A punching device for steel plate processing

Abstract

The present application relates to steel plate processing punching technology field, specifically to a kind of steel plate processing punching equipment, comprising: punch, the lower end surface of the punch is evenly provided with a plurality of fixed rods, the lower end of the fixed rod is fixedly installed with lower die, the outer wall of the fixed rod is slidably installed with upper die, and the output end of the punch is fixedly connected with upper die;Fixed assembly, the fixed assembly is used to fix steel plate;Punching assembly, the punching assembly includes fixedly installed in the lower end surface of upper die punch.This application is pre-extruded by setting conical head before contacting steel plate with external ring, which promotes radial extension deformation of punching area metal, releases local stress in advance and improves material plasticity, on this basis, external ring is punched to the area that has been pre-deformed, which significantly reduces the risk of brittle cracking of high-strength or thick steel plate hole edge.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of punching technology for steel plate processing, in particular to a punching device for steel plate processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] The stamping punching device for steel plate processing generally refers to a mechanical device for punching holes in steel plates or other metal plates. This device uses impact force to punch holes into metal plates. The quality of steel plate punching, especially the smoothness of hole wall (proportion of bright band), the flatness of edge (reduction of burr and collapse angle), and the regularity of hole shape, directly affects the subsequent assembly accuracy, structural strength and service life of the product. For example, the medical orthopedic steel plate punching device with publication number CN114798889B is used as an example. The device is started by the staff, and then the output shaft of the servo motor drives the cam to rotate. While the cam rotates, it contacts the first connecting rod, which makes the first connecting rod move the extrusion pipe downward to punch the medical orthopedic steel plate;

[0003] However, the existing steel plate punching device usually uses a punch press to drive a rigid punch to directly punch the steel plate. However, this direct punching method has the following problems: first, the huge shear force applied by the punch in an instant can easily cause brittle cracking of the material at the hole edge, especially for high-strength or thick steel plates, which affects the integrity and strength of the hole; second, the punching process can easily form a collapse angle (depression) on the upper surface of the hole and a burr (tear strip) on the lower surface. These defects not only reduce the surface quality of the hole, increase the subsequent deburring process and cost, but also can cause scratches or poor fit during assembly, which is particularly unacceptable in precision applications such as medical implants (orthopedic steel plates); third, the circular waste (core material) produced by punching is easily stuck in the mold, which needs to be cleaned manually, which is low in efficiency and has safety hazards. At the same time, the lack of a convenient and effective ejection mechanism makes it difficult to smoothly remove the punched steel plate from the mold, affecting the continuous operation efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a punching device for steel plate processing, which can effectively solve the problems of hole edge cracking, collapse angle and burr in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0006] The present application provides a punching device for steel plate processing, comprising:

[0007] The punch press is uniformly provided with a plurality of fixed rods at the lower end face, the lower end of the fixed rod is fixedly provided with a lower die, the outer wall of the fixed rod is slidably provided with an upper die, and the output end of the punch press is fixedly connected with the upper die.

[0008] A fixing assembly is arranged for fixing the steel plate;

[0009] The punching assembly comprises a punch fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the upper die, a conical head fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the punch, an external ring fixedly installed on the outer wall of the punch and the upper end surface of the conical head, an external sleeve fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the external ring, a fixing disc slidingly installed on the outer wall of the external sleeve, and a placement table provided on the upper end surface of the lower die, wherein an extruded metal is embedded in the placement table, a circular pad block is slidingly installed in the placement table, and the placement table is driven to ascend and descend above the lower die, and the steel plate is pushed to be extruded between the placement table and the fixing disc.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of straight rods are uniformly installed on the lower end surface of the upper die, a first sliding sleeve is slidingly installed on the outer wall of the straight rod, a circular ring is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the first sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the straight rod, a first spring is fixedly installed between the circular ring and the upper die and the outer wall of the straight rod, and an extruded plate is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the first sliding sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing block is symmetrically installed in the lower die, a vertical rod is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the fixing block, a connecting plate is slidingly installed on the outer wall of the vertical rod, a second spring is fixedly installed between the connecting plate and the fixing block and the outer wall of the vertical rod, the opposite end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the circular pad block, and a square plate is fixedly installed on the opposite end of the connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a delivery hydraulic tank is symmetrically installed in the lower die, a first piston plate is airtightly slidingly installed on the inner wall of the delivery hydraulic tank, a first circular rod is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first piston plate, the upper end of the first circular rod penetrates through the delivery hydraulic tank and is fixedly connected with the square plate, and hydraulic oil is filled in the delivery hydraulic tank below the first piston plate.

