Communication method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method and device, equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: switching from a cellular network to device-to-device communication under the condition that the cellular network cannot be normally used, and switching from the cellular network to the device-to-device communication in a device-to-device communication mode, determining at least one surrounding wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting device-to-device communication; selecting a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel; selecting a target communication device from the at least one communication device; and communicating with the target communication equipment through the target wireless channel. Through the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the cellular network cannot be used, the device-to-device communication can be quickly switched to, and the continuity and the reliability of the communication are ensured, so that emergency rescue can be realized by utilizing the device-to-device communication under the condition that the communication network is paralyzed or cannot be covered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle communication, in particular to a communication method, device, equipment and medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of intelligent transportation systems and Internet of Vehicles, vehicle communication systems have become an important part of modern cars, aiming to improve driving safety, traffic efficiency and user experience. However, in the existing vehicle communication system, the communication terminal usually relies on the control of the base station and the coverage of the cellular network to realize data transmission and communication functions. However, in the edge zone or remote area, the coverage of the cellular network may not be perfect, and even in the case of natural disasters, rescue and other emergencies, the communication network may be paralyzed or unable to work normally, resulting in communication interruption, which seriously affects the development of emergency response and rescue work. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application aims to provide a communication method, device, equipment and medium to solve the problem of communication network paralysis or non-coverage in the case of emergency communication.

[0004] According to the first aspect of the present application, a communication method is first provided, applied to a vehicle telematics processor, the vehicle telematics processor integrated with a device-to-device communication module; the device-to-device communication module is used to support device-to-device communication; the method comprises: In the case that the cellular network cannot be normally used, switching from the cellular network to the device-to-device communication; In the device-to-device communication mode, determining at least one wireless channel around and at least one communication device supporting the device-to-device communication; Selecting a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel; Selecting a target communication device from the at least one communication device; Communicating with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

[0005] Optionally, in the case that the cellular network cannot be normally used, switching from the cellular network to the device-to-device communication, comprising: Monitoring the reference signal received power and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the cellular network; In the case that the reference signal received power is less than a first preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is less than a second preset value, it is determined that the cellular network cannot be normally used; In the case that the cellular network cannot be normally used, starting the device-to-device communication module, switching from the cellular network to the device-to-device communication.

[0006] Optionally, the selecting a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel comprises: detecting usage, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio and interference level of the at least one wireless channel; assigning priority to the at least one wireless channel according to the usage, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio and the interference level; determining a target wireless channel according to the priority.

[0007] Optionally, the selecting a target communication device from the at least one communication device comprises: broadcasting a probe signal to surrounding communication devices, determining at least one communication device supporting device-to-device communication, and receiving response information of the communication device; the probe signal comprises at least one of communication device identifier, function support, signal strength, access requirement; selecting a target communication device from the at least one communication device according to the response information.

[0008] Optionally, the communicating with the target communication device through the target wireless channel comprises: sending a connection request to the target communication device; the connection request comprises authentication information; conducting two-way identity authentication with the target communication device according to the authentication information; establishing a connection with the target communication device after the two-way identity authentication; monitoring quality indicators of at least one data transmission link in the target wireless channel; the quality indicators comprise at least signal strength, packet loss rate; determining a target data transmission link according to the quality indicators; transmitting data to the target communication device through the target data transmission link.

[0009] Optionally, the transmitting data to the target communication device through the target data transmission link comprises: establishing a connection with at least one intermediate communication device in case that the target communication device is beyond a direct communication range; transmitting data to the target communication device according to the intermediate device.

[0010] Optionally, the method further comprises: in case that the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a first preset time, disconnecting the device-to-device communication module, and switching back to the cellular network from the device-to-device communication; If the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a second preset time, the device-to-device communication module is shut down.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a communication device is also provided, applied to an in-vehicle telematics processor, the in-vehicle telematics processor integrating a device-to-device communication module; the device-to-device communication module is used to support device-to-device communication; the device includes: A switching module is used to switch from the cellular network to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is unavailable. The determination module is used to determine, in the device-to-device communication mode, at least one surrounding wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting the device-to-device communication; A first selection module is configured to select a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel; The second selection module is used to select a target communication device from the at least one communication device; A communication module is used to communicate with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

[0012] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the communication method as described above.

[0013] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method described above.

