Building new energy parking space fire fighting rapid disposal system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire safety, in particular to a building new energy parking space fire fighting rapid disposal system and method, and the system comprises a multi-dimensional fire sensing module, a partitioned fire extinguishing disposal module, a linkage control module and an emergency power supply module. The multi-dimensional fire sensing module comprises an optical fiber temperature sensor, an ionic smoke sensor, an infrared flame detector and a gas sensor, and each charging berth is independently configured; and the partitioned fire extinguishing treatment module comprises a unit type foam-water mixed fire extinguishing device, a superfine dry powder spraying device and a cooling protection assembly. According to the invention, a multi-dimensional sensing module (temperature, smoke, flame and gas) is adopted for cooperative monitoring, and a three-level early warning threshold design is combined, so that false alarm and missing alarm of a single sensor can be effectively avoided, and the early state of a fire and the type of the fire can be accurately identified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire safety, and particularly to a rapid fire-fighting disposal system and method for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles, the number of charging berths in buildings (such as underground garages in residential communities, parking lots in commercial complexes, and attached garages in office buildings, etc.) has increased significantly. However, during the charging process of new energy vehicles, fire accidents caused by problems such as battery thermal runaway, charging equipment failure, and line short circuit occur frequently, and such fires are characterized by rapid fire spread, long duration of high temperature, and easy generation of toxic gases.

[0003] The existing fire-fighting measures for building charging berths have obvious defects: Firstly, the traditional automatic sprinkler system adopts a "large-area coverage" mode, lacking pertinence to charging berth fires, unable to quickly locate the fire source and concentrate on extinguishing the fire, which easily leads to fire extinguishing delay; Secondly, fire monitoring mostly relies on a single temperature sensor or smoke sensor, being interfered by air flow and dust in the narrow space of the charging berth, prone to false alarms or missed alarms, and unable to accurately judge the type of fire (such as battery fire, line fire); Thirdly, the choice of fire extinguishing medium is single, for example, only using water-based fire extinguishing agents, having a poor inhibitory effect on the reignition phenomenon caused by battery thermal runaway, and being difficult to completely block the spread of fire; Fourthly, the system lacks a linkage mechanism with charging equipment, and cannot cut off the charging power supply in the first place when a fire occurs, which easily exacerbates the fire risk.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a rapid fire-fighting disposal system and method for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings with fast response speed, accurate monitoring, strong fire extinguishing pertinence, and linkage control function to fill the gap in the existing technology and ensure the fire safety of building charging berths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing fire-fighting technology for building charging berths, and provide a rapid fire-fighting disposal system and method for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings, realizing accurate fire monitoring, rapid response, targeted fire extinguishing, and multi-device linkage control, greatly improving the efficiency of fire disposal for building charging berths, and reducing fire losses. <9000013>

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings, comprising a multi-dimensional fire sensing module, a zoned fire extinguishing module, a linkage control module, and an emergency power supply module; the multi-dimensional fire sensing module includes a fiber optic temperature sensor, an ionization smoke sensor, an infrared flame detector, and a gas sensor, each independently configured for a charging parking space; the zoned fire extinguishing module includes a unit-type foam-water mixed fire extinguishing device, an ultra-fine dry powder spraying device, and cooling and protection components; the linkage control module includes a main controller, a charging equipment linkage unit, a ventilation linkage unit, and an alarm unit; the emergency power supply module is a UPS uninterruptible power supply, used to ensure emergency power supply for the core components of the system; each module is connected via a communication bus or wireless communication to achieve data interaction and collaborative control.

[0007] Furthermore, the fiber optic temperature sensor is deployed along the battery area of ​​the charging berth and the path of the charging cable; the infrared flame detector can identify the characteristic spectrum of flames with a wavelength of 4.3-4.5μm; the gas sensor is used to detect CO and H2S concentrations, with a preset CO concentration warning threshold of 30ppm.

[0008] Furthermore, the extinguishing medium of the unit-type foam-water mixed fire extinguishing device is a mixture of 3% aqueous film-forming foam liquid and water, with a spray flow rate of 15-20 L / min; the dry powder type of the ultrafine dry powder spraying device is ABC ultrafine dry powder, with a spray time ≥30s; the cooling and protection components are arranged along the edge of the charging berth and can form a water wall to block the spread of fire.

