Crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition devices, smart irrigation control methods, systems and equipment

Abstract

This application discloses a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device, a smart irrigation control method, system, and equipment, relating to the field of smart agriculture. The device includes: an environmental parameter acquisition unit, a drive unit, a core control unit, an outer fixing sleeve, an inner monitoring tube, and a slide rail. The environmental parameter acquisition unit is mounted on the inner monitoring tube. Both the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the drive unit are connected to the core control unit. The drive unit is located at the top of the inner monitoring tube. The outer fixing sleeve is positioned at a predetermined location in the soil. The slide rail is located on the side wall of the outer fixing sleeve. The inner monitoring tube is inserted into the outer fixing sleeve via the slide rail. This application enables timely tracking and acquisition of crop growth data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smart agriculture, and in particular to a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device, a smart irrigation control method, system and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Smart irrigation, as a crucial technology for modern agriculture and water resource management, has experienced rapid development globally in recent years. The efficient utilization of agricultural water resources is of great significance to industrial development. Currently, many regions in China are achieving precision irrigation through the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, and deep learning algorithms. This allows for adjustments to water and fertilizer flow based on crop needs, and corresponding remote control systems have also been developed to achieve a closed-loop process.

[0003] While smart irrigation has achieved remarkable results in water conservation, efficiency improvement, and precise management, its development still faces many shortcomings. Because smart irrigation requires real-time data collected by field sensors to make decisions, most current cases only collect environmental parameters of the above-ground parts of the field, which cannot accurately assess the current growth status of crops. This results in limited accuracy of algorithm decision-making, which can only achieve basic irrigation control and is difficult to predict crop water requirements or optimize water and fertilizer ratios based on the crop's own conditions.

[0004] Meanwhile, in some cases, the quality of equipment varied, the sensors were easily affected by external environmental interference and had low durability, resulting in large data acquisition errors and the inability to track and collect data on crop growth in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device, a smart irrigation control method, system and equipment, which can reduce the interference of the external environment on the environmental parameter acquisition unit and track and collect crop growth data in a timely manner.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device, comprising: an environmental parameter acquisition unit, a drive unit, a core control unit, an outer fixing sleeve, an inner monitoring tube, and a slide rail;

[0008] The environmental parameter acquisition unit is mounted on the inner monitoring tube; both the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the drive unit are connected to the core control unit; the drive unit is mounted on the top of the inner monitoring tube; the outer fixing sleeve is mounted at a set position in the soil; the slide rail is mounted on the side wall of the outer fixing sleeve; the inner monitoring tube is inserted into the outer fixing sleeve via the slide rail.

[0009] The environmental parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images; the core control unit is used to acquire user commands, control the drive unit to drive the inner monitoring tube to slide within the outer fixed sleeve based on the user commands, and control the environmental parameter acquisition unit based on the user commands; the core control unit is also used to store the crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images.

[0010] In one embodiment, the environmental parameter acquisition unit includes a soil temperature thermal infrared sensor, a soil radio frequency humidity sensor, a lighting module, and a camera; the soil temperature thermal infrared sensor, the soil radio frequency humidity sensor, the lighting module, and the camera are all connected to the core control unit.

[0011] In one embodiment, a nut seat is provided on the inner monitoring tube; the environmental parameter acquisition unit is disposed on the nut seat;

[0012] The drive unit includes a stepper motor and a stepper motor driver; the stepper motor driver is connected to both the stepper motor and the core control unit.

[0013] The stepper motor is located at the top of the inner monitoring tube; the stepper motor is connected to the nut seat; the stepper motor is used to drive the nut seat on the inner monitoring tube to slide between the inner monitoring tube and the outer fixing sleeve.

[0014] In one embodiment, the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device further includes a communication unit; the core control unit is connected to the communication unit.

[0015] The core control unit obtains the user instructions through the communication unit.

[0016] In one embodiment, the core control unit generates drive control instructions and acquisition control instructions based on the user instructions;

[0017] The stepper motor driver drives the stepper motor based on the drive control command, causing the nut seat to slide between the inner monitoring tube and the outer fixing sleeve;

[0018] The environmental parameter acquisition unit acquires the environmental parameters of the crop root zone and the image of the crop root zone based on the acquisition control command.

