Display apparatus and method of manufacturing same

Abstract

The invention provides a display device and a method of manufacturing the same. The method includes: disposing a pixel defining film on a substrate; defining an opening overlapping the light emitting region in the pixel defining film; applying ink to each of a plurality of dripping points on an upper surface of a pixel defining film, the pixel defining film overlapping a non-emission area around the emission area; forming a barrier layer by curing the ink; and placing a light emitting element in the opening.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0075028, filed on June 10, 2024, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments of this disclosure described herein relate to display devices and methods of manufacturing display devices. Background Technology

[0004] Electronic devices such as smartphones, digital cameras, laptops, navigation systems, and / or smart TVs include display devices for presenting (displaying) images to a user. The display device generates images and provides the generated images to the user via a screen.

[0005] Recently, display devices incorporating light conversion layers have been developed to improve color purity. These light conversion layers are arranged on pixels and convert the light generated by the pixels into light of different wavelengths. Each of the light conversion layers is arranged (positioned) to overlap with a corresponding pixel selected from the pixels. The light conversion layer includes quantum dots that change (convert) the wavelength of light.

[0006] Color matching accuracy is improved when light generated by a pixel is directed (provided) to the corresponding light conversion layer. However, color matching accuracy can be reduced if light generated by a pixel is directed (provided) to other (adjacent) light conversion layers (e.g., layers adjacent to the corresponding light conversion layer). Summary of the Invention

[0007] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to a display device having improved color matching rates and reduced manufacturing costs, and a method of manufacturing the display device. Further aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments presented in this disclosure.

[0008] According to one or more embodiments, a method of manufacturing a display device includes: disposing a pixel defining film on a substrate; defining an opening in the pixel defining film that overlaps with a light-emitting region; providing ink to each of a plurality of droplets on an upper surface of the pixel defining film, the pixel defining film overlapping with a non-light-emitting region surrounding the light-emitting region; forming a barrier layer by curing the ink; and disposing a light-emitting element to the opening.

[0009] According to one or more embodiments, a display device includes: a substrate including a light-emitting region and a non-light-emitting region surrounding the light-emitting region; a pixel defining film disposed on the substrate and overlapping the non-light-emitting region, the pixel defining film defining an opening overlapping the light-emitting region; a barrier layer disposed on the pixel defining film; and a light-emitting element disposed in the opening, wherein the upper surface of the pixel defining film is liquid-repellent, and a cross-section of the barrier layer cut in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the barrier layer has an upwardly convex curved surface.

[0010] According to one or more embodiments, a method of manufacturing a display device includes: disposing a pixel defining film on a substrate; defining an opening in the pixel defining film that overlaps with a light-emitting region; providing (applying) ink to each of a plurality of droplets defined on an upper surface of the pixel defining film, the pixel defining film overlapping a non-light-emitting region surrounding the light-emitting region; forming a barrier layer by curing the ink; disposing (placing) a light-emitting element in the opening; and disposing a quantum dot layer on the light-emitting element, wherein as the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel defining film increases, the thickness of the ink provided (applied) to each of the plurality of droplets decreases and diffuses further (more extensively) along the side of the light-emitting region. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The above and other objects and features of this disclosure will become apparent from a more detailed description of embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the display device shown.

[0014] Figure 3 It is shown Figure 2 The image shows a cross-sectional view of the display module.

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The plan view of the display panel is shown.

[0016] Figure 5 It is shown Figure 4 A view of a cross-section of any one of the pixels shown.

[0017] Figure 6 It is arranged in Figure 4 A plan view of the light-emitting elements and barrier layer in a portion of the display area of ​​the display panel shown.

[0018] Figure 7 It corresponds toFigure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the display module along line I-I'.

[0019] Figure 8 It is along Figure 6 The sectional view of line II-II' shown.

[0020] Figure 9 It is along Figure 6 The sectional view of line III-III' shown.

[0021] Figure 10 It is along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line IV-IV' shown.

[0022] Figure 11 It is along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line V-V' shown.

[0023] Figure 12 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line II-II' shown corresponds to another configuration of the first barrier layer.

[0024] Figure 13 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line IV-IV' shown corresponds to another configuration of the second barrier layer.

[0025] Figure 14 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line II-II' shown corresponds to another configuration of the first barrier layer.

[0026] Figure 15 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line III-III' shown corresponds to another configuration of the first barrier layer.

[0027] Figure 16 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line IV-IV' shown corresponds to another configuration of the second barrier layer.

[0028] Figure 17 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line V-V' shown corresponds to another configuration of the second barrier layer.

[0029] Figure 18 It is a diagram depicting the height of ink provided on the upper surface of the pixel-defined film based on the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defined film.

[0030] Figure 19This is a table showing the diffusion length of ink provided on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film based on the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film.

[0031] Figures 20A-20H This is a view illustrating a method for manufacturing a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 21 This is a view showing multiple droplets of ink in a method of manufacturing a display device when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy.

[0033] Figures 22A-22D It is used to describe the formation when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy. Figure 9 and Figure 11 A view showing the method of using the first and second barrier layers in a cross section.

[0034] Figures 23A-23D It shows the formation Figure 14 and Figure 16 A view showing the method of using the first and second barrier layers in a cross section.

[0035] Figure 24 This is a view showing multiple droplets of ink in a method of manufacturing a display device when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy.

[0036] Figures 25A-25D It is used to describe the formation when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy. Figure 15 and Figure 17 A view showing the method of using the first and second barrier layers in a cross section.

[0037] Figure 26A and Figure 26B Each is a view showing the configuration of a barrier layer according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 27 This is a view showing the configuration of a barrier layer according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 28 This is a view showing the configuration of a barrier layer according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0040] In this specification, the description that a first component (or area, layer, section, part, etc.) is "arranged" on a second component, "connected" to a second component, or "attached to" a second component means that the first component is directly arranged on the second component, directly connected to the second component, or directly attached to the second component, or that a third component is inserted between them.

[0041] The same reference numerals denote the same components. Furthermore, in order to effectively depict the technical content, the thickness, scale, and dimensions of the components are exaggerated in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The term "and / or" includes all combinations of one or more components that may be defined by the relevant configuration.

[0043] Although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe one or more suitable components, the components should not be limited by the terms. Terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context.

[0044] It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "connected to," "linked to," or "adjacent to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, directly connected to, directly linked to, or directly adjacent to another element or layer, or one or more intermediary elements or layers may exist. Conversely, when an element or layer is referred to as being "directly" on, directly connected to, directly linked to, or directly adjacent to another element or layer, there is no intermediary element or layer.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "below," "under," "above," and "above" are used to describe the relationships between the components shown in the accompanying drawings. Conceptually relative terms are described based on the directions shown in the drawings.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Furthermore, terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined herein.

[0047] It will be understood that the terms “include,” “comprise,” “have,” etc., specify the presence of the features, quantities, steps, operations, elements or components and / or any suitable combinations thereof described in the specification, and do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, steps, operations, elements or components and / or any suitable combinations thereof.

[0048] In the following description, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] refer to Figure 1 The display device DD may have a rectangular shape having a long side extending in a first direction DR1 and a short side extending in a second direction DR2 that intersects (e.g., crosses) the first direction DR1. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the display device DD may have one or more suitable shapes, such as circular shapes and / or polygonal shapes.

[0051] In the following text, the direction substantially orthogonal (e.g., perpendicular) to the plane defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 is defined as the third direction DR3. Furthermore, in this specification, the phrase "in the case of viewing on a plane (e.g., when viewed on a plane)" may be defined as the state of viewing from the third direction DR3 (in a plan view).

[0052] The upper surface of the display device DD can be defined as a display surface DS, and can have a plane defined by a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. The image generated by the display device DD can be provided to the user through the display surface DS.

[0053] The display surface DS may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA surrounding the display area DA. The display area DA displays an image, and the non-display area NDA does not display an image. The non-display area NDA may surround the display area DA (e.g., around the display area DA) and may define the display module DM (see [link to documentation]). Figure 2 The edges are printed with a set or predetermined color.

[0054] The display device DD can be used in large electronic devices such as televisions, monitors, or outdoor billboards. Furthermore, the display device DD can be used in small to medium-sized electronic devices such as personal computers (PCs), laptops, personal digital terminals, vehicle navigation systems, game consoles, smartphones, tablet PCs, or cameras. However, these are presented only as one or more embodiments, and the display device DD can be used in other electronic devices, provided that the other electronic devices do not depart from the concept of this disclosure.

[0055] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of the display device shown.

[0056] refer to Figure 2The display device DD may include a window WM, a display module DM, and a housing CAS. The window WM, the display module DM, and the housing CAS may have a rectangular shape, which has a long side extending in a first direction DR1 and a short side extending in a second direction DR2.

[0057] A window (WM) can be mounted on the display module (DM). The window (WM) can be optically transparent. For example, it can include glass, transparent plastic, etc. The window (WM) protects the display module (DM) from external impacts and scratches. The front surface of the window (WM) can correspond to the display surface (DS) of the display device (DD).

