Vacuum electroslag remelting self-supplying slag device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electroslag remelting, in particular to a vacuum electroslag remelting self-supplying slag device, wherein the electrode assembly comprises a dummy electrode and a consumable electrode, the dummy electrode penetrates through the top of a vacuum cover and extends into a vacuum cavity, the consumable electrode is fixed to the lower side of the dummy electrode, the consumable electrode is in conductive connection with the dummy electrode, the consumable electrode comprises at least two sub-electrodes which are connected in sequence in the vertical direction, the sub-electrode comprises an electrode body and a slag groove, the slag groove is arranged in the electrode body, the opening of the slag groove is located on the top surface of the sub-electrode, and the slag groove is used for placing and storing slag. In this way, the problem that the normal smelting process is easily affected by the supplement of the slag into the vacuum cavity in the vacuum state, and the controllability and safety are poor, is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electroslag remelting technology, and more specifically, to a vacuum electroslag remelting self-replenishing slag device. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag remelting (ESR) is a secondary refining process widely used in the smelting of special alloys. Its core principle is to remelt and purify the electrode metal through a high-temperature molten slag layer, thereby improving the purity and uniformity of the resolidified ingot. However, under normal pressure, the deoxidizing capacity of the slag is limited, making it difficult to control the oxygen content in the molten metal, easily leading to oxide inclusions, and ultimately affecting the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the product. To address these issues, the industry has developed vacuum ESR technology. This technology utilizes vacuum conditions to reduce the partial pressure of the gas phase, effectively promoting the carbon deoxidation reaction and the escape of harmful gases (such as hydrogen and nitrogen), significantly improving deoxidation and degassing efficiency.

[0003] However, the vacuum environment significantly interferes with the slag addition process and its total quantity control. In existing technologies, slag (usually in powder or granular form) must be added via a slag feeder installed on the furnace shell. To ensure a stable slag formation process, the initial slag addition and slag formation stages are typically carried out under an inert atmosphere at atmospheric pressure, while a stable smelting process requires vacuum conditions. Under vacuum and high-temperature smelting conditions, volatile fluoride components (such as CaF2 and AlF4) in the slag continuously volatilize, causing slag volume reduction and compositional imbalance, severely compromising process stability, necessitating periodic slag replenishment. The following key issues exist when replenishing slag via a slag feeder under vacuum conditions:

[0004] 1) During the slag falling process, the strong suction of the vacuum pump caused the dust loss rate to be as high as 20%-40%, and the actual amount added was far lower than expected;

[0005] 2) The dispersed slag dust poses a safety risk of dust explosion and exacerbates equipment wear; at the same time, dust is prone to deposit in vacuum pipelines, causing blockages and significantly increasing maintenance costs;

[0006] 3) Conventional lateral slag addition methods result in uneven slag distribution on the slag pool surface, directly affecting the stability of the electroslag remelting process. Although increasing the slag particle size can reduce vacuum suction losses, it will reduce the slag reactivity and prolong the smelting cycle; moreover, large slag particles falling into the slag pool are prone to causing violent fluctuations, which is also detrimental to the stable control of the smelting process.