[0014] The communication method provided in this invention switches from cellular network to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is unavailable. In device-to-device communication, at least one nearby wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting device-to-device communication are identified; a target wireless channel is selected from the at least one wireless channel; a target communication device is selected from the at least one communication device; and communication is established with the target communication device through the target wireless channel. This invention enables rapid switching to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is unavailable, ensuring the continuity and reliability of communication. Therefore, in the event of emergencies (such as natural disasters, disaster relief, etc.), when the communication network is paralyzed or lacks coverage, device-to-device communication can be used for emergency rescue.

[0015] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details are presented in the various embodiments of the present invention to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the present invention can be implemented even without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the various embodiments below is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of the present invention. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0018] In existing vehicle communication systems, communication terminals are controlled by base stations. In remote areas without cellular network coverage, communication networks often become paralyzed or unable to provide coverage in the event of emergencies (natural disasters, disaster relief, etc.) that require emergency communication.

[0019] This application utilizes multiple antennas installed on the roof of a vehicle to act as mobile micro base stations for operators, and leverages D2D (Device-to-Device) technology to enable direct communication between vehicles, forming a temporary communication network.

[0020] The in-vehicle T-BOX integrates a D2D communication module to support D2D communication. D2D communication is a technology that enables direct data transmission between devices without relying on traditional cellular base stations or Wi-Fi access points. It utilizes the devices' own wireless communication capabilities to achieve peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device direct communication. D2D technology has broad application prospects in areas such as vehicle-to-everything (V2X), the Internet of Things (IoT), and emergency communications.

[0021] The prerequisites for enabling direct communication between vehicles using D2D (Device-to-Device) technology are: a properly functioning onboard telematics box (T-BOX) and multiple antennas installed on the roof of the vehicle. These antennas are installed to support D2D communication, enhance signal coverage and reliability, support high-bandwidth and low-latency communication, support vehicle-to-everything (V2X) functionality, support positioning and navigation, and support telematics processing.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may specifically include the following steps: Step 101: In the event that the cellular network is not working properly, switch from the cellular network to device-to-device communication.

[0023] The system can proactively identify signal coverage gaps in the road ahead and ensure that alternative operators do not provide consistently good signal coverage through big data from communication maps. This communication map big data includes signal strength data, signal coverage maps, road network data, and operator information.

[0024] Signal strength data: Records signal strength (such as RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) and SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio)) in different areas and by different operators. Signal coverage map: Generates a heat map of signal coverage based on historical and real-time data; Road network data: including road topology and road types (such as highways, urban roads, tunnels, etc.). Carrier information: Records the distribution of base stations, frequency bands, and signal coverage of different carriers.

[0025] Big data sources include: historical data (accumulated through historical communication data of vehicles, such as signal strength recorded by T-BOX), real-time data (signal strength and location information collected in real time by in-vehicle devices, such as T-BOX), and third-party data (signal coverage data obtained from map service providers, operators, or third-party data platforms).

[0026] T-BOX monitors the RSRP and SINR of the cellular network in real time. After confirming that the cellular network is not working properly, T-BOX will activate the built-in D2D (device-to-device) communication module and switch the cellular network to D2D communication mode.

[0027] Simultaneously, the signal quality of the current network is judged by actively identifying through communication map big data and real-time monitoring by T-BOX. When there is a difference between the results of identification through communication map big data and the results of real-time monitoring by T-BOX, the results of real-time monitoring by T-BOX shall prevail.

[0028] By determining whether the cellular network is usable, and when the cellular network is unusable, the D2D communication module is activated and switched to D2D communication to ensure that devices can still achieve efficient and reliable communication even when the cellular network is unavailable.

[0029] Step 102: In the device-to-device communication mode, determine at least one surrounding wireless channel and at least one communication device that supports the device-to-device communication.

[0030] Start the D2D communication module and load the default parameters for D2D communication, including: communication frequency band: select a suitable wireless frequency band for D2D communication (such as LTE frequency band or dedicated frequency band), channel bandwidth: set the channel bandwidth to meet data transmission requirements, transmit power: set the transmit power according to the communication distance and interference level, etc., to ensure that the D2D communication module can quickly and efficiently start and establish a reliable D2D communication link when the cellular network is unavailable.

[0031] T-BOX initiates a Distributed Self-Organizing Network (DSN), scanning multiple available wireless channels (such as LTE-D2D bands, Wi-Fi bands, or dedicated bands) to detect their usage and interference levels. Based on the detection results, it selects the optimal communication channel to ensure efficient communication. A distributed self-organizing network is a network architecture that does not rely on centralized infrastructure (such as base stations or routers) and allows terminal devices (such as vehicles or roadside units) to autonomously network and communicate collaboratively. Its core characteristics are decentralization, dynamic topology, and adaptive optimization, making it suitable for scenarios with high mobility and low latency requirements. In D2D communication or any wireless network, the wireless channel is the physical medium for data transmission, essentially a specific frequency range divided within the electromagnetic spectrum. Its function is similar to a "communication lane," directly affecting transmission rate, reliability, and anti-interference capability.

