A waste gas recovery column and a working method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to waste gas treatment technical field, disclose a kind of waste gas recovery tower, comprising: tower body, bottom side wall is equipped with inlet pipe, top is equipped with outlet pipe, side wall is evenly distributed manhole and is sealed by flange;Inside from bottom to top is equipped with successively: gas-liquid reaction section: including immersion in the liquid surface of liquid storage tank aeration assembly, located above the liquid surface rotary spray assembly, both reverse rotation linkage by planetary gear transmission mechanism, rotary spray assembly is driven by driving assembly, the present application is designed by gas spraying ring upward injection and liquid spraying ring downward showering reverse flow field, in combination with the bidirectional rotation mechanism of planetary gear transmission mechanism drive, liquid spraying ring and gas spraying ring continuously reverse rotation generates dynamic shear force, gas-liquid two-phase forms continuously updated contact interface in annular turbulent gap, significantly strengthen pollutant absorption efficiency, break through the mass transfer bottleneck of traditional spray tower.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a waste gas recovery tower and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The waste gas recovery tower is a key equipment in the industrial waste gas treatment system, widely used in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, coating industry, semiconductor manufacturing industry and other fields, mainly used for removing harmful gas components in waste gas, such as acid gas, organic volatile matter, dust particles, etc., to meet the environmental protection emission standard and realize the recycling of resources. Its basic working principle is to make the pollutants in the waste gas dissolved by the absorption liquid or to make the pollutants in the waste gas react chemically through the contact and reaction of gas-liquid two phases in the tower body, so as to achieve the purpose of purification. The common waste gas recovery tower mostly adopts the structure of packed tower or spray tower, which increases the gas-liquid contact area through the packing layer, or forms a liquid film with the rising gas flow through the nozzle to carry out mass transfer.

[0003] However, there are still some technical bottlenecks in the actual operation of the existing waste gas recovery tower, which affects its treatment efficiency and running stability. First of all, the traditional spray structure mostly adopts static nozzles, and the liquid is sprayed downward at a fixed angle to form a liquid curtain, and the gas passes through the packing layer or directly contacts with the liquid curtain from bottom to top. Because the flow directions of gas and liquid two phases are relatively fixed, the contact mode is single, which leads to low gas-liquid interface renewal rate, and easy to form local mass transfer saturation area, which limits the improvement of overall mass transfer efficiency. Especially when dealing with high concentration or insoluble pollutants, the mass transfer driving force is insufficient, which often needs to increase the tower height or improve the liquid-gas ratio, resulting in large equipment size and high energy consumption.

[0004] Secondly, the existing spray system generally faces the problem of nozzle blockage. In the long-term operation process, impurities in the absorption liquid, precipitates generated by reaction or particles carried by waste gas are easy to deposit in the nozzle outlet or internal flow channel, causing partial or complete blockage of the spray hole. Once the nozzle is blocked, it will lead to uneven distribution of the liquid curtain, forming "dry area" or "flow bias", which seriously affects the uniformity of gas-liquid contact and mass transfer effect. At the same time, the blockage problem increases the maintenance frequency and downtime of the equipment, reduces the continuous operation ability of the system. Although some equipment uses filtering devices or regular flushing measures, it is difficult to fundamentally solve the blockage risk in dynamic operation, especially when dealing with complex component waste gas.

[0005] In addition, the gas-liquid flow path design in the traditional structure is relatively simple, lacking active control means for flow field, making it difficult to realize deep mixing and efficient shearing of gas-liquid two phases, leading to mass transfer process limited by diffusion rate, and the overall purification efficiency is difficult to further improve. These problems restrict the development of existing waste gas recovery tower in terms of high efficiency, low energy consumption and long period stable operation, and it is urgent to optimize the gas-liquid mass transfer process through structural innovation to improve the equipment performance. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a waste gas recovery tower to solve the problems in the background.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a waste gas recovery tower, comprising:

[0008] The tower body is provided with an air inlet pipe at the bottom side wall and an air outlet pipe at the top, and the side wall is uniformly provided with manholes and sealed by flanges;

[0009] The inside is sequentially provided with:

[0010] The gas-liquid reaction section includes an aeration assembly immersed below the liquid surface of the liquid storage tank and a rotating spray assembly located above the liquid surface, both of which are reversely rotated and linked through a planetary gear transmission mechanism, and the rotating spray assembly is driven through a driving assembly;

[0011] The solid-phase adsorption section includes a detachable composite filler layer and an activated carbon layer;

[0012] The dampness-removing and drying section includes a demisting assembly and a drying assembly;

[0013] Among them:

[0014] The air outlet end of the aeration assembly is opposite to the spraying area of the rotating spray assembly;

[0015] The suction head of the rotating spray assembly extends to the liquid storage tank, and an anti-blocking assembly is externally provided;

[0016] The gas-liquid reaction section occupies 60%-70% of the height of the lower part of the tower body, and the solid-phase adsorption section and the dampness-removing and drying section are sequentially distributed upwards;

[0017] The sprayed liquid collected by the solid-phase adsorption section and the dampness-removing and drying section is returned to the liquid storage tank through a liquid collecting channel.

[0018] According to the above technical solutions, the rotating spray assembly comprises:

[0019] A hollow positioning column is vertically arranged in the center of the liquid storage tank through a first radial fixed rod, and is made of austenitic stainless steel;

[0020] A movable sleeve is sleeved outside the hollow positioning column;

[0021] A bottom suction rod is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column, and a suction head is arranged at the end, and the outer wall of the suction head is plated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer;

[0022] A nested annular liquid spraying member includes a plurality of coaxially sleeved liquid spraying rings, adjacent liquid spraying rings are connected through Y-shaped liquid communication rods, the innermost liquid spraying ring is connected to the hollow positioning column through a Y-shaped liquid communication rod, and the bottom of the liquid spraying ring is uniformly provided with liquid spraying holes;

[0023] The inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid communication rod is polished and coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layer.

[0024] According to the technical scheme, the aeration assembly and the rotating spraying assembly are arranged in cooperation, and the aeration assembly comprises:

[0025] The gas spraying rings are coaxially nested on the radial inner side of the liquid spraying rings;

[0026] The adjacent gas spraying rings are connected through the gas communication rods;

[0027] The gas spraying holes are axially inclined to spray upward;

[0028] The liquid spraying holes are axially inclined to spray downward;

[0029] The annular turbulent flow gaps are formed between the gas spraying rings and the liquid spraying rings;

[0030] The aeration assembly is refined in structure, and the aeration assembly comprises:

[0031] The upper hollow nesting ring is coaxially sleeved in the gas spraying ring group and communicates with the gas spraying ring group;

[0032] The lower hollow nesting ring is coaxially sleeved at the bottom of the hollow positioning column and communicates with the gas inlet pipe;

[0033] The flow channels are circumferentially distributed between the upper hollow nesting ring and the lower hollow nesting ring.

[0034] According to the technical scheme, the planetary gear transmission mechanism comprises:

[0035] The sun gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the hollow positioning column and is made of nitriding alloy steel;

[0036] The gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve and is coaxially arranged with the sun gear, and the inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer;

[0037] The planetary gears are circumferentially distributed between the sun gear and the gear ring;

[0038] The planetary gear shaft is fixed at the bottom of the central rod, and the central rod is movably connected to the gas communication rod of the aeration assembly at the end;

[0039] The driving assembly comprises:

[0040] The gear box is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body through the second radiation fixing rod;

[0041] The driving motor is fixed to the outer wall of the tower body, and the output end is fixedly provided with the driving rod, and the end of the driving rod is fixedly provided with the first bevel gear;

[0042] The second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the upper side of the hollow positioning column through the fixing column and is meshingly connected with the first bevel gear.

[0043] According to the above technical solution, the anti-blocking assembly comprises:

[0044] The annular filter screen is spliced by two half cylinders through magnetic attraction, a silicone rubber sealing gasket is arranged at the splicing joint, the bottom is embedded in the sealing groove of the tower body and is provided with a magnetic sealing ring;

[0045] The spiral scraper is fixed to the inner wall of the half cylinder, and the blade edge of the spiral scraper is gap-fitted with the outer wall of the suction head.

