Glass fiber composite material meeting flexibility requirement and preparation method thereof
By combining glass fiber, thermoplastic resin matrix and toughening modifier, and using a twin-screw extruder and mechanical crushing and granulation method, a glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements was prepared. This solved the problems of flexibility and recyclability of traditional materials, achieved a balance between strength and flexibility, and reduced recycling difficulty and environmental pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511360102.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional glass fiber composite materials are insufficient in terms of flexibility and recyclability, making it difficult to meet the precise requirements of specific application scenarios, and they are also difficult to design and process reasonably during the production process.
A glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements was prepared by using a combination of glass fiber, thermoplastic resin matrix, toughening modifier and interface compatibilizer, melt blending and cooling granulation in a twin-screw extruder, combined with mechanical crushing and regranulation recycling methods.
It achieves a good balance between flexibility and strength in materials, simplifies the recycling process, reduces production costs and environmental pollution, and improves the reliability and stability of materials.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass fiber composite materials technology, specifically to a glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Fiberglass composites have a wide range of applications in many fields. However, in practical applications, there are specific requirements for their flexibility, strength, recyclability, and other aspects.
[0003] Traditional glass fiber composites, compared with materials such as polyamides, have shortcomings in terms of flexibility and recyclability. For example, some materials are in a cross-linked state, making them difficult to break and recycle. In some applications, they cannot meet the precise requirements for flexibility. At the same time, the production process also faces the problem of how to rationally design and process according to strength, flexibility, and irregular shape requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a glass fiber composite material and its preparation method that has better performance in flexibility and other properties and also takes into account recyclability. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a glass fiber composite material that meets the requirements of flexibility and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems of flexibility and recyclability of traditional glass fiber composite materials mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements, comprising the following components and weight percentages: 20-50% glass fiber, 40-70% thermoplastic resin matrix, 5-15% toughening modifier, 1-5% interface compatibilizer, and 0.5-3% processing aid.
[0006] Specifically, the thermoplastic resin matrix is selected from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or blends thereof.
[0007] Specifically, the toughening modifier is at least one of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, core-shell rubber particles, or thermoplastic elastomer.
[0008] Specifically, the interface compatibilizer is at least one of silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, or aluminate coupling agents.
[0009] Specifically, the glass fiber is chopped glass fiber or glass fiber mat.
[0010] Specifically, the glass fiber has a length of 0.1-10 mm and a diameter of 5-20 μm.
[0011] Specifically, the method for preparing a glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements includes the following steps: (1) The thermoplastic resin matrix, toughening modifier, interface compatibilizer and processing aid are premixed in a mixer; (2) Add the premixed material to the main feed port of the twin-screw extruder, and add the glass fiber through the side feed port; (3) Melt blending and extrusion at 180-250℃; (4) Cooling and granulation to obtain composite material particles; (5) When recycling waste or scrap materials, mechanical crushing and regranulation are used for recycling.
[0012] Specifically, the twin-screw extruder has a screw length-to-diameter ratio of 30:1-40:1 and a screw speed of 200-400 rpm.
[0013] This invention provides a glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements and its preparation method, which has the following beneficial effects: While ensuring flexibility, this application also takes into account the strength and other properties of the material. Through reasonable raw material selection and preparation process control, the material achieves a good balance between flexibility and strength, ensuring that in actual use, it can meet the requirements of flexible deformation and has sufficient strength to withstand external forces, thus ensuring the reliability and stability of the product. The recycling method of crushing and granulation is simpler and more efficient than traditional material recycling, effectively solving the problem that some materials are difficult to crush and recycle due to their cross-linked state, reducing the raw material costs of enterprise production, and reducing the pollution of waste materials to the environment. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples. These examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
[0015] Example 1 A glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements comprises the following components and weight percentages: 20% glass fiber, selected as chopped glass fiber with a length of 3 mm and a diameter of 10 μm; 70% thermoplastic resin matrix, using PP; 7% toughening modifier, which is maleic anhydride-grafted EPDM; 2% interface compatibilizer, which is silane coupling agent KH-550; and 1% processing aid, which is a mixture of calcium stearate and antioxidant 1010 in a mass ratio of 1:1.
[0016] Example 2 A glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements comprises the following components and weight percentages: 35% glass fiber, which is glass fiber mat with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 15 μm; 55% thermoplastic resin matrix, which is a blend of TPU and PE in a mass ratio of 1:1; 10% toughening modifier, which is core-shell rubber particles (ACR); 3% interface compatibilizer, which is titanate coupling agent NDZ-101; and 2% processing aid, which is a mixture of zinc stearate and antioxidant 168 in a mass ratio of 2:1.
[0017] Example 3 A glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements comprises the following components and weight percentages: 50% glass fiber, which is chopped glass fiber with a length of 10 mm and a diameter of 20 μm; 40% thermoplastic resin matrix, which is TPU; 15% toughening modifier, which is thermoplastic elastomer (SEBS); 5% interface compatibilizer, which is aluminate coupling agent; and 3% processing aid, which is a mixture of EBS (ethylene bis-stearamide) and antioxidant 1076 in a mass ratio of 3:1.
