A nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgical technology, specifically to a nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste. The device includes a leaching body comprising a leaching tank, a leaching cover, a drive motor, a stirring rod, and a stirring tank. The leaching cover is sealed to the top of the leaching tank, and the bottom of the leaching tank is conical. The drive motor is located on top of the leaching cover, and the stirring rod and stirring tank are both installed at the bottom of the leaching cover. During feeding, the invention achieves segmented material transfer through alternating opening and closing of electric front and rear gates. The exhaust chamber is under constant negative pressure, and the first exhaust plate disperses the airflow to flush away residual waste gas, ensuring the exhaust chamber remains in a clean negative pressure state. This completely cuts off the waste gas passage between the leaching tank and the inlet pipe. During discharge, the liquid storage seat provides gas replenishment and pre-extraction, while the second exhaust plate forms a horizontal airflow layer covering the liquid surface, accelerating the escape and collection of waste gas for extraction. This prevents the leaching liquid from carrying waste gas and leaking during discharge, thus improving the overall sealing performance of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgical technology, specifically to a nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of electrolytic refining and pyrometallurgical smelting, the copper smelting industry generates a large amount of waste such as copper slag, anode mud, and copper residue. This type of waste not only occupies land resources when piled up, but the heavy metals such as nickel and copper it contains may also pollute water bodies and soil through rainwater leaching and soil infiltration, threatening ecological environment safety and human health. Leaching is necessary to recover nickel metal and alleviate the problem of nickel resource shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste to efficiently separate and recover nickel metal from copper smelting waste.

[0003] The general workflow of existing leaching equipment is as follows: pretreated copper smelting waste is sent into the leaching tank, leaching agents such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are added, solid-liquid mixing is achieved through mechanical stirring, the reaction temperature and pH value are adjusted, and oxidants such as oxygen or hydrogen peroxide are introduced to convert nickel elements from solid compounds into soluble ions that enter the solution. Finally, solid-liquid separation is completed through equipment such as thickeners and filters to obtain nickel-containing leachate.

[0004] However, existing leaching equipment, such as the "Leaching Tank Stirring Device" disclosed in Chinese Patent CN220878533U, achieves sealing by setting a threaded connection between the leaching tank body and the top cover, and collects harmful gases such as SO2 and acid mist generated during the stirring stage using exhaust pipes, exhaust fans, and other gas collection components. While this achieves the collection of harmful gases, existing leaching tank stirring devices still have significant limitations in practical industrial applications: Firstly, the sealing design only covers the stirring reaction stage, neglecting the risk of harmful gas leakage during material transportation. Specifically, when the equipment adds pretreated copper smelting waste into the leaching tank through the feed pipe and discharges the leaching liquid through the discharge pipe, the valve on the feed pipe needs to be opened. With valve two on the discharge pipe, the leaching tank is directly connected to the outside. The residual SO2 and acid mist in the tank will overflow directly through the pipe opening. These gases will not only corrode the on-site pipelines and equipment components, shortening the service life of the equipment, but also cause problems. Secondly, the feed pipe is usually located on the right side of the leaching tank. When the material is added from the feed pipe, it will drive the gas in the tank to diffuse to the right. However, the negative pressure of the single-sided air extraction is only concentrated near the exhaust pipe on the left side. The negative pressure intensity in the right side area is drastically reduced because it is far from the air extraction point. It cannot effectively adsorb the SO2, acid mist and other harmful gases that diffuse to this area, and it is also impossible to extract the exhaust gas in time during the stirring reaction stage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste. The structural design of this nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste can effectively solve the problems of valve opening during feeding and discharging causing the leaching tank to be directly connected to the outside, resulting in the easy leakage of harmful gases that corrode the equipment and harm the environment, as well as the problems of using single-sided air extraction, creating a blind zone in the negative pressure, failing to effectively adsorb diffused waste gas far from the air extraction point, and making it difficult to achieve timely collection of waste gas during the stirring reaction stage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste, comprising a leaching body, the leaching body including a leaching tank, a leaching cover, a drive motor, a stirring rod, and a stirring tank, the leaching cover sealingly covering the top of the leaching tank, the bottom of the leaching tank being conical, the drive motor being disposed on the top of the leaching cover, the stirring rod and the stirring tank being both installed at the bottom of the leaching cover, and the stirring rod being drivenly connected to the drive motor to achieve rotational stirring, the top of the leaching cover being provided with an inlet pipe, and the bottom of the leaching tank being provided with an outlet pipe;

[0007] The first and second air extraction components are respectively installed on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. They are used to block the direct connection between the inside of the leaching tank and the outside during the feeding process in the inlet pipe and the draining process in the outlet pipe, and to promptly extract the waste gas overflowing during material conveying or draining.

[0008] An annular exhaust assembly, located on the side of the leaching cover facing the inside of the leaching tank, is used to collect all the waste gas generated inside the leaching tank during the stirring reaction and discharge it to an external waste gas collection system.

[0009] Preferably, the first air extraction component includes:

[0010] The first sealing box has a downward opening structure. The first sealing box is installed at the bottom of the inlet pipe, and the bottom of the first sealing box is installed on the leaching cap.