[0009] Furthermore, the main controller of the linkage control module is a PLC controller, which is connected to each module via bus or wireless communication; the charging equipment linkage unit can cut off the charging power within 0.5s; the ventilation linkage unit is connected to the garage exhaust system, and the exhaust volume is ≥10 times / h in case of fire.

[0010] Furthermore, the emergency power supply module has a capacity of ≥1kVA, which can ensure that the core components of the system can work continuously for ≥2 hours.

[0011] A rapid fire-fighting method for a building charging station fire includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Real-time monitoring phase: The multi-dimensional fire sensing module collects temperature, smoke, flame and gas data and transmits them to the main controller. The main controller sets the first, second and third level warning thresholds.

[0013] Step Two: Tiered Response Phase: Based on the warning level, the main controller controls the alarm unit, charging equipment, ventilation system, and fire extinguishing devices to initiate corresponding response actions;

[0014] Step 3: Post-fire monitoring phase: Continuously monitor the sensing data until the data returns to normal, then stop firefighting and adjust the ventilation system operation mode.

[0015] Furthermore, the first-level warning is defined as an optical fiber temperature ≥ 60℃ or a CO concentration ≥ 30ppm, with no smoke or flame detected; the second-level warning is defined as a smoke concentration ≥ 0.15dB / m or a temperature ≥ 100℃, with no flame detected; and the third-level warning is defined as the detection of a flame signal or the triggering of a second-level warning by any two modules.

[0016] Furthermore, when a Level 3 warning is triggered, the main controller first activates the unit-type foam-water mixed fire extinguishing device. If the fire is not extinguished within 10 seconds, the ultra-fine dry powder spraying device is activated, and the cooling and protection components of the adjacent berths are activated at the same time.

[0017] Furthermore, during the post-fire monitoring phase, if the sensing data remains normal for 5 consecutive minutes, the fire suppression operation is stopped, and the ventilation system continues to operate for 30 minutes before returning to normal.

[0018] Furthermore, during a Level 1 warning, the charging equipment reduces its power to below 50%; during a Level 2 warning, the charging power is cut off and low-speed ventilation is activated; and during a Level 3 warning, high-speed ventilation is activated.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention employs multi-dimensional sensing modules (temperature, smoke, flame, and gas) for collaborative monitoring, combined with a three-level early warning threshold design, which can effectively avoid false alarms and missed alarms from a single sensor and accurately identify the early stage of a fire and the type of fire.

[0021] The time from detection of a Level 3 warning to initiation of fire suppression is ≤1 second, and the time to cut off charging power is ≤0.5 seconds, which is much faster than existing systems (existing systems have an average response time of ≥5 seconds). The fire suppression is highly targeted: the zoned fire suppression module is designed with dedicated fire suppression devices for key ignition points such as the battery area and vehicle chassis. Combined with the synergistic fire suppression of foam-water mixture and ultrafine dry powder, it can effectively suppress battery reignition and simultaneously block the spread of fire through cooling and protective components. It achieves deep integration with charging equipment and ventilation systems, not only quickly cutting off the risk of fire sources but also accelerating the discharge of toxic gases, ensuring the safety of personnel evacuation. It is equipped with an emergency power module to ensure the normal operation of the system's core functions during mains power outages, adapting to complex emergency scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings, comprising: a multi-dimensional fire sensing module, a zoned fire extinguishing module, a linkage control module, and an emergency power supply module. The multi-dimensional fire sensing module is independently configured for each charging parking space and includes a fiber optic temperature sensor, an ionization smoke sensor, an infrared flame detector, and a gas sensor. The fiber optic temperature sensor is deployed along the battery area and charging cable path of the charging parking space, with an accuracy of ±0.5℃, used for real-time monitoring of localized high temperatures. The ionization smoke sensor is installed 1.5-2m above the charging parking space, with adjustable sensitivity, used for monitoring early-stage smoke.

