Floating type wind power plant common mooring system and optimization method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a floating type wind power plant shared mooring system and an optimization method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of floating type wind power. According to the floating type wind power plant shared mooring system, a plurality of floating type wind power platforms share one or more anchor points through a multi-line mooring system; each anchor point is connected with the wind power platform through at least three mooring lines to form a multi-line anchoring system, and meanwhile, the modes of multi-line anchoring layout optimization, dynamic anchoring force analysis, anchor point structure strengthening and the like are combined, so that the number reduction of the anchor points and layout optimization are realized, the construction cost of the wind power plant is remarkably reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. And the stability and the safety of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating wind power technology, specifically to a shared mooring system for floating wind farms and its optimization method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of floating wind power technology, reducing construction costs and improving system stability have become the focus of industry attention. Traditional single-line mooring systems suffer from problems such as a large number of anchor points and high installation costs, while shared mooring systems offer a new approach to solving these problems by reducing the number of anchor points and optimizing the mooring layout.

[0003] To address this, a shared mooring system for floating wind farms and its optimization method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art by providing a floating wind farm shared mooring system and its optimization method.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows: A shared mooring system for floating wind farms includes multiple floating wind turbine platforms and at least one anchor point. The multiple floating wind turbine platforms share the at least one anchor point through a multi-line mooring system. Each anchor point is connected to the floating wind turbine platform through at least three mooring lines to form a multi-line mooring system. The theoretical number of anchor points satisfies the following formula: ; Where: N A For the number of shared anchors; N T Let n be the total number of wind turbines in the floating wind farm. A / T n represents the number of mooring cables for each of the aforementioned floating wind turbine platforms. T / A The number of mooring cables connected to each anchor point.

[0006] The aforementioned floating wind farm uses a shared mooring system, wherein the multi-line mooring system includes a 3-line mooring system or a 6-line mooring system. In the 3-line mooring system, each anchor point connects to 3 floating wind power platforms, and in the 6-line mooring system, each anchor point connects to 6 floating wind power platforms.

[0007] The aforementioned floating wind farm shared mooring system, wherein the anchor point adopts a structural design with axisymmetric strength, the structural design is adapted to multi-directional loading conditions, the multi-directional loading conditions include the dynamic resultant force direction formed by the mooring line tension under different environments.

[0008] The aforementioned floating wind farm uses a shared mooring system, wherein the length, diameter, and pretension parameters of the mooring line are optimized according to the environmental conditions and system stability requirements of the wind farm, including wind speed, wave force, and ocean current force.

[0009] The aforementioned floating wind farm uses a shared mooring system. When a three-line mooring system is used, three floating wind turbine platforms are connected to the same anchor point at 120° intervals, which reduces the maximum anchor holding force at that anchor point by more than 32% compared to a traditional single-line mooring system.

[0010] The aforementioned floating wind farm shared mooring system includes an axisymmetric strength structure design comprising an anchor body and mooring line connectors evenly distributed around the periphery of the anchor body. The number of mooring line connectors is the same as the number of mooring cables connected to the anchor, and the included angle between adjacent mooring line connectors is equal.

[0011] This invention also provides an optimization method for a shared mooring system for floating wind farms, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on the number of wind turbines N in the floating wind farm T The number of mooring cables per wind turbine (n) A / T and the number n of mooring cables connected to each anchor point T / A Based on the formula Calculate the theoretical number N of shared anchors A ; S2: Based on the shared anchor theory, the number N A Optimize the mooring layout by selecting a 3-line or 6-line mooring system and allocating pretension to each mooring line. S3: Adjust mooring layout and pretension through dynamic mooring force analysis to ensure system stability.

[0012] The above-mentioned optimization method for a shared mooring system in a floating wind farm includes, in step S3, the dynamic mooring force analysis, which comprises: simulating mooring line tension under different environmental conditions, calculating the net mooring force of the multi-line mooring system, and evaluating the impact of the net mooring force on the stability of the anchor points; wherein the net mooring force is the dynamic resultant force at the anchor points, satisfying the formula: ; In the formula, F total F is the dynamic resultant force at the anchor point. i Let θ be the tension of the i-th mooring cable. i Let be the angle between the i-th mooring cable and the direction of the main load, and n be the number of mooring cables connected to the anchor point.