[0011] An electric front brake is installed in the upper part of the first sealed box;

[0012] An electric rear gate is installed in the lower middle part of the first sealing box. The top area of ​​the first sealing box is a storage chamber, and the bottom area of ​​the first sealing box is an exhaust chamber.

[0013] An air pump is located on one side of the leaching tank;

[0014] An exhaust pipe is installed at the outlet end of the air pump and is connected to an external exhaust gas collection system.

[0015] There are two first suction pipes, which are connected to the inlet end of the suction pump. The other ends of the two first suction pipes are respectively connected to the exhaust chamber of the first sealed box and the top of the waste gas pipe.

[0016] A liquid storage base, which is installed at the bottom of the leaching tank;

[0017] The second air extraction component includes:

[0018] The second sealing box is installed at the bottom of the front end of the liquid storage seat, and the rear end of the outlet pipe is installed at the front of the second sealing box;

[0019] An electric control gate is installed on the second sealed box.

[0020] Preferably, an air pump is installed at the rear end of the leaching tank, and an air supply seat is installed at the outlet end of the air pump through a pipe. The air supply seat has three air outlets, and a solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air outlets is installed on the air supply seat. Two of the air outlets are respectively equipped with a first air outlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe. The other end of the first air outlet pipe is connected to the exhaust chamber of the first sealing box, and the other end of the second air outlet pipe is connected to the top of the liquid storage seat.

[0021] Preferably, the first sealing box is equipped with a vertical first vent plate on the lower side wall of the exhaust chamber and near the end of the first vent pipe, and a plurality of horizontal second vent plates are installed on the top of the liquid storage seat and near the end of the second vent pipe.

[0022] Preferably, the annular exhaust assembly includes:

[0023] A hollow disc is fixedly installed on the outer middle part of the leaching tank;

[0024] The second suction pipe has one end fixedly installed below the cavity plate, and the other end connected to the inlet of the suction pump.

[0025] There are several air distribution tubes, and one of their lower ends is connected to the cavity plate.

[0026] The first gas delivery plate is fixedly installed on the top of the leaching tank, and the other end of the gas distribution pipe is connected to the first gas delivery plate;

[0027] There are several air outlet seats, which are fixedly installed inside the first air delivery plate. The air outlet seats have air inlets inside, and the air inlets are connected to the air distribution pipe.

[0028] Preferably, the interior of the leaching tank is equipped with a first guide plate arranged in a ring array. The first guide plate is spiral-shaped, and the top of each group of first guide plates corresponds to the air outlet seat.

[0029] Preferably, a fixed cover is installed on the top wall of the leaching cap, and two drive wheels are rotatably connected inside the fixed cover. A conveyor belt is rotatably connected to the outer side of the two drive wheels. One drive wheel is fixedly installed on the top of the stirring rod, and the other drive wheel rotates through the bottom of the leaching cap via a rotating shaft and is equipped with an external gear. An internal gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the leaching cap. The external gear and the internal gear are meshed. The top of the stirring tank is installed below the internal gear.

[0030] Preferably, a second guide plate is installed on the outside of the mixing tank, and the second guide plate is spiral-shaped.

[0031] Preferably, a plurality of air inlets are installed below the leaching cap and above the mixing tank, and a second air delivery plate is installed on the top of the leaching cap. The plurality of air inlets and the second air delivery plate are connected together, and the top of the second air delivery plate is connected to another air outlet of the air delivery plate through a pipe.

[0032] Preferably, the bottom wall of the leaching cap is provided with a guide groove, and the top of the guide groove is flush with the air outlet seat.

[0033] Compared with existing technologies, the nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0034] This invention achieves segmented material transfer during feeding by alternating opening and closing of electric front and rear gates. The exhaust chamber is under negative pressure throughout the process, and the first exhaust plate disperses the airflow to flush away residual waste gas, keeping the exhaust chamber in a clean negative pressure state at all times. This completely cuts off the waste gas passage between the leaching tank and the inlet pipe. During liquid discharge, the liquid storage seat replenishes gas and disturbs the liquid, and the second exhaust plate forms a horizontal airflow layer covering the liquid surface, accelerating the escape of waste gas and collecting and discharging it. This prevents the leaching liquid from carrying waste gas and leaking with the liquid discharge, thus improving the overall sealing performance of the equipment.

[0035] This invention utilizes the second guide plate on the outside of the mixing tank and the first guide plate inside the tank to transform intermittent static waste gas into spiral upward airflow, which is then directed into the outlet seat. The first gas delivery plate and the annularly distributed outlet seats form a full-area negative pressure collection network. Combined with the guide groove of the leaching cover, it accurately collects the waste gas on the cover surface, eliminates blind spots at the top corners, solves the problem of negative pressure attenuation on one side of the existing equipment, and improves the waste gas capture rate in each area of ​​the tank. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a structural view of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is another angle view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first sealing box of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the leaching tank of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic view of the inner cavity of the fixing cover of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic view of the leaching cap of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part B in the image;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic view of the second guide plate of the present invention.

