Nylon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a nylon composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nylon composite materials. The nylon composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35-75.5 parts of nylon resin; 20 to 40 parts of glass fiber; 2-15 parts of a wear-resistant agent; 1 to 5 parts of silicone; 1-5 parts of a compatilizer; 0.5 to 1 part of an antioxidant; 0.5 to 1.5 parts of a lubricant; 0.5 to 1.5 parts of a coloring agent; the wear-resistant agent comprises more than one of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, a hyperbranched polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene and silicone oil. The nylon composite material is prepared by compounding the nylon resin, the glass fiber, the wear-resistant agent, the silicone, the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the lubricant and the coloring agent, so that the wear resistance and the melt strength of the nylon composite material are remarkably improved, meanwhile, the nylon composite material has excellent machinability and mechanical properties, the machinability and the dimensional precision of wear-resistant products can be improved, the service life of the wear-resistant products can be prolonged, and the processing efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nylon composite materials technology, and in particular to a nylon composite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Nylon (polyamide), as a high-performance engineering plastic, is widely used in automotive parts, electronics, machinery, and sporting goods due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, processability, and good wear resistance. However, traditional nylons (such as nylon 6 and nylon 66) suffer from insufficient melt strength during high-temperature processing, leading to melt fracture or sagging during blow molding, foaming, and thermoforming processes. In particular, during injection molding, excessively low melt strength in nylon materials results in high fluidity, low elastic recovery, a narrow process window, and a tendency to form flash, affecting the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the nylon material, deteriorating its mechanical properties, increasing processing difficulty and production costs, and limiting its application in complex structural parts and lightweight materials.

[0003] When applying nylon materials to high-speed motion or high-load friction scenarios (such as gears, bearings, and guide rails), their wear resistance still needs further improvement. While conventional toughening modifications to nylon materials (such as adding elastomers) can improve toughness, they often lead to a decrease in material rigidity, melt strength, and wear resistance. Filling nylon materials with wear-resistant fillers (such as molybdenum disulfide, graphene, and carbon fiber) can improve wear resistance, but it deteriorates melt flowability and increases processing difficulty.

[0004] Therefore, traditional modification methods cannot improve the wear resistance of nylon while simultaneously increasing its melt strength to ensure its processing quality and mechanical properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the main objective of this application is to provide a nylon composite material, its preparation method, and its application, so as to improve the wear resistance of the nylon composite material and increase its melt strength, thereby solving the flash problem and ensuring its processing quality and mechanical properties.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a nylon composite material comprising the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0007] 35-75.5 parts of nylon resin;

[0008] 20-40 parts glass fiber;

[0009] 2-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0010] 1-5 parts silicone;

[0011] 1-5 parts compatibilizer;

[0012] Antioxidant 0.5-1 part;

[0013] 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant;

[0014] Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts;

[0015] The wear-resistant agent includes one or more of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, hyperbranched polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, and silicone oil.

[0016] In some embodiments, the compatibilizer includes one or more of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride grafted with ethylene-octene copolymer, and ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer.

[0017] In some embodiments, the nylon resin includes PA66 and / or PA6T / 66.

[0018] In some embodiments, the nylon resin includes PA66 and PA6T / 66.

[0019] In some implementations, the mass ratio of PA66 to PA6T / 66 is 1:1 to 4:1.

[0020] In some embodiments, the glass fiber comprises chopped glass fiber;

[0021] The lubricant includes one or more of stearic acid, ethylene bis-stearamide, oxidized polyethylene wax, and calcium stearate;

[0022] The colorant includes pigments. In some embodiments, the antioxidant includes hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants.

[0023] In some embodiments, the hindered phenolic antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1330, and antioxidant 259;

[0024] The phosphite antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 626, and PEP-36. In some embodiments, the nylon composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0025] 38-53 parts of nylon resin;

[0026] 20-40 parts glass fiber;

[0027] 2-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0028] 1-5 parts silicone;

[0029] 1-5 parts compatibilizer;

[0030] Antioxidant 0.5-1 part;

[0031] 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant;

[0032] Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts.

[0033] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the nylon composite material described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0034] The raw materials are mixed, melt-extruded, and granulated to prepare the nylon composite material.

[0035] The third aspect of this application provides the application of nylon composite materials prepared by the preparation methods of the nylon composite materials described in the first aspect or the second aspect in wear-resistant products.

