Novel waterproof wood surface coating structure beneficial to cement demolding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surface coatings, in particular to a novel waterproof wood surface coating structure beneficial to cement demolding, which comprises a wood permeation reinforcing layer, a cement curing layer, a cement curing layer and a cement curing layer from inside to outside, and the wood permeation reinforcing layer is formed by permeating low-viscosity epoxy resin or polyurethane prepolymer into pores of a wood surface layer through a vacuum pressure impregnation process and curing the low-viscosity epoxy resin or polyurethane prepolymer; the reinforcing layer is used for reinforcing a base material and blocking moisture from infiltrating; the wood permeation reinforcing layer is coated with the main waterproof demolding layer, the main waterproof demolding layer is formed by compounding a fluoride-free water repellent agent, wear-resistant reinforcing particles and a polymer matrix, and the fluoride-free water repellent agent is nano silicon dioxide modified by long-chain alkylsilane or mesoporous polydopamine microspheres; and the super-hydrophobic wear-resistant surface layer is coated on the main waterproof demolding layer. According to the structure, through the three-layer structural design that the base material reinforces the main functional surface for protection, the fundamental problems that the wood is porous and prone to being damaged and the surface is prone to being adhered are solved, the functions of all the layers are clear, and synergistic interaction is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface coatings, and more particularly to a novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding. Background Technology

[0002] Wood is widely used in the construction industry as a formwork for concrete pouring due to its advantages such as light weight, ease of processing, and low cost. However, wood itself has two inherent defects: First, wood is a porous hydrophilic material, which easily absorbs moisture from the cement slurry during concrete pouring, causing the formwork to swell, deform, mold, and even stick to the cement, seriously affecting the smoothness and gloss of the concrete surface after demolding and significantly shortening the service life of the formwork. Second, wood has a high surface energy and strong adhesion to cement slurry, making demolding difficult. It usually requires the application of a large amount of release agent, which not only increases construction costs and procedures but may also affect the appearance quality of the concrete due to uneven application of the release agent.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have proposed several solutions. For instance, applying a simple varnish or tung oil treatment to the wood surface can block moisture to some extent, but its wear resistance and durability are poor, and its effectiveness decreases sharply after several uses. Furthermore, many superhydrophobic coatings rely on fluorine-containing reagents to reduce surface energy, posing a risk of environmental pollution. Moreover, their wear resistance and alkali resistance are often insufficient, making it difficult to withstand the high-alkali environment of cement hydration heat release and friction and scratches during construction.

[0004] Therefore, developing an integrated coating structure that can firmly bond with the wood matrix, combine internal reinforcement with superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface properties, is environmentally friendly, and has a long-lasting demolding function has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding.

[0006] This invention provides a novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding, comprising, from the inside out:

[0007] The wood penetration reinforcement layer is formed by impregnating low-viscosity epoxy resin or polyurethane prepolymer into the pores of the wood surface through a vacuum pressure impregnation process and then curing it. It is used to strengthen the substrate and prevent moisture from penetrating inward.

[0008] The main waterproof release layer is coated on the wood penetration and reinforcement layer and is composed of a fluorine-free hydrophobic agent, wear-resistant reinforcing particles and a polymer matrix. The fluorine-free hydrophobic agent is nano-silica or mesoporous polydopamine microspheres modified with long-chain alkylsilane.

[0009] The superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer, coated on the main waterproof release layer, is composed of nano-silica modified with long-chain alkylsilane and cross-linked fluorocarbon resin or high-hardness polyurethane acrylate, forming a micro-nano hierarchical rough structure, providing stable superhydrophobicity and wear resistance.

[0010] Preferably, the long-chain alkylsilane is hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) or octadecyltrimethoxysilane (ODTMS).

[0011] Preferably, the wear-resistant reinforcing particles in the main waterproof release layer are nano-alumina (Al2O3) or silicon carbide (SiC) particles with a particle size of 50-200nm, and the amount added is 5%-15% of the polymer matrix mass.

