Distributed transmission across 80 MHz

Abstract

The present disclosure provides methods, components, devices, and systems for extending distributed resource units (dRUs) beyond 80 MHz. Some aspects are more particularly directed to supporting enhanced tone distribution mapping schemes and signaling. In some examples, a wireless station may receive, from an access point over a wireless channel, scheduling information for a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PDU) (PPDU) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station. The scheduling information may indicate one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a respective set of tones across a distributed bandwidth distribution of the wireless channel. The distributed bandwidth may be greater than 80 MHz, and the one or more dRUs include a first dRU allocated to the wireless station. The wireless station may modulate a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto a set of tones of the first dRU. A wireless station may transmit a plurality of symbols via a first dRU.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 394,707, filed December 22, 2023, entitled “DISTRIBUTED TRANSMISSION ACROSS 80MHZM,” and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 499,176, filed April 28, 2023, entitled “DISTRIBUTED TRANSMISSION ACROSS 80MHZ,” the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, and more specifically to distributed transmission of tones spread over a bandwidth greater than 80 MHz, and to enhanced distributed and signaling schemes. Background Technology

[0003] A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) can be formed by one or more wireless access points (APs) that provide a shared wireless communication medium for use by multiple client devices (also known as wireless stations (STAs)). The basic building block of a WLAN conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard family is the Basic Service Set (BSS) managed by the AP. Each BSS is identified by a Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) advertised by the AP. The AP periodically broadcasts beacon frames to enable any STA within the AP's wireless range to establish or maintain a communication link with the WLAN.

[0004] In some wireless communication networks, including WLAN networks, transmission with distributed resource units (dRUs) (often referred to as distributed transmission) can be used to overcome power spectral density (PSD) limitations that may be imposed by regulatory bodies of the wireless medium. For example, in uplink OFDMA communication from multiple STAs, each STA can spread the “tone” of its allocated resource unit (RU) across a portion of the wireless channel bandwidth (which may be referred to as the “spreading bandwidth”). This spreading of the tone allocated to each individual device across a wider bandwidth allows the device to transmit symbols at higher power on each distributed tone while still meeting PSD limitations. The increased transmission power increases the gain of the transmitted signal, thereby enabling extended range and / or higher throughput. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The systems, methods, and apparatus disclosed herein each have several innovative aspects, and no single aspect is solely responsible for the desired properties disclosed herein.

[0006] One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a wireless station (STA). The wireless STA includes: one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: receive, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an access point (AP) for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to the wireless station; modulate multiple symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and transmit the multiple symbols via the first dRU.

[0007] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication performed by a wireless STA. The method includes: receiving, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an AP for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, including a wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to a wireless station; modulating a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and transmitting the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0008] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus configured for wireless communication. The apparatus includes components for receiving, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an AP for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, including a wireless station. The scheduling information indicates one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to a wireless station; components for modulating multiple symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and components for transmitting the multiple symbols via the first dRU.

[0009] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including: receiving, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an AP for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including a wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to a wireless station; modulating a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and transmitting the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0010] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an AP. The AP includes one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: transmit, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for PPDUs to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and receive multiple symbols for the PPDUs.

[0011] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication performed by an AP. The method includes: transmitting, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and receiving a plurality of symbols for the PPDU.

[0012] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus configured for wireless communication. The apparatus includes: components for transmitting, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and components for receiving a plurality of symbols for the PPDU.

[0013] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including: transmitting, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and receiving a plurality of symbols for the PPDU.

[0014] Details of one or more examples of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the following description. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. It should be noted that the relative dimensions in the following drawings may not be drawn to scale. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an example wireless communication network is shown.

[0016] Figure 2 An example Protocol Data Unit (PDU) is shown that can be used for communication between a wireless access point and one or more wireless stations.

[0017] Figure 3 An example physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) capable of being used for communication between a wireless access point (AP) and one or more wireless stations (STAs) is shown.

[0018] Figure 4 A hierarchical format of an example PPDU that can be used for communication between a wireless AP and one or more wireless STAs is shown.

[0019] Figure 5 A frequency diagram depicting an example distributed tone mapping based on some examples is shown.

[0020] Figure 6 A block diagram of an example wireless communication system supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation is shown.