[0036] Compared with traditional technologies, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0037] This application describes the preparation of nylon composite materials by compounding nylon resin, glass fiber, abrasion-resistant agent, silicone, compatibilizer, antioxidant, lubricant, and colorant. This significantly improves the abrasion resistance and melt strength of the nylon composite materials, solves the flash problem, and ensures processing quality and mechanical properties. Specifically, the use of abrasion-resistant agents and silicone with high melt strength enhances the elastic deformation capacity of the melt at high temperatures, increases melt strength, solves the flash problem generated during processing, and maintains excellent mechanical properties. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and examples. These embodiments and examples are only for illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. It should also be understood that the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or alterations without departing from the spirit of the present application, and the equivalent forms obtained also fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a fuller understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0040] To address the current problem that nylon materials cannot simultaneously possess high melt strength, high wear resistance, and high mechanical properties, this application provides a nylon composite material, its preparation method, and its application. By using silicone and wear-resistant agents, the wear resistance of the nylon composite material can be improved while increasing its melt strength, thereby solving the flash problem generated during processing and ensuring its processing quality and mechanical properties.

[0041] The first aspect of this application provides a nylon composite material comprising the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0042] 35-75.5 parts of nylon resin;

[0043] 20-40 parts glass fiber;

[0044] 2-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0045] 1-5 parts silicone;

[0046] 1-5 parts compatibilizer;

[0047] Antioxidant 0.5-1 part;

[0048] 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant;

[0049] Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts;

[0050] The wear-resistant agent includes one or more of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, hyperbranched polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, and silicone oil.

[0051] This application describes the preparation of nylon composite materials by compounding nylon resin, glass fiber, wear-resistant agent, silicone, compatibilizer, antioxidant, lubricant and colorant, thereby improving the wear resistance and melt strength of nylon composite materials, solving the flash problem generated during processing, and maintaining excellent mechanical properties.

[0052] In some embodiments, the nylon resin includes PA66 and / or PA6T / 66.

[0053] In some embodiments, the nylon resin includes PA66 and PA6T / 66.

[0054] In some embodiments, PA66 includes one or more of grades EPR24, EPR27, and EP122.

[0055] In some embodiments, PA6T / 66 includes grade A1020.

[0056] In some implementations, the mass ratio of PA66 to PA6T / 66 is 1:1 to 4:1, which can be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 or 4:1.

[0057] In some embodiments, the nylon resin includes grades EPR27 and A1020.

[0058] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant agent comprises high molecular weight polyethylene and / or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0059] In some embodiments, the compatibilizer includes one or more of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH), maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer (POE-g-MAH), and ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (EMA-g-GMA).

[0060] In some embodiments, the glass fiber comprises chopped glass fiber;

[0061] The lubricant includes one or more of stearic acid, ethylene bis-stearamide, oxidized polyethylene wax, and calcium stearate;

[0062] The colorant includes pigment.

[0063] This application, while ensuring processing performance, improves the wear resistance and melt strength of nylon composite materials by using special flow aids (lubricants) to disperse wear-resistant agents and silicones, solves the flash problem generated during processing, and maintains the excellent mechanical properties of nylon composite materials.

[0064] In some embodiments, the chopped glass fibers comprise alkali-free E-glass chopped fibers; the alkali-free E-glass chopped fibers comprise one or more of the following raw materials:

[0065] Alkali-free E-glass chopped fiber, product model 568H, purchased from China Jushi Group Co., Ltd.

[0066] Alkali-free E-glass chopped fiber, product model T435TM, purchased from Taishan Glass Fiber Co., Ltd.

[0067] The alkali-free E-glass chopped fiber, model number 301CL, was purchased from Chongqing International Composite Materials Co., Ltd.

[0068] In some embodiments, the antioxidant includes hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants.

[0069] In some embodiments, the antioxidant includes hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants, wherein the mass ratio of the hindered phenolic antioxidants to the phosphite antioxidants is 1:0.5-2, and can be 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5 or 1:2.

[0070] In some embodiments, the hindered phenolic antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1330, and antioxidant 259.

[0071] In some embodiments, the phosphite antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 626, and PEP-36.

[0072] In some embodiments, the pigment includes carbon black.

[0073] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the nylon resin to the glass fiber is 5:3 to 1:1, and can be 5:3, 10:7, 5:4 or 1:1.

[0074] In some embodiments, the nylon composite material comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0075] 38-53 parts of nylon resin;

[0076] 20-40 parts glass fiber;

[0077] 2-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0078] 1-5 parts silicone;

[0079] 1-5 parts compatibilizer;

[0080] Antioxidant 0.5-1 part;

[0081] 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant;

[0082] Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts.

