Monitoring device and monitoring method for root spacing of power transmission tower

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring device and a monitoring method for root spacing of a power transmission tower. The monitoring device comprises an acquisition module, a transmission processing module and a monitoring data processing module, the acquisition module is arranged on a power transmission tower and is used for acquiring inclination angle data of a tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is in communication connection with the acquisition module and is used for receiving the inclination angle data, executing on-site processing and uploading a result to a server or a cloud platform; and the monitoring data processing module is in communication connection with the transmission processing module, and is used for processing monitoring data on a server or a cloud platform to obtain a calculation result of the current inclination angle of the power transmission tower, and evaluating the root pitch displacement abnormal condition of the power transmission tower according to a power transmission tower inclination angle change value standard table. According to the invention, the requirement of manual regular inspection can be reduced, the remote control capability of transmission tower monitoring is enhanced, the dependence on manual inspection is significantly reduced, the state remote monitoring of the transmission tower is realized, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power transmission towers, in particular to a monitoring device and a monitoring method for the root spacing of a power transmission tower. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core structure supporting high-voltage or extra-high-voltage overhead transmission lines, power transmission towers are widely distributed in various complex geographical environments including plains, hills, mountains, and valleys. As a typical high-rise structure, power transmission towers are exposed to the natural environment for a long time and bear various static and dynamic loads, including wind load, icing load, temperature change, foundation settlement, and potential geological disasters (such as landslides and mudslides). The structural safety and stability of power transmission towers are critical to the reliable operation of the power grid.

[0003] However, the safety state of the power transmission tower structure is not constant. When extreme weather conditions (such as strong typhoons and hurricanes) cause excessive wind force, the large overturning moment may cause the tower body to tilt or locally destabilize. At the same time, the internal components of the power transmission tower may be damaged or fail due to fatigue, corrosion, bolt loosening, welding defects, or accidental impact during long-term service. Abnormalities in the internal components of the power transmission tower, even if they are initially small, may trigger a chain reaction under certain load combinations, ultimately leading to irreversible deformation, instability, or even collapse of the tower body, resulting in significant economic losses and social impacts.

[0004] For a long time, the monitoring and early warning of the operating state of power transmission towers have mainly relied on traditional manual periodic inspection modes. Inspection personnel need to climb the tower or use tools such as binoculars to visually inspect or simply measure the tower structure, foundation, fittings, insulators, etc. This approach has significant limitations: 1. Early warning is not timely: The manual inspection cycle is usually long (once every few weeks or even months), making it difficult to capture early signs of sudden or gradual damage to the structure state in a short period of time (such as during strong winds). Accidents often occur during the inspection interval, providing no effective early warning time.

[0005] 2. Time-consuming and labor-intensive: Especially in complex terrain and difficult-to-reach mountainous areas, manual inspection is inefficient, costly, and poses a risk to the safety of the inspection personnel.

[0006] 3. Low degree of automation: Relying on manual observation and judgment, it is highly subjective and easily influenced by environmental light, personnel experience, etc., making it difficult to achieve objective, quantitative, and continuous monitoring.

[0007] 4. Limited monitoring dimension: Traditional manual inspection usually focuses on visible defects such as tower body inclination, component corrosion, bolt loss, etc. There is a lack of efficient, accurate and continuous monitoring means for the key geometric parameters that reflect the overall stiffness of the tower body and the stability of the foundation, i.e. the change of the root opening (i.e. the distance between the tower leg foundations) of the transmission tower.

[0008] Although some automated monitoring technologies have emerged in recent years, such as inclination sensor monitoring tower body inclination, stress and strain sensor monitoring key component stress, image recognition monitoring apparent defects, etc., there are still obvious deficiencies or gaps in the monitoring of the core indicators of the foundation stability and overall structural stiffness of the transmission tower, i.e. the "root opening".

[0009] The root opening of the transmission tower is a direct reflection of the distance between its foundations, and is the geometric basis for the tower body to resist overturning moment and maintain stability. Any factor that causes uneven settlement of the foundation, abnormal stress of the tower leg or overall distortion of the tower body (such as foundation scouring, foundation softening, tower leg component damage, excessive unbalanced tension, etc.) will eventually produce measurable changes (increase, decrease or asymmetric change) in the root opening size. This change is often a key indicator of early deterioration or impending instability of the tower structure, and its sensitivity may be much higher than the change in the inclination angle at the tower top.