[0045] The diagram shows: 1. Leaching tank; 11. Leaching cap; 110. Guide tank; 12. Drive motor; 13. Stirring rod; 14. Stirring tank; 15. Inlet pipe; 16. Outlet pipe; 2. Vacuum assembly; 20. Second vacuum assembly; 21. First sealing box; 22. Electric front gate; 23. Electric rear gate; 24. Vacuum pump; 25. Exhaust pipe; 26. First vacuum pipe; 27. Liquid storage base; 28. Second sealing box; 29. ​​Electric control gate; 211. Inlet pump; 212. Gas delivery. 213. First exhaust pipe; 214. Second exhaust pipe; 221. First exhaust plate; 222. Second exhaust plate; 3. Annular exhaust assembly; 31. Cavity plate; 32. Second suction pipe; 33. Air distribution pipe; 34. First air delivery plate; 35. Exhaust seat; 36. First guide plate; 311. Fixed cover; 312. Transmission wheel; 313. Conveyor belt; 314. External gear; 315. Internal gear; 316. Second guide plate; 321. Inlet seat; 322. Second air delivery plate. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 4This invention provides a technical solution: a nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste includes: a leaching body, which includes a leaching tank 1, a leaching cover 11, a drive motor 12, a stirring rod 13, and a stirring tank 14. The leaching cover 11 is sealed to the top of the leaching tank 1. The bottom of the leaching tank 1 is conical, and the bottom of the conical shape has a drain valve. The drive motor 12 is located on the top of the leaching cover 11. The stirring rod 13 and the stirring tank 14 are both installed at the bottom of the leaching cover 11, and the stirring rod 13 is connected to the drive motor 12 for rotational stirring. The top of the leaching cover 11 is provided with an inlet pipe 15, and the bottom of the leaching tank 1 is provided with an outlet pipe. 16; The first suction assembly 2 and the second suction assembly 20 are respectively installed on the inlet pipe 15 and the outlet pipe 16, and are used to block the direct communication between the inside of the leaching tank 1 and the outside during the feeding process of the inlet pipe 15 and the discharge process of the outlet pipe 16, and to promptly extract the waste gas overflowing during material conveying or discharge; the first suction assembly 2 includes: a first sealing box 21, which has a downward opening structure, the first sealing box 21 is installed at the bottom of the inlet pipe 15, and the bottom of the first sealing box 21 is installed on the leaching cover 11; an electric front gate 22, which is installed in the upper part of the first sealing box 21; and an electric rear gate 23, which is installed in the first sealing box 21. In the lower middle section, the top area of ​​the first sealed box 21 is a storage chamber, and the bottom area is an exhaust chamber. The first sealed box 21 forms a three-level isolation space through an electric front gate 22 and an electric rear gate 23. The electric front gate 22 is located in the upper middle part of the first sealed box 21, dividing the first sealed box 21 into a storage chamber (material temporary storage area) at the top and an exhaust chamber in the middle. The electric rear gate 23 is located in the lower middle part of the first sealed box 21, isolating the exhaust chamber from the interior of the leaching tank 1. The two gates work together to realize a sealed conveying path for storage, transfer, and entry into the mixing tank 14. A vacuum pump 24 is located on one side of the leaching tank 1. An exhaust pipe 25 is also present. The exhaust pipe 25 is connected to an external exhaust gas collection system; there are two first exhaust pipes 26, which are connected to the inlet end of the exhaust pump 24, and the other ends of the two first exhaust pipes 26 are respectively connected to the exhaust chamber of the first sealing box 21 and the top of the exhaust pipe 25; the liquid storage seat 27 is installed at the bottom of the leaching tank 1, and the second exhaust assembly 20 includes a second sealing box 28; the second sealing box 28 is installed at the front bottom of the liquid storage seat 27, and the rear end of the outlet pipe 16 is installed at the front of the second sealing box 28; the electric control gate 29 is installed on the second sealing box 28.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the initial state, both the electric front gate 22 and the electric rear gate 23 in the first extraction assembly 2 are in the closed state. The first sealed box 21 is divided into a storage chamber and an exhaust chamber. The extraction pump 24 is in standby mode. The pretreated copper smelting waste enters the storage chamber of the first sealed box 21 through the inlet pipe 15 for temporary storage. At this time, because both gates are closed, the interior of the leaching tank 1 is completely isolated from the storage chamber, and the residual waste gas in the tank cannot diffuse upward. The extraction pump 24 is started, and the exhaust chamber of the first sealed box 21 is extracted through one of the first extraction pipes 26. The trace amounts of air or previous waste gas that may remain in the exhaust chamber are drawn to the exhaust pipe 25 to ensure that the exhaust chamber is clean. Under clean negative pressure, first open the electric front gate 22, and the material in the storage chamber will naturally fall into the exhaust chamber below. After the material has completely entered the exhaust chamber, immediately close the electric front gate 22 to isolate the exhaust chamber and prevent waste gas from rushing upward into the inlet pipe 15 during subsequent operations. Then open the electric rear gate 23, and the material in the exhaust chamber will enter the leaching tank 1 along the sealed channel. After the material has completely entered the tank, quickly close the electric rear gate 23 to complete the entire feeding process. During this process, the exhaust chamber is always under the negative pressure control of the suction pump 24. Even if waste gas briefly enters the exhaust chamber from the leaching tank 1, it will be immediately drawn away by the first suction pipe 26 and will not leak to the inlet pipe 15 or the outside.