[0032] The T-BOX also activates a device discovery mechanism, actively broadcasting detection signals to search for nearby communication devices that support D2D communication, including D2D communication modules on other vehicles and micro base station nodes (if micro base station nodes are present nearby (such as roadside units, the D2D module will also attempt to establish a communication connection with them)). Micro base station nodes can act as intermediate nodes to extend the communication range or provide additional network resources. The detection signals include the following information: Device ID: A unique identifier that identifies surrounding communication devices; Functional support: Confirm whether the communication device supports D2D communication and related functions (such as data transmission, voice communication, etc.). Signal strength: Assess the signal quality of surrounding communications; Access requirements: Understand the access conditions of communication devices (such as authentication, encryption, etc.).

[0033] After receiving the detection signal broadcast by T-BOX, surrounding communication devices will send response information to T-BOX. T-BOX will collect response information from multiple surrounding communication devices, such as device ID, function support, signal strength and access requirements, to determine multiple optional communication devices.

[0034] Device discovery mechanisms provide the foundation for establishing direct communication links between devices. Through device discovery mechanisms, network topology can be dynamically constructed and optimized to ensure efficient network operation.

[0035] Step 103: Select a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel.

[0036] T-BOX selects the optimal wireless channel by detecting the usage and interference levels of multiple wireless channels. Usage involves identifying which wireless channels are idle and which are occupied through spectrum scanning; interference level involves assessing the quality of the wireless channel by analyzing its signal strength, noise level, and other factors to evaluate its availability.

[0037] By scanning and detecting, the system prioritizes wireless channels with minimal interference, high signal strength, and low availability as target wireless channels, avoiding channels already occupied by other devices, thus preventing collisions and improving communication quality and efficiency.

[0038] Step 104: Select a target communication device from the at least one communication device.

[0039] T-BOX collects response information from multiple surrounding communication devices. After identifying multiple selectable communication devices based on the response information, it selects the most suitable communication device (communication node), such as the nearest micro base station (e.g., roadside unit), vehicle node, or other electronic devices (e.g., mobile terminal, IoT device, etc. that support D2D communication).

[0040] You can select the target communication device that is closest in distance, has the strongest signal, and best matches the function (i.e., supports the required functions, such as data transmission and voice communication), and meets the certification and security requirements, to ensure the efficiency and stability of D2D communication.

[0041] Step 105: Communicate with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

[0042] After selecting the target wireless channel and the target communication device, the T-BOX's built-in D2D communication module initiates a connection request to the target communication device, establishes a connection with the target communication device, and then communicates with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

[0043] When cellular networks are unavailable, direct communication between devices can be achieved by activating the D2D communication module and switching to D2D communication. By scanning channels, selecting the optimal communication path, initiating device discovery mechanisms, and collecting information about surrounding devices, TBOX can establish an efficient D2D communication network, ensuring that data transmission and communication needs between devices are met.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, when the cellular network is unavailable, the system switches to device-to-device (D2D) communication. In D2D communication, at least one nearby wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting D2D communication are identified. A target wireless channel is selected from the at least one wireless channel; a target communication device is selected from the at least one communication device; and communication is established with the target communication device via the target wireless channel. This embodiment of the invention enables rapid switching to D2D communication when the cellular network is unavailable, ensuring the continuity and reliability of communication. This allows for emergency rescue in the event of unforeseen events (such as natural disasters or disaster relief) where the communication network is paralyzed or lacks coverage. Simultaneously, by scanning channels, selecting the optimal communication path, activating the device discovery mechanism, and collecting information about surrounding devices, an efficient D2D communication network is established, ensuring that the data transmission and communication needs between devices are met.

[0045] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 101 further includes the following steps: S1011, Monitor the reference signal received power and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the cellular network.

[0046] T-BOX monitors the signal quality of the cellular network in real time, primarily focusing on the following two key parameters: RSRP: Used to measure the strength of cellular signals, usually measured in dBm. When RSRP is below -115dBm, it indicates that the signal is very weak and may not be able to communicate normally. SINR: Used to measure signal quality, representing the ratio of signal to interference and noise. When SINR is below -3dBm, it indicates poor signal quality and may not be able to be decoded properly.