[0058] The front surface of the window WM may include a transmissive region TA and a border region BA surrounding the transmissive region TA. The transmissive region TA may transmit light. The border region BA may surround the transmissive region TA (e.g., around the transmissive region TA) and may be printed in a set or predetermined color to block light. The transmissive region TA may overlap with the display region DA, and the border region BA may overlap with the non-display region NDA. In this specification, the term "overlap" may be defined as the state in which components overlap each other when viewed on a plane (e.g., when viewed on a plane) (e.g., in a plan view).

[0059] The display module DM can be arranged between the window WM and the housing CAS. The display module DM may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA surrounding the display area DA. The non-display area NDA may surround the display area DA (e.g., around the display area DA). The display area DA and the non-display area NDA of the display module DM may respectively correspond to Figure 1 The diagram shows the display area DA and the non-display area NDA.

[0060] The display area DA can generate an image, while the non-display area NDA can not generate an image (e.g., the non-display area NDA can not be configured to generate an image). The image generated in the display area DA can be provided to an external user through the transmission area TA.

[0061] The display module DM may include a display panel DP and a light conversion unit LCP disposed on the display panel DP. In one or more embodiments, similar to the display module DM (e.g., the display panel DP may have a similar configuration to the display module DM), the display panel DP may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA disposed around and surrounding the display area DA. An image may be generated in the display area DA of the display panel DP. The non-display area NDA may not be exposed to the outside due to a border area BA. For example, the border area BA may be disposed on the surface of the non-display area NDA (e.g., covering the surface of the non-display area NDA) such that the non-display area NDA is not exposed.

[0062] In one or more embodiments, the display panel DP can be a light-emitting display panel. For example, the display panel DP can be an organic light-emitting display panel and / or an inorganic light-emitting display panel. The light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting display panel may include organic light-emitting materials. The light-emitting layer of an inorganic light-emitting display panel may include quantum dots and / or quantum rods. Hereinafter, the display panel DP will be described as an organic light-emitting display panel.

[0063] The light conversion unit (LCP) can receive light generated by the display panel (DP) and convert the color of the received light. Furthermore, the LCP can reduce the reflectivity of external light. This configuration will be described in more detail later.

[0064] The housing CAS can be arranged below and house the display module DM. For example, the shape of the housing CAS can correspond to the shape of the display module DM, allowing the display module DM to be placed inside the housing CAS. The housing CAS can absorb external impacts and block external foreign objects and moisture, thereby protecting the display module DM.

[0065] In one or more embodiments, the display device DD may further include an input sensing unit disposed between the display panel DP and the light conversion unit LCP. The input sensing unit may include multiple sensing units for sensing external inputs. The sensing units may sense the external inputs using a capacitive method.

[0066] In one or more embodiments, the input sensing unit can be directly fabricated on the display panel DP when it is manufactured. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the input sensing unit can be fabricated as a panel separate from the display panel DP, and can be attached to the display panel DP by an adhesive.

[0067] Figure 3 It is shown Figure 2 The image shows a cross-sectional view of the display module.

[0068] Figure 3 A cross section of the display module DM is shown when viewed in the first direction DR1 (e.g., when viewed in the first direction DR1).

[0069] refer to Figure 3 The display module DM may include a display panel DP, a light conversion unit LCP, filler FL, and / or sealant SAL. The light conversion unit LCP may be disposed on the display panel DP, and the filler FL and sealant SAL may be disposed between the light conversion unit LCP and the display panel DP.

[0070] The sealing element (SAL) can overlap with the non-display area (NDA) and can be positioned between the light conversion unit (LCP) and the display panel (DP). The LCP and DP can be connected (e.g., bonded) to each other via the sealing element (SAL). The sealing element (SAL) can contain a UV-curable material.

[0071] The filler element FL can overlap with the display area DA and can be disposed between the light conversion unit LCP and the display panel DP. The filler element FL can extend toward the non-display area NDA and can contact the sealant SAL. The filler element FL can include silicone, epoxy, and / or acrylic thermosetting materials.

[0072] The display panel DP may include a first substrate SUB1, a circuit element layer DP-CL, a display element layer DP-OL, and / or a thin film encapsulation layer TFE. The light conversion unit LCP may include a second substrate SUB2, a color filter layer CFL, and / or a light conversion layer LCL.

[0073] The second substrate SUB2 can be disposed on and facing the first substrate SUB1. The circuit element layer DP-CL, the display element layer DP-OL, the thin film encapsulation layer TFE, the color filter layer CFL, the light conversion layer LCL, the filler FL and / or the sealant SAL can be disposed between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2.

[0074] The first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 may each comprise glass and / or a flexible plastic material, such as polyimide (PI). When viewed in a planar manner (e.g., when viewed in a planar view), similar to a display panel DP (e.g., the first substrate SUB1 may have a similar...), Figure 2 The configuration of the display panel DP shown is such that the display panel DP may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA surrounding the display area DA, and the first substrate SUB1 may include the display area DA and the non-display area NDA surrounding the display area DA.

[0075] The circuit element layer DP-CL can be disposed on the first substrate SUB1. The display element layer DP-OL can be disposed on the circuit element layer DP-CL. The display element layer DP-OL can be disposed in the display area DA.

[0076] Multiple pixels can be arranged in the circuit element layer DP-CL and the display element layer DP-OL. Each of the multiple pixels may include a transistor arranged in the circuit element layer DP-CL and a light-emitting element arranged in the display element layer DP-OL and connected to the transistor. The pixel configuration will be described in more detail later.

[0077] A thin-film encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the circuit element layer (DP-CL) to cover the display element layer (DP-OL). The TFE can protect multiple pixels from moisture, oxygen, and / or external foreign matter.

[0078] The color filter layer CFL can be disposed below the second substrate SUB2. When viewed in a plane (e.g., in a planar view), the color filter layer CFL can overlap with the display area DA. A portion of the color filter layer CFL can overlap with the non-display area NDA.

[0079] The light conversion layer (LCL) can be disposed below the color filter layer (CFL). When viewed in a plane (e.g., in a planar view), the LCL can overlap with the display area (DA). A portion of the LCL can overlap with the non-display area (NDA).

[0080] The sealing element SAL can overlap with the non-display area NDA and can be disposed between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2. The first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 can be connected to each other (e.g., bonded) via the sealing element SAL. The sealing element SAL can be disposed between the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE and the color filter layer CFL. The sealing element SAL can be around the light conversion layer LCL (e.g., surrounding the light conversion layer LCL). The filler FL can overlap with the display area DA and can be disposed between the light conversion layer LCL and the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE.

[0081] The light generated in the display element layer DP-OL can be supplied to the light conversion layer LCL. The light conversion layer LCL can convert the color of the light supplied from the display element layer DP-OL. The light with converted color can be emitted to the outside through the color filter layer CFL and the second substrate SUB2.

[0082] The color filter layer (CFL) prevents or reduces the reflection of external light supplied to the display panel (DP). The function of the color filter layer (CFL) will be described in more detail later.

[0083] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The plan view of the display panel is shown.

[0084] refer to Figure 4 The display device DD may include a display panel DP, a scan driver SDV, multiple data drivers DDV, multiple flexible printed circuit boards FPCB and / or printed circuit boards PCB.

[0085] The display panel DP may have a rectangular shape, having a long side extending in a first direction DR1 and a short side extending in a second direction DR2. The display panel DP may include a plurality of pixels PX, a plurality of scan lines SL1 to SLm, and a plurality of data lines DL1 to DLn, where “m” and “n” are positive integers.

[0086] Multiple pixels (PX) can be arranged in the display area (DA). The scan driver (SDV) can be arranged in a non-display area (NDA) adjacent to one of the short sides of the display panel (DP). The data driver (DDV) can be arranged adjacent to the upper portion of the display panel (DP), which is defined as one of the long sides of the display panel (DP).

[0087] The printed circuit board (PCB) can be arranged adjacent to the upper portion of the display panel (DP). The PCB can be connected to the display panel (DP) via a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The FPCB can be connected to both the upper portion of the display panel (DP) and the PCB. The FPCB can be arranged on the first direction DR1.

[0088] The data driver DDV can be arranged on the first direction DR1. The data driver DDV can be manufactured as an integrated circuit chip and can be mounted separately on a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The data driver DDV can be connected to the display panel (DP) via the FPCB.

[0089] Scan lines SL1 to SLm can extend along the first direction DR1 and can be connected to multiple pixels PX and the scan driver SDV. Data lines DL1 to DLn can extend along the second direction DR2 in the display area DA and are connected to multiple pixels PX.

[0090] Data cables DL1 to DLn can extend to the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and connect to the data driver DDV. Figure 4 The diagram shows two data lines DL1 and DLn arranged on the far left and far right, respectively, and connected to the data drive DDV. However, in one or more embodiments, multiple data lines DL1 to DLn can be connected to the data drive DDV individually.

