In-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) of sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resources in resource pool

Abstract

Techniques for wireless communication are disclosed. In an aspect, a wireless communication device may transmit a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of a first sidelink resource, where the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per slot per band by a plurality of wireless communication devices in an intra-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per slot per band by one wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may transmit a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resource.

Description

[0001] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to Greek Patent Application No. 20230100377, filed May 10, 2023. The disclosure of the prior application is considered part of the disclosure of this patent application and is hereby incorporated by reference into this patent application.

[0003] DISCLOSURE

[0004] I. FIELD OF DISCLOSURE

[0005] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication.

[0006] 2. DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

[0007] Wireless communication systems have developed through several generations, including first-generation analog wireless telephones, second-generation (2G) digital wireless telephones, third- generation (3G) high speed data wireless access, and fourth-generation (4G) high speed data wireless access (e.g., LTE or WiMax). There are many different types of wireless communication systems in use, including cellular and personal communications service (PCS) systems. Examples of known cellular systems include the cellular Analog Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), and so on.

[0008] A fifth generation (5G) wireless standard (referred to as New Radio (NR)) enables higher data transfer speeds, larger number of connected devices, and better coverage, among other improvements. According to the Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance, the 5G standard aims to provide

[0009] Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technologies are being implemented to support autonomous driving applications, such as wireless communications between vehicles, between vehicles and roadside infrastructure, between vehicles and pedestrians, and so on, especially with the increased data rates and reduced latency of 5G.

[0010] SUMMARY

[0011] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects related to the subject matter disclosed herein. Thus, the following summary should not be considered an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, nor should the following summary be deemed to identify key or essential

[0012] In an aspect, a method of operating a wireless communication device includes transmitting, to one or more peer wireless communication devices, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, where the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, where the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time slot-wise time division multiplexed (TDM) manner; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and transmitting a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources.

[0013] In an aspect, a method of operating a wireless communication device includes receiving, from a peer wireless communication device, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, where the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, where the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time slot-wise time division multiplexed (TDM) manner; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and identifying at least a portion of resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

[0014] In an aspect, a wireless communication device includes one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors, individually or in combination, being configured to: transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time-division multiplexing (TDM) manner within a time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources.

[0015] In an aspect, a wireless communication device includes one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors, individually or in combination, being configured to: receive, via the one or more transceivers, a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time-division multiplexing (TDM) manner within a time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and identify, based on the sidelink control channel transmission, at least a portion of resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved.

[0016] In an aspect, a wireless communication device includes one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors, individually or in combination, being configured to: transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time-division multiplexing (TDM) manner within a time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources.

[0017] In an aspect, a wireless communication device includes means for receiving, from a peer wireless communication device, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner within a time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and means for identifying, based on the sidelink control channel transmission, at least a portion of resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved.

[0018] In an aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a wireless communication device, cause the wireless communication device to: transmit, to one or more peer wireless communication devices, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner within a time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and transmit a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources.

[0019] In an aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a wireless communication device, cause the wireless communication device to: receive, from a peer wireless communication device, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner within a time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and identify, based on the sidelink control channel transmission, at least a portion of resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved.

[0020] Other objectives and advantages of aspects associated with the disclosed aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the accompanying drawings and detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of aspects of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate aspects, and together with the description serve to explain aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1 An example wireless communication system is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2A and 2B An example wireless network structure is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 3A 、 3B And 3C are simplified block diagrams of several example aspects of components that can be employed in a user equipment (UE), a base station, and a network entity, respectively, and configured to support communications as taught herein.

[0026] Figure 4A and 4B Various scenarios of interest for sidelink-only positioning or Uu and sidelink joint positioning are illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 5A and Figure 5B are diagrams of example sidelink slot structures with and without feedback resources in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a resource pool for positioning configured within a sidelink resource pool for communications in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 7 is a diagram of example sidelink resource reservations for transmission or retransmission of sidelink communications in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figures 8A-8B First and second examples of intra-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) of sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) resources in a resource pool are illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 9 A third example of intra-slot TDM of SL-PRS resources in a resource pool is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 10 A fourth example of intra-slot TDM of SL-PRS resources in a resource pool is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 11 An example method of operating a wireless communication device is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 12 An example method of operating a wireless communication device is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0035] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Aspects of the disclosure are provided in the following description and related drawings in which various examples provided for illustrative purposes are described. Alternative aspects can be devised without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, well-known elements will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of the disclosure.

[0037] Aspects generally relate to resource reservation of sidelink resource pools. Some aspects more specifically relate to transmitting in or reserving sidelink resources based on intra-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) of sidelink resources.

[0038] Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the described techniques can be used to avoid potential conflicts between a mix of supporting and non-supporting wireless communication devices used with a resource pool configured to support intra-slot TDM of sidelink resources by allowing non-supporting wireless communication devices (that are not configured to support intra-slot TDM of resources) to correctly identify reserved slots.

[0039] The words “exemplary” and / or “example” are used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” and / or “example” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Likewise, the term “aspects of the disclosure” does not require that all aspects of the disclosure include the discussed feature, advantage or mode of operation.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the information and signals described below can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that can be referenced throughout the description below can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof, depending in part on the particular applications, design choices, and / or

[0041] Further, many aspects are described in terms of sequences of actions to be performed by, for example, elements of a computing device. It will be recognized that various actions described hereininaid be performed by specific circuits (e.g., application specific integrated circuits (ASICs)), by program instructions being executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of both. Additionally, the sequence of actions described herein can be considered to be embodied entirely within any form of non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored therein a corresponding set of computer instructions that, upon execution, would cause or instruct an associated processor of a device to perform the functionality described herein. Thus, the various aspects of the disclosure can be embodied in a number of different forms, all of which have been contemplated to be within the scope of the claimed subject matter. In addition, for each of the aspects described herein, the corresponding form of any such aspects can be described herein as, for example, "logic configured to" perform the described action.

[0042] As used herein, the terms "user equipment" (UE), "vehicle UE" (V-UE), "pedestrian UE" (P-UE), and "base station" are not intended to be specific to or otherwise limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT), unless otherwise noted. In general, a UE can be any wireless communication device (e.g., a vehicle onboard computer, a vehicle navigation device, a mobile phone, a router, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an asset location device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, glasses, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headgear, etc.), a vehicle (e.g., an automobile, a motorcycle, a bicycle, etc.), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.) used by a user to communicate over a wireless communications network. A UE can be mobile or can (e.g., at certain times) be stationary and can communicate with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term "UE" can be referred to interchangeably as a "mobile device," "access terminal" or "AT," "client device," "wireless device," "subscriber device," "subscriber terminal," "subscriber station," "user terminal" or UT, "mobile terminal," "mobile station," or variations thereof.

[0043] A V-UE is a type of UE and can be any vehicular wireless communication device such as a navigation system, a warning system, a heads-up display (HUD), an on-board computer, a vehicle information system, an autonomous driving system (ADS), an advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS), etc. Alternatively, a V-UE can be a portable wireless communication device (e.g., a cellular telephone, a tablet computer, etc.) carried by a driver of a vehicle or a passenger in a vehicle. The term “V-UE” can refer to a wireless communication device in a vehicle or the vehicle itself, depending on the context. A P-UE is a type of UE and can be a portable wireless communication device carried by a pedestrian (i.e., a user not driving or riding in a vehicle). Generally, UEs can communicate with one another directly, e.g., through a peer-to-peer (P2P) or sidelink (SL) connection. UEs also can communicate indirectly with one another, e.g., through a base station or other network node, e.g., through a core network or the Internet. Of course, other mechanisms for connecting to the core network and / or the Internet are possible for UEs, such as through a wired access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) network (e.g., based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, etc.), and so on.

[0044] A base station can operate according to one of a number of RATs in communication with UEs depending on the network in which the base station is deployed, and can be alternatively referred to as an access point (AP), a network node, a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation eNB (ng-eNB), a New Radio (NR) Node B (also referred to as a gNB, or gNodeB), and so on. The base station can be used primarily to support wireless access by UEs using one or more radio technologies that can be based on, for example, an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) radio

[0045] The term “base station” can refer to a single physical transmission-reception point (TRP) or can refer to multiple physical TRPs that can or can not be co-located. For example, where the term “base station” refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP can be a base station antenna that corresponds to a cell (or to a number of cell sectors) of the base station. Where the term “base station” refers to multiple co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRPs can be an array of antennas (e.g., as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or where the base station employs beamforming) of the base station. Where the term “base station” refers to multiple non-co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRPs can be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio head (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station). Alternatively, the non-co-located physical TRPs can be the serving base station from which a UE receives measurements reports and a neighbor base station whose reference radio frequency (RF) signals the UE is measuring. As used herein, a TRP is a point from which a base station transmits and receives wireless signals, and thus a reference to a transmission from or a reception at a base station is to be understood to refer to a particular TRP of the base station.

[0046] In some implementations that support positioning of UEs, a base station can not support wireless access by a UE (e.g., can not support data, voice, and / or signaling connections with the UE), but can instead transmit reference RF signals to the UE to be measured by the UE, and / or can receive and measure signals transmitted by the UE. Such a base station can be referred to as a positioning tower (e.g., where reference RF signals are transmitted to the UE) and / or as a location measurement unit (e.g., where RF signals from the UE are received and measured).

[0047] An “RF signal” comprises electromagnetic waves of a given frequency that convey information through the space between a transmitting device and a receiving device. As used herein, a transmitting device can transmit a single “RF signal” or multiple “RF signals” to a receiving device. However, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels, the receiving device can receive multiple “RF signals” corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between the transmitting and receiving devices can be referred to as a “multipath” RF signal. As used herein, a RF signal can also be referred to as a “wireless signal” or simply a “signal,” where it is clear from the context that the term “signal” refers to a wireless signal or a RF signal.

[0048] Figure 1An example wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communications system 100, which can also be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WW AN), can include various base stations 102, which are labeled as “BSs,” and various UEs 104. The base stations 102 can include macro cell base stations (high power cellular base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low power cellular base stations). In an aspect, the macro cell base station 102 can include eNBs and / or ng-eNBs (where the wireless communications system 100 corresponds to an LTE network), or gNBs (where the wireless communications system 100 corresponds to an NR network), or a combination of both, and the small cell base stations can include femto cells, pico cells, micro cells, and the like.

[0049] The base stations 102 can collectively form a RAN and interface with a core network 170 (e.g., an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC)) through backhaul links 122, and through the core network 170 to one or more location servers 172 (e.g., a location management function (LMF) or a secure user plane location (SUPL) location platform (SLP)). The location server(s) 172 can be part of the core network 170 or can be external to the core network 170. The location server 172 can be integrated with the base stations 102. The UEs 104 can communicate directly with the location server 172, or indirectly, such as through an application server (not shown), through another network, such as through a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) (e.g., the AP 150 described below), and the like. The communication between the UE 104 and the location server 172 can be represented as an indirect connection (e.g., through the core network 170, etc.) or a direct connection (e.g., as shown via the direct connection 128), with intervening nodes (if any) omitted from the signaling diagrams for the sake of clarity.

[0050] In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 can perform functions related to one or more of transferring user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 can communicate with one another directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC / 5GC) over backhaul links 134, which can be wired or wireless.

[0051] The base stations 102 can wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 can provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. In an aspect, one or more of the cells can be supported by the base stations 102 in each of the geographic coverage areas 110. A “cell” is a logical communication entity used for communication to a base station (e.g., on a certain frequency at a certain time) and can be associated with an identifier (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCI), enhanced cell identifier (ECI), virtual cell identifier (VCI), cell global identifier (CGI), etc.) to distinguish from other cells operating (e.g., on the same or different carrier frequencies) within the same or different base stations. In some cases, different cells can be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or others) that can provide access for different types of UEs. Since cells are supported by particular base stations, the term “cell” can refer to a logical communication entity and / or the base station supporting such a logical communication entity depending on context. In some cases, the term “cell” can also refer to a geographic coverage area (e.g., a sector) of a base station in the sense that a carrier frequency can be detected and used for communication within a certain portion of the geographic coverage area 110.

