Half-piece TOPCon photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof
By employing a dual-layer structure of POE and EVA encapsulant layers and an anti-reflective film layer in half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules, the problems of unstable encapsulation quality and poor reliability are solved, achieving efficient photoelectric conversion and stable encapsulation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511203556.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing traditional packaging processes are insufficient to address the issues of unstable packaging quality, low production efficiency, and poor reliability in half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules.
The module employs a double-layer encapsulation structure, including a POE encapsulation layer and an EVA encapsulation layer, with interconnecting strips between the cell layers. Combined with an anti-reflective film layer, the module is encapsulated through a specific lamination process.
It improves packaging quality and anti-PID performance, reduces internal stress, prevents packaging material aging, and enhances photoelectric conversion efficiency and component reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121126873A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] With the growth of global energy demand and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has been widely used. In photovoltaic modules, the encapsulation structure of the cells directly affects the module's efficiency, reliability, and lifespan. Traditional photovoltaic module encapsulation processes typically employ lamination, bonding glass, EVA film, cells, and backsheet together under high temperature and pressure.
[0003] However, traditional encapsulation processes have the following problems in practical applications: 1. Bubbles are easily generated during the lamination process, affecting the encapsulation quality of the components; 2. The encapsulation film is prone to aging at high temperatures, which may lead to a decline in component performance after long-term use; 3. The encapsulation structure is complex and the production efficiency is low.
[0004] Half-cell technology involves cutting solar cells (182mm x 182mm) in half and connecting the halves in a series and parallel configuration. Unlike typical photovoltaic modules (with 60 or 72 complete cells), modules using half-cell technology consist of 120 or 144 half-cells. This reduces the current through each main busbar to about half and internal losses to about a quarter, thereby increasing the module's power output while maintaining the same design and size as conventional modules. Therefore, half-cell technology enables a stable decrease in module manufacturing costs, leading to rapid capacity expansion.
[0005] However, half-cell modules may generate high internal stress and temperature during operation, posing a significant challenge to the reliability of module packaging, and existing traditional packaging processes are difficult to meet the requirements.
[0006] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module that effectively solves the problems of unstable packaging quality, low production efficiency, and poor reliability that exist in existing traditional packaging methods for half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules.
[0008] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module.
[0009] A third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module.
[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:
[0011] This invention provides a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a first encapsulant layer, a solar cell layer, a second encapsulant layer, and a backsheet layer, wherein:
[0012] The battery cell layer is formed by connecting several half-cell TOPCon battery cells through interconnecting strips;
[0013] The first adhesive film layer is a POE adhesive film layer;
[0014] The second adhesive film layer is an EVA adhesive film layer.
[0015] Furthermore, the half-cell TOPCon solar cell is a cell of size M10 or G12.
[0016] Furthermore, the POE film layer includes POE resin, crosslinking sensitized polymer, initiator, and antioxidant;
[0017] Preferably, by weight, the POE film layer comprises 50-75 parts of POE resin, 15-40 parts of crosslinking sensitized polymer, 0.1-0.5 parts of initiator, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant.
[0018] Furthermore, the EVA film layer includes EVA resin, tackifying resin, antioxidant, and coupling agent;
[0019] Preferably, by weight, the EVA film layer comprises 35-60 parts of EVA resin, 25-45 parts of tackifying resin, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, and 0.1-0.5 parts of coupling agent.
[0020] Furthermore, the antireflective coating layer comprises at least one of SiO2 or TiO2 materials;
[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the antireflective coating is 10–50 nm.
[0022] Furthermore, the backsheet layer is a composite backsheet, comprising a polyvinyl fluoride layer and a glass fiber layer;
[0023] Preferably, the thickness of the backing layer is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
[0024] This invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the method comprising:
[0025] S1: Coat the glass layer with an anti-reflection film, and then attach the first adhesive film layer to the anti-reflection film to obtain intermediate A;
[0026] S2: The battery cell layer is bonded to the first adhesive film layer of intermediate A, then the second adhesive film layer is bonded to the other side of the battery cell layer, and then the backsheet layer is bonded to the second adhesive film layer to obtain intermediate B.
[0027] S3: Lamination of intermediate B yields a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module.