[0046] According to the above technical solution, the composite filler layer comprises, from bottom to top:

[0047] The support grid is a three-dimensional wave-shaped grid bar, which is arranged in a radial staggered manner to form a diamond grid, and the surface of the grid bar is covered with an alumina ceramic layer;

[0048] The coarse-effect filter layer is a multilayer composite fiber mesh, which is mixed with glass fibers and L stainless steel wires, wave-shaped flow guide plates are arranged between the layers, and the fiber mesh has a decreasing pore size gradient from bottom to top;

[0049] The chemical absorption layer is a honeycomb ceramic carrier loaded with calcium oxide composite particles in the pores;

[0050] The adsorption reaction layer is a modified activated carbon module, the surface of which is grafted with a sulfide catalytic group, and an ultraviolet lamp tube is embedded in the carbon block.

[0051] According to the above technical solution, the activated carbon layer comprises:

[0052] The honeycomb activated carbon block is integrally formed with a periphery hastelloy frame, and the honeycomb pores are axially through;

[0053] The dovetail joint mechanism comprises an upper tenon and a lower mortise, and vertically clamps and fixes the activated carbon layer;

[0054] The water collecting tank is annularly distributed along the side wall of the activated carbon layer, and the bottom is connected with a titanium alloy drain pipe which penetrates through the side wall of the tower body and is connected with the liquid collecting channel of the damp-removing drying section.

[0055] According to the above technical solution, the damp-removing drying section comprises:

[0056] The baffle is a baffle.

[0057] The annularly arranged peripheral baffle vane extends above the water collecting tank;

[0058] The central closed concave baffle has a curved center point at the top of the structure, a flow guide slope is formed downward at the edge, flow guide flaps are evenly distributed around the edge, and the flow guide flaps are inserted into the peripheral baffle vane;

[0059] The wire mesh demister has a polydimethylsiloxane hydrophobic coating on the surface, and the edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collecting channel.

[0060] Liquid collection channel: inner lining polyethylene anticorrosion layer, the water outlet end is connected to the liquid storage tank.

[0061] According to the above technical scheme, the gas spraying ring fine structure:

[0062] The coaxially nested high-pressure inner cavity and low-pressure outer cavity have an elliptical cross section;

[0063] The high-pressure inner cavity and the low-pressure outer cavity are communicated through a porous pressure stabilizing partition plate;

[0064] Gas spraying hole fine structure:

[0065] The central main spray hole is radially inclined to the auxiliary spray hole, and the axis of the auxiliary spray hole and the axis of the central main spray hole form an acute angle;

[0066] Liquid spraying hole fine structure:

[0067] The nested double-layer conical spin configuration of the axial straight-through hole and the radial rotational flow groove;

[0068] The inner wall of the radial rotational flow groove is provided with a spiral flow guide rib.

[0069] A working method of a waste gas recovery tower, comprising the following steps:

[0070] a. Gas-liquid turbulent reaction:

[0071] The waste gas enters the gas-liquid reaction section from the gas inlet pipe, and is upwardly sprayed by the aeration assembly to form a reverse gas column;

[0072] The simultaneously rotating spray assembly sucks the absorption liquid in the liquid storage tank through the suction head, and sprays downwardly through the liquid spraying ring to form a liquid curtain;

[0073] The gas jet flow and the liquid spray flow collide in the annular turbulent gap, forming a multi-directional turbulent mixed phase;

[0074] b. Reverse rotation coordination:

[0075] The driving assembly drives the rotating spray assembly to rotate around the shaft;

[0076] The planetary gear transmission mechanism converts the rotating motion into the reverse rotation of the aeration assembly;

[0077] The liquid spraying ring and the gas spraying ring continuously rotate in reverse, strengthening the gas-liquid interface renewal;

[0078] c. Anti-blocking circulation:

[0079] During the suction process of the suction head, the spiral scraper of the anti-blocking assembly rotates circumferentially to scrape off the adsorbent;

[0080] The annular filter screen magnetic attraction splicing surface adjusts the gap in real time to prevent large particles from entering;

[0081] d. Multistage adsorption purification:

[0082] The gas rises through the solid-phase adsorption section, sequentially passes through the physical interception, chemical absorption and catalytic degradation of the composite filler layer, and then enters the activated carbon layer for deep adsorption.

[0083] The water collecting tank collects saturated adsorption liquid and directs the flow through the drain pipe.

[0084] e. Gas-solid separation and regeneration:

[0085] The gas enters the moisture removal and drying section, and the center concave baffle of the baffle demister forces the liquid droplets to slide to the flow guide slope.

[0086] The liquid droplets are transferred to the peripheral baffle blades by the flow guide tongue, and finally flow into the water collecting tank.

[0087] The mist eliminator captures residual microdroplets, and the dry gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe.

[0088] f. Closed-loop liquid collection and recovery:

[0089] The liquid collected in the solid-phase adsorption section and the moisture removal and drying section flows into the liquid collection channel,

[0090] The liquid in the liquid collection channel returns to the liquid storage tank for regeneration and utilization.

[0091] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present application are:

[0092] (1) The present device significantly improves the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency through the innovative structural design of the gas-liquid reaction section. The gas spraying ring and the liquid spraying ring adopt a coaxial nested cavity and a reverse spraying layout, with the sharp angle intersection structure of the central main nozzle and the inclined auxiliary nozzle, which makes the gas flow form a spiral diffusion path when sprayed. The liquid spraying hole is formed by the nested double-layer cone spin structure of the axial straight hole and the radial spiral groove, which produces centrifugal atomization effect under the action of the spiral guide rib, forming a uniform and fine downward liquid curtain. The gas jet flow and the liquid spraying flow collide in the annular turbulent gap, producing high-strength shear and multi-directional turbulence, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact area, strengthening the pollutant dissolution and chemical reaction rate, and effectively improving the waste gas purification effect.

[0093] (2) The present device further optimizes the gas-liquid mixing dynamics process through the reverse rotation coordination mechanism. The driving assembly drives the rotating spraying assembly to rotate, and the planetary gear transmission mechanism converts the motion into the reverse rotation of the aeration assembly, realizing the continuous reverse rotation of the liquid spraying ring and the gas spraying ring. This motion mode breaks the limitations of traditional static spraying, constantly updates the gas-liquid interface, avoids local saturation or reaction stagnation, maintains efficient mass transfer state, and at the same time, the centrifugal force generated by rotation helps to remove deposits around the nozzle, reduces the risk of blockage, and ensures the stability and reliability of the system in long-term operation.

[0094] (3) The device is provided with a perfect anti-blocking circulation system, which significantly enhances the self-cleaning ability and operation continuity of the equipment. The spiral scraper arranged on the periphery of the suction head is synchronized with the rotation to scrape off the attached impurities, preventing the accumulation of adsorbed substances from affecting the liquid extraction efficiency. The annular filter screen adopts a magnetic attraction splicing structure, which is convenient for disassembly, cleaning and gap adjustment, effectively intercepting large particle impurities from entering the spraying system. This double protection mechanism controls the risk of blockage from the source, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, improves the degree of automation and the stability of long-term operation.

[0095] (4) The device constructs a multi-stage purification system in the solid phase adsorption section, realizing the gradient removal of pollutants. The composite filler layer integrates physical interception, chemical absorption and catalytic degradation functions, and gradually processes pollutants of different properties. The honeycomb structure of the activated carbon layer is integrally formed with a hastelloy frame, which has high specific surface area and structural strength, ensuring deep adsorption performance. The dovetail clamping mechanism realizes modular installation, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance. The water collecting tank and titanium alloy drain pipe form a corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant flow guide channel, which can timely discharge the saturated liquid generated during the adsorption process, prevent liquid accumulation from reducing the adsorption efficiency, and ensure the continuous and efficient work of the adsorption material.

