SiC / PVC composite film as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a SiC / PVC composite film as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of functional composite material application. The preparation method at least comprises the following steps: S1, preparing CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane); s2, carrying out surface modification treatment on the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles so as to enhance the dispersity and interface bonding force of the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles in PDMS; and S3, adding the modified CoFe2O4 nanoparticles into PDMS according to a specific ratio, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion and mechanical stirring to realize uniform dispersion. Non-contact excitation is achieved through permanent magnet driving, and mechanical abrasion is eliminated; the charge density and the dielectric property of the PVC friction layer are enhanced through the SiC nano-particles, and the triboelectric property is improved; the friction structure and the electrode distance are optimized, and the energy collecting capacity at the low wind speed is improved; a composite structure is constructed to inhibit charge leakage and enhance system stability; and a system which is easy to integrate and manufacture on a large scale is provided and is suitable for flexible electronics, self-energized sensors and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional composite material application technology, specifically to a SiC / PVC composite film, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the Internet of Things and distributed micro-sensing technology, the harvesting and conversion of environmental micro-energy is crucial. However, traditional rotary triboelectric nanogenerators generally rely on pure PVC material as the friction layer, which suffers from insufficient triboelectric performance, low efficiency, and easy wear. In particular, they cannot effectively output energy at low wind speeds, severely limiting their performance and stability in practical applications, as detailed below: 1. Mechanical contact parts are prone to wear, resulting in a short equipment lifespan. Traditional rotary triboelectric nanogenerators typically rely on mechanical contact parts such as gears or bearings to achieve motion. These parts are prone to wear during long-term use, affecting the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0003] 2. Low charge density in the triboelectric layer leads to insufficient energy conversion efficiency. Traditional designs commonly use pure PVC material as the triboelectric layer, but its triboelectric properties are limited, failing to generate a sufficiently high charge density, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency.

[0004] 3. Poor output performance at low wind speeds. In real-world applications, wind speeds are often variable and light breezes are common. Traditional designs struggle to effectively output energy under low wind speed conditions, severely limiting their practical applications.

[0005] 4. Charge leakage and interface fatigue issues exist during high-frequency operation. Under prolonged high-frequency operation, traditional designs are prone to charge leakage, and the interface material will also experience fatigue due to repeated friction, affecting the long-term stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0006] These problems mainly stem from the limitations of traditional designs in terms of material selection, structural design, and drive methods, which fail to meet the practical application requirements of high efficiency, stability, and long lifespan.

[0007] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a SiC / PVC composite film, its preparation method, and its application, thereby solving the technical bottlenecks of existing rotary triboelectric nanogenerators, including easy wear and short lifespan of mechanical contact components; low charge density and insufficient energy conversion efficiency of the triboelectric layer; poor output performance at low wind speeds; and charge leakage and interface fatigue problems during high-frequency operation.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film, comprising at least the following steps: S1: Prepare SiC (silicon carbide) nanoparticles and PVC resin (polyvinyl chloride resin). S2: First, SiC nanoparticles are dispersed in a cyclohexanone solution, and ultrasonic treatment is used to ensure uniform dispersion of the particles; S3: Add PVC resin and stir at 60°C for 60 minutes to form a uniform suspension; S4: The suspension is uniformly coated onto the plasma-cleaned glass substrate using a spin coating process. The spin coating speed is set to 3000 rpm and the spin coating time is 30 seconds, allowing for evaporation. S5: After the solvent evaporates, a film is obtained. The film is dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 12 hours and then hot-pressed to finally obtain a SiC / PVC composite film.

[0010] Furthermore, the ultrasonic treatment in S2 has a power of 300W and a duration of 30 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the molecular weight of the PVC resin is 8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 .

[0012] Furthermore, the hot pressing treatment is performed at 80°C and a pressure of 5 MPa for 5 minutes.

[0013] A SiC / PVC composite film is obtained by processing using the above-mentioned method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film, and the thickness of the formed SiC / PVC composite film is 50~80μm.

[0014] An application of a SiC / PVC composite film is disclosed, which is used in a triboelectric nanogenerator to improve the performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator by combining the SiC / PVC composite film with a rotating magnetic field drive system.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating magnetic field drive system uses a permanent magnet to generate an alternating magnetic field, which drives the oscillator arm to perform vertical contact-separation motion.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention utilizes permanent magnets to achieve non-contact excitation, eliminating mechanical wear; enhances the charge density and dielectric properties of the PVC friction layer through SiC nanoparticles, improving triboelectric performance; optimizes the friction structure and electrode spacing to improve energy harvesting capabilities at low wind speeds; constructs a composite structure to suppress charge leakage and enhance system stability; and provides a system that is easy to integrate and scale up, suitable for applications such as flexible electronics and self-powered sensors.