[0012] Preferably, the superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer is cured by ultraviolet (UV) curing process, and the cross-linked fluorocarbon resin or high-hardness polyurethane acrylate is a UV-curable resin.

[0013] Preferably, the wood-penetrating reinforcement layer further comprises 1%-5% nanocellulose whiskers by weight of the resin, which are used to enhance the toughness and adhesion of the reinforcement layer.

[0014] Preferably, the polymer matrix of the main waterproof release layer is an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer emulsion, and the layer contains chlorinated paraffin accounting for 10%-20% of the mass of EVA as a plasticizer and flame retardant.

[0015] Preferably, the mesoporous polydopamine microspheres in the main waterproof release layer serve as photothermal conversion agents and are preloaded with long-chain alkylsilane repair agents.

[0016] Preferably, the main waterproof release layer contains uniformly dispersed temperature-sensitive microcapsules. The wall material of the microcapsules is polylactic acid, and the core material is paraffin phase change material. The phase change temperature matches the temperature of the peak heat release of cement hydration (40-60℃).

[0017] Preferably, an elastic buffer layer is provided between the wood penetration reinforcement layer and the main waterproof release layer. The buffer layer is formed by dispersing rubber particles (such as styrene-butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber) or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in a polymer binder, and has a thickness of 100-500 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the coating is prepared by the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Pre-treat the wood by sanding and drying;

[0020] Step 2: Use a vacuum pressure impregnation device to impregnate the wood with low-viscosity reinforcing resin, and then cure it to form a wood-penetrating reinforcing layer;

[0021] Step 3: Apply the main waterproof release layer slurry to the reinforcement layer by scraping or spraying, and cure it at 50-80℃;

[0022] Step 4: Apply a superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer slurry to the main layer by spraying, and then cure it with ultraviolet light or at room temperature.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The three-layer structure design of “substrate reinforcement, main function, and surface protection” helps to solve the fundamental problems of wood’s porosity, vulnerability, and easy adhesion to the surface. Each layer has a clear function and works synergistically.

[0025] 2. Using fluorine-free hydrophobic agents (such as HDTMS modified nano-SiO2) can achieve a superhydrophobic effect with a water contact angle greater than 160° while avoiding the environmental risks of fluorine-containing compounds.

[0026] 3. The internal reinforcement layer helps improve the mechanical strength and dimensional stability of the wood. The wear-resistant particles (such as nano Al2O3) and the UV-cured highly cross-linked surface layer enhance the coating's resistance to mechanical wear and chemical corrosion (cement alkali), resulting in a service life far exceeding that of traditional treatment methods.

[0027] 4. Through photothermal conversion microspheres and loaded repair agents, intelligent repair of scratches can be achieved, maintaining long-term hydrophobicity. Thermosensitive microcapsules utilize the heat of cement hydration to trigger phase change, generating a "micro-vibration" effect, actively reducing adhesion and making demolding more thorough. The EVA / chlorinated paraffin system imparts flame retardancy to the coating, improving construction safety. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a comparative test table of the coating template performance of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0030] A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding, comprising, from the inside out:

[0031] The wood penetration reinforcement layer is formed by impregnating low-viscosity epoxy resin or polyurethane prepolymer into the pores of the wood surface through a vacuum pressure impregnation process and then curing it. It is used to strengthen the substrate and prevent moisture from penetrating inward.

[0032] The main waterproof release layer is coated on the wood penetration and reinforcement layer and is composed of a fluorine-free hydrophobic agent, wear-resistant reinforcing particles and a polymer matrix. The fluorine-free hydrophobic agent is nano-silica or mesoporous polydopamine microspheres modified with long-chain alkylsilane.

[0033] The superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer is coated on the main waterproof release layer. It is composed of nano-silica modified with long-chain alkylsilane and cross-linked fluorocarbon resin or high-hardness polyurethane acrylate, forming a micro-nano hierarchical rough structure, providing stable superhydrophobicity and wear resistance.