[0007] In summary, the existing technology lacks an effective slag addition device and method for vacuum electroslag remelting that can simultaneously ensure the continuity, stability, controllability, and safety of the slag addition process in a vacuum environment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the issues of poor controllability and safety caused by adding slag to a vacuum chamber, which can easily disrupt normal smelting processes, this invention provides a self-slag-adding device for vacuum electroslag remelting. The device includes a shell assembly, a vacuum assembly, a gas-adding assembly, and an electrode assembly. The shell assembly comprises a vacuum hood, a crystallizer unit, and a slag feeder. A vacuum chamber is disposed within the vacuum hood, which is sealed to the upper side of the crystallizer unit. A slag pool is disposed within the crystallizer unit. The vacuum chamber is connected to the vacuum assembly, which can adjust the pressure within the vacuum chamber. The slag feeder is disposed on the vacuum hood, connected to the vacuum chamber, and capable of adding slag to the slag pool. The gas-adding assembly is connected to the vacuum chamber and can add gas into the vacuum chamber. An inert gas is added; the electrode assembly includes a dummy electrode, a consumable electrode, a power supply unit, and a drive unit. The dummy electrode penetrates the top of the vacuum hood and extends into the vacuum chamber. The power supply unit is electrically connected to the top of the dummy electrode and can supply power to the dummy electrode. The consumable electrode is fixed to the lower side of the dummy electrode and is electrically connected to the dummy electrode. The drive unit is drively connected to the dummy electrode and can drive the dummy electrode to move vertically so that the lower end of the consumable electrode is submerged in the liquid surface of the slag pool. The consumable electrode includes at least two sub-electrodes connected in sequence in the vertical direction. The sub-electrode includes an electrode body and a slag trough. The slag trough is disposed in the electrode body, and the opening of the slag trough is located on the top surface of the sub-electrode. The slag trough is used to place and store slag.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sub-electrode includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion being matched, the first connecting portion being disposed on the upper side of the electrode body, and the second connecting portion being disposed on the lower side of the electrode body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first connecting portion protrudes from the electrode body and is coaxially arranged in a cylindrical structure, and an external thread is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting portion; the second connecting portion includes an annular body and an internal thread provided on the inner peripheral surface of the annular body, the outer diameter of the annular body is the same as the diameter of the electrode body; the diameter of the first connecting portion matches the inner diameter of the annular body, and the external thread matches the internal thread.

[0011] In some embodiments, the depth of the slag trough is greater than the height of the first connecting portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, multiple slag troughs are provided and evenly distributed on the electrode body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the depth of the plurality of slag troughs is set to increase gradually in sequence.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a connection unit disposed between the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode.

[0015] In some embodiments, the connecting unit is connected to the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode respectively via threads.

[0016] In some embodiments, the total volume V of the slag trough is calculated by the following formula:

[0017] ;

[0018] In the formula, This represents the total volume of slag lost during the electroslag remelting process. This represents the volatilization rate of the slag, a value obtained from a high-temperature volatility test. The diameter of the electrode; This is the total length of the consumable electrode; This is the volume factor, which ranges from 0.25 to 0.5; The electroslag remelting rate; Density of slag; The density of the consumable electrode; This represents the number of sub-electrodes.

[0019] In some embodiments, the number of sub-electrodes is calculated by the following formula:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, The number of sub-electrodes; This refers to the total electroslag remelting and smelting time; The volatilization rate of the slag; This is the standard for slag loss, and the value is taken as 5% to 15%.

[0022] To address the problem that adding slag to a vacuum chamber can easily disrupt normal smelting processes and result in poor controllability and safety, this invention offers the following advantages:

[0023] In the above technical solution, a sealed vacuum chamber located above the crystallizer unit is formed using the outer shell assembly. The vacuum assembly extracts gas from the vacuum chamber to reach a set pressure, thus creating a vacuum environment. The power supply unit in the electrode assembly provides the electricity required for production to form an electric arc. The drive unit moves the dummy electrode, thereby further moving the consumable electrode, ensuring that the lower end of the consumable electrode is positioned in the molten slag in the slag pool, allowing for smooth production. During production, the consumable electrode is gradually melted and consumed from bottom to top, forming molten metal; that is, the sub-electrode is gradually melted from bottom to top. This process melts through the bottom of the slag trough in the sub-electrode, allowing the stored slag to fall directly into the molten pool. This replenishes the slag during production, preventing slag volume reduction and compositional imbalance. Furthermore, because the slag is released directly into the molten slag surface in the slag pool, it rarely comes into contact with the vacuum chamber, effectively preventing it from being extracted by the vacuum components and causing losses. The short falling distance and controllable range of the slag prevent slag dust dispersion and allow for the selection of smaller slag particles during replenishment, avoiding fluctuations caused by impacts as the slag falls into the molten pool and improving the stability of the smelting process. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to one embodiment is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the sub-electrode of one embodiment is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a sub-electrode structure according to another embodiment is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly according to one embodiment is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a connection unit according to one embodiment is shown.