[0021] Figure 7 A timing diagram of an example wireless communication system supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation is shown.

[0022] Figure 8 An example of a distributed tone mapping process that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0023] Figure 9 Another example of a distributed tone mapping process that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0024] Figure 10 Another example of a distributed tone mapping process that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0025] Figure 11 Another example of a distributed tone mapping process that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0026] Figure 12 Another example of a distributed tone mapping process that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0027] Figure 13 A block diagram is shown as an example of a de-parsing process and de-parsing architecture configured to perform distributed tone modulation mapping.

[0028] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating an example process that can be performed by a wireless communication device that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0029] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating another example process that can be performed by a wireless communication device that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0030] Figure 16 A block diagram of an example wireless communication device supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation is shown.

[0031] Figure 17 A block diagram of an example wireless communication device supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation is shown.

[0032] Figure 18 Another example of a distributed tone mapping process that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0033] Figure 19A and Figure 19B Each example shows tone interleaving that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations.

[0034] Figure 20A and Figure 20B Each example shows a distributed resource unit tone mapping index table that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations.

[0035] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating another example process that can be performed by a wireless communication device that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0036] Figure 22 A flowchart illustrating another example process that can be performed by a wireless communication device that supports enhanced distributed transmission operations is shown.

[0037] Figure 23A block diagram is shown as an example of a distributed transmission process and distributed transmission architecture configured to perform distributed transmission for a distributed bandwidth greater than 80MHz.

[0038] The same reference numerals and names in the various figures indicate the same elements. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following description refers to certain specific examples in order to illustrate the innovative aspects of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the teachings herein can be applied in a variety of different ways. Some or all of the examples described can be applied in Bluetooth systems that meet the requirements of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, IEEE 802.15, or Bluetooth as defined by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG). ® The described examples can be implemented in any device, system, or network that transmits and receives radio frequency (RF) signals according to one or more of the following standards, or those published by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP): Long Term Evolution (LTE), 3G, 4G, or 5G (New Radio (NR)). The examples described can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving RF signals according to one or more of the following technologies or techniques: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA), Rate Split Multiple Access (RSMA), Multi-User Shared Access (MUSA), Single-User (SU) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), and Multi-User (MU) MIMO. The examples described can also be implemented using other wireless communication protocols or RF signals suitable for use in one or more of the following wireless personal area networks (WPAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless wide area networks (WWAN), wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), or Internet of Things (IoT) networks.

[0040] The various aspects involve wireless communication as a whole, and more specifically, enhanced publish-based transmission. Some aspects are more specifically related to tone distribution schemes and signaling for supporting the extension of distributed resource unit (dRU) transmission beyond a bandwidth of 80 MHz. In some examples, each radio station participating in UL OFDMA distributed transmission can receive scheduling information from an access point (AP) via a wireless channel for physical layer (PHY) protocol data units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by the radio station. The scheduling information may indicate one or more dRUs for each radio station within the wireless channel, each dRU comprising a corresponding tone set for a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, which may be greater than 80 MHz (e.g., 160 MHz, 240 MHz, 320 MHz or greater). Each radio station may modulate multiple modulation symbols for the PPDU and transmit them to the corresponding tone set of the corresponding dRU allocated to that radio station.

[0041] In some examples, to modulate multiple symbols of a PPDU onto a set of tones (distributed tones) of a dRU, the associated radio station may first determine a series of non-distributed tones or a tone distribution associated with the allocated logical resource unit (RU). The tone distribution may indicate how the tones of the logical RUs are distributed to determine the tone positions of the distributed tones of the dRUs. The radio station can then map the symbols corresponding to the logical RUs to the distributed tones of the first dRU. The tone distribution may be referred to as a tone distribution plan or pattern, and the action of determining the distributed tones and modulating symbols on the distributed tones may be referred to as distributed tone mapping.