[0034] The coating is designed as a multi-layered synergistic structure, from "substrate reinforcement" to "main functional layer" and then to "surface protection." It systematically combines the "vacuum pressure impregnation" wood reinforcement process with "fluorine-free superhydrophobic" surface technology. This helps to solve the contradiction between the loose and porous nature of wood, which is prone to deformation, and the high surface energy, which makes it easy to adhere. The internal reinforcement helps to extend the mechanical life of the wooden formwork. The fluorine-free main layer provides an environmentally friendly and efficient waterproof demolding function, and the superhydrophobic surface layer ensures the durability of the function. This improves the coating's lifespan, environmental friendliness, and demolding effect.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, the long-chain alkylsilane is hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) or octadecyltrimethoxysilane (ODTMS).

[0036] By specifically defining the modifier of the fluorine-free hydrophobic agent as an alkylsilane (C16 or C18) with a specific chain length, this chain length is beneficial for balancing hydrophobicity, steric hindrance, and compatibility with nanoparticles and polymer matrices at the molecular level. C16 and C18 silanes can form a denser and more ordered self-assembled monolayer, which is beneficial for obtaining a higher (160°) and more stable water contact angle and a smaller roll-off angle. Their demolding effect is better than that of short-chain (such as C8) or other types of modifiers.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, the wear-resistant reinforcing particles in the main waterproof release layer are nano-alumina (Al2O3) or silicon carbide (SiC) particles with a particle size of 50-200nm, and the addition amount is 5%-15% of the polymer matrix mass;

[0038] Adding specific types and sizes of hard nanoparticles to the main waterproof release layer, rather than just the surface layer, not only increases wear resistance but also acts as a support point, working synergistically with the polymer matrix to construct a more stable micro-nano structure, preventing it from being crushed by cement particles under high pressure. Selecting nanoparticles with extremely high hardness, such as Al2O3 or SiC, and controlling the particle size and addition range, can significantly improve the compressive strength and scratch resistance of the coating, avoiding the problem of increased brittleness or cracking of the coating due to the addition of particles, thus achieving a good balance between strength and toughness.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, the superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer is cured by ultraviolet (UV) curing process, and the cross-linked fluorocarbon resin or high-hardness polyurethane acrylate is a UV-curable resin.

[0040] Applying UV curing technology to the superhydrophobic surface layer of wood template coatings, UV curing has unique advantages such as second-level rapid curing, low energy consumption, and high cross-linking density. It quickly forms a wear-resistant surface with high hardness and high cross-linking degree, thus avoiding the heat damage that heat curing may cause to the wood substrate and the underlying coating. The high cross-linking degree makes the surface more difficult to be eroded by alkaline substances in cement, greatly enhancing durability and making it suitable for continuous industrial production.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, the wood-penetrating reinforcement layer also contains 1%-5% by weight of nanocellulose whiskers to enhance the toughness and adhesion of the reinforcement layer.

[0042] Introducing nanocellulose whiskers as a bio-based green reinforcing agent into the penetrating reinforcement layer, nanocellulose, derived from wood itself, exhibits excellent compatibility with both wood pores and the resin matrix. The nanocellulose whiskers act as a toughening agent, similar to reinforcing steel bars, effectively suppressing microcracks caused by the brittleness of the reinforcement layer, significantly improving interfacial adhesion with the wood matrix, and preventing interlayer delamination. This is an innovative application of green nanomaterials in reinforcing functional coatings.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, the polymer matrix of the main waterproof release layer is an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer emulsion, and the layer contains 10%-20% chlorinated paraffin as a plasticizer and flame retardant.