[0083] In some embodiments, the nylon composite material comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0084] 40-70 parts of nylon resin;

[0085] 30-40 parts glass fiber;

[0086] 5-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0087] 1-5 parts silicone;

[0088] 1-5 parts compatibilizer;

[0089] Antioxidant 0.5-1 part;

[0090] 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant;

[0091] Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts.

[0092] In some embodiments, the nylon composite material comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0093] 40-70 parts of nylon resin;

[0094] 30-40 parts glass fiber;

[0095] 10 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0096] 3 parts silicone;

[0097] 5 parts compatibilizer;

[0098] Antioxidant 0.5 parts;

[0099] 1 part lubricant;

[0100] 1 part colorant.

[0101] In some embodiments, the nylon composite material comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0102] 40-50 parts of nylon resin;

[0103] 30-40 parts glass fiber;

[0104] 10 parts of abrasion-resistant agent;

[0105] 3 parts silicone;

[0106] 5 parts compatibilizer;

[0107] Antioxidant 0.5 parts;

[0108] 1 part lubricant;

[0109] 1 part colorant.

[0110] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing the nylon composite material described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0111] The raw materials are mixed, melt-extruded, and granulated to prepare the nylon composite material.

[0112] In some embodiments, the steps of mixing, melt extruding, and granulating the raw materials include: mixing and stirring the raw materials other than glass fiber evenly using a high-speed mixer, then feeding the glass fiber side into a twin-screw extruder, melt extruding, water cooling, traction, and pelletizing.

[0113] In some embodiments, the conditions for using a high-speed mixer to mix and stir the raw materials other than glass fiber uniformly include: a stirring speed of 500-2000 rpm, which can be 500 rpm, 600 rpm, 800 rpm, 1000 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1400 rpm, 1600 rpm, 1800 rpm or 2000 rpm, and a stirring time of 1-20 min, which can be 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, 5 min, 8 min, 10 min, 12 min, 15 min, 18 min or 20 min.

[0114] This application uses various raw materials to prepare nylon composite materials, which significantly improve melt strength and wear resistance, while also possessing excellent mechanical and processing properties.

[0115] The third aspect of this application provides the application of nylon composite materials prepared by the preparation methods of the nylon composite materials described in the first aspect or the second aspect in wear-resistant products.

[0116] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant product includes one or more of gears, bearings, and guide rails.

[0117] This application applies the nylon composite material to wear-resistant products. Through its excellent melt strength, wear resistance and mechanical properties, it can improve the machinability, dimensional accuracy and service life of wear-resistant products, and improve processing efficiency.

[0118] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. For experimental methods in the following embodiments where specific conditions are not specified, please refer to the guidelines given in this application, or follow experimental manuals or conventional conditions in the art, or follow the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, or refer to experimental methods known in the art.

[0119] As an example, the sources of each raw material are shown below:

[0120] Nylon resin PA66: purchased from Henan Shenma, product model EPR27, viscosity 2.7;

[0121] Nylon resin PA6T / 66: purchased from BASF, product model Ultramid® T6000;

[0122] Fiberglass 568H: Purchased from China Jushi Group Co., Ltd.;

[0123] PE-g-MAH: Purchased from Jia Yi Rong, product model CMG5804;

[0124] POE-g-MAH: Purchased from Jia Yi Rong, product model CMG5805-L;

[0125] EMA-g-GMA: Purchased from SK Chemicals, product model AX8900;

[0126] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: purchased from Mitsui Chemicals, product model L5000;

[0127] Polytetrafluoroethylene: purchased from DuPont, USA, product model MP1300;

[0128] Silicone: Purchased from Jinmu New Materials, product model K6105.

[0129] Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0130] The raw material amounts for Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1. The raw materials were taken according to the proportions in Table 1, and the raw materials other than glass fiber were mixed evenly using a high-speed mixer. The mixing speed of the high-speed mixer was 1000 rpm. After mixing for 3 minutes, the glass fiber side was fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, followed by water cooling, traction, and pelletizing to prepare nylon composite materials.

[0131] Table 1. Raw material composition and dosage of nylon composite materials in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0132]

[0133] " / " indicates that it was not added.

[0134] Experimental Example 1

[0135] Mechanical properties, abrasion resistance and melt strength of the nylon composite materials of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0136] The nylon composite materials of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were injection molded into uniform mechanical specimens (used as samples after standing for 48 hours) and 2 mm thick color plates for testing mechanical properties. The wear-resistant specimens were 60 cm * 60 cm * 3.2 mm in size, and the wear resistance was evaluated by the percentage of wear.

[0137] Mechanical property testing methods:

[0138] Notched impact strength test: The notched impact strength is tested at 23℃ using the ISO 179 / A standard.