[0010] However, there is a serious lack of automated, high-precision, real-time monitoring means for this key parameter in the existing technical system. Manual measurement of the root opening is not only inefficient and limited in accuracy, but also cannot achieve continuous monitoring. Existing automated sensors (such as inclination meters) are mainly installed on the tower body or the tower top, reflecting the offset of the upper part of the tower body relative to the vertical axis, and are not sensitive enough to the subtle changes in the root opening at the foundation level, leaving a monitoring blind area.

[0011] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an intelligent monitoring device and method specifically for the root opening of the transmission tower to achieve continuous, automatic and high-precision measurement of the root opening size, overcoming the limitations of traditional manual inspection and existing automated monitoring technology. Such a device and method should be able to adapt to harsh outdoor environments, capture small abnormal changes in the root opening in real time, provide key data support for early warning of the structural safety status of the transmission tower, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the power grid operation, reducing operation and maintenance costs, and filling an important shortcoming in the existing monitoring and early warning system.

[0012] In view of the above, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0013] The present application aims at the low automation degree of the existing power transmission tower monitoring and early warning technology, provides a power transmission tower root spacing monitoring device and a monitoring method, which can monitor the displacement change state of the power transmission tower root spacing in real time, reduces the need for artificial regular inspection, enhances the remote control capability of the power transmission tower monitoring, significantly reduces the dependence on artificial inspection, realizes the remote monitoring of the power transmission tower state and improves the operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0014] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present application provides a power transmission tower root spacing monitoring device, which comprises a collection module, a transmission processing module and a monitoring data processing module; the collection module is arranged on the power transmission tower and is used for collecting the inclination data of the tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is in communication connection with the collection module and is used for receiving the inclination data and performing local processing, and uploading the result to the server or the cloud platform; the monitoring data processing module is in communication connection with the transmission processing module and is used for processing the monitoring data on the server or the cloud platform to obtain the calculation result of the current power transmission tower inclination, and evaluating the displacement abnormality condition of the power transmission tower root spacing according to the power transmission tower inclination change value standard table.

[0015] As a feasible scheme of the present application, the collection module is arranged near the tower foot of the power transmission tower to be monitored, the bottom of the collection module is fixed on the base of the tower foot of the power transmission tower by using adhesive, and the probe of the collection module is connected and fixed with the tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is placed in the safe zone around the power transmission tower and is connected with the collection module by using a data line.

[0016] As a feasible scheme of the present application, the transmission processing module comprises a main control chip unit and a coprocessor unit; the input end of the main control chip unit is connected with the collection module, which is used for receiving the original inclination signal and pre-processing it, and adding a time mark to the data; the input end of the coprocessor unit is connected with the main control chip unit, and the output end is connected with the server or the cloud platform, which is used for performing calculation on the inclination data carrying the time mark, extracting and outputting the frequency domain feature and the time domain feature representing the current state.

[0017] In the second aspect, the present application provides a power transmission tower root spacing monitoring method, which adopts the power transmission tower root spacing monitoring device of the first aspect, and comprises: The inclination data of the tower foot of the power transmission tower is collected in real time by the collection module; The inclination data is received by the transmission processing module and local processing is performed, and the result is uploaded to the server or the cloud platform; The monitoring data processing module processes the monitoring data on the server or cloud platform to obtain a calculation result of the current transmission tower inclination angle, and evaluates the transmission tower root spacing displacement abnormal condition according to a transmission tower inclination angle change value standard table; The correctness of the relationship between the transmission tower inclination angle and the root spacing is verified through numerical simulation.

[0018] As a feasible solution of the present application, the correctness of the relationship between the transmission tower inclination angle and the root spacing specifically includes: Obtain historical earthquake and hydrological data and geological data; Based on the historical earthquake and hydrological data and geological data, a three-dimensional coupling model of the transmission tower and the slope under the design earthquake acceleration is established; The three-dimensional coupling model of the transmission tower and the slope is imported into the finite element software, and material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing are performed; After the three-dimensional coupling model is operated in the finite element software, the stress nephogram and strain nephogram of the transmission tower slope deformation, and the gradual inclination process of the transmission tower in a certain time, i.e. the inclination angle data and the root spacing data of the transmission tower, are obtained; Based on the results of the numerical simulation of the transmission tower and the slope, the correctness of the relationship between the transmission tower inclination angle and the root spacing is verified.