[0029] Reference numerals: 10-Outer shell assembly; 11-Vacuum hood; 12-Crystallizer unit; 13-Vacuum chamber; 14-Slag feeder; 20-Vacuum assembly; 21-Vacuum tube; 22-Vacuum pump; 30-Gas supply assembly; 31-Gas supply pipe; 32-Gas supply unit; 40-Electrode assembly; 41-Dummy electrode; 42-Consumable electrode; 421-Sub-electrode; 4211-Electrode body; 4212-Slag trough; 4213-First connecting part; 4214-Second connecting part; 43-Drive unit; 431-Column; 432-Clamping structure; 44-Connecting unit; 441-Connector; 442-Welded part. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present disclosure will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present disclosure, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the disclosure.

[0031] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set up", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] This embodiment discloses a vacuum electroslag remelting self-slag replenishing device, such as... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the assembly may include: a housing assembly 10, a vacuum assembly 20, a gas supply assembly 30, and an electrode assembly 40. The housing assembly 10 includes a vacuum shroud 11, a crystallizer unit 12, and a slag feeder 14. A vacuum chamber 13 is provided inside the vacuum shroud 11, and the vacuum shroud 11 can be sealed and connected to the upper side of the crystallizer unit 12. A slag pool is provided inside the crystallizer unit 12. The vacuum chamber 13 is connected to the vacuum assembly 20, and the vacuum assembly 20 can adjust the pressure inside the vacuum chamber 13. The slag feeder 14 is provided on the vacuum shroud 11, and the slag feeder 14 is connected to the vacuum chamber 13 and can add slag to the slag pool. The gas supply assembly 30 is connected to the vacuum chamber 13 and can add inert gas to the vacuum chamber 13. The electrode assembly 40 includes a dummy electrode 41, a consumable electrode 42, a power supply unit, and a drive unit 43. The dummy electrode 41 penetrates the top of the vacuum shroud 11 and extends into the vacuum chamber 13. The power supply unit is electrically connected to the top of the dummy electrode 41 and can supply power to the dummy electrode 41. The consumable electrode 42 is fixed to the lower side of the dummy electrode 41 and is electrically connected to the dummy electrode 41. The drive unit 43 is drively connected to the dummy electrode 41 and can drive the dummy electrode 41 to move vertically so that the lower end of the consumable electrode 42 is submerged in the liquid surface of the slag pool. The consumable electrode 42 includes at least two sub-electrodes 421 connected in sequence in the vertical direction. The sub-electrode 421 includes an electrode body 4211 and a slag trough 4212. The slag trough 4212 is disposed in the electrode body 4211 and the opening of the slag trough 4212 is located on the top surface of the sub-electrode 421. The slag trough 4212 is used to place and store slag.

[0033] Slag plays several important roles in the smelting process. First, it serves as a remelting heat source, converting electrical energy into resistance heat. The metal electrodes melt using this resistance heat, meeting the required smelting temperature. Second, it acts as a purifying agent. During remelting, as molten metal droplets pass through the slag pool, the large contact area between the slag and the molten metal allows for the effective removal of harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus, as well as harmful gases like hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. It also absorbs and dissolves non-metallic inclusions at the molten metal-slag interface, purifying the metal. Third, it acts as a protective agent. A slag layer forms between the ingot and the crystallizer, providing insulation, heat insulation, and lubrication. This prevents direct contact between the metal and the crystallizer, preventing electrical diversion and directing heat flow primarily towards the bottom water tank. This encourages crystallization along the longitudinal axis and facilitates relative movement between the ingot and the crystallizer walls. Furthermore, the molten slag pool above the molten metal prevents direct contact between the molten metal and the atmosphere, preventing oxidation and providing heat storage and insulation. In the electroslag remelting process, the metal is always melted and solidified under the coating of slag. However, the slag contains volatile components, such as volatile fluoride components (e.g., CaF2, AlF4), which continuously volatilize, leading to slag volume reduction and compositional imbalance, severely damaging process stability. Moreover, this volatility characteristic means that it cannot be avoided by increasing the total amount of slag in the early stages of smelting, and can only be replenished during production. However, the vacuum environment of vacuum chamber 13 and the material addition process lead to a technical contradiction.