[0013] The aforementioned optimization method for a shared mooring system in a floating wind farm further includes, in step S3: real-time monitoring of the tension of each mooring cable and dynamic adjustment of the position of the floating wind power platform to ensure the dynamic resultant force F...total It is consistently below the anchor holding force design threshold.

[0014] The aforementioned optimization method for a shared mooring system in a floating wind farm includes a coordinated design step for the anchor chain angle: the angle α between the mooring cable and the seabed is limited to 30°≤α≤50°, where the horizontal and vertical components of the mooring cable satisfy: F 水平 =F·cosα,F 垂直 =F·sinα; where F is the tension of the mooring cable, F 水平 For the horizontal component, F 垂直 It is the vertical component of the force.

[0015] The above-mentioned optimization method for shared mooring systems in floating wind farms includes a redundancy design in the coordinated design of anchor chain angles: when a single mooring cable fails, the system maintains more than 80% load-bearing capacity by adjusting the included angle α of the mooring cables connected to adjacent floating wind power platforms.

[0016] The above-mentioned optimization method for a shared mooring system in a floating wind farm, wherein the optimization of pretension distribution in step S2 is based on dynamic load analysis results, the dynamic load analysis including: for each anchor point connecting 3-6 floating wind power platforms, using the formula... Calculate the dynamic resultant force formed by the tension of each mooring cable at the anchor point, and adjust the pretension distribution according to the dynamic resultant force.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Reduced construction costs: By sharing anchor points among multiple wind power platforms, the number of anchor points is reduced, thereby lowering the costs of anchor point positioning, installation, and maintenance.

[0018] 2. Improved stability and safety: The multi-line mooring system reduces the stress on a single anchor point by dispersing the mooring force, optimizes the mooring layout and pretension by dynamic mooring force analysis, adapts to multi-directional loading by axisymmetric strength anchor points, and enhances the system's fault tolerance by redundant design, all of which improve the system's stability and safety.

[0019] 3. Optimized layout and adaptability: The mooring layout and pretension distribution are optimized through graph theory and dynamic relaxation algorithms. Combined with the adjustable number of anchor points and mooring line layout, the system can flexibly adapt to the needs of wind farms of different sizes and achieve optimal performance.