[0028] Furthermore, the antireflective coating slurry in S1 is mainly composed of silane, water, catalyst, initiator and stabilizer;
[0029] Preferably, the coating slurry comprises, by weight, 45-55 parts silane, 35-45 parts water, 0.01-0.1 parts catalyst, 0.1-0.3 parts initiator and 0.5-0.8 parts stabilizer.
[0030] Furthermore, the lamination in S3 includes:
[0031] One chamber: 125℃ / 400s / 110s / -30kPa; Two chambers: 147℃ / 10s / 430s / -30kPa.
[0032] This invention provides an application of the above-mentioned half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module in the preparation of solar photovoltaic products.
[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0034] The present invention provides a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer, an anti-reflective film layer, a first encapsulating film layer, a cell layer, a second encapsulating film layer, and a backsheet layer, wherein: the cell layer is formed by connecting several half-cell TOPCon cells through interconnecting strips; the first encapsulating film layer is a POE encapsulating film layer, and the second encapsulating film layer is an EVA encapsulating film layer. The present invention, by employing a double-layer encapsulating film structure of POE and EVA encapsulating film layers, effectively improves the encapsulation quality and anti-PID performance of the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module; simultaneously, the introduction of the anti-reflective film layer significantly improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module, thereby effectively solving the problems of unstable encapsulation quality, low production efficiency, and poor reliability existing in the encapsulation of half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules using traditional encapsulation methods.
[0035] The present invention provides a method for preparing a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the method comprising: S1, coating an anti-reflection film layer on the surface of a glass layer, and then bonding a first adhesive film layer onto the anti-reflection film layer to obtain an intermediate body A; S2, bonding a solar cell layer onto the first adhesive film layer of intermediate body A, then bonding a second adhesive film layer onto the other side of the solar cell layer, and then bonding a backsheet layer onto the second adhesive film layer to obtain an intermediate body B; S3, laminating intermediate body B to obtain a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module. The above preparation method has the technical advantages of simple processing and ease of operation.
[0036] The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module provided by this invention can be widely used in the preparation of solar photovoltaic products. Attached Figure Description
[0037] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0039] Icons: 1-Glass layer; 2-Antireflective coating layer; 3-First adhesive film layer; 4-Battery cell layer; 5-Second adhesive film layer; 6-Backsheet layer. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] According to one aspect of the present invention, a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0042] The battery cell layer 4 is composed of several half-cell TOPCon battery cells connected by interconnecting strips;
[0043] The first adhesive film layer 3 is a POE adhesive film layer;
[0044] The second adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA adhesive film layer.
[0045] The present invention provides a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein: the cell layer 4 is formed by connecting several half-cell TOPCon cells through interconnecting strips; the first encapsulant layer 3 is a POE encapsulant layer; and the second encapsulant layer 5 is an EVA encapsulant layer. The present invention, by employing a double-layer encapsulant structure of POE and EVA encapsulant layers, effectively improves the encapsulation quality and anti-PID performance of the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module; simultaneously, the introduction of the anti-reflective film layer 2 significantly improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module, thereby effectively solving the problems of unstable encapsulation quality, low production efficiency, and poor reliability existing in the encapsulation of half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules using conventional encapsulation methods.
[0046] Note: Anti-PID performance refers to the ability of photovoltaic modules to resist potential-induced degradation (PID) during long-term operation.
[0047] Specifically, half-cell modules may generate high internal stress during operation. This application addresses this by placing a POE encapsulant layer between the glass layer 1 and the cell layer 4. The high elasticity of POE effectively alleviates these stresses, reduces the risk of encapsulation material cracking, and improves module reliability. Furthermore, by separately placing POE and EVA encapsulant layers on both sides of the cell layer 4, this application enables the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module to remain stable at high temperatures, preventing aging and delamination of the encapsulation material and ensuring efficient power generation.
[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the half-cell TOPCon battery is a battery cell of size M10 or G12.
[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module of the present invention can be applied to conventional half-cell TOPCon cells of M10 or G12 size, and has the advantage of strong compatibility.
[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the POE film layer comprises POE resin, crosslinking sensitized polymer, initiator and antioxidant;
[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the POE resin has a molecular weight of 60,000 and a melt index of 14 g / 10 min.