[0042] In some examples, the distributed tones used for distributed tone mapping are determined in a two-phase process. For instance, the execution of the distributed tone mapping process may include a first phase of mapping or distributing tones (such as tones for data symbols and tones for LTF symbols) over a spreading bandwidth (e.g., an 80 MHz sub-channel or segment). In a second phase of the distributed tone mapping process, these partially distributed tones are mapped or distributed a second time over a distribution bandwidth greater than the initial spreading bandwidth. In some examples, the distribution bandwidth may be extended to the entire radio channel, such as a 160 MHz, 240 MHz, 320 MHz, or larger channel. Such a radio channel may be segmented into 80 MHz sub-channels or segments. The second phase of the distributed tone mapping process may include increasing the spacing between each adjacent modulation symbol or tone (e.g., in tones), redistributing partially distributed modulation symbols according to a second tone distribution scheme for a larger distribution bandwidth, or alternating / interleaving partially distributed modulation symbols for a particular device with second partially distributed modulation symbols for one or more other devices.

[0043] In some other examples, the distributed tones used for distributed tone mapping are determined in a one-stage process. For example, the execution of the distributed tone mapping process can be a single-stage process, which involves mapping the assigned tones of the RU across the entire distributed bandwidth of the transmission or channel according to a new distributed tone distribution plan or scheme for a larger bandwidth (such as a new dedicated distributed tone distribution plan for a 160MHz, 240MHz, or 320MHz bandwidth, which differs from the current distributed tone distribution plan (or factors thereof) for an 80MHz bandwidth).

[0044] In some examples, a segment resolver or quantized segment resolver (also simply called a quantized resolver) is used to determine the distributed tones used for distributed tone mapping. For example, a device may allocate a certain amount of tones over a distributed bandwidth wider than 80 MHz, and the device may segment a portion of the allocated tones into two or more 80 MHz blocks or segments of the distributed bandwidth (e.g., 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz) based on the spread spectrum bandwidth (e.g., 80 MHz). The device may use a cyclic type resolver to segment or split the allocated tones into groups of two or more 80 MHz segments corresponding to the distributed bandwidth. After segmenting or splitting the allocated tones into corresponding 80 MHz bandwidth blocks, the segmented tones are distributed within their respective 80 MHz bandwidth blocks according to a stored (e.g., standard-specified) tone distribution scheme or a locally determined tone distribution scheme.

[0045] In some other examples, distributed tone mapping for a distribution bandwidth greater than 80MHz is performed based on an upsampling version of an existing 80MHz tone distribution pattern currently specified. In such examples, the determination of the distributed tones used for distributed tone mapping can be performed in a one-stage or two-stage process. For example, an upsampling tone plan for an 80MHz tone distribution pattern can be used to distribute the assigned tones over a wider distribution bandwidth, such as 160MHz, 240MHz, or 320MHz. Alternatively, a radio station can perform a regular 80MHz tone mapping to obtain partially distributed tones, and then the tone spacing between each partially distributed tone can be increased by a factor (such as 2 or 4) to further spread the partially distributed tones from the 80MHz bandwidth to a wider 160 or 320MHz bandwidth.

[0046] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by extending the dRU beyond 80 MHz, the described techniques can be used to increase transmit power without increasing the PSD, and thus meet PSD limitations or requirements while using higher transmit power per symbol or tone (such as data symbols, pilot symbols, or both). Increasing the transmit power per symbol or tone achieves higher power gain, which increases the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and can increase throughput and transmit range. In some examples, by extending the dRU beyond 80 MHz, the described techniques can be used to increase the channel bandwidth for transmission, such as transmit capacity. Increasing the channel bandwidth makes it possible to use an increased amount of tone in transmission, and makes it possible to increase the amount of tone for a specific dRU. Using increased tone per dRU or per transmission makes it possible to achieve increased throughput and higher transmit power and gain for a given PSD.

[0047] Figure 1 A block diagram of an example wireless communication network 100 is shown. Depending on some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be an example of a wireless local area network (WLAN) (such as a Wi-Fi network) (and will be referred to WLAN 100 below). For example, WLAN 100 may be a network implementing at least one of the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol standard families (such as standards defined by the IEEE 802.11-2020 specification or its revisions, including but not limited to 802.11ay, 802.11ax, 802.11az, 802.11ba, 802.11bd, 802.11be, 802.11bf, and the 802.11 revision associated with Wi-Fi 8). WLAN 100 may include multiple wireless communication devices, such as wireless AP 102 and multiple wireless STA 104. Although Figure 1 The diagram shows only one AP102, but the WLAN 100 may also include multiple APs 102. Figure 1 The AP 102 shown can represent various types of APs, including but not limited to enterprise-grade APs, single-band APs, dual-band APs, standalone APs, software-enabled APs (soft APs), and multi-link APs. The coverage and capacity of cellular networks (such as LTE, 5G NR, etc.) can be further improved using small cells supported by APs acting as micro base stations. Additionally, small cells can be used to establish dedicated cellular networks via radio area networks.