[0019] Secondly, this application provides a smart irrigation control method for crops, including:

[0020] Acquire crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images; the crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images are acquired by the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device described in any one of the above descriptions;

[0021] An improved U2-Net algorithm was used to segment the crop root region image to obtain crop root parameters.

[0022] The actual irrigation amount is determined based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environmental parameters;

[0023] Valve control commands are generated based on the actual irrigation volume; these commands are used to control the opening of the irrigation valves.

[0024] Obtain the actual flow rate of the irrigation valve;

[0025] A flow control command is generated based on the actual irrigation volume and the actual flow rate; the flow control command is used to control the opening time of the irrigation valve.

[0026] In one embodiment, an improved U is adopted. 2 The -Net algorithm is used to segment the crop root region image to obtain crop root parameters, including:

[0027] in U 2 The CBAM module is introduced into the -Net network model to form an improved U 2 -Net network model;

[0028] Input the crop root zone image into the improved U 2 In the -Net network model, the crop root region image is segmented to obtain the crop root system parameters;

[0029] The crop root system parameters include the crop's root length, root diameter, and root length density.

[0030] In one embodiment, determining the actual irrigation amount based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environmental parameters includes:

[0031] Using the FAO-56 model, reference crop evapotranspiration and actual crop water requirement were obtained based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environmental parameters.

[0032] The actual crop evapotranspiration is determined using the dual crop coefficient method based on the reference crop evapotranspiration.

[0033] The actual irrigation amount is obtained based on the actual crop water requirement and the actual crop evapotranspiration.

[0034] Thirdly, this application provides a smart irrigation control system for crops, comprising:

[0035] The data acquisition module is used to acquire environmental parameters and images of the crop root zone; the data acquisition module is also used to acquire the actual flow rate of the irrigation valve;

[0036] The data processing module is used to segment the crop root zone image using an improved U2-Net algorithm to obtain crop root parameters; the data processing module is also used to determine the actual irrigation amount based on the crop root parameters and the crop root zone environmental parameters.

[0037] The control module is used to generate valve control commands based on the actual irrigation volume; the valve control commands are used to control the opening of the irrigation valve; the control module is also used to generate flow control commands based on the actual irrigation volume and the actual flow rate; the flow control commands are used to control the opening time of the irrigation valve.

[0038] Fourthly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the intelligent irrigation control method for crops as described above.

[0039] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0040] This application provides a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device, a smart irrigation control method, and a system. By placing an outer fixing sleeve at a predetermined location in the soil and mounting a slide rail on the inner wall of the outer fixing sleeve, the inner monitoring tube can be inserted into the outer fixing sleeve via the slide rail. This allows the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device to flexibly acquire environmental parameters and images of the crop root zone at the corresponding location. Furthermore, the inner monitoring tube can be removed for necessary operations (e.g., maintenance of the environmental parameter acquisition unit) when data acquisition is not needed, improving data acquisition accuracy. The outer fixing sleeve also protects the environmental parameter acquisition unit on the inner monitoring tube, reducing interference from the external environment, improving the durability of the environmental parameter acquisition unit, and ensuring accurate data acquisition. When data acquisition of the crop is required, the inner monitoring tube is inserted into the outer fixing sleeve via the slide rail, and the acquired data is stored in the core control unit, enabling timely tracking and acquisition of crop growth data. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device according to one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a smart irrigation control method for crops in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 An improved U provided for an embodiment of this application 2 -Net network model diagram;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the RSU-7 structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a smart irrigation control system for crops provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Reference numerals: 1-Core control unit, 2-Soil temperature thermal infrared sensor, 3-Camera, 4-Soil radio frequency humidity sensor, 5-Stepper motor, 6-Nut seat, 7-Lighting module, 8-Outer fixing sleeve, 9-Inner monitoring tube, 10-Communication unit, 11-Slide rail, 12-Stepper motor driver. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device is provided, including: an environmental parameter acquisition unit, a drive unit, a core control unit 1, an outer fixing sleeve 8, an inner monitoring tube 9, and a slide rail 11.

