Carbon activation device and carbon activation system

Abstract

The application provides a carbon activation device and a carbon activation system, and relates to the technical field of porous carbon preparation. The carbon activation device comprises a device body and a plurality of flow guide structures. The device body has an activation cavity and an expansion cavity which are in communication with each other. The activation cavity is located below the expansion cavity. The device body has a first inlet which is in communication with the activation cavity and is used for facilitating the input of active gas, and a second inlet which is in communication with the expansion cavity and is used for facilitating the input of carbon-based materials. The plurality of flow guide structures are arranged in the activation cavity in a vertical direction. Each flow guide structure has a plurality of flow guide channels with different extension directions, so that the active gas forms a multi-directional diffusion gas flow field after flowing through the flow guide structure. As a result, the carbon-based materials are uniformly distributed in the activation cavity under the driving of the gas flow field, and an activation reaction is generated with the active gas, thereby obtaining porous carbon. The accumulation of the carbon-based materials is avoided, the reaction efficiency between the carbon-based materials and the active gas is improved, and the reliability of the carbon activation device in preparing porous carbon is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of porous carbon preparation, and particularly relates to a carbon activation device and a carbon activation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Porous carbon has the functions of adsorption, energy storage and catalyst carrier, and is widely applied to the fields of environmental governance, new energy, biological medicine, chemical industry and the like.

[0003] In the related art, the preparation of porous carbon needs carbon sources to go through carbonization and activation processes. In the carbonization process, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and the like in the carbon sources are removed to form a carbon-rich carbon base material. The carbon base material is subjected to the activation process to form porous carbon. In the process of carbon activation, the carbon base material and activation gas, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor, react in the carbon activation device to remove part of the carbon in the carbon base material, so that pores are formed on the carbon base material, and porous carbon is obtained. In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the carbon base material and the activation gas in the carbon activation device, a mechanical stirring piece is arranged in the carbon activation device.

[0004] However, in the related art, the powder formed by the carbon base material causes the mechanical stirring piece to jam, make abnormal sound and be damaged, resulting in the technical problem of low operation reliability of the carbon activation device, and the technical problem of the mechanical stirring piece damaging the particle size of the carbon base material and affecting the quality of the formed porous carbon particles. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a carbon activation device and a carbon activation system, which aims to solve the technical problems of low operation reliability of the carbon activation device and the influence on the quality of the finished porous carbon caused by the arrangement of the mechanical stirring piece in the carbon activation device, so as to improve the operation reliability of the carbon activation device and the quality of the finished porous carbon.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a carbon activation device, which comprises:

[0008] A device body has an activation cavity and an expansion cavity which are in communication with each other. The activation cavity is located below the expansion cavity, and the device body has a first inlet in communication with the activation cavity and a second inlet in communication with the expansion cavity.

[0009] A plurality of flow guide structures are arranged in the activation cavity in a vertical direction. Each flow guide structure has a plurality of flow guide channels with different extension directions, so that the activation gas forms a multi-directional diffusion gas flow field after flowing through the flow guide structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, each of the flow guide structures comprises a plurality of flow guide plates, the plurality of flow guide plates are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along a horizontal direction, each of the flow guide plates has an inclined angle with the horizontal direction, and the inclined angles of adjacent two flow guide plates are different.

[0011] In some embodiments, the number of the flow guide structures arranged in the activation cavity ranges from 2 to 8.

[0012] In some embodiments, the carbon activation device further comprises a heating element, the heating element is wrapped around the outer peripheral wall of the device body, and the activation cavity is located within the heat radiation range of the heating element.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heating element is one of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy heating wire, a silicon-carbon rod, a silicon-molybdenum rod, and a silicon carbide ceramic heating plate.

[0014] The carbon activation device provided by the embodiments of the present application is configured to arrange a plurality of flow guide structures in the lower activation cavity of the carbon activation device, so that the activation gas flows upward through each flow guide structure to form a multi-directional diffusion gas flow field, thereby forming a uniform gas flow field in the activation cavity in the up-down, left-right, and front-back directions. The carbon substrate entering the activation cavity is uniformly distributed in the activation cavity under the driving of the gas flow field, and an activation reaction is generated with the activation gas to obtain porous carbon. This process avoids the accumulation of the carbon substrate, thereby increasing the contact area between the carbon substrate and the activation gas, improving the reaction efficiency between the two, improving the activation reliability of the carbon activation device, i.e., improving the preparation reliability of the carbon activation device for preparing porous carbon. Moreover, the present application does not need to arrange any mechanical stirring element in the carbon activation device, thereby avoiding the dependence of the carbon activation device on the mechanical stirring element, reducing the generation of mechanical failures of the carbon activation device due to the arrangement of the mechanical stirring element, avoiding the damage of the mechanical stirring element to the carbon substrate, thereby improving the operation reliability of the carbon activation device and improving the quality of the porous carbon product.