[0096] (5) The device realizes efficient gas-solid separation and gas drying in the dryness removing and drying section. The center closed concave baffle and the peripheral baffle blade of the deflector cooperate to force the liquid droplets in the gas flow to slide along the guide slope and accurately transfer to the water collecting area through the guide tongue. The surface of the wire mesh demister is covered with a hydrophobic coating, which significantly reduces the adhesion of liquid droplets, effectively captures residual fine mist, ensures the high dryness of the outlet gas, avoids the influence of water carrying on the subsequent equipment or process, and improves the overall purification quality.

[0097] (6) The device establishes a closed-loop liquid recovery system, realizing resource recycling and environmentally friendly operation. The saturated liquid collected in the solid phase adsorption section and the condensate in the dryness removing and drying section are all collected into the liquid collecting channel, and then returned to the liquid storage tank through the channel lined with a corrosion-resistant layer. The absorption liquid can be regenerated and then reused in the spraying cycle, reducing the consumption of fresh liquid and the discharge of waste liquid, which not only reduces the operation cost, but also reduces the risk of secondary pollution, meeting the technical requirements of green and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0098] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and constitute a part of the specification, which together with the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the application, and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:

[0099] Figure 1 is the first perspective view of the application;

[0100] Figure 2 is the second perspective view of the application;

[0101] Figure 3 is a third perspective view of the present application;

[0102] Figure 4 is a fourth perspective view of the present application;

[0103] Figure 5 is a first partial perspective view of the present application;

[0104] Figure 6 is a second partial perspective view of the present application;

[0105] Figure 7 is a third partial perspective view of the present application;

[0106] Figure 8 is a fourth partial perspective view of the present application;

[0107] Figure 9 is a fifth partial perspective view of the present application;

[0108] Figure 10 is a sixth partial perspective view of the present application;

[0109] Figure 11 is a seventh partial perspective view of the present application;

[0110] Figure 12 is an eighth partial perspective view of the present application;

[0111] Figure 13 is a ninth partial perspective view of the present application;

[0112] Figure 14 is an enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 8

[0113] Figure 15 is an enlarged view of B in the present application; Figure 11

[0114] ​​In the figure: 100-tower body, 101-inlet pipe, 102-outlet pipe, 103-manhole, 104-flange, 200-gas-liquid reaction section, 201-liquid storage tank, 210-aeration assembly, 211-flow-through channel, 212-gas spraying ring, 2121-high-pressure inner cavity, 2122-low-pressure outer cavity, 2123-multi-hole pressure stabilizing partition, 213-gas communication rod, 214-gas spraying hole, 2141-central main spraying hole, 2142-inclined auxiliary spraying hole, 215-upper hollow nesting ring, 216-lower hollow nesting ring, 220-rotary spraying assembly, 221-suction head, 222-hollow positioning column, 223-movable sleeve, 224-first radial fixed rod, 225-liquid spraying ring, 226-Y-shaped liquid communication rod, 227-liquid spraying hole, 2271-axial straight-through channel, 2272-radial spiral flow channel, 2273-spiral flow guide rib, 228-bottom suction rod, 230-planetary gear transmission mechanism, 231-sun gear, 232-ring gear, 233-planet gear, 234-planet gear shaft, 235-center rod, 240-driving assembly, 241-gear box, 242-second radial fixed rod, 243-driving motor, 244-driving rod, 245-first bevel gear, 246-second bevel gear, 247-fixed column, 250-anti-blocking assembly, 251-annular filter screen, 252-magnet, 253-silicone rubber sealing gasket, 254-magnetic sealing ring, 255-spiral scraper, 300-solid phase adsorption section, 310-composite filler layer, 311-supporting grid, 312-coarse filtration layer, 313-chemical absorption layer, 314-adsorption reaction layer, 320-activated carbon layer, 321-honeycomb-shaped activated carbon block, 322-hastelloy frame, 323-upper tenon, 324-lower mortise, 325-water collecting tank, 326-titanium alloy drain pipe, 400-damp dispelling drying section, 410-baffle demister, 411-peripheral baffle blade, 412-central closed concave baffle, 413-flow guide slope, 414-flow guide tongue, 420-wire mesh demister, 430-liquid collecting channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0115] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0116] Please refer to Figures 1-15 The present application provides a technical solution: a waste gas recovery tower, comprising:

[0117] The tower body 100 is provided with an air inlet pipe 101 at the bottom side wall, an air outlet pipe 102 at the top, manholes 103 evenly distributed on the side wall, and a flange 104 for sealing;

[0118] The interior is sequentially provided with:

[0119] The gas-liquid reaction section 200 includes an aeration assembly 210 submerged below the liquid surface of a liquid storage tank 201 and a rotating spray assembly 220 located above the liquid surface, both of which are reversely and rotationally connected through a planetary gear transmission mechanism 230, and the rotating spray assembly 220 is driven through a driving assembly 240;

[0120] The solid-phase adsorption section 300 includes a detachable composite filler layer 310 and an activated carbon layer 320;

[0121] The dampness dispelling and drying section 400 includes a demisting assembly and a drying assembly;

[0122] Among them:

[0123] The air outlet end of the aeration assembly 210 is opposite the spraying area of the rotating spray assembly 220;

[0124] The suction head 221 of the rotating spray assembly 220 extends to the liquid storage tank 201, and an anti-clogging assembly 250 is externally provided;

[0125] The gas-liquid reaction section 200 occupies 60%-70% of the lower part of the tower body 100, and the solid-phase adsorption section 300 and the dampness dispelling and drying section 400 are sequentially distributed upwards;

[0126] The sprayed liquid collected by the solid-phase adsorption section 300 and the dampness dispelling and drying section 400 is returned to the liquid storage tank 201 through a liquid collecting channel 430;

[0127] Specifically, the rotating spray assembly 220 includes:

[0128] A hollow positioning column 222 is vertically arranged in the center of the liquid storage tank 201 through a first radial fixed rod 224 and is made of austenitic stainless steel;

[0129] A movable sleeve 223 is sleeved outside the hollow positioning column 222;

[0130] A bottom suction rod 228 is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column 222, and a suction head 221 is arranged at the end, and the outer wall of the suction head 221 is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer;

[0131] A nested annular liquid spraying member includes a plurality of coaxially sleeved liquid spraying rings 225, adjacent liquid spraying rings 225 are connected through Y-shaped liquid communication rods 226, the innermost liquid spraying ring 225 is connected to the hollow positioning column 222 through a Y-shaped liquid communication rod 226, and the bottom of the liquid spraying ring 225 is evenly distributed with liquid spraying holes 227;

[0132] The inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid communication rod 226 is polished and coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layer;

[0133] The rotating spray assembly 220 is stably supported by the hollow positioning column 222 made of austenitic stainless steel, dynamically rotated by the movable sleeve 223, efficiently extracted by the bottom suction rod 228, and uniformly covered by the nested spray rings, thereby realizing efficient mass transfer in the gas-liquid reaction section 200. The hollow positioning column 222, as the rotating main shaft of the rotating spray assembly, is vertically fixed in the center of the liquid storage tank 201 through the first radial fixed rod 224. The material is austenitic stainless steel (such as 316L), which has high strength and corrosion resistance, ensuring long-term stable operation in the absorption liquid (containing acid / alkali / organic solvent) environment. The movable sleeve 223 is rigidly connected to the hollow positioning column 222 through a low-friction bearing (such as a precision ball bearing or a PTFE sliding bearing), preventing axial displacement (such as up and down movement) of the hollow positioning column 222 during rotation, ensuring the concentricity and stability of the rotating spray assembly 220, providing radial constraint for the rotating parts, avoiding vibration deviation caused by gas-liquid impact, and vertically fixing the suction rod 228 to the lower end of the hollow positioning column 222. The end suction head 221 is deep into the bottom of the liquid storage tank 201, and the absorption liquid is sucked into the system through negative pressure (or pumping). Negative pressure suction and suction pump are common technical means in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The outer wall of the suction head 221 is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer (hardness ≥ HRC65), which effectively resists the friction and wear of particulate matter (such as activated carbon debris and dust), prolonging the service life by more than 3 times (compared with stainless steel without plating). Multiple annular liquid spray rings 225 are nested along the axial direction, covering the center area of the airflow on the inner layer and the edge area on the outer layer, ensuring 360° uniform liquid curtain coverage. The Y-shaped liquid communication rod 226 connects adjacent liquid spray rings 225 to form a liquid shunt channel. The inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid communication rod 226 is polished to reduce liquid flow resistance, prevent high-viscosity absorption liquid (such as surfactant-containing solution) from depositing on the pipe wall, and avoid the risk of blockage.