[0034] In the above-mentioned technical solution of this application, a sealed vacuum chamber 13 located on the upper side of the crystallizer unit 12 is formed by the outer shell assembly 10. The vacuum assembly 20 can extract the gas in the vacuum chamber 13 to reach the set pressure, thereby creating a vacuum environment in the vacuum chamber 13. The power supply unit in the electrode assembly 40 is used to provide the power required for production to generate resistance heating. The drive unit 43 can drive the dummy electrode 41 to further drive the consumable electrode 42 to move, thereby ensuring that the lower end of the consumable electrode 42 is located in the molten slag liquid surface in the slag pool, so that the production can proceed smoothly. During the production process, the consumable electrode 42 is gradually melted and consumed from bottom to top to form molten metal, that is, the sub-electrode 421 can be gradually melted and consumed. The slag gradually melts from bottom to top, causing the bottom of the slag tank 4212 in the sub-electrode 421 to be melted through. This allows the slag stored therein to fall directly and be released into the molten pool, thus replenishing the slag during production and preventing slag volume reduction and compositional imbalance. At the same time, since the slag is directly released into the molten slag surface in the slag pool, it hardly comes into contact with the vacuum chamber 13, effectively preventing it from being extracted by the vacuum component 20 and causing loss. The slag falls over a short distance and within a controllable range, thus preventing slag dust dispersion. Furthermore, smaller particle sizes of slag can be selected when replenishing the slag, avoiding fluctuations caused by impact during the slag falling into the molten pool and improving the stability of the smelting process.

[0035] The length of a single sub-electrode 421 and the bottom position of the slag trough 4212 can be calculated and determined according to the timing of slag replenishment and release. The smelting process of electroslag remelting is relatively stable overall when fluctuations caused by adding slag are avoided. Therefore, the above results can be obtained through calculation.

[0036] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 As shown, the crystallizer unit 12 is equipped with a mold for shaping and a cooling device to cool the mold, thereby accelerating the cooling of the product. Simultaneously, a cooling device, such as a fluid channel, can be installed inside the vacuum chamber 11. A cooling medium is circulated through the fluid channel to achieve heat exchange, thus cooling the vacuum chamber 11. The slag feeder 14 on the outer shell assembly 10 is used for the first slag addition after arc ignition. Due to the limitations of the device, adding slag prematurely would cause difficulties in arc ignition and affect the process. Therefore, slag must still be added through the externally installed slag feeder 14. After melting, the slag forms a slag pool. Therefore, the slag feeder 14 is only used for initial slag addition. When the slag feeder 14 is working, the vacuum chamber 13 is not in a vacuum state, and the smelting process has not yet begun. The slag feeder 14 may also include devices such as a screw conveyor to facilitate the smooth entry of slag into the vacuum chamber 13. Specifically, the slag feeder 14 may be a sealed cylinder structure with a lid. A control valve is provided between the slag feeder 14 and the vacuum shroud 11. By opening the control valve, slag can enter the vacuum shroud 11. When the slag feeder 14 is working, the lid can be closed first. At this time, even if the control valve is opened, the gas in the vacuum chamber 13 will not overflow through the slag feeder 14. The vacuum assembly 20 can extract the air from the vacuum chamber 13, thereby putting the vacuum chamber 13 into a vacuum state. Specifically, the furnace pressure can be adjusted to ≤10Pa. The gas supply assembly 30 can introduce inert gas into the vacuum chamber 13. Introducing inert gas can regulate the pressure of the vacuum chamber 13 on the one hand, and prevent oxidation of the slag and the metal of the consumable electrode 42 on the other hand. Argon is preferably used as the inert gas. A sealing structure can be provided at the position where the dummy electrode 41 passes through the top of the vacuum shroud 11 to ensure the airtightness of the vacuum chamber 13. The driving unit 43 may include a column 431 and a clamping structure 432. The clamping structure 432 can be connected to the portion of the dummy electrode 41 located outside the vacuum chamber 11 and can slide along the column 431, thereby driving the dummy electrode 41 to move. The vacuum assembly 20 may include a vacuum pump 22 and a vacuum tube 21. The vacuum tube 21 passes through the vacuum chamber 11 to communicate with the vacuum chamber 13. The other end of the vacuum tube 21 is connected to the vacuum pump 22, which can generate negative pressure and discharge the gas in the vacuum chamber 13. The gas filling assembly 30 includes a gas filling tank and a gas supply unit 32. Specifically, the gas supply unit 32 may be a gas storage tank capable of storing inert gas.