[0013] Preferably, two groups of return hydraulic tanks are symmetrically installed in the lower die and close to the circular pad block, a second piston plate is airtightly slidingly installed in the return hydraulic tank, a second circular rod is fixedly installed on the upper end of the second piston plate, the upper end of the second circular rod penetrates through the return hydraulic tank and the lower die and is fixedly connected with the placement table, and the return hydraulic tank and the delivery hydraulic tank are communicated through a connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the outer sleeve is fixedly installed with a limiting ring, a plurality of T-shaped limiting sliding blocks are slidably installed in the inner circumference of the limiting ring, the lower end of the T-shaped limiting sliding block is fixedly connected with a fixed disc, the upper end of the fixed disc is fixedly installed with an extrusion ring plate, the lower end surface of the upper die and the outer wall of the punch are fixedly installed with a liquid storage ring sleeve, the liquid storage ring sleeve is filled with hydraulic oil, the outer wall of the extrusion ring plate is in airtight sliding connection with the inner wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve, the outer wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve is communicated with a conveying pipe, the lower end surface of the upper die is fixedly installed with a storage box, the inner wall of the storage box is airtight slidingly installed with an elastic plate, at least one third spring is fixedly installed between the elastic plate and the storage box, and one end of the conveying pipe is communicated with the storage box.

[0015] Preferably, the blanking assembly comprises two groups of air tanks symmetrically installed inside the lower die, the air tanks are communicated through a shunt pipe, one end of the shunt pipe penetrates through the lower die and is fixedly installed with a first electromagnetic valve, the first electromagnetic valve is communicated with an air bag on one side, the air bag is fixedly installed with a pressure detection element inside, the pressure detection element is electrically connected with a controller, a third piston plate is airtight slidingly installed in the air tank, a third round rod is fixedly installed on the upper end of the third piston plate, and the upper end of the third round rod is fixedly connected with a square plate.

[0016] Preferably, one side of the lower die is symmetrically installed with an L-shaped support, a sliding box is fixedly installed on the upper end of the L-shaped support, a second sliding sleeve is communicated with one side of the sliding box, a sliding rod is airtight slidingly installed in the second sliding sleeve, a push head is fixedly installed on one end of the sliding rod and penetrates through the sliding box, a connecting hose is communicated with one end of the second sliding sleeve, a second electromagnetic valve is fixedly installed on the lower end of the connecting hose, the lower end of the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the air bag, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the controller.

[0017] Compared with the known prior art, the technical scheme provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] First, by setting the tapered head pre-extrusion in contact with the outer ring of the steel plate, the radial extension deformation of the punching area metal is generated, the local stress is released in advance and the material plasticity is improved, on this basis, the outer ring is punched on the pre-deformed area, which greatly reduces the instantaneous shear impact force. This step-by-step forming process significantly reduces the risk of brittle cracking of the high-strength or thick steel plate hole edge. At the same time, after the punching is completed, the driving placement table is lifted and cooperates with the fixed disc to implement accurate and controllable two-way extrusion on the steel plate hole area (upper end surface collapse angle, lower end surface burr), using the hard characteristics of the extruded metal and the fixed disc, the hole edge material plasticity is forced to flow, effectively filling the collapse (collapse angle) on the upper surface and flattening the tear band (burr) on the lower surface to the hole wall, forming a smooth transition, which significantly improves the hole wall smoothness (bright band proportion) and edge flatness;