[0052] The crosslinking sensitized polymer is one of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or polyamide (PA);
[0053] The initiator is one of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), benzoyl peroxide (BPO), or tert-butyl peroxide (TBPO);
[0054] The antioxidant is one of antioxidant 1010 (multi-hindered phenolic antioxidant), antioxidant 168 (dilauryl thiodipropionate), or antioxidant 330 (triphenyl phosphite).
[0055] Preferably, the POE film layer comprises, by weight, 55 parts POE resin, 20 parts crosslinking sensitized polymer, 0.5 parts initiator, and 0.5 parts antioxidant.
[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the EVA film layer comprises EVA resin, tackifying resin, antioxidant, and coupling agent;
[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the EVA resin has a molecular weight of 20,000, a melt index of 15 g / 10 min, and a VA content of 28%.
[0058] The tackifying resin is one of C5 petroleum resin, C9 petroleum resin, coumarone resin, rosin resin, or polyester resin.
[0059] The antioxidant is one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 168, antioxidant B215 or antioxidant B225;
[0060] The coupling agent is one of the following: silane coupling agent (such as KH-550, KH-560), titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, zirconium coupling agent, or organozirconium coupling agent.
[0061] Preferably, the EVA film layer comprises 40 parts of EVA resin, 30 parts of tackifying resin, 2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.5 parts of coupling agent by weight.
[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antireflective coating layer 2 comprises at least one of SiO2 or TiO2 materials;
[0063] Preferably, the thickness of the antireflective coating 2 is 10–50 nm.
[0064] In a preferred embodiment, an excessively thick antireflective coating 2 (greater than 50 nm) may cause a phase change in the reflected light, resulting in mutual reinforcement of reflected light, increasing reflectivity, and reducing the amount of transmitted light. An excessively thick coating may also increase internal stress, affecting adhesion and causing the coating to detach during use, thus impacting the module's lifespan. Conversely, an excessively thin coating (less than 10 nm) cannot effectively reduce reflection, resulting in still high reflectivity and minimal improvement in transmittance. Furthermore, an excessively thin coating is more susceptible to damage from environmental factors, affecting the module's long-term performance.
[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the back sheet layer 6 is a composite back sheet, comprising a polyvinyl fluoride layer and a glass fiber layer;
[0066] Preferably, the thickness of the backplate layer 6 is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module of the present invention includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a solar cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0068] The thickness of the glass layer 1 is 3 to 3.5 mm;
[0069] The thickness of the antireflective coating 2 is 10–50 nm;
[0070] The first adhesive film layer 3 is a POE adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the POE adhesive film is 0.5 to 1.0 mm;
[0071] The thickness of the battery cell layer 4 is 0.1–0.15 mm;
[0072] The second adhesive film layer 5 is typically 0.3–0.8 mm thick.
[0073] The thickness of the backplate layer 6 is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
[0074] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the above-mentioned half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the method comprising:
[0075] S1: Coat the surface of glass layer 1 with antireflective film layer 2, and then attach the first adhesive film layer 3 to the antireflective film layer 2 to obtain intermediate A;
[0076] S2: The battery cell layer 4 is attached to the first adhesive film layer 3 of the intermediate body A, and then the second adhesive film layer 5 is attached to the other side of the battery cell layer 4. Then the back sheet layer 6 is attached to the second adhesive film layer 5 to obtain the intermediate body B.
[0077] S3: Lamination of intermediate B yields a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module.
[0078] The present invention provides a method for preparing a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the method comprising: S1, coating an anti-reflection film layer 2 on the surface of a glass layer 1, and then bonding a first adhesive film layer 3 onto the anti-reflection film layer 2 to obtain an intermediate body A; S2, bonding a solar cell layer 4 onto the first adhesive film layer 3 of the intermediate body A, then bonding a second adhesive film layer 5 onto the other side of the solar cell layer 4, and then bonding a backsheet layer 6 onto the second adhesive film layer 5 to obtain an intermediate body B; S3, laminating the intermediate body B to obtain a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module. The above preparation method has the technical advantages of simple processing and ease of operation.
[0079] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antireflective coating layer 2 coating slurry in S1 is mainly composed of silane, water, catalyst, initiator and stabilizer;
[0080] Preferably, the coating slurry comprises, by weight, 45-55 parts silane, 35-45 parts water, 0.01-0.1 parts catalyst, 0.1-0.3 parts initiator and 0.5-0.8 parts stabilizer.