[0049] After the nickel metal leaching reaction is completed, the stirring rod 13 drives the stirring tank 14 to rotate and filter. The leaching liquid enters the interior of the stirring tank 14 through the filter holes and finally collects in the liquid storage seat 27 at the bottom of the leaching tank 1. At this time, the electric control gate 29 corresponding to the outlet pipe 16 is in the closed state. The drain valve at the bottom of the leaching tank 1 is opened, and the leaching liquid enters the second sealed box 28 and the connected outlet pipe 16. During this process, any harmful gases that may be trapped or volatilized in the pipe are immediately drawn away by the suction pump 24 through another first suction pipe 26 and transported to the external waste gas collection system. After the waste gas in the waste gas pipe 25 is completely drawn away, the electric control gate 29 is opened, and the leaching liquid is discharged along the outlet pipe 16. After the leaching liquid is completely discharged, the electric control gate 29 is closed to maintain the overall sealing of the equipment and prepare for the next leaching cycle.

[0050] During the feeding stage, the invention uses the alternating opening and closing of the electric front gate 22 and the electric rear gate 23 to transport the material in segments, ensuring that the interior of the leaching tank 1 is always isolated from the external environment. This fundamentally cuts off the path of exhaust gas leakage upward through the feed pipe. During the discharge stage, the cooperation of the second sealing box 28 of the second suction assembly 20 and the electric control gate 29 ensures that the harmful gases volatilized from the leachate have been pre-extracted before discharge, thus preventing exhaust gas leakage from the discharge pipe. This greatly protects the on-site environment, avoids the harm of harmful gases to the health of operators, and prevents acid mist and SO2 from corroding surrounding equipment and pipelines. It also significantly extends the service life of the overall equipment in the plant and reduces maintenance costs.

[0051] Please see Figure 2 An air pump 211 is installed at the rear end of the leaching tank 1. An air supply seat 212 is installed at the outlet end of the air pump 211 through a pipe. The air supply seat 212 has three air outlets. A solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air outlets is installed on the air supply seat 212. Two of the air outlets are respectively equipped with a first air outlet pipe 213 and a second air outlet pipe 214. The other end of the first air outlet pipe 213 is connected to the exhaust chamber of the first sealing box 21, and the other end of the second air outlet pipe 214 is connected to the top of the liquid storage seat 27.

[0052] It should be noted that by opening the solenoid valve corresponding to the first outlet pipe 213 of the gas supply seat 212, the air intake pump 211 injects external air into the exhaust chamber through the gas supply seat 212 and the first outlet pipe 213. The injected air forms a turbulent airflow in the exhaust chamber, flushing the residual exhaust gas on the chamber wall. At the same time, the airflow circulation accelerates the gas replacement inside the exhaust chamber, making the negative pressure state more stable. After the exhaust chamber reaches a clean negative pressure through circulation, the corresponding solenoid valve is closed. At this time, due to the enhanced replacement in the early stage, there is no residual exhaust gas in the exhaust chamber, and the upward diffusion of exhaust gas inside the leaching tank 1 is completely isolated.

[0053] Open the solenoid valve corresponding to the second outlet pipe 214 of the gas supply seat 212. The air intake pump 211 injects external air into the top of the liquid storage seat 27 through the second outlet pipe 214. The injected air forms airflow on the surface of the leachate inside the liquid storage seat 27, disturbing the gas phase space inside the liquid storage seat 27. This promotes the removal of SO2 and acid mist volatilized from the surface of the leachate from the liquid surface. At the same time, it washes away the waste gas attached to the inner wall of the liquid storage seat 27, causing it to quickly gather in the extraction area. After the waste gas inside the liquid storage seat 27 has been fully extracted, close the corresponding solenoid valve and open the electric control gate 29 to discharge the leachate along the outlet pipe 16, ensuring that there is no waste gas leakage during the discharge process.

[0054] Air is injected into the exhaust chamber through the first exhaust pipe 213, forming a turbulent airflow. This airflow can effectively flush the inner wall of the chamber and peel off the residual and attached exhaust gas. Airflow is injected into the space above the liquid surface of the liquid storage seat 27 through the second exhaust pipe 214, forming a dynamic disturbance in the gas phase space. This causes the SO2 and acid mist dissolved in the leachate or attached to the liquid surface to evaporate and detach more quickly, so that they enter the gas phase from the liquid phase and are drawn away. This ensures that the exhaust gas in the exhaust chamber and the liquid storage seat 27 is thoroughly removed before feeding and discharging operations, providing a highly clean buffer space for subsequent operations. It also works in conjunction with the air pump 24 to form a forced circulation and replacement effect.

[0055] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4The first sealing box 21 is located on the lower side wall of the exhaust chamber and is equipped with a vertical first vent plate 221 near the end of the first vent pipe 213. The liquid storage seat 27 is equipped with a plurality of horizontal second vent plates 222 on the top and near the end of the second vent pipe 214.

[0056] It should be noted that when the intake pump 211 injects air into the exhaust chamber through the first exhaust pipe 213, the airflow is first ejected from the vertically set first exhaust plate 221. The first exhaust plate 221 disperses the concentrated airflow into multiple vertically branched airflows, which helps the air to evenly cover the entire exhaust chamber cross section, and finally makes the exhaust gas evenly extracted under negative pressure, avoiding local residue.