[0019] Second, the circular waste generated by punching is compressed after descending with the circular pad, and the circular pad and the waste are lifted and reset by the second spring when the punch is lifted and reset. At this time, the gas generated by the driving gas tank compression during the downward movement of the square plate in the punching process (controlled by the controller to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve) is introduced into the air bag in time and finally drives the push head to move, which reliably pushes the deformed waste above the steel plate surface out of the mold area, realizing automatic cleaning of the waste and avoiding the efficiency and safety hazards of manual cleaning. In addition, the upward movement of the placement table under the driving of the hydraulic linkage mechanism (delivery hydraulic tank, return hydraulic tank, connecting pipe) and the controlled upward movement of the fixed disc under the action of the hydraulic buffer system (liquid storage ring, delivery pipe, storage box, third spring) together ensure the smooth and uniform stress of the steel plate during demolding and hole extrusion, effectively preventing hole deformation and jamming and ensuring the smoothness of continuous operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any inventive labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed assembly of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a sectional view structural schematic diagram of the punch of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the exploded view schematic diagram of the lower mold of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the sectional view schematic diagram of the lower mold of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the internal structure schematic diagram of the lower mold of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 It is the structure schematic diagram of the blanking assembly of the present application.

[0029] Label: 1, punch press; 101, fixed rod; 102, upper mold; 103, lower mold; 2, fixed assembly; 201, straight rod; 202, first sliding sleeve; 203, circular ring; 204, first spring; 205, extrusion plate; 3, punching assembly; 301, punch; 302, conical head; 303, external ring; 304, external sleeve; 305, placement table; 306, extruded metal; 307, fixed block; 308, vertical rod; 309, second spring; 310, connecting plate; 311, circular pad; 312, square plate; 313, first circular rod; 314, conveying hydraulic tank; 315, first piston plate; 316, connecting pipe; 317, backflow hydraulic tank; 318, second piston plate; 319, second circular rod; 320, fixed disc; 321, limiting ring; 322, T-shaped limiting sliding block; 323, extrusion ring plate; 324, liquid storage ring sleeve; 325, delivery pipe; 326, storage box; 327, elastic plate; 328, third spring; 4, blanking assembly; 401, gas tank; 402, third piston plate; 403, third circular rod; 404, shunt pipe; 405, air bag; 406, first electromagnetic valve; 407, L-shaped support; 408, sliding box; 409, second sliding sleeve; 410, sliding rod; 411, push head; 412, connecting hose; 413, second electromagnetic valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment: refer to Figures 1 to 8 A punching device for steel plate processing, comprising:

[0033] The punch 1 is uniformly provided with a plurality of fixed rods 101 at the lower end surface, a lower die 103 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed rod 101, and an upper die 102 is slidingly installed on the outer wall of the fixed rod 101. The output end of the punch 1 is fixedly connected with the upper die 102.

[0034] The fixed assembly 2 is used for fixing the steel plate.

[0035] The punching assembly 3 comprises a punch 301 fixedly installed at the lower end surface of the upper die 102, a conical head 302 fixedly installed at the lower end surface of the punch 301, a plastic deformation zone pre-extruded by the conical head 302, a continuous shear slip band generated when the outer ring 303 is punched, an improved proportion of hole wall bright band, an outer ring 303 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the punch 301 and at the upper end surface of the conical head 302, an outer sleeve 304 fixedly installed at the upper end surface of the outer ring 303, a fixed disc 320 slidingly installed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 304, a placement table 305 provided at the upper end surface of the lower die 103, an extruded metal 306 embedded in the placement table 305, a circular pad 311 slidingly installed in the placement table 305, and the placement table 305 driven to ascend above the lower die 103 to push the steel plate to be extruded between the placement table 305 and the fixed disc 320.

[0036] A plurality of straight rods 201 are uniformly installed at the lower end surface of the upper die 102, a first sliding sleeve 202 is slidingly installed on the outer wall of the straight rod 201, a circular ring 203 is fixedly installed at the upper end surface of the first sliding sleeve 202 and on the outer wall of the straight rod 201, a first spring 204 is fixedly installed between the circular ring 203 and the upper die 102 and on the outer wall of the straight rod 201, an extrusion plate 205 is fixedly installed at the lower end surface of the first sliding sleeve 202, the pre-extrusion reduces the punching impact load and reduces the risk of blade cracking of the outer ring 303.