[0134] Specifically, the coordinated layout of the aeration assembly 210 and the rotating spray assembly 220 includes:

[0135] The gas spray ring 212 is coaxially nested on the radial inner side of the liquid spray ring 225;

[0136] Adjacent gas spray rings 212 are connected by gas communication rods 213;

[0137] The gas spray holes 214 are axially inclined upward;

[0138] The liquid spray holes 227 are axially inclined downward;

[0139] The annular turbulent gap is formed between the gas spray ring 212 and the liquid spray ring 225;

[0140] The aeration assembly 210 is fine structured:

[0141] The upper hollow nesting ring 215 is coaxially sleeved in the gas spraying ring group and communicates with the gas spraying ring group;

[0142] The lower hollow nesting ring 216 is coaxially sleeved at the bottom of the hollow positioning column 222 and communicates with the gas inlet pipe 101;

[0143] The flow-through channels 211 are circumferentially distributed between the upper hollow nesting ring 215 and the lower hollow nesting ring 216;

[0144] The gas spraying ring group is coaxially nested on the radial inner side of the liquid spraying ring 225 (i.e., the gas spraying ring is located in the central axial area of the liquid spraying ring), forming an "inner gas and outer liquid" annular structure, which ensures that the gas is sprayed upward from the central area and the liquid is sprayed downward from the outer area, and the two strictly counter each other in the annular gap. The radial distance (usually 10-20 mm) between the gas spraying ring 212 and the liquid spraying ring 225 can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to different exhaust gas concentration requirements (such as narrowing the gap to enhance turbulence when dealing with high-concentration exhaust gas). The annular space formed between the gas spraying ring 212 and the liquid spraying ring 225 is the core area of the gas-liquid reaction. The counterflow force of the upward gas injection and the downward liquid injection generates high shear stress, breaks the gas-liquid interface film, and increases the droplet surface renewal rate. The lower hollow nesting ring 216 is fixedly connected to the gas inlet pipe 101 of the tower body 100, forming a static gas distribution chamber. The upper hollow nesting ring 215 is coaxially sleeved in the inner cavity of the gas spraying ring group and can rotate around the shaft to realize dynamic gas delivery. Multiple flow channels 211 are evenly distributed between the upper and lower nesting rings in the circumferential direction to form a gas flow path. This nesting design realizes the function of rotating gas distribution, allowing high-pressure gas to be stably introduced into the high-speed rotating gas spraying system, avoiding pressure fluctuations caused by gas flow pulsation. The upward gas flow of the aeration assembly 210 and the downward spraying of the rotating spraying assembly 220 form a reverse flow pattern. The annular turbulent gap between the gas spraying ring 212 and the liquid spraying ring 225 maintains a continuously updated gas-liquid contact interface under the bidirectional rotation drive. The gas hole injection direction and the liquid hole inclination angle cooperate with each other to accurately impact the falling liquid curtain with high-speed gas flow, generating a multidirectional turbulent mixing phase. The aeration assembly 210 realizes reverse rotation with the rotating spraying assembly 220 through the planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 (the aeration assembly 210 rotates counterclockwise, and the rotating spraying assembly 220 rotates clockwise). Rotation causes the relative position of the gas spraying ring 212 and the liquid spraying ring 225 to continuously change, avoiding the stabilization of the local gas-liquid interface and extending the gas-liquid contact time from 1-2 seconds in traditional static systems to 3-5 seconds. When the exhaust gas enters the lower hollow nesting ring 216, it is introduced into the rotating upper hollow nesting ring 215 through the flow channel 211 and finally distributed to the gas spraying ring group. Under the drive of the planetary gear, the gas spraying ring rotates in reverse and sprays gas upward, forming a dynamic cross-flow field with the downwardly spraying liquid spraying ring. The high-speed collision of the gas-liquid two-phase in the annular turbulent gap significantly intensifies the mass transfer process.

[0145] Specifically, the planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 includes:

[0146] The sun gear 231 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the hollow positioning column 222 and is made of nitriding alloy steel.

[0147] The gear ring 232 is fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve 223 and is coaxially arranged with the sun gear 231. The inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer.

[0148] planetary gears 233 are circumferentially distributed between the sun gear 231 and the ring gear 232;

[0149] a planetary gear shaft 234, a bottom fixed central rod 235, and a gas communication rod 213 of the aeration assembly 210 movably connected to the end of the central rod 235;

[0150] The driving assembly 240 comprises:

[0151] a gear box 241 fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 100 through a second radiation fixing rod 242;

[0152] a driving motor 243 fixed to the outer wall of the tower body 100, an output end of which is fixedly installed with a driving rod 244, and the end of the driving rod 244 is fixedly installed with a first bevel gear 245;

[0153] a second bevel gear 246 fixedly connected to the upper part of the hollow positioning column 222 through a fixing column 247, and meshingly connected with the first bevel gear 245;

[0154] The planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 is the core transmission component of the gas-liquid reaction section of the waste gas recovery tower, and the structural design aims to realize the accurate reverse rotation linkage of the rotary spraying assembly 220 and the aeration assembly 210, thereby strengthening the gas-liquid reaction efficiency. The mechanism is composed of the sun gear 231, the ring gear 232, the planetary gears 233, and the planetary gear shaft 234, and realizes power transmission and direction conversion through the driving of the driving assembly 240;

[0155] The sun gear 231 is fixedly sleeved outside the hollow positioning column 222 and synchronously rotates with the hollow positioning column 222, is made of nitriding alloy steel material, has high hardness and wear resistance in long-term operation, effectively resists mechanical wear in a gas-liquid reaction environment, guarantees transmission stability, the gear ring 232 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 223 and is coaxially arranged with the sun gear 231, serves as a fixed fulcrum of a transmission system, the inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer, significantly reduces frictional resistance when gears mesh, avoids sticking or early failure due to dry friction, and prolongs the service life of the mechanism, the planetary gears 233 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction between the sun gear 231 and the gear ring 232, form a multi-point meshing structure, and realize rotation and revolution of the planetary gears 233 under the rotation driving of the sun gear, when the sun gear 231 rotates with the hollow positioning column, the planetary gears 233 are fixedly constrained by the gear ring 232, rotate and drive the rotation power to be converted into reverse output, and the stability of the transmission process and the uniformity of the torque distribution are guaranteed. The planetary gear shaft 234 is fixedly connected with the central rod 235 at the bottom, the central rod 235 is movably connected with the gas communication rod 213 of the aeration assembly 210 at the end, directly transmits the rotation power of the planetary gear to the aeration assembly 210, and the connection mode ensures that the power transmission has no gap, so that the aeration assembly 210 obtains accurate reverse rotation output, and the rotation direction of the rotating and spraying assembly 220 is strictly opposite;

[0156] The driving assembly 240 realizes power input and direction conversion through the gear box 241, the driving motor 243 and the bevel gear set, the gear box 241 is stably installed on the inner wall of the tower body 100 through the second radiation fixed rod 242, provides rigid support for the transmission system, the driving motor 243 is fixed on the outer wall of the tower body 100, the output end driving rod 244 is fixedly connected with the first bevel gear 245 at the end, the first bevel gear 245 is meshed with the second bevel gear 246, the second bevel gear 246 is fixedly connected with the hollow positioning column 222 through the fixed column 247, converts the horizontal rotation of the driving motor 243 into vertical rotation power, drives the hollow positioning column 222 to rotate clockwise, separates the driving system from the tower body structure, is convenient for maintenance and avoids interfering with the internal reaction process;

[0157] The core function of the planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 is that the sun gear 231 inputs rotary power with the fixed gear ring 232 as the fulcrum, the planetary gear 233 realizes power conversion, and finally the planetary gear shaft 234 outputs reverse rotation to the aeration assembly 210. This transmission mechanism makes the rotary spray assembly 220 and the aeration assembly 210 continuously rotate in opposite directions, and the liquid and gas sprayed by the two form dynamic counterflow turbulent flow in the annular gap, significantly enhancing the renewal rate of the gas-liquid contact interface and the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the fixed arrangement of the gear ring 232 gives the mechanism self-locking characteristics, preventing reverse transmission and ensuring that the aeration assembly 210 only rotates in the designed direction, improving system operation reliability. As the key power conversion device of the gas-liquid reaction section, the transmission mechanism provides a high-efficiency and stable dynamic reaction environment for the waste gas recovery tower through precise gear meshing and structural layout.