[0057] The air injected by the air pump 211 through the second air outlet pipe 214 first enters the horizontally set second air outlet plate 222 and is ejected. Multiple horizontally distributed second air outlet plates 222 disperse the airflow into a uniform horizontal airflow layer. The dispersed airflow diffuses along the top of the liquid storage seat 27, forming an airflow barrier covering the entire surface of the leachate. The horizontal airflow can effectively agitate the gas phase space on the surface of the leachate, causing the waste gas dissolved in the liquid to escape quickly, further improving the effect of cleaning waste gas.

[0058] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 An annular exhaust assembly 3 is located on the side of the leaching cover 11 facing the inside of the leaching tank 1. It is used to collect the waste gas generated in the leaching tank 1 during the stirring reaction and discharge it to an external waste gas collection system. The annular exhaust assembly 3 includes: a cavity plate 31, which is fixedly installed on the outer middle of the leaching tank 1; a second suction pipe 32, one end of which is fixedly installed below the cavity plate 31, and the other end of which is connected to the inlet end of the suction pump 24. A solenoid valve is also provided on the second suction pipe 32; several gas distribution pipes 33, one end of which is connected to the cavity plate 31; a first gas delivery plate 34, which is fixedly installed on the top of the leaching tank 1. The other end of the gas distribution pipes 33 is connected to the first gas delivery plate 34; and several gas outlet seats 35, which are fixedly installed inside the first gas delivery plate 34. The gas outlet seats 35 have air inlets inside. The air inlets are arranged obliquely to prevent liquid from entering. The air inlets are connected to the gas distribution pipes 33.

[0059] It should be noted that when the leaching tank 1 enters the stirring reaction process, the vacuum pump 24 is started simultaneously and the solenoid valve on the second vacuum pipe 32 is opened. The vacuum pump 24 forms a continuous negative pressure on the cavity plate 31 through the second vacuum pipe 32. This negative pressure is quickly transmitted to the first gas delivery plate 34 through the gas distribution pipe 33, so that all the gas outlet seats 35 in the first gas delivery plate 34 form a stable suction negative pressure, laying the foundation for waste gas capture.

[0060] SO2 and acid mist generated by the stirring reaction diffuse upward with the airflow and accumulate in the top space below the leaching cover 11. This area is a natural enrichment zone for waste gas. Since the first gas conveying plate 34 is fixedly installed on the top of the leaching tank 1 and arranged around the periphery of the stirring tank 14, its several gas outlet seats 35 are evenly distributed in a ring, which can completely cover the entire top space below the leaching cover 11. Each gas outlet seat 35, through its internal air inlet, simultaneously forms a negative pressure adsorption on the waste gas in the surrounding area, avoiding negative pressure adsorption caused by a single air extraction point. In the pressure blind zone, the exhaust gas captured by the exhaust seat 35 enters the first gas delivery plate 34 through the air inlet. After the exhaust gas from multiple exhaust seats 35 is integrated, it is simultaneously transported to the cavity plate 31 through several gas distribution pipes 33. The cavity plate 31 is fixed to the middle of the outer side of the leaching tank 1. Its large internal volume can realize the temporary storage of exhaust gas and airflow buffering, avoiding the formation of turbulence in multiple exhaust gases during the transportation process. Finally, the exhaust gas in the cavity plate 31 enters the exhaust gas pipe 25 through the second exhaust pipe 32, and is uniformly transported to the external exhaust gas collection system for treatment by the exhaust pump 24.

[0061] The annular exhaust assembly 3 designed in this invention addresses the characteristics of large quantities and uneven distribution of harmful gases generated during the stirring reaction stage. Specifically, it employs a first gas conveying plate 34 and multiple uniformly distributed annular gas outlet seats 35 to form a negative pressure collection network without dead angles at the top of the leaching tank 1. Each gas outlet seat 35 is an independent extraction point. No matter where the harmful gases diffuse into the tank under the stirring action, especially in the top corner areas where they tend to accumulate, they can be efficiently captured by the nearest gas outlet seat 35, achieving large-area collection of reaction waste gases and significantly improving collection efficiency.

[0062] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The interior of the leaching tank 1 is equipped with a first guide plate 36 arranged in a ring. The first guide plate 36 is spiral in shape, and the top of each group of first guide plates 36 corresponds to the air outlet seat 35.

[0063] It should be noted that after the leachate is discharged, the drive motor 12 is started to rotate the stirring rod 13. The residual gas flows downward along the inside of the stirring tank 14 under the action of the stirring rod 13. The downward airflow directly impacts the surface of the waste residue inside the stirring tank 14, and the SO2, acid mist and other waste gases adsorbed by the waste residue particles are stripped off by the shearing force of the airflow. At the same time, the agglomerated waste residue is broken up and the closed gas nuclei inside are released. The airflow carries the stripped waste gas and, with the diffusion force generated by the rotation of the stirring rod 13, part of the airflow diffuses along the side wall of the stirring tank 14 and enters the annular gap between the stirring tank 14 and the leaching tank 1 through the filter holes of the stirring tank 14. The other part of the airflow impacts the bottom of the stirring tank 14 and forms a rebound airflow, which gathers in the central area of ​​the leaching tank 1 and rises under the action of the vortex of the rotating stirring rod 13. The flow is as follows: After the two airflows merge, they impact the conical bottom of the leaching tank 1 and rise along the first guide plate 36. This avoids the airflow turbulence caused by direct impact on the wall of the leaching tank 1. The spiral structure extends the path of the airflow in the leaching tank 1, allowing the airflow more time to contact the waste residue along the way and continuously peel off and entrain residual waste gas. At the same time, the guiding effect of the guide plate eliminates the energy loss caused by the disorderly rise of the airflow and ensures that the waste gas migrates directionally to the top enrichment area. The waste gas that rises along the spiral guide plate directly enters the adsorption range of the corresponding air outlet seat 35 at the top and can be captured by the air inlet without additional diffusion. The captured waste gas is collected through the first gas conveying plate 34, the gas distribution pipe 33, and the cavity plate 31, and finally discharged into the waste gas pipe 25 through the second exhaust pipe 32, completing the entire cleaning process.