[0037] The fixed blocks 307 are symmetrically installed in the lower die 103, the vertical rods 308 are fixedly installed at the upper end surface of the fixed blocks 307, the connecting plates 310 are slidingly installed on the outer wall of the vertical rods 308, the second springs 309 are fixedly installed between the connecting plates 310 and the fixed blocks 307 and on the outer wall of the vertical rods 308, the circular pads 311 are fixedly connected with the opposite ends of the connecting plates 310, the square plates 312 are fixedly installed at the opposite ends of the connecting plates 310, the conical head 302 is firstly pressed into the steel plate to make the punching area material radially expand and deform, the outer ring 303 is punched on the pre-deformation area to reduce the shear force, the waste pushes the circular pad 311 downward, and the second spring 309 is synchronously compressed.

[0038] The delivery hydraulic tank 314 is symmetrically installed in the lower mold 103, the first piston plate 315 is airtight and slidably installed on the inner wall of the delivery hydraulic tank 314, the upper end of the first piston plate 315 is fixedly installed with the first round rod 313, the upper end of the first round rod 313 penetrates through the delivery hydraulic tank 314 and is fixedly connected with the square plate 312, and the delivery hydraulic tank 314 is filled with hydraulic oil below the first piston plate 315.

[0039] Two groups of return flow hydraulic tanks 317 are symmetrically installed in the lower mold 103 and close to the circular cushion block 311, the second piston plate 318 is airtight and slidably installed in the return flow hydraulic tank 317, the upper end of the second piston plate 318 is fixedly installed with the second round rod 319, the upper end of the second round rod 319 penetrates through the return flow hydraulic tank 317 and is fixedly connected with the placing table 305 and the lower mold 103, and the return flow hydraulic tank 317 is communicated with the delivery hydraulic tank 314 through the connecting pipe 316.

[0040] The limiting ring 321 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer connecting sleeve 304, a plurality of T-shaped limiting sliding blocks 322 are circumferentially and slidably installed in the limiting ring 321, the lower end of the T-shaped limiting sliding block 322 is fixedly connected with the fixed disc 320, the upper end of the fixed disc 320 is fixedly installed with the extrusion ring plate 323, the lower end surface of the upper mold 102 is fixedly installed with the liquid storage ring sleeve 324 on the outer wall of the punch 301, the liquid storage ring sleeve 324 is filled with hydraulic oil, the outer wall of the extrusion ring plate 323 is airtight and slidably connected with the inner wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve 324, the outer wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve 324 is communicated with the delivery pipe 325, the lower end surface of the upper mold 102 is fixedly installed with the storage box 326, the inner wall of the storage box 326 is airtight and slidably installed with the elastic plate 327, at least one third spring 328 is fixedly installed between the elastic plate 327 and the storage box 326, one end of the delivery pipe 325 is communicated with the storage box 326, the placing table 305 pushes the steel plate to contact the fixed disc 320, the extrusion ring plate 323 is pressed to go up and extrudes the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage ring sleeve 324, the hydraulic oil pushes the elastic plate 327 to compress the third spring 328 through the delivery pipe 325, so as to form hydraulic damping, then, the extruded metal 306 made of hard alloy material is bidirectionally extruded with the fixed disc 320, when the upper mold 102 rises, the second spring 309 pushes the circular cushion block 311 to carry the compressed waste back to the original position, the third spring 328 releases the pressure to make the hydraulic oil return, and the fixed disc 320 returns to the original position.

[0041] The blanking assembly 4 comprises two groups of air tanks 401 symmetrically arranged inside the lower mold 103, the air tanks 401 are made of rubber material and have certain expansion and contraction, the air tanks 401 are communicated through the shunt pipes 404, one end of the shunt pipe 404 penetrates through the lower mold 103 and is fixedly installed with the first electromagnetic valve 406, the first electromagnetic valve 406 is communicated with the air bag 405 on one side, the air bag 405 is fixedly installed with the pressure detection element inside, the pressure detection element (also called pressure sensor or air pressure sensor) is a device for measuring gas pressure, which can convert the pressure change of gas into an electric signal, the pressure detection element is electrically connected with the controller, the third piston plate 402 is airtightly and slidably installed in the air tank 401, the third piston plate 402 is fixedly installed with the third round rod 403 at the upper end, and the third round rod 403 is fixedly connected with the square plate 312 at the upper end.