[0052] An environmental parameter acquisition unit is mounted on the inner monitoring tube 9. Both the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the drive unit are connected to the core control unit 1. The drive unit is located at the top of the inner monitoring tube 9. The outer fixing sleeve 8 is positioned at a predetermined location in the soil. A slide rail 11 is mounted on the side wall of the outer fixing sleeve 8. The inner monitoring tube 9 is inserted into the outer fixing sleeve 8 via the slide rail 11.

[0053] The environmental parameter acquisition unit is used to collect environmental parameters and images of the crop root zone. The core control unit 1 is used to receive user commands, control the drive unit based on user commands to drive the inner monitoring tube 9 to slide within the outer fixed sleeve 8, and control the environmental parameter acquisition unit based on user commands. The core control unit 1 is also used to store the environmental parameters and images of the crop root zone.

[0054] As an optional implementation, the environmental parameter acquisition unit includes a soil temperature thermal infrared sensor 2, a soil radio frequency humidity sensor 4, an illumination module 7, and a camera 3. The soil temperature thermal infrared sensor 2, the soil radio frequency humidity sensor 4, the illumination module 7, and the camera 3 are all connected to the core control unit 1.

[0055] As an optional implementation, a nut seat 6 is provided on the inner monitoring tube 9. The environmental parameter acquisition unit is located on the nut seat 6.

[0056] The drive unit includes a stepper motor 5 and a stepper motor driver 12. The stepper motor driver 12 is connected to both the stepper motor 5 and the core control unit 1.

[0057] Stepper motor 5 is located at the top of inner monitoring tube 9. Stepper motor 5 is connected to nut seat 6. Stepper motor 5 is used to drive nut seat 6 on inner monitoring tube 9 to slide between inner monitoring tube 9 and outer fixing sleeve 8.

[0058] Based on this structure, in the core control unit 1, drive control instructions and acquisition control instructions are generated based on user instructions.

[0059] The stepper motor driver 12 drives the stepper motor 5 based on the drive control command, causing the nut seat 6 to slide between the inner monitoring tube 9 and the outer fixing sleeve 8.

[0060] The environmental parameter acquisition unit acquires crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images based on the first control command.

[0061] As an optional implementation, the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device also includes a communication unit 10. The core control unit 1 is connected to the communication unit 10. The core control unit 1 obtains user commands through the communication unit 10.

[0062] The core control unit 1 can be a Raspberry Pi 4B microcomputer. Camera 3 can be a ModuleV2 zoom camera. Soil temperature thermal infrared sensor 2 can be an MLX90640 sensor. The communication module can use LTE Category 4 technology to transmit data.

[0063] In practical applications, the sampling location is determined before crop planting, and holes are drilled in advance. The outer fixing sleeve 8 of the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device is vertically buried and sealed. When collecting crop root zone environmental parameters and root zone images, the seal of the outer fixing sleeve 8 is opened, and the inner monitoring tube is inserted into the outer fixing sleeve 8 through the slide rail 11 on the side wall of the outer fixing sleeve 8.

[0064] When data acquisition is performed using the device, the core control unit 1 receives user commands through the communication unit 10. Within the core control unit 1, a drive control command is generated based on the user command. The stepper motor driver 12 drives the stepper motor 5 to rotate according to the drive control command, causing the nut seat 6 to slide on the slide rail 11 between the inner monitoring tube 9 and the outer fixing sleeve 8, moving the nut seat 6 to the desired position. Once the nut seat 6 is in the desired position, the core control unit 1 generates an acquisition control command based on the user command. According to the acquisition control command, the camera 3 first performs initialization settings, then the lighting module 7 is turned on to provide illumination for the camera 3 to acquire images of the crop root zone. The camera 3 acquires images of the crop root zone and transmits them to the core control unit 1. The core control unit 1 stores the crop root zone images and records the corresponding acquisition time. When the core control unit 1 receives the image data, it controls the lighting module 7 and the camera 3 to turn off. According to the acquisition and control instructions, the soil temperature thermal infrared sensor 2 and the soil radio frequency humidity sensor 4 are first initialized. The soil temperature thermal infrared sensor 2 collects the temperature at the center point of the crop root zone environment within the observation angle and transmits it to the core control unit 1. The core control unit 1 stores the temperature data and records the corresponding acquisition time. The soil radio frequency humidity sensor 4 emits electromagnetic waves through a dual copper ring transmitter and receives the reflected electromagnetic waves. It calculates the replication changes of the electromagnetic waves to obtain the moisture content of the surrounding soil (i.e., humidity information) and transmits it to the core control unit 1. When the core control unit 1 receives the temperature data, it controls the soil temperature thermal infrared sensor 2 to turn off. When the core control unit 1 receives the humidity information, it controls the soil radio frequency humidity sensor 4 to stop transmitting electromagnetic waves (i.e., turn off the soil radio frequency humidity sensor 4).