[0081] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lamination in S3 includes: a first cavity at 125°C / 400s / 110s / -30kPa; and a second cavity at 147°C / 10s / 430s / -30kPa.
[0082] Specifically, the cavity (a laminated cavity):
[0083] 1. Function: The first cavity is mainly used for the initial lamination process, and its main function is to initially press the component materials (such as glass, EVA, battery cells, backsheet, etc.) together.
[0084] 2. Process flow:
[0085] Vacuuming: Expel air and impurities from the components to ensure a tight fit of the materials.
[0086] Heating: The component is heated by a heating system, causing the EVA material to begin to melt.
[0087] Applying pressure: Applying a certain amount of pressure to initially bond the materials together.
[0088] The two cavities (laminated two-section cavities):
[0089] 1. Function: The two chambers are used for further lamination and curing to ensure the high quality and stability of the components.
[0090] 2. Process flow:
[0091] Continue heating: Heat further at a higher temperature to completely melt and solidify the EVA.
[0092] Pressurization: Apply greater pressure to ensure that the layers of the component are tightly bonded together to form a stable encapsulation structure.
[0093] Cooling: Gradually reduce the temperature to allow the components to cool and set.
[0094] The present invention uses a first-chamber heating temperature of 125°C, a vacuuming time of 400s, a lamination time of 110s, and a pressurization pressure of -30Kpa. The second-chamber heating temperature is 147°C, the vacuuming time is 10s, the lamination time is 430s, and the pressurization pressure is -30Kpa.
[0095] According to one aspect of the present invention, an application of the above-mentioned half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module in the manufacture of solar photovoltaic products.
[0096] The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module provided by this invention can be widely used in the preparation of solar photovoltaic products.
[0097] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.
[0098] Example 1
[0099] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0100] See Figure 1 A half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0101] The thickness of the glass layer 1 is 3.2 mm;
[0102] The thickness of the antireflective coating 2 is 30 nm;
[0103] The first adhesive film layer 3 is a POE adhesive film layer with a thickness of 0.8 mm;
[0104] The thickness of the battery cell layer 4 is 0.13 mm;
[0105] The second adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the EVA film is generally 0.5mm;
[0106] Backing layer 6 is a composite backing layer, consisting of a polyvinyl fluoride layer and a fiberglass layer; the thickness of backing layer 6 is 0.3 mm.
[0107] The method for preparing the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes:
[0108] (1) Apply an antireflective coating slurry to the surface of glass layer 1, then heat to 40-60℃ to accelerate drying for 10-60 minutes, and then apply it to a UV environment with an intensity of 100-1000 mW / cm. 2 Curing under ultraviolet light for 10-60 seconds yields antireflective film layer 2;
[0109] After curing, the surface is wiped with ethanol for 1-5 minutes to remove contaminants. The thickness and uniformity of the film are checked using a film thickness measuring instrument and an optical microscope. The thickness of the antireflective film 2 is 30 nm.
[0110] The antireflective coating slurry, by weight, comprises: 50 parts silane, 40 parts water, 0.06 parts dimethylaniline, 0.2 parts benzophenone derivative, and 0.6 parts hydroquinone.
[0111] (2) The first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer) is bonded (directly attached to the film layer) onto the antireflection film layer 2 to obtain intermediate A;
[0112] The preparation method of the first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer) includes:
[0113] Calculated by mass parts, 55 parts of POE resin (molecular weight 60,000, melt index 14g / 10min), 20 parts of polyethylene, 0.5 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1010 were added to a mixer at 90℃ and 460r / min for 2 hours, then the mixture was stirred. After that, a film was formed and allowed to stand for 8-12 hours to obtain the POE film layer.
[0114] The thickness of the POE film is 0.8 mm.
[0115] (3) The battery cell layer 4 is attached to the first adhesive film layer 3 of the intermediate body A, and then the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer) is attached to the other side of the battery cell layer 4. Then the back sheet layer 6 is attached to the second adhesive film layer 5 to obtain the intermediate body B.