[0018] Add the thermoplastic resin matrix, toughening modifier, interface compatibilizer, and processing aids to a mixer (such as a high-speed mixer), controlling the rotation speed at 300-500 rpm and the temperature at 60-80℃, and mix for 5-10 minutes. This step must ensure that the additives are uniformly dispersed to avoid local accumulation that could affect performance. For example, antioxidants need to be fully integrated into the resin matrix to form a thermally stable protective system.
[0019] A twin-screw extruder was used. In terms of screw length-to-diameter ratio, Example 1 selected 30:1, Example 2 selected 35:1, and Example 3 selected 40:1. In terms of screw speed, Example 1 was 200 rpm, Example 2 was 300 rpm, and Example 3 was 400 rpm.
[0020] The premix is added uniformly from the main feed port, while the glass fiber is precisely metered and added through the side feed port to prevent glass fiber agglomeration. The side feed frequency is matched with the main feed to ensure uniform dispersion of glass fiber in the resin. Melt blending: The temperatures of each zone of the extruder are set (Zone 1 180-200℃, Zone 2 200-230℃, Zone 3 230-250℃, adjusted according to the resin melting point, such as slightly lower for TPU matrix and slightly higher for PP matrix). The materials are melt-mixed under the shearing and conveying action of the screw. The glass fiber and resin matrix achieve chemical bonding or physical entanglement through the interfacial compatibilizer, forming a continuous phase-dispersed phase structure.
[0021] The extruded melt is cooled by water or air to solidify and then pelletized to obtain uniform particles (2-4mm in diameter). The particles have a smooth appearance and are not sticky, ensuring the stability of subsequent molding and processing.
[0022] The flexural strength, flexural modulus and elongation at break of the composite material were tested using a universal testing machine.
[0023] In Example 1, the composite material prepared with PP matrix as the main component has moderate flexibility, flexural strength of 80-90MPa, flexural modulus of 1500-1800MPa, and elongation at break of 8-12%, which can meet the requirements of general structural components.
[0024] In Example 2, due to the use of TPU / PE blending and core-shell rubber toughening, the composite material has excellent flexibility, with a flexural strength of 60-70MPa, a flexural modulus of 1000-1300MPa, and an elongation at break of 15-20%, making it suitable for flexible products.
[0025] In Example 3, since it is a TPU matrix with long glass fiber reinforcement, the material has high strength but slightly low flexibility. The bending strength is 90-110MPa, the bending modulus is 2000-2400MPa, and the elongation at break is 5-8%, which is suitable for high strength and toughness balance scenarios.
[0026] For waste or scrap materials, mechanical crushing (crusher speed 1500-2000rpm, particle size after crushing 3-6mm) and re-granulation (same as the extrusion process mentioned above, but with appropriate reduction of glass fiber addition to avoid excessive shear damage).
[0027] After recycling in Example 1, the tensile strength retention rate is 85-90%, the impact strength retention rate is 80-85%, the performance loss is small, and it can be reused in non-critical structural components.
[0028] After recycling in Example 2, the tensile strength retention rate was 80-85%, the impact strength retention rate was 75-80%, the toughening system was stable, and the flexibility still met the requirements of most scenarios.
[0029] After recycling in Example 3, the tensile strength retention rate was 75-80%, and the impact strength retention rate was 70-75%. Because long glass fibers are easily damaged by shear during recycling, the performance retention rate was slightly lower, and the recycling process needs to be optimized.
[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.
Claims
1. A glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements, characterized in that, It includes the following components and weight percentages: 20-50% glass fiber, 40-70% thermoplastic resin matrix, 5-15% toughening modifier, 1-5% interface compatibilizer, and 0.5-3% processing aid.
2. The glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermoplastic resin matrix is selected from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or blends thereof.
3. The glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toughening modifier is at least one of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin, core-shell rubber particles, or thermoplastic elastomer.
4. The glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface compatibilizer is at least one of silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, or aluminate coupling agents.
5. A glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass fiber is chopped glass fiber or glass fiber mat.
6. A glass fiber composite material for use in claim 5 that meets the flexibility requirements, characterized in that, The glass fibers are 0.1-10 mm in length and 5-20 μm in diameter.
7. A method for preparing a glass fiber composite material that meets the flexibility requirements as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The thermoplastic resin matrix, toughening modifier, interface compatibilizer and processing aid are premixed in a mixer; (2) Add the premixed material to the main feed port of the twin-screw extruder, and add the glass fiber through the side feed port; (3) Melt blending and extrusion at 180-250℃; (4) Cooling and granulation to obtain composite material particles; (5) When recycling waste or scrap materials, mechanical crushing and regranulation are used for recycling.
8. A method for preparing a glass fiber composite material that meets flexibility requirements according to claim 7, characterized in that, The twin-screw extruder has a screw length-to-diameter ratio of 30:1-40:1 and a screw speed of 200-400 rpm.