[0020] 4. Improved economic efficiency: Considering the above effects, the system reduces costs while ensuring operational reliability, and has broad application prospects and significant economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the floating wind farm shared mooring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the floating wind farm shared mooring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the mooring and anchoring arrangement for a traditional 3×1 floating wind turbine; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mooring and anchoring arrangement of a 3×1 floating wind turbine with a shared anchor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the mooring and anchoring arrangement for a traditional 3×3 floating wind turbine; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mooring and anchoring arrangement of a 3×3 floating wind turbine with a shared anchor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the force distribution of a shared anchor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor point provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the anchor point provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor point provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Example See attached document Figure 1-10 This embodiment provides a shared mooring system for floating wind farms, including multiple floating wind power platforms and at least one anchor point. The multiple floating wind power platforms share at least one anchor point through a multi-line mooring system. Each anchor point is connected to a floating wind power platform via at least three mooring lines to form a multi-line mooring system. The theoretical number of anchor points satisfies the formula: ; Where: N A For the number of shared anchors; N T Let n be the total number of wind turbines in a floating wind farm. A / T n represents the number of mooring cables per floating wind turbine platform. T / A The number of mooring cables connected to each anchor point.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, and limiting the shared anchor points among multiple floating wind power platforms, with the theoretical number of anchor points calculated using a specific formula, the number of anchor points is rationally planned and minimized, thereby reducing anchor-related costs in wind farm construction. Simultaneously, the multi-line mooring connection method provides fundamental stability to the system. Specifically, in this embodiment, the multi-line mooring system includes a 3-line mooring system or a 6-line mooring system. In the 3-line mooring system, each anchor point connects to 3 floating wind turbine platforms, and in the 6-line mooring system, each anchor point connects to 6 floating wind turbine platforms.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the number of anchor points connected to the wind power platform in a 3-line or 6-line mooring system is clearly defined. The structural design of the mooring system is optimized through a standardized multi-line layout, which can further reduce the number of anchor points used and enhance the overall stress balance and stability of the system through a fixed number of connections.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anchor point adopts a structural design with axisymmetric strength. The structural design is adapted to multi-directional loading conditions, including the dynamic resultant force direction formed by the mooring line tension under different environments.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the anchor point adopts an axisymmetric strength structure design, which can adapt to multi-directional loading conditions (such as the dynamic resultant force direction formed by the mooring line tension under different environments), ensuring that the anchor point is not easily damaged under complex stress conditions, and enhancing the stability and safety of the system in extreme environments.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the length, diameter, and pretension parameters of the mooring line are optimized according to the environmental conditions of the wind farm and the system stability requirements. The environmental conditions include wind speed, wave force, and ocean current force.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the length, diameter and pretension of the mooring line are optimized according to environmental conditions, so that the mooring line can better adapt to the influence of environmental factors such as wind speed and wave force, and ensure the stable operation of the system in different environments.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, when a three-line mooring system is used, three floating wind power platforms are connected to the same anchor point at 120° intervals, which reduces the maximum anchor holding force of the anchor point by more than 32% compared to the traditional single-line mooring system.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the three wind power platforms are connected to the same anchor point at specific intervals. This can reduce the maximum anchor holding force required by the anchor point, alleviate the burden on the anchor point, and improve system stability by dispersing the stress on the anchor point through layout.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the structural design with axisymmetric strength includes an anchor body and mooring line connection parts evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the anchor body. The number of mooring line connection parts is the same as the number of mooring cables connected to the anchor, and the included angle between adjacent mooring line connection parts is equal.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the axisymmetric anchor points are connected by evenly distributed joints, which allows the force of each mooring line to be evenly transmitted to the anchor point body, ensuring that the anchor point is subjected to balanced force under multi-directional loading, thereby enhancing the structural stability and safety of the anchor point.

[0037] This embodiment also provides an optimization method for a shared mooring system for floating wind farms, including the following steps: S1: Based on the number of wind turbines N in the floating wind farm T The number of mooring cables per wind turbine (n) A / T and the number n of mooring cables connected to each anchor point T / A Based on the formula Calculate the theoretical number N of shared anchors A ; S2: Based on the shared anchor theory, the number N A Optimize the mooring layout by selecting a 3-line or 6-line mooring system and allocating pretension to each mooring line. S3: Adjust mooring layout and pretension through dynamic mooring force analysis to ensure system stability.

[0038] The optimization method using the above technical solution forms a systematic optimization process by calculating the theoretical number of anchor points, selecting a suitable mooring system, and combining dynamic analysis to adjust the layout and pretension. This process can minimize the number of anchor points while ensuring the stability and safety of the system through dynamic adjustments.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the dynamic mooring force analysis in step S3 includes: simulating mooring line tension under different environmental conditions, calculating the net mooring force of the multi-line mooring system, and evaluating the impact of the net mooring force on the stability of the anchor point; wherein, the net mooring force is the dynamic resultant force at the anchor point, satisfying the formula: ; In the formula, F total F is the dynamic resultant force at the anchor point. i Let θ be the tension of the i-th mooring cable. i Let be the angle between the i-th mooring cable and the direction of the main load, and n be the number of mooring cables connected to the anchor point.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the stress state of the anchor point can be accurately assessed by simulating the mooring line tension and calculating the dynamic resultant force, providing a basis for optimizing the mooring layout and pretensioning, thereby making the system more balanced in stress and improving the overall stability.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, step S3 further includes: real-time monitoring of the tension of each mooring cable, dynamically adjusting the position of the floating wind power platform, so that the dynamic resultant force F total It is consistently below the anchor holding force design threshold.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the dynamic resultant force at the anchor point can be controlled within a safe threshold through real-time monitoring of tension and dynamic adjustment of the wind power platform position. This prevents the anchor point from failing due to excessive force and ensures the safe operation of the anchor point and the entire system.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anchor chain angle coordination design step is also included: limiting the angle α between the mooring cable and the seabed to 30°≤α≤50°, wherein the horizontal and vertical components of the mooring cable respectively satisfy: F 水平 =F·cosα,F 垂直 =F·sinα; where F is the tension of the mooring cable, F 水平 For the horizontal component, F 垂直 It is the vertical component of the force.