[0064] This invention utilizes the downward airflow generated by the rotation of the stirring rod 13 to directly impact the waste residue layer. Through the shearing force of the airflow, the agglomerates are physically broken up and the waste gas adsorbed on the surface of the particles is peeled off, and the gas trapped inside is powerfully released, thus achieving deep purification of the waste residue.

[0065] The airflow diffuses from all sides along the conical structure at the bottom of the barrel, eliminating dead zones and stagnant areas for waste gas. This ensures that all waste residue in the bottom area is covered and flushed by the airflow. The spiral inclined structure of the first guide plate 36 is crucial. It transforms the disordered and chaotic rising airflow into an ordered and directional spiral rising airflow. The spiral path greatly increases the contact time and area between the airflow and the waste residue, making the process of stripping and entraining waste gas more thorough and complete. This avoids the kinetic energy loss and turbulence caused by the airflow directly impacting the barrel wall, ensuring that all the airflow energy is used to propel the waste gas upward, resulting in extremely high transmission efficiency.

[0066] Please see Figures 6-8A fixed cover 311 is installed on the top wall of the leaching cover 11. Two drive wheels 312 are rotatably connected inside the fixed cover 311. A conveyor belt 313 is rotatably connected to the outside of the two drive wheels 312. One drive wheel 312 is fixedly installed on the top of the stirring rod 13. The other drive wheel 312 rotates through the shaft and passes under the leaching cover 11 and is equipped with an external gear 314. An internal gear 315 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the leaching cover 11. The external gear 314 and the internal gear 315 are meshed. The top of the stirring tank 14 is installed below the internal gear 315.

[0067] It should be noted that after the drive motor 12 starts, its output shaft directly drives the stirring rod 13 to rotate clockwise. Since one of the transmission wheels 312 is fixedly installed on the top of the stirring rod 13, the rotation of the stirring rod 13 synchronously drives the transmission wheel 312 to rotate, which in turn drives the other transmission wheel 312 inside the fixed cover 311 to rotate in the same direction through the closed conveyor belt 313. The rotation of the transmission wheel 312 synchronously drives the external gear 314 to rotate clockwise. The external gear 314 and the internal gear 315 rotatably connected below the leaching cover 11 form a meshing transmission. Based on the steering characteristics of gear meshing, the internal gear 315 rotates in the same direction as the external gear 314. The top of the mixing tank 14 is fixedly installed below the internal gear 315. The rotation of the internal gear 315 directly drives the mixing tank 14 to rotate synchronously, realizing the synchronous rotation of the stirring rod 13 and the mixing tank 14. The rotation forces the material to be stirred not only in the central area, but also to generate strong eddies and tumbling near the inner wall of the mixing tank 14, which greatly accelerates the mass transfer and reaction speed, shortens the reaction time required to reach the expected leaching rate, and thus improves production efficiency.

[0068] In this design, the continuous rotation of the mixing tank 14 serves a self-cleaning function. Its movement generates relative friction with the internal materials, continuously scraping and agitating the waste residue layer tightly adhering to the tank wall. This effectively prevents particles from clogging the filter pores, maintaining the high permeability of the filter pores in the mixing tank 14. This allows the leachate to be discharged quickly and smoothly, improving equipment utilization. At the same time, dynamic filtration is also more conducive to separating finer particles, improving the solid-liquid separation effect. Moreover, the rotation of the mixing tank 14 puts the waste residue inside into a more intense state of tumbling and friction, which further breaks up the clumps of waste residue and exposes the enclosed gas nuclei to the maximum extent, making them easier to be peeled off by the downward airflow. This ensures that the harmful gases remaining inside the waste residue are removed more thoroughly before discharge.

[0069] Please see Figure 9 A second guide plate 316 is installed on the outside of the mixing tank 14. The second guide plate 316 is spiral in shape.

[0070] The rotation of the stirring tank 14 synchronously drives the second guide plate 316 to rotate at high speed. The spiral second guide plate 316 immediately interacts with the waste gas in the annular gap between the leaching tank 1 and the stirring tank 14. The second guide plate 316 rotates with the stirring tank 14 and generates a tangential thrust on the contacting waste gas, causing the waste gas in the gap to move in a circular motion synchronously, breaking the static stagnation state of the waste gas in the gap and forming a rotating airflow field. The inclination angle of the spiral pattern causes the rotating second guide plate 316 to generate an upward axial force on the waste gas, gradually moving it closer to the annular exhaust assembly 3 area below the leaching cover 11, so as to facilitate the timely extraction and discharge of the waste gas. In this invention, the second guide plate 316 is set to guide the SO2, acid mist and other waste gases in the gap from static stagnation to dynamic rise, thereby improving the waste gas removal rate in the gap.