[0042] The lower mold 103 is symmetrically installed with the L-shaped support 407 on one side, the L-shaped support 407 is fixedly installed with the sliding box 408 at the upper end, the sliding box 408 is communicated with the second sliding sleeve 409 on one side, the second sliding sleeve 409 is airtightly and slidably installed with the sliding rod 410, one end of the sliding rod 410 penetrates through the sliding box 408 and is fixedly installed with the push head 411, one end of the second sliding sleeve 409 is communicated with the connecting hose 412, the connecting hose 412 is fixedly installed with the second electromagnetic valve 413 at the lower end, the second electromagnetic valve 413 is communicated with the air bag 405 at the lower end, the first electromagnetic valve 406 and the second electromagnetic valve 413 are electrically connected with the controller, the controller opens the second electromagnetic valve 413 after the waste is reset, the compressed air in the air bag 405 pushes the sliding rod 410, the push head 411 horizontally pushes out the waste, the air tank 401 recovers the gas through negative pressure, and the sliding rod 410 is reset.

[0043] The working principle of the application is as follows:

[0044] The steel plate is placed on the end face of the placement table 305, the upper die 102 is driven to slide on the outer wall of the fixed rod 101 and descend by the punch machine 1 control, the descending upper die 102 drives the extrusion plate 205 to descend and contact the surface of the steel plate, as the upper die 102 continuously descends, the extrusion plate 205 drives the first sliding sleeve 202 and the circular ring 203 to slide on the outer wall of the straight rod 201 and compresses the first spring 204, the first spring 204 applies force to the circular ring 203 and the first sliding sleeve 202 in the opposite direction, so that the extrusion plate 205 extrudes and fixes the steel plate, the continuously descending upper die 102 drives the punch 301 to descend, the descending punch 301 drives the conical head 302 to descend together and contact and extrude the steel plate, the conical head 302 extrudes and deforms the steel plate, as the upper die 102 continuously drives the conical head 302 to descend and extrude and deform the steel plate, the extrusion makes the steel plate radially expand and deform, releases stress in advance, reduces instantaneous shear force during subsequent blanking, after the conical head 302 extrudes and deforms the steel plate, the continuously descending outer ring 303 re-punches the position of the steel plate that has been expanded and deformed, so as to reduce the blanking resistance by using the pre-deformed material state, the pre-stretching by the conical head 302 can improve the plasticity of the steel plate at the punching position, avoid cracking of the hole edge, and the pre-deformed position of the steel plate is more prone to form a continuous shear band, the proportion of the bright band is effectively improved (the bright band is a smooth area on the blanking section that presents a mirror-like luster, which can improve the fitting degree of the subsequent assembly workpiece and reduce maintenance cost), the impact load of the punch 301 is reduced, and the risk of blade edge cracking of the outer ring 303 is also reduced, after the conical head 302 and the outer ring 303 punch the steel plate, the conical head 302 and the outer ring 303 continuously descend with the punched waste, in this process, the waste drives the circular pad 311 to descend in the placement table 305 to the inside of the lower die 103, the descending circular pad 311 drives the connecting plate 310 to descend together, the connecting plate 310 slides on the outer wall of the vertical rod 308 and compresses the second spring 309, the descending connecting plate 310 drives the square plate 312 to descend, the descending square plate 312 drives the first circular rod 313 to descend, the descending first circular rod 313 drives the first piston plate 315 to slide and descend airtight in the delivery hydraulic tank 314 and extrude the hydraulic oil in the delivery hydraulic tank 314, the extruded hydraulic oil is delivered to the reflux hydraulic tank 317 through the connecting pipe 316, pushing the second piston plate 318 and the second circular rod 319 to rise, the rising second circular rod 319 drives the placement table 305 to rise, the rising placement table 305 drives the steel plate to slide and rise on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 304;