[0044] By employing the above technical solution to limit the angle range between the mooring cable and the seabed, and by balancing the forces through the formulas for horizontal and vertical force components, sufficient horizontal anchoring force can be ensured to stabilize the wind power platform, while preventing the anchor point from being pulled up due to excessive vertical force, thus enhancing the structural stability of the system.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anchor chain angle collaborative design also includes a redundancy design: when a single mooring cable fails, the system maintains more than 80% load-bearing capacity by adjusting the included angle α of the mooring cables connected to adjacent floating wind power platforms.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the redundant design allows the cables of adjacent wind power platforms to compensate for the load by adjusting their angles when a single mooring cable fails, ensuring that the system can still maintain a high load-bearing capacity and improving the system's fault tolerance and operational reliability.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the optimization of pretension distribution in step S2 is based on the results of dynamic load analysis. The dynamic load analysis includes: for each anchor point connecting 3-6 floating wind power platforms, using the formula... Calculate the dynamic resultant force formed by the tension of each mooring cable at the anchor point, and adjust the pretension distribution according to the dynamic resultant force.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution and adjusting the pretension distribution based on dynamic resultant force calculation, the force on each mooring cable can be more balanced, avoiding excessive local tension, thereby optimizing the stress state of the system and improving stability.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, each anchor point includes an anchor pile 11, and three or six anchor ears 12 with anchor holes are fixedly installed on the side of each anchor pile 11. The anchor ears 12 are arranged in a circumferential angle around the central axis of the anchor pile 11. In order to avoid interference between the mooring lines connecting the anchor ears 12, the height of each anchor ear 12 on the same anchor pile 11 is different, and the center height of the anchor ear 12 on the same anchor pile 11 is between 0.25-0.4L below, with the optimum being 0.33L, where L is the height of the anchor pile 11.

[0050] To improve the connection strength between the anchor lug 12 and the anchor pile 11, a fan-shaped steel plate 15 is welded onto each anchor lug 12, and the fan-shaped steel plate 15 is cast inside the anchor pile 11.

[0051] In order to reduce the overall weight of the anchor pile 11, multiple weight-reducing holes 16 are reserved inside the anchor pile 11, for example, at least three. In order to avoid affecting the overall strength of the anchor pile 11, the position of the weight-reducing holes 16 is avoided from the position of the fan-shaped steel plate 15.

[0052] To further improve the overall strength of the anchor pile 11, two regular hexagonal reinforcing plates 13 and one annular reinforcing plate 17 are fixedly installed on the top of the anchor pile 11. The two regular hexagonal reinforcing plates 13 are located around the annular reinforcing plate 17 and are coaxially arranged with the annular reinforcing plate 17. Six reinforcing ribs 14 are welded to the outer surface of the annular reinforcing plate 17, which pass through the corners of the two regular hexagonal reinforcing plates 13 respectively. The reinforcing ribs 14 are welded to the junction of the two regular hexagonal reinforcing plates 13. The hexagonal reinforcing plates 13, the annular reinforcing plates 17 and the reinforcing ribs 14 are all made of stainless steel, and the surfaces of the anchor lug 12, the hexagonal reinforcing plates 13, the annular reinforcing plates 17 and the reinforcing ribs 14 are all provided with an anti-corrosion layer.

[0053] Taking anchor lug 12 as an example, the specific preparation method of its surface anti-corrosion layer includes the following steps: Step 1: Substrate Pretreatment 1.1 Degreasing and oil removal (removal of rolling oil and rust-preventive oil) Equipment: High-pressure spray tank (100L capacity), hot air drying oven.