[0065] The aforementioned crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device protects the environmental parameter acquisition unit on the inner monitoring tube by using an outer fixing sleeve. This reduces interference from the external environment, improves the durability of the sensors within the unit, and ensures accurate acquisition of crop root zone environmental parameters and images at designated locations. When data collection is needed, the inner monitoring tube is inserted into the outer fixing sleeve via a slide rail, and the collected data is stored in the core control unit. This allows for timely tracking and acquisition of crop growth data, and real-time monitoring of changes in crop root growth, root zone moisture, and temperature.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a smart irrigation control method for crops is provided, including:

[0067] Step 100: Obtain crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images. The crop root zone environmental parameters and the crop root zone images are acquired using the aforementioned crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device.

[0068] Step 200, using the improved U 2 The -Net algorithm segments crop root zone images to obtain crop root parameters.

[0069] Step 300: Determine the actual irrigation amount based on crop root parameters and crop root zone environmental parameters.

[0070] Step 400: Generate valve control commands based on the actual irrigation volume. These commands are used to control the opening of the irrigation valves. Obtain the actual flow rate of the irrigation valves. Generate flow control commands based on the actual irrigation volume and flow rate. These commands are used to control the opening time of the irrigation valves.

[0071] As an optional implementation, step 200 includes:

[0072] Step 210, in U 2 The CBAM module is introduced into the -Net network model to form an improved U 2 -Net network model.

[0073] Step 220: Input the crop root zone image into the improved U 2 In the -Net network model, the crop root zone image is segmented to obtain crop root parameters. These parameters include root length, root diameter, and root density.

[0074] As an optional implementation, step 300 includes:

[0075] Step 310: Using the FAO-56 model, the reference crop evapotranspiration and actual crop water requirement are obtained based on crop root parameters and crop root zone environmental parameters.

[0076] Step 320: Determine the actual crop evapotranspiration based on the reference crop evapotranspiration using the dual crop coefficient method.

[0077] Step 330: Obtain the actual irrigation amount based on the actual crop water requirement and the actual crop evapotranspiration.

[0078] For example, the crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images collected by the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device in the above embodiment can be obtained. The crop root zone environmental parameters include soil moisture information and soil temperature information.

[0079] Adopting improved U 2 The U-Net algorithm processes crop root zone images in real time to obtain crop root parameters at various depths. The core structure of the U-Net network resembles the letter U and consists of three parts: a shrinking path (encoder), which progressively extracts high-level semantic features through convolution and downsampling; an expanding path (decoder), which restores spatial resolution using deconvolution and upsampling; and skip connections, which directly fuse features from each encoder layer with the corresponding decoder layer to compensate for detail loss during downsampling. Based on this, U... 2 The key to the U-Net algorithm lies in utilizing multiple U-Net sub-networks to capture features at different scales and improving segmentation accuracy by fusing information from different scales. This results in more precise salient object segmentation and provides higher-quality segmentation results when dealing with complex backgrounds and fine-grained targets. Figure 3 As shown, U 2 The -Net network's main structure is a U-Net-like structure, achieving target segmentation through multiple nested modules. Each Encoder (En_i in this embodiment is the i-th encoder, i=1, ..., 6) and Decoder (De_j in this embodiment is the j-th decoder, j=1, ..., 5) module also has a U-Net-like structure, i.e., an RSU structure. 2 In the -Net network structure, En_1 and De_1 are RSU-7 structures, En_2 and De_2 are RSU-6 structures, En_3 and De_3 are RSU-5 structures, and En_4 and De_4 are RSU-4 structures. The reduction in structure depth mainly leads to changes in the downsampling rate. En_5, En_6, and De_5 use RSU-4F structures individually. 2The key to the U-Net algorithm lies in using multiple U-Net sub-networks to capture features at different scales and improving segmentation accuracy by fusing information from different scales, thereby obtaining more accurate salient target segmentation. It can provide higher quality segmentation results when dealing with complex backgrounds and fine-grained targets.