[0017] The rotating magnetic field of this invention mainly converts wind power into triboelectric energy. Through a non-contact excitation method, it further improves the energy conversion efficiency and effectively avoids the wear problems caused by traditional mechanical contact, thereby enhancing the long-term stability of the system.

[0018] This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional TENGs in terms of efficiency and stability through structural innovation and material composites, providing efficient conversion for micro-energy sources such as wind power and reliable power for low-power devices such as the Internet of Things. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a comparative schematic diagram of the output voltage of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparative schematic diagram illustrating the suppression of charge leakage by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a stability test diagram of the SiC / PVC composite film of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the experimental apparatus for testing the performance of a rotating magnetic field-driven triboelectric nanogenerator according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the vibration device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Example

[0022] A method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film includes at least the following steps: S1: Prepare SiC (silicon carbide) nanoparticles and PVC resin (polyvinyl chloride resin). S2: First, SiC nanoparticles are dispersed in a cyclohexanone solution, and ultrasonic treatment is used to ensure uniform dispersion of the particles; S3: Add PVC resin and stir at 60°C for 60 minutes to form a uniform suspension; S4: The suspension is uniformly coated onto the plasma-cleaned glass substrate using a spin coating process. The spin coating speed is set to 3000 rpm and the spin coating time is 30 seconds, allowing for evaporation. S5: After the solvent evaporates, a film is obtained. The film is dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 12 hours and then hot-pressed to finally obtain a SiC / PVC composite film.

[0023] The ultrasonic treatment in S2 has a power of 300W and a duration of 30 minutes.

[0024] The molecular weight of PVC resin is 8×10 4 .

[0025] The hot-pressing treatment is carried out at 80°C and 5MPa pressure for 5 minutes. Example

[0026] A SiC / PVC composite film is obtained by processing using the SiC / PVC composite film preparation method disclosed in Example 1 above, and the thickness of the formed SiC / PVC composite film is 50~80μm. Example

[0027] An application of a SiC / PVC composite film is described in Example 2, which is used in a triboelectric nanogenerator. The performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator is improved by using the SiC / PVC composite film and a rotating magnetic field drive system.

[0028] The rotating magnetic field drive system uses permanent magnets to generate an alternating magnetic field, which drives the oscillator arm in a vertical contact-separation motion. This method avoids the physical contact and wear common in traditional triboelectric generators, significantly improving mechanical stability and lifespan. The rotating magnetic field primarily converts wind power into triboelectric energy. Through non-contact excitation of the magnetic field, the system can efficiently extract energy from wind power and convert it into triboelectric energy, while avoiding the wear problems caused by traditional mechanical contact, further improving the system's stability and long-term service life.

[0029] See Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the overall layout of the experimental setup for testing the performance of a rotating magnetic field-driven triboelectric nanogenerator according to this invention. The system consists of six key components, covering driving, signal acquisition, and data processing functions, as detailed below: The top left corner houses the speed sensor, which monitors the rotational speed of the T-shaped rotating magnetic field device in real time and transmits the signal to the data acquisition system as a reference for its operating status. Below it, a DC power supply provides a constant voltage to the system, ensuring the stable operation of the rotating magnetic field.

[0030] The central T-shaped rotating magnetic field mechanism serves as the core driving unit. The internal permanent magnets generate a periodically changing magnetic field during rotation, driving the triboelectric nanogenerator unit below. A vibration device is installed below this to simulate the micro-vibration environment generated by natural wind or external disturbances, in order to study the impact of the coupling between magnetic field excitation and external vibration on output performance.

[0031] A data acquisition unit is located on the right side, responsible for receiving multiple sensor signals such as voltage, current, vibration, and rotational speed, and transmitting them to the data processing and display terminal in real time. The terminal can simultaneously display periodic signal waveforms and data lists for subsequent performance analysis and operational status evaluation.

[0032] See Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the vibration device of the present invention and its working principle. The upper part of the figure is a handheld view of the actual device, and the lower part of the schematic diagram is a cross-sectional view of the vibration device.

[0033] The outer shell (sponge) of the device is shown in yellow and primarily serves a protective and supportive function. Inside the shell is a PVC / SiC composite film (gray portion), which possesses high triboelectric properties and is one of the core components of this invention, responsible for capturing external vibrations and converting them into electrical energy. The copper clamps (yellow portion) of the vibration device are in close contact with the film, serving as electrode connections and facilitating current conduction.