[0158] Specifically, the anti-blocking assembly 250 includes:

[0159] The annular filter screen 251 is composed of two half-cylinders connected by a magnet 252, and a silicone rubber sealing gasket 253 is arranged at the joint. The bottom is embedded in the sealing groove of the tower body and is provided with a magnetic sealing ring 254.

[0160] The spiral scraper 255 is fixed to the inner wall of the half-cylinder, and the blade edge of the spiral scraper 255 is gap-fitted with the outer wall of the suction head 221.

[0161] The anti-blocking assembly 250 is used to prevent the suction head 221 from being blocked due to the accumulation of impurities during liquid suction, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the rotary spray assembly 220. The assembly includes an annular filter screen 251 and a spiral scraper 255, which work together to achieve dynamic anti-blocking function.

[0162] The annular filter screen 251 adopts a modular design and is composed of two half-cylinder structures connected by a magnet 252, which facilitates quick installation and disassembly. A silicone rubber sealing gasket 253 is arranged at the joint to effectively prevent liquid from leaking through the joint gap and ensure the sealing integrity of the filtration system. The bottom of the annular filter screen 251 is embedded in the sealing groove of the tower body 100 and is provided with a magnetic sealing ring 254. The magnetic structure realizes tight fitting between the bottom and the tower body 100 through magnetic attraction, further enhancing the sealing performance and preventing liquid from leaking through the bottom gap. This filter screen structure performs pre-filtration before the liquid enters the suction head 221, intercepting large-particle impurities and preventing impurities from directly contacting the suction head 221.

[0163] The spiral scraper 255 is fixedly installed in the semicylindrical inner wall of the annular filter screen 251, and the blade edge thereof is in precise gap fit with the outer wall of the suction head 221. When the rotating spray assembly 220 operates, the anti-blocking assembly 250 rotates synchronously with the assembly. The blade edge of the spiral scraper 255 moves in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the suction head 221, continuously scraping off the impurity particles adhered to the outer wall of the suction head. The gap fit design ensures that the blade edge of the spiral scraper 255 does not make rigid contact with the suction head, thereby avoiding scratching the surface of the suction head and effectively removing the adhered matters. The scraping action is synchronous with the rotation of the rotating spray assembly, forming a dynamic cleaning mechanism and preventing the impurities from accumulating on the outer wall of the suction head to form a blockage.

[0164] The annular filter screen 251 and the spiral scraper 255 realize double protection in cooperation. The annular filter screen 251 filters large-particle impurities before the liquid enters, and the spiral scraper 255 performs real-time scraping on the outer wall of the suction head. The two ensure the smoothness of the suction process. The design does not require an additional cleaning program, and the anti-blocking function is automatically completed through the rotating movement, significantly reducing the frequency of equipment downtime maintenance and improving the reliability of long-term operation of the system.

[0165] Specifically, the composite filler layer 310 comprises, from bottom to top:

[0166] The support grid 311 is a three-dimensional wavy grid bar arranged in a radial staggered manner to form a diamond grid, and the surface of the grid bar is coated with an alumina ceramic layer.

[0167] The coarse-effect filter layer 312 is a multilayer composite fiber mesh mixed with glass fibers and 316L stainless steel wires, and wave-shaped flow guide plates are arranged between the layers. The fiber mesh has a decreasing pore size gradient from bottom to top.

[0168] The chemical absorption layer 313 is a honeycomb-shaped ceramic carrier loaded with calcium oxide composite particles in the pores.

[0169] The adsorption reaction layer 314 is a modified activated carbon module with a surface grafted with sulfide catalytic groups, and an ultraviolet lamp tube is embedded in the carbon block.

[0170] The composite filler layer 310 is a key purification unit of the waste gas recovery tower, and is sequentially provided with a support grid 311, a coarse filter layer 312, a chemical absorption layer 313 and an adsorption reaction layer 314 from bottom to top. The multi-stage efficient purification of waste gas is realized through the synergistic effect of the structures of the layers. The support grid 311 is arranged in a rhombic grid structure in a radial staggered manner by using a three-dimensional wavy grid bar. The surface of the grid bar is coated with an alumina ceramic layer. The alumina ceramic layer not only provides stable structural support to prevent the filler layer from deforming and collapsing, but also adapts to the harsh environment of chemical waste gas through the high wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the ceramic layer. At the same time, the rhombic grid design effectively guides the uniform distribution of airflow, avoiding local airflow deflection. The coarse filter layer 312 is composed of a plurality of composite fiber meshes mixed with glass fibers and 316L stainless steel wires. Wave-shaped flow guide plates are embedded between the layers. The fiber mesh aperture decreases in a gradient from bottom to top, forming a staged filtering mechanism: the lower layer intercepts large particle impurities, and the upper layer captures small particles. The wave-shaped flow guide plates optimize the airflow path, reduce short-circuiting, improve filtering efficiency, and prolong the service life of the subsequent layers. The chemical absorption layer 313 uses a honeycomb ceramic carrier, which is loaded with calcium oxide composite particles in the pores. It selectively absorbs acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide through chemical reaction. The honeycomb structure greatly increases the reaction contact area, strengthens the full contact between the gas and the absorbent, and realizes high-efficiency chemical conversion. The adsorption reaction layer 314 is composed of modified activated carbon modules, with sulfide catalytic groups grafted on the surface and ultraviolet lamp tubes embedded in the carbon block. The activated carbon provides a high specific surface area for adsorbing organic pollutants, the sulfide catalytic groups promote catalytic oxidation reactions, and the ultraviolet lamp tubes excite the photocatalytic process, synergistically enhancing the decomposition and conversion efficiency of pollutants.

[0171] The four-layer structure forms a complete purification chain from bottom to top, including physical filtration, chemical absorption, and catalytic adsorption. The support grid ensures structural stability, the coarse filter layer pretreats impurities, the chemical absorption layer handles acidic components, and the adsorption reaction layer deeply purifies organic matter. The functions of the layers are closely linked, avoiding the limitations of single purification methods, significantly improving overall purification efficiency and system operation reliability. At the same time, the modular design facilitates maintenance and replacement, prolonging the service life of the equipment.