[0080] CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) is an attention mechanism module used to enhance the performance of convolutional neural networks. It improves the model's perceptual ability by introducing channel attention and spatial attention into the convolutional neural network, thereby optimizing network performance with minimal increase in network complexity. It can also be trained end-to-end with ensemble networks.

[0081] Taking the RSU-7 structure as an example, the RSU-7 structure has 7 layers (i.e., L=7), Conv is a convolutional layer, BN is batch normalization, and ReLU is a linear rectified unit. Downsample×1 / 2 represents downsampling (halving the spatial size). Upsample×2 represents upsampling (doubling the spatial size). Indicates a side output layer. This is the output result of the upsampled side. For the final output, This indicates the fused output layer. Dilation=z is dilated convolution, z=2,4,8. Sigmoid is the activation function (i.e., Conv+Sigmoid). Upsampleto input size is the process of generating a prediction map with the same size as the input. Concatenation is channel concatenation, Addition indicates element-wise addition, and Legend indicates the legend. In RSU-7, it is downsampled 5 times, that is, the input feature map (e.g., ...) is downsampled 5 times. Figure 4 The M in the image was downsampled by 32 times, and similarly upsampled by 32 times in the Decoder stage to restore the original image size. Based on the characteristics of CBAM, combined with U... 2 The -Net model structure inserts the CBAM module into the RSU structures corresponding to En_1 and De_1, En_2 and De_2, En_3 and De_3, and En_4 and De_4. The structure after inserting the CBAM module into the RSU-7 structure is as follows. Figure 4 As shown. By inserting the CBAM module before the downsampling layer convolution in the RSU structure, the characteristics of the CBAM module can be fully utilized to help U 2 The -Net model learns root features to achieve accurate root identification. Ultimately, it obtains crop root parameters at corresponding depths, including root length, root diameter, and root density (corresponding to crop root zone images collected at different locations and depths).

[0082] The FAO-56 model uses the Penman formula as its core calculation method and is widely used in agricultural irrigation management, water resource planning, and climate change research. The FAO-56 model is used to accurately quantify the total amount of surface water evaporation and transpiration. Its essence is to integrate the two major physical forces driving water loss (energy supply and atmospheric drying force) into a scientific model by simulating the water-heat-air exchange process in nature.

[0083] The reference crop evapotranspiration ET0 and the actual crop water requirement ET0 were calculated using the FAO-56 model, combined with meteorological data, crop characteristics, soil moisture dynamics, and crop root parameters and soil temperature and humidity information obtained from the above process. a .

[0084] Based on this, the dual-crop coefficient method is used to calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration (ET) by considering the basic crop coefficient Kcb and the soil evaporation coefficient Ke, using a reference crop evapotranspiration. Kcb focuses on the crop's own transpiration demand, reflecting the physiological process of water absorption by plant roots and release of water vapor into the atmosphere through stomata in stems and leaves; its value is closely related to crop type, growth stage, and leaf area index. Ke, on the other hand, specifically quantifies physical evaporation from the soil surface. This portion of water consumption does not participate in plant physiological activities and is directly driven by climatic factors and field management practices. Traditional single-coefficient methods cannot distinguish the different effects of irrigation on soil evaporation and crop transpiration. The dual-crop coefficient method, by separating this asymmetric response, diagnoses physiological water shortage earlier and more sensitively than the single-coefficient method, guiding irrigation timing.