[0091] In one or more embodiments, the display device DD may include a timing controller for controlling the operation of the scan driver SDV and the data driver DDV. The timing controller may be manufactured as an integrated circuit chip and disposed on a printed circuit board PCB (e.g., mounted on a printed circuit board PCB).

[0092] The scan driver SDV can generate multiple scan signals, and these scan signals can be applied to multiple pixels PX via scan lines SL1 to SLm. The data driver DDV can generate multiple data voltages, and these data voltages can be applied to multiple pixels PX via data lines DL1 to DLn.

[0093] Multiple pixels (PX) can receive data voltages in response to a scan signal. Multiple pixels (PX) can display an image by emitting light with brightness corresponding to the data voltage.

[0094] Figure 5 It is shown Figure 4 A view of a cross-section of any one of the pixels shown.

[0095] refer to Figure 5 A pixel (PX) may include a transistor (TR) and a light-emitting element (OLED). The light-emitting element (OLED) may include a first electrode (AE) (e.g., anode), a second electrode (CE) (e.g., cathode), a hole control layer (HCL), an electron control layer (ECL), and / or a light-emitting layer (EML).

[0096] Transistors (TR) and light-emitting elements (OLEDs) can be arranged on the first substrate (SUB1). Figure 5 The image shows a transistor TR; however, in one or more embodiments, a pixel PX may include multiple transistors (e.g., multiple transistors TR) for driving the light-emitting element OLED and at least one capacitor.

[0097] The first substrate SUB1 may include a light-emitting region LA corresponding to each of the plurality of pixels PX and a non-light-emitting region NLA surrounding the light-emitting region LA. The light-emitting element OLED may overlap with the light-emitting region LA and may be disposed on the first substrate SUB1.

[0098] A buffer layer BFL can be disposed on a first substrate SUB1, and the buffer layer BFL can be an inorganic layer. A semiconductor pattern can be disposed on the buffer layer BFL. The semiconductor pattern can include polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, and / or metal oxide.

[0099] Semiconductor patterns can be doped with N-type or P-type dopants. Semiconductor patterns can include highly doped and lightly doped regions. The conductivity of highly doped regions is higher than that of lightly doped regions, and the highly doped regions can substantially serve as the source and drain electrodes of a transistor TR. The lightly doped regions can substantially correspond to the active region (or channel) of the transistor TR.

[0100] The source region S, active region A, and / or drain region D of transistor TR can be formed from a semiconductor pattern. A first insulating layer INS1 can be disposed on the semiconductor pattern. The gate G of transistor TR can be disposed on the first insulating layer INS1. A second insulating layer INS2 can be disposed on the gate G. A third insulating layer INS3 can be disposed on the second insulating layer INS2.

[0101] The connecting electrode CNE may include a first connecting electrode CNE1 and a second connecting electrode CNE2 to connect the transistor TR and the light-emitting element OLED. The first connecting electrode CNE1 may be disposed on the third insulating layer INS3 and may be connected to the drain region D through a first contact hole CH1 defined by the first insulating layer INS1 to the third insulating layer INS3 (e.g., formed by the first insulating layer INS1 to the third insulating layer INS3).

[0102] A fourth insulating layer INS4 can be disposed on the first connecting electrode CNE1. A fifth insulating layer INS5 can be disposed on the fourth insulating layer INS4. A second connecting electrode CNE2 can be disposed on the fifth insulating layer INS5. The second connecting electrode CNE2 can be connected to the first connecting electrode CNE1 through a second contact hole CH2 defined by the fourth insulating layer INS4 and the fifth insulating layer INS5.

[0103] The sixth insulating layer INS6 can be disposed on the second connection electrode CNE2. The layer from the buffer layer BFL to the sixth insulating layer INS6 can be defined as the circuit element layer DP-CL. The first insulating layer INS1 to the sixth insulating layer INS6 can be inorganic layers and / or organic layers.

[0104] The first electrode AE ​​can be disposed on the sixth insulating layer INS6. The first electrode AE ​​can be connected to the second connecting electrode CNE2 through the third contact hole CH3 defined by the sixth insulating layer INS6 (e.g., formed by the sixth insulating layer INS6).

[0105] A pixel-defining film (PDL) can be disposed on a first substrate (SUB1), and an opening (PX_OP) overlapping the light-emitting region (LA) can be defined within the pixel-defining film (PDL). More specifically, the pixel-defining film (PDL) can be disposed on a first electrode (AE) and a sixth insulating layer (INS6), and the opening (PX_OP) can expose a set or predetermined portion of the first electrode (AE). Therefore, the pixel-defining film (PDL) can be arranged to substantially overlap with the non-light-emitting region (NLA).

[0106] A barrier layer (BRL) can be disposed on a pixel-defining film (PDL). The barrier layer (BRL) can be in contact with the upper surface of the pixel-defining film (PDL). A more detailed configuration and function of the barrier layer (BRL) will be described later.

[0107] The hole control layer (HCL) can be disposed on the first electrode (AE), the pixel defining film (PDL), and the barrier layer (BRL). The HCL can also be disposed in the light-emitting region (LA) and the non-light-emitting region (NLA). The HCL may include a hole transport layer and / or a hole injection layer.

[0108] The luminescent layer (EML) can be disposed on the hole control layer (HCL). The EML can be disposed in the luminescent region (LA) and the non-luminescent region (NLA). The EML can include organic and / or inorganic materials. The EML can generate blue light.

[0109] The electronic control layer (ECL) can be disposed on the light-emitting layer (EML). The ECL may include an electron transport layer and / or an electron injection layer. The ECL can be disposed in both the light-emitting region (LA) and the non-light-emitting region (NLA).

[0110] The second electrode CE can be disposed on the electronic control layer ECL. The second electrode CE can be disposed in multiple pixels PX.

[0111] The portions of the first electrode AE ​​and the second electrode CE that overlap with the opening PX_OP, the portions of the light-emitting layer EML that overlap with the opening PX_OP, the portions of the hole control layer HCL that overlap with the opening PX_OP, and / or the portions of the electron control layer ECL that overlap with the opening PX_OP can be defined as light-emitting elements (OLEDs). The layer in which the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) are disposed can be defined as a display element layer DP-OL.

[0112] A thin-film encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the second electrode (CE) to cover the pixel (PX). The TFE can include two inorganic layers and an organic layer between the inorganic layers. The inorganic layers can protect the pixel (e.g., multiple pixels PX) from moisture and / or oxygen. The organic layer can protect the pixel PX from foreign matter such as dust particles.

[0113] A first voltage can be applied to the first electrode AE ​​via transistor TR, and a second voltage having a lower level than the first voltage can be applied to the second electrode CE. Holes and electrons injected into the light-emitting layer EML recombine with each other to form excitons, and when the excitons transition to the ground state, the light-emitting element OLED can emit light.

[0114] Figure 6 It is arranged in Figure 4 A plan view of the light-emitting elements and barrier layer in a portion of the display area of ​​the display panel shown.

[0115] Figure 6An OLED with light-emitting elements arranged in two rows and six columns is shown. The rows may correspond to (e.g., parallel to) a first direction DR1, and the columns may correspond to (e.g., parallel to) a second direction DR2.

[0116] refer to Figure 6 The light-emitting elements (OLEDs) can be arranged on the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. Each of the light-emitting elements in the OLED can correspond to... Figure 5 The image shows an OLED (Optical Display Panel). The planar shape of each OLED element can correspond to... Figure 5 The planar shape of the OLED light-emitting element is shown. The OLED light-emitting element can overlap with the light-emitting region LA.

[0117] Each of the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) may extend longer in the second direction DR2 than in the first direction DR1. Each of the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) may have a rectangular shape with rounded corners. For example, each of the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) may include two short sides extending parallel to each other in the first direction DR1, two long sides extending parallel to each other in the second direction DR2, and four rounded corners connecting the short sides and the long sides. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and each of the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) may have a square shape.

[0118] In the following text, the short side of the light-emitting element OLED is defined as the first side S1, and the long side of the light-emitting element OLED is defined as the second side S2. The length of each of the second sides S2 may be longer than the length of each of the first sides S1.

[0119] The pixel-defined film (PDL) can be disposed in the non-emitting region (NLA) and between the light-emitting elements (OLEDs). The PDL may include a plurality of extensions EX1 and EX2, which are adjacent to the first side S1 and the second side S2 and extend in a direction parallel to the first side S1 and the second side S2 (e.g., the first direction DR1 or the second direction DR2).

[0120] For example, a pixel-defined film (PDL) may include a first extension portion EX1 adjacent to a first side S1 and extending in a first direction DR1, and a second extension portion EX2 adjacent to a second side S2 and extending in a second direction DR2. The length of each of the second extension portions EX2 may be longer than the length of each of the first extension portions EX1.

