A robot precision machining process method and system for thin-walled special-shaped surface

CN121104839BActive Publication Date: 2026-08-28BEIHANG UNIV +1
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202511554099.4
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-10-29
Publication Date
2026-08-28
Estimated Expiration
2045-10-29

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

[0003]目前机器人柔性抛光系统普遍采用恒定工艺参数对整个叶身曲面进行统一加工,无法根据实时余量分布和表面质量要求对局部高点进行轮廓精密修形并自适应调整工艺参数,导致反复试错、效率低下且轮廓精度难以保证

Benefits of technology

[0030]一方面,通过“全局恒力抛光+局部高点往复抛光”的分级策略,先以恒定抛光力完成整体表面光整,再针对余量集中区域实施多次往复抛光,使局部高点快速降至轮廓精度阈值内,缩短单件加工节拍并降低废品率;另一方面,基于3D加工余量分布以及表面加工质量要求,抛光轨迹与工艺参数被同步自适应修正,轨迹步距和行距随余量梯度实时缩放,抛光工艺参数由材料去除预测模型与表面粗糙度预测模型联合优化,实现与区域匹配的精细化控制,避免传统恒定参数造成的过抛或欠抛,改善工件表面粗糙度均匀性;再一方面,采用主/被动混合力-位耦合控制架构在抛光过程中实时监测并恒定保持法向接触力,同时闭环修正机器人本体末端位姿,有效确保抛光过程中力-位耦合的准确性与稳定性;又一方面,整个加工链依托同一套机器人单元与中央控制单元完成“扫描-建模-规划-抛光-监测”一体化流程,无需重复装夹,既减少硬件投入,又降低人工干预带来的不确定性。

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Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of aero-engine blade processing, and particularly relates to a robot precision machining process method and system for a thin-walled special-shaped surface, wherein the machining process method comprises the following steps: obtaining workpiece point cloud data of a workpiece to be polished, and reconstructing a digital model of the workpiece to be polished based on the workpiece point cloud data; positioning the workpiece to be polished arranged at the tail end of a robot body based on the digital model, and determining a machining allowance distribution; adaptively planning a polishing track of the workpiece to be polished based on the machining allowance distribution and surface quality requirements, and matching corresponding process parameters; and carrying out polishing work on the workpiece to be polished based on the polishing track and the process parameters, and real-time monitoring the polishing process. The above scheme uses a hierarchical strategy of global constant force polishing combined with local high point reciprocating polishing, first completes overall surface finishing with constant polishing force, and then implements multiple reciprocating polishing on the allowance concentrated area, so that the local high point is quickly reduced to within the contour precision threshold.
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Citation Information

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