[0048] Each STA 104 may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), mobile device, mobile phone, wireless phone, access terminal (AT), user equipment (UE), subscriber station (SS), or subscriber unit, etc. STA 104 can represent various devices such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), other handheld devices, netbooks, laptops, tablets, laptops, Chromebooks, extended reality (XR) headsets, wearable devices, display devices (e.g., TVs (including smart TVs), computer monitors, navigation systems, etc.), music or other audio or stereo devices, remote control devices (“remote controllers”), printers, kitchen appliances (including smart refrigerators) or other home appliances, remote keys (e.g., for passive keyless entry and start (PKES) systems), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, vehicles, etc. Various STA 104s in the network can communicate with each other via AP 102.

[0049] A single AP 102 and its associated set of STA 104s may be referred to as a Basic Service Set (BSS), which is managed by the respective AP 102. Figure 1 Additionally, an example coverage area 108 of AP 102 is shown, which may represent the Basic Service Area (BSA) of WLAN 100. The BSA can be identified or indicated to users via a Service Set Identifier (SSID) and to other devices via a Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID), which may be the Media Access Control (MAC) address of AP 102. AP 102 may periodically broadcast beacon frames (“beacons”) including the BSSID to enable any STA 104 within the wireless range of AP 102 to “associate” or reassociate with AP 102 to establish or maintain a corresponding communication link 106 (also referred to hereinafter as a “Wi-Fi link”) with AP 102. For example, the beacon may include an identifier or indication of the primary channel used by the corresponding AP 102 and a timing synchronization function for establishing or maintaining timing synchronization with AP 102. AP 102 can provide access to external networks to various STAs 104 in the WLAN via the corresponding communication link 106.

[0050] In order to establish a communication link 106 with AP 102, each STA in STA 104 is configured to perform a passive or active scanning operation (“scan”) on a frequency channel in one or more frequency bands (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz or 60 GHz bands). To perform a passive scan, STA 104 listens for beacons transmitted by the corresponding AP 102 at periodic time intervals (referred to as Target Beacon Transmission Time (TBTT) – measured in units of time (TU), where one TU can be equal to 1024 microseconds (µs)). To perform an active scan, STA 104 generates probe requests and transmits these requests sequentially on each channel to be scanned, and listens for probe responses from AP 102. Each STA 104 can identify, determine, detect, or select an AP 102 to associate with based on the scan information obtained through passive or active scanning, and performs authentication and association operations to establish a communication link 106 with the selected AP 102. At the end of the association operation, AP 102 assigns an Association Identifier (AID) to STA 104, which AP 102 uses to track STA 104.

[0051] As wireless networks become increasingly prevalent, STA 104 has the opportunity to choose from one of many BSSs within its range or from multiple APs 102 that together form an Extended Service Set (ESS) (comprising multiple connected BSSs). The extended network station associated with WLAN 100 can connect to a wired or wireless distribution system that allows multiple APs 102 to be connected in such an ESS. Therefore, STA 104 can be covered by more than one AP 102 and can be associated with different APs 102 at different times for different transmissions. Furthermore, after associating with an AP 102, STA 104 can periodically scan its surroundings to find a more suitable AP 102 to associate with. For example, STA 104 moving relative to its associated AP 102 can perform a "roaming" scan to find another AP 102 with more desirable network characteristics, such as a larger Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) or reduced traffic load.