[0172] Specifically, the activated carbon layer 320 includes:

[0173] The honeycomb-shaped activated carbon block 321 is integrally formed with a periphery Hastelloy frame 322, and the honeycomb pores are axially through;

[0174] The dovetail joint mechanism includes an upper tenon 323 and a lower mortise 324, which vertically clamp and fix the activated carbon layer 320;

[0175] The water collecting tank 325 is annularly distributed along the side wall of the activated carbon layer 320, and the bottom is connected with a titanium alloy drain pipe 326. The titanium alloy drain pipe 326 penetrates through the side wall of the tower body 100 and is connected with the liquid collecting channel 430 of the dehumidification and drying section 400;

[0176] The honeycomb activated carbon block 321 is integrally formed with the peripheral hastelloy frame 322, the honeycomb channels are axially through, the integral forming process ensures that the activated carbon block is connected with the frame without gap, significantly improves the structural strength and anti-vibration performance, avoids the loosening or damage of the components caused by airflow impact. The axial through design of the honeycomb channels keeps the gas flow path straight and unobstructed, effectively reduces the airflow resistance, maximizes the specific surface area of activated carbon, and enhances the adsorption capacity of pollutants in exhaust gas. The dovetail joint mechanism is composed of the upper tenon 323 and the lower mortise 324, which fixes the activated carbon layer 320 through vertical clamping. The dovetail design realizes quick installation and disassembly, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement of activated carbon blocks. The vertical clamping ensures the stable position of the activated carbon layer during operation, prevents displacement caused by equipment vibration or airflow disturbance, and guarantees the continuity and reliability of the adsorption process. The water collecting tank 325 is distributed along the side wall of the activated carbon layer 320 in a ring shape, which is used to collect condensed water or liquid pollutants generated during the adsorption process. The ring-shaped distribution design ensures that the water collecting tank 325 can evenly cover the outer periphery of the activated carbon layer, ensuring that the liquid is promptly diverted to the drainage system, avoiding the risk of reduced adsorption efficiency or blockage caused by local liquid accumulation. The titanium alloy drain pipe 326 is connected to the bottom of the water collecting tank 325, penetrates through the side wall of the tower body 100 and is connected with the liquid collecting channel 430 of the dehumidifying drying section 400. Titanium alloy has excellent corrosion resistance, which is suitable for handling liquid containing acid, alkali or organic solvent, ensuring long-term stable operation of the drain pipe. The drain pipe directs the liquid collected by the water collecting tank to the dehumidifying drying section, realizing closed-loop recycling of the liquid, avoiding the retention of liquid substances in the activated carbon layer, and maintaining the sustained and efficient adsorption performance;

[0177] Specifically, the dehumidifying drying section 400 includes:

[0178] The baffle 410 is a deflection demister:

[0179] The outer peripheral deflection vane 411 is arranged in a ring shape and extends above the water collecting tank 325;

[0180] The center closed inner recess baffle 412 has a curved center point at the structural apex, a downwardly inclined flow guide slope 413 at the edge, and a flow guide tongue 414 evenly distributed around the edge, and the flow guide tongue 414 is inserted into the outer peripheral deflection vane 411;

[0181] The silk screen demister 420 has a surface covered with a polydimethylsiloxane hydrophobic coating, and the edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collecting channel 430;

[0182] The liquid collecting channel 430 is lined with a polyethylene corrosion-resistant layer, and the water outlet end is connected to the liquid storage tank 201;

[0183] The dampness-removing and drying section 400 is a key drying unit of the waste gas recovery system, and its core function is to efficiently remove the mist and liquid drops remaining in the gas to ensure the dryness and purity of the subsequent process gas, while realizing the closed-loop recovery of liquid substances. Through the cooperative design of the baffle demister 410, the wire mesh demister 420 and the liquid collection channel 430, a complete gas-liquid separation and liquid guiding system is constructed;

[0184] The baffle demister 410 adopts a ring-shaped peripheral baffle blade 411, which extends to cover the upper part of the water collecting tank 325, forming a continuous airflow deflection path. The peripheral blade guides the gas to flow along the ring-shaped track, so that the entrained mist collides due to inertia and adheres to the surface of the blade. The center closed concave baffle 412 is designed as a curved surface structure, with its vertex located at the overall geometric center. The edge is downwardly inclined to form a flow guide slope 413. The slope surface guides the coalesced liquid drops to flow downward along the slope surface. The flow guide tongue 414 uniformly distributed on the edge of the baffle plate is precisely inserted into the groove on the upper surface of the peripheral baffle blade 411, forming multiple airflow deflection points, which significantly enhances the mist capture efficiency. The embedded structure of the flow guide tongue 414 and the blade groove avoids airflow short circuiting, ensuring that the mist continues to coalesce in multiple deflections and finally collects in the water collecting tank area;

[0185] The wire mesh demister 420 is covered with a polydimethylsiloxane hydrophobic coating, which effectively reduces the adhesion of liquid to the surface of the wire mesh, avoids the retention of mist on the surface of the wire mesh, thereby improving the demisting efficiency and reducing the risk of clogging. The edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collection channel 430, ensuring that the liquid drops after demisting can be seamlessly guided into the liquid collection channel, realizing the continuity of gas-liquid separation. The cascade arrangement of the wire mesh demister and the baffle demister forms a double demisting barrier, with the former handling larger mist and the latter capturing fine mist, which together guarantee the dryness of the gas;

[0186] The liquid collection channel 430 is lined with a polyethylene corrosion-resistant layer, which has excellent chemical corrosion resistance and is suitable for handling liquids containing acids, bases or organic solvents, ensuring the integrity of the channel structure during long-term operation. The communication design between the outlet of the liquid collection channel 430 and the liquid storage tank 201 directs the liquid drops collected by the liquid collection channel 430 back to the liquid storage tank 201, realizing the recycling of liquid, avoiding the accumulation of liquid substances in the system. The ring-shaped layout of the liquid collection channel 430 and the docking of the water collecting tank 325 form a complete liquid recovery path from the adsorption layer to the liquid storage tank, maintaining the sustainability of the system operation;

[0187] The overall function of the moisture-removing and drying section 400 is realized through the precise cooperation of three parts: the baffle demister 410 efficiently captures and guides the mist through the structural design of the annular blade and the center baffle; the wire mesh demister 420 enhances fine mist separation due to its strong hydrophobicity; and the liquid collection channel 430 is connected through a corrosion-resistant lining and a closed loop to ensure the leakage-free recovery of the liquid. The combined action of the three parts enables deep drying of the gas while eliminating the potential impact of liquid pollutants on subsequent equipment, significantly improving the operation stability and maintenance convenience of the entire system.

[0188] Specifically, the gas spraying ring 212 has the following structure:

[0189] The high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and the low-pressure outer cavity 2122 are coaxially nested, and the cavity cross section is elliptical;

[0190] The high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and the low-pressure outer cavity 2122 are connected through the multi-hole pressure stabilizing partition plate 2123;

[0191] The gas spraying hole 214 has the following structure:

[0192] The central main spray hole 2141 is radially radiated with inclined auxiliary spray holes 2142, and the axis of the inclined auxiliary spray hole 2142 intersects the axis of the central main spray hole 2141 at an acute angle;

[0193] The liquid spraying hole 227 has the following structure:

[0194] The nested double-layer conical spin configuration of the axial straight-through hole 2271 and the radial rotational flow groove 2272;

[0195] The inner wall of the radial rotational flow groove 2272 is provided with a spiral flow guide rib 2273;

[0196] The gas spraying ring 212 adopts the structure of coaxially nested high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and low-pressure outer cavity 2122, and the cavity cross section is elliptical, forming a unique fluid dynamics channel. The high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and the low-pressure outer cavity 2122 are connected through the multi-hole pressure stabilizing partition plate 2123, and the multi-hole design of the partition plate allows a small amount of gas exchange between the cavities, effectively buffering the pressure fluctuations of the gas, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the gas flow during spraying, and preventing uneven spraying or local blockage caused by pressure fluctuations;

[0197] The fine structure of the gas spray hole 214 is composed of a central main spray hole 2141 and a circumferentially radiated inclined auxiliary spray hole 2142, the axis of the inclined auxiliary spray hole 2142 and the axis of the central main spray hole 2141 form an acute intersection, the central main spray hole 2141 provides a main gas flow beam, and the inclined auxiliary spray hole 2142 is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the inclined angle makes the gas flow form a spiral diffusion path when sprayed, and the acute intersection design makes the gas flow generate directional shear force at the spray outlet, and forms a dynamic confrontation with the liquid spray ring 225 downwardly sprayed liquid curtain, significantly enhances the turbulence intensity of the gas-liquid interface, prolongs the gas-liquid contact time, improves the mass transfer efficiency, at the same time, the radiated layout of the inclined auxiliary spray hole avoids the concentrated gas injection, effectively disperses the gas flow energy, reduces the deposition risk around the spray hole, and ensures the smoothness of long-term operation;