[0121] The barrier layers BRL are configured as multiple barrier layers BRL, and the multiple barrier layers BRL can be arranged adjacent to the first side S1 and the second side S2 of the light-emitting region LA. The multiple barrier layers BRL can extend along the first side S1 and the second side S2 of the light-emitting region LA. The multiple barrier layers BRL can be arranged around the light-emitting region LA (e.g., surrounding the light-emitting region LA).

[0122] The plurality of barrier layers BRL may include a plurality of first barrier layers BRL1 disposed on the first extension EX1 and a plurality of second barrier layers BRL2 disposed on the second extension EX2. In the light-emitting region LA, the plurality of first barrier layers BRL1 and the plurality of second barrier layers BRL2 may be separated from each other and are adjacent to the first side S1 and the second side S2, respectively.

[0123] Multiple first barrier layers BRL1 may extend along a first direction DR1 and may be adjacent to a first side S1 respectively. Multiple second barrier layers BRL2 may extend along a second direction DR2 and may be adjacent to a second side S2 respectively. The length of each of the multiple second barrier layers BRL2 may be longer than the length of each of the multiple first barrier layers BRL1.

[0124] Multiple first barrier layers BRL1 can be arranged on the second direction DR2 and between adjacent light-emitting elements OLEDs along the second direction DR2. Multiple second barrier layers BRL2 can be arranged on the first direction DR1 and between adjacent light-emitting elements OLEDs along the first direction DR1.

[0125] Figure 7 It corresponds to Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the display module along line I-I'.

[0126] exist Figure 7 In the diagram, the circuit element layer DP-CL is shown as a single layer.

[0127] refer to Figure 7 The upper surface of the pixel-defining film (PDL) can have liquid-repellent properties. For example, the PDL may include a liquid-repellent layer (LR) with liquid-repellent properties, and the liquid-repellent layer (LR) may define the upper surface of the PDL. The liquid-repellent layer (LR) may contain a fluorine compound to have liquid-repellent properties.

[0128] Multiple barrier layers (BRLs) can be disposed on the upper surface of the pixel defining film (PDL). The multiple barrier layers (BRLs) can be in direct contact with the upper surface of the pixel defining film (PDL). The multiple barrier layers (BRLs) can be black.

[0129] Multiple barrier layers (BRLs) can have upwardly convex curved surfaces. Multiple barrier layers (BRLs) can be formed into an upwardly convex curved shape during the process due to the liquid-repellent properties of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film (PDL). This process will be described in more detail later.

[0130] The light conversion unit LCP can be arranged on the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE. The light conversion unit LCP can be attached to the upper surface of the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE through the filler FL.

[0131] The light-emitting region LA may include a first light-emitting region LA1, a second light-emitting region LA2, and a third light-emitting region LA3. A non-light-emitting region NLA may be disposed between the first light-emitting region LA1, the second light-emitting region LA2, and the third light-emitting region LA3. The light-emitting element OLED can generate a first light L1. In some embodiments, the first light L1 may be blue light.

[0132] The color filter layer CFL may include a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, a third color filter CF3, and a first insulating layer IL1. The light conversion layer LCL may include a first quantum dot layer QDL1, a second quantum dot layer QDL2, a light-transmitting layer LTL, a barrier layer BNK, and a second insulating layer IL2.

[0133] A first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF3 can be disposed beneath a second substrate SUB2. The first color filter CF1 can overlap with a first light-emitting region LA1, the second color filter CF2 can overlap with a second light-emitting region LA2, and the third color filter CF3 can overlap with a third light-emitting region LA3. The first color filter CF1 may include a red color filter. The second color filter CF2 may include a green color filter. The third color filter CF3 may include a blue color filter.

[0134] The first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3 can overlap with the non-luminescent region NLA. For example, in the non-luminescent region NLA, the third color filter CF3, the first color filter CF1, and the second color filter CF2 can be stacked downwards in sequence.

[0135] A third color filter CF3, overlapping with a non-luminous region NLA between the second luminous region LA2 and the third luminous region LA3, can extend from the third color filter CF3 overlapping with the third luminous region LA3. A first color filter CF1, overlapping with a non-luminous region NLA between the second luminous region LA2 and the third luminous region LA3, can be spaced apart from and / or separated from the first color filter CF1 overlapping with the first luminous region LA1 (e.g., spaced apart or separated) and arranged separately. A second color filter CF2, overlapping with a non-luminous region NLA between the second luminous region LA2 and the third luminous region LA3, can extend from the second color filter CF2 overlapping with the second luminous region LA2.

[0136] A third color filter CF3, overlapping with a non-emitting region NLA between the first emitting region LA1 and the second emitting region LA2, may be spaced apart from and / or separated from (e.g., spaced apart or separated from) the third color filter CF3 overlapping with the third emitting region LA3, and arranged separately. A first color filter CF1, overlapping with a non-emitting region NLA between the first emitting region LA1 and the second emitting region LA2, may extend from the first color filter CF1 overlapping with the first emitting region LA1. A second color filter CF2, overlapping with a non-emitting region NLA between the first emitting region LA1 and the second emitting region LA2, may extend from the second color filter CF2 overlapping with the second emitting region LA2.

[0137] The first insulating layer IL1 can be arranged below the first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3. The first insulating layer IL1 can be an inorganic layer or an organic layer. The dam layer BNK, the first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL can be arranged below the first insulating layer IL1.

[0138] The opening OP, in which the first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL are arranged, can be confined within the dam layer BNK. The opening OP can overlap with the first emitting region LA1, the second emitting region LA2, and the third emitting region LA3. The dam layer BNK can overlap with the non-emitting region NLA. The dam layer BNK can be black. The first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL can be arranged within the opening OP.

[0139] The first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL can overlap with the first light-emitting region LA1, the second light-emitting region LA2, and the third light-emitting region LA3, respectively. The first quantum dot layer QDL1 can overlap with the first light-emitting region LA1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2 can overlap with the second light-emitting region LA2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL can overlap with the third light-emitting region LA3. Therefore, the first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL can be disposed on the light-emitting element OLED and can overlap with the light-emitting element OLED.

[0140] The second insulating layer IL2 can be disposed below the dam layer BNK, the first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL. The filler FL can be disposed between the second insulating layer IL2 and the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE.

[0141] The display module DM may also include multiple post spacers CS. The post spacers CS may be arranged below the second insulating layer IL2. The filler FL may be arranged below the second insulating layer IL2 to cover the post spacers CS.

[0142] The first light L1 generated by the OLED can be provided to the first quantum dot layer QDL1, the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and the light-transmitting layer LTL. The first light L1 generated by the OLED overlapping the first emitting region LA1 can be provided to the first quantum dot layer QDL1, and the first light L1 generated by the OLED overlapping the second emitting region LA2 can be provided to the second quantum dot layer QDL2. The first light L1 generated by the OLED overlapping the third emitting region LA3 can be provided to the light-transmitting layer LTL.

[0143] The first quantum dot layer QDL1 can convert first light L1 into second light L2. The second quantum dot layer QDL2 can convert first light L1 into third light L3. In some embodiments, the second light L2 can be red light, and the third light L3 can be green light. The first quantum dot layer QDL1 may include first quantum dots, and the second quantum dot layer QDL2 may include second quantum dots. The light-transmitting layer LTL may include light-scattering particles for scattering light.

[0144] The first quantum dot can convert a first light L1 with a blue wavelength band into a second light L2 with a red wavelength band. The second quantum dot can convert the first light L1 with a blue wavelength band into a third light L3 with a green wavelength band. The first and second quantum dots can scatter the second light L2 and the third light L3. The light-transmitting layer LTL can transmit the first light L1 without performing a light conversion operation. The light-transmitting layer LTL can output light by scattering the first light L1 through light-scattering particles.

[0145] The first quantum dot layer QDL1 can output a second light L2, the second quantum dot layer QDL2 can output a third light L3, and the light-transmitting layer LTL can output a first light L1. Therefore, a set or predetermined image can be displayed by displaying the red second light L2, the green third light L3, and the blue first light L1.

[0146] A portion of the first light L1 may not be converted by the first quantum dot, may pass through the first quantum dot layer QDL1, and may be provided to the first color filter CF1. For example, there may be a first light L1 that does not contact the first quantum dot and therefore does not convert into the second light L2. The first color filter CF1 may block light of other colors. The first light L1 that is not converted by the first quantum dot layer QDL1 may be blocked by the first color filter CF1 with a red color filter and may not be output to the upper side.

[0147] A portion of the first light L1 may not be converted by the second quantum dot, may pass through the second quantum dot layer QDL2, and may be provided to the second color filter CF2. For example, there may be a first light L1 that does not come into contact with the second quantum dot and therefore does not convert into the third light L3. The second color filter CF2 can block light of other colors. The first light L1 that is not converted by the second quantum dot layer QDL2 can be blocked by the second color filter CF2 with a green color filter and may not be output to the upper side.

[0148] External light can be directed toward the display device (DD). When external light is reflected by the display panel (DP) and directed back to the external user, the user can visually perceive the external light, much like a mirror.

