Ultrafast laser intensity modulation method and system based on multichannel diffraction grating

By employing multi-channel diffraction grating beam splitting and aspherical mirror synthesis techniques, combined with hierarchical compensation for fast and slow deviations, the bottleneck of multi-channel laser modulation at MHz-level repetition frequencies has been overcome, achieving efficient beam splitting, precise modulation, and low-aberration synthesis, thereby improving modulation speed and stability.

CN121123724BActive Publication Date: 2026-06-02HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH +2
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Filing Date
2025-08-29
Publication Date
2026-06-02

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing technologies have bottlenecks in MHz-level repetition frequency, multi-channel parallel control, and high contrast maintenance. Traditional beam splitting elements have low splitting efficiency and large channel crosstalk. Optical path errors lead to a decrease in modulation accuracy, making it difficult to achieve efficient beam splitting, accurate deviation correction, and low aberration synthesis.

Method used

The system employs multi-channel diffraction gratings for beam splitting, independent electrical signal modulation, and confocal aspherical mirror synthesis, combined with a fast and slow deviation graded compensation mechanism. Optical components are precisely placed through optical path design, and laser decomposition, modulation, and synthesis are performed using blazed gratings, microlens arrays, and lithium niobate electro-optic modulators. Parameters are monitored and dynamically adjusted in real time.

Benefits of technology

It achieves efficient beam splitting, precise modulation, and low aberration synthesis, improving modulation speed, accuracy, and stability to meet the needs of high-speed communication and precision machining.

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Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on multi-channel diffraction grating ultrafast laser intensity modulation method and system, method includes: placing optical element according to optical path design, alignment optical axis, adjust the output direction of ultrafast laser and system main optical axis coincide, complete preliminary calibration.Laser is split by blazed grating, focused to each channel electro-optic modulator by microlens array;8 independent electric modulation signals are generated synchronously, and after loading, the intensity modulation of multi-channel sub-beam is completed, and then synthesized by confocal aspherical mirror to eliminate aberration.When the modulation contrast is less than 30dB, based on fast and slow deviation grading mechanism: high-frequency dynamic deviation is compensated by real-time voltage correction optical path, low-frequency slow change deviation is compensated by temperature control refractive index and fine adjustment grating angle to reduce crosstalk, until standard is reached.Finally, linkage control mechanism is established, and parameters are monitored and dynamically adjusted in real time.Modulation speed, precision and stability are improved.
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