[0052] In some cases, STA 104 can form a network without AP 102 or other equipment besides STA 104 itself. An example of such a network is an ad hoc network (or wireless ad hoc network). Ad hoc networks may also be referred to as mesh networks or peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. In some cases, ad hoc networks can be implemented within a larger wireless network, such as WLAN 100. In such examples, while STA 104 may be able to communicate with each other via communication link 106 through AP 102, STA 104 can also communicate directly with each other via direct wireless communication link 110. Additionally, two STA 104 can communicate via direct communication link 110, regardless of whether the two STA 104 are associated with and served by the same AP 102. In such ad hoc systems, one or more STAs among STA 104 can assume the role played by AP 102 in the BSS. Such STA 104 may be referred to as the group owner (GO) and can coordinate transmissions within the ad hoc network. Examples of direct wireless communication links 110 include Wi-Fi direct connections, connections established by using Wi-Fi Tunneling Direct Link Establishment (TDLS) links, and other P2P group connections.

[0053] AP 102 and STA 104 can operate and communicate (via the corresponding communication link 106) according to one or more of the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol family of standards. These standards define WLAN radio and baseband protocols for the PHY and MAC layers. AP 102 and STA 104 transmit and receive wireless communications to and from each other in the form of PHY Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) (also referred to below as “Wi-Fi communication” or “wireless packets”). AP 102 and STA 104 in WLAN 100 can transmit PPDUs on unlicensed spectrum, which can be a portion of the spectrum including bands traditionally used by Wi-Fi technologies, such as the 2.4 GHz band, 5 GHz band, 60 GHz band, 3.6 GHz band, and 900 MHz band. Some examples of AP 102 and STA 104 described herein can also communicate in other bands that can support both licensed and unlicensed communications, such as the 5.9 GHz band and 6 GHz band. AP 102 and STA 104 can also communicate on other frequency bands, such as shared licensed bands, where multiple operators may have licenses to operate in one or more of the same or overlapping frequency bands.

[0054] Each frequency band can include multiple sub-bands or frequency channels. For example, PPDUs conforming to revisions of the IEEE 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be standards can be transmitted in 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz bands, where each band is divided into multiple 20 MHz channels. Therefore, these PPDUs are transmitted on physical channels with a minimum bandwidth of 20 MHz, but larger channels can be formed through channel bonding. For example, PPDUs can be transmitted on physical channels with bandwidths of 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, or 320 MHz by bonding multiple 20 MHz channels together.

[0055] Each PPDU is a composite structure comprising a PHY preamble and a payload in the form of a PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU). The information provided in the preamble can be used by the receiving device to decode subsequent data in the PSDU. In instances where the PPDU is transmitted on a bound channel, the preamble field may be copied and transmitted in each of the multiple component channels. The PHY preamble may include both a legacy portion (or "legacy preamble") and a non-legacy portion (or "non-legacy preamble"). The legacy preamble can be used for other purposes such as packet detection, automatic gain control, and channel estimation. The legacy preamble is also typically used to maintain compatibility with legacy equipment. The format, decoding, and information provided in the non-legacy portion of the preamble are associated with the specific IEEE 802.11 protocol to be used to transmit the payload.

[0056] Figure 2 An example Protocol Data Unit (PDU) 200 capable of being used for wireless communication between a wireless AP 102 and one or more wireless STAs 104 is shown. For example, the PDU 200 can be configured as a PPDU. As shown, the PDU 200 includes a PHY preamble 202 and a PHY payload 204. For example, the preamble 202 may include a legacy portion, which itself includes a legacy short training field (L-STF) 206 consisting of two symbols, a legacy long training field (L-LTF) 208 consisting of two symbols, and a legacy signal field (L-SIG) 210 consisting of two symbols. The legacy portion of the preamble 202 may be configured according to the IEEE 802.11a wireless communication protocol standard. The preamble 202 may also include a non-legacy portion, which includes one or more non-legacy fields 212, for example, conforming to one or more of the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol standard family.

[0057] L-STF 206 generally enables the receiving device to perform coarse timing and frequency tracking, as well as automatic gain control (AGC). L-LTF 208 generally enables the receiving device to perform fine timing and frequency tracking, and also to perform initial estimation of the radio channel. L-SIG 210 generally enables the receiving device to determine (e.g., acquire, select, identify, detect, determine, calculate, or compute) the duration of the PDU and use the determined duration to avoid transmission over the PDU. The legacy portion of the preamble can be modulated according to a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme, including L-STF 206, L-LTF 208, and L-SIG 210. The payload 204 can be modulated according to a BPSK modulation scheme, a quadrature BPSK (Q-BPSK) modulation scheme, a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation scheme, or another suitable modulation scheme. Payload 204 may include a PSDU containing a data field (DATA) 214, which in turn may carry higher-level data in the form of, for example, MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) or Aggregated MPDU (A-MPDU).