[0015] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a carbon activation system, which comprises a carbon substrate processing device, an activation gas processing device, and any one of the carbon activation devices described above.

[0016] The carbon substrate processing device is configured to remove oxygen present in the carbon substrate, and the output end of the carbon substrate processing device is in selective communication with the second inlet of the carbon activation device.

[0017] The output end of the activation gas processing device is in selective communication with the first inlet of the carbon activation device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the carbon substrate treatment device comprises a carbon storage tank having a receiving cavity in selective communication with a nitrogen source, an output of the receiving cavity being in selective communication with the second inlet; and / or,

[0019] The activation gas treatment device comprises a mixing preheater, an input of the mixing preheater being in communication with an activation gas source, an output of the mixing preheater being in selective communication with the first inlet.

[0020] In some embodiments, the carbon activation system further comprises a tail gas treatment device, an input of the tail gas treatment device being in communication with a tail gas output of the carbon activation device, an output of the tail gas treatment device being in communication with the activation gas treatment device.

[0021] In some embodiments, the tail gas treatment device comprises a tail gas filtration unit and a tail gas cooling unit, the tail gas filtration unit comprising a first filter and a second filter connected in sequence, the first filter being at least partially disposed in an expansion cavity; the tail gas cooling unit comprising a tail gas cooler and a liquid seal tank in communication, an input of the tail gas cooler being in communication with an output of the second filter, an output of the tail gas cooler being in communication with the activation gas treatment device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the tail gas treatment device further comprises an overpressure delivery pipeline, one end of the overpressure delivery pipeline being in selective communication with the expansion cavity, the other end being at least partially immersed below a liquid level of the liquid seal tank; and / or,

[0023] The tail gas treatment device further comprises a porous carbon cooling device, the porous carbon cooling device being in selective communication with the activation cavity.

[0024] The carbon activation system provided by the embodiments of the present application has the same beneficial effects as the carbon activation device provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described here again.

[0025] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present application described above, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the beneficial effects brought by these technical features, other technical problems solved by the carbon activation device and the carbon activation system provided by the embodiments of the present application, other technical features included in the technical solutions and the beneficial effects brought by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a carbon activation system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Label explanation:

[0029] 10 - carbon activation system;

[0030] 100 - carbon activation device;

[0031] 110 - device body;

[0032] 111 - activation cavity; 112 - expansion cavity; 113 - first inlet; 114 - second inlet;

[0033] 120 - flow guide structure;

[0034] 130 - heating element;

[0035] 210 - carbon storage tank;

[0036] 300 - activation gas treatment device;

[0037] 310 - mixing preheater; 320 - steam generator;

[0038] 400 - tail gas treatment device;

[0039] 410 - filter unit; 420 - tail gas cooling unit; 430 - overpressure conveying pipeline;

[0040] 411 - first filter; 412 - second filter;

[0041] 421 - tail gas cooler; 422 - liquid seal tank;

[0042] 500 - porous carbon cooling device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. The embodiments described below and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0044] Porous carbon has the functions of adsorption, energy storage, and catalyst carrier, and is widely used in environmental governance, new energy, biological medicine, chemical industry, and the like.

[0045] In the related art, the preparation of porous carbon needs a carbon source to go through a carbonization and activation process. In the carbonization process, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and the like in the carbon source are removed to form a carbon-rich carbon base material. The carbon base material is then subjected to an activation process to form porous carbon. In the carbon activation process, the carbon base material and an activation gas, for example, carbon dioxide, water vapor, or the like, react in a carbon activation device to remove part of the carbon in the carbon base material, so that pores are formed on the carbon base material, and porous carbon is obtained. In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the carbon base material and the activation gas in the carbon activation device, a mechanical stirring piece is arranged in the carbon activation device.