[0052] While the geographic coverage areas 110 of the abutting macro cell base stations 102 can partially overlap (e.g., in a handoff area), some of the geographic coverage areas 110 can substantially overlap with larger geographic coverage areas 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' with a lesser coverage area 110' can overlap substantially with the geographic coverage area 110 of one or more macro cell base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell and macro cell base stations 102 can be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network can also include Home eNBs (HeNBs), where an HeNB can provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG).

[0053] The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 can include uplink (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104. The communication links 120 can use MIMO antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links 120 can be through one or more carrier frequencies. Allocation of carriers can be asymmetric with respect to downlink and uplink (e.g., more or less carriers can be allocated for downlink than for uplink).

[0054] The wireless communications system 100 can further include a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) 150 in communication with WLAN stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in an unlicensed frequency spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz). When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the WLAN STAs 152 and / or the WLAN AP 150 can perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) or listen before talk (LBT) procedure prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.

[0055] The small cell base stations 102' can operate in a licensed or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell base stations 102' can employ LTE or NR technology and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the WLAN AP 150. The small cell base stations 102' employing LTE / 5G in an unlicensed frequency spectrum can boost coverage and / or increase capacity for the access network. NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum can be referred to as NR-U. LTE in an unlicensed frequency spectrum can be referred to as LTE-U, License Assisted Access (LAA), or MuLTEfire®.

[0056] The wireless communications system 100 can further include mmW base stations 180 that can operate in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies and / or near mmW frequencies to communicate with UEs 182. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is the part of the RF in the electromagnetic spectrum from 30 GHz to 300 GHz, and has wavelengths in the range from 1 millimeter to 10 millimeters. Radio waves in this band can be referred to as a millimeter wave. Near mmW can extend down to a frequency of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 millimeters. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3 GHz and 30 GHz, also referred to as centimeter wave. Communications using the mmW / near mmW radio frequency band have extremely high path loss and a relatively short range. The mmW base stations 180 and the UEs 182 can compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range through the use of beamforming (transmit and / or receive) over a mmW communication link 184. Further, it is to be appreciated that in alternative configurations, one or more base stations 102 can also use mmW or near mmW and beamforming for transmissions. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described examples are just examples, and should not be construed as limiting the various aspects disclosed herein.

[0057] Transmit beamforming is a technique used to focus the transmitted RF signal in a specific direction. Conventional beamforming (also referred to as analog beamforming) uses a network node’s transmit chain to shape the beam in a specific direction. This is done by adjusting the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of the one or more transmitters. For example, a network node can use an array of antennas (known as a “phased array” or “antenna array”) to create a beam of RF waves that can be “steered” to point in different directions, without moving the antennas themselves. Specifically, the RF current from the transmitters is fed to the individual antennas with the correct phase relationship so that the radio waves from the separate antennas add together to increase the radiation in a desired direction, while cancelling to suppress radiation in undesired directions.

[0058] Transmit beams can be quasi-co-located, which means that they appear to the receiver (e.g., a UE) to have the same parameters, regardless of whether the network node’s transmit antennas themselves are physically co-located. In NR, there are four types of quasi-co-location (QCL) relationships. Specifically, a given QCL type means that certain parameters about a second reference RF signal on a second beam can be derived from information about a source reference RF signal on a source beam. Thus, if the source reference RF signal is QCL Type A, then the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL Type B, then the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and Doppler spread of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL Type C, then the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler shift and average delay of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is QCL Type D, then the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the spatial receive parameter of a second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel.

[0059] In receive beamforming, the receiver uses a receive beam to amplify RF signals detected on a given channel in a particular direction. For example, the receiver can increase the gain setting of the antenna array in a particular direction and / or adjust the phase settings of the antenna array to amplify RF signals received from that direction (e.g., increase its gain level). Thus, when a receiver is said to be beamformed in a certain direction, this means that the beam gain in that direction is higher relative to the beam gain in other directions, or that the beam gain in that direction is the highest among the beam gains in that direction of all other receive beams available to the receiver. This results in a stronger received signal strength (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), etc.) for RF signals received from that direction.

[0060] Transmit beams and receive beams can be spatially related. Spatially related means that parameters of a second beam (e.g., transmit or receive beam) for a second reference signal can be derived from information about a first beam (e.g., receive or transmit beam) for a first reference signal. For example, a UE can use a particular receive beam to receive a reference downlink reference signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) from a base station. The UE can then form a transmit beam based on parameters of the receive beam for transmitting an uplink reference signal (e.g., a sounding reference signal (SRS)) to the base station.

[0061] Note that depending on the entity forming the “downlink” beam, the beam can be a transmit beam or a receive beam. For example, if the base station is forming the downlink beam to transmit a reference signal to the UE, the downlink beam is a transmit beam. However, if the UE is forming the downlink beam, the downlink beam is a receive beam for receiving a downlink reference signal. Similarly, depending on the entity forming the “uplink” beam, the beam can be a transmit beam or a receive beam. For example, if the base station is forming the uplink beam, the uplink beam is an uplink receive beam, while if the UE is forming the uplink beam, the uplink beam is an uplink transmit beam.

[0062] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided based on frequency / wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as a “millimeter wave” band in various documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz) which is identified by the INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION® as a “millimeter wave” band.

[0063] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and as such can effectively extend features of FR1 and / or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Additionally, higher bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operations beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4-a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0064] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “Sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, can broadly represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, can broadly represent frequencies that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band.

[0065] In multi-carrier systems (such as 5G), one of the carrier frequencies is referred to as the "primary carrier," "anchor carrier," "primary serving cell," or "PCell," and the remaining carrier frequencies are referred to as "secondary carriers," "secondary serving cells," or "SCell." In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is the carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) utilized by UE 104 / 182 and on the cell in which UE 104 / 182 performs an Initial Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. The primary carrier carries all shared control channels as well as control channels that vary from UE to UE, and can be a carrier on a licensed frequency (however, this is not always the case). The secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2), which can be configured once an RRC connection is established between UE 104 and the anchor carrier, and can be used to provide additional radio resources. In some cases, the secondary carrier can be a carrier on an unlicensed frequency. Secondary carriers may contain only the necessary signaling information and signals. For example, signaling information and signals that vary from UE to UE may not be present in the secondary carrier, since both the primary uplink and downlink carriers are typically UE-specific. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 within a cell can have different downlink primary carriers. The same applies to the uplink primary carrier. The network can change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. For example, this is done to balance the load on different carriers. Since a “serving cell” (whether PCell or SCell) corresponds to the carrier frequency / component carrier that a base station is using for communication, the terms “cell,” “serving cell,” “component carrier,” “carrier frequency,” etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0066] For example, still refer to Figure 1 One of the frequencies utilized by the macrocell base station 102 can be an anchor carrier (or "PCell"), and other frequencies utilized by the macrocell base station 102 and / or mmW base station 180 can be secondary carriers ("SCell"). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception on multiple carriers allows the UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rates. For example, in a multi-carrier system, two 20 MHz aggregated carriers would theoretically result in twice the data rate (i.e., 40 MHz) compared to the data rate obtained from a single 20 MHz carrier.

[0067] exist Figure 1 In the examples, any of the UEs being explained (for simplicity) Figure 1The UEs 104 (only one of which is shown as a single UE 104) can receive signals 124 from one or more Earth orbiting satellites (SVs) 112, e.g., satellites. In an aspect, the SVs 112 can be part of a satellite positioning system of which the UEs 104 can use as an independent source of location information. A satellite positioning system typically includes a system of transmitters (e.g., SVs 112) positioned in orbit about the Earth that transmit signals that a receiver (e.g., a UE 104) can use to determine its location on or above the Earth based, at least in part, on known positions of the transmitters and the times of arrival of the signals from the transmitters. Such transmitters typically transmit signals marked with a repeating pseudo-random noise (PN) code of a set number of chips. While the transmitters are typically located in SVs 112, they can at times be located on ground-based control stations, base stations 102, and / or other UEs 104. The UEs 104 can include one or more specialized receivers designed specifically to receive the signals 124 from the SVs 112 to derive geographic location information.

[0068] In a satellite positioning system, the use of signals 124 can be augmented by various satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS), which can be associated with one or more global and / or regional navigation satellite systems or otherwise enabled to work with one or more global and / or regional navigation satellite systems. For example, an SBAS can include an augmentation system(s) that provides integrity information, differential corrections, etc. to users, such as the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), the Multi

[0069] In an aspect, the SVs 112 can additionally or alternatively be part of one or more non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). In an NTN, the SVs 112 are connected to an Earth station (also referred to as a ground station, NTN gateway, or gateway), which in turn is connected to elements in the 5G network, such as a modified base station 102 (without a terrestrial antenna) or a network node in the 5GC. This element in turn will provide access to other elements in the 5G network, and ultimately to entities outside the 5G network, such as Internet web servers and other user equipment. In this way, the UEs 104 can receive communication signals (e.g., signals 124) from the SVs 112 as an alternative or supplement to receiving communication signals from terrestrial base stations 102.

[0070] Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technologies are being implemented to support intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications, such as wireless communications between vehicles (vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)), between vehicles and roadside infrastructure (vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)), and between vehicles and pedestrians (vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P)), with the increased data rates and reduced latency of NR, among other things. The goal is to enable vehicles to sense their surroundings and communicate that information to other vehicles, infrastructure, and personal mobile devices. Such vehicle communications will enable safety, mobility, and environmental advancements that current technology cannot provide. Once fully implemented, the technology is expected to reduce unimpaired vehicle crashes by 80%.

[0071] Still referring to Figure 1 Wireless communications system 100 can include a plurality of V-UEs 160 that can communicate with base stations 102 over communication links 120 (e.g., an air interface between UEs and base stations). V-UEs 160 can also communicate directly with each other over wireless sidelinks 162, directly with roadside units (RSUs) 164 (roadside access points) over wireless sidelinks 166, or directly with sidelink-capable UEs 104 over wireless sidelinks 168 using a PC5 interface (i.e., an air interface between sidelink-capable UEs). Wireless sidelinks (or just “sidelinks”) are adaptations of core cellular (e.g., LTE, NR) standards that allow direct communication between two or more UEs without that communication passing through a base station. Sidelink communications can be unicast or multicast and can be used for device-to-device (D2D) media sharing, V2V communications, V2X communications (e.g., cellular V2X (cV2X) communications, enhanced V2X (eV2X) communications, etc.), emergency rescue applications, etc. One or more V-UEs 160 of a group of V-UEs 160 utilizing sidelink communications can be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 102. Other V-UEs 160 in such a group can be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 102, or for other reasons be unable to receive transmissions from base stations 102. In some cases, groups of V-UEs 160 communicating via sidelink communications can utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each V-UE 160 transmits to every other V-UE 160 in the group. In some cases, base station 102 facilitates scheduling of resources for sidelink communications. In other cases, sidelink communications are performed between V-UEs 160 without involvement of base station 102.

[0072] In an aspect, the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 can operate over a wireless communication medium of interest that can be shared with other communications between other vehicles and / or infrastructure access points and other RATs. The "medium" can include one or more time, frequency, and / or space communication resources (e.g., encompassing one or more channels across one or more carriers) associated with wireless communications between one or more transmitter / receiver pairs.

[0073] In an aspect, the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 can be cV2X links. The first generation of cV2X has been standardized in LTE, and the next generation is expected to be defined in NR. cV2X is a cellular technology that also enables device-to-device communications. In the United States and Europe, cV2X is expected to operate in the licensed ITS band in sub-6 GHz. Other bands can be allocated in other countries. Thus, as a particular example, the medium of interest utilized by the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 can correspond to at least a portion of the licensed ITS band in sub-6 GHz. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this band or cellular technology.

[0074] In an aspect, the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 can be dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) links. DSRC is a one-way or two-way, short-to-medium range wireless communications protocol that uses the Wireless Access Vehicular Environment (WAVE) protocol (also known as IEEE 802.1 Ip) for V2V, V2I, and V2P communications. IEEE 802.1 Ip is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard and operates in the licensed ITS band of 5.9 GHz (5.85-5.925 GHz) in the United States. In Europe, IEEE 802.1 Ip operates in the ITS G5A band (5.875-5.905 MHz). Other bands can be allocated in other countries. The above- briefly described V2V communications occur on a safety channel, which is typically a 10 MHz channel dedicated for safety purposes in the United States. The remainder of the DSRC band (total bandwidth is 75 MHz) is intended for other services of interest to the driver, such as road rules, tolling, parking automation, etc. Thus, as a particular example, the medium of interest utilized by the sidelinks 162, 166, 168 can correspond to at least a portion of the licensed ITS band of 5.9 GHz.