[0116] The preparation method of the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer) includes:
[0117] The EVA film layer, comprising 55 parts of EVA resin (molecular weight 20,000, melt index 15 g / 10 min), 20 parts of polyester resin, 0.5 parts of silane coupling agent (KH-550), and 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1076, was added to a mixer at a temperature of 90℃ and a speed of 460 r / min for 2 hours. The mixture was then formed into a film and allowed to stand for 8–12 hours to obtain the EVA film layer.
[0118] The thickness of the EVA film layer is 0.5 mm.
[0119] (4) Lamination of intermediate B yields half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module.
[0120] The lamination scheme is as follows:
[0121] First, the first and second chambers of the laminator are heated to 125°C and 147°C respectively to ensure uniform heating.
[0122] Then, the first and second chambers of the laminator apply a set pressure of -30 kPa to the assembly to fully fuse the materials of each layer.
[0123] Finally, the first and second chambers are held at the set temperature and pressure for 110s and 430s respectively to ensure that the adhesive film is completely melted and the layers are bonded.
[0124] Example 2
[0125] A half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a solar cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0126] The thickness of the glass layer 1 is 3.0 mm;
[0127] The thickness of the antireflective coating 2 is 10 nm;
[0128] The first adhesive film layer 3 is a POE adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the POE adhesive film is 0.5 mm;
[0129] The thickness of the battery cell layer 4 is 0.1 mm;
[0130] The second adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the EVA film is generally 0.3mm;
[0131] Backing layer 6 is a composite backing layer, consisting of a polyvinyl fluoride layer and a fiberglass layer; the thickness of backing layer 6 is 0.2 mm.
[0132] Except for the thickness of each layer in the photovoltaic module, this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
[0133] The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module in this embodiment was prepared by referring to the preparation method in Example 1.
[0134] Example 3
[0135] A half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a solar cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0136] The thickness of the glass layer 1 is 3.5 mm;
[0137] The thickness of the antireflective coating 2 is 50 nm;
[0138] The first adhesive film layer 3 is a POE adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the POE adhesive film is 1.0 mm;
[0139] The thickness of the battery cell layer 4 is 0.15 mm;
[0140] The second adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA adhesive film layer, and the thickness of the EVA film is generally 0.8mm;
[0141] Backing layer 6 is a composite backing layer, consisting of a polyvinyl fluoride layer and a fiberglass layer; the thickness of backing layer 6 is 0.5 mm.
[0142] Except for the thickness of each layer in the photovoltaic module, this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
[0143] The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module in this embodiment was prepared by referring to the preparation method in Example 1.
[0144] Comparative Example 1
[0145] This comparative example is the same as Example 1 except that the POE adhesive film layer of the first adhesive film layer 3 is replaced with an EVA adhesive film layer.
[0146] This comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first EVA encapsulant layer, a solar cell layer 4, a second EVA encapsulant layer, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0147] The glass layer 1 is the same as in Example 1;
[0148] The antireflective coating layer 2 is the same as in Example 1;
[0149] The first EVA film layer has an EVA film thickness of 1.0 mm;
[0150] The battery cell layer 4 is the same as in Example 1;
[0151] The second EVA film layer has an EVA film thickness of 0.8 mm;
[0152] The backplate layer 6 is the same as in Embodiment 1.
[0153] The comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module was prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1.
[0154] Comparative Example 2
[0155] This comparative example is the same as Example 1, except that the second adhesive film layer 5 is replaced with a POE adhesive film layer instead of an EVA adhesive film layer.
[0156] This comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first POE encapsulant layer, a cell layer 4, a second POE encapsulant layer, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0157] The glass layer 1 is the same as in Example 1;
[0158] The antireflective coating layer 2 is the same as in Example 1;
[0159] The first POE film layer has an EVA film thickness of 1.0 mm;
[0160] The battery cell layer 4 is the same as in Example 1;
[0161] The second POE film layer has an EVA film thickness of 0.8 mm;
[0162] The backplate layer 6 is the same as in Embodiment 1.
[0163] The comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module was prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1.
[0164] Comparative Example 3
[0165] This comparative example is the same as Example 1 except that it does not include the first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer);
[0166] This comparative example of a half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a solar cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0167] The thicknesses of the glass layer 1, antireflective film layer 2, battery cell layer 4, second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer), and backsheet layer 6 are the same as in Example 1.