[0019] As a feasible solution of the present application, the three-dimensional coupling model of the transmission tower and the slope is imported into the finite element software, and material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing are performed specifically as follows: Set the material parameters of the three-dimensional coupling model of the transmission tower and the slope for finite element analysis; Introduce the seismic wave with an acceleration amplitude of 0.10 g into the finite element analysis software to apply the seismic load; Set the analysis step, and implement landslide seismic modeling by the dynamic implicit analysis method.

[0020] As a feasible solution of the present application, the transmission tower inclination angle change value standard table is derived according to the four types of transmission tower inclination states listed in the line unit state quantity evaluation standard part of the overhead transmission line tower state evaluation standard.

[0021] As a feasible solution of the present application, the transmission processing module adds a time mark to the data during the on-site processing of the inclination angle data, and performs calculation on the inclination angle data carrying the time mark, extracts and outputs the frequency domain features and time domain features representing the current state.

[0022] As a feasible scheme of the present application, the performing calculation on the time-tagged inclination data specifically comprises: performing edge calculation on the inclination data by using wavelet transform, fast Fourier transform and lightweight deep neural network.

[0023] As a feasible scheme of the present application, the relationship between the transmission tower inclination and the root spacing is expressed as:

[0024] Wherein, a is the tower leg length, L is the root opening, alpha is the single-side tower leg variable inclination angle, beta is the tower leg and horizontal direction angle, u and v are the corresponding angles on the other side of the transmission tower, L 变 The single-side transmission tower horizontal direction distance change.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects: In the present application, the tower body inclination signal is acquired in real time by the acquisition module, the signal is received by the transmission processing module to perform on-site processing and uploaded to the server or cloud platform, the current transmission tower inclination calculation result is generated by analyzing the server or cloud platform data by the monitoring data processing module, the displacement abnormality condition of the transmission tower root spacing is evaluated by referring to the transmission tower inclination change value standard table, and the emergency treatment is started if the transmission tower root spacing is in an abnormal state. The displacement response of the transmission tower root spacing is monitored in real time by the acquisition module, the transmission processing module and the monitoring data processing module, which can reduce the need for artificial periodic inspection, enhance the remote control capability of the transmission tower monitoring, significantly reduce the dependence on artificial inspection, realize the remote monitoring of the transmission tower state and improve the operation and maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring device for the transmission tower root spacing provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 It is a calculation schematic diagram of the transmission tower inclination and root spacing relationship derivation process provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 It is a model geographic location map used in the numerical simulation in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4The three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope body is established for the numerical simulation in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 The acceleration time history graph of the seismic wave is used for the numerical simulation in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 The result graph of the numerical simulation is used in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 The layout of the collection modules of the No.176 tower of Gantian I line and the No.264 tower of Gantian II line is used in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 The time history graph of the inclination angle change of the four tower legs of the No.176 tower of Gantian I line is used in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 The time history graph of the inclination angle change of the four tower legs of the No.264 tower of Gantian II line is used in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 The detailed structure schematic diagram of the transmission processing module is used in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 The detailed structure schematic diagram of the monitoring data processing module is used in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more comprehensible, the present application will be further described in detail below with embodiments and drawings, the illustrative embodiments and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0029] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily independent of other embodiments, or optional alternatives with respect to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11The monitoring device for the root spacing of a power transmission tower provided in the embodiments of the present application comprises a collection module, a transmission processing module and a monitoring data processing module; the collection module is arranged on the power transmission tower and is used to collect the inclination data of the tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is in communication connection with the collection module and is used to receive the inclination data and perform on-site processing, and upload the result to a server or a cloud platform; the monitoring data processing module is in communication connection with the transmission processing module and is used to process the monitoring data on the server or the cloud platform to obtain the calculation result of the current inclination of the power transmission tower, and evaluate the displacement abnormality condition of the root spacing of the power transmission tower according to the inclination change value standard table of the power transmission tower.

[0031] In the present application, the tower body inclination signal is acquired in real time by the collection module, the signal is received by the transmission processing module to perform on-site processing and is uploaded to the server or the cloud platform; the current power transmission tower inclination calculation result is generated by analyzing the server or cloud platform data by the monitoring data processing module, and the displacement abnormality condition of the root spacing of the power transmission tower is evaluated by referring to the inclination change value standard table of the power transmission tower. If it is determined that the root spacing of the power transmission tower is in an abnormal state, emergency processing is started.