[0198] The structure of the gas spray ring 212 realizes precise regulation of the gas flow field through high-pressure and low-pressure cavity nesting, porous pressure stabilizing partition and acute intersection spray hole design: the high-pressure inner cavity 2121 stabilizes the input, the low-pressure outer cavity 2122 buffers the fluctuation, the porous pressure stabilizing partition 2123 maintains uniformity, the inclined auxiliary spray hole 2142 strengthens the turbulence, and the central main spray hole 2141 guarantees the main flow, not only improves the gas-liquid reaction efficiency, but also significantly reduces the blocking probability, ensures that the waste gas recovery system maintains high reliability and low maintenance demand in long-term operation;

[0199] The liquid spraying hole adopts a nested double-layer conical rotation structure of an axial straight-through channel 2271 and a radial rotational flow groove 2272. The axial straight-through channel 2271 serves as a main liquid flow channel and extends through the spraying hole body in the axial direction to provide a stable and low-resistance conveying path for the liquid. The straight-through design ensures that the absorption liquid can be quickly and uniformly conveyed from the liquid storage groove 201 to the spraying hole through the suction head 221, avoids liquid retention or pressure fluctuations caused by a tortuous flow channel, lays a foundation for subsequent rotational flow action, and forms a nested structure with the axial straight-through channel 2271. The radial rotational flow groove 2272 is arranged around the straight-through channel in the radial direction, and a helical flow guide rib 2273 is arranged on the inner wall of the rotational flow groove. The continuous helical design of the helical flow guide rib 2273 guides the liquid to produce directional rotational motion in the rotational flow groove, forming a stable centrifugal force field. When the liquid flows through the rotational flow groove 2272, the helical flow guide rib 2273 makes the liquid rotate in the axial and radial directions, produces a centrifugal throwing effect, atomizes the liquid into fine droplets, and sprays the liquid in a specific direction. The nested double-layer conical rotation structure forms a conical rotational flow jet path through the cooperation of the axial straight-through channel and the radial rotational flow groove. The conical structure naturally forms a downward inclined spiral liquid curtain when the liquid is sprayed out of the hole, and forms an acute angle with the gas column sprayed upward by the gas spraying ring 212. This structure not only optimizes the spraying angle of the liquid, but also continuously removes the attachments around the hole through the centrifugal force generated by the rotational flow, significantly reducing the risk of blockage. At the same time, the continuous surface of the helical flow guide rib 2273 makes the liquid flow more smoothly in the groove, reduces the turbulent energy loss, and ensures that the liquid curtain uniformly covers the annular reaction area.

[0200] The structural design of the liquid spraying hole 227 achieves multiple functions: the axial straight-through channel 2271 ensures the efficiency of liquid conveying, the radial rotational flow groove 2272 and the helical flow guide rib 2273 cooperate to enhance the atomization effect, and the nested conical rotation structure precisely controls the spraying form. This design makes the liquid spray out in the form of a stable and fine downward liquid curtain, which forms an efficient collision with the upward gas column of the gas spraying hole 214 in the annular turbulent gap, significantly enhances the gas-liquid interface renewal rate and mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the rotational flow mechanism continuously cleans the hole during the spraying process to avoid impurities deposition, ensuring the reliability and stability of the rotating spray assembly 220 during long-term operation, and providing key support for efficient purification of the waste gas recovery tower.

[0201] A working method of a waste gas recovery tower, comprising the following steps:

[0202] a. Gas-liquid turbulent reaction

[0203] The exhaust gas enters the bottom of the gas-liquid reaction section 200 through the inlet pipe 101, and the aeration assembly 210 sprays the exhaust gas upward to form a reverse rotating gas column. The gas column generates a conical diffusion gas flow through the gas spraying holes 214. At the same time, the rotating spray assembly 220 extracts the absorption liquid in the liquid storage tank 201 through the suction head 221. The liquid is transported to the multi-layer liquid spraying ring 225 through the hollow positioning column 222. The liquid spraying holes 227 spray the liquid downward to form a rotating liquid curtain. The upward gas column and the downward liquid curtain collide at high speed in the annular turbulent gap. The gas impact force breaks the liquid curtain to form a gas-liquid emulsion phase.

[0204] b、Reverse rotation coordination

[0205] The driving motor 243 drives the rotating spray assembly 220 to rotate forward around the axis through the first bevel gear 245 and the second bevel gear 246. The planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 decomposes the input torque: the meshing of the fixed sun gear 231 and the rotating gear ring 232 forces the planetary gear 233 to produce rotational motion. The planetary gear shaft 234 drives the aeration assembly 210 to rotate in the opposite direction through the center rod 235. The forward rotation of the liquid spraying ring 225 and the reverse rotation of the gas spraying ring 212 form a dynamic update of the gas-liquid interface.

[0206] c、Anti-clogging circulation

[0207] During the extraction of the solid-liquid containing liquid by the suction head 221, the annular filter screen 251 intercepts large particle impurities. The spliced surface attracted by the magnet 252 adjusts the gap in real time. The spiral scraper 255 rotates synchronously with the suction head 221 to scrape off the adhering substances on the surface. The scraped-off impurities fall back to the sedimentation area at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 201. The silicone rubber sealing gasket 253 and the magnetic sealing ring 254 ensure the sealing reliability.

[0208] d、Multi-stage adsorption purification

[0209] When the gas rises through the composite filler layer 310, it successively experiences:

[0210] Primary interception by the wave-shaped grid bars of the support grid 311;

[0211] Fractionated capture by the gradient pore fiber mesh of the coarse-effect filter layer 312;

[0212] Chemical neutralization by the calcium oxide composite particles of the chemical absorption layer 313;

[0213] Deep degradation by the modified activated carbon modules of the adsorption reaction layer 314;

[0214] The saturated liquid is collected in the water collecting tank 325 of the activated carbon layer 320 and is directed by the titanium alloy drain pipe 326.

[0215] e、Gas-solid separation and regeneration

[0216] After the gas enters the dampness-removing and drying section 400, the central concave baffle 412 of the deflection demister 410 changes the direction of the gas flow, the liquid droplets flow down along the deflection slope 413, and the deflection tongue 414 transfers the liquid droplets to the peripheral deflection vane 411, and finally the liquid droplets are collected into the water collecting tank 325. The wire mesh demister 420 captures the residual micro-droplets, and the dry gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 102.

[0217] f. Closed-loop liquid collection and recovery

[0218] The dripping liquid of the composite filler layer 310, the liquid in the water collecting tank 325 of the activated carbon layer 320, and the separated liquid of the dampness-removing and drying section 400 are collectively collected into the annular liquid collection channel 430. The liquid in the channel relies on gravity to return to the liquid storage tank 201 by itself, and the liquid is regenerated and reused by the inner lining of the polyethylene corrosion-resistant layer.

[0219] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms such as first and second are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device.