[0058] Figure 3 Another example PPDU 350 capable of wireless communication between a wireless AP and one or more wireless STAs is shown. The PPDU 350 can be used for SU, OFDMA, or MU-MIMO transmission. The PPDU 350 can be formatted as an Extremely High Throughput (EHT) WLAN PPDU according to the IEEE 802.11be revision of the IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol family of standards, or it can be formatted as any later (post-EHT) version of the PPDU that conforms to a new wireless communication protocol (conforming to future IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol standards, such as the 802.11 revision associated with Wi-Fi 8, or another wireless communication standard). The PPDU 350 includes a PHY preamble, which includes a legacy portion 352 and a non-legacy portion 354. The PPDU 350 may also include a PHY payload 356 after the preamble (e.g., in the form of a PSDU including a data field 374).

[0059] The legacy portion 352 of the preamble includes L-STF 358, L-LTF 360, and L-SIG 362. The non-legacy portion 354 of the preamble includes a repetition of L-SIG (RL-SIG) 364, as well as multiple wireless communication protocol version-related signal fields following RL-SIG 364. For example, the non-legacy portion 354 may include a general signal field 366 (referred to herein as "U-SIG 366") and an EHT signal field 368 (referred to herein as "EHT-SIG 368"). The presence of RL-SIG 364 and U-SIG 366 indicates to EHT or later versions that PPDU 350 is an EHT PPDU or any later (post-EHT) version PPDU conforming to a new wireless communication protocol (conforming to future IEEE 802.11 wireless communication protocol standards). One or both of U-SIG 366 and EHT-SIG 368 can be configured as other wireless communication protocol versions above EHT that are associated with a revision of the IEEE standards family and carry version-related information. For example, U-SIG 366 can be used by a receiving device to decode bits in one or more of EHT-SIG 368 or data field 374. Similar to L-STF 358, L-LTF 360, and L-SIG 362, in instances involving the use of bound channels, the information in U-SIG 366 and EHT-SIG 368 can be copied and transmitted in each of the component 20MHz channels.

[0060] The non-legacy portion 354 also includes an additional short training field 370 (referred to herein as "EHT-STF 370," though it can also be constructed for other wireless communication protocol versions above EHT and carry version-related information) and one or more additional long training fields 372 (referred to herein as "EHT-LTF 372," though they can also be constructed for other wireless communication protocol versions above EHT and carry version-related information). EHT-STF 370 can be used for timing and frequency tracking as well as AGC, while EHT-LTF 372 can be used for more refined channel estimation.

[0061] EHT-SIG 368 can be used by the AP to identify one or more STAs 104 and notify those STAs that the AP has scheduled UL or DL ​​resources for them. EHT-SIG 368 can be decoded by each compatible STA 104 served by AP 102. EHT-SIG 368 can generally be used by the receiving device to interpret the bits in data field 374. For example, EHT-SIG 368 may include RU allocation information, spatial flow configuration information, and per-user (e.g., STA-specific) signaling information. Each EHT-SIG 368 may include a common field and at least one user-specific field. In the context of OFDMA, the common field may indicate the RU distribution across multiple STAs 104, indicate RU assignment in the frequency domain, indicate which RUs are allocated for MU-MIMO transmission and which RUs correspond to OFDMA transmission, and the number of users in the allocation, etc. The user-specific field is assigned to a specific STA 104 and carries STA-specific scheduling information, such as user-specific MCS values ​​and user-specific RU allocation information. This information enables the corresponding STA104 to identify and decode the corresponding RU in the associated data field 374.