[0032] In the present application, the displacement change state of the root spacing of the power transmission tower can be monitored in real time by arranging the collection module, the transmission processing module and the monitoring data processing module. The monitoring device and method in the present application can reduce the need for artificial periodic inspection, enhance the remote control ability of the power transmission tower monitoring, significantly reduce the dependence on artificial inspection, realize remote monitoring of the state of the power transmission tower and improve the operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present application, the collection module is arranged near the tower foot of the power transmission tower to be monitored, the bottom of the collection module is fixed on the base of the tower foot of the power transmission tower by using adhesive, and the probe of the collection module is connected and fixed to the tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is placed in a safe zone around the power transmission tower and is connected to the collection module by using a matching data line. After debugging is completed, the server or the cloud platform can receive data transmission.

[0034] The remote server can receive the current state of the power transmission tower inclination data after processing, and the frequency domain feature and the time domain feature map. According to the comparison between the map and the inclination change value standard table of the power transmission tower, the abnormal displacement state of the power transmission tower can be found in time, the timing monitoring of the power transmission tower by manpower is reduced, and the purpose of remote monitoring of the unstable power transmission tower is achieved.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present application, the collection module comprises an inclinometer, the inclinometer is connected to a judgment unit and is used to monitor the working state of other units of the monitoring device, and if an abnormal unit is found, the monitoring device is restarted.

[0036] The inclinometer can be deployed as a core sensor of the acquisition module to realize continuous and real-time collection of the inclination data of the tower leg of the power transmission tower. The obtained inclination data can be used as a key input to analyze or represent the displacement characteristics of the root spacing of the power transmission tower foundation, and the analysis algorithm or model can be adaptively designed according to specific engineering requirements.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present application, the transmission processing module includes a master chip unit and a coprocessor unit; the input end of the master chip unit is connected to the acquisition module, which is responsible for receiving and preprocessing the original inclination signal, and the key steps include adding a time label to the data; the input end of the coprocessor unit is connected to the master chip unit, and the output end is connected to the server or cloud platform, and the core function is to perform calculation on the inclination data carrying the time label, extract and output the frequency domain features and time domain features representing the current state.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the master chip unit can select a MIPS architecture processor, and the coprocessor unit is a special intelligent processing chip, and the inclination data is transmitted between the two through a field bus protocol. The MIPS processor in the master chip unit can integrate edge computing algorithms such as wavelet transform, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and lightweight deep neural network, to extract the feature vector and other key parameters of the deformation signal in real time. At the same time, it undertakes the data preprocessing task: structuring and packaging the cached inclination data or real-time edge computing results to adapt to the wireless transmission requirements of the communication module.

[0039] In the present application, the communication module in the transmission processing module supports uploading the real-time inclination signal, calculation results and related auxiliary data to the remote server or cloud platform through WiFi or 5G network, to build a real-time monitoring data stream and significantly improve the response timeliness of the system.

[0040] The monitoring method for the root spacing of the power transmission tower provided in the embodiments of the present application is aimed at monitoring the abnormal state of the root spacing of the power transmission tower, and the monitoring method monitors the inclination change of the tower leg of the power transmission tower by using the above monitoring device and processes the monitoring results to monitor the change of the root spacing of the power transmission tower.