[0075] Alternatively, the medium of interest may correspond to at least a portion of the unlicensed frequency bands shared among various RATs. While different licensed frequency bands have been reserved for certain communication systems (e.g., by government entities such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States), these systems, particularly those employing small cellular access points, have recently extended their operation into unlicensed frequency bands, such as the unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) bands used by Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technologies (most notably the IEEE 802.11x WLAN technology commonly known as "Wi-Fi"). Example systems of this type include various variants of CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), and so on.

[0076] Communication between V-UEs 160 is referred to as V2V communication, communication between V-UE 160 and one or more RSUs 164 is referred to as V2I communication, and communication between V-UE 160 and one or more UEs 104 (where these UEs 104 are P-UEs) is referred to as V2P communication. V2V communication between V-UEs 160 may include information such as the position, speed, acceleration, heading, and other vehicle data of these V-UEs 160. V2I information received at a V-UE 160 from one or more RSUs 164 may include, for example, road rules, parking automation information, etc. V2P communication between V-UE 160 and UE 104 may include information such as the position, speed, acceleration, and heading of the V-UE 160, and the position, speed (e.g., in the case where UE 104 is carried by a user on a bicycle), and heading.

[0077] Note that, although Figure 1 Only two UEs out of each set are interpreted as V-UEs (V-UE 160), but any interpreted UE (e.g., UE 104, 152, 182, 190) can be a V-UE. Furthermore, although only V-UE 160 and a single UE 104 have been interpreted as being connected on a sidelink, Figure 1Any UE described herein (whether V-UE, P-UE, etc.) may be capable of sidelink communication. Furthermore, although only UE 182 is described as capable of beamforming, any of the described UEs (including V-UE 160) may be capable of beamforming. If V-UE 160 is capable of beamforming, it can beamform towards each other (i.e., towards other V-UEs 160), towards RSU 164, towards other UEs (e.g., UEs 104, 152, 182, 190), etc. Thus, in some cases, V-UE 160 may utilize beamforming on sidelinks 162, 166, and 168.

[0078] The wireless communication system 100 may further include one or more UEs (such as UE 190) that are indirectly connected to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. Figure 1 In the example, UE190 has a D2D P2P link 192 with a UE 104 connected to a base station 102 (e.g., through which UE 190 indirectly obtains cellular connectivity), and a D2D P2P link 194 with a WLAN STA 152 connected to a WLAN AP 150 (through which UE190 indirectly obtains WLAN-based Internet connectivity). In one example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can be supported using any well-known D2D RAT (such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), Wi-Fi Direct®, Bluetooth®, etc.). As another example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can be sidelinks, as described above with reference to sidelinks 162, 166, and 168.

[0079] Figure 2AExample wireless network architecture 200 is explained. For example, 5GC 210 (also known as Next Generation Core (NGC)) can be functionally considered as control plane (C-plane) functions 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and user plane (U-plane) functions 212 (e.g., UE gateway functions, access to data networks, IP routing, etc.), which operate collaboratively to form the core network. User plane interface (NG-U) 213 and control plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect gNB 222 to 5GC 210, specifically to user plane function 212 and control plane function 214, respectively. In an additional configuration, ng-eNB 224 can also connect to 5GC 210 via NG-C 215 to control plane function 214 and NG-U 213 to user plane function 212. Furthermore, ng-eNB 224 can communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, the next-generation RAN (NG-RAN) 220 may have one or more gNBs 222, while other configurations include one or more ng-eNBs 224 and one or more gNBs 222. The gNB 222 or ng-eNB 224 (or both) may communicate with one or more UEs 204 (e.g., any UE described herein).

[0080] Another optional aspect may include location server 230, which may communicate with 5GC 210 to provide location assistance to UE 204. Location server 230 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules extending across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. Location server 230 may be configured to support one or more location services for UE 204, which UE 204 may connect to via the core network, 5GC 210, and / or via the Internet (not explained). Furthermore, location server 230 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively, may be external to the core network (e.g., a third-party server, such as an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) server or a business server).

[0081] Figure 2B Another example wireless network architecture, 240.5GC 260, was explained (which can correspond to...). Figure 2A5GC 210 can be functionally considered as a control plane function (provided by Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 264) and a user plane function (provided by User Plane Function (UPF) 262), which operate collaboratively to form the core network (i.e., 5GC 260). The functions of AMF 264 include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, session management (SM) message transmission between one or more UEs 204 (e.g., any UE described herein) and session management function (SMF) 266, transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, short message service (SMS) message transmission between UE 204 and short message service function (SMSF) (not shown), and security anchor functionality (SEAF). AMF 264 also interacts with authentication server function (AUSF) (not shown) and UE 204, and receives an intermediate key established as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. In scenarios where authentication is based on the UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Subscriber Identity Module (USIM), the AMF 264 retrieves security material from the AMF. The AMF 264 also includes Security Context Management (SCM). The SCM receives a key from the SEAF, which it uses to derive a key that varies depending on the access network. The AMF 264's functionality also includes: location service management for regulatory services, location service message transmission between the UE 204 and the Location Management Function (LMF) 270 (which acts as a location server 230), location service message transmission between the NG-RAN 220 and the LMF 270, EPS bearer identifier allocation for interoperability with the Evolved Packet System (EPS), and UE 204 mobility event notification. Additionally, the AMF 264 supports functionality for non-3GPP® (3rd Generation Partnership Project) access networks.

[0082] The functions of UPF 262 include: acting as an anchor point for intra-RAT / inter-RAT mobility (where applicable), acting as an external Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session point interconnecting to a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., strobing, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g., uplink / downlink rate enforcement, reflective QoS marking in the downlink), uplink traffic verification (Service Data Flow (SDF) to QoS Flow mapping), transport-level packet marking in the uplink and downlink, downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering, and sending and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node. UPF 262 may also support the transmission of location service messages between UE 204 and a location server (such as SLP 272) on the user plane.

[0083] The functions of SMF 266 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, traffic bootstrapping configuration at UPF 262 to route traffic to the correct destination, partial control of policy enforcement and QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface used by SMF 266 to communicate with AMF 264 is called the N11 interface.

[0084] Another optional aspect may include LMF 270, which can communicate with 5GC 260 to provide location assistance to UE 204. LMF 270 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules extending across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. LMF 270 may be configured to support one or more location services for UE 204, which can connect to LMF 270 via the core network, 5GC 260, and / or via the Internet (not explained). SLP 272 can support similar functions to LMF 270, but while LMF 270 can communicate with AMF 264, NG-RAN 220, and UE 204 on the control plane (e.g., using interfaces and protocols designed to convey signaling messages rather than voice or data), SLP 272 can communicate with UE 204 and external clients (e.g., third-party server 274) on the user plane (e.g., using protocols designed to carry voice and / or data, such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and / or IP).

[0085] Another optional aspect may include a third-party server 274, which can communicate with LMF 270, SLP 272, 5GC 260 (e.g., via AMF 264 and / or UPF 262), NG-RAN 220, and / or UE 204 to obtain location information (e.g., location estimation) of UE 204. Thus, in some cases, the third-party server 274 may be referred to as a Location Services (LCS) client or an external client. The third-party server 274 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules extending across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server.

[0086] User plane interface 263 and control plane interface 265 connect 5GC 260 (and in particular UPF 262 and AMF 264, respectively) to one or more gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 in NG-RAN 220. The interface between gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 and AMF 264 is referred to as the "N2" interface, while the interface between gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 and UPF 262 is referred to as the "N3" interface. The gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 of NG-RAN 220 can communicate directly with each other via backhaul connection 223, which is referred to as the "Xn-C interface". One or more of gNB 222 and / or ng-eNB 224 can communicate with one or more UEs 204 on a radio interface, which is referred to as the "Uu interface".

[0087] The functionality of the gNB 222 is divided among the gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU) 226, one or more gNB Distributed Units (gNB-DU) 228, and one or more gNB Radio Units (gNB-RU) 229. The gNB-CU 226 is a logical node that includes base station functions such as transmitting user data, mobility control, radio access network sharing, positioning, and session management, in addition to those functions specifically allocated to the gNB-DU(228). More specifically, the gNB-CU 226 generally manages the radio resource control (RRC), serving data adaptation protocol (SDAP), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) of the gNB 222. The gNB-DU 228 is a logical node that generally manages the radio link control (RLC) and media access control (MAC) layers of the gNB 222. Its operation is controlled by the gNB-CU 226. One gNB-DU 228 can support one or more cells, while a cell is supported by only one gNB-DU 228. The interface 232 between gNB-CU 226 and one or more gNB-DU 228 is referred to as the "F1" interface. The physical (PHY) layer functionality of gNB 222 is typically managed by one or more independent gNB-RU 229s, which perform functions such as power amplification and signal transmission / reception. The interface between gNB-DU 228 and gNB-RU 229 is referred to as the "Fx" interface. Thus, UE 204 communicates with gNB-CU 226 via the RRC, SDAP, and PDCP layers, with gNB-DU 228 via the RLC and MAC layers, and with gNB-RU 229 via the PHY layer.

[0088] Figure 3A , 3BThe explanation of 3C includes UE 302 (which may correspond to any UE described herein), base station 304 (which may correspond to any base station described herein), and network entity 306 (which may correspond to or embody any network function described herein, including location server 230 and LMF 270, or alternatively may be independent of UE 302). Figure 2A and 2B Several example components (represented by corresponding boxes) of the NG-RAN 220 and / or 5GC 210 / 260 infrastructure (such as private networks) depicted herein support the operation as described herein. It will be appreciated that these components may be implemented in different types of devices (e.g., in ASICs, in System-on-Chip (SoCs), etc.) in different implementations. The illustrated components may also be incorporated into other devices in a communication system. For example, other devices in the system may include components similar to those described to provide similar functionality. Furthermore, a given device may include one or more of these components. For example, a device may include multiple transceiver components that enable the device to operate on multiple carriers and / or communicate via different technologies.

[0089] UE 302 and base station 304 each include one or more wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceivers 310 and 350, respectively, to provide means (e.g., means for transmitting, means for receiving, means for measuring, means for tuning, means for suppressing transmission, etc.) for communication via one or more wireless communication networks (not shown) (such as NR networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, etc.). WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may each be connected to one or more antennas 316 and 356 for communication with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations (e.g., eNB, gNB), etc.) on a wireless communication medium of interest (e.g., a time / frequency resource set in a specific spectrum) via at least one designated RAT (e.g., NR, LTE, GSM, etc.). WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 can be configured, according to a specified RAT, in various ways to transmit and encode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.), and conversely, to receive and decode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.). Specifically, WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 each include one or more transmitters 314 and 354 for transmitting and encoding signals 318 and 358, respectively, and each includes one or more receivers 312 and 352 for receiving and decoding signals 318 and 358, respectively.

[0090] In at least some cases, UE 302 and base station 304 each further include one or more short-range radio transceivers 320 and 360, respectively. The short-range radio transceivers 320 and 360 may be connected to one or more antennas 326 and 366, respectively, and provide means (e.g., means for transmitting, means for receiving, means for measuring, means for tuning, means for suppressing transmission, etc.) for communicating with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations, etc.) over a wireless communication medium of interest via at least one designated RAT (e.g., WiFi, LTE Direct, BLUETOOTH®, ZIGBEE®, Z-WAVE®, PC5, Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), Wireless Access in Vehicle Environments (WAVE), Near Field Communication (NFC), Ultra Wideband (UWB), etc.). Short-range transceivers 320 and 360 may be configured, in various ways according to a specified RAT, to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.), and conversely, to receive and decode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.). Specifically, short-range transceivers 320 and 360 each include one or more transmitters 324 and 364 for transmitting and encoding signals 328 and 368, respectively, and one or more receivers 322 and 362 for receiving and decoding signals 328 and 368, respectively. As a specific example, short-range transceivers 320 and 360 may be WiFi transceivers, BLUETOOTH® transceivers, ZIGBEE® and / or Z-WAVE® transceivers, NFC transceivers, or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and / or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) transceivers.