[0047] S1012, if the reference signal received power is less than a first preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is less than a second preset value, it is determined that the cellular network cannot be used normally; In this application, the first preset value is set to -115dBm, and the second preset value is set to -3dBm.

[0048] When T-BOX detects RSRP < -115dBm and SINR < -3dBm, it determines that the cellular network is not functioning properly.

[0049] S1013, if the cellular network is not working properly, the device-to-device communication module is activated, and the communication is switched from the cellular network to the device-to-device communication.

[0050] When the cellular network is unavailable, it switches from cellular network to D2D communication.

[0051] When the cellular network is unavailable, the D2D communication module is activated and switched to D2D communication to ensure that devices can still communicate efficiently and reliably even when the cellular network is unavailable.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, S103 further includes the following step: S1031, detect the usage status of the at least one wireless channel, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and the interference level; S1032, assign a priority to the at least one wireless channel based on the usage, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and the interference level; S1033, determine the target wireless channel according to the priority.

[0053] The T-BOX scans multiple available wireless channels in the vicinity (such as LTE-D2D bands, Wi-Fi bands, or dedicated bands), using spectrum scanning technology to detect the usage, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and interference level of each channel. Spectrum scanning technology is a tool or method for analyzing the radio spectrum, capable of detecting and analyzing information such as signal distribution, signal strength, and interference levels within a specific frequency band. It is a crucial technology in wireless communication systems, widely used in radio monitoring, spectrum management, interference detection, and channel selection.

[0054] Specifically, the system detects whether each wireless channel is occupied (e.g., whether there is an LTE or Wi-Fi signal), detects unoccupied wireless channels, and records their frequency and signal strength; it detects interference signals in the wireless channels (e.g., signals from other devices or environmental noise), records the type of interference signal (e.g., Wi-Fi interference, LTE interference, or others) and signal strength, and assesses the interference level of the channel based on the strength and distribution of the interference signal. If the interference signal strength is high, the interference level of the channel is considered high; and it calculates the signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) of each wireless channel, which is the ratio of useful signal to noise signal. The higher the SINR, the better the communication quality of the channel.

[0055] Based on the scanning and detection results, T-BOX analyzes the wireless channels and selects the optimal ones. Specifically, it analyzes the occupancy status of each wireless channel and prioritizes unoccupied channels; it analyzes the interference level of each wireless channel and prioritizes channels with lower interference levels; and it analyzes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each wireless channel and prioritizes channels with higher SNR.

[0056] Based on the availability, interference level, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the wireless channels, priority is given to selecting unoccupied channels with the highest SNR and lowest interference level as the target wireless channel to ensure efficient communication. During communication, the target wireless channel can be dynamically selected according to the actual situation. If the interference level of the current channel increases or the SNR decreases, the T-BOX will dynamically switch to other wireless channels.

[0057] T-BOX uses spectrum scanning technology to detect the usage and interference levels of multiple surrounding wireless channels. By analyzing channel occupancy, interference levels, and signal-to-noise ratio, T-BOX can select the optimal wireless channel to ensure efficient and stable communication. During communication, T-BOX also dynamically adjusts based on changes in the network environment to optimize channel selection and communication quality.

[0058] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 104 further includes the following sub-steps: S1041, broadcast a probe signal to surrounding communication devices, identify at least one communication device that supports device-to-device communication, and receive response information from the communication device; the probe signal includes at least one of communication device identifier, function support, signal strength, and access requirements; S1042, Select a target communication device from the at least one communication device according to the response information.

[0059] The T-BOX initiates its device discovery mechanism, actively broadcasting detection signals to multiple surrounding communication devices and collecting their responses. The detection signals include the following information: Device ID (Identity document): also known as device identifier, is a unique identifier that identifies surrounding communication devices; Functional support: Confirm whether the communication device supports D2D communication and related functions (such as data transmission, voice communication, etc.). Signal strength: Assess the signal quality of surrounding communications; Access requirements: Understand the access conditions of communication devices (such as authentication, encryption, etc.).

[0060] The response information includes the following: Device ID: A unique identifier for a communication device; Functional support: Communication functions supported by the communication device (such as data transmission, voice communication, etc.); Signal strength: The signal quality of communication equipment; Access requirements: Understand the access conditions of communication devices (such as authentication, encryption, etc.); Distance estimation: Estimating the distance between the communication device and the T-BOX by means of signal strength or time delay.

[0061] Based on the collected response information, T-BOX filters out several selectable communication devices. Filtering criteria may include signal strength (response signal strength reaches a preset threshold value (e.g., above -80 dBm)), functional support (the device supports the communication functions required by T-BOX (e.g., data transmission, encryption)), distance (the communication device is closest to T-BOX), and so on.