[0025] The infrared flame detector faces the vehicle parking area of ​​the charging bay and can identify the characteristic spectrum of flames with a wavelength of 4.3-4.5μm, avoiding strong light interference; the gas sensor is used to detect the concentration of fire characteristic gases such as CO and H2S, and triggers an alarm when the concentration exceeds a preset threshold (such as CO concentration ≥50ppm).

[0026] Zoned fire suppression module: includes unit-type foam-water mixed fire suppression device, ultra-fine dry powder spraying device, and cooling and protection components; the unit-type foam-water mixed fire suppression device is installed on the columns or ceiling on both sides of the charging berth, each device is equipped with an independent solenoid valve, the fire suppression medium is a mixture of 3% aqueous film-forming foam liquid and water, the spray coverage area precisely corresponds to the battery area of ​​the charging berth, and the spray flow rate is a range threshold; the ultra-fine dry powder spraying device is installed directly above the vehicle chassis of the charging berth, the dry powder type is ABC ultra-fine dry powder, the spray time is ≥30s, used to suppress battery reignition;

[0027] The cooling and protection components include a sprinkler network laid along the edge of the charging berth. In the event of a fire in an adjacent berth, cooling water can be sprayed to form a "water wall," preventing the fire from spreading. The linkage control module includes a main controller, a charging equipment linkage unit, a ventilation linkage unit, and an alarm unit. The main controller is a PLC controller, connected to the multi-dimensional fire sensing module and the zoned fire suppression module via bus or wireless communication. It is used to receive sensing data, analyze the fire status, and issue control commands.

[0028] The charging equipment linkage unit is connected to the control circuit of the charging pile. When a fire is detected, the charging power can be cut off within 0.5 seconds. The ventilation linkage unit is connected to the exhaust system of the building garage. When a fire occurs, the high-speed exhaust mode is automatically activated, with an exhaust volume of ≥10 times / h, to accelerate the discharge of toxic gases. The alarm unit includes a local audible and visual alarm (installed next to the charging parking space, with a sound pressure level of ≥85dB and a light intensity of ≥100cd) and a remote alarm terminal (which can send SMS messages and push alarm information via APP to the property duty room and fire control room).

[0029] Emergency power supply module: adopts UPS uninterruptible power supply with a capacity of ≥1kVA. When the mains power of the building is interrupted, it can ensure that the core components (such as solenoid valves and controllers) of the multi-dimensional fire perception module, linkage control module and zoned fire extinguishing module continue to work for ≥2 hours.

[0030] The present invention also provides a rapid fire-fighting method for fires in building charging parking spaces based on the above system, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Real-time monitoring phase: The multi-dimensional fire sensing module continuously collects temperature, smoke, flame, and gas data from the charging bay and transmits the data to the main controller in real time; the main controller analyzes the collected data in real time and sets three-level early warning thresholds:

[0032] Level 1 warning: The fiber optic temperature sensor detects a local temperature ≥60℃, or the gas sensor detects a CO concentration ≥30ppm, and no smoke or flame is detected;

[0033] Level 2 warning: The ionization smoke sensor detects a smoke concentration ≥0.15dB / m, or the fiber optic temperature sensor detects a local temperature ≥100℃, and no flame is detected;

[0034] Level 3 warning: The infrared flame detector detects a flame signal, or any two sensing modules trigger a Level 2 warning simultaneously.

[0035] Tiered response phase:

[0036] When a Level 1 warning is triggered, the main controller controls the alarm unit to activate the local audible and visual alarm (low-frequency flashing, sound pressure level ≤ 60dB) and sends a warning message to the property duty room. At the same time, it controls the charging equipment to reduce the charging power to below 50%.

[0037] When a Level 2 warning is triggered, the main controller controls the alarm unit to activate the local audible and visual alarm (high-frequency flashing, sound pressure level ≥85dB) and the remote alarm, cut off the charging power, activate the low-speed exhaust mode of the ventilation system (exhaust volume ≥5 times / h), and control the zoned fire extinguishing and disposal module to enter the standby state.

[0038] When a Level 3 warning is triggered, the main controller determines that a fire has occurred and immediately activates the zoned fire suppression module: first, the unit-type foam-water mixed fire suppression device is activated to spray foam-water mixture into the battery area; if the infrared flame detector still detects a flame signal within 10 seconds, the ultra-fine dry powder spray device is activated; at the same time, the high-speed exhaust mode of the ventilation system is activated, and the cooling protection components of the adjacent berths are activated to spray cooling water to form a protective water wall.