[0037] As further explanation, the above-mentioned vacuum electroslag remelting self-slag replenishing device is used as follows:

[0038] S1. Assemble the electrode assembly 40, placing a set weight of slag into the slag trough 4212 of each sub-electrode 421, sequentially connecting the sub-electrodes 421 to form a consumable electrode 42, installing the consumable electrode 42 below the dummy electrode 41, and moving the assembled electrode assembly 40 to the melting position (electrode aligned with the crystallizer); S2. Add the baked slag into the slag feeder 14; S3. Start the cooling water circulation system of the vacuum electroslag remelting furnace, install the vacuum cover 11 onto the crystallizer unit 12, and seal the vacuum chamber 13. Adjust the position of the electrode assembly 40 through the drive unit 43 so that the lower end of the consumable electrode 42 moves to the bottom of the crystallizer unit 12; S4. Start the vacuum assembly 20 to purge the gas from the vacuum chamber 13 and the slag feeder 14, allowing the furnace to cool down. When the pressure drops below 10 Pa, the gas filling component 30 is turned on to fill the vacuum chamber 13 with inert gas; S5, in the inert gas environment, the power supply unit is started and the consumable electrode 42 is arced. After the consumable electrode 42 is successfully arced (a stable and large current appears), the slag feeder 14 is started to put the slag into the crystallizer for slag removal; S6, after slag removal, the vacuum component 20 is turned on to extract the inert gas in the vacuum chamber 13 to achieve a vacuum state, and then the melting begins; S7, during the melting process, the sub-electrodes 421 in the consumable electrode 42 gradually melt. When the slag is melted to the bottom of the slag tank 4212 in the sub-electrode 421, the bottom of the slag tank 4212 is melted and the slag inside is released into the crystallizer unit 12 to replenish the slag. S8, after the consumable electrode 42 is completely melted, the power supply unit is turned off, and the vacuum unit and other components continue to operate to allow the product to continue cooling and solidifying in a vacuum environment. After the product is completely solidified, the vacuum is broken and the product is taken out.

[0039] As a specific implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sub-electrode 421 includes a first connecting portion 4213 and a second connecting portion 4214. The first connecting portion 4213 and the second connecting portion 4214 are matched. The first connecting portion 4213 is disposed on the upper side of the electrode body 4211, and the second connecting portion 4214 is disposed on the lower side of the electrode body 4211.

[0040] The first connecting part 4213 and the second connecting part 4214 can adopt a snap-fit ​​or threaded connection structure to facilitate installation and ensure connection strength during the process. Furthermore, the second connecting part 4214 can be omitted for the lowermost sub-electrode 421, while the first connecting part 4213 can be omitted for the uppermost sub-electrode 421. Alternatively, the first connecting part 4213 can be matched with the lower end of the dummy electrode 41 to connect the consumable electrode 42 to the dummy electrode 41. Of course, for ease of production, all sub-electrodes 421 can be configured with the same structure.

[0041] Specifically, as a preferred implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first connecting part 4213 is a cylindrical structure that protrudes from the electrode body 4211 and is coaxially arranged with the electrode body 4211. An external thread is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first connecting part 4213. The second connecting part 4214 includes an annular body and an internal thread provided on the inner circumferential surface of the annular body. The outer diameter of the annular body is the same as the diameter of the electrode body 4211. The diameter of the first connecting part 4213 matches the inner diameter of the annular body, and the external thread matches the internal thread.

[0042] For the threaded connection scheme, on the one hand, the threaded connection can provide better connection stability and is convenient for installation. On the other hand, since a large amount of heat is generated during the melting process to melt the consumable electrode 42, the heat generated will also be transferred to the connection position between the first connection part 4213 and the second connection part 4214. Under the action of thermal expansion and contraction, the internal and external threads of the first connection part 4213 and the second connection part 4214 will expand, making the connection tighter. During the process, the two can maintain a tight connection and prevent the lower sub-electrode 421 from falling off prematurely.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the depth of the slag trough 4212 is greater than the height of the first connecting part 4213. During the melting process of the sub-electrode 421, it will first melt to the bottom of the slag trough 4212, and after the slag is released, the sub-electrode 421 will gradually dissolve, which can ensure the slag feeding effect.