[0041] The monitoring method for the root spacing of the power transmission tower provided in the embodiments of the present application includes: The inclination data of the tower leg of the power transmission tower is collected in real time through the acquisition module; The inclination data is received and processed in situ through the transmission processing module, and the results are uploaded to the server or cloud platform; The monitoring data on the server or cloud platform are processed through the monitoring data processing module to obtain the calculation results of the current inclination of the power transmission tower, and the abnormal state of the displacement of the root spacing of the power transmission tower is evaluated according to the inclination change value standard table of the power transmission tower. The correctness of the relationship between the inclination angle of the power transmission tower and the root spacing is verified by numerical simulation.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present application, the correctness of the relationship between the inclination angle of the power transmission tower and the root spacing specifically includes: Obtaining historical earthquake and hydrological data and geological data; Based on the historical earthquake and hydrological data and geological data, a three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope under the design earthquake acceleration is established; The three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope is imported into the finite element software, and material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing are performed; After the three-dimensional coupling model is operated in the finite element software, the stress nephogram and strain nephogram of the power transmission tower and slope deformation are obtained, as well as the process of the power transmission tower gradually inclining in a certain time, i.e. the inclination angle data and the root spacing data of the power transmission tower; Based on the results of the numerical simulation of the power transmission tower and the slope, the correctness of the relationship between the inclination angle of the power transmission tower and the root spacing is verified.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present application, the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope is imported into the finite element software, and material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing are performed specifically include: Setting the material parameters of the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope for finite element analysis; By introducing the seismic wave with an acceleration amplitude of 0.10 g into the finite element analysis software, the seismic load is applied; The analysis step is set, and the landslide seismic modeling is implemented by a dynamic implicit analysis method.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present application, the inclination angle change value standard table is derived from the four types of inclination states of the power transmission tower listed in the line unit state quantity evaluation standard part of the overhead power transmission line tower state evaluation standard.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present application, the transmission processing module attaches a time mark to the inclination angle data during local processing of the inclination angle data, and performs calculation on the inclination angle data carrying the time mark, extracts and outputs the frequency domain features and time domain features representing the current state.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present application, the calculation on the inclination angle data carrying the time mark specifically includes: performing edge computing on the inclination angle data by using wavelet transform, fast Fourier transform and lightweight deep neural network.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present application, the relationship between the inclination angle of the power transmission tower and the root spacing is represented as:

[0048] Wherein, a is the tower leg length, L is the root opening, a is the single side tower leg change tilt angle, β is the tower leg and horizontal direction angle, u, v are the other side of the transmission tower corresponding angle, L 变 The single side transmission tower horizontal direction distance change.

[0049] The transmission tower tilt angle change value standard in the monitoring data processing module can be derived by formula, and the specific derivation process is as follows: as shown in Figure 2 , it is assumed that all steel is regarded as rigid body, the angle change is positive counterclockwise, the tower leg length a, the root opening L, the single side tower leg change tilt angle a, and the tower leg and horizontal direction angle β, then The tower leg and horizontal direction angle after the transmission tower is tilted: The horizontal length of the tower leg before tilting:

[0050] The horizontal length of the tower leg after tilting:

[0051] The single side transmission tower horizontal direction distance change:

[0052] Therefore, the root distance of the transmission tower after tilting:

[0053] Wherein, a is the tower leg length, L is the root opening, a is the single side tower leg change tilt angle, β is the tower leg and horizontal direction angle, u, v are the other side of the transmission tower corresponding angle (not shown in the figure), L 变 The single side transmission tower horizontal direction distance change.

[0054] For the determination method of abnormal displacement change of the transmission tower, in order to facilitate the direct use of transmission tower tilt angle according to "overhead transmission line tower state evaluation standard" (Q / GDW / GD173-2008) appendix one: line unit state quantity evaluation standard, the transmission tower tilt state can be divided into four categories, as shown in table 1. Therefore, the transmission tower tilt angle change value standard table can be obtained by formula calculation, as shown in table 2. The specific derivation process is as follows: The transmission tower height monitored in this case L =51.9m, root opening 14.74m, the corresponding parameters are the same as Figure 2

[0055] Tilt: ​

[0056] The angle allowed to change in normal state:

[0057] In the formula: ω is the inclination; L 水平 is the horizontal distance of the transmission tower; L is the root distance; and α is the change in inclination of the single-sided tower leg.

[0058] The standards in the remaining states can be derived according to the above formula to obtain the inclination change value standard table 2 of the transmission tower.

[0059] According to the above derived horizontal distance change formula of the single-sided transmission tower, the inclination critical value in various dangerous states in table 2 is brought in, so that the root distance critical value of the single-sided transmission tower in various dangerous states can be obtained, as shown in table 3.

[0060] Specifically, the correctness of the relationship between the inclination of the transmission tower and the root distance is verified by numerical simulation of a risk point of a transmission tower, namely Jiangzi 500kV transmission tower (identification: N58), by using the finite element software ABAQUS, and the monitoring method is applied to a specific point of a power transmission line.

[0061] Step 1, obtain historical earthquake and hydrological data and geological data. The historical earthquake and hydrological data are the earthquake and hydrological data of the region where the slope body of the transmission tower is located for one year before and after, and the geological data are the survey data of the topography and geomorphology form, damage accumulation range, landslide process, and physical and mechanical parameters of rock and soil body of the slope body of the transmission tower.