[0039] Post-fire monitoring phase: After fire suppression is initiated, the multi-dimensional fire sensing module continuously monitors the temperature, smoke, and flame data of the charging berth. If all sensing data returns to the normal threshold (temperature ≤ 40℃, no smoke, flame, or characteristic gases) within 5 consecutive minutes, the main controller stops the zoned fire suppression module and maintains the ventilation system running for 30 minutes before resuming normal operation. If abnormal data is still detected, fire suppression continues until the data returns to normal.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings, characterized in that, The system includes a multi-dimensional fire sensing module, a zoned fire suppression module, a linkage control module, and an emergency power supply module. The multi-dimensional fire sensing module comprises fiber optic temperature sensors, ionization smoke sensors, infrared flame detectors, and gas sensors, with each charging bay independently configured. The zoned fire suppression module includes a unit-type foam-water mixing extinguishing device, an ultra-fine dry powder spraying device, and cooling and protection components. The linkage control module includes a main controller, a charging equipment linkage unit, a ventilation linkage unit, and an alarm unit. The emergency power supply module is a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) to ensure emergency power supply for the system's core components. All modules are connected via a communication bus or wireless communication to achieve data interaction and collaborative control.

2. The rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic temperature sensor is deployed along the battery area and charging cable laying path of the charging berth; the infrared flame detector can identify the characteristic spectrum of flames with a wavelength of 4.3-4.5μm; the gas sensor is used to detect CO and H2S concentrations, with a preset CO concentration warning threshold of 30ppm.

3. The rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extinguishing medium of the unit-type foam-water mixed fire extinguishing device is a mixture of 3% aqueous film-forming foam liquid and water, with a spray flow rate of 15-20 L / min; the dry powder type of the ultrafine dry powder spraying device is ABC ultrafine dry powder, with a spraying time ≥30s; the cooling and protection components are arranged along the edge of the charging berth and can form a water wall to block the spread of fire.

4. The rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller of the linkage control module is a PLC controller, which is connected to each module via bus or wireless communication; the charging equipment linkage unit can cut off the charging power within 0.5s; the ventilation linkage unit is connected to the garage exhaust system, and the exhaust volume is ≥10 times / h in case of fire.

5. A rapid fire-fighting system for new energy vehicle parking spaces in buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency power supply module has a capacity of ≥1kVA and can ensure that the core components of the system can work continuously for ≥2 hours.

6. A rapid fire-fighting method for a building charging station fire based on the system described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Real-time monitoring phase: The multi-dimensional fire sensing module collects temperature, smoke, flame and gas data and transmits them to the main controller. The main controller sets the first, second and third level warning thresholds. Step Two: Tiered Response Phase: Based on the warning level, the main controller controls the alarm unit, charging equipment, ventilation system, and fire extinguishing device to initiate corresponding response actions; Step 3: Post-fire monitoring phase: Continuously monitor the sensing data until the data returns to normal, then stop firefighting and adjust the ventilation system operation mode.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first-level warning is defined as an optical fiber temperature ≥ 60℃ or a CO concentration ≥ 30ppm, with no smoke or flame detected; the second-level warning is defined as a smoke concentration ≥ 0.15dB / m or a temperature ≥ 100℃, with no flame detected. A Level 3 warning is triggered when a flame signal is detected or when any two modules trigger a Level 2 warning.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When a Level 3 warning is triggered, the main controller first activates the unit-type foam-water mixed fire extinguishing device. If the fire is not extinguished within 10 seconds, the ultra-fine dry powder spraying device is activated, and the cooling and protection components of the adjacent berth are activated at the same time.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the post-fire monitoring phase, if the sensing data is normal for 5 consecutive minutes, the firefighting operation is stopped, and the ventilation system continues to run for 30 minutes before returning to normal.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When a Level 1 warning is issued, the charging equipment reduces its power to below 50%. When a Level 2 warning is issued, the charging power is cut off and low-speed ventilation is activated. When a Level 3 warning is issued, high-speed ventilation is activated.

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