[0044] EVA emulsion is selected as the main matrix and compounded with chlorinated paraffin. EVA itself has good flexibility, film-forming properties and low cost, while chlorinated paraffin has both plasticizing and flame-retardant functions. This combination gives the main waterproof release layer excellent waterproof and release properties while giving the entire coating structure flame retardancy. Since there are often open flame operations on the construction site, this design greatly improves the fire safety of wooden formwork. This is a crucial advancement that has not been addressed in existing technologies.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, the mesoporous polydopamine microspheres in the main waterproof release layer serve as photothermal conversion agents and are preloaded with long-chain alkylsilane repair agents;

[0046] A stimulus-responsive self-healing mechanism has been introduced, utilizing the dual functions of mesoporous polydopamine microspheres (MPDA): ① as a hydrophobic agent; ② as a near-infrared photothermal conversion agent. Its mesoporous structure is used to load and store the hydrophobic repair agent. When scratches appear on the surface and cause performance degradation, simple NIR light irradiation causes MPDA to generate heat, which softens and flows the polymer matrix locally and triggers the release of the repair agent, automatically repairing the scratches and restoring superhydrophobicity. This helps to solve the problem of superhydrophobic coatings being "scratch-sensitive," achieving intelligent and long-lasting functionality, which is a disruptive advancement.

[0047] As an optional embodiment, the main waterproof release layer is uniformly dispersed with temperature-sensitive microcapsules. The wall material of the microcapsules is polylactic acid, and the core is paraffin phase change material. The phase change temperature matches the temperature of the peak heat release of cement hydration (40-60℃).

[0048] A smart temperature-sensitive material system was introduced into the functional coating. This design utilizes the heat inevitably generated during cement hydration as a trigger signal. The phase change endothermic behavior of the microcapsules actively intervenes in the demolding process. When cement hydration releases heat, the microcapsule core (paraffin) melts and absorbs heat, while simultaneously generating a tiny volume expansion at the microscopic level. This creates a "micro-vibration" at the interface between the coating and the cement, effectively weakening the mechanical interlocking and adhesion between the two, making demolding easier and more thorough. This is an active and intelligent demolding mechanism. The phase change endothermic process can slightly reduce the interface temperature, which helps reduce the risk of concrete surface cracking caused by temperature stress and improves the quality of the finished concrete product.

[0049] As an optional embodiment, an elastic buffer layer is provided between the wood penetration reinforcement layer and the main waterproof release layer. The buffer layer is formed by dispersing rubber particles (such as styrene-butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber) or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in a polymer binder, and has a thickness of 100-500μm.

[0050] Between the rigid reinforcement layer and the functional main layer, a dedicated elastic buffer layer is added. This layer does not directly undertake waterproofing or demolding functions; its core role is to transition and coordinate mechanical properties. During demolding hammering, mechanical vibration, or template deformation, this elastic layer can effectively absorb and disperse stress, preventing stress concentration from causing cracks or peeling of the brittle main waterproof demolding layer and superhydrophobic wear-resistant surface layer. This helps improve the overall coating system's resistance to impact and deformation, allowing the coating to maintain its integrity even in more demanding construction environments, thus extending its service life.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, the coating is prepared by the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Pre-treat the wood by sanding and drying;

[0053] Step 2: Use a vacuum pressure impregnation device to impregnate the wood with low-viscosity reinforcing resin, and then cure it to form a wood-penetrating reinforcing layer;

[0054] Step 3: Apply the main waterproof release layer slurry to the reinforcement layer by scraping or spraying, and cure it at 50-80℃;

[0055] Step 4: Apply a superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer slurry to the main layer by spraying, and then cure it with ultraviolet light or at room temperature;

[0056] This method is a preparation process tailored for the above-mentioned multifunctional coating structure. Its core lies in the combination of vacuum pressure impregnation and multi-layer stepwise curing (thermal curing + UV curing). This process ensures the reinforcement depth and effect through high-pressure impregnation; stepwise coating avoids interlayer interference; different curing methods select the optimal film-forming conditions for each layer (such as avoiding heat damage to the surface wood and UV rapid curing of the high-hardness surface layer).