[0091] In at least some cases, UE 302 and base station 304 also include satellite signal receivers 330 and 370. Satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 may be connected to one or more antennas 336 and 376, respectively, and may be provided with means for receiving and / or measuring satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378, respectively. When satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 are satellite positioning system receivers, satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378 may be Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS®) signals, Galileo signals, BeiDou signals, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (NAVIC), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc. When satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 are non-terrestrial network (NTN) receivers, satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378 may be communication signals originating from a 5G network (e.g., carrying control and / or user data). Satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 may include any suitable hardware and / or software for receiving and processing satellite positioning / communication signals 338 and 378, respectively. Satellite signal receivers 330 and 370 may request information and operations from other systems as appropriate, and in at least some cases perform calculations to determine the respective locations of UE 302 and base station 304 using measurements obtained by any suitable satellite positioning system algorithm.

[0092] Base station 304 and network entity 306 each include one or more network transceivers 380 and 390, respectively, to provide means (e.g., means for transmitting, means for receiving, etc.) for communicating with other network entities (e.g., other base stations 304, other network entities 306). For example, base station 304 may use one or more network transceivers 380 to communicate with other base stations 304 or network entities 306 on one or more wired or wireless backhaul links. As another example, network entity 306 may use one or more network transceivers 390 to communicate with one or more base stations 304 on one or more wired or wireless backhaul links, or to communicate with other network entities 306 on one or more wired or wireless core network interfaces.

[0093] Transceivers can be configured to communicate over wired or wireless links. A transceiver (whether wired or wireless) includes a transmitter circuitry (e.g., transmitters 314, 324, 354, 364) and a receiver circuitry (e.g., receivers 312, 322, 352, 362). In some implementations, the transceiver may be an integrated device (e.g., implementing the transmitter and receiver circuitry in a single device), in some implementations it may include separate transmitter and receiver circuitry, or in other implementations it may be implemented in a different manner. The transmitter and receiver circuitry of a wired transceiver (e.g., in some implementations, network transceivers 380 and 390) may be coupled to one or more wired network interface ports. Wireless transmitter circuitry (e.g., transmitters 314, 324, 354, 364) may include or be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 326, 356, 366), such as antenna arrays, which permit the corresponding device (e.g., UE 302, base station 304) to perform transmit beamforming, as described herein. Similarly, wireless receiver circuitry (e.g., receivers 312, 322, 352, 362) may include or be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 326, 356, 366), such as antenna arrays, which permit the corresponding device (e.g., UE 302, base station 304) to perform receive beamforming, as described herein. In one aspect, the transmitter and receiver circuitry may share the same multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 326, 356, 366) so that the corresponding device can only receive or transmit at a given time, rather than both simultaneously. Wireless transceivers (e.g., WWAN transceivers 310 and 350, short-range wireless transceivers 320 and 360) may also include network listening modules (NLMs) for performing various measurements.

[0094] As used herein, various wireless transceivers (e.g., transceivers 310, 320, 350, and 360, and network transceivers 380 and 390 in some implementations) and wired transceivers (e.g., network transceivers 380 and 390 in some implementations) can generally be characterized as "transceiver," "at least one transceiver," or "one or more transceivers." Thus, whether a particular transceiver is a wired or wireless transceiver can be inferred from the type of communication performed. For example, backhaul communication between network devices or servers generally involves signaling via a wired transceiver, while wireless communication between a UE (e.g., UE 302) and a base station (e.g., base station 304) generally involves signaling via a wireless transceiver.

[0095] UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 also include other components that can be used in conjunction with operations as disclosed herein. UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 each include one or more processors 332, 384, and 394 for providing functionality related to, for example, wireless communication, and for providing other processing functionality. Processors 332, 384, and 394 can therefore provide means for processing, such as means for determining, means for calculating, means for receiving, means for transmitting, means for indicating, etc. In one aspect, processors 332, 384, and 394 may include, for example, one or more general-purpose processors, multi-core processors, central processing units (CPUs), ASICs, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), other programmable logic devices or processing circuitry systems, or various combinations thereof.

[0096] UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 include memory circuitry that respectively implements memories 340, 386, and 396 (e.g., each including a memory device) for maintaining information (e.g., information indicating reserved resources, thresholds, parameters, etc.). Memories 340, 386, and 396 may thus provide means for storage, means for retrieval, means for maintenance, etc. In some cases, UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 may respectively include sidelink positioning components 342, 388, and 398. Sidelink positioning components 342, 388, and 398 may be hardware circuitry as part of or coupled to processors 332, 384, and 394, which, when executed, enable UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 to perform the functionality described herein. In other respects, sidelink positioning components 342, 388, and 398 may be external to processors 332, 384, and 394 (e.g., part of a modem processing system, integrated with another processing system, etc.). Alternatively, sidelink positioning components 342, 388, and 398 may be memory modules stored in memories 340, 386, and 396, respectively, which, when executed by processors 332, 384, and 394 (or a modem processing system, another processing system, etc.), enable UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 to perform the functionality described herein. Figure 3A The possible locations of the side link location component 342 are explained. The side link location component 342 may be, for example, part of one or more WWAN transceivers 310, memory 332, one or more processors 384, or any combination thereof, or may be a stand-alone component. Figure 3BThe possible locations of the side link location component 388 are explained. The side link location component 386 may be, for example, part of one or more WWAN transceivers 350, memory 384, one or more processors 384, or any combination thereof, or may be a stand-alone component. Figure 3C The possible locations of the side link location component 398 are explained. The side link location component 398 may be, for example, part of one or more network transceivers 390, memory 396, one or more processors 394, or any combination thereof, or may be a stand-alone component.

[0097] UE 302 may include one or more sensors 344 coupled to one or more processors 332 to provide means for sensing or detecting motion and / or orientation information independent of motion data derived from signals received by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more short-range wireless transceivers 320, and / or satellite signal receivers 330. As an example, sensor 344 may include accelerometers (e.g., microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices), gyroscopes, geomagnetic sensors (e.g., compasses), altimeters (e.g., barometric altimeters), and / or any other type of motion detection sensor. Furthermore, sensor 344 may include multiple different types of devices and combine their outputs to provide motion information. For example, sensor 344 may use a combination of multi-axis accelerometers and orientation sensors to provide the ability to calculate position in two-dimensional (2D) and / or three-dimensional (3D) coordinate systems.

[0098] Additionally, UE 302 includes a user interface 346 that provides means for providing instructions to a user (e.g., audible and / or visual instructions) and / or for receiving user input (e.g., when the user actuates sensing devices such as keypads, touchscreens, microphones, etc.). Although not shown, base station 304 and network entity 306 may also include user interfaces.

[0099] Referring more specifically to one or more processors 384, in the downlink, IP packets from network entity 306 may be provided to processor 384. One or more processors 384 may implement functionality for the RRC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. One or more processors 384 may provide RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)) broadcasting, RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-RAT mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (cryptography, cryptographic decoding, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, scheduling information reporting, error correction, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0100] Transmitter 354 and receiver 352 implement Layer 1 (L1) functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, including the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. Transmitter 354 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be split into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently combined using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time-domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM symbol stream is spatially precoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from the channel estimator can be used to determine the coding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimates can be derived from reference signals transmitted by UE 302 and / or channel condition feedback. Each spatial stream can then be provided to one or more different antennas 356. Transmitter 354 can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate an RF carrier for transmission.

[0101] At UE 302, receiver 312 receives signals via its corresponding antenna 316. Receiver 312 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides this information to one or more processors 332. Transmitter 314 and receiver 312 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Receiver 312 can perform spatial processing on this information to recover any spatial stream destined for UE 302. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 302, they can be combined by receiver 312 into a single OFDM symbol stream. Receiver 312 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal consists of a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. Symbols on each subcarrier, along with a reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the signal constellation points most likely to be transmitted by base station 304. These soft decisions can be based on a channel estimate calculated by a channel estimator. These soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the original data and control signals transmitted by base station 304 over the physical channel. This data and control signals are then provided to one or more processors 332 that implement Layer 3 (L3) and Layer 2 (L2) functionality.

[0102] In the downlink, one or more processors 332 provide demultiplexing, packet reassembly, cipher decoding, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport and logical channels to recover IP packets from the core network. One or more processors 332 are also responsible for error detection.

[0103] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with downlink transmissions performed by base station 304, one or more processors 332 provide RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) capture, RRC connectivity, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (cryptography, cryptographic decoding, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ), priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0104] The channel estimate derived by the channel estimator from the reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 304 can be used by the transmitter 314 to select an appropriate coding and modulation scheme and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the transmitter 314 can be provided to different antennas 316. The transmitter 314 can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate the RF carrier for transmission.

[0105] Uplink transmissions are handled at base station 304 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 302. Receiver 352 receives signals via its corresponding antenna 356. Receiver 352 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to one or more processors 384.

[0106] In the uplink, one or more processors 384 provide demultiplexing, packet reassembly, cipher decoding, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport and logical channels to recover IP packets from UE 302. IP packets from the one or more processors 384 can be provided to the core network. The one or more processors 384 are also responsible for error detection.

[0107] For convenience, UE 302, base station 304 and / or network entity 306 are in Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C The text is shown as including various components that can be configured according to the various examples described herein. However, it will be understood that the components described may have different functionalities in different designs. Specifically, Figures 3A to 3C The various components are optional in the replacement configuration, and various aspects include configurations that can vary due to design choices, cost, equipment usage, or other considerations. For example, in Figure 3A In such cases, a specific implementation of UE 302 may omit (e.g., wearable devices, tablets, PCs, or laptops may have Wi-Fi and / or BLUETOOTH® but no cellular capability), or (e.g., cellular only), or (e.g., satellite receiver 330), or (e.g., sensors 344), etc. In another example, in Figure 3B In such cases, a particular implementation of base station 304 may omit WWAN transceiver 350 (e.g., a Wi-Fi "hotspot" access point without cellular capabilities), or short-range wireless transceiver 360 (e.g., cellular only), or satellite signal receiver 370, etc. For the sake of brevity, explanations of various alternative configurations are not provided herein, but will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

[0108] Various components of UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306 can be communicatively coupled to each other on data buses 334, 382, ​​and 392, respectively. In one aspect, data buses 334, 382, ​​and 392 can form or be part of the communication interfaces of UE 302, base station 304, and network entity 306, respectively. For example, when different logical entities are implemented in the same device (e.g., gNB and location server functionality are incorporated into the same base station 304), data buses 334, 382, ​​and 392 can provide communication between them.

[0109] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C The components can be implemented in various ways. In some implementations, Figures 3A-3C The components can be implemented in one or more circuits (for example, such as one or more processors and / or one or more ASICs, which may include one or more processors). Here, each circuit may use and / or incorporate at least one memory component for storing information or executable code used by that circuit to provide this functionality. For example, some or all of the functionality represented by boxes 310 to 346 may be implemented by the processor and memory components of UE 302 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriately configuring the processor components). Similarly, some or all of the functionality represented by boxes 350 to 388 may be implemented by the processor and memory components of base station 304 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriately configuring the processor components). Furthermore, some or all of the functionality represented by boxes 390 to 398 may be implemented by the processor and memory components of network entity 306 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriately configuring the processor components). For simplicity, various operations, actions, and / or functions are described herein as “performed by the UE, the base station, the network entity, etc.” However, as will be appreciated, such operations, actions, and / or functions may actually be performed by specific components or combinations of components (such as processors 332, 384, 394, transceivers 310, 320, 350 and 360, memories 340, 386 and 396, sidelink positioning components 342, 388 and 398, etc.) of the UE 302, base station 304, network entity 306, etc.

[0110] In some designs, network entity 306 may be implemented as a core network component. In other designs, network entity 306 may be a network operator or operation different from the cellular network infrastructure (e.g., NG RAN 220 and / or 5GC 210 / 260). For example, network entity 306 may be a component of a private network that may be configured to communicate with UE 302 via base station 304 or independently of base station 304 (e.g., on a non-cellular communication link, such as Wi-Fi).