[0149] The first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3 can prevent or reduce the reflection of external light. For example, the first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3 can filter external light into red, green, and blue light. For example, the first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3 can filter external light into light with the same color as the second light L2, the third light L3, and the first light L1. In this case, the external light may not be visually perceptible to the user.

[0150] The black dam layer (BNK) can shield unwanted light in the non-luminescent area (NLA). For example, the dam layer (BNK) can prevent or reduce color mixing between the first ray (L1), the second ray (L2), and the third ray (L3) in the non-luminescent area (NLA).

[0151] The pillar spacer CS maintains the gap between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2. The gap between the upper and lower surfaces of the display module DM can also be maintained by the pillar spacer CS.

[0152] Each of the plurality of barrier layers BRLs can shield the first light L1 propagating from each of the light-emitting elements OLEDs in the lateral direction (e.g., the barrier layer BRL can prevent the first light L1 from propagating in a direction opposite to the propagation direction of the first light L1, which propagates from the light-emitting element OLED, in the absence of the barrier layer BRL). When the plurality of barrier layers BRLs are not disposed on the pixel defining film PDL (e.g., when the plurality of barrier layers BRLs are not disposed on the pixel defining film PDL), the following can occur.

[0153] As indicated by the diagonal dotted arrow, the first light L1 generated by the OLED light-emitting element overlapping the second light-emitting region LA2 can propagate in the third direction DR3, but a portion of the first light L1 can propagate in the lateral direction (e.g., in the absence of the barrier layer BRL, in a direction opposite to the propagation direction of the first light L1 propagating from the OLED light-emitting element). The portion of the first light L1 propagating in the lateral direction can be provided to the first quantum dot layer QDL1, which is adjacent to the second light-emitting region LA2 and overlaps with the first light-emitting region LA1.

[0154] The first light L1 generated by the OLED light-emitting element overlapping the second light-emitting region LA2 should be provided to the second quantum dot layer QDL2. However, a portion of the first light L1 is provided to the first quantum dot layer QDL1, and thus an undesirable light conversion operation can be performed. In this case, the color matching rate can be reduced. The color matching rate can be defined as a measure of how much the color displayed by the display device DD matches the actual color.

[0155] In one or more embodiments of this disclosure, as indicated by the bold diagonal arrows, a plurality of barrier layers (BRLs) can block the first light L1 propagating from the light-emitting element OLED in the lateral direction (e.g., a direction opposite to the propagation direction of the first light L1 propagating from the light-emitting element OLED in the absence of barrier layers). Therefore, unwanted light conversion operations can be prevented or reduced, and thus color matching efficiency can be improved.

[0156] In other words, each barrier layer (BRL) prevents or reduces the lateral propagation of the first light L1 from the OLED light-emitting element. Without these barrier layers (BRL), the first light L1 from the OLED light-emitting element in the second light-emitting region (LA2) can propagate laterally and reach the adjacent quantum dot layer, causing unwanted light conversion and reducing the color matching rate. The color matching rate indicates how accurately the color displayed by the display device (DD) matches the actual color. By blocking the lateral propagation of light, the barrier layers (BRL) improve the color matching rate by preventing or reducing unwanted light conversion.

[0157] Figure 8It is along Figure 6 The sectional view of line II-II' shown. Figure 9 It is along Figure 6 The sectional view of line III-III' shown. Figure 10 It is along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line IV-IV' shown. Figure 11 It is along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line V-V' shown.

[0158] Figures 8-11 The display module DM is shown, but a portion of the first substrate SUB1, a portion of the circuit element layer DP-CL, a portion of the pixel defining film PDL, the first barrier layer BRL1 or the second barrier layer BRL2, and other components are not shown. In the following text, [the text is incomplete and likely refers to a different component]. Figures 8-11 Similarly, a sectional view is shown. Figures 12-17 .

[0159] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first barrier layer BRL1 can be disposed on the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. The first barrier layer BRL1 can be disposed on a liquid repellent layer LR with liquid repellent properties. The cross-section of the first barrier layer BRL1 cut in the second direction DR2 can have an upwardly convex curved shape, and the second direction DR2 intersects (intersects) with the first direction DR1, which is the direction in which the first barrier layer BRL1 extends.

[0160] refer to Figure 9 The first barrier layer BRL1 can be disposed on the first extension EX1 and extend in the first direction DR1. The two opposing sides of the first barrier layer BRL1 in the first direction DR1 can have curved shapes. The upper surface of the first barrier layer BRL1 can have a flat surface.

[0161] In the following description, the thickness may be defined as a value measured in the third direction DR3, and the width may be defined as a value measured in the first direction DR1 or the second direction DR2.

[0162] refer to Figure 8 The lower surface of the first barrier layer BRL1 can be in direct contact with the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. In the second direction DR2, the lower surface of the first barrier layer BRL1 can have a first width WT1. The first width WT1 can be smaller than the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL in the second direction DR2.

[0163] On the third-direction DR3, the first barrier layer BRL1 may have a first thickness TH1. The first thickness TH1 may be less than the thickness TH on the third-direction DR3 of the pixel defining film PDL. In some embodiments, the first thickness TH1 may be greater than 0.3 times the thickness TH and less than 1 times the thickness TH.

[0164] In other words, reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 A first barrier layer BRL1 is disposed on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL and on the liquid repellent layer LR. The cross-section of the first barrier layer BRL1, cut along a second direction DR2 that intersects (intersects) the first direction DR1, has an upwardly convex, curved shape. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the first barrier layer BRL1 is located on the first extension EX1 and extends in the first direction DR1, having curved shapes on both sides and a flat upper surface. In this specification, the thickness is measured in the third direction DR3, and the width is measured in either the first direction DR1 or the second direction DR2. (See reference...) Figure 8 The lower surface of the first barrier layer BRL1 is in direct contact with the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. The first width WT1 on the second direction DR2 of the lower surface is smaller than the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. On the third direction DR3, the first barrier layer BRL1 has a first thickness TH1 that is smaller than the thickness TH of the pixel defining film PDL, and the first thickness TH1 is typically between 0.3 and 1 times the thickness TH.

[0165] refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The second barrier layer BRL2 can be disposed on the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. The second barrier layer BRL2 can be disposed on a liquid repellent layer LR with liquid repellent properties. The cross-section of the second barrier layer BRL2 cut on the first direction DR1, which intersects with the second direction DR2, can have an upwardly convex curved shape, and the second direction DR2 is the direction in which the second barrier layer BRL2 extends.

[0166] refer to Figure 11 The second barrier layer BRL2 can be disposed on the second extension EX2 and extend in the second direction DR2. The two opposing sides of the second barrier layer BRL2 in the second direction DR2 can have curved shapes. The upper surface of the second barrier layer BRL2 can have a flat surface.

[0167] refer to Figure 10The lower surface of the second barrier layer BRL2 can be in direct contact with the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL. In the second direction DR2, the lower surface of the second barrier layer BRL2 can have a first width WT1 smaller than the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL. In the third direction DR3, the second barrier layer BRL2 can have a first thickness TH1 smaller than the thickness TH of the pixel-defining film PDL.

[0168] Figure 12 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line II-II' shown corresponds to another configuration of the first barrier layer. Figure 13 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line IV-IV' shown corresponds to another configuration of the second barrier layer.

[0169] The following text will focus on... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The different configurations shown are used to describe Figure 12 and Figure 13 The configuration shown.

[0170] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first width WT1 of the lower surface of each of the first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2, which are in contact with the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL, may be smaller than the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL, but one or more embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the first width WT1 of the lower surface of each of the first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2 can be the same as the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. In some embodiments, the first width WT1 can be set to 0.9 to 1 times the width WT.

[0171] In other words, reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 A second barrier layer, BRL2, is disposed on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film, PDL, and the liquid-repellent layer, LR. The cross-section of the second barrier layer, BRL2, cut along the first direction, DR1, which intersects the second direction, DR2, has an upwardly convex, curved shape. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the second barrier layer BRL2 extends in the second direction DR2 and is curved on both sides with a flat upper surface. Figure 10 The lower surface of the second barrier layer BRL2 is shown to be in direct contact with the pixel defining film PDL, and the first width WT1 is smaller than the width WT on the first direction DR1 of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL, and the first thickness TH1 is smaller than the thickness TH on the third direction DR3 of the pixel defining film PDL. Figure 12 andFigure 13 Focus on and Figure 8 and Figure 9 The differences illustrate the alternative structures of the barrier layers BRL1 and BRL2. The first width WT1 of the lower surface of each of the first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2 may be the same as or less than the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL, and is typically set between 0.9 and 1 times the width WT of the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL.

[0172] Figure 14 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line II-II' shown corresponds to another configuration of the first barrier layer. Figure 15 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line III-III' shown corresponds to another configuration of the first barrier layer. Figure 16 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line IV-IV' shown corresponds to another configuration of the second barrier layer. Figure 17 It is shown along Figure 6 The cross-sectional view of line V-V' shown corresponds to another configuration of the second barrier layer.