[0062] T-BOX performs a detailed analysis of the response information of the optional communication devices to evaluate the communication capabilities and suitability of each device. The analysis may include: signal strength analysis (evaluating the signal strength of the device; the stronger the signal, the higher the communication quality), function support analysis (evaluating whether the functions supported by the device meet the communication requirements of T-BOX), distance analysis (estimating the distance between the device and T-BOX through signal strength or time delay, and prioritizing devices that are closer), etc.

[0063] Based on the analysis results, T-BOX selects the most suitable target communication device, prioritizing the communication device with the strongest signal strength, the function that best meets T-BOX's needs, and the closest distance.

[0064] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 105 may further include the following sub-steps: S1051, A connection request is sent to the target communication device; the connection request includes authentication information; S1052, Perform two-way authentication with the target communication device based on the authentication information; S1053, After the two-way authentication is successful, a connection is established with the target communication device.

[0065] S1054, Monitor the quality indicators of at least one data transmission link in the target wireless channel; the quality indicators include at least signal strength and packet loss rate; S1055, Determine the target data transmission link based on the quality indicators; S1056, Data is transmitted to the target communication device through the target data transmission link.

[0066] After selecting the target communication device, a connection request is initiated to the target communication device, and two-way authentication is performed. Upon successful authentication, a stable point-to-point or multicast connection is established, and network resources are allocated. Point-to-point connection: a one-to-one communication scenario, such as direct communication between vehicles; multicast connection: a one-to-many communication scenario, such as communication between a vehicle and multiple micro base station nodes or between vehicle nodes.

[0067] Specifically, T-BOX initiates a request to the selected target communication device through the D2D protocol (such as LTE-D2D or 5G NR-D2D). The request includes its own device information, communication requirements, and relevant parameters of the selected channel, such as device ID (the ID of the device initiating the connection), functional requirements (i.e., data transmission rate, quality of service requirements, etc.), authentication information (credentials used for two-way authentication (such as digital certificates, keys, etc.), spectrum requirements (the channel and bandwidth requested to be used), etc.

[0068] To ensure secure communication, the T-BOX and the target communication device will perform two-way authentication. Specifically, the target communication device sends its identity credentials, and the T-BOX verifies the identity of the target communication device using a pre-configured public key or CA (Certificate Authority); the T-BOX then sends its identity credentials, and the target communication device verifies the identity of the T-BOX using the same authentication mechanism. Once authentication is successful, the T-BOX and the target device will establish a stable peer-to-peer or multicast connection.

[0069] After the connection is established, T-BOX will provide different bandwidths and quality of service to different users based on their different service needs. Meanwhile, D2D vehicle-to-vehicle communication also needs to coordinate with other base stations or fixed base stations to avoid spectrum resource conflicts and interference.

[0070] Specifically, tasks such as emergency message transmission between vehicles and real-time video streaming have extremely high requirements for latency and jitter; tasks such as file transfer and background data synchronization have lower latency requirements but higher bandwidth requirements; based on the importance and real-time nature of the services, services are divided into different priorities (such as high, medium, and low), and high-priority services (such as emergency communication) are allocated bandwidth and resources first to ensure low latency and high reliability.

[0071] T-BOX monitors the spectrum usage of surrounding base stations or communication equipment in real time to avoid spectrum conflicts with base stations or other equipment. If a spectrum conflict or interference is detected, T-BOX can quickly switch to other idle wireless channels.

[0072] Once a connection is established, data transmission can occur, with data being transmitted in the D2D network via multi-hop or single-hop methods. Specifically, if the target device is within direct communication range, the T-BOX can directly establish a point-to-point connection with the target device and send data to it without the need for intermediate communication devices. If the target device is not within direct communication range, the T-BOX will use intermediate devices (such as other vehicle-mounted devices, roadside units (RSUs), or micro base stations) for data forwarding. Multi-hop transmission is suitable for scenarios with wide coverage and sparse device distribution, extending the communication range.

[0073] During data transmission, dynamic routing protocols (such as AODV or OLSR) can be used to maintain the stability of data transmission links and optimize route selection based on the quality of the data transmission links, prioritizing high-priority data flows. AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) is an on-demand routing protocol suitable for dynamically changing network environments. When a T-BOX needs to send data to a target device, AODV dynamically discovers and maintains a path from the source to the destination. OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) is a link-state routing protocol suitable for scenarios requiring a global network view. The T-BOX maintains the network topology by periodically exchanging link-state information and selects the optimal path for data transmission.