[0111] NR supports or enables various sidelink positioning technologies. Figure 4A Various scenarios of interest for sidelink-only positioning or joint Uu and sidelink positioning according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained. In scenario 410, at least one peer UE with a known location can improve the Uu-based positioning of a target UE by providing additional anchors (e.g., using sidelink RTT (SL-RTT)). In scenario 420, a low-end (e.g., reduced capability, or "RedCap") target UE can be assisted by high-end UEs to determine its location using, for example, sidelink positioning and ranging protocols with these high-end UEs. Compared to the low-end UE, the high-end UE may have more capabilities, such as more sensors, faster processors, more memory, more antenna elements, higher transmit power capabilities, access to additional frequency bands, or any combination thereof. In scenario 430, a relay UE (e.g., with a known location) participates in the positioning estimation of a remote UE without performing uplink positioning reference signal (PRS) transmission via the Uu interface. Scenario 440 illustrates joint positioning of multiple UEs. Specifically, in scenario 440, two UEs with unknown locations can be jointly located in a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) condition by utilizing constraints from nearby UEs.

[0112] Figure 4B Additional scenarios of interest for sidelink-only positioning or joint Uu and sidelink positioning according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained. In scenario 450, UEs used for public safety (e.g., by police officers, firefighters, etc.) can perform peer-to-peer (P2P) positioning and ranging for public safety and other purposes. For example, in scenario 450, public safety UEs can be outside network coverage and use sidelink positioning technology to determine the location or relative distance and relative positioning between these public safety UEs. Similarly, scenario 460 illustrates multiple UEs outside coverage and using sidelink positioning technology (such as SL-RTT) to determine the location or relative distance and relative positioning.

[0113] Sidelink communication occurs within a transmit or receive resource pool. In the frequency domain, the smallest unit of resource allocation is a subchannel (e.g., a set of coherent PRBs in that frequency domain). In the time domain, resource allocation occurs within a time slot interval. However, some time slots are unavailable for sidelinks, and some time slots contain feedback resources. Additionally, sidelink communication can be (pre-)configured to occupy fewer than 14 symbols in a time slot.

[0114] Sidelink resources are configured at the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. RRC configuration can be pre-configured (e.g., pre-loaded on the UE) or configured (e.g., from the serving base station).

[0115] The NR side link supports Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) retransmission. Figure 5A This is a diagram 500 illustrating an example time-slot structure without feedback resources according to various aspects of this disclosure. Figure 5A In the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and 14 symbols make up a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is a subchannel. Currently, the (pre)configured subchannel size can be selected from a set of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) of {10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100}.

[0116] For side-link time slots, the first symbol is a repetition of the previous symbol and is used for automatic gain control (AGC) settings. This is in Figure 5A This is explained using vertical and horizontal hashing. For example... Figure 5A As shown, for sidelinks, the Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) and the Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) are transmitted in the same time slot. Similar to the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), the PSCCH carries control information about sidelink resource allocation and a description of the sidelink data transmitted to the UE. Likewise, similar to the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), the PSSCH carries user data for the UE. Figure 5A In the example, the PSCCH occupies half the bandwidth of the sub-channel and uses only three symbols. Finally, the gap symbol appears after the PSSCH.

[0117] Figure 5B This is a diagram 550 illustrating an example time-slot structure with feedback resources according to various aspects of this disclosure. Figure 5B In the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one OFDM symbol, and 14 symbols make up a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is a subchannel.

[0118] Figure 5BThe time slot structure explained in the article and Figure 5A The time slot structure explained in the text is similar, the difference being... Figure 5B The time slot structure described herein includes feedback resources. Specifically, the two symbols at the end of the time slot are dedicated to the Physical Side Link Feedback Channel (PSFCH). The first PSFCH symbol is a repetition of the second PSFCH symbol used for AGC setup. In addition to the gap symbol following the PSFCH, there is a gap symbol after the two PSFCH symbols. Currently, the resources used for the PSFCH can be configured to have periodicity selected from the set of time slots {0,1,2,4}.

[0119] The first 13 symbols of the time slot in the time domain and the sub-channels allocated in the frequency domain form a sidelink resource pool. The sidelink resource pool may include resources for sidelink communication (transmission and / or reception), sidelink positioning (referred to as the resource pool for positioning (RP-P)), or both communication and positioning. A resource pool configured for both communication and positioning is called a “shared” resource pool. In a shared resource pool, the RP-P is indicated by offset, periodicity, the number of consecutive symbols within the time slot (e.g., as few as one symbol), and / or bandwidth within the component carriers (or bandwidth across multiple component carriers). Furthermore, the RP-P may be associated with a region or distance from a reference location.

[0120] A base station (or UE, depending on the resource allocation mode) may allocate one or more resource configurations from the RP-P to another UE. Additionally or alternatively, a UE (e.g., a relay or remote UE) may request one or more RP-P configurations, and it may include one or more of the following in the request: (1) its location information (or area identifier); (2) periodicity; (3) bandwidth; (4) offset; (5) number of symbols; and (6) whether a configuration with “low interference” is required (which can be determined by the assigned quality of service (QoS) or priority).

[0121] The base station or UE can configure / assign rate-matching resources or RP-Ps to the sidelink UE for rate matching and / or silencing. This ensures that when the assigned resource conflicts with another resource pool containing data (PSSCH) and / or control (PSCCH), the sidelink UE is expected to rate match, silence, and / or puncture the data, DMRS, and / or CSI-RS within the conflicting resource. This achieves orthogonality between positioning and data transmission to increase PRS signal coverage.

[0122] Figure 6 Figure 600 illustrates an example of a location-based resource pool configured within a sidelink resource pool (i.e., a shared resource pool) for communication, according to various aspects of this disclosure. Figure 6In the example, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically. In the time domain, the length of each block is one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and these 14 symbols form a time slot. In the frequency domain, the height of each block is a sub-channel.

[0123] exist Figure 6 In the example, the entire time slot (excluding the first and last symbols) can be a resource pool for sidelink communication. That is, any symbol other than the first and last symbols can be allocated for sidelink communication. However, the RP-P is allocated in the last four pre-gap symbols of the time slot. Thus, non-sidelink positioning data (such as user data (PSSCH), CSI-RS, and control information) can only be transmitted in the first eight AGC symbols, and not in the last four pre-gap symbols to prevent conflicts with the configured RP-P. Non-sidelink positioning data that would normally be transmitted in the last four pre-gap symbols can be punched or silenced, or non-sidelink data that would typically span more than eight AGC symbols can be rate-matched to accommodate those eight AGC symbols.

[0124] Sidelink Positioning Reference Signal (SL-PRS) has been defined to implement sidelink positioning procedures between UEs. Similar to the downlink PRS (DL-PRS), an SL-PRS resource comprises one or more resource elements (i.e., an OFDM symbol in the time domain and a subcarrier in the frequency domain). SL-PRS resources are designed with a comb-based pattern to enable Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) based processing at the receiver. SL-PRS resources include non-interleaved or only partially interleaved resource elements in the frequency domain to provide small Time of Arrival (TOA) uncertainties and reduced overhead per SL-PRS resource. SL-PRS can also be associated with specific RP-Ps (e.g., some SL-PRSs can be allocated in certain RP-Ps). SL-PRS is also defined as having intra-slot repetition ( Figure 6 (not shown in the image) to allow combined gains (if needed). RP-P inter-UE coordination may also exist to provide dynamic SL-PRS and data multiplexing while minimizing SL-PRS conflicts.

[0125] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating example sidelink resource reservations for transmission or retransmission in sidelink communication according to various aspects of this disclosure. Figure 7 In the example shown, time is represented horizontally, and frequency is represented vertically. Figure 7 In this context, each block corresponds to a timeslot in the time domain and a subchannel in the frequency domain. In some aspects, each reserved resource may be allocated in the frequency domain as one or more subchannels and limited to a timeslot in the time domain. For example... Figure 7As shown in the non-limiting example, the UE can obtain information about resources that have been reserved or have not been reserved within the selection window, and can obtain information about the number of sub-channels that the UE has been allocated. The UE can reserve one or more resources within the selection window from the resources that have not been reserved, based on the number of sub-channels that the UE has been allocated.

[0126] For example, a first UE may use first resource 712 to receive a first Phase 1 Side Link Control Information (SCI-1) message and select reserved resources 714 and 716 for transmission and / or retransmission based on the constraints and conditions provided in the first SCI-1 message. Each of resources 712, 714, and 716 may occupy one time slot in the time domain and one subchannel in the frequency domain. Furthermore, in this non-limiting example, a second UE may use second resource 722 to receive a second SCI-1 message and select and reserve resources 724 and 726 for transmission and / or retransmission based on the constraints and conditions provided in the second SCI-1 message. Each of resources 722, 724, and 726 may occupy one time slot in the time domain and two subchannels in the frequency domain.

[0127] In some aspects, sidelink resource pools that can be used for positioning can be classified into two types: dedicated resource pools dedicated to SL-PRS (including the transmission of SL-PRS and potentially other signals / channels required for positioning) and shared resource pools shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication. In some aspects, the examples described in this disclosure are applicable to sidelink resource pools that are dedicated resource pools. In some aspects, the examples described in this disclosure can be modified to work with shared resource pools.

[0128] In some aspects, the sidelink resource pool for positioning can be arranged to support a first mode, allowing multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot and per frequency band in an in-slot time-division multiplexing (TDM) manner. According to the first mode, SL-PRS from different wireless communication devices can be transmitted within time slots in a given frequency band. In some aspects, the sidelink resource pool for positioning can be arranged to support a second mode, allowing a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot and per frequency band. In some aspects, the sidelink resource pool for positioning can be arranged to support both the first and second modes.

[0129] In some respects, the frequency band described in this disclosure may be one or more physical resource blocks or one or more sub-channels.

[0130] In some respects, the first mode may also be referred to as TDM-based multiplexing of SL-PRS, in-slot TDM of SL-PRS, or in-slot TDM of sidelink resources. In some respects, in-slot TDM of sidelink resources may be supported for at least dedicated resource pools. In some respects, in-slot TDM of sidelink resources may also be supported for shared resource pools.

[0131] In some aspects, further research and / or discussion can be conducted regarding implementation details, such as resource granularity and its relationship with sidelink control information (SCI) and / or PSCCH associated with SL-PRS resources, additional AGC symbols, etc. In other aspects, further research and / or discussion can be conducted regarding limitations on the configuration of in-slot TDM for sidelink resources, the resource allocation scheme to be used, and / or whether the in-slot TDM functionality of sidelink resources can be configured as a separate UE capability.

[0132] Figure 8A The first example 800A of TDM within a time slot of SL-PRS resources in a resource pool according to various aspects of this disclosure is explained. Figure 8A In the example 800A shown, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically.

[0133] Example 800A illustrates two resource segments within a resource pool. These two resource segments may occupy frequency band 812 in the frequency domain (e.g., a set of frequency resources spanning the band continuously or in a comb-tooth pattern) and two corresponding time slots 822 and 826 in the time domain. In some aspects, when Figure 8A When the resource segmentation depicted supports the first mode (i.e., intra-slot TDM of SL-PRS resources), each time slot 822 and 826 can be further divided into sub-slots or mini-slots 822a, 822b, 826a, and 826b. In some aspects, each of the mini-slots 822a, 822b, and 826b may begin with a PSCCH resource followed by another PSCCH resource. In Example 800A, mini-slot 822a may include PSCCH resources 832 and 842; mini-slot 822b may include PSCCH resources 834 and 844; and mini-slot 826b may include PSCCH resources 836 and 846. In Example 800A, the resources within mini-slot 826a may not yet be reserved or used.