[0045] It should be noted that the second circular rod 319 is provided with a plurality of, when the plurality of second circular rod 319 is driven together to drive the steel plate to rise, it can uniformly and smoothly drive the steel plate to rise, without causing the steel plate punching inner wall and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 304 to be stuck, and when the second circular rod 319 drives the steel plate to rise, the steel plate will push the extrusion plate 205 to slide on the outer wall of the straight rod 201 (opposite to the sliding of the upper die 102 driving the extrusion plate 205 to descend), so that the first sliding sleeve 202 drives the circular ring 203 to further compress the first spring 204, so as to further fix the steel plate;

[0046] After the steel plate slides up on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 304, it will contact the lower end surface of the fixed disc 320, at this time, the steel plate is pushed up by the placing table 305 to contact the fixed disc 320, the continuously rising placing table 305 will push the steel plate and the fixed disc 320 to rise, the rising fixed disc 320 will drive the extrusion ring plate 323 to slide on the inner wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve 324 and extrude the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage ring sleeve 324, and the T-shaped limiting sliding block 322 arranged will slide in the limiting ring 321 to keep the stability of rising, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the storage box 326 through the conveying pipe 325, the hydraulic oil flowing into the storage box 326 will push the elastic plate 327 to slide in the storage box 326 and extrude the third spring 328, in this process, the hydraulic oil arranged in the liquid storage ring sleeve 324 will be extruded to flow, which will slow down the sliding speed of the extrusion ring plate 323 in the liquid storage ring sleeve 324, and the overall is slow linear rising, which can avoid the deformation of the hole caused by the rapid extrusion of the steel plate between the placing table 305 and the fixed disc 320, when the extrusion ring plate 323 arranged in the liquid storage ring sleeve 324 slides to the top, the continuously rising steel plate will be extruded by the rising placing table 305, the steel plate is extruded between the placing table 305 and the fixed disc 320 at this time, the placing table 305 will extrude the lower end surface of the steel plate formed during punching to extrude the tear with burr generated during punching to the hole wall, forming smooth transition, the contact between the steel plate and the fixed disc 320 will apply pressure to the upper end surface of the steel plate formed during punching, so that the steel plate material flows reversely to fill the depression, the extruded metal 306 and the fixed disc 320 are made of hard alloy material (such as tungsten cobalt hard alloy), which can match the yield degree of the material during extrusion, this bidirectional extrusion is good for low carbon steel and other ductility, which can effectively reduce the appearance of the existing technology punching upper end surface depression and punching lower end surface burr phenomenon, and the hole wall formed during punching can effectively avoid the change of hole diameter;

[0047] It should be noted that after punching, the first round rod 313 drives the placement platform 305 and the steel plate to rise, and the steel plate is subjected to bidirectional extrusion. During the rising process, the speed of the steel plate can be caused by the speed of the hydraulic oil flow in the liquid storage ring 324 caused by the sliding extrusion ring 323 inside the liquid storage ring 324. Therefore, when extruding steel plates of different materials, the elasticity of the third spring 328 can be adjusted by the yield strength of the steel plate material. This causes the elastic plate 327 to slide faster or slower in the storage box 326 when the conveying pipe 325 flows into the storage box 326 (the higher the elasticity of the third spring 328, the greater the resistance of the elastic plate 327, and the relatively slower the sliding speed). This adjusts the flow speed of the hydraulic oil into the storage box 326, and causes a corresponding change in the sliding speed of the extrusion ring 323 in the liquid storage ring 324.

[0048] After the bidirectional extrusion is completed, the upper mold 102 will drive the punch 301 to rise. The second spring 309 will drive the circular pad 311, the connecting plate 310, and the punched waste at the upper end of the circular pad 311 to rise. The rising connecting plate 310 will drive the square plate 312 and the first round rod 313 to rise. The first round rod 313 will drive the first piston plate 315 to slide and rise airtightly inside the conveying hydraulic tank 314, which will reduce the air pressure inside the conveying hydraulic tank 314 and allow the hydraulic oil flowing into the return hydraulic tank 317 to flow back into the conveying hydraulic tank 314 through the connecting pipe 316.