[0046] However, in the related art, there are technical problems of low operation reliability of the carbon activation device caused by the powder formed by the carbon base material causing the mechanical stirring piece to jam, make abnormal noise, and be damaged, and technical problems of the mechanical stirring piece damaging the particle size of the carbon base material and affecting the quality of the formed porous carbon particles.

[0047] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a carbon activation device and a carbon activation system to further improve the carbon activation device. The content of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, so that a person of ordinary skill in the art can understand the content of the present application more clearly and in detail.

[0048] It is explained in advance that the carbon activation reaction is the reaction of the carbon base material and the activation gas under a high-temperature environment. In the embodiments of the present application, the activation gas is carbon dioxide or water vapor, or the activation gas is a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor, or the activation gas is a mixture of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen.

[0049] The specific carbon activation reaction formula is as follows:

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Therefore, the carbon base material reacts with water vapor or carbon dioxide, so that part of the solid carbon in the carbon base material is converted into carbon existing in gaseous carbon monoxide, so that part of the solid carbon in the carbon base material is lost to form pores, thereby obtaining a porous carbon.

[0053] See the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a carbon activation system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The carbon activation system 10 includes a carbon activation device 100, and the carbon activation reaction is carried out in the carbon activation device 100. Exemplarily, the carbon activation device 100 is an activation furnace.

[0054] The carbon activation device 100 includes a device body 110 and a plurality of flow guide structures 120.

[0055] Among them, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The device body 110 has an activation cavity 111 and an expansion cavity 112 that are in communication with each other, the activation cavity 111 is located below the expansion cavity 112, and the device body 110 has a first inlet 113 that communicates with the activation cavity 111, and a second inlet 114 that communicates with the expansion cavity 112, so that the carbon base material enters the activation cavity 111 from the second inlet 114 through the expansion cavity 112, the activation gas enters the activation cavity 111 from the first inlet 113, and the carbon base material is dispersed in the activation cavity 111 under the flow guide action of the activation gas, and the activation reaction is carried out between the two.

[0056] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 Vertically, a plurality of flow guide structures 120 are arranged in the activation cavity 111, and exemplarily, the plurality of flow guide structures 120 are fixedly connected with the cavity wall of the activation cavity 111, and the fixed connection mode includes but is not limited to welding, bonding, clamping and the like.

[0057] Further, each flow guide structure 120 has a plurality of flow guide channels with different extension directions, so that the activation gas forms a multi-directional diffusion gas flow field after flowing through the flow guide structure 120.

[0058] Specifically, each flow guide structure 120 includes a plurality of flow guide plates, the plurality of flow guide plates are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the horizontal direction, so that a flow guide channel is formed between adjacent two flow guide plates; and each flow guide plate has an inclined angle with the horizontal direction, and the inclined angles of adjacent two flow guide plates are different, so that the gas flow field formed after the activation gas passes through different flow guide channels of the same flow guide structure 120 includes a plurality of gas flows, and the plurality of gas flows diffuse in different directions to make the plurality of gas flows mix in multiple directions, so that the movement of the gas flow in the up-down, left-right and front-back directions of the activation cavity 111 is more uniform, and the carbon-based material is more uniformly distributed in the activation cavity 111 under the driving of the activation gas, thereby avoiding the accumulation of the carbon-based material, increasing the contact area between the carbon-based material and the activation gas, improving the reaction efficiency between the two, and improving the reliability of the carbon activation device 100 in preparing porous carbon.

[0059] For example, the number of flow guide structures 120 arranged in the activation cavity 111 ranges from 2 to 8, and specifically, the number of flow guide structures 120 arranged in the activation cavity 111 is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.

[0060] Another example, the reaction time of the carbon-based material and the activation gas in the activation cavity 111 ranges from 2 to 72 hours, for example, 2 hours, 10 hours, 20 hours, 50 hours, 70 hours, 72 hours, etc. The required pore density of the porous carbon can be selected.