[0134] In Example 800A, PSCCH resource 832 can be used to transmit a reserved sidelink control channel transmission indicating PSCCH resource 842. Furthermore, PSCCH resource 834 can be used by a first wireless communication device (e.g., a UE as described in this disclosure) to transmit a reserved sidelink control channel transmission indicating PSCCH resource 836 in another time slot 826. In some aspects, a second wireless communication device (e.g., a UE as described in this disclosure) not configured to support SL-PRS resources within a time slot for TDM may not be able to correctly receive or decode PSCCH resource 834 located at the beginning of a mini-time slot (e.g., mini-time slot 822b) but not at the beginning of a time slot (e.g., time slot 822). In this scenario, the second wireless communication device not configured to support SL-PRS resources within a time slot for TDM may be unaware of the reservation of PSCCH resource 836 and may incorrectly treat time slot 826 as available, potentially leading to unintended conflicts with PSCCH resource 836 reserved by the first wireless communication device.

[0135] Figure 8B A second example 800B of TDM within a time slot of SL-PRS resources in a resource pool, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is explained. Figure 8B In the example 800B shown, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically.

[0136] Example 800B illustrates two resource segments within a resource pool. These two resource segments may occupy frequency band 813 in the frequency domain (e.g., a set of frequency resources spanning the band continuously or in a comb-tooth pattern) and two corresponding time slots 823 and 827 in the time domain. Compared to Example 800A, although... Figure 8B The resource segmentation depicted also supports the first mode (i.e., intra-slot TDM for sidelink resources), but slots 823 and 827 are not further subdivided into sub-slots or mini-slots. In Example 800B, slot 823 may include PSCCH resources 833 and 833 using different portions of frequency band 813, as well as PSCCH resources 843 and 845; and slot 827 may include PSCCH resources 837 and 847.

[0137] In Example 800B, PSCCH resource 835 can be used to transmit sidelink control channel transmissions indicating the reservation of PSCCH resource 845 in time slot 823 and PSCCH resource 847 in time slot 827. In some aspects, a second wireless communication device in time slot TDM not configured to support SL-PRS resources can recognize and decode PSCCH resource 833, but may not be able to correctly receive or decode PSCCH resource 835, which may occupy the same time interval in the time domain as PSCCH resource 833, but may use a subcarrier with a higher index than that used by PSCCH resource 833. In this scenario, the second wireless communication device in time slot TDM not configured to support SL-PRS resources may be unaware of the reservation of PSCCH resources 845 and 847, and may incorrectly consider time slot 827 available, potentially leading to undesirable conflicts with at least PSCCH resource 847 reserved by the first wireless communication device.

[0138] In some respects, given a sidelink resource pool is at least partially configured to support in-slot TDM of SL-PRS resources, some wireless communication devices using the sidelink resource pool can reserve and / or identify resource reservations based on in-slot TDM of the sidelink resources, while other wireless communication devices using the sidelink resource pool can reserve and / or identify resource reservations even if in-slot TDM of the sidelink resources is not supported. (See reference...) Figures 8A-8B The conflict discussed may occur when unsupported wireless communication devices cannot correctly identify the reservation of resources by TDM within a time slot based on sidelink resources.

[0139] Therefore, in order to further improve the compatibility between wireless communication devices that support in-slot TDM with sidelink resources and wireless communication devices that do not support in-slot TDM with sidelink resources, various embodiments are further explained in this disclosure below.

[0140] In some aspects, in-slot TDM transmissions based on sidelink resources may be permitted only within a subset of the resource pool. In some aspects, the resource pool includes a first subset configured to support a first mode (i.e., supporting in-slot TDM with sidelink resources). In some aspects, the resource pool may further include a second subset configured to support a second mode (i.e., not supporting in-slot TDM with sidelink resources). The subset configured to support in-slot TDM with sidelink resources may be specified or (pre)configured. In some aspects, (pre)configuration may specify the subset configured to support in-slot TDM with eight sidelink resources based on bit mappings or indications of a set of one or more periodic resources.

[0141] In some aspects, wireless communication devices may be configured to support a second mode (and not configured to support in-slot TDM of sidelink resources, or referred to as "unsupported wireless communication devices"). In some aspects, unsupported wireless communication devices may be configured or permitted to transmit or reserve sidelink resources within a third subset of the resource pool that is complementary to a first subset of the resource pool (e.g., that supports in-slot TDM of sidelink resources), within a fourth subset of the resource pool that is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool, or within sidelink resources used for sidelink transmission throughout the entire resource pool. In some aspects, the behavior of unsupported wireless communication devices may be specified or controlled based on (pre)configuration.

[0142] In some aspects, a wireless communication device may be configured to support a first mode (i.e., it supports in-slot TDM of sidelink resources, or is referred to as a "supported wireless communication device"). In some aspects, if there is a reservation of resources in the same time slot, and the associated control signal for the reservation can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices (i.e., supported and unsupported wireless communication devices) using a resource pool, then the supported wireless communication device may be configured or permitted to transmit or reserve the sidelink resource in a location where another wireless communication device not configured to support in-slot TDM of sidelink resources cannot receive or properly decode the associated control signal.

[0143] For example, in some aspects, a wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve a sidelink resource in a sidelink resource used for sidelink transmission based on a previous sidelink resource corresponding to a frequency band and reserved in a portion of a time slot (e.g., occupying a set of frequency resources across the frequency band continuously or in a comb-tooth mode), and the reservation of the previous sidelink resource has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission, which can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether it supports a first mode or a second mode. In some aspects, the sidelink resource may be reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support a first mode. In some aspects, this limitation may be applied separately to transmission or reservation.

[0144] In some respects, wireless communication devices can determine whether a previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the OFDM symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0145] Figure 9 The third example 900 of TDM within a time slot of SL-PRS resources in a resource pool according to various aspects of this disclosure is explained. Figure 9 In the example 900 shown, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically.

[0146] Example 900 illustrates a resource segment within a resource pool. A resource segment may occupy a frequency band 912 in the frequency domain (e.g., a set of frequency resources that spans the band continuously or in a comb-tooth pattern) and a time slot 922 in the time domain. In Example 900, time slot 922 may include PSCCH resources 932 and 934, and PSCCH resources 942 and 944. In this example, PSCCH resource 932 is located at the beginning of time slot 922, and PSCCH resource 934 is not located at the beginning of time slot 922.

[0147] In Example 900, control channel transmissions using PSCCH resource 932 can be received or decoded by all types of wireless communication devices because the OFDM symbols used by PSCCH resource 932 are located at the beginning of time slot 922. However, control channel transmissions using PSCCH resource 934 can be received or decoded by wireless communication devices configured to support the first mode, but may not be received or decoded by wireless communication devices configured to support the second mode because the OFDM symbols used by PSCCH resource 934 are not located at the beginning of time slot 922.

[0148] In some respects, for a wireless communication device configured to support the second mode (and not configured to support in-slot TDM with sidelink resources, or "unsupported wireless communication device"), possible reservations or transmissions can be correctly detected based on PSCCH resource 932, and an entire time slot (e.g., time slot 922, or another time slot specified by PSCCH resource 932) can be marked as reserved. In this scenario, the unsupported communication device is unlikely to attempt to use a reserved time slot marked in the second mode. Meanwhile, a wireless communication device configured to support the first mode (i.e., supporting in-slot TDM with sidelink resources, or "supported wireless communication device") can determine that a portion of the reserved time slot marked in the second mode is still considered available in the first mode, and the supported wireless device can use the available portion in the first mode without the risk of conflict with transmissions from the unsupported wireless communication device.

[0149] In some respects, the indication of a time slot for SL-PRS transmission can be signaled separately from the indication of resources(s) within the time slot for SL-PRS transmission. Figure 10 The fourth example 1000 of TDM within a time slot of SL-PRS resources in a resource pool according to various aspects of this disclosure is explained. Figure 10 In the example 1000 shown, time is represented horizontally and frequency is represented vertically.

[0150] Example 1000 illustrates a resource segment within a resource pool. A resource segment may occupy a frequency band 1012 in the frequency domain (e.g., a set of frequency resources spanning the band continuously or in a comb-tooth pattern) and a time slot 1022 in the time domain. In Example 1000, time slot 1022 may include PSCCH resources 1032 and PSCCH resources 1042 and 1044. In this example, the reservation of PSCCH resource 1044 may be specified based on time slot reservation information and separately provided intra-time slot reservation information. The time slot reservation information may indicate a time slot (e.g., time slot 1022) that includes PSCCH resource 1044, and the intra-time slot reservation information may indicate the portion of the time slot that includes PSCCH resource 1044. Figure 10 As shown, time slot reservation information can be provided via a side-link control channel using PSCCH resource 1032. In some aspects, time slot reservation information can be provided by control message 1052.

[0151] For example, a wireless communication device may use PSCCH resource 1032 to transmit sidelink control channel transmissions. PSCCH resource 1032 includes: a first data field indicating a time slot for the sidelink resource (i.e., time slot reservation information); and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the time slot for the sidelink resource (i.e., in-slot reservation information). Here, control message 1052 can actually be a data field in a sidelink control channel transmission using PSCCH resource 1032. In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission may be an SCI-1 message. In some aspects, time slot reservation information may be indicated in the SCI-1 message based on a time resource allocation information data field in the SCI-1 message, which can be recognized by all types of wireless communication devices. In some aspects, in-slot reservation information may be indicated in the SCI-1 message based on an in-slot resource allocation information data field added to the SCI-1 message, which may not be recognized by wireless communication devices not configured to support in-slot TDM for sidelink resources. However, for the purpose of avoiding conflicts, wireless communication devices that are not configured to support sidelink resources within a time slot for TDM can still mark the entire time slot as inverted based on time slot reservation information.

[0152] In some aspects, wireless communication devices may transmit sidelink control channel transmissions indicating time slots for sidelink resources, and transmit separate control messages indicating reserved portions within those time slots for the sidelink resources. In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmissions may be SCI-1 messages, and the control messages may be SCI-2 messages. In some aspects, the control messages may be Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Sidelink Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Sidelink Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0153] In some respects, wireless communication devices not configured to support the first mode (i.e., in-slot TDM of sidelink resources) can ignore in-slot reservation information and can simply mark an entire slot as reserved based on the slot reservation information.

[0154] In some respects, all of the above examples can be implemented individually or in any combination thereof. In some respects, while the above examples are applicable to the reservation and transmission of SL-PRS, these examples can be modified to be applicable to the reservation and transmission of other types of reference signals and / or sidelink data communications.

[0155] Figure 11 An example method 1100 for operating a wireless communication device according to various aspects of this disclosure has been described. In some aspects, the wireless communication device in method 1100 may be a UE (e.g., any UE described herein). In one aspect, method 1100 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more processors 332, a memory 340, and / or a sidelink positioning component 342, any or all of which may be considered as means for performing the following operations of one or more methods 1100.

[0156] In operation 1110, the wireless communication device may transmit a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band (e.g., continuously or in comb-tooth mode occupying a set of frequency resources spanning the first frequency band) and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool. In some aspects, the resource pool may be configured to support a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in a time slot TDM manner, or to support a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band. In some aspects, the resource pool may be configured to support both the first and second modes.

[0157] In some respects, the resource pool can be a dedicated resource pool for SL-PRS, or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication. In some respects, the frequency band can include one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0158] In some aspects, the first sidelink transmission may be an SL-PRS transmission. In some aspects, the first sidelink transmission may be a sidelink data transmission. In some aspects, operation 1110 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or sidelink positioning components 342, any or all of these components may be considered as means for performing operation 1110.

[0159] In some aspects, the resource pool may include a first subset configured to support a first mode. In some aspects, the resource pool may further include a second subset configured to support a second mode. In some aspects, the wireless communication device may be configured to support a second mode for the resource pool, and the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources in a third subset of the resource pool that is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool, a fourth subset of the resource pool that is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool, or the entire first sidelink resources within the resource pool for first sidelink transmission.

[0160] In some aspects, the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources in first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission based on previous sidelink resources corresponding to a frequency band and reserved in a portion of a first time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resources has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether a first mode or a second mode is supported. In some aspects, the wireless communication device may determine whether the previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the OFDM symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission. In some aspects, the first sidelink resources may be reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0161] In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission may include a first data field indicating a first time slot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for first sidelink resources. In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the wireless communication device may further transmit a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for first sidelink resources. In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission may include an SCI-1 message, and the control message may include an SCI-2 message. In some aspects, the control message may include a MAC-CE message, an SLPP message, an RSPP message, an LPP message, or a PC5-RRC message.