[0062] Based on the unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, the geological activity data of the target region are collected, including the historical earthquake records before and after the landslide damage, the topographic and geomorphic features in the deformation process, the accumulation body distribution range, the dynamic evolution process of the landslide, and the in-situ monitoring data such as the physical and mechanical parameters of rock and soil body, which lay a data foundation for constructing the transmission tower earthquake type landslide damage model.

[0063] Through investigation, it is known that the Jiangzi 500kV transmission tower is located in Caijiagou, Mingshan District, Ya'an City, and the distance from the south side of the transmission tower to Mingshan District is about 9 km in straight line, located between Chengyu Loop Expressway and National Highway G318, with good traffic conditions, such as Figure 3The slope topography is controlled by the Mengding Mountain anticline, Zonggang Mountain anticline and Jianmingshan syncline, and the overall trend is high in the west and gradually decreasing to the east. The groundwater level in the landslide area is mainly supplied by atmospheric precipitation vertical infiltration, with an annual average precipitation of 1542.63 mm, of which the main flood season is from June to July, accounting for more than 60% of the total annual precipitation. The landslide is mainly composed of Quaternary Holocene fill, residual slope powder clay and Tertiary lower and middle Nian Mountain Group mudstone.

[0064] Step 2, based on historical earthquake and hydrological data and geological data, a three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope under the design earthquake acceleration is established.

[0065] According to the geological data obtained by investigation, a 200m×200m×50m finite element analysis of the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope is established, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0066] Step 3, the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope is imported into the finite element software ABAQUS, and the material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing are carried out.

[0067] In this numerical simulation verification example, the material, load and analysis step processing are carried out, which specifically includes: (1) The setting of material parameters of the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope for finite element analysis, and the specific material parameters are shown in Table 4;

[0068] (2) The seismic load is applied by introducing the seismic wave with an acceleration amplitude of 0.10 g into the finite element analysis software ABAQUS; the input seismic acceleration time curve of the model is shown in Figure 5 .

[0069] (3) The analysis step is set, and the landslide seismic modeling is implemented by the dynamic implicit analysis method. This method uses implicit time integration scheme in the ABAQUS environment, which can guarantee the result accuracy and calculation stability within a certain time step range, so as to realize high-precision simulation of different frequency and magnitude earthquakes.

[0070] Step 4, after the three-dimensional coupling model is operated in the finite element software ABAQUS, the stress and strain nephograms of the power transmission tower and slope deformation are obtained, as well as the gradual tilting process of the power transmission tower within a certain time, i.e. the inclination data of the power transmission tower and the data of the power transmission tower root opening distance.

[0071] Adjust the position of the power transmission tower at intervals of 0.4m to form 6 groups of power transmission tower landslide model groups with different distances.

[0072] Step 5, based on the results of the numerical simulation of the slope body of the power transmission tower, verify the correctness of the relationship between the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing.

[0073] According to the results of the numerical simulation of the slope body of the power transmission tower, the coordinate point changes of the tower feet at both ends of the power transmission tower after the action of the earthquake are queried, as shown in Figure 6 According to the coordinate point changes, the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing of the power transmission tower are calculated.

[0074] In this embodiment, according to the coordinate point changes, the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing of the power transmission tower can be calculated. Taking the left tower foot of the power transmission tower as point A and the right tower foot of the power transmission tower as point B, after the action of the earthquake wave, the height difference between A and B is 0.17m, and the distance between A and B is 14.89m, which can be brought into the inclination calculation formula:

[0075] In the formula, ω is the inclination, and α is the change inclination of the single-sided tower leg.

[0076] Eight groups of tower inclination of different distances of the power transmission tower from the slope shoulder can be obtained, as shown in Table 2, and whether it is safe can be judged according to the specification standard of the tower inclination, as shown in Table 5;

[0077] The data is brought into the formula, and the correctness of the relationship between the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing can be verified.

[0078] As an implementation case, the method is applied to the monitoring data of No. 176 tower (identification: KOKIMSC01) of Gantian I line and No. 264 tower (identification: KOKI2001) of Gantian II line during July 1-16, 2025 (the installation form is referred to Figures 7 to 8 ). The sampling frequency is set to 200Hz, and the real-time inclination information of the power transmission tower is successfully obtained. As shown in the real-time data record Figures 9 to 10 , this method effectively realizes the continuous monitoring of the lower structure of the power transmission tower and records the inclination distribution parameters of the four tower legs of the target tower in the X and Y axial directions. It should be noted that this case is only listed to illustrate the inclination data acquisition function of the monitoring method, and is not limited to the specific implementation manner of the present solution.