[0061] It should be noted that the overall flow direction of the activation gas in the activation cavity 111 is from bottom to top. After the activation gas passes through the first flow guide structure 120, a uniformly distributed gas flow field is formed, and the gas flow field further improves the uniformity of the corresponding gas flow field of the second flow guide structure 120 after passing through the second flow guide structure 120. Therefore, the arrangement of the plurality of flow guide structures 120 gradually further improves the uniformity of the gas flow field formed above each flow guide structure 120. Of course, the number of flow guide structures 120 is also limited by the setting place of the carbon activation device 100 and the overall height of the carbon activation device 100.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging a plurality of flow guide structures 120 in the lower activation cavity 111 of the carbon activation device 100, the activation gas is formed into a multi-directional diffusion gas flow field after passing through each flow guide structure 120 from bottom to top, so that the activation cavity 111 forms a uniform gas flow in the up-down, left-right and front-back directions. Then, the carbon-based material entering the activation cavity 111 is uniformly distributed in the activation cavity 111 under the driving of the gas flow field, and reacts with the activation gas to obtain porous carbon. This process avoids the accumulation of carbon-based material, thereby increasing the contact area between the carbon-based material and the activation gas, improving the reaction efficiency between the two, and improving the activation reliability of the carbon activation device 100, i.e., improving the preparation reliability of the carbon activation device 100 for preparing porous carbon. Moreover, the present application does not need to arrange any mechanical stirring member in the carbon activation device 100, which avoids the dependence of the carbon activation device 100 on the mechanical stirring member, reduces the mechanical failure of the carbon activation device 100 caused by the arrangement of the mechanical stirring member, and avoids the damage of the mechanical stirring member to the carbon-based material, thereby improving the operation reliability of the carbon activation device 100 and the quality of the porous carbon product.

[0063] In addition, as shown in Figure 1 The carbon activation device 100 further comprises a heating member 130, which is wrapped around the outer peripheral wall of the device body 110 to avoid the deposition of carbon-based material on the heating member 130, and the activation cavity 111 is located within the heat radiation range of the heating member 130. The arrangement of the heating member 130 provides a suitable temperature for the reaction between the carbon-based material and the activation gas in the activation cavity 111, thereby improving the reaction efficiency between the two and improving the reliability of the carbon activation device 100 for preparing porous carbon.

[0064] Further, the heating member 130 is wrapped around the outer peripheral wall of the carbon activation device 100 corresponding to the activation cavity 111.

[0065] For example, the heating member 130 is one of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy heating wire, a silicon-carbon rod, a silicon-molybdenum rod, and a silicon carbide ceramic heating plate. The reaction temperature range provided by the heating member 130 for the activation cavity 111 is 800-1200°C, for example, 800°C, 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C, 1200°C, etc.

[0066] In addition, as shown in Figure 1 The carbon activation system 10 further comprises a carbon-based material processing device and an activation gas processing device 300; the carbon-based material processing device is configured to remove oxygen present in the carbon-based material, and the output end of the carbon-based material processing device is in selective communication with the second inlet 114 in the carbon activation device 100 to provide the carbon activation device 100 with carbon-based material after the removal of oxygen elements; and the output end of the activation gas processing device 300 is in selective communication with the first inlet 113 in the carbon activation device 100 to provide the carbon activation device 100 with processed activation gas.

[0067] It should be noted that the carbon source is carbonized by the carbon base material, and after removing the non-carbon elements in the carbon source, the non-carbon elements are hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and the like. Among them, the carbon source can be the shell, seed coat, stem and the like of plants, or coal, tar, pitch, resin and the like.

[0068] As shown in Figure 1 The carbon base material treatment device includes a carbon storage tank 210 and a nitrogen source. The carbon storage tank 210 has a containing cavity, and the containing cavity is in selective communication with the nitrogen source. After the nitrogen source is introduced into the carbon storage tank 210, the oxygen in the containing cavity, including the oxygen present in the carbon base material, is replaced to avoid the carbon base material with oxygen entering the carbon activation device 100. Oxygen reacts with the carbon base material to cause unnecessary loss of the carbon base material, resulting in a decrease in the yield of porous carbon.

[0069] Of course, the carbon storage tank 210 also has an oxygen outlet and a carbon base material input port to facilitate the input of carbon base material with oxygen into the containing cavity of the carbon storage tank 210, and the discharge of oxygen during the nitrogen replacement process.

[0070] The containing cavity also has an output port in selective communication with the second inlet 114 to facilitate the input of carbon base material without oxygen into the carbon activation device 100.

[0071] As shown in Figure 1 The activation gas treatment device 300 also includes a mixing preheater 310. The input end of the mixing preheater 310 is in communication with the activation gas source, and the output end of the mixing preheater 310 is in selective communication with the first inlet 113. The activation gas is preheated by the mixing preheater 310 to preheat the activation gas entering the activation cavity 111, thereby reducing the heating burden of the heating member 130 and improving the heating reliability. After the activation gas is preheated by the mixing preheater 310, the temperature range is 300-900°C, for example, 300°C, 500°C, 600°C, 800°C, 900°C, etc.