[0162] In operation 1120, the wireless communication device may transmit a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources. In one aspect, operation 1120 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or sidelink positioning components 342, any or all of these components may be considered as means for performing operation 1120.

[0163] As will be understood, the technical advantage of method 1100 involves using resource-based in-slot TDM to transmit or reserve sidelink resources, while allowing unsupported wireless communication devices (which are not configured to support resource-based in-slot TDM) to correctly identify reserved slots. Accordingly, a mix of supported and unsupported wireless communication devices can be used with a resource pool configured to support resource-based in-slot TDM, while avoiding potential conflict risks.

[0164] Figure 12 Example method 1200 for operating a wireless communication device according to various aspects of this disclosure has been described. In some aspects, the wireless communication device in method 1200 may be a UE (e.g., any UE described herein). In one aspect, method 1200 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or sidelink positioning components 342, any or all of which may be considered as means for performing the following operations of one or more methods 1200.

[0165] In operation 1210, the wireless communication device may receive a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band (e.g., continuously or in comb-tooth mode occupying a set of frequency resources spanning the band) and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool. In some aspects, the resource pool may be configured to support a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in a time-slot TDM manner, or to support a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band. In some aspects, the resource pool may be configured to support both the first and second modes.

[0166] In some respects, the resource pool can be a dedicated resource pool for SL-PRS, or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication. In some respects, the frequency band can include one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0167] In some aspects, the first sidelink transmission may be an SL-PRS transmission. In other aspects, the first sidelink transmission may be a sidelink data transmission. In one aspect, operation 1210 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more processors 332, memory 340 and / or sidelink positioning components 342, any or all of these components may be considered as means for performing operation 1210.

[0168] In some aspects, the resource pool may include a first subset configured to support a first mode. In some aspects, the resource pool may further include a second subset configured to support a second mode. In some aspects, the wireless communication device may be configured to support a second mode for the resource pool, and the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve second sidelink resources in a third subset of the resource pool that is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool, a fourth subset of the resource pool that is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool, or the entire second sidelink resources within the resource pool for second sidelink transmission.

[0169] In some aspects, the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve second sidelink resources in a second time slot corresponding to the second frequency band and within a resource pool, based on previous sidelink resources corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in a portion of the second time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resources has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported. In some aspects, the wireless communication device may determine whether the previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the OFDM symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission. In some aspects, the second sidelink resources may be reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0170] In some respects, the first time slot may be the same as the second time slot, and the first frequency band may be the same as the second frequency band.

[0171] In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission may include a first data field indicating a first time slot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for first sidelink resources. In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the wireless communication device may further transmit a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for first sidelink resources. In some aspects, the sidelink control channel transmission may include an SCI-1 message, and the control message may include an SCI-2 message. In some aspects, the control message may include a MAC-CE message, an SLPP message, an RSPP message, an LPP message, or a PC5-RRC message.

[0172] In operation 1220, the wireless communication device may identify at least a portion of the resources of a first frequency band within a first time slot as reserved based on sidelink control channel transmission. In one aspect, operation 1220 may be performed by one or more WWAN transceivers 310, one or more processors 332, memory 340, and / or sidelink positioning components 342, any or all of which may be considered means for performing operation 1220.

[0173] As will be understood, the technical advantage of method 1200 involves using resource-based in-slot TDM to transmit or reserve sidelink resources, while allowing unsupported wireless communication devices (which are not configured to support resource-based in-slot TDM) to correctly identify reserved slots. Accordingly, a mix of supported and unsupported wireless communication devices can be used with a resource pool configured to support resource-based in-slot TDM, while avoiding potential conflict risks.

[0174] As can be seen in the detailed description above, different features are grouped together in the examples. This manner of disclosure should not be construed as an intention to include more features in the example clauses than are expressly mentioned in each clause. Rather, aspects of this disclosure may include fewer features than those in the individual example clauses disclosed. Therefore, the appended clauses should thus be considered as incorporated into this description, where each clause may be a separate example. Although each dependent clause may refer in its respective clause to a specific combination with one of the other clauses, the aspects of that dependent clause are not limited to that specific combination. It will be appreciated that other example clauses may also include combinations of aspects of the dependent clause with the subject matter of any other dependent or independent clause, or any feature combined with other dependent and independent clauses. The aspects disclosed herein expressly include these combinations unless explicitly stated or readily inferred that a particular combination is not intended (e.g., contradictory aspects, such as defining an element as both an electrical insulator and an electrical conductor). Furthermore, it is intended that aspects of a clause may be included in any other independent clause, even if that clause is not directly subordinate to that independent clause.

[0175] Examples of implementations are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0176] Clause 1. A method of operating a wireless communication device, the method comprising: transmitting a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and transmitting a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resource.

[0177] Clause 2. The method of Clause 1, wherein the first side link transmission is a side link positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

[0178] Clause 3. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 2, wherein the first sidelink transmission is sidelink data transmission.

[0179] Clause 4. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 3, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset, the first subset being configured to support the first mode.

[0180] Clause 5. The method of Clause 4, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset, the second subset being configured to support a second mode.

[0181] Clause 6. The method of any of Clauses 4 to 5, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in the following: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0182] Clause 7. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein: the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve the first sidelink resource in the first sidelink resource for the first sidelink transmission based on the previous sidelink resource corresponding to the frequency band and reserved in a portion of the first time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resource has been indicated in the previous sidelink control channel transmission, which can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0183] Clause 8. The method of Clause 7 further includes: determining whether the previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0184] Clause 9. The method of any of Clauses 7 to 8, wherein: the first side link resources may be reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0185] Clause 10. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 9, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0186] Clause 11. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 10, wherein: the side link control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the method further includes: transmitting a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first side link resource.

[0187] Clause 12. The method of Clause 11, wherein: the side link control channel transmission includes a first-phase side link control information (SCI-1) message.

[0188] Clause 13. The method of Clause 11, wherein the control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0189] Clause 14. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 13, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication.

[0190] Clause 15. The method of any of Clauses 1 to 14, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0191] Clause 16. A method of operating a wireless communication device, the method comprising: receiving a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and identifying at least a portion of the resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

[0192] Clause 17. The method of Clause 16, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

[0193] Clause 18. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 17, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for sidelink data transmission.

[0194] Clause 19. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 18, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset, the first subset being configured to support the first mode.

[0195] Clause 20. The method of Clause 19, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset, the second subset being configured to support a second mode.

[0196] Clause 21. The method of any of Clauses 19 to 20, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0197] Clause 22. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 20, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve second sidelink resources in second sidelink resources corresponding to the second frequency band and in a second time slot of the resource pool based on previous sidelink resources corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in a portion of the second time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resources has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0198] Clause 23. The method of Clause 22 further includes: determining whether the previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0199] Clause 24. The method of any of Clauses 22 to 23, wherein: the second-side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0200] Clause 25. The method of any of Clauses 22 to 24, wherein: the first time slot is the same as the second time slot, and the first frequency band is the same as the second frequency band.

[0201] Clause 26. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 25, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0202] Clause 27. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 26, wherein: the side link control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the method further includes: receiving a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first side link resource.

[0203] Clause 28. The method of Clause 27, wherein: the side link control channel transmission includes a first-phase side link control information (SCI-1) message.

[0204] Clause 29. The method of Clause 27, wherein the control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0205] Clause 30. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 29, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication.

[0206] Clause 31. The method of any of Clauses 16 to 30, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0207] Clause 32. A wireless communication device comprising: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors being individually or in combination configured to: transmit a sidelink control channel transmission via the one or more transceivers to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and to transmit the first sidelink transmission via the one or more transceivers based on the first sidelink resource.

[0208] Clause 33. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 32, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

[0209] Clause 34. A wireless device such as any of Clauses 32 to 33, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink data transmission.

[0210] Clause 35. A wireless device such as any of Clauses 32 to 34, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset configured to support a first mode.

[0211] Clause 36. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 35, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset configured to support a second mode.

[0212] Clause 37. A wireless device as described in any of Clauses 35 to 36, wherein the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in the following: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0213] Clause 38. A wireless device as described in any of Clauses 32 to 36, wherein the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve a first sidelink resource in a first sidelink resource for a first sidelink transmission based on a previous sidelink resource corresponding to a frequency band and reserved in a portion of a first time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resource has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0214] Clause 39. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 38, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine whether a previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0215] Clause 40. A wireless device such as any of Clauses 38 to 39, wherein the first-side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the second mode.

[0216] Clause 41. A wireless device of any of Clauses 32 to 40, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0217] Clause 42. A wireless device of any of Clauses 32 to 41, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the one or more processors are further configured to: transmit a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first sidelink resource.

[0218] Clause 43. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 42, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes a first-phase sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

[0219] Clause 44. Wireless communication equipment as described in Clause 42, wherein the control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0220] Clause 45. A wireless device such as any of Clauses 32 to 44, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communications.

[0221] Clause 46. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 32 to 45, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0222] Clause 47. A wireless communication device comprising: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors being individually or in combination configured to: receive a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device via the one or more transceivers, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and to identify at least a portion of the resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

[0223] Clause 48. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 47, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for the transmission of a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS).

[0224] Clause 49. A wireless communication device such as that of any of Clauses 47 to 48, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for sidelink data transmission.

[0225] Clause 50. A wireless communication device such as those in Clauses 47 to 49, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset configured to support a first mode.

[0226] Clause 51. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 50, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset configured to support a second mode.

[0227] Clause 52. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 50 to 51, wherein the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in the following: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0228] Clause 53. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 47 to 51, wherein the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve second sidelink resources in a second sidelink resource in a second time slot corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in a second time slot based on previous sidelink resources corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in a second time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resources has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0229] Clause 54. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 53, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine whether a previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0230] Clause 55. A wireless communication device such as those in Clauses 53 to 54, wherein the second-side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator that indicates the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0231] Clause 56. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 53 to 55, wherein the first time slot is the same as the second time slot and the first frequency band is the same as the second frequency band.

[0232] Clause 57. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 47 to 56, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0233] Clause 58. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 47 to 57, wherein a sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the one or more processors are further configured to: receive a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first sidelink resource.

[0234] Clause 59. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 58, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes a first-phase sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

[0235] Clause 60. Wireless communication equipment as described in Clause 58, wherein the control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0236] Clause 61. Wireless communication equipment of any of Clauses 47 to 60, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication.

[0237] Clause 62. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 47 to 61, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0238] Clause 63. A wireless communication device comprising: means for transmitting a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and means for transmitting the first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resource.

[0239] Clause 64. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 63, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

[0240] Clause 65. A wireless communication device such as that of any of Clauses 63 to 64, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink data transmission.

[0241] Clause 66. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 63 to 65, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset configured to support a first mode.

[0242] Clause 67. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 66, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset configured to support a second mode.

[0243] Clause 68. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 66 to 67, wherein the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in the following: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0244] Clause 69. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 63 to 67, wherein the wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve a first sidelink resource in a first sidelink resource for a first sidelink transmission based on a previous sidelink resource corresponding to a frequency band and reserved in a portion of a first time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resource has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0245] Clause 70. The wireless communication apparatus of Clause 69 further includes: means for determining whether a previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication apparatus based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0246] Clause 71. A wireless communication device such as those in Clauses 69 to 70, wherein the first-side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the second mode.

[0247] Clause 72. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 63 to 71, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0248] Clause 73. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 63 to 72, wherein a sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the wireless communication device further includes means for transmitting a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first sidelink resource.

[0249] Clause 74. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 73, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes a first-phase sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

[0250] Clause 75. Wireless communication equipment as described in Clause 73, wherein the control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0251] Clause 76. Wireless communication equipment as described in any of Clauses 63 to 75, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication.

[0252] Clause 77. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 63 to 76, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0253] Clause 78. A wireless communication device comprising: means for receiving a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and means for identifying at least a portion of the resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

[0254] Clause 79. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 78, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for the transmission of a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS).

[0255] Clause 80. A wireless communication device such as that of any of Clauses 78 to 79, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for sidelink data transmission.

[0256] Clause 81. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 78 to 80, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset configured to support a first mode.