[0057] Example 1

[0058] Basic high-performance coating

[0059] 1. Substrate pretreatment: Select poplar wood templates, sand them smooth with 80-grit sandpaper, remove surface wood fibers and dust, and dry them in an oven at 80℃ until the moisture content is below 12%;

[0060] 2. Preparation of wood penetration reinforcement layer: Select low viscosity epoxy resin (E44), add 3% of its mass of nanocellulose whiskers, stir at high speed to disperse evenly, place the wood in a sealed tank, vacuum to 0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes, then inject the above resin liquid, pressurize to 1.2MPa and maintain for 2 hours, take out the wood, wipe off the excess resin on the surface, and cure at 80℃ for 6 hours to form a strong wood penetration reinforcement layer;

[0061] 3. Preparation of the main waterproof release layer slurry: Using ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) emulsion (50% solid content) as the polymer matrix, add 15g of nano-silica modified with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS), 8g of nano-alumina (Al2O3) particles with an average particle size of 100nm, and 15g of chlorinated paraffin 52 to 100g of EVA emulsion. Stir at 2000r / min for 1 hour using a high-speed emulsifier to make it uniformly mixed.

[0062] 4. Apply the main waterproof release layer: Apply the above slurry evenly to the surface of the reinforced wood with a scraper, with a wet film thickness of about 200μm, and then place it in a 60℃ oven to cure for 2 hours.

[0063] 5. Preparation of superhydrophobic wear-resistant surface slurry: Using UV-curable high-hardness polyurethane acrylate resin as the matrix, add 5g HDMS modified nano-SiO2 and 3g photoinitiator 1173 to 100g of resin and stir to disperse evenly.

[0064] 6. Coating and curing the superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer: The surface layer slurry is evenly sprayed onto the main waterproof release layer with a spray gun, and then immediately irradiated with a UV curing machine (power 80W / cm, wavelength 365nm) for 30 seconds to completely cure it and form a superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer with a micro-nano rough structure.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Intelligent self-healing coating

[0067] 1. Substrate pretreatment: Select poplar wood templates, sand them smooth with 80-grit sandpaper, remove surface wood fibers and dust, and dry them in an oven at 80℃ until the moisture content is below 12%;

[0068] 2. Preparation of wood penetration reinforcement layer: Select low viscosity epoxy resin (E44), add 3% of its mass of nanocellulose whiskers, stir at high speed to disperse evenly, place the wood in a sealed tank, vacuum to 0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes, then inject the above resin liquid, pressurize to 1.2MPa and maintain for 2 hours, take out the wood, wipe off the excess resin on the surface, and cure at 80℃ for 6 hours to form a strong wood penetration reinforcement layer;

[0069] 3. Preparation of main waterproof release layer slurry (self-healing function): mesoporous polydopamine microspheres (MPDA) are synthesized in advance and soaked in HDTMS ethanol solution for 48 hours to load the mesopores of the microspheres with HDTMS repair agent. After filtration and drying, they are ready for use. Using EVA emulsion as the matrix, 20g of the above-mentioned MPDA microspheres loaded with repair agent (which also serve as hydrophobic and photothermal agents) and 10g of nano silicon carbide (SiC) particles (150nm) are added to 100g of EVA emulsion and dispersed evenly by high-speed stirring.

[0070] 4. Apply the main waterproof release layer: Apply the above slurry evenly to the surface of the reinforced wood with a scraper, with a wet film thickness of about 200μm, and then place it in a 60℃ oven to cure for 2 hours.

[0071] 5. Preparation of superhydrophobic wear-resistant surface slurry: Using UV-curable high-hardness polyurethane acrylate resin as the matrix, add 5g HDMS modified nano-SiO2 and 3g photoinitiator 1173 to 100g of resin and stir to disperse evenly.

[0072] 6. Coating and curing the superhydrophobic wear-resistant surface layer: The surface layer slurry is evenly sprayed onto the main waterproof release layer with a spray gun, and then immediately irradiated with a UV curing machine (power 80W / cm, wavelength 365nm) for 30 seconds to completely cure it and form a superhydrophobic wear-resistant surface layer with a micro-nano rough structure.