[0049] The rising punch 301 will drive the fixed plate 320 to rise together. After the lower end of the fixed plate 320 is no longer resisted by the steel plate, the compressed third spring 328 will push the elastic plate 327 to slide and squeeze the hydraulic oil in the storage box 326, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the liquid storage ring 324 through the delivery pipe 325, pushing the squeezing ring plate 323 and the fixed plate 320 to slide down and reset to their original positions.

[0050] When the square plate 312 is driven to descend, the third round rod 403 is pressed to drive the third piston plate 402 to slide and descend in the air tank 401 in airtightness, so that the air pressure in the air tank 401 is increased and flows into the air bag 405 through the shunt 404. It should be noted that the air in the air tank 401 flows into the air bag 405, which causes the air bag 405 to expand. The pressure detection element can detect the change of the air pressure of the air bag 405. When the square plate 312 is driven to reset, the third round rod 403 and the third piston plate 402 slide and ascend in the air tank 401. At this time, the air pressure in the air tank 401 is reduced. After the air in the second sliding sleeve 409 pushes the slide rod 410 and the push head 411 to slide and push away the waste material (the push head 411 is made of rubber material and is connected with the slide rod 410 through the existing screw structure, and can be replaced by a roller push rod through the steel plate material and the punched waste material to facilitate pushing away the waste material), the controller controls the second electromagnetic valve 413 and the first electromagnetic valve 406 to open. The air in the second sliding sleeve 409 flows back to the air tank 401 through the connecting hose 412, the air bag 405 and the shunt 404. The slide rod 410 and the push head 411 retreat into the second sliding sleeve 409 for subsequent use.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features. The modification or replacement does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A drilling device for steel plate processing, characterized in that, Include: Punching machine (1), the lower end surface of the punching machine (1) is uniformly provided with a plurality of fixed rods (101), the lower end of the fixed rod (101) is fixedly provided with a lower die (103), the outer wall of the fixed rod (101) is slidably provided with an upper die (102), and the output end of the punching machine (1) is fixedly connected with the upper die (102); The fixed assembly (2) is used for fixing the steel plate; The punching assembly (3) includes a punch (301) fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the upper die (102), the lower end surface of the punch (301) is fixedly provided with a tapered head (302), the outer wall of the punch (301) and the upper end surface of the tapered head (302) are fixedly provided with an external ring (303), the upper end surface of the external ring (303) is fixedly provided with an external sleeve (304), the outer wall of the external sleeve (304) is slidably provided with a fixed disc (320), the upper end surface of the lower die (103) is provided with a placing table (305), the placing table (305) is embedded with an extruded metal (306), the placing table (305) is slidably provided with a circular pad (311), and the placing table (305) is driven to ascend above the lower die (103); the steel plate is pushed to be extruded between the placing table (305) and the fixed disc (320); The lower die (103) is symmetrically provided with a delivery hydraulic tank (314), the inner wall of the delivery hydraulic tank (314) is airtightly slidably provided with a first piston plate (315), the upper end of the first piston plate (315) is fixedly provided with a first circular rod (313), the upper end of the first circular rod (313) penetrates the delivery hydraulic tank (314) and is fixedly connected with a square plate (312), and the delivery hydraulic tank (314) is filled with hydraulic oil below the first piston plate (315); The lower die (103) is symmetrically provided with two groups of return hydraulic tanks (317) near the circular pad (311), the return hydraulic tank (317) is airtightly slidably provided with a second piston plate (318), the upper end of the second piston plate (318) is fixedly provided with a second circular rod (319), the upper end of the second circular rod (319) penetrates the return hydraulic tank (317) and the lower die (103) and is fixedly connected with the placing table (305), and the return hydraulic tank (317) and the delivery hydraulic tank (314) are communicated through a connecting pipe (316); The first circular rod (313) descending drives the first piston plate (315) to airtightly slide and descend in the delivery hydraulic tank (314) and extrude the hydraulic oil in the delivery hydraulic tank (314), the extruded hydraulic oil is delivered to the inside of the return hydraulic tank (317) through the connecting pipe (316), the second piston plate (318) and the second circular rod (319) are pushed to ascend, the second circular rod (319) ascending drives the placing table (305) to ascend, and the placing table (305) ascending drives the steel plate to slide and ascend on the outer wall of the external sleeve (304); The steel plate is in contact with the lower end surface of the fixed disc (320) after sliding upward on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (304), at this time, the steel plate is pushed upward by the placing table (305) to contact the fixed disc (320), and the continuously rising placing table (305) pushes the steel plate and the fixed disc (320) upward; The lower mold (103) is symmetrically provided with a fixed block (307) inside, the upper end surface of the fixed block (307) is fixedly provided with a vertical rod (308), the outer wall of the vertical rod (308) is slidingly provided with a connecting plate (310), the second spring (309) is fixedly installed between the connecting plate (310) and the fixed block (307) and on the outer wall of the vertical rod (308), the opposite end of the connecting plate (310) is fixedly connected with a circular pad (311), and the opposite end of the connecting plate (310) is fixedly provided with a square plate (312). The outer wall of the outer sleeve (304) is fixedly provided with a limiting ring (321), a plurality of T-shaped limiting sliding blocks (322) are slidingly installed in the limiting ring (321) in a circular array, the lower end of the T-shaped limiting sliding block (322) is fixedly connected with the fixed disc (320), the upper end of the fixed disc (320) is fixedly provided with an extrusion ring plate (323), the lower end surface of the upper mold (102) and the outer wall of the punch (301) are fixedly provided with a liquid storage ring sleeve (324), the liquid storage ring sleeve (324) is filled with hydraulic oil, the outer wall of the extrusion ring plate (323) is in airtight sliding connection with the inner wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve (324), the outer wall of the liquid storage ring sleeve (324) is in communication with a conveying pipe (325), the lower end surface of the upper mold (102) is fixedly provided with a storage box (326), the inner wall of the storage box (326) is airtightly slidingly provided with an elastic plate (327), at least one third spring (328) is fixedly installed between the elastic plate (327) and the storage box (326), and one end of the conveying pipe (325) is in communication with the storage box (326).