[0072] For example, the gas source includes a carbon dioxide gas source, a water vapor gas source and a nitrogen gas source. The storage of the corresponding gas source can be a corresponding gas source tank. A conveying pipeline is arranged between each gas source tank and the mixing preheater 310, so that the type of gas entering the mixing preheater 310 can be selected. And a flow meter and a control valve are arranged on each conveying pipeline to meter and control each gas source entering the mixing preheater 310.

[0073] As shown in Figure 1 During the preparation of the water vapor gas source, a steam generator 320 can be arranged between the water source and the water vapor gas source tank to convert liquid water into gaseous water vapor.

[0074] In addition, as shown in Figure 1 The carbon activation system 10 further comprises a tail gas treatment device 400, an input end of the tail gas treatment device 400 being in communication with an output end of the tail gas of the carbon activation device 100, and an output end of the tail gas treatment device 400 being in communication with the activated gas treatment device 300, so as to serve as a fuel in the heat production process of the mixed preheater 310 in the activated gas treatment device 300.

[0075] It should be noted that when the reaction of the carbon substrate and the activated gas in the carbon activation device 100 is completed, the porous carbon formed is deposited at the bottom of the activated cavity 111 through the flow guide channel of the flow guide structure 120, and the carbon monoxide or the mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen formed floats at the top of the expansion cavity 112. Here, the carbon monoxide or the mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is referred to as tail gas, and therefore the tail gas treatment device 400 is arranged to discharge the tail gas out of the carbon activation device 100. The tail gas is reused as a heat energy fuel in the heat production process of the mixed preheater 310, thereby reducing resource waste, saving energy, and improving the recycling rate of resources in the carbon activation system 10.

[0076] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The tail gas treatment device 400 comprises a tail gas filtering unit 410 and a tail gas cooling unit 420. The tail gas filtering unit 410 is configured to filter the tail gas generated by the carbon activation device 100 to obtain clean tail gas, and the tail gas cooling unit 420 is configured to cool the high-temperature clean tail gas to facilitate subsequent processing or reuse of the clean tail gas.

[0077] An adjusting valve is arranged between the tail gas filtering unit 410 and the tail gas cooling unit 420 to regulate the pressure in the activated cavity 111 and the expansion cavity 112 in the carbon activation device 100. The pressure regulation range is 10-200 kPa, for example, 10 kPa, 50 kPa, 100 kPa, 150 kPa, 200 kPa, etc., so as to control the flow speed of the activated gas in the activated cavity 111 and the reaction time between the activated gas and the carbon substrate.

[0078] Further, as shown in Figure 1 The tail gas filtering unit 410 comprises a first filter 411 and a second filter 412 connected in sequence, and the first filter 411 is at least partially arranged in the expansion cavity 112. The first filter 411 and the second filter 412 are arranged to filter the porous carbon particles carried out of the tail gas to obtain clean tail gas, and the double filters improve the filtering reliability of the tail gas and reduce the loss of porous carbon particles.

[0079] Exemplarily, the first filter 411 and the second filter 412 each include a plurality of filter screens with apertures, wherein the first filter 411 is fixedly arranged on the top of the carbon activation device 100, and further includes a housing and a connecting rod fixedly arranged on the housing, the connecting rod partially extends into the expansion cavity 112, and a plurality of filter screens are arranged on the connecting rod in a spaced manner, so that the tail gas in the expansion cavity 112 passes through the plurality of filter screens and is discharged out of the carbon activation device 100.

[0080] As shown in Figure 1 , the tail gas cooling unit 420 includes a tail gas cooler 421 and a liquid seal tank 422 in communication.

[0081] The input end of the tail gas cooler 421 is in communication with the output end of the second filter 412, and is used for cooling the purified tail gas obtained after being filtered by the tail gas filtering unit 410, so as to facilitate the subsequent treatment or recycling of the purified tail gas. During the cooling process of the purified tail gas in the tail gas cooler 421, the condensed water generated can be discharged into the liquid seal tank 422 for collection.