[0034] When in operation, the device uses vibration input to induce minute deformations in the composite thin film, generating electrical charges through triboelectric effect. These charges are then output as current via copper clamps and electrodes. In this way, the vibration device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, supporting subsequent data acquisition and energy storage. Furthermore, the red circle in the image illustrates a handheld illustration, demonstrating the practical application and operation of the vibration device.

[0035] In summary: Compared to traditional rotary triboelectric nanogenerators, this invention exhibits significant technical advantages and practical application effectiveness in several key aspects. Firstly, by introducing a rotating magnetic field drive mechanism, the device no longer relies on mechanical contact components such as gears or bearings, completely solving problems such as short service life and unstable operation caused by physical wear, and achieving long-cycle, low-loss continuous operation. This non-contact excitation method not only reduces maintenance requirements but also improves the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0036] Secondly, this invention utilizes SiC nanoparticles and PVC materials to construct a composite triboelectric layer, effectively improving the charge density and dielectric properties of the triboelectric layer while ensuring flexibility and processability. This composite structure maintains strong charge retention under high-frequency triboelectric conditions, effectively reducing energy loss and enhancing the system's output stability and durability. Compared to traditional TENGs using pure PVC or other polymers, this invention achieves a significant increase in output voltage (see [reference]). Figure 1 ).

[0037] Furthermore, considering the variable wind speeds and frequent light breezes in real-world environments, this invention specifically optimizes the friction structure and electrode spacing, enabling the entire system to operate stably even at low wind speeds of 1-2 m / s, achieving efficient energy harvesting. This design overcomes the bottleneck of traditional TENGs where output performance significantly decreases at low wind speeds, greatly expanding the applicable scenarios for the device.

[0038] Furthermore, the multi-interface composite structure proposed in this invention has significant effectiveness in suppressing charge leakage (see [reference]). Figure 2 This significantly improves the system's reliability during high-frequency, long-term operation, further ensuring consistent performance in outdoor or continuous wind energy environments. The modular and scalable design also facilitates large-scale application and customized deployment, enabling flexible integration into various applications such as the Internet of Things, flexible electronics, and intelligent sensing systems.

[0039] See Figure 3 Through stability testing of the SiC / PVC composite film, experimental results show that the composite film maintains its high energy harvesting capacity even after 5000 cycles. Despite prolonged mechanical friction and charge accumulation, the electrical output performance of the composite film did not show significant degradation, demonstrating its stability under repeated use. This result indicates that the SiC / PVC composite film not only possesses excellent durability but also strong long-term adaptability, making it suitable for long-term stable operation in energy harvesting applications. Especially in the field of triboelectric energy conversion, it ensures that equipment maintains a high electrical output even after multiple uses, thereby improving the feasibility and reliability of this material in practical applications. Furthermore, the stability of the composite film means that it can reduce maintenance costs and decrease equipment replacement frequency, further improving the overall efficiency and economy of the system.

[0040] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film, characterized in that: At least the following steps are included: S1: Prepare SiC nanoparticles and PVC resin; S2: First, SiC nanoparticles are dispersed in a cyclohexanone solution, and ultrasonic treatment is used to ensure uniform dispersion of the particles; S3: Add PVC resin and stir at 60°C for 60 minutes to form a uniform suspension; S4: The suspension is uniformly coated onto the plasma-cleaned glass substrate using a spin coating process. The spin coating speed is set to 3000 rpm and the spin coating time is 30 seconds, allowing for evaporation. S5: After the solvent evaporates, a film is obtained. The film is dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 12 hours and then hot-pressed to finally obtain a SiC / PVC composite film.

2. The method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic treatment in S2 has a power of 300W and a duration of 30 minutes.

3. The method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the PVC resin is 8 × 10⁻⁶. 4 .

4. The method for preparing a SiC / PVC composite film according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hot pressing treatment is performed at 80°C and a pressure of 5 MPa for 5 minutes.

5. A SiC / PVC composite film, characterized in that: The SiC / PVC composite film is obtained by processing using the preparation method of the SiC / PVC composite film described in claims 1-5 above, and the thickness of the formed SiC / PVC composite film is 50~80μm.

6. An application of a SiC / PVC composite film, characterized in that: The SiC / PVC composite film described in claim 5 is applied to a triboelectric nanogenerator, thereby improving the performance of the triboelectric nanogenerator through the SiC / PVC composite film and the rotating magnetic field drive system.

7. The application of the SiC / PVC composite film according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating magnetic field drive system uses a permanent magnet to generate an alternating magnetic field, which drives the oscillator arm to perform vertical contact-separation motion.

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