2. The hole punching apparatus for processing a steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein The lower end surface of the upper mold (102) is uniformly provided with a plurality of straight rods (201), the outer wall of the straight rod (201) is slidingly provided with a first sliding sleeve (202), the upper end surface of the first sliding sleeve (202) and the outer wall of the straight rod (201) are fixedly provided with a circular ring (203), the first spring (204) is fixedly installed between the circular ring (203) and the upper mold (102) and on the outer wall of the straight rod (201), and the lower end surface of the first sliding sleeve (202) is fixedly provided with an extrusion plate (205).

3. The hole punching apparatus for processing a steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein It also includes blanking assembly (4), blanking assembly (4) includes two groups of air tank (401) installed symmetrically inside the lower mold (103), the air tank (401) is communicated by the shunt pipe (404), one end of the shunt pipe (404) penetrates the lower mold (103) and is fixedly installed with the first electromagnetic valve (406), one side of the first electromagnetic valve (406) is communicated with the air bag (405), the air bag (405) is fixedly installed with a pressure detecting element inside, the pressure detecting element is electrically connected with a controller, the third piston plate (402) is airtightly and slidably installed in the air tank (401), the third piston plate (402) is fixedly installed with the third round rod (403) at the upper end, and the third round rod (403) is fixedly connected with the square plate (312) at the upper end.

4. The hole punching apparatus for processing a steel sheet according to claim 3, wherein One side of the lower mold (103) is symmetrically installed with an L-shaped support (407), the upper end of the L-shaped support (407) is fixedly installed with a sliding box (408), one side of the sliding box (408) is communicated with a second sliding sleeve (409), the second sliding sleeve (409) is airtightly and slidably installed with a sliding rod (410) inside, one end of the sliding rod (410) penetrates the sliding box (408) and is fixedly installed with a push head (411), one end of the second sliding sleeve (409) is communicated with a connecting hose (412), the lower end of the connecting hose (412) is fixedly installed with a second electromagnetic valve (413), the lower end of the second electromagnetic valve (413) is communicated with the air bag (405), and the first electromagnetic valve (406) and the second electromagnetic valve (413) are electrically connected with the controller.

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