[0168] The method for preparing the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes:
[0169] (1) Same as Example 1;
[0170] (2) The battery cell layer 4 is attached to the anti-reflection film layer 2, and then the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer) is attached to the other side of the battery cell layer 4. Then the back sheet layer 6 is attached to the second adhesive film layer 5 to obtain intermediate body B.
[0171] The preparation method of the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer) is the same as in Example 1;
[0172] (3) Same as Example 1.
[0173] The comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module was prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1.
[0174] Comparative Example 4
[0175] This comparative example is the same as Example 1 except that it does not include the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer);
[0176] This comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant film layer 3, a solar cell layer 4, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein:
[0177] The thicknesses of the glass layer 1, antireflective film layer 2, first adhesive film layer 3, battery cell layer 4, and backsheet layer 6 are the same as in Example 1.
[0178] The method for preparing the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes:
[0179] (1) Same as Example 1;
[0180] (2) Same as Example 1;
[0181] (3) The battery cell layer 4 is attached to the first adhesive film layer 3 of the intermediate A, and then the back sheet layer 6 is attached to the battery cell layer 4 to obtain the intermediate B.
[0182] (4) Same as Example 1.
[0183] The comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module was prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1.
[0184] Comparative Example 5
[0185] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example uses a technical solution in which POE film layer and EVA film layer are added as composite layers.
[0186] This comparative half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, an anti-reflective film layer 2, a first encapsulant layer 3, a second encapsulant layer 5, a cell layer 4, and a backsheet layer 6, wherein the thickness of each layer is the same as in Example 1;
[0187] The method for preparing the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes:
[0188] (1) Same as Example 1;
[0189] (2) The first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer) is attached to the anti-reflection film layer 2, and then the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer) is attached to the first adhesive film layer 3.
[0190] The first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer) and the second adhesive film layer 5 (EVA adhesive film layer) are the same as in Example 1;
[0191] (3) The battery cell layer 4 is attached to the second adhesive film layer 5, and then the back sheet layer 6 is attached to the second adhesive film layer 5 to obtain intermediate B.
[0192] (4) Same as Example 1.
[0193] The comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module was prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1.
[0194] Comparative Example 6
[0195] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not include the antireflective coating layer 2.
[0196] This comparative example half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 1, a first encapsulant layer 3, a cell layer 4, a second encapsulant layer 5, and a backsheet layer 6.
[0197] The thicknesses of the glass layer 1, the first adhesive layer 3 (POE adhesive layer), the battery cell layer 4, the second adhesive layer 5 (EVA adhesive layer), and the backsheet layer 6 are the same as in Example 1.
[0198] The method for preparing the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module includes:
[0199] (1) The first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer) is bonded to the glass layer 1 to obtain intermediate A;
[0200] The preparation method of the first adhesive film layer 3 (POE adhesive film layer) is the same as in Example 1;
[0201] (2) Same as step (3) in Example 1;
[0202] (3) Same as step (4) in Example 1.
[0203] Comparative Example 7
[0204] Commercially available TOPCon bifacial module 210R (700Wp).
[0205] Experimental Example 1
[0206] To demonstrate that the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules prepared in this application have the technical advantages of high encapsulation quality and strong anti-PID performance, the performance of the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 is tested.
[0207] The specific testing methods are as follows:
[0208] Encapsulation quality: The degree of cross-linking of the encapsulation film is assessed using infrared spectroscopy or chemical testing methods. A tensile tester is used to test the peel strength between the encapsulation material and the glass or solar cell.
[0209] Anti-PID performance: An IV tester is used to evaluate the power loss of photovoltaic modules due to potential-induced degradation (PID) during long-term operation. Regarding photoelectric conversion efficiency, the output power of the modules is tested under standard illumination and temperature conditions. The photoelectric conversion efficiency and power error of the modules are calculated.
[0210] The specific test results are as follows:
[0211]
[0212] As shown in the table above, the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules prepared in Examples 1-3 of this application have better encapsulation quality, wherein: EVA crosslinking degree 85% peel strength: 110-130 N / cm; POE crosslinking degree 85% peel strength: 110-130 N / cm; and excellent anti-PID performance and photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, the half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules of this application effectively improve the encapsulation quality, anti-PID performance, and photoelectric conversion efficiency of existing half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic modules.