[0074] In multi-hop transmission, T-BOX optimizes route selection based on link quality (such as signal strength, packet loss rate, and latency). Specifically, it monitors the signal strength, bit error rate, and latency of the data transmission link in real time, selects the data transmission link with the best quality as the target data transmission link, and dynamically updates the routing table and reselects the best path when link quality deteriorates or node movement causes path interruption.

[0075] During data transmission, Tbox prioritizes data streams based on business needs, transmitting higher-priority data streams first. For example, high priority: emergency communications (such as vehicle collision warnings and emergency calls), medium priority: real-time communications (such as voice calls and video transmissions), and low priority: non-real-time communications (such as file transfers and data updates).

[0076] In addition, intermediate devices process and forward the received signals. For example, for voice calls, D2D communication devices decode and encode the voice signal and transmit it to the target user device via a wireless transmitter. For data communication, D2D communication devices group and encapsulate the data and transmit it to the target user device via a wireless transmitter.

[0077] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, S1056 further includes the following sub-steps: S1056-1, In the case that the target communication device is outside the direct communication range, a connection is established with at least one intermediate communication device; S1056-2, Data is transmitted to the target communication device according to the intermediate device.

[0078] During data transmission, it is determined whether the target communication device is within the direct communication range. If the target communication device is not within the direct communication range, the T-BOX will use intermediate devices (such as other vehicle-mounted devices, roadside units (RSUs), or micro base stations) to forward the data.

[0079] Specifically, the T-BOX uses a wireless transmitter (such as an RF module) to detect the signal strength between itself and the target communication device. If the signal strength is higher than a preset threshold (e.g., -70 dBm), the target device is considered to be within direct communication range; if the signal strength is lower than the threshold, the target device is considered to be outside direct communication range. When the target device is outside direct communication range, the T-BOX initiates an intermediate device forwarding mechanism, transmitting data to the target communication device through at least one intermediate communication device. The T-BOX discovers available intermediate communication devices in the vicinity (such as other vehicle-mounted devices, roadside units (RSUs), or micro base stations) through broadcasting or scanning, and establishes a connection with the selected intermediate device. If multi-hop transmission through multiple intermediate devices is required, the T-BOX uses a dynamic routing protocol (such as AODV or OLSR) to discover and maintain a path from the source to the target.

[0080] The T-BOX sends data to an intermediate device, which then forwards the data to the target communication device. Specifically, the intermediate device processes and forwards the received signals. For example, for voice calls, the D2D communication device decodes and encodes the voice signal and transmits it to the target user device via a wireless transmitter. For data communication, the D2D communication device groups and encapsulates the data and transmits it to the target user device via a wireless transmitter.

[0081] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the following steps may also be included: S1, when the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a first preset time, disconnect the device-to-device communication module and switch back from device-to-device communication to the cellular network; S2, when the reference signal receiving power is greater than or equal to a third preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a second preset time, the device-to-device communication module is shut down.

[0082] In this application, the third preset value is set to -110dBm, the first preset time can be set to 5 seconds, and the second preset time can be set to 30 seconds.

[0083] During data transmission, T-BOX monitors communication quality in real time (such as RSRP, SINR, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication), packet loss rate, etc.) to assess the communication quality of the cellular network. Then, based on RSRP and SINR, it determines whether to disconnect or directly shut down the D2D communication module and switch back to the cellular network. RSSI measures the currently received signal strength, while the packet loss rate assesses the reliability of data transmission.

[0084] Specifically, when RSRP is detected to be greater than or equal to -110dBm and SINR is greater than or equal to -3dBm for a duration of 5 seconds, the D2D communication module is disconnected and switched back to the cellular network. If RSRP is greater than or equal to -110dBm and SINR is greater than or equal to -3dBm for a duration of 30 seconds, the D2D communication module is directly shut down.

[0085] When the cellular network recovers or D2D communication is no longer needed, the T-BOX determines that the D2D communication module can be disconnected or directly shut down. The T-BOX then sends a disconnect command to the D2D communication module, notifying it that the connection can be broken. Simultaneously, it shuts down the D2D communication module's radio frequency (RF) circuitry, releases memory and processor resources, switches back to the cellular network, and reports the current status to the cloud server. The RF circuitry, an electronic circuit used to process radio frequency signals, plays a core role in wireless communication systems, responsible for signal transmission, reception, modulation, demodulation, amplification, and filtering. Shutting down the D2D communication module's RF circuitry means stopping the D2D communication module's signal broadcasting and reception (i.e., broadcasting probe signals and receiving response information), and releasing memory and processor resources means clearing the memory and resources occupied by the D2D module.