[0257] Clause 82. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 81, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset configured to support a second mode.

[0258] Clause 83. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 81 to 82, wherein the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in the following: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0259] Clause 84. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 78 to 82, wherein the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve second sidelink resources in a second sidelink resource in a second time slot corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in a portion of a second time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resource has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0260] Clause 85. The wireless communication apparatus of Clause 84 further includes: means for determining whether a previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication apparatus based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission.

[0261] Clause 86. A wireless communication device such as those in Clauses 84 to 85, wherein the second-side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0262] Clause 87. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 84 to 86, wherein the first time slot is the same as the second time slot and the first frequency band is the same as the second frequency band.

[0263] Clause 88. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 78 to 87, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0264] Clause 89. A wireless communication device of any of Clauses 78 to 88, wherein a sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot, and the wireless communication device further includes means for receiving a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first sidelink resource.

[0265] Clause 90. A wireless communication device as described in Clause 89, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes a first-phase sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

[0266] Clause 91. Wireless communication equipment as described in Clause 89, wherein control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0267] Clause 92. Wireless communication equipment of any of Clauses 78 to 91, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communication.

[0268] Clause 93. A wireless communication device as described in any of Clauses 78 to 92, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0269] Clause 94. A non-transient computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a wireless communication device, cause the wireless communication device to: transmit a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode that allows multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in a time-division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode that allows a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and transmitting the first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resource.

[0270] Clause 95. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 94, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

[0271] Clause 96. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 94 to 95, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink data transmission.

[0272] Clause 97. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 94 to 96, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset configured to support a first mode.

[0273] Clause 98. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 97, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset configured to support a second mode.

[0274] Clause 99. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as those in Clauses 97 to 98, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0275] Clause 100. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 94 to 98, wherein: a wireless communication device may be configured to transmit or reserve a first sidelink resource in a first sidelink resource for a first sidelink transmission based on a previous sidelink resource corresponding to a frequency band and reserved in a portion of a first time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resource has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether a first mode or a second mode is supported.

[0276] Clause 101. The non-transient computer-readable medium of Clause 100 further includes, when executed by the wireless communication device, computer-executable instructions that cause the wireless communication device to perform the following operations: determine, based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission, whether the previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices.

[0277] Clause 102. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 100 to 101, wherein: the first side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the second mode.

[0278] Clause 103. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 94 to 102, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0279] Clause 104. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in any of Clauses 94 to 103, wherein: a sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot; and the non-transient computer-readable medium further includes computer-executable instructions, when executed by the wireless communication device, to cause the wireless communication device to perform the following operation: transmit a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first sidelink resource.

[0280] Clause 105. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 104, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission includes a Phase 1 Sidelink Control Information (SCI-1) message.

[0281] Clause 106. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 104, wherein control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0282] Clause 107. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 94 to 106, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communications.

[0283] Clause 108. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 94 to 107, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0284] Clause 109. A non-transient computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a wireless communication device, cause the wireless communication device to: receive a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating the reservation of a first sidelink resource, wherein the first sidelink resource corresponds to a first frequency band and is scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to allow multiple wireless communication devices to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in an in-slot time division multiplexing (TDM) manner; or a second mode to allow a single wireless communication device to reserve sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and to identify at least a portion of the resources of the first frequency band within the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

[0285] Clause 110. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 109, wherein the first sidelink resource is used for transmission of a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS).

[0286] Clause 111. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 110, wherein the first sidelink resource is for sidelink data transmission.

[0287] Clause 112. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 111, wherein the resource pool comprises: a first subset configured to support a first mode.

[0288] Clause 113. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 112, wherein the resource pool includes: a second subset configured to support a second mode.

[0289] Clause 114. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 112 to 113, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to support a second mode for a resource pool, and the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve first sidelink resources for first sidelink transmission in: a third subset of the resource pool, which is complementary to the first subset of the resource pool; a fourth subset of the resource pool, which is configured separately from the first or third subset of the resource pool; or the entire resource pool.

[0290] Clause 115. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 113, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to transmit or reserve second sidelink resources in a second sidelink resource corresponding to the second frequency band and in a second time slot of a resource pool based on previous sidelink resources corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in a portion of a second time slot, and the reservation of the previous sidelink resources has been indicated in a previous sidelink control channel transmission that can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices, regardless of whether the first mode or the second mode is supported.

[0291] Clause 116. The non-transient computer-readable medium of Clause 115 further includes, when executed by the wireless communication device, computer-executable instructions that cause the wireless communication device to perform the following operations: determine, based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols used in the previous sidelink control channel transmission, whether the previous sidelink control channel transmission can be decoded by all types of wireless communication devices.

[0292] Clause 117. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 115 to 116, wherein: the second side link resources are reserved based on an enable indicator indicating that the wireless communication device is configured to support the first mode.

[0293] Clause 118. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 115 to 117, wherein: the first time slot is the same as the second time slot, and the first frequency band is the same as the second frequency band.

[0294] Clause 119. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 118, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating a first timeslot, and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first timeslot for a first sidelink resource.

[0295] Clause 120. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 119, wherein: a sidelink control channel transmission indicates a first time slot; and the non-transient computer-readable medium further includes computer-executable instructions, when executed by the wireless communication device, to cause the wireless communication device to perform the following operation: receiving a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for a first sidelink resource.

[0296] Clause 121. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 120, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission includes a Phase 1 Sidelink Control Information (SCI-1) message.

[0297] Clause 122. A non-transient computer-readable medium as described in Clause 120, wherein control messages include: Media Access Control Layer Control Element (MAC-CE) messages, Side Link Positioning Protocol (SLPP) messages, Ranging / Side Link Positioning Protocol (RSPP) messages, Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, or PC5 Radio Resource Control (PC5-RRC) messages.

[0298] Clause 123. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 122, wherein the resource pool is: a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS; or a shared resource pool shared by SL-PRS and sidelink data communications.

[0299] Clause 124. A non-transient computer-readable medium such as any of Clauses 109 to 123, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks, or one or more sub-channels.

[0300] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and skills. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0301] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described above in a generalized manner in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0302] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), ASIC, field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0303] The methods, sequences, and / or algorithms described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of both. The software module may reside in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. Example storage media are coupled to a processor so that the processor can read and write information from / to the storage medium. In alternatives, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal (e.g., a UE). In alternatives, the processor and storage medium may reside as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0304] In one or more example aspects, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on or through a computer-readable medium. A computer-readable medium includes both computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A storage medium may be any available medium accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a computer. Any connection is also legitimately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then such coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used in this article, disks and discs include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital multi-purpose discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of these should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0305] While the foregoing disclosure has illustrated illustrative aspects of this disclosure, it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions in the method claims according to the aspects of this disclosure described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of this disclosure may be described or claimed in the singular, pluralism is also contemplated unless explicitly stated to be limited to the singular.

Claims

1. A method of operating a wireless communication device, the method comprising: transmitting, to one or more peer wireless communication devices, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band per time slot in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner by a plurality of wireless communication devices; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band by one wireless communication device; and transmitting a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the resource pool is configured to support the first mode and the second mode.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to transmit in or reserve the first sidelink resources for the first sidelink transmission based on a prior sidelink resource corresponding to the frequency band and reserved in a portion of the first time slot, and the reservation of the prior sidelink resource has been indicated in a prior sidelink control channel transmission decodable by all types of wireless communication devices; wherein the method further comprises: determining whether the prior sidelink control channel transmission is decodable by all types of wireless communication devices based on an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol used by the prior sidelink control channel transmission.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission comprises: a first data field indicating the first time slot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resources.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission indicates the first time slot; and the method further comprises transmitting a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resources.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission comprises a first stage sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the resource pool is a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks; or one or more sub-channels.

10. A method of operating a wireless communication device, the method comprising: receiving, from a peer wireless communication device, a sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, wherein the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band per time slot in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner by a plurality of wireless communication devices; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band by one wireless communication device; and transmitting a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources. a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in a time slot by time division multiplexing (TDM) by multiple wireless communication devices per time slot per frequency band; or a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band by one wireless communication device per time slot per frequency band; and identify at least a portion of resources of the first frequency band in the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first sidelink resources are for sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmissions.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the resource pool is configured to support the first mode and the second mode.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to transmit in or reserve a second sidelink resource for a second sidelink transmission corresponding to a second frequency band and in a portion of a second time slot based on a prior sidelink resource corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in the portion of the second time slot, and the reservation of the prior sidelink resource has been indicated in a prior sidelink control channel transmission decodable by all types of wireless communication devices, wherein the method further comprises: determining whether the prior sidelink control channel transmission is decodable by all types of wireless communication devices based on an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol used by the prior sidelink control channel transmission.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission comprises: a first data field indicating the first time slot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resources.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission indicates the first time slot; and the method further comprises receiving a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resources.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission comprises a first stage sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the resource pool is a dedicated resource pool dedicated to SL-PRS.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the frequency band comprises: one or more physical resource blocks; or one or more sub-channels.

19. A wireless communication device, comprising: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors, individually or in combination, configured to: ​ ​ transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a sidelink control channel transmission to one or more peer wireless communication devices, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, where the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, where the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation, by multiple wireless communication devices, of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner per time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation, by one wireless communication device, of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources.

20. The wireless communication device of claim 19, wherein the first sidelink transmission is a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

21. The wireless communication device of claim 19, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to transmit in or reserve the first sidelink resources for the first sidelink transmission based on a prior sidelink resource corresponding to the frequency band and reserved in a portion of the first time slot, and the reservation of the prior sidelink resource has been indicated in a prior sidelink control channel transmission decodable by all types of wireless communication devices; where the one or more processors are further configured to: determine whether the prior sidelink control channel transmission is decodable by all types of wireless communication devices based on an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol used by the prior sidelink control channel transmission.

22. The wireless communication device of claim 19, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating the first time slot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resources.

23. The wireless communication device of claim 19, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission indicates the first time slot; and the one or more processors are further configured to transmit a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resources.

24. The wireless communication device of claim 23, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission includes a first stage sidelink control information (SCI-1) message.

25. A wireless communication device, comprising: one or more memories; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors communicatively coupled to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, the one or more processors, individually or in combination, configured to: receive, via the one or more transceivers, a sidelink control channel transmission from a peer wireless communication device, the sidelink control channel transmission indicating a reservation of first sidelink resources, where the first sidelink resources correspond to a first frequency band and are scheduled within a first time slot of a resource pool, where the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation, by multiple wireless communication devices, of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner per time slot; or a second mode to permit reservation, by one wireless communication device, of sidelink resources per time slot per frequency band; and transmit, via the one or more transceivers, a first sidelink transmission based on the first sidelink resources. wherein the resource pool is configured to support: a first mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per frequency band per time slot in a time division multiplexed (TDM) manner per time slot by a plurality of wireless communication devices; a second mode to permit reservation of sidelink resources per frequency band per time slot by one wireless communication device; and identifying at least a portion of the first frequency band in the first time slot as reserved based on the sidelink control channel transmission.

26. The wireless communication device of claim 25, wherein the first sidelink resource is for a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmission.

27. The wireless communication device of claim 25, wherein: the wireless communication device is configured to transmit in or reserve a second sidelink resource for a second sidelink transmission corresponding to a second frequency band and in a portion of a second time slot based on a prior sidelink resource corresponding to the second frequency band and reserved in the portion of the second time slot, and the reservation of the prior sidelink resource has been indicated in a prior sidelink control channel transmission decodable by all types of wireless communication devices; wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: determine whether the prior sidelink control channel transmission is decodable by all types of wireless communication devices based on an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol used by the prior sidelink control channel transmission.

28. The wireless communication device of claim 25, wherein the sidelink control channel transmission includes: a first data field indicating the first time slot; and a second data field indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resource.

29. The wireless communication device of claim 25, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission indicates the first time slot; and the one or more processors are further configured to receive a control message indicating a reserved portion of the first time slot for the first sidelink resource.

30. The wireless communication device of claim 29, wherein: the sidelink control channel transmission includes a first stage sidelink control information (SCI-1) message. ​

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