[0062] Figure 4 A layered format of an example PPDU capable of being used for communication between a wireless AP 102 and one or more wireless STAs 104 is shown. As described, each PPDU 400 includes a PHY preamble 402 and a PSDU 404. Each PSDU 404 may represent (or “carry”) one or more MAC Protocol Data Units (MPDUs) 416. For example, each PSDU 404 may carry an aggregated MPDU (A-MPDU) 406, which includes an aggregation of multiple A-MPDU subframes 408. Each A-MPDU subframe 406 may include an MPDU frame 410, which includes a MAC delimiter 412 and a MAC header 414 preceding the accompanying MPDU 416, which includes the data portion (“payload” or “frame body”) of the MPDU frame 410. Each MPDU frame 410 may also include a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field 418 for error detection (e.g., the FCS field may include Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)) and padding bits 420. MPDU 416 may carry one or more MAC Service Data Units (MSDUs). For example, MPDU 416 may carry an aggregated MSDU (A-MSDU) 422, which includes multiple A-MSDU subframes 424. Each A-MSDU subframe 424 contains a corresponding MSDU frame 426, which has an MSDU 430 preceded by a subframe header 428 and, in some cases, followed by padding bits 432.

[0063] Referring back to MPDU frame 410, MAC delimiter 412 can act as a marker for the start of the associated MPDU 416 and indicate the length of the associated MPDU 416. MAC header 414 may include multiple fields containing information defining or indicating the characteristics or attributes of the data encapsulated within the frame body of MPDU frame 406. MAC header 414 includes a duration field indicating the duration from the end of the PPDU to at least the end of the acknowledgment (ACK) or block ACK (BA) to be sent by the receiving wireless communication device for that PPDU. The use of the duration field is to preserve the wireless medium until the indicated duration and to enable the receiving device to establish its Network Allocation Vector (NAV). MAC header 414 also includes one or more fields indicating the address of the data encapsulated within the frame body of MPDU frame 406. For example, MAC header 414 may include a combination of source address, transmitter address, receiver address, or destination address. MAC header 414 may also include a frame control field containing control information. The frame control field may specify the frame type, such as a data frame, control frame, or management frame.

[0064] AP 102 and STA 104 support multi-user (MU) communication; that is, concurrent transmission from one device to each of multiple devices (e.g., multiple simultaneous downlink (DL) communications from AP 102 to corresponding STA 104s), or concurrent transmission from multiple devices to a single device (e.g., multiple simultaneous uplink (UL) communications from corresponding STA 104 to AP 102). To support MU transmission, AP 102 and STA 104 can utilize multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) and multi-user orthogonal frequency division multiple access (MU-OFDMA) technologies.

[0065] In the MU-OFDMA scheme, the available spectrum of the radio channel can be divided into multiple Resource Units (RUs), each comprising multiple frequency subcarriers (also referred to as "tones"). Different RUs can be allocated by AP 102 at specific times or assigned to different STAs 104. The size and distribution of RUs are referred to as RU allocation. In some examples, RUs can be allocated in 2MHz intervals, and thus, the smallest RU can include 26 tones consisting of 24 data tones and 2 pilot tones. Therefore, in a 20MHz channel, up to 9 RUs (such as 2MHz, 26-tone RUs) can be allocated (because some tones are reserved for other purposes). Similarly, in a 160MHz channel, up to 74 RUs can be allocated. Larger 52-tone, 106-tone, 242-tone, 484-tone, and 996-tone RUs can also be allocated. Adjacent RUs can be separated by empty subcarriers (such as DC subcarriers) to reduce interference between adjacent RUs, reduce receiver DC offset, and avoid transmission center frequency leakage.

[0066] For UL MU transmissions, AP 102 can send trigger frames to initiate and synchronize ULMU-OFDMA or UL MU-MIMO transmissions from multiple STAs 104 to AP 102. Such trigger frames thus enable multiple STAs 104 to concurrently transmit UL services to AP 102 in time. The trigger frame can address one or more STAs 104 via a corresponding Association Identifier (AID), and can assign one or more RUs to each AID (and thus to each STA 104), which can be used to transmit UL services to AP 102. AP can also specify one or more Random Access (RA) RUs that are contentious for by unscheduled STAs 104.