[0054] Process parameters: Degreasing agent: 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + 2% sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) mixed aqueous solution, temperature controlled at 45±5℃; Procedure: Immerse the anchor ear completely in the degreasing tank, spray pressure 0.3MPa, for 18 minutes; Post-treatment: Rinse three times (2 min each time) with deionized water (conductivity ≤ 5 μS / cm), dry in a 65℃ hot air drying oven for 30 min, and then test with oil stain test paper to ensure that the surface oil residue is ≤ 3 mg / m³. 2 (The test strip did not change color).

[0055] 1.2 Sandblasting for rust removal (achieving Sa2.5 level cleanliness and roughness) Equipment: Pressure blasting tank (0.5m³) 3 ), compressed air dryer (dew point ≤ -40℃), surface roughness meter (accuracy ±0.1μm).

[0056] Process parameters: Abrasive material: Brown corundum abrasive (particle size 0.8-1.2mm, angular), dust content ≤0.5%, moisture content ≤0.1%; Compressed air: pressure 0.7±0.05MPa, oil content ≤0.1mg / m³ 3 (After three-stage filtration); Operation: The angle between the sandblasting gun and the anchor lug surface is 50°, the distance is 180mm, the moving speed is 400mm / min, and the sandblasting is done in 2 stages (first coarse sandblasting to remove oxide scale, then fine sandblasting to repair roughness). Quality requirements: After sandblasting, the surface shall be free of visible oxide scale, rust, and oil stains, with only a very small amount (≤5% area) of uniformly distributed dark spots allowed (meeting Sa2.5 grade, referring to GB / T8923.1-2019); surface roughness Ra50±5μm (tested at 6 points in the circumference of the anchor lug using a roughness tester, with the average value meeting the standard); the edge (R angle) of the anchor lug shall be ground to a radius ≥2mm (tested with a radius gauge).

[0057] 1.3 Surface activation (to prevent secondary oxidation) Within 30 minutes after sandblasting (to avoid air oxidation), blow away surface dust with oil-free compressed air (pressure 0.4MPa); For areas that do not meet the standards (such as the inside of the anchor bolt holes), use a handheld sandblasting gun to spray additional areas to ensure that there are no missed spots. Wipe bolt holes and other details with degreased cotton soaked in anhydrous ethanol to remove residual sand particles.

[0058] Step 2: Thermal spraying of aluminum coating (core protective layer, 180μm thick) 2.1 Preparations before spraying Material: Pure aluminum wire (99.7% purity, 1.6mm diameter, conforming to GB / T3198-2010 "Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Wires"); Equipment: Arc spraying machine (power 40kW, wire feed speed adjustable range 5-15m / min), coating thickness gauge (magnetic principle, accuracy ±1μm); Environmental control: Construction temperature 25℃, relative humidity 60% (if humidity > 85%, a hot air blower is required for dehumidification), wind speed ≤ 2m / s (a temporary windbreak should be erected).

[0059] 2.2 Arc Spraying Operation Parameter settings: Spraying voltage 32V, current 150A, wire feeding speed 10m / min; The spray gun moves at a speed of 350 mm / min, and the spraying trajectory is "spiral" (covering the circumference of the anchor lug), with adjacent spraying passes overlapping by 1 / 3 of the width. Thickness control: Spray in 3 coats (coat 1: 60μm, coat 2: 60μm, coat 3: 60μm). After each coat, cool to room temperature (to avoid overheating and deformation of the substrate; anchor ear surface temperature ≤80℃, detected with an infrared thermometer) before proceeding to the next coat. Quality inspection: After the coating is completed, a thickness gauge is used to check 10 points on the surface of the anchor lugs. The thickness range is 175-185μm (pass rate 100%). An initial adhesion test is performed using tape (3M 600 tape), and no coating peeling is found.

[0060] Step 3: Apply epoxy sealant (fill pores, 30μm thickness) 3.1 Coating Preparation Materials: Two-component epoxy sealing varnish (main agent: hardener = 5:1, by weight, solid content 65%, brand: Hembudsman 47580); Mixing process: At 25℃, slowly add the curing agent to the main agent and stir with an electric stirrer (800r / min) for 15min to ensure uniform color and no streaks; let stand for 5min to defoam (to avoid pinholes in the coating), and the pot life is ≤6h (25℃).