[0173] The following text will focus on... Figures 8-11 The first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2 shown are configured differently to describe the different configurations. Figures 14-17 The configuration of the first barrier layer BRL1' and the second barrier layer BRL2' shown in the figure.

[0174] refer to Figures 14-17 The first barrier layer BRL1' and the second barrier layer BRL2' of the barrier layer BRL' may have a second thickness TH2 on the third-direction DR3. The second thickness TH2 may be less than the first thickness TH1. For example, the thickness of the first barrier layer BRL1' and the second barrier layer BRL2' may be less than Figures 8-11 The thicknesses of the first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2 shown in the figure.

[0175] The first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2, as well as the first barrier layer BRL1' and the second barrier layer BRL2', can be formed by providing ink to the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL. The thickness of the ink provided on the pixel-defining film PDL and the ink diffusion length can be varied according to the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL.

[0176] In one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the thickness and diffusion length of the ink provided on the pixel-defining film PDL can be adjusted by varying the surface energy of the upper surface of the PDL. Therefore, barrier layers BRL and BRL' with one or more suitable thicknesses can be formed. This process will be described in more detail later.

[0177] Figure 18 It is a diagram depicting the height of ink provided on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film based on the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film. Figure 19 This is a table showing the diffusion length of ink provided on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film based on the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film.

[0178] exist Figure 18 In this diagram, the horizontal axis represents the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defined film (PDL), and the vertical axis represents the height of the ink applied to the PDL. Figure 18 In the diagram, dots represent the height of the ink.

[0179] exist Figure 19 In this process, tests are performed with the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) formed in a square shape and ink INK provided on the pixel-defining film (PDL) between the OLEDs. Figure 19 The state of the ink INK horizontally distributed between the light-emitting elements OLED is shown.

[0180] refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 As surface energy can be increased, the height of the ink (INK) can be reduced. As surface energy increases, the diffusion length of the ink (INK) can also increase (diffly further). Figure 18 and Figure 19 In this context, the units for thickness and length are micrometers. Furthermore, the amount of ink (INK) ejected from the nozzle at one time is 7 picoliters (pl).

[0181] Display devices DD having one or more appropriate resolutions can be manufactured. For example, a display device DD having a first resolution and a display device DD having a second resolution greater than the first resolution can be manufactured. In this case, the size of each pixel having the first resolution can be larger than the size of each pixel having the second resolution. As the size of pixels (e.g., multiple pixels PX) becomes larger (increases), a barrier layer with a large thickness can be expected or required, and as the size of pixels (e.g., multiple pixels PX) becomes smaller (decreases), a barrier layer with a small thickness can be expected or required.

[0182] The surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defined film (PDL) can be controlled by liquid repulsion additives (...). Figure 20AThe amount (shown in the diagram) is adjusted. The pixel-defined film (PDL) can have a first surface energy corresponding to a first resolution or a second surface energy corresponding to a second resolution. The second surface energy can be greater than the first surface energy.

[0183] In the following text, see references Figures 20A-20H , Figure 21 as well as Figures 22A-22D The present invention will describe a method for forming a barrier layer BRL when the pixel-defined film PDL has a first surface energy (e.g., when the pixel-defined film PDL has a first surface energy).

[0184] Figures 20A-20H This is a view illustrating a method for manufacturing a display device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0185] Figures 20A-20H In Figure 20A and Figure 20B This is a view illustrating a method for forming a liquid repellent layer (LR). Figures 20A-20H In Figures 20D-20G It shows the formation Figure 8 and Figure 10 The cross-section shows a method for using the first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2. Figures 20A-20C and Figure 20H It shows the relationship with Figure 7 The corresponding cross section, and Figures 20D-20G It shows the relationship with Figure 8 and Figure 10 The corresponding cross section.

[0186] refer to Figure 20A and Figure 20B A pixel defining film (PDL) can be formed on a first substrate SUB1. The PDL may include an organic layer. A liquid repellent additive (RLA) containing a fluorinated compound can be disposed in the PDL. The RLA may have properties that allow it to contact air.

[0187] When the pixel defining film PDL is disposed on the circuit element layer DP-CL (for example, when the pixel defining film PDL is disposed on the circuit element layer DP-CL), the liquid repellent additive RLA, which has the property of contact with air, can move upward. The liquid repellent additive RLA can move to the upper side of the circuit element layer DP-CL to form a liquid repellent layer LR. The liquid repellent layer LR can define the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL. Therefore, the upper surface of the pixel defining film PDL can be formed as the liquid repellent layer LR.

[0188] refer to Figure 20B and Figure 20CThe RMV that overlaps with the opening PX_OP in the pixel-defining film PDL is removed, and thus the opening PX_OP that overlaps with the light-emitting regions LA1, LA2, and LA3 can be defined in the pixel-defining film PDL. The removed RMV can be removed by an optical process, the description of which will not be provided.

[0189] refer to Figure 20D and Figure 20E The upper surface of the pixel-defining film (PDL) can have a first surface energy (SFE1). Ink (INK) can be supplied to the upper surface of the PDL using an inkjet printing process through a nozzle (NZ). The ink (INK) can be disposed on the upper surfaces of the first extension (EX1) and the second extension (EX2). The ink (INK) can also be disposed on the liquid repellent layer (LR).

[0190] refer to Figure 20F and Figure 20G When the solution is disposed on the upper surface of the liquid repellent solid (e.g., when the solution is disposed on the upper surface of the liquid repellent solid), the solution has the property of agglomerating together, and therefore, the solution can have a convex shape (e.g., an outwardly curved shape). Therefore, when the ink INK is supplied to the liquid repellent layer LR (e.g., when the ink INK is supplied to the liquid repellent layer LR), the ink INK has the property of agglomerating together, and therefore can have an upwardly convex curved shape.

[0191] When the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 (for example, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1), the ink INK disposed on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL can have a first thickness TH1 on the third-direction DR3. The ink INK having the property of agglomeration can be formed to have a first thickness TH1. When the ink INK is cured by ultraviolet light (UV), a first barrier layer BRL1 can be formed on the first extension EX1, and a second barrier layer BRL2 can be formed on the second extension EX2.

[0192] refer to Figure 20H An OLED light-emitting element can be placed in the opening PX_OP, and a thin-film encapsulation layer TFE can be placed on the OLED, thus enabling the fabrication of a display panel DP. Subsequently, a light conversion unit LCP, comprising color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3, quantum dot layers QDL1 and QDL2, and / or a light-transmitting layer LTL, can be placed on the OLED, thereby enabling the fabrication of a display module DM. The light conversion unit LCP can be connected (e.g., bonded to) the display panel DP via a filler FL with adhesive properties.

[0193] Figure 21This is a view showing multiple droplets of ink in a method of manufacturing a display device when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy). Figures 22A-22D This is used to describe the formation of a pixel-defining film when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy). Figure 9 and Figure 11 A view showing the method of using the first and second barrier layers in a cross section.

[0194] Figure 21 This is a plan view showing multiple droplet points (DOPs) defined around a single light-emitting element (OLED).

[0195] refer to Figure 21 Multiple droplet points (DOPs) can be defined on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film (PDL). The multiple droplet points (DOPs) can be arranged along the first side (S1) and the second side (S2) of the light-emitting region (LA). Ink (INK) can be provided at the multiple droplet points (DOPs).

[0196] At least one drop point DOP may be defined on the upper surface of each of the first extension EX1 and the second extension EX2. Figure 21 In this configuration, two drop points (DOPs) are defined on the upper surface of each of the first extension EX1, and four drop points (DOPs) are defined on the upper surface of each of the second extension EX2. However, the number of drop points (DOPs) is not limited to this. More drop points (DOPs) can be defined on the second extension EX2 compared to the first extension EX1.

[0197] The ink INK can provide multiple droplets (DOPs) to form a first barrier layer (BRL1) and a second barrier layer (BRL2). Figure 21 In the diagram, the first barrier layer BRL1 and the second barrier layer BRL2 are shown as dashed lines.

[0198] refer to Figure 21 , Figure 22A and Figure 22B Ink INK can be supplied to each of a plurality of drop points DOP defined on the upper surface of the first extension EX1. When moving in the first direction DR1, the nozzle NZ can discontinue the ink INK and can dispense a set or predetermined amount of ink INK only at each of the plurality of drop points DOP.

[0199] At each of the multiple drop points (DOPs), ink INK can diffuse along the first side S1 in two directions (e.g., simultaneously in the first direction DR1 and in a direction opposite to the first direction DR1). The ink INK diffused in the multiple drop points (DOPs) can combine with each other. The ink INK can be cured to form a first barrier layer BRL1 on the first extension EX1.

[0200] The diffusion length of ink INK at each of the plurality of droplets DOP on the first extension EX1 can be defined as a first length LT1. The distance between the plurality of adjacent droplets DOP on the first extension EX1 can be defined as a first distance DT1.