[0086] After switching back to cellular network, T-BOX will report the current network status (such as the reason for switching and communication mode) to the cloud server, allowing the cloud to perform data analysis and recording.

[0087] By monitoring and judging signal quality in real time, we can ensure that we can switch back to cellular communication efficiently when the cellular network is restored, while freeing up the resources of the D2D communication module and avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and resource waste.

[0088] In addition, when the vehicle is turned off or the device cannot be connected for a long time, the D2D communication module will enter a low-power mode. It can periodically check whether there are new communication devices trying to connect through a timed wake-up mechanism. When the battery power is too low or a fault is detected, the D2D communication module will automatically shut down and report logs to the cloud.

[0089] Specifically, when the D2D communication module enters low-power mode, it shuts down unnecessary hardware modules, such as disabling the radio frequency circuit and reducing the processor frequency. The D2D communication module sets a wake-up cycle according to actual needs (e.g., every 10 seconds, every 30 seconds, etc., this application does not impose restrictions), and then periodically wakes the D2D communication module from low-power mode according to the wake-up cycle. After waking up, the D2D communication module briefly activates the radio frequency circuit to scan for signals from surrounding communication devices, checking if any new communication devices are attempting to connect. If so, it processes the access request and establishes a communication connection; otherwise, it re-enters low-power mode, waiting for the next wake-up. Maintaining device availability in low-power mode ensures that new communication devices can connect at any time, avoids prolonged activation of the radio frequency circuit, and reduces energy consumption.

[0090] The D2D communication module periodically checks the battery level (e.g., every minute, every 5 minutes, etc., this application does not impose a limit). When the battery level falls below a preset threshold (e.g., 5%, 10%, etc., this application does not impose a limit, and can be set according to actual conditions), a shutdown process is triggered. The D2D communication module shuts down all hardware modules, including the RF circuitry and processor, entering a completely shut-down state and ceasing all functions. Automatic shutdown of the D2D communication module when the battery level is too low prevents over-discharge of the battery from damaging the device.

[0091] Before shutting down, the D2D communication module uploads a low battery log to the cloud server, recording the reason for shutdown (such as low battery, hardware failure, software malfunction, etc.) and shutdown time, so as to facilitate remote management and maintenance.

[0092] The above method allows for a switch from cellular network to device-to-device (DTM) communication when the cellular network is unavailable. In DTM mode, at least one nearby wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting DTM are identified. A target wireless channel is selected from the at least one wireless channel; a target communication device is selected from the at least one communication device; and communication is established with the target communication device via the target wireless channel. This invention enables a rapid switch to DTM communication when the cellular network is unavailable, ensuring communication continuity and reliability. Therefore, in the event of emergencies (such as natural disasters, disaster relief, etc.) where the communication network is paralyzed or lacks coverage, DTM communication can be used for emergency rescue.

[0093] Reference Figure 2 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the device comprising: The switching module 201 is used to switch from the cellular network to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is not working properly. The determining module 202 is used to determine at least one surrounding wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting the device-to-device communication in the device-to-device communication mode. The first selection module 203 is used to select a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel; The second selection module 204 is used to select a target communication device from the at least one communication device; The communication module 205 is used to communicate with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

[0094] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the switching module 201 includes: The first monitoring module is used to monitor the reference signal received power and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the cellular network. The judgment module is used to determine that the cellular network cannot be used normally when the reference signal received power is less than a first preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is less than a second preset value. The startup module is used to start the device-to-device communication module and switch from the cellular network to the device-to-device communication when the cellular network is not working properly.

[0095] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first selection module 203 includes: The detection module is used to detect the usage status of the at least one wireless channel, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and the interference level. An allocation module is configured to allocate priority to the at least one wireless channel based on the usage, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and the interference level. A target wireless channel determination module is used to determine the target wireless channel according to the priority.

[0096] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the second selection module 204 includes: A signal broadcasting module is used to broadcast a probe signal to surrounding communication devices, identify at least one communication device that supports device-to-device communication, and receive response information from the communication device; the probe signal includes at least one of communication device identifier, function support, signal strength, and access requirements; A target communication device determination module is used to select a target communication device from the at least one communication device based on the response information.