[0213] Compared to embodiments 1-3 of this application, the implementation of Comparative Example 1, which "replaces the POE film layer of the first encapsulant layer 3 with an EVA film layer," results in poor PID resistance of the module, easy aging of the dual EVA combination, and low conversion efficiency. The implementation of Comparative Example 2, which "replaces the EVA film layer of the second encapsulant layer 5 with a POE film layer," results in higher module processing difficulty and cost. The implementation of Comparative Example 3, which "does not include a POE film layer," results in poor PID resistance of the module, easy yellowing of the single-layer EVA combination, reduced module efficiency, narrow applicability, and a tendency for microcracks and breakage defects. The implementation of Comparative Example 4, which "does not include an EVA film layer," results in higher module processing difficulty, easy film slippage, high processing cost, and a tendency for microcracks and breakage defects. The implementation of Comparative Example 5, which "uses a POE film layer and an EVA film layer as a composite layer," results in higher module processing difficulty and cost, and the large polarity difference between EVA and POE leads to insufficient interlayer bonding, affecting encapsulation reliability. In Comparative Example 6, the embodiment "without antireflective coating layer 2" has low light transmittance and high reflectivity, which reduces photoelectric conversion efficiency and results in poor appearance. In Comparative Example 7, the embodiment of the commercially available TOPCon bifacial module 210R (700Wp) has high module processing costs and is difficult to process.
[0214] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A half-cut TOPCon photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module comprises, from top to bottom, a glass layer (1), an anti-reflection film layer (2), a first adhesive film layer (3), a cell layer (4), a second adhesive film layer (5), and a backboard layer (6), wherein: The cell layer (4) is formed by connecting a plurality of half TOPCon cell pieces through interconnection strips. The first adhesive film layer (3) is a POE adhesive film layer. The second adhesive film layer (5) is an EVA adhesive film layer.
2. The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The half TOPCon cell piece comprises one of an M10 cell piece or a G12 cell piece.
3. The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The POE adhesive film layer comprises POE resin, cross-linking sensitized polymer, initiator, and antioxidant; Preferably, the POE adhesive film layer comprises, in terms of mass fraction, 50-75 parts of POE resin, 15-40 parts of cross-linking sensitized polymer, 0.1-0.5 parts of initiator, and 0.5 parts of antioxidant.
4. The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The EVA adhesive film layer comprises EVA resin, tackifying resin, antioxidant, and coupling agent; Preferably, the EVA adhesive film layer comprises, in terms of mass fraction, 35-60 parts of EVA resin, 25-45 parts of tackifying resin, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, and 0.1-0.5 parts of coupling agent.
5. The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-reflection film layer (2) comprises at least one of SiO2 or TiO2 material; Preferably, the thickness of the anti-reflection film layer (2) is 10-50 nm.
6. The half-cell TOPCon photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backboard layer (6) is a composite backboard comprising a polyvinyl fluoride layer and a glass fiber layer; Preferably, the thickness of the backboard layer (6) is 0.2-0.5 mm.
7. A method for producing a half- TOPCon photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The preparation method comprises: S1: coating the anti-reflection film layer (2) on the surface of the glass layer (1), and then adhering the first adhesive film layer (3) on the anti-reflection film layer (2) to obtain an intermediate A; S2: adhering the cell layer (4) on the first adhesive film layer (3) of the intermediate A, and then adhering the second adhesive film layer (5) on the other side of the cell layer (4), and then adhering the backboard layer (6) on the second adhesive film layer (5) to obtain an intermediate B; S3: laminating the intermediate B to obtain a half TOPCon photovoltaic module.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: The raw materials of the coating slurry of the anti-reflection film layer (2) in S1 comprise silane, water, catalyst, initiator, and stabilizer; Preferably, the coating slurry comprises, in terms of mass fraction, 45-55 parts of silane, 35-45 parts of water, 0.01-0.1 parts of catalyst, 0.1-0.3 parts of initiator, and 0.5-0.8 parts of stabilizer.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: The lamination in S3 comprises: One cavity 125℃ / 400s / 110s / -30kpa; Two cavities 147℃ / 10s / 430s / -30kpa.
10. Use of the half TOPCon photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-6 in the preparation of a solar photovoltaic product.