[0073] 7. Self-healing function verification: Use a blade to scratch the coating surface. The water contact angle drops from 162° to 120°. Then, irradiate the scratched area with an 808nm near-infrared laser (power 1.5W / cm²) for 60 seconds. After cooling, observe that the scratch has basically disappeared and the water contact angle has recovered to above 160°.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] High-efficiency demolding and high-toughness coating

[0076] 1. Substrate pretreatment: Select poplar wood templates, sand them smooth with 80-grit sandpaper, remove surface wood fibers and dust, and dry them in an oven at 80℃ until the moisture content is below 12%;

[0077] 2. Preparation of wood penetration reinforcement layer: Select low viscosity epoxy resin (E44), add 3% of its mass of nanocellulose whiskers, stir at high speed to disperse evenly, place the wood in a sealed tank, vacuum to 0.095MPa and maintain for 30 minutes, then inject the above resin liquid, pressurize to 1.2MPa and maintain for 2 hours, take out the wood, wipe off the excess resin on the surface, and cure at 80℃ for 6 hours to form a strong wood penetration reinforcement layer;

[0078] 3. Coating the elastic buffer layer: Disperse chloroprene rubber particles (200 mesh) in chloroprene rubber adhesive, control the solid content at 40%, and control the thickness at 300μm. Apply the slurry to the wood penetration reinforcement layer by scraping method, and let it dry at room temperature for 24 hours to allow it to fully cure and form.

[0079] 4. Main waterproof release layer slurry (temperature-sensitive release function): Using the complex coagulation method, polylactic acid (PLA) is used as the wall material and paraffin wax with a melting point of 55℃ is used as the core to prepare microcapsules with a particle size of 2050μm. Using EVA emulsion as the matrix, 15g of HDTMS modified nano SiO2 and 12g of the above temperature-sensitive microcapsules are added to 100g of EVA emulsion and dispersed evenly by high-speed stirring.

[0080] 5. Apply the waterproof release layer: Spray the slurry onto the elastic buffer layer, with a wet film thickness of 150μm, and cure at 60℃.

[0081] 6. Preparation of superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface slurry: Using UV-curable high-hardness polyurethane acrylate resin as the matrix, add 5g HDMS modified nano-SiO2 and 3g photoinitiator 1173 to 100g of resin and stir to disperse evenly.

[0082] 7. Coating and curing the superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer: The surface layer slurry is evenly sprayed onto the main waterproof release layer with a spray gun, and then immediately irradiated with a UV curing machine (power 80W / cm, wavelength 365nm) for 30 seconds to completely cure it and form a superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer with a micro-nano rough structure.

[0083] 8. Demolding effect verification: When this template was used to pour concrete test blocks, the resistance felt during demolding was significantly less than that of the comparative example (without the coating of temperature-sensitive microcapsules). The concrete surface was smooth and without defects. The demolding force was reduced by about 35% when tested with a tensile tester.

[0084] Comparative Example

[0085] Using traditional methods, only two coats of epoxy resin varnish are applied to the surface of the wood.

[0086] Performance testing

[0087] The performance of the coating templates obtained in each embodiment of the present invention was compared with that of the comparative example. Results Figure 1 As shown, the test results indicate that the coating structure provided by this invention is far superior to traditional wood treatment methods in terms of waterproofness, release properties, wear resistance, service life, and functionality.

[0088] The three-layer structure design of "substrate reinforcement, main function, and surface protection" helps to solve the fundamental problems of wood's porosity, vulnerability, and easy adhesion to the surface. Each layer has a clear function and works synergistically.

[0089] Using fluorine-free hydrophobic agents (such as HDTMS modified nano-SiO2) can achieve a superhydrophobic effect with a water contact angle greater than 160° while avoiding the environmental risks of fluorine-containing compounds.