[0044] Furthermore, if a single slag trough 4212 is used, to ensure the wall thickness and connection strength of the first connecting part 4213 and the second connecting part 4214 of the sub-electrode 421, the sidewall of the slag trough 4212 cannot be made thin. However, this also causes the replenished slag to be more concentrated in the center of the sub-electrode 421, and the replenished slag cannot fall more evenly into the slag pool. To solve the above problems, such as Figure 3As shown, multiple slag troughs 4212 are provided and evenly distributed on the electrode body 4211. For example, 3 to 6 slag troughs 4212 can be provided. When multiple slag troughs 4212 are provided, even if the slag troughs 4212 are located relatively close to the outer peripheral edge of the sub-electrode 421, the connection strength between the first connecting part 4213 and the second connecting part 4214 can still be guaranteed. Although the wall thickness at the slag trough 4212 is reduced, the affected area is small and does not affect the connection strength between the sub-electrodes 421. Moreover, after the bottom of the slag trough 4212 is melted, the added slag can be distributed more widely and more evenly.

[0045] To prevent excessive slag from being added at once, in some embodiments, the depth of multiple slag troughs 4212 is set to gradually increase sequentially. By setting the depth of multiple slag troughs 4212 to gradually increase sequentially, the bottom positions of the different slag troughs 4212 are located at different heights. Since the smelting process proceeds gradually from bottom to top, the bottoms of the multiple slag troughs 4212 will melt one by one, thereby replenishing the slag stored therein into the slag pool in batches. This minimizes the impact on the total amount of material in the slag pool and the fluctuation of its composition.

[0046] During the process, only the consumable electrode 42 needs to be melted, while the dummy electrode 41 is used to provide electrical connection and is not a consumable structure. In particular, the lower end of the dummy electrode 41 has a structure for connecting to the consumable electrode 42. If the consumable electrode 42 needs to be fully melted, the dummy electrode 41 will inevitably suffer some damage. Therefore, in order to ensure the full reaction of the consumable electrode 42 and protect the dummy electrode 41, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the electrode assembly 40 also includes a connection unit 44, which is disposed between the dummy electrode 41 and the consumable electrode 42. The connection unit 44 serves as a consumable component, ensuring the consumable electrode 42 melts completely while preventing damage to the dummy electrode 41. Furthermore, the connection unit 44 has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is easy to replace even if damaged, with low cost.

[0047] As one implementation, similar to the first connecting portion 4213 and the second connecting portion 4214, in some embodiments, the connecting unit 44 is connected to the dummy electrode 41 and the consumable electrode 42 respectively via threads. The threaded connection structure is easy to assemble and disassemble and is easy to process, which can reduce the cost of the connecting unit 44.

[0048] As another implementation method, such as Figure 5As shown, the connecting unit 44 may include a connector 441 and a weldment 442. The connector 441 includes a threaded portion and a supporting portion. The threaded portion is annular and can be connected to the lower side of the dummy electrode 41 via threads. The supporting portion is located below the threaded portion and has a through hole at its center. The weldment 442 includes a mating portion and a welding portion. The diameter of the welding portion is the same as the diameter of the pupil and can pass through the through hole. The diameter of the mating portion is larger than that of the welding portion and is located above the welding portion. The mating portion can support the upper side of the supporting portion to fix the weldment 442. The lower side of the weldment 442 can be connected to the consumable electrode by welding. This arrangement allows the consumable electrode to be connected to the connecting unit 44 by welding, which simplifies the production process of the consumable electrode. The connecting unit 44 is divided into two parts, where the connector 441 can be reused, and only the melted weldment 442 needs to be replaced. The welding has low requirements for fitting precision. When only the bottom part of the weldment 442 melts, it can still be connected to a new consumable electrode by welding, thereby reducing costs.