[0220] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste gas recovery tower, characterized in that, include: The tower body (100) has an air inlet pipe (101) on the bottom side wall and an air outlet pipe (102) on the top. Manholes (103) are evenly distributed on the side wall and sealed by flanges (104). The internal layout, from bottom to top, is as follows: Gas-liquid reaction section (200): includes an aeration component (210) submerged in the liquid surface of the storage tank (201) and a rotary spray component (220) located above the liquid surface. The two are linked by rotating in opposite directions through a planetary gear transmission mechanism (230). The rotary spray component (220) is driven by a drive component (240). Solid phase adsorption section (300): removable composite filler layer (310) and activated carbon layer (320); Dehumidification and drying section (400): Demisting component and drying component; in: The air outlet of the aeration component (210) is directly opposite the spraying area of ​​the rotary spray component (220); The suction head (221) of the rotary spray assembly (220) extends to the liquid storage tank (201) and is externally equipped with an anti-clogging component (250). The gas-liquid reaction section (200) occupies 60%-70% of the lower part of the tower body (100), and the solid phase adsorption section (300) and the dehumidification and drying section (400) are distributed upward in sequence; The spray liquid collected in the solid adsorption section (300) and the dehumidification and drying section (400) is returned to the storage tank (201) through the collection channel (430). The rotary spray assembly (220) includes: The hollow positioning column (222) is vertically set in the center of the liquid storage tank (201) through the first radial fixing rod (224), and the material is austenitic stainless steel; The movable sleeve (223) is fitted onto the outside of the hollow positioning post (222); The bottom suction rod (228) is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column (222), and the end is provided with a suction head (221). The outer wall of the suction head (221) is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer. The nested annular spray component includes multiple coaxially sleeved liquid spray rings (225), adjacent liquid spray rings (225) are connected by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod (226), the innermost liquid spray ring (225) is connected to a hollow positioning post (222) by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod (226), and liquid spray holes (227) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the liquid spray ring (225). Among them, the inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid connecting rod (226) is polished and the surface is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick layer; The cooperative arrangement of the aeration component (210) and the rotary spray component (220) includes: The gas spray ring (212) is coaxially nested on the radial inner side of the liquid spray ring (225); Adjacent gas spray rings (212) are connected by a gas connecting rod (213); The gas spray nozzle (214) is inclined upwards axially to spray gas; The liquid spray nozzle (227) is tilted downwards axially to spray liquid. An annular turbulent gap is formed between the gas spray ring (212) and the liquid spray ring (225); Refined structure of aeration component (210): The upper hollow nested ring (215) is coaxially sleeved inside the gas spray ring group and is connected to the gas spray ring group; The lower hollow nested ring (216) is coaxially sleeved at the bottom of the hollow positioning post (222) and connected to the air intake pipe (101); The circulation channels (211) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the upper hollow nested ring (215) and the lower hollow nested ring (216); Refined structure of gas spray ring (212): The high-pressure inner cavity (2121) and the low-pressure outer cavity (2122) are coaxially nested, and the cross-section of the cavity is elliptical. The high-pressure inner cavity (2121) and the low-pressure outer cavity (2122) are connected by a porous pressure-stabilizing partition (2123); Refined structure of gas spray hole (214): The central main nozzle (2141) radiates circumferentially with inclined secondary nozzles (2142), and the axis of the inclined secondary nozzles (2142) intersects the axis of the central main nozzle (2141) at an acute angle. Refined structure of liquid spray nozzle (227): A nested double-layer conical spiral configuration consisting of an axial through-hole (2271) and a radial swirl channel (2272); The inner wall of the radial swirl channel (2272) is provided with spiral guide ribs (2273).

2. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary gear transmission mechanism (230) includes: The sun gear (231) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the hollow positioning post (222) and is made of nitrided alloy steel; The gear ring (232) is fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve (223) and is coaxially arranged with the sun gear (231). The inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer. Planetary gears (233) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the sun gear (231) and the gear ring (232); Planetary gear shaft (234), bottom fixed center rod (235), the end of center rod (235) is movably connected to the gas connecting rod (213) of aeration component (210); The drive component (240) includes: The gearbox (241) is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body (100) by the second radial fixing rod (242); A drive motor (243) is fixed to the outer wall of the tower body (100), and a drive rod (244) is fixedly installed at the output end. A first bevel gear (245) is fixedly installed at the end of the drive rod (244). The second bevel gear (246) is fixedly connected above the hollow positioning post (222) by the fixing post (247) and meshes with the first bevel gear (245).

3. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-clogging component (250) includes: The annular filter screen (251) is made of two semi-cylinders joined together by magnets (252), with silicone rubber sealing gaskets (253) at the joint, and the bottom is embedded in the tower body sealing groove and is equipped with a magnetic sealing ring (254). The spiral scraper (255) is fixed to the inner wall of the semi-cylinder, and the cutting edge of the spiral scraper (255) is fitted with the outer wall of the suction head (221) with clearance.

4. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 3, characterized in that, The composite filler layer (310) comprises, from bottom to top: Support grid (311): Three-dimensional wave-shaped grid bars are arranged in a radial pattern to form a diamond grid, and the surface of the grid bars is covered with an alumina ceramic layer; Coarse filter layer (312): Multi-layer composite fiber mesh, made of glass fiber and 316L stainless steel wire, with corrugated guide vanes sandwiched between layers, and the pore size of the fiber mesh decreases from bottom to top. Chemical absorption layer (313): honeycomb ceramic carrier, with calcium oxide composite particles loaded in the pores; Adsorption reaction layer (314): Modified activated carbon module with sulfide catalytic groups grafted onto the surface and ultraviolet lamps embedded inside the carbon block.

5. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 4, characterized in that, The activated carbon layer (320) includes: The honeycomb activated carbon block (321) is integrally formed with the surrounding Hastelloy frame (322), and the honeycomb channels are axially connected. Dovetail tenon joint mechanism: including upper tenon (323) and lower mortise (324), which vertically engage and fix the activated carbon layer (320); The water collection tank (325) is distributed in a ring along the side wall of the activated carbon layer (320), and the bottom is connected to the titanium alloy drain pipe (326). The titanium alloy drain pipe (326) penetrates the side wall of the tower body (100) and is connected to the liquid collection channel (430) of the dehumidification and drying section (400).

6. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dehumidification and drying section (400) includes: Demister (410): The outer baffle blades (411) arranged in a ring extend above the water collection tank (325); The central closed concave baffle (412) has the center point of the curved surface located at the top of the structure, and the edge slopes down to form a guide slope (413). Guide tongues (414) are evenly distributed around the edge, and the guide tongues (414) are inserted into the outer deflector blades (411). Wire mesh demister (420): The surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating of polydimethylsiloxane, and the edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collection channel (430); Liquid collection channel (430): lined with polyethylene anti-corrosion layer, with the water outlet connected to the liquid storage tank (201).

7. The working method of a waste gas recovery tower according to claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Gas-liquid turbulent reaction: The exhaust gas enters the gas-liquid reaction section (200) from the air inlet pipe (101) and is sprayed upward through the aeration component (210) to form a reverse air column; At the same time, the rotating spray assembly (220) draws the absorbent liquid in the storage tank (201) through the suction head (221) and sprays it downward through the liquid spray ring (225) to form a liquid curtain; The gas jet and the liquid jet collide and collide within the annular turbulent gap, forming a multi-directional turbulent mixed phase. b. Reverse rotation coordination: The drive assembly (240) drives the rotary spray assembly (220) to rotate around the axis; The planetary gear transmission mechanism (230) converts the rotary motion into the reverse rotation of the aeration assembly (210); The liquid spraying ring (225) and the gas spraying ring (212) rotate in opposite directions to enhance the renewal of the gas-liquid interface; c. Anti-clogging circulation: During the suction process of the suction head (221), the spiral scraper (255) of the anti-clogging component (250) rotates circumferentially to scrape off the adsorbed material; The magnetic splicing surface of the annular filter (251) can be adjusted in real time to prevent large particles from entering; d. Multi-stage adsorption and purification: The gas rises through the solid phase adsorption section (300), and after being physically intercepted, chemically absorbed, and catalytically degraded by the composite packing layer (310), it enters the activated carbon layer (320) for deep adsorption. The water collection tank (325) collects the saturated adsorbent liquid, which is then directed through the titanium alloy drain pipe (326). e. Gas-solid separation and regeneration: Gas enters the dehumidification and drying section (400), and the central concave baffle (412) of the deflector (410) forces the droplets to slide onto the guide slope (413). The droplets are transferred to the outer baffle blades (411) via the guide tongue (414) and finally flow into the water collection tank (325). The wire mesh demister (420) captures residual micro-droplets, and the dry gas is discharged from the outlet pipe (102); f. Closed-loop liquid collection and recovery: The liquid captured by the solid adsorption section (300) and the dehumidification and drying section (400) flows into the liquid collection channel (430). The liquid in the collection channel (430) flows back to the storage tank (201) for recycling.

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