[0097] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the communication module 205 includes: A request sending module is used to send a connection request to the target communication device; the connection request includes authentication information. An authentication module is used to perform two-way authentication with the target communication device based on the authentication information; The first connection establishment module is used to establish a connection with the target communication device after the two-way authentication is successful; The second monitoring module is used to monitor the quality indicators of at least one data transmission link in the target wireless channel; the quality indicators include at least signal strength and packet loss rate. The target data transmission link determination module is used to determine the target data transmission link based on the quality indicators. The first data transmission module is used to transmit data to the target communication device through the target data transmission link.

[0098] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first data transmission module includes: The second connection establishment module is used to establish a connection with at least one intermediate communication device when the target communication device is outside the direct communication range. The second data transmission module is used to transmit data to the target communication device according to the intermediate device.

[0099] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the device further includes: The disconnect module is used to disconnect the device-to-device communication module and switch back to the cellular network when the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a first preset time. The shutdown module is used to shut down the device-to-device communication module when the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a second preset time.

[0100] In this embodiment of the invention, when the cellular network is unavailable, the system switches to device-to-device communication. In device-to-device communication, at least one nearby wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting device-to-device communication are identified. A target wireless channel is selected from the at least one wireless channel; a target communication device is selected from the at least one communication device; and communication is established with the target communication device via the target wireless channel. This embodiment of the invention enables rapid switching to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is unavailable, ensuring the continuity and reliability of communication. Therefore, in the event of emergencies (such as natural disasters, disaster relief, etc.), when the communication network is paralyzed or lacks coverage, device-to-device communication can be used for emergency rescue.

[0101] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the communication method described above.

[0102] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0103] The processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0104] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the communication method described above.

[0105] As the apparatus embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, it is described in a relatively simple manner. For relevant details, please refer to the description of the method embodiment.

[0106] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0107] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0108] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0109] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, An application is made in a vehicle-mounted telematics processor, the vehicle-mounted telematics processor integrating a device-to-device communication module; the device-to-device communication module is used to support device-to-device communication; the method includes: In the event that the cellular network is unavailable, the communication will switch from the cellular network to device-to-device communication. In the device-to-device communication mode, at least one surrounding wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting the device-to-device communication are identified; Select a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel; Select the target communication device from the at least one communication device; Communicate with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching from cellular network to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is unavailable includes: Monitor the reference signal received power and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the cellular network; If the received power of the reference signal is less than a first preset value and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is less than a second preset value, it is determined that the cellular network cannot be used normally. If the cellular network is not working properly, the device-to-device communication module is activated, switching from the cellular network to device-to-device communication.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Selecting a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel includes: The usage status, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and interference level of the at least one wireless channel are detected. Prioritize the at least one wireless channel based on the usage, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and the interference level; The target wireless channel is determined based on the priority.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Selecting a target communication device from the at least one communication device includes: Broadcast a probe signal to surrounding communication devices to identify at least one communication device that supports device-to-device communication, and receive response information from the communication device; the probe signal includes at least one of communication device identifier, function support, signal strength, and access requirements; The target communication device is selected from the at least one communication device based on the response information.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication with the target communication device via the target wireless channel includes: Send a connection request to the target communication device; the connection request includes authentication information; Perform two-way authentication with the target communication device based on the authentication information; After the two-way authentication is successful, a connection is established with the target communication device; Monitor the quality indicators of at least one data transmission link in the target wireless channel; the quality indicators include at least signal strength and packet loss rate. The target data transmission link is determined based on the aforementioned quality indicators; Data is transmitted to the target communication device through the target data transmission link.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission of data to the target communication device via the target data transmission link includes: If the target communication device is outside the direct communication range, a connection is established with at least one intermediate communication device; Data is transmitted from the intermediate device to the target communication device.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a first preset time, the device-to-device communication module is disconnected, and the device-to-device communication is switched back to the cellular network. If the reference signal received power is greater than or equal to a third preset value, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is greater than or equal to a second preset value for a second preset time, the device-to-device communication module is shut down.

8. A communication device, characterized in that, An application is provided in a vehicle-mounted telematics processor, the vehicle-mounted telematics processor integrating a device-to-device communication module; the device-to-device communication module is used to support device-to-device communication; the device includes: A switching module is used to switch from the cellular network to device-to-device communication when the cellular network is unavailable. The determination module is used to determine, in the device-to-device communication mode, at least one surrounding wireless channel and at least one communication device supporting the device-to-device communication; A first selection module is configured to select a target wireless channel from the at least one wireless channel; The second selection module is used to select a target communication device from the at least one communication device; A communication module is used to communicate with the target communication device through the target wireless channel.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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