[0061] 3.2 Coating Operation Equipment: Air spray gun (nozzle diameter 1.5mm, pressure 0.35MPa), small brush (for touch-up coating inside bolt holes); Process parameters: Spraying distance 200mm, moving speed 250mm / min, sprayed in 1 pass; For recessed areas such as anchor bolt holes and welds, use a brush to manually apply the coating to ensure no areas are missed. Curing: Curing at room temperature (25℃) for 24 hours. After curing, the dry film thickness is measured with a thickness gauge and is 28-32μm (100% pass rate). When observed with a magnifying glass (10x), there are no pinholes or drips.

[0062] Step 4: Apply thick epoxy topcoat (weather barrier, 140μm thickness) 4.1 Coating Preparation Materials: Two-component thick epoxy topcoat (main agent: hardener = 4:1, by weight, solids content 82%, color: sea gray, conforms to IMOPSPC, brand: Jotun Penguard HB); Mixing process: Same as sealing paint, stir for 20 minutes (due to high solid content, stirring time needs to be extended), let stand for 10 minutes to defoam, pot life ≤ 4 hours (25℃).

[0063] 4.2 Coating Operation Equipment: High-pressure airless sprayer (pressure 15MPa, nozzle diameter 2.0mm); Process parameters: Two coats of spraying are applied (coat 70μm, coat 70μm), with an 8-hour interval between coats (at 25°C, judged by touch: the coat is ready when it feels non-sticky to the touch). The spraying trajectory is parallel to the anchor lug axis to avoid paint accumulation caused by vertical spraying. Curing: Curing at room temperature (25℃) for 7 days (or heating at 80℃ for 4 hours to accelerate curing), the surface hardness after curing is ≥2H (tested with a pencil hardness tester, 100g applied at a 45° angle, no scratches).

[0064] Step 5: Post-processing and quality inspection (full verification of protection effectiveness) 5.1 Appearance Inspection Visually inspect the surface of the anchor lugs; the coating is uniform, without any missed areas, runs, pinholes, or craters, and the color is consistent (sea gray with no obvious color difference). The inside of the bolt holes was inspected with an endoscope (5mm in diameter), and the coating was found to be intact and undamaged.

[0065] 5.2 Thickness Inspection The total dry film thickness was measured using a magnetic thickness gauge (accuracy ±1μm) at 20 points (uniformly distributed) along the circumference of the anchor lugs. The average value is 350 μm, the minimum value is 330 μm, and the maximum value is 370 μm, which meets the IMOPSPC requirements of "90% of the measuring points ≥ 320 μm and all measuring points ≥ 290 μm".

[0066] 5.3 Adhesion Test According to GB / T5210-2006 "Paints and Varnishes - Pull-off Adhesion Test", three test points were taken on the surface of the anchor lug using a pull-out tester (range 0-10MPa): Test results: The adhesion was 7.5MPa, 7.8MPa and 7.6MPa respectively, all ≥7MPa (requirement for thermal spray aluminum coating), and the failure mode was "cohesive failure of coating" (qualified; failure at the interface between substrate and coating would be unqualified).

[0067] 5.4 Porosity Testing For thermally sprayed aluminum coatings, the "penetration test method" is used: apply penetrant (red) to the coating surface, let it stand for 10 minutes, wipe it with cleaning agent, then apply developer (white), and observe after 5 minutes. If there are no red spots (porosity ≤ 0.5%, qualified).

[0068] 5.5 Preliminary test of salt spray resistance Cut test plates (100mm × 50mm) of Q345qC steel from the same batch, prepare coatings using the same process, and place them in a neutral salt spray chamber (5% NaCl solution, temperature 35℃, pH 6.5-7.2): After 1000 hours of continuous testing, the test plate surface showed no rust or coating peeling, with only slight loss of gloss within 2mm of the edge (meeting the requirements of GB / T10125-2021 "Artificial Atmosphere Corrosion Test Salt Spray Test", and the estimated actual service salt spray resistance life is ≥5000h).

[0069] III. Installation and Service Verification Installation requirements: After the anchor lug coating has cured, when assembling it with the anchor shaft, place an epoxy insulating gasket (2mm thick) on the contact surface to avoid direct metal-to-metal friction damaging the coating; the bolts are galvanized and tightened to a torque of 200 N·m (controlled with a torque wrench).