[0071] Multiple air inlets 321 are installed below the leaching cover 11 and above the mixing tank 14. A second air delivery plate 322 is installed on the top of the leaching cover 11. The multiple air inlets 321 and the second air delivery plate 322 are connected. The top of the second air delivery plate 322 is connected to another air outlet of the air delivery plate 212 through a pipe.

[0072] According to the working conditions, the solenoid valve corresponding to the third air outlet of the air supply seat 212 is opened. The air inlet pump 211 pressurizes the external clean air and delivers it to the air supply seat 212. It is introduced into the second air supply plate 322 on the top of the leaching cover 11 through the third air outlet and the pipe. The second air supply plate 322 evenly distributes the concentrated airflow to multiple air inlets 321. The airflow distributed by the second air supply plate 322 is jetted vertically downward in a columnar shape through the air outlet of the air inlet 321. After the leachate is discharged, the waste residue remaining in the mixing tank 14 is loosened under the rotation of the mixing rod 13 and the mixing tank 14. The vertically jetted airflow penetrates the waste residue layer axially downward along the inside of the mixing tank 14. The airflow shear force further peels off the waste gas adsorbed on the surface of the waste residue particles and breaks up the closed gas core inside the agglomerated waste residue.

[0073] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 7 The bottom wall of the leaching cap 11 has a guide groove 110 on the outer edge, and its inner wall is designed with a smooth slope. The top of the guide groove 110 is flush with the air outlet seat 35.

[0074] Under the influence of gravity and airflow, the exhaust gas attached to the cover flows naturally into the guide groove 110 along the smooth slope, avoiding disorderly diffusion on the cover. The exhaust gas flowing into the guide groove 110 forms a concentrated airflow in the groove. Since the top of the guide groove 110 is flush with the outlet seat 35, the airflow can directly enter the adsorption range of the air inlet hole of the outlet seat 35 without additional lifting or lowering, thus improving the efficiency of exhaust gas discharge.

[0075] Working Principle: When using a nickel leaching device for copper smelting waste, the pre-treated copper smelting waste enters the storage chamber of the first sealed box 21 through the inlet pipe 15. The electric front gate 22 and electric rear gate 23 are initially fully closed, completely isolating the storage chamber from the leaching tank 1 and preventing the upward flow of waste gas from the tank. The suction pump 24 is started, simultaneously opening the solenoid valve corresponding to the first outlet pipe 213 on the gas supply seat 212. The air injected by the intake pump 211 is dispersed into multiple airflows through the vertical first outlet plate 221, flushing away residual waste gas on the exhaust chamber wall and ensuring the exhaust chamber is in a clean negative pressure state. First, the electric front gate 22 is opened, and the gate is immediately closed after the material falls into the exhaust chamber; then, the electric rear gate 23 is opened, and the gate is quickly closed after the material enters the tank. The exhaust chamber is continuously under negative pressure throughout the process, ensuring that even if waste gas briefly enters the tank, it is immediately removed, achieving leak-free feeding.

[0076] The drive motor 12 drives the stirring rod 13 to rotate clockwise. Through the meshing of the transmission wheel 312 set, the conveyor belt 313, the external gear 314 and the internal gear 315 in the fixed cover 311, the stirring tank 14 is driven to rotate. The flow field of the stirring tank 14 breaks up the material agglomeration, so that the copper smelting waste and the leaching agent can fully contact each other. The rotation of the stirring tank 14 realizes dynamic filtration. The leaching liquid enters the tank through the filter holes, and the solid waste residue is intercepted.

[0077] The vacuum pump 24 and the solenoid valve of the second vacuum pipe 32 are started simultaneously. The gas outlet seats 35 distributed in a ring inside the first gas delivery plate 34 form a negative pressure network. The SO2 and acid mist generated by the reaction rise with the flow field to the bottom of the leaching cover 11. After being gathered by the guide groove 110 (smooth inclined surface guide), they are accurately captured by the gas outlet seats 35 and discharged into the waste gas pipe 25 through the gas distribution pipe 33, the cavity plate 31, and the second vacuum pipe 32.

[0078] After the leachate is filtered through the stirring tank 14, the drain valve is opened and the leachate is collected in the storage seat 27 at the bottom of the leachating tank 1. The electric control gate 29 is initially closed, and the solenoid valve corresponding to the second air outlet pipe 214 of the gas supply seat 212 is opened simultaneously. The air injected by the air pump 211 forms an airflow layer through the horizontal second air outlet plate 222, which disturbs the gas phase space at the top of the storage seat 27 and promotes the escape of waste gas from the liquid surface. The waste gas is then drawn to the waste gas pipe 25 through another first suction pipe 26. After the waste gas is completely extracted, the electric control gate 29 is opened to drain the liquid. After the liquid is drained, the gate is closed to maintain the airtightness of the equipment.