[0067] In certain environments, locations, or conditions, regulatory agencies may impose power spectral density (PSD) limits on one or more communication channels or an entire frequency band (e.g., the 6 GHz band). PSD is a measure of transmit power as a function of unit bandwidth (e.g., per 1 MHz). Therefore, the total transmit power is the product of the PSD and the total bandwidth transmitted. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) defines three power levels for operation in the 6 GHz band: standard power, low-power indoor, and ultra-low power. Some APs and STAs operating in the 6 GHz band may meet the low-power indoor (LPI) power level, which limits the transmit power of APs and STAs to 5 dBm / MHz and -1 dBm / MHz, respectively. In other words, PSD limits are applied to transmit power in the 6 GHz band on a per-MHz basis.

[0068] Such PSD limitations unnecessarily reduce transmission range, decrease packet detection capability, and reduce channel estimation capabilities for APs and STAs. In some examples of transmission with PSD limitations, AP 102 and / or STA 104 of WLAN 100 can transmit on a larger transmission bandwidth to allow for increased total transmit power, thereby increasing SNR and expanding the coverage of the wireless communication device. For example, to overcome or relax the PSD limitation, the wireless communication device can implement a duplicate (DUP) mode for transmission, in which data in the payload portion of the PPDU is modulated for transmission on a “basic” frequency subband (such as the first RU for OFDMA transmission) and copied (e.g., repeated) to another frequency subband (such as the second RU for OFDMA transmission). While the data rate for each copy of user data transmitted using DUP mode can be the same as the data rate for transmission using “normal” mode, the transmit power for transmission using DUP mode can be substantially doubled by the number of copies of data being transmitted, at the cost of increased bandwidth. Therefore, using EHT DUP mode may increase range but reduce spectral efficiency.

[0069] In some other examples where transmission is limited by PSD, distributed tone mapping operations can be used to increase the bandwidth through which STA 104 communicates uplink communications to AP 102. As used herein, the term "distributed transmission" refers to PPDU transmission on discontinuous tones (or subcarriers) of a wireless channel. In contrast, the term "continuous transmission" refers to PPDU transmission on continuous tones. As used herein, a logical RU represents the multiple tones or subcarriers assigned to a given STA 104 for transmitting PPDUs. As used herein, the term "regular RU" (or rRU) refers to any undistributed RU or MRU tone scheme, such as a configuration supported by 802.11be or earlier versions of the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless communication protocol standards. As used herein, the term "distributed RU" (or dRU) refers to tones distributed across a set of discontinuous subcarrier indexes mapped to by a logical RU. The term "distributed tone scheme" refers to the set of discontinuous subcarrier indexes associated with a dRU. A channel or a portion of a channel that distributes a range of tones is called the spread spectrum bandwidth, which can be, for example, 40 MHz, 80 MHz or higher.

[0070] By enabling the STA 104 to modulate modulation symbols onto discontinuous tones scattered throughout or a portion of the wireless channel in a distributed manner, distributed transmission can achieve an increase in per-tone transmission power for each individual distributed tone, and thus an increase in the total transmission power of the PPDU, without exceeding the PSD limit of the wireless channel. Furthermore, distributed transmission by multiple STA 104s can be multiplexed onto different sets of distributed tones sharing a wireless channel, thereby increasing the transmission power of each device without sacrificing spectral efficiency. This increase in transmission power can be combined with modulation-decoding schemes (MCS) to increase the range and throughput of wireless communication on PSD-limited wireless channels. Distributed transmission also provides greater flexibility in terms of medium utilization in PSD-constrained wireless channels. Distributed transmission can also improve packet detection and channel estimation capabilities.

[0071] Figure 5 A frequency diagram 500 depicting an example distributed tone mapping based on some examples is shown. More specifically, Figure 5 This shows how to distribute PPDUs (such as Figure 4 The tone of payload 501 of PPDU 400 is mapped in an example for transmission over the spread spectrum bandwidth of the radio channel. In the illustrated example, the tone in logical RU 504 associated with payload 501 is mapped to dRU 506 according to a distributed tone scheme. In some examples, payload 501 may be modulated on logical RU 504 associated with a non-distributed tone scheme (such as an old-style tone scheme or a non-old-style tone scheme) and further mapped to dRU 506 according to the distributed tone scheme. Logical RU 504 represents several tones or subcarriers allocated for the transmission of PPDU 502. In contrast, dRU 506 represents the physical resources (identified by subcarrier indexes) on which symbols are modulated or on which symbols are modulated to transmit PPDU 502.

[0072] To perform distributed tone