[0201] refer to Figure 21 , Figure 22C and Figure 22D The ink INK can be supplied to each of the plurality of droplets DOP defined on the upper surface of the second extension EX2. Because the second extension EX2 is formed to be longer than the first extension EX1, more droplets DOP can be defined on the second extension EX2.

[0202] The ink INK can diffuse along the second side S2 in two directions (e.g., simultaneously in the second direction DR2 and in a direction opposite to the second direction DR2). The ink INK can be cured to form a second barrier layer BRL2 on the second extension EX2.

[0203] The diffusion length of the ink INK at each of the plurality of droplets DOP on the second extension EX2 can be defined as a first length LT1. The distance between the plurality of adjacent droplets DOP on the second extension EX2 can be defined as a first distance DT1.

[0204] According to the manufacturing method described above, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 (for example, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1), the ink INK supplied to each of the plurality of drop points DOP can diffuse to have a first thickness TH1 and a first length LT1 in a first direction DR1. Furthermore, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 (for example, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1), the distance between the plurality of adjacent drop points DOP can be set to a first distance DT1.

[0205] In the following text, Figures 23A-23D , Figure 24 as well as Figures 25A-25DIn the case where the pixel-defined film PDL has a second surface energy (e.g., when the pixel-defined film PDL has a second surface energy), the method for forming the barrier layer BRL' will be described later.

[0206] Figures 23A-23D It shows the formation Figure 14 and Figure 16 A view showing the method of using the first and second barrier layers in a cross section.

[0207] refer to Figure 23A and Figure 23B The upper surface of the pixel-defined film (PDL) can have a second surface energy SFE2 that is greater than the first surface energy SFE1. Ink INK can be supplied to the upper surfaces of the first extension EX1 and the second extension EX2 of the pixel-defined film (PDL) through nozzle NZ.

[0208] refer to Figure 23C and Figure 23D The ink INK provided on the liquid repellent layer LR can have the property of agglomeration and therefore can have an upwardly convex curved shape. When the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2), the ink INK provided on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL can have a second thickness TH2 on the third-direction DR3 that is less than the first thickness TH1. When the ink INK is cured by ultraviolet light UV, a first barrier layer BRL1' can be formed on the first extension EX1, and a second barrier layer BRL2' can be formed on the second extension EX2.

[0209] Figure 24 This is a view showing multiple droplets of ink in a method of manufacturing a display device when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy). Figures 25A-25D This is used to describe the formation of a pixel-defining film when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy). Figure 15 and Figure 17 A view showing the method of using the first and second barrier layers in a cross section.

[0210] Figure 24 Shown as corresponding to Figure 21 The plane (e.g., a plan view), and in the following text, the focus will be on the plane (e.g., a plan view). Figure 21 and Figures 22A-22D The components shown are described differently. Figure 24 and Figures 25A-25D The components shown.

[0211] refer to Figure 24 Multiple droplet points (DOPs) can be defined on the upper surface of the pixel-defined film (PDL), and ink (INK) can be supplied to the multiple droplet points (DOPs). Ink (INK) can be supplied to the multiple droplet points (DOPs) to form a first barrier layer (BRL1') and a second barrier layer (BRL2').

[0212] exist Figure 24 In this configuration, one droplet point (DOP) may be defined on the upper surface of each of the first extensions EX1, and two droplet points (DOPs) may be defined on the upper surface of each of the second extensions EX2. When the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 greater than the first surface energy SFE1 (e.g., when the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 greater than the first surface energy SFE1), the number of droplet points (DOPs) defined on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL can be reduced.

[0213] refer to Figure 24 , Figure 25A and Figure 25B The ink INK can be provided to a drop point DOP defined on the upper surface of the first extension EX1, and the ink INK can be cured to form a first barrier layer BRL1' on the first extension EX1. At the drop point DOP on the first extension EX1, the diffusion length of the ink INK can be defined as a second length LT2.

[0214] refer to Figure 24 , Figure 25C and Figure 25D Ink INK can be provided to each of a plurality of drop points DOP defined on the upper surface of the second extension EX2, and ink INK can be cured to form a second barrier layer BRL2' on the second extension EX2.

[0215] At each of the plurality of droplets DOP on the second extension EX2, the diffusion length of ink INK along the second side S2 can be defined as a second length LT2. The distance between the plurality of adjacent droplets DOP on the second extension EX2 can be defined as a second distance DT2. The second length LT2 can be greater than the first length LT1, and the second distance DT2 can be greater than the first distance DT1.

[0216] According to the manufacturing method described above, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 (for example, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2), the ink INK supplied to each of the plurality of drop points DOP can diffuse to have a second thickness TH2 and a second length LT2. Furthermore, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 (for example, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2), the distance between the plurality of adjacent drop points DOP can be set to a second distance DT2.

[0217] When the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 that is greater than the first surface energy SFE1 (for example, when the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 that is greater than the first surface energy SFE1), the ink INK provided to each of the plurality of drop points DOP can be extended to have a second thickness TH2 that is less than the first thickness TH1 and a second length LT2 that is greater than the first length LT1.

[0218] Furthermore, when the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2 (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL has a second surface energy SFE2), the second distance DT2 between a plurality of adjacent drop points DOP can be greater than the first distance DT1 between a plurality of adjacent drop points DOP when the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 (e.g., when the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1).

[0219] Referring to the aforementioned method for manufacturing the barrier layers BRL and BRL', the thickness of the ink INK supplied to each of the plurality of droplet points DOPs and the diffusion length of the ink INK can be varied according to the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL. For example, as the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL increases, the thickness of the ink INK supplied to each of the plurality of droplet points DOPs can be smaller, and it can diffuse longer along the edge of the light-emitting region LA. Furthermore, as the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL increases, the distance between the plurality of adjacent droplet points DOPs can increase.

[0220] A method for manufacturing barrier layers BRL and BRL' has been described, wherein the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 and a second surface energy SFE2 (e.g., when the pixel-defining film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 and a second surface energy SFE2). However, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and barrier layers having one or more suitable thicknesses can be formed by setting the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film PDL differently.

[0221] In other words, the method for manufacturing barrier layers BRL and BRL' involves adjusting the thickness and diffusion length of the ink INK at each drop point DOP based on the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defined film PDL. As the surface energy of the pixel-defined film PDL increases, the ink INK at each drop point DOP becomes thinner and diffuses further along the edge of the luminescent region LA. Additionally, higher surface energy results in a larger distance between adjacent drop points DOP. The method has been described for the case where the pixel-defined film PDL has a first surface energy SFE1 and a second surface energy SFE2. However, this disclosure is not limited to these conditions, and barrier layers with various suitable thicknesses can be formed by adjusting the surface energy of the pixel-defined film PDL.

[0222] In one or more embodiments of this disclosure, the barrier layers BRL and BRL' are not formed using photolithography with masks, and the barrier layers BRL and BRL' can be formed by an inkjet printing process that emits ink INK. Therefore, expensive masks are not used, and thus manufacturing costs can be reduced.

[0223] Figure 26A and Figure 26B Each is a view showing the configuration of a barrier layer according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0224] Figure 26A and Figure 26B To correspond to Figure 9 and Figure 11 The cross-section is shown. In the following text, the focus will be on... Figure 9 and Figure 11 The different configurations shown are used to describe Figure 26A and Figure 26B The configuration of the barrier layer BRL-1 shown is illustrated.

[0225] refer to Figure 26A and Figure 26BThe barrier layer BRL-1 may include a first barrier layer BRL1-1, a first dummy barrier layer BRL1-2, a second barrier layer BRL2-1, and / or a second dummy barrier layer BRL2-2. The first barrier layer BRL1-1 and the first dummy barrier layer BRL1-2 may be disposed on the first extension EX1. The second barrier layer BRL2-1 and the second dummy barrier layer BRL2-2 may be disposed on the second extension EX2.

[0226] The first barrier layer BRL1-1 can be disposed on the first extension EX1, and the first dummy barrier layer BRL1-2 can be disposed on the first barrier layer BRL1-1. The second barrier layer BRL2-1 can be disposed on the second extension EX2, and the second dummy barrier layer BRL2-2 can be disposed on the second barrier layer BRL2-1.

[0227] Additional ink A_INK can be applied to the first barrier layer BRL1-1, and additional ink A_INK can be cured to form a first dummy barrier layer BRL1-2. Additional ink A_INK can be applied to the second barrier layer BRL2-1, and additional ink A_INK can be cured to form a second dummy barrier layer BRL2-2.

[0228] Figure 27 This is a view showing the configuration of a barrier layer according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0229] Figure 27 To correspond to Figure 6 The plane (e.g., a plan view) is shown. In the following text, the focus will be on... Figure 6 The configurations shown are different configuration descriptions. Figure 27 The configuration of the barrier layer BRL-2 shown is illustrated.