[0079] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0080] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A nickel metal leaching device for copper smelting waste, comprising a leaching body, the leaching body including a leaching tank (1), a leaching cover (11), a drive motor (12), a stirring rod (13), and a stirring tank (14), wherein the leaching cover (11) is sealed to the top of the leaching tank (1), the bottom of the leaching tank (1) is conical, the drive motor (12) is disposed on the top of the leaching cover (11), the stirring rod (13) and the stirring tank (14) are both installed at the bottom of the leaching cover (11), and the stirring rod (13) is connected to the drive motor (12) for rotational stirring, the top of the leaching cover (11) is provided with an inlet pipe (15), and the bottom of the leaching tank (1) is provided with an outlet pipe (16), characterized in that: The first suction assembly (2) and the second suction assembly (20) are respectively installed on the inlet pipe (15) and the outlet pipe (16) to block the direct connection between the inside of the leaching tank (1) and the outside during the feeding process in the inlet pipe (15) and the discharge process in the outlet pipe (16), and to promptly extract the waste gas overflowing during material conveying or discharge. The first suction assembly (2) includes: The first sealing box (21) has a downward opening structure. The first sealing box (21) is installed at the bottom of the inlet pipe (15). The bottom of the first sealing box (21) is installed on the leaching cap (11). An electric front brake (22) is installed in the upper part of the first sealing box (21); The electric rear gate (23) is installed in the lower middle part of the first sealing box (21). The top area of ​​the first sealing box (21) is a storage chamber, and the bottom area of ​​the first sealing box (21) is an exhaust chamber. A vacuum pump (24) is installed on one side of the leaching tank (1); An exhaust pipe (25) is installed at the outlet end of a vacuum pump (24) and is connected to an external exhaust gas collection system. There are two first suction pipes (26), which are connected to the inlet end of the suction pump (24). The other ends of the two first suction pipes (26) are respectively connected to the exhaust chamber of the first sealing box (21) and the top of the waste gas pipe (25). A liquid storage base (27) is installed at the bottom of the leaching tank (1); The second air extraction assembly (20) includes: The second sealing box (28) is installed at the front bottom of the liquid storage seat (27), and the rear end of the outlet pipe (16) is installed at the front of the second sealing box (28); An electric control gate (29) is installed on the second sealed box (28); An air pump (211) is installed at the rear end of the leaching tank (1). An air supply seat (212) is installed at the outlet end of the air pump (211) through a pipe. The air supply seat (212) has three air outlets. An electromagnetic valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air outlets is installed on the air supply seat (212). Two of the air outlets are respectively equipped with a first air outlet pipe (213) and a second air outlet pipe (214). The other end of the first air outlet pipe (213) is connected to the exhaust chamber of the first sealing box (21), and the other end of the second air outlet pipe (214) is connected to the top of the liquid storage seat (27). An annular exhaust assembly (3) is disposed on the side of the leaching cover (11) facing the inside of the leaching tank (1) for collecting the waste gas generated in the leaching tank (1) during the stirring reaction and discharging it to an external waste gas collection system.

2. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing box (21) has a vertical first vent plate (221) installed on the lower exhaust chamber side wall and near the first vent pipe (213), and a plurality of horizontal second vent plates (222) are installed on the top of the liquid storage seat (27) and near the second vent pipe (214).

3. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular exhaust assembly (3) includes: A cavity plate (31) is fixedly installed on the outer middle part of the leaching tank (1); The second suction pipe (32) has one end fixedly installed below the cavity plate (31) and the other end connected to the inlet end of the suction pump (24). There are several air distribution tubes (33), and one of their lower ends is connected to the cavity plate (31); The first gas delivery plate (34) is fixedly installed on the top of the leaching tank (1), and the other end of the gas distribution pipe (33) is connected to the first gas delivery plate (34); There are several air outlet seats (35), which are fixedly installed inside the first air delivery plate (34). An air inlet is provided inside the air outlet seat (35), and the air inlet is connected to the air distribution pipe (33).

4. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The leaching tank (1) is equipped with a first guide plate (36) arranged in a ring array inside. The first guide plate (36) is spiral in shape, and the top of each group of first guide plates (36) corresponds to the air outlet seat (35).

5. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top wall of the leaching cover (11) is fitted with a fixed cover (311). The inside of the fixed cover (311) is rotatably connected to two drive wheels (312). The outside of the two drive wheels (312) is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt (313). One drive wheel (312) is fixedly installed on the top of the stirring rod (13). The other drive wheel (312) rotates through the shaft and passes under the leaching cover (11) and is fitted with an external gear (314). An internal gear (315) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the leaching cover (11). The external gear (314) and the internal gear (315) are meshed. The top of the stirring tank (14) is installed below the internal gear (315).

6. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second guide plate (316) is installed on the outside of the mixing tank (14), and the second guide plate (316) is spiral-shaped.

7. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple air inlets (321) are installed below the leaching cap (11) and above the mixing tank (14). A second air delivery plate (322) is installed on the top of the leaching cap (11). The multiple air inlets (321) and the second air delivery plate (322) are connected. The top of the second air delivery plate (322) is connected to another air outlet of the air delivery plate (212) through a pipe.

8. The nickel metal leaching equipment for copper smelting waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the leaching cap (11) is provided with a guide groove (110), and the top of the guide groove (110) is flush with the air outlet seat (35).

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