[0090] The internal reinforcement layer helps improve the mechanical strength and dimensional stability of the wood. The wear-resistant particles (such as nano Al2O3) and the UV-cured highly cross-linked surface layer enhance the coating's resistance to mechanical wear and chemical corrosion (cement alkali), resulting in a service life far exceeding that of traditional treatment methods.

[0091] Intelligent repair of scratches can be achieved through photothermal conversion microspheres and loaded repair agents, maintaining long-term hydrophobicity. Thermosensitive microcapsules utilize the heat of cement hydration to trigger a phase change, generating a "micro-vibration" effect that actively reduces adhesion and makes demolding more thorough. The EVA / chlorinated paraffin system imparts flame retardancy to the coating, improving construction safety.

[0092] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding, characterized in that, Therefore, from the inside out, it includes: The wood penetration reinforcement layer is formed by impregnating low-viscosity epoxy resin or polyurethane prepolymer into the pores of the wood surface through a vacuum pressure impregnation process and then curing it. It is used to strengthen the substrate and prevent moisture from penetrating inward. The main waterproof release layer is coated on the wood penetration and reinforcement layer and is composed of a fluorine-free hydrophobic agent, wear-resistant reinforcing particles and a polymer matrix. The fluorine-free hydrophobic agent is nano-silica or mesoporous polydopamine microspheres modified with long-chain alkylsilane. The superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer, coated on the main waterproof release layer, is composed of nano-silica modified with long-chain alkylsilane and cross-linked fluorocarbon resin or high-hardness polyurethane acrylate, forming a micro-nano hierarchical rough structure, providing stable superhydrophobicity and wear resistance.

2. The novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long-chain alkylsilane is hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) or octadecyltrimethoxysilane (ODTMS).

3. The novel waterproof wood surface coating structure facilitating cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant reinforcing particles in the main waterproof release layer are nano-alumina (Al2O3) or silicon carbide (SiC) particles with a particle size of 50-200nm, and the amount added is 5%-15% of the polymer matrix mass.

4. The novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer is cured by ultraviolet (UV) curing process, and the cross-linked fluorocarbon resin or high-hardness polyurethane acrylate is a UV-curable resin.

5. A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure facilitating cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wood-penetrating reinforcement layer also contains 1%-5% nanocellulose whiskers by weight of the resin, which are used to enhance the toughness and adhesion of the reinforcement layer.

6. The novel waterproof wood surface coating structure facilitating cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer matrix of the main waterproof release layer is an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer emulsion, and the layer contains chlorinated paraffin accounting for 10%-20% of the mass of EVA as a plasticizer and flame retardant.

7. A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure facilitating cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesoporous polydopamine microspheres in the main waterproof release layer serve as photothermal conversion agents and are pre-loaded with long-chain alkylsilane repair agents.

8. A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure that facilitates cement demolding, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The main waterproof release layer contains uniformly dispersed temperature-sensitive microcapsules. The wall material of the microcapsules is polylactic acid, and the core is paraffin phase change material. The phase change temperature matches the temperature of the peak heat release of cement hydration (40-60℃).

9. A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure facilitating cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between the wood penetration reinforcement layer and the main waterproof release layer, an elastic buffer layer is also provided. This buffer layer is formed by dispersing rubber particles (such as styrene-butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber) or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer in a polymer binder, and has a thickness of 100-500μm.

10. A novel waterproof wood surface coating structure facilitating cement demolding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating is prepared by the following steps: Step 1: Pre-treat the wood by sanding and drying; Step 2: Use a vacuum pressure impregnation device to impregnate the wood with low-viscosity reinforcing resin, and then cure it to form a wood-penetrating reinforcing layer; Step 3: Apply the main waterproof release layer slurry to the reinforcement layer by scraping or spraying, and cure it at 50-80℃; Step 4: Apply a superhydrophobic and wear-resistant surface layer slurry to the main layer by spraying, and then cure it with ultraviolet light or at room temperature.

Images