[0230] refer to Figure 27 The barrier layer BRL-2 can be arranged continuously around each of the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) (e.g., continuously surrounding each of the light-emitting elements). The barrier layer BRL-2 can have a grid shape to continuously surround the light-emitting elements (OLEDs). Referring to the manufacturing method described above, ink INK can be provided onto the pixel defining film PDL to continuously surround each of the light-emitting elements (OLEDs) (e.g., continuously surrounding each of the light-emitting elements), thereby forming the barrier layer BRL-2.

[0231] Figure 28 This is a view showing the configuration of a barrier layer according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0232] Figure 28 With Figure 7The corresponding cross-section is shown. The following text will focus on... Figure 7 The configurations shown are different configuration descriptions. Figure 28 The configuration of the barrier layer BRL-3 shown is illustrated.

[0233] refer to Figure 28 The barrier layer BRL-3 may not be black. The barrier layer BRL-3 may include a light-reflective material. For example, the barrier layer BRL-3 may include titanium dioxide (TiO2), which can reflect light.

[0234] The first light L1 propagating laterally from the OLED light-emitting element can be reflected by the barrier layer BRL-3 and propagated upwards. For example, as shown by the dashed arrow, the first light L1 propagating laterally from the OLED light-emitting element overlapping with the second light-emitting region LA2 can be reflected by the barrier layer BRL-3 and provided to the second quantum dot layer QDL2. Therefore, light efficiency can be improved.

[0235] in other words, Figure 26A and Figure 26B The configuration of barrier layer BRL-1, comprising a first barrier layer BRL1-1, a first dummy barrier layer BRL1-2, a second barrier layer BRL2-1, and a second dummy barrier layer BRL2-2, is shown. The first barrier layer BRL1-1 and the first dummy barrier layer BRL1-2 are disposed on a first extension EX1, while the second barrier layer BRL2-1 and the second dummy barrier layer BRL2-2 are disposed on a second extension EX2. Additional ink A_INK is applied and cured to form the dummy barrier layers BRL1-2 and BRL2-2. Figure 27 The barrier layer BRL-2, which surrounds each OLED light-emitting element in a grid shape, is shown. Ink INK is applied to the pixel-defining film PDL to form the barrier layer BRL-2. Figure 28 A barrier layer BRL-3, comprising a light-reflecting material (such as titanium dioxide (TiO2)) and lacking a black color, is depicted. This barrier layer BRL-3 reflects the first light L1 propagating laterally from the light-emitting element OLED, thereby guiding it upward to improve light efficiency.

[0236] According to one or more embodiments of this disclosure, light generated by each of the light-emitting elements can be shielded by a barrier layer disposed on a pixel defining film, thereby preventing or reducing light from being supplied to another light conversion layer adjacent to the corresponding light conversion layer. Therefore, the color matching rate of the display device can be improved.

[0237] Furthermore, to form the barrier layer, photolithography using masks is not employed; instead, the barrier layer can be formed through inkjet printing, which dispenses ink. Therefore, expensive masks are not used, thus reducing manufacturing costs.

[0238] As used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and similar terms are used as approximations rather than terms of degree and are intended to allow for inherent deviations in measured or calculated values ​​that will be recognized by those skilled in the art. Given the measurements discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system), “about” or “approximation” as used herein also includes the value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by those skilled in the art. For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5% of the value.

[0239] In the context of this disclosure and unless otherwise defined, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively.

[0240] Any numerical range set forth herein is intended to include all subranges of the same numerical precision contained within the stated range. For example, the range “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include all subranges between the minimum value 1.0 and the maximum value 10.0 (and inclusive), i.e., a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit set forth herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits contained therein, and any minimum numerical limit set forth herein is intended to include all higher numerical limits contained therein. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly describe any subranges contained within the range expressly set forth herein.

[0241] The display device, method of manufacturing the display device, and / or any other related device or component described herein according to embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented using any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., application-specific integrated circuit), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, various components of the device can be formed on a single integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Furthermore, various components of the device can be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape-on-a-chip (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on a substrate. Additionally, various components of the device can be processes or threads running on one or more processors in one or more computing devices, executing computer program instructions, and interacting with other system components for performing the various functions described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in memory implemented in the computing device using standard storage devices, such as, for example, random access memory (RAM). The computer program instructions can also be stored in other non-transitory computer-readable media (such as, for example, CD-ROMs, flash drives, etc.). Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, the functions of various computing devices can be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functions of a particular computing device can be distributed across one or more other computing devices.

[0242] In light of the entire contents of this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that each suitable feature of the various embodiments of this disclosure may be combined in part or in whole, or combined with one another, and may be technically interlocked and operated in various suitable ways, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of one another or in combination with one another in any suitable way, unless otherwise stated or implied.

[0243] Although one or more embodiments have been described above, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that the one or more embodiments disclosed herein are not intended to limit the technical spirit of this disclosure, and all technical spirit within the appended claims and their equivalents is included within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a display device, the method comprising: A pixel-defining film is disposed on a substrate; An opening overlapping the light-emitting area is defined in the pixel-defining film; Ink is applied to each of a plurality of droplets on the upper surface of the pixel defining film, the pixel defining film overlapping with a non-light-emitting area surrounding the light-emitting area; A barrier layer is formed by curing the ink; as well as The light-emitting element is placed in the opening.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The pixel defining film includes an extension portion that is adjacent to one side of the light-emitting region and extends in a direction parallel to said one side of the light-emitting region. The ink is applied to at least one drop point on the upper surface of the extension.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the ink applied to each of the plurality of droplets and the diffusion length of the ink along the side of the luminescent region vary according to the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defined film.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, As the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film increases, the thickness of the ink applied to each of the plurality of droplets becomes smaller, and the ink diffuses further along the side of the luminescent region.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein, When the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a first surface energy, the ink applied to each of the plurality of droplets has a first thickness and diffuses along the side of the light-emitting region to have a first length.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, When the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has a second surface energy greater than the first surface energy, the ink applied to each of the plurality of droplets has a second thickness less than the first thickness and diffuses along the side of the light-emitting region to have a second length greater than the first length.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The ink is applied to each of the plurality of droplets on the upper surface of the pixel-defining film, and Wherein, when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has the second surface energy, the distance between each pair of adjacent droplets is greater than the first distance between each pair of adjacent droplets when the upper surface of the pixel-defining film has the first surface energy.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The luminescent region includes: The first side extends in the first direction; and The second side extends in a second direction intersecting the first direction and is longer than the first side. The pixel-defining film includes: A first extension portion, adjacent to the first side and extending in the first direction; and The second extension portion, adjacent to the second side, extends in the second direction and is longer than the first extension portion. The barrier layer includes: A first barrier layer extends on the first extension portion and in the first direction; and A second barrier layer, separate from the first barrier layer, extends in the second direction on the second extension portion and is longer than the first barrier layer, wherein the number of droplets on the second extension portion is greater than the number of droplets on the first extension portion.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The upper surface of the pixel-defining film having a liquid repellent layer is formed.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The cross section of the barrier layer, cut in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the barrier layer, has an upwardly convex curved surface.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The barrier layer is black.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Apply additional ink to the barrier layer; as well as A dummy barrier layer is formed on the barrier layer by curing the additional ink.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The ink is applied to the upper surface of the pixel-defining film to continuously surround the light-emitting area.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The barrier layer includes a light-reflecting material.

15. A display device, including: The substrate includes a light-emitting region and a non-light-emitting region surrounding the light-emitting region; A pixel defining film is provided on the substrate and overlaps with the non-light-emitting region, wherein the pixel defining film defines an opening that overlaps with the light-emitting region; A barrier layer is provided on the pixel defining film; as well as The light-emitting element is located in the opening. The upper surface of the pixel defining film is liquid repellent, and the cross section of the barrier layer, cut in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the barrier layer, has an upwardly convex curved surface.

16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein, The luminescent region includes: The first side extends in the first direction; and The second side extends in a second direction that intersects with the first direction. The pixel-defining film includes: A first extension portion, adjacent to the first side and extending in the first direction; and The second extension portion is adjacent to the second side and extends in the second direction, and The barrier layer includes: A first barrier layer extends on the first extension portion and in the first direction; and The second barrier layer is separate from the first barrier layer, is on the second extension portion, and extends in the second direction.

17. The display device according to claim 15, wherein, The barrier layer is black.

18. The display device according to claim 15, wherein, The barrier layer continuously surrounds the light-emitting area.

19. The display device according to claim 15, wherein, The barrier layer includes a light-reflecting material.

20. A method for manufacturing a display device, the method comprising: A pixel-defining film is disposed on a substrate; An opening overlapping the light-emitting area is defined in the pixel-defining film; Ink is applied to each of a plurality of droplets on the upper surface of the pixel defining film, the pixel defining film overlapping with a non-light-emitting area surrounding the light-emitting area; A barrier layer is formed by curing the ink; Place the light-emitting element in the opening; as well as A quantum dot layer is disposed on the light-emitting element. As the surface energy of the upper surface of the pixel-defining film increases, the thickness of the ink applied to each of the plurality of droplets becomes smaller and diffuses further along the side of the light-emitting area.

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