer, includes: a step of acquiring the identification results; and a step of displaying a matrix that is defined by a first axis and a second axis and represents the identification results in a table form. The matrix includes one or more first items arranged in correspondence with the first axis, a plurality of second items arranged in correspondence with the second axis, and cells arranged in correspondence with a predetermined first item and a predetermined second item. Each of the one or more first items is a name of a biological sample that is subjected to identification. Each of the plurality of second items is a biological name arranged on the basis of a systematic classification. The step of displaying includes a step of representing, in the cell, a number of times that the biological sample shown in the corresponding first item is identified as the biological name shown in the corresponding second item.

[0141] According to the matrix displayed by the display method of (18), which biological sample is identified as which biological name and the appropriateness of the identification results can be expressed in a manner that is visually easy to understand. Therefore, a user can easily determine the appropriateness of the identification results of the biological samples.

[0142] (19) A program that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to implement the display method of (18).

[0143] The embodiments disclosed this time are to be considered as examples only and not limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is not to be determined only from the description but from the claims, and it is intended to include all modifications equivalent within the meaning and scope of the claims.

[0144] Explanation of Reference Signs 10 processor 11 memory 12 communication I / F 13 input / output I / F 14 input device 15 display device 16 analysis device 100 analysis device 101 control device A1 first axis A2 second axis B, Bh, Bv branch C, Ci, Cn cell D systematic tree L1 first item L2 second item L21 composite item M matrix N node R result area S coarse box T result table.

Claims

1. An analytical device for displaying the identification results of one or more biological samples. The analytical device includes: A control device that creates a matrix defined by the first and second axes and representing the identification results in tabular form; and Display device for displaying the matrix, The matrix comprises: one or more first items arranged corresponding to the first axis, multiple second items arranged corresponding to the second axis, and cells configured corresponding to predetermined first items and predetermined second items. Each of the more than one first item is the name of the biological sample that has been identified. Each of the plurality of items 2 is a biological name arranged based on systematic classification. The cell indicates the number of times the biological sample shown in the corresponding item 1 was identified as the biological name shown in the corresponding item 2.

2. The parsing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the matrix further comprises a system tree representing the system classification of the plurality of second items.

3. The analytical apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the plurality of second items comprises at least one of the genus, species, and subspecies.

4. The parsing apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the plurality of second items is arranged based on the similarity of at least one of the following: genomic base sequence, base sequence of one or more specific genes, base sequence corresponding to one or more specific proteins, and amino acid sequence of one or more specific proteins.

5. The parsing apparatus as described in claim 4, further comprising an input device for inputting user instructions. The input device receives: an input indicating that a predetermined adjacent second item in the second items arranged corresponding to the second axis will be displayed as a composite item containing the contents of both predetermined adjacent second items; and The input indicates that the composite item is separated into the predetermined adjacent second item for display.

6. The parsing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising an input device for inputting user instructions. The input device receives: an input indicating that a predetermined adjacent second item in the second items arranged corresponding to the second axis will be displayed as a composite item containing the contents of both predetermined adjacent second items; and The input indicates that the composite item is separated into the predetermined adjacent second item for display. Instructions to display the predetermined adjacent second item as a composite item, and / or instructions to separate the composite item into the predetermined adjacent second item for display, are performed by selecting a portion of the system tree through the input device.

7. The analytical apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more biological samples contain organisms of unknown classification.

8. The analytical apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more biological samples comprise organisms of known classification. Each of the more than one first item is arranged based on the biological characteristics of the organisms known from the classification.

9. The analytical apparatus of claim 8, wherein the biological characteristics are at least one of systematic classification, fermentation characteristics, types of pigments produced, and serotype.

10. The parsing apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the cell displays at least one of the following: a numerical value representing the number of times the identification has been performed, a symbol corresponding to the number of times the identification has been performed, and a color corresponding to the number of times the identification has been performed.

11. The parsing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the cell, the number of times the identification is greater than a predetermined number and the number of times the identification is less than the predetermined number are represented by different representation methods.

12. The parsing apparatus of claim 11, wherein in the cell, if the number of times it is identified is less than the predetermined number, the cell is represented as a blank cell.

13. The analytical apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more biological samples comprise microorganisms.

14. The analytical apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the identification result is based on the identification result of mass spectrometry obtained in MALDI-TOF MS, i.e., matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

15. The analysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the analysis apparatus displays two or more matrices, each based on two or more analyses, side by side on the display device.

16. An analytical system that displays identification results obtained from multiple identifications of one or more biological samples. The parsing system includes: A memory used to store the identification results; A processor is configured to generate a matrix defined by a first axis and a second axis, and to represent the identification results in tabular form. as well as A display for showing the matrix. The processor: Calculate the number of times the predetermined biological sample is identified as a predetermined biological name in the identification results; The names of the one or more biological samples are arranged as one or more first items corresponding to the first axis; Based on the system classification, the order in which the identified biological names are arranged as multiple second items corresponding to the second axis is determined; In the cells configured corresponding to the predetermined first item and the predetermined second item, the number of times the biological sample shown in the predetermined first item is identified as the biological name shown in the predetermined second item is indicated.

17. The parsing system of claim 16, wherein the processor: To obtain analytical results obtained by analyzing one or more biological samples in an analytical device; The biological name corresponding to the analysis result is identified by comparing the analysis result with a database containing results obtained from the analysis of multiple organisms known to be classified in the analysis device.

18. A display method, implemented by a computer, for displaying the identification results of one or more biological samples, comprising: The steps to obtain the identification results; as well as The steps involve displaying a matrix defined by the first and second axes, and presenting the identification results in tabular form. The matrix comprises: one or more first items arranged corresponding to the first axis, multiple second items arranged corresponding to the second axis, and cells configured corresponding to predetermined first items and predetermined second items. Each of the more than one first item is the name of the biological sample that has been identified. Each of the plurality of items 2 is a biological name arranged based on systematic classification. The displayed steps include the step of indicating in the cell the number of times the biological sample shown in the corresponding item 1 was identified as the biological name shown in the corresponding item 2.

19. A program that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to implement the display method of claim 18.

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