[0070] Service monitoring: Regular inspections every 6 months after installation, and on-site inspection results after 18 months: The coating surface is free from damage and rust, and there is no liquid accumulation or corrosion around the bolt holes; The surface potential of the anchor lug was detected using a reference electrode (copper-copper sulfate electrode) and was -0.95V (CSE), which is within the effective protection range of "-0.85~-1.1V". The electrochemical protection and physical barrier work together.

[0071] IV. Implementation Summary This method achieves long-term protection for marine steel anchor lugs in seawater splash zones through full-process control of "pretreatment-thermal spraying-sealing-topcoat". Key control points include: Sa2.5 cleanliness and roughness after sandblasting, uniformity of thermally sprayed aluminum thickness, curing time of epoxy coating, and comprehensive quality testing (especially adhesion and salt spray resistance). Ultimately, it meets the design protection life of more than 15 years and can be extended to the corrosion protection preparation of other steel structural components of ships (such as annular reinforcing ribs and reinforcing plates).

[0072] In summary, the floating wind farm shared mooring system and its optimization method provided in this embodiment have the following advantages: 1. Reduced construction costs: By sharing anchor points among multiple wind power platforms, the number of anchor points is reduced, thereby lowering the costs of anchor point positioning, installation, and maintenance.

[0073] 2. Improved stability and safety: The multi-line mooring system reduces the stress on a single anchor point by dispersing the mooring force, optimizes the mooring layout and pretension by dynamic mooring force analysis, adapts to multi-directional loading by axisymmetric strength anchor points, and enhances the system's fault tolerance by redundant design, all of which improve the system's stability and safety.

[0074] 3. Optimized layout and adaptability: The mooring layout and pretension distribution are optimized through graph theory and dynamic relaxation algorithms. Combined with the adjustable number of anchor points and mooring line layout, the system can flexibly adapt to the needs of wind farms of different sizes and achieve optimal performance.

[0075] 4. Improved economic efficiency: Considering the above effects, the system reduces costs while ensuring operational reliability, and has broad application prospects and significant economic benefits.

[0076] Working principle 1. Shared mooring system design: Multiple floating wind turbines share one or more anchor points through a multi-line mooring system. Each anchor point is connected to the wind turbine through at least three mooring lines, forming a multi-line mooring system (such as a 3-line or 6-line mooring system) to achieve efficient reuse of anchor points; 2. Anchor point quantity planning: based on formula Calculate the number of shared anchor theories, where N A For the number of shared anchors; N T Let n be the total number of wind turbines in the floating wind farm. A / T n represents the number of mooring cables for each of the aforementioned floating wind turbine platforms. T / A The number of mooring cables connected to each anchor point is determined to achieve a reasonable plan and minimize the number of anchor points. 3. Dynamic mooring force analysis: This is achieved through formulas... (θ) i Calculate the dynamic resultant force at the anchor point (the angle between the cable and the main load direction), and adjust the fan position in conjunction with real-time monitoring to ensure that the resultant force is lower than the anchor holding force threshold, thus ensuring system stability; 4. Anchor chain angle coordination design: The angle α between the mooring cable and the seabed is limited to 30°≤α≤50°, achieved through F... 水平 =F·cosα and F 垂直 =F·sinα balances the horizontal and vertical components of the force, ensuring both horizontal anchor holding force and preventing the anchor point from being pulled up vertically. 5. Redundancy design: When a single mooring cable fails, the cables of adjacent wind turbines automatically compensate for the load by adjusting their angles, maintaining the system's load-bearing capacity and improving fault tolerance.

[0077] How to use 1. System Construction: First, determine the scale and layout of the wind farm, and select a 3-line or 6-line mooring system layout according to the requirements.

[0078] 2. Mooring line installation: Install at least three mooring lines at each anchor point and connect them to the wind power platform. Optimize the length, diameter, and pretension parameters of the mooring lines according to environmental conditions and system requirements.