[0082] Exemplarily, the temperature of the purified tail gas after being cooled by the tail gas cooler 421 ranges from 40 to 100℃, for example, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 80℃, 100℃, etc., so as to facilitate the subsequent treatment or recycling of the purified tail gas.

[0083] The bottom end of the liquid seal tank 422 is provided with a drain port and a drain pipeline connected with the drain port, the other end of the drain pipeline can be in communication with a sewage treatment station, and a liquid discharge valve is arranged on the drain pipeline. When the liquid level in the liquid seal tank exceeds a specified liquid level, the liquid discharge valve can be opened to discharge the excess waste water in the liquid seal tank into the sewage treatment station.

[0084] Further, the carbon activation system 10 further includes a controller, and a liquid level gauge is arranged in the liquid seal tank 422. The liquid level gauge and the liquid discharge valve are in signal connection with the controller. When the controller identifies that the liquid level value in the liquid level gauge exceeds a set value, the liquid discharge valve is opened to discharge the excess waste water in the liquid seal tank into the sewage treatment station, so that the liquid seal tank 422 automatically discharges liquid, and the manual operation steps of the operator are reduced.

[0085] The output end of the tail gas cooler 421 is in communication with the activation gas treatment device 300, so that the cooled purified tail gas is used as a heat energy fuel in the heating process of the mixed preheater 310 in the activation gas treatment device 300.

[0086] In addition, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the tail gas treatment device 400 further comprises an overpressure conveying pipe 430, one end of which is in selective communication with the expansion chamber 112 and the other end of which extends at least partially below the liquid level of the liquid seal tank 422. As an example, the overpressure conveying pipe 430 is provided with a bursting disc, when the pressure in the carbon activation device 100 exceeds the pressure bearing value of the bursting disc, the bursting disc breaks, and the tail gas is directly conveyed to the liquid seal tank 422 through the overpressure conveying pipe 430 for washing and purification, and then discharged for treatment or recycling. In this way, the safety of the carbon activation system 10 is improved, and the damage of the carbon activation system 10 is reduced.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the tail gas treatment device 400 further comprises a porous carbon cooling device 500 in selective communication with the activation chamber 111. As an example, the porous carbon cooling device 500 is a cooling tank, which comprises a circulating water cooling channel. The cooling water in the circulating water cooling channel exchanges heat with the high-temperature porous carbon through an interwall heat exchange mode, so as to facilitate the subsequent transportation and utilization of the porous carbon.

[0088] Further, the carbon activation device 100 further comprises a porous carbon discharge outlet in communication with the activation chamber 111, which is selectively connected to the porous carbon cooling device 500 to collect and cool the porous carbon obtained by the carbon activation device 100, so as to obtain a finished product of porous carbon. The transportation of the porous carbon between the activation chamber 111 and the porous carbon cooling device 500 and the subsequent utilization of the finished product of porous carbon can be achieved by using a pneumatic conveying mode. Of course, the subsequent transportation of the finished product of porous carbon can also be achieved by using a receiving belt to receive the porous carbon from the porous carbon cooling device 500 and then transport the porous carbon.

[0089] It should be noted that in each of the above embodiments, conveying pipes are provided between the carbon storage tank 210 and the nitrogen source, between the carbon storage tank 210 and the carbon activation device 100, between the mixing preheater 310 and the carbon activation device 100, between the first filter 411 and the second filter 412, between the tail gas cooler 421 and the liquid seal tank 422, between the tail gas cooler 421 and the mixing preheater 310, between the porous carbon cooling device 500 and the carbon activation device 100, and at the porous carbon discharge outlet, to form conveying channels for the corresponding substances. Control valves are provided on each of the conveying pipes to control the transportation of each substance. As an example, the control valves can be pneumatic valves, hydraulic valves, electric valves, etc.

[0090] It should be noted that the use of "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "certain embodiments," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "one specific embodiment," or words of similar meaning in this specification are not used to limit or restrict the scope of the application, but are instead used to connect optional features to the various embodiments. Such phrases are not intended to mean that certain features are included in some embodiments but not in others. Rather, these phrases are used to describe features that can or can not be utilized in one or more embodiments of the application.

[0091] In general, terminology can be understood at least in part from usage in context. For example, terms, such as "one or more" as used herein, can be understood as describing any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular or multiple sense. Similarly, terms, such as "a" or "an," as used herein can be understood to convey a meaning of "one or more" when they do not explicitly convey such a meaning.