[0079] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purposes, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the distance between the roots of a power transmission tower, characterized by, The application relates to a monitoring system for a power transmission tower, which comprises a collecting module, a transmission processing module and a monitoring data processing module; the collecting module is arranged on the power transmission tower and is used for collecting inclination data of the tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is in communication connection with the collecting module and is used for receiving the inclination data and performing local processing, and uploading the results to a server or a cloud platform; the monitoring data processing module is in communication connection with the transmission processing module and is used for processing monitoring data on the server or the cloud platform to obtain a calculation result of the current inclination of the power transmission tower, and evaluating the displacement abnormality condition of the root spacing of the power transmission tower according to a power transmission tower inclination change value standard table.

2. The monitoring device for the root-to-root distance of a power transmission tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collecting module is arranged near the tower foot of the power transmission tower to be monitored, the bottom of the collecting module is fixed on the base of the tower foot of the power transmission tower by using adhesive, and the probe of the collecting module is connected with and fixed on the tower foot of the power transmission tower; the transmission processing module is placed in a safe zone around the power transmission tower and is connected with the collecting module through a data line.

3. The monitoring device for the root-to-root distance of a power transmission tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission processing module comprises a main control chip unit and a coprocessor unit; the main control chip unit is connected with the collecting module at the input end and is used for receiving original inclination signals and pre-processing the original inclination signals, and adding time marks to the data; the coprocessor unit is connected with the main control chip unit at the input end and is connected with the server or the cloud platform at the output end, and is used for performing calculation on the inclination data carrying the time marks, extracting and outputting frequency domain features and time domain features representing the current state.

4. A method for monitoring the distance between the tower feet of a power transmission tower, using the monitoring device for the distance between the tower feet of a power transmission tower according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The application comprises the following steps: collecting inclination data of the tower foot of the power transmission tower in real time through the collecting module; receiving the inclination data through the transmission processing module and performing local processing, and uploading the results to the server or the cloud platform; processing monitoring data on the server or the cloud platform through the monitoring data processing module to obtain a calculation result of the current inclination of the power transmission tower, and evaluating the displacement abnormality condition of the root spacing of the power transmission tower according to a power transmission tower inclination change value standard table; verifying the correctness of the relationship between the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing through numerical simulation.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The correctness of the relationship between the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing is verified through the following steps: obtaining historical earthquake, hydrological data and geological data; establishing a three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope under the design earthquake acceleration based on the historical earthquake, hydrological data and geological data; importing the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope into finite element software, and performing material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing; obtaining stress and strain cloud maps of the deformation of the power transmission tower and the slope, and the inclination data and the root spacing data of the power transmission tower in a certain time through the operation of the three-dimensional coupling model in the finite element software; verifying the correctness of the relationship between the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing based on the results of the numerical simulation of the power transmission tower and the slope.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of determining the root-to-root distance between the power transmission towers is performed by: The three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope is imported into the finite element software, and the material assignment, load setting and analysis step processing are performed, which specifically comprises the following steps: setting the material parameters of the three-dimensional coupling model of the power transmission tower and the slope for finite element analysis; introducing a seismic wave with an acceleration amplitude of 0.10 g into the finite element analysis software to apply a seismic load; For the analysis step setting, the landslide earthquake modeling is implemented by a dynamic implicit analysis method.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of determining the root-to-root distance between the two power transmission towers is performed by using a camera. The inclination change value standard table of the power transmission tower is derived according to four inclination states of the power transmission tower listed in the line unit state quantity evaluation standard part of the overhead power transmission line tower state evaluation standard.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein, The transmission processing module adds a time mark to the inclination data in the process of processing the inclination data on site, and performs calculation on the inclination data carrying the time mark, extracts and outputs the frequency domain features and time domain features representing the current state.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The calculation on the inclination data carrying the time mark specifically includes: performing edge calculation on the inclination data by using wavelet transform, fast Fourier transform and a lightweight deep neural network.

10. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: The relationship between the inclination of the power transmission tower and the root spacing is represented as: ； Wherein, a is the tower leg length, L is the root opening, a is the single-sided tower leg change inclination angle, β is the tower leg and horizontal direction angle, u, v are the corresponding angles of the other side of the power transmission tower respectively, L 变 is the single-sided power transmission tower horizontal direction distance change.

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