[0139] Tensile strength test: At 23℃, the specimen was pulled apart at a constant speed of 5 mm / min according to ISO 527-2 standard, and the maximum stress (tensile strength) at the time of fracture was tested.

[0140] Bending strength and bending modulus testing: At 23℃, the specimen was subjected to three-point bending at a speed of 2 mm / min according to ISO 178 standard, and the maximum stress (bending strength) and the slope of the linear segment (bending modulus) were recorded.

[0141] Heat distortion temperature test: The test is conducted according to ISO 75-2 standard. Under a constant bending stress of 1.80 MPa, the sample is heated at a standard heating rate. The temperature at which the sample produces a deflection of 0.25 mm is the heat distortion temperature.

[0142] Wear resistance test method: Rotate for 1 hour under a load of 170N and a speed of 420rpm, and evaluate the wear rate according to ASTM3702 standard.

[0143] Melt strength testing method: By fixing the injection molding process, the melt strength is indirectly evaluated by observing the stress and flash conditions of the injection molded sample from the small gate mold.

[0144] The properties of the nylon composite materials of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 2.

[0145] Table 2 shows that, compared with Examples 1-6, Comparative Examples 1-3, which did not use compatibilizers, wear-resistant agents, and silicone, exhibited significantly higher wear rates, severe flash, and white radial streaks on the surface. This indicates that the use of compatibilizers, wear-resistant agents, and silicone in this application can significantly improve the wear resistance and melt strength of nylon composite materials, while also providing good mechanical properties.

[0146] Compared to the 4:1 mass ratio of EPR27 to A1020 in the nylon resin of Example 1, Example 2 reduced the mass ratio of EPR27 to A1020 to 1:1, resulting in a 33% reduction in abrasion rate. This indicates that in nylon resins with a mass ratio of PA66 to PA6T / 66 in the range of 1:1 to 4:1, the lower the mass ratio, the better the abrasion resistance.

[0147] Compared to Example 2, which used 50 parts nylon resin and 30 parts glass fiber, Example 3, which used 40 parts nylon resin and 40 parts glass fiber, showed a 38% reduction in abrasion rate. This indicates that the lower the mass ratio of the nylon resin to the glass fiber (between 5:3 and 1:1), the better the abrasion resistance.

[0148] Compared to Example 3, which used polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as the wear-resistant agent, Example 4, which used ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as the wear-resistant agent, showed a 20% increase in wear rate and slightly more severe flash. This indicates that the nylon composite material prepared using PTFE as the wear-resistant agent exhibits superior wear resistance and melt strength compared to using UHMWPE.

[0149] Comparing Examples 4-6, it can be seen that the wear resistance of nylon composite materials prepared using different compatibilizers PE-g-MAH, POE-g-MAH, and EMA-g-GMA is not significantly different.

[0150] Table 2. Mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and flash characteristics of nylon composite materials from Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0151]

[0152] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0153] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A nylon composite material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 35-75.5 parts of nylon resin; 20-40 parts glass fiber; 2-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent; 1-5 parts silicone; 1-5 parts compatibilizer; Antioxidant 0.5-1 part; 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant; Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts; The wear-resistant agent includes one or more of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, hyperbranched polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, and silicone oil.

2. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compatibilizer includes one or more of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride grafted with ethylene-octene copolymer, and ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer.

3. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nylon resin includes PA66 and / or PA6T / 66; optionally, the nylon resin includes PA66 and PA6T / 66.

4. The nylon composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of PA66 to PA6T / 66 is 1:1 to 4:

1.

5. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass fiber includes chopped glass fiber; The lubricant includes one or more of stearic acid, ethylene bis-stearamide, oxidized polyethylene wax, and calcium stearate; The colorant includes pigment.

6. The nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The antioxidants include hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants.

7. The nylon composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hindered phenolic antioxidants include one or more of antioxidants 1098, 1010, 1330, and 259. The phosphite antioxidants include one or more of antioxidant 168, antioxidant 626, and PEP-36.

8. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 38-53 parts of nylon resin; 20-40 parts glass fiber; 2-15 parts of abrasion-resistant agent; 1-5 parts silicone; 1-5 parts compatibilizer; Antioxidant 0.5-1 part; 0.5-1.5 parts lubricant; Colorant 0.5-1.5 parts.

9. The method for preparing the nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw materials are mixed, melt-extruded, and granulated to prepare the nylon composite material.

10. The application of the nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1-8 or the nylon composite material prepared by the preparation method of claim 9 in wear-resistant products.

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