[0049] The connecting unit 44 may be made of the same material as the consumable electrode 42.

[0050] As one specific implementation method, the total volume V of the slag trough 4212 is calculated by the following formula:

[0051] ;

[0052] In the formula, This represents the total volume of slag lost during the electroslag remelting process. This represents the volatilization rate of the slag, a value obtained from a high-temperature volatility test. The diameter of the electrode; This is the total length of the consumable electrode 42; This is the volume factor, which ranges from 0.25 to 0.5; The electroslag remelting rate; Density of slag; The density of the consumable electrode 42; The number of sub-electrodes 421.

[0053] In addition, to facilitate the design of the number of sub-electrodes 421, the number of sub-electrodes 421 is calculated by the following formula:

[0054] ;

[0055] in, The number of the sub-electrodes 421; This refers to the total electroslag remelting and smelting time; The volatilization rate of the slag; This is the standard for slag loss, and the value is taken as 5% to 15%.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A vacuum electroslag remelting self-slag-replenishing device, characterized in that, The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device includes: Housing assembly, vacuum assembly, gas filling assembly, and electrode assembly; The outer casing assembly includes a vacuum hood, a crystallizer unit, and a slag feeder. The vacuum hood contains a vacuum chamber and is sealed to the upper side of the crystallizer unit. The crystallizer unit contains a slag pool. The vacuum chamber is connected to the vacuum assembly, which can adjust the pressure within the vacuum chamber. The slag feeder is mounted on the vacuum hood, connected to the vacuum chamber, and can add slag to the slag pool. The gas-adding assembly is connected to the vacuum chamber and can add inert gas into the vacuum chamber. The electrode assembly includes a dummy electrode, a consumable electrode, a power supply unit, and a drive unit. The dummy electrode penetrates the top of the vacuum shroud and extends into the vacuum chamber. The power supply unit is electrically connected to the top of the dummy electrode and can supply power to the dummy electrode. The consumable electrode is fixed to the lower side of the dummy electrode and is electrically connected to the dummy electrode. The drive unit is drively connected to the dummy electrode and can drive the dummy electrode to move vertically so that the lower end of the consumable electrode is submerged in the liquid surface of the slag pool. The consumable electrode includes at least two sub-electrodes connected in sequence along the vertical direction. Each sub-electrode includes an electrode body and a slag trough. The slag trough is disposed within the electrode body, and its opening is located on the top surface of the sub-electrode. The slag trough is used to place and store slag.

2. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-electrode includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are matched, the first connecting portion is disposed on the upper side of the electrode body, and the second connecting portion is disposed on the lower side of the electrode body.

3. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first connecting part is a cylindrical structure that protrudes from the electrode body and is coaxially arranged with the electrode body, and an external thread is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting part. The second connecting part includes an annular body and an internal thread disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the annular body, wherein the outer diameter of the annular body is the same as the diameter of the electrode body; The diameter of the first connecting part matches the inner diameter of the annular body, and the external thread matches the internal thread.

4. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The depth of the slag trough is greater than the height of the first connecting part.

5. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-slag-repairing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple slag troughs are provided and evenly distributed on the electrode body.

6. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The depth of the multiple slag troughs is set to increase gradually in sequence.

7. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-slag-repairing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode assembly further includes a connection unit disposed between the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode.

8. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting unit is connected to the dummy electrode and the consumable electrode respectively via threads.

9. The vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total volume V of the slag trough is calculated by the following formula: ； In the formula, This represents the total volume of slag lost during the electroslag remelting process. This represents the volatilization rate of the slag, a value obtained from a high-temperature volatility test. The diameter of the electrode; The total length of the consumable electrode; This is the volume factor, which ranges from 0.25 to 0.5; The electroslag remelting rate; Density of slag; The density of the consumable electrode; The number of sub-electrodes.

10. A vacuum electroslag remelting self-repairing slag device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of sub-electrodes is calculated by the following formula: ； in, The number of the sub-electrodes; This refers to the total electroslag remelting and smelting time; The volatilization rate of the slag; This is the standard for slag loss, and the value is taken as 5% to 15%.

Images