[0079] 3. Anchor point structure design: An anchor point structure with axisymmetric strength is adopted to adapt to multi-directional loading conditions. The specific structure can be customized according to the actual situation.

[0080] 4. Dynamic mooring force analysis: Simulation software is used to simulate mooring line tension under different environmental conditions, calculate net mooring force and evaluate its impact on anchor point stability, and adjust mooring layout and pretension based on the results.

[0081] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating wind farm common mooring system, characterized in that, The system comprises a plurality of floating wind platforms and at least one anchor point, the plurality of floating wind platforms share the at least one anchor point through a multi-line mooring system, each of the anchor points is connected with the floating wind platforms through at least three mooring lines to form a multi-line mooring system; wherein the theoretical number of the anchor points satisfies the formula: ； wherein: N A is the number of shared anchors; N T is the total number of wind turbines of the floating wind farm, n A / T is the number of mooring lines per floating wind platform, n T / A is the number of mooring lines per anchor point connection.

2. A floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-line mooring system comprises a 3-line mooring system or a 6-line mooring system, in the 3-line mooring system, each anchor point is connected with three floating wind platforms, and in the 6-line mooring system, each anchor point is connected with six floating wind platforms.

3. A floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor point adopts a structural design with axial symmetry strength, the structural design is adapted to a multi-directional loading condition, and the multi-directional loading condition comprises a dynamic resultant force direction formed by mooring line tension in different environments.

4. A floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length, diameter and pre-tension parameters of the mooring line are optimized according to environmental conditions of the wind farm and system stability requirements, and the environmental conditions comprise wind speed, wave force and current force.

5. A floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 2, characterised in that, When the 3-line mooring system is adopted, three floating wind platforms are connected to the same anchor point at an interval of 120°.

6. A floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 3, characterised in that, The structural design with axial symmetry strength comprises an anchor point body and mooring line connecting parts uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the anchor point body, the number of the mooring line connecting parts is consistent with the number of mooring cables connected with the anchor point, and the included angles between adjacent mooring line connecting parts are equal.

7. A method of optimizing a floating wind farm common mooring system according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: Number of wind turbines N of a floating wind farm T , number of mooring lines n per wind turbine A / T and number of mooring lines n connected per anchor point T / A , based on the formula calculate the theoretical number of shared anchors N A ; S2: According to the common anchor theory quantity N A Optimize the mooring layout, select a 3-line mooring system or a 6-line mooring system, and assign the pretension of each mooring line; S3: adjusting the mooring layout and pre-tension through dynamic anchor mooring force analysis to ensure system stability.

8. The method of optimizing a floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 6, wherein, In step S3, the dynamic anchor mooring force analysis comprises: simulating mooring line tension under different environmental conditions, calculating net anchor mooring force of the multi-line mooring system, and evaluating the influence of the net anchor mooring force on the stability of the anchor point; wherein the net anchor mooring force is a dynamic resultant force at the anchor point, and satisfies the formula: ； where F total is the dynamic resultant force at the anchor point, F i is the tension of the i-th mooring line, θ i is the angle of the i-th mooring line with the main load direction, and n is the number of mooring lines connected to the anchor point.

9. A method of optimizing a floating wind farm common mooring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S3 further comprises monitoring the tension of each mooring line in real time, dynamically adjusting the position of the floating wind power platform so that the dynamic resultant force F total is always below the anchor grip force design threshold.

10. A method of optimizing a shared anchoring system for a floating wind farm according to claim 9, characterized in that, The anchor chain angle cooperative design step also includes: limiting the included angle a between the mooring cable and the seabed to satisfy 30°≤a≤50°, wherein the horizontal component force and the vertical component force of the mooring cable satisfy: 水平 =F·cosα, F 垂直 =F·sinα; in the formula, F is the tension of the mooring cable, F 水平 is the horizontal component force, and F 垂直 is the vertical component force. The optimization of the pre-tension distribution in step S2 is based on the results of a dynamic load analysis, which comprises, for each anchor point of the 3-6 floating wind power platforms connected, calculating the dynamic resultant force of the mooring line tensions at the anchor point by the formula and adjusting the pre-tension distribution in accordance with the dynamic resultant force.

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