[0092] It will be readily understood that the terms "on," "above," and "over," as used herein, shall not be construed so as to mean only "directly on" but shall be interpreted to mean the aforementioned terms above as well as in a manner that includes intervening features or layers (i.e., "on" means "on, above, or over"). Similarly, the terms "above" and "over," as used herein, shall not be construed so as to mean only "directly above" or "directly over" but shall be interpreted to mean the aforementioned terms above as well as in a manner that includes no intervening features or layers (i.e., "above" or "over" means "directly above" or "directly over").

[0093] In addition, spatially relative terms, such as "beneath", "below", "lower", "above", "upper", and the like, can be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. The devices can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90° or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the scope of the application; although the above-described embodiments of the present application have been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still make modifications to the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features thereof; and such modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon activation device, characterized in that, include: The device body (110) has an activation chamber (111) and an expansion chamber (112) that are connected to each other. The activation chamber (111) is located below the expansion chamber (112). The device body (110) has a first inlet (113) that is connected to the activation chamber (111) and a second inlet (114) that is connected to the expansion chamber (112). Multiple flow guiding structures (120) are arranged vertically and spaced apart in the activation cavity (111); each flow guiding structure (120) has multiple flow guiding channels with different extension directions, so that the activated gas forms a multi-directional diffused airflow field after flowing through the flow guiding structure (120); Each of the flow guiding structures (120) includes multiple flow guiding plates, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the horizontal direction. Each of the flow guiding plates has an inclined angle with the horizontal direction, and the inclined angles of two adjacent flow guiding plates are different. This allows the airflow field formed by the activated gas through different flow guiding channels of the same flow guiding structure (120) to include multiple airflows, which diffuse in different directions to allow the multiple airflows to mix in multiple directions. The carbon activation device (100) further includes a heating element (130), which covers the outer peripheral wall of the device body (110) corresponding to the activation cavity (111), and the activation cavity (111) is located within the heat radiation range of the heating element (130).

2. The carbon activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of flow guiding structures (120) provided in the activation cavity (111) ranges from 2 to 8.

3. The carbon activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element (130) is one of the following: iron-chromium-aluminum alloy heating wire, silicon carbide rod, silicon molybdenum rod, and silicon carbide ceramic heating plate.

4. A carbon activation system, characterized in that, The carbon activation system (10) includes a carbon substrate processing device, an activation gas processing device (300), and a carbon activation device (100) as described in any one of claims 1-3. A carbon substrate treatment apparatus is configured to remove oxygen present in a carbon substrate, and the output of the carbon substrate treatment apparatus is selectively connected to a second inlet (114) in the carbon activation apparatus (100); The output of the activating gas treatment device (300) is selectively connected to the first inlet (113) in the carbon activation device (100).

5. The carbon activation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon substrate processing apparatus includes a carbon storage tank (210) and a nitrogen source. The carbon storage tank (210) has a receiving cavity, which is selectively connected to the nitrogen source. The outlet of the receiving cavity is selectively connected to the second inlet (114); and / or, The activated gas processing device (300) includes a mixing preheater (310), the input end of which is connected to the activated gas source, and the output end of which is selectively connected to the first inlet (113).

6. The carbon activation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon activation system (10) further includes an exhaust gas treatment device (400), the input end of which is connected to the exhaust gas output end of the carbon activation device (100), and the output end of which is connected to the activation gas treatment device (300).

7. The carbon activation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exhaust gas treatment device (400) includes an exhaust gas filtration unit (410) and an exhaust gas cooling unit (420). The exhaust gas filtration unit (410) includes a first filter (411) and a second filter (412) connected in sequence. The first filter (411) is at least partially disposed in the expansion chamber (112). The exhaust gas cooling unit (420) includes an exhaust gas cooler (421) and a liquid seal tank (422) connected in series. The input end of the exhaust gas cooler (421) is connected to the output end of the second filter (412), and the output end of the exhaust gas cooler (421) is connected to the activated gas treatment device (300).

8. The carbon activation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exhaust gas treatment device (400) further includes an overpressure delivery pipe (430), one end of which is selectively connected to the expansion chamber (112), and the other end extends at least partially below the liquid surface of the liquid seal tank (422); and / or, The exhaust gas treatment device (400) further includes a porous carbon cooling device (500), which is selectively connected to the activation chamber (111).

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