[0085] Under water-limited conditions, the process of water infiltration, evaporation, and root water absorption is simulated daily using crop root parameters and soil temperature and humidity information to estimate potential evapotranspiration (i.e., reference crop evapotranspiration). Then, the actual crop evapotranspiration is calculated by combining the dual crop coefficient method with the available soil moisture, which further improves the accuracy of irrigation water storage. Finally, the irrigation water demand (i.e., actual irrigation amount) is determined based on the actual crop water demand and the actual crop evapotranspiration.

[0086] Valve control commands are generated based on the actual irrigation volume. These commands control the opening of the irrigation valves. Furthermore, the actual flow rate of the irrigation valves is obtained, and flow control commands are generated based on this data. These flow control commands control the opening time of the irrigation valves. This achieves precision irrigation for crops, solving the problem of insufficient data for irrigation decisions and ensuring that crops receive the appropriate amount of water according to their actual needs.

[0087] The irrigation valve can be a wireless electromagnetic irrigation valve, which receives valve control commands and flow control commands via a wireless network, thereby enabling remote opening and closing for a fixed period of time.

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a smart irrigation control system for crops. The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of the smart irrigation control system embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the smart irrigation control method for crops described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a smart irrigation control system for crops is provided, including:

[0090] The data acquisition module is used to acquire environmental parameters and images of the crop root zone; the data acquisition module is also used to acquire the actual flow rate of the irrigation valve;

[0091] Data processing module, used to employ improved U 2 The -Net algorithm is used to segment the crop root zone image to obtain crop root parameters; the data processing module is also used to determine the actual irrigation amount based on the crop root parameters and the crop root zone environmental parameters.

[0092] The control module is used to generate valve control commands based on the actual irrigation volume; the valve control commands are used to control the opening of the irrigation valve; the control module is also used to generate flow control commands based on the actual irrigation volume and the actual flow rate; the flow control commands are used to control the opening time of the irrigation valve.

[0093] Based on the above embodiments, the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device provided in this application can accurately acquire crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images at a set location, and track and collect data during the crop growth process. Compared with the destructive method of periodically digging and washing roots used in traditional root parameter measurement, and the use of pin-type sensors mainly for measuring soil environmental parameters near the roots, the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device in this application inserts an outer fixing sleeve into a fixed position in the soil and inserts an inner monitoring tube with a sensor installed into the outer fixing sleeve for continuous acquisition, realizing continuous monitoring of root growth and soil temperature and humidity changes throughout the entire crop growth process. Furthermore, the intelligent irrigation control method for crops provided in this application, compared with current intelligent irrigation technologies, can achieve continuous and non-destructive monitoring of soil temperature and humidity and root parameters throughout the entire crop growth cycle. It also optimizes the root parameter extraction model, improves the efficiency and accuracy of root parameter acquisition, and further enriches the accumulation of relevant agricultural data. At the same time, it introduces soil temperature and humidity and root parameters on the basis of field environmental data, enriches the diversity of FAO-56 model data, solves the problems of insufficient data types and limited accuracy of algorithm decision-making in current intelligent irrigation agricultural production, strengthens the decision-making capability of intelligent irrigation, realizes precision irrigation and refined water and fertilizer management, and improves water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0094] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 6 As shown, this computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data related to intelligent irrigation control methods for crops. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an intelligent irrigation control method for crops.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0096] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0097] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0098] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0100] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0101] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0102] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A device for collecting parameters of the root zone environment of a crop, characterized in that, Comprise: An environmental parameter acquisition unit, a driving unit, a core control unit, an outer fixed sleeve, an inner monitoring tube, and a slide rail; The environmental parameter acquisition unit is arranged on the inner monitoring tube; the environmental parameter acquisition unit and the driving unit are connected with the core control unit; the driving unit is arranged at the top of the inner monitoring tube; the outer fixed sleeve is arranged at a set position in the soil; the slide rail is arranged on the sidewall of the outer fixed sleeve; the inner monitoring tube is inserted into the outer fixed sleeve through the slide rail; A nut seat is arranged on the inner monitoring tube; the environmental parameter acquisition unit is arranged on the nut seat; the driving unit comprises a stepping motor and a stepping motor driver; the stepping motor driver is connected with the stepping motor and the core control unit respectively; the stepping motor is arranged at the top end of the inner monitoring tube; the stepping motor is connected with the nut seat; the stepping motor is used to drive the nut seat on the inner monitoring tube to slide between the inner monitoring tube and the outer fixed sleeve; The environmental parameter acquisition unit is used to acquire crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images; the core control unit is used to obtain user instructions, control the driving unit to drive the inner monitoring tube to slide in the outer fixed sleeve based on the user instructions, and control the environmental parameter acquisition unit based on the user instructions; the core control unit is also used to store the crop root zone environmental parameters and the crop root zone images.

2. The crop root zone environment parameter acquisition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The environmental parameter acquisition unit comprises a soil temperature thermal infrared sensor, a soil radio frequency humidity sensor, an illumination module, and a camera; the soil temperature thermal infrared sensor, the soil radio frequency humidity sensor, the illumination module, and the camera are connected with the core control unit.

3. The crop root zone environment parameter acquisition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device further comprises a communication unit; the core control unit is connected with the communication unit; The core control unit obtains the user instructions through the communication unit.

4. The crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, In the core control unit, driving control instructions and acquisition control instructions are generated based on the user instructions; The stepping motor driver drives the stepping motor to drive the nut seat to slide between the inner monitoring tube and the outer fixed sleeve based on the driving control instructions; The environmental parameter acquisition unit acquires the crop root zone environmental parameters and the crop root zone images based on the acquisition control instructions.

5. A smart irrigation control method for crops, characterized by, The crop intelligent irrigation control method comprises: Acquiring crop root zone environmental parameters and crop root zone images; the crop root zone environmental parameters and the crop root zone images are acquired by the crop root zone environmental parameter acquisition device according to any one of claims 1-4; An improved U2-Net algorithm is used to segment the crop root zone images to obtain crop root system parameters; Based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environmental parameters, an actual irrigation amount is determined; A valve control instruction is generated based on the actual irrigation amount; the valve control instruction is used to control the opening of an irrigation valve; An actual flow of the irrigation valve is acquired; Generate flow control instructions based on the actual irrigation amount and the actual flow; the flow control instructions are used to control the opening time of the irrigation valve.

6. The crop smart irrigation control method of claim 5, wherein, The improved U2-Net algorithm is used for segmenting the crop root zone image to obtain crop root system parameters, including: The CBAM module is introduced into the U2-Net network model to form an improved U2-Net network model. The crop root zone image is input into the improved U2-Net network model for segmentation processing to obtain the crop root system parameters. The crop root system parameters include the root length, root diameter and root length density of the crop.

7. The crop smart irrigation control method of claim 5, wherein, Based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environment parameters, the actual irrigation amount is determined, including: The FAO-56 model is used to obtain the reference crop evapotranspiration and the actual crop water requirement based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environment parameters. The double crop coefficient method is used to determine the actual crop evapotranspiration based on the reference crop evapotranspiration. The actual irrigation amount is obtained based on the actual crop water requirement and the actual crop evapotranspiration.

8. A smart irrigation control system for crops, characterized in that, It includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire crop root zone environment parameters and crop root zone images; the data acquisition module is also used to acquire the actual flow of the irrigation valve; The data processing module is used to segment the crop root zone image by using the improved U2-Net algorithm to obtain the crop root system parameters; the data processing module is also used to determine the actual irrigation amount based on the crop root system parameters and the crop root zone environment parameters; The control module is used to generate valve control instructions based on the actual irrigation amount; the valve control instructions are used to control the opening of the irrigation valve; the control module is also used to generate flow control instructions based on the actual irrigation amount and the actual flow; the flow control instructions are used to control the opening time of the irrigation valve.

9. A computer device comprising: Memory, processor and computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the crop intelligent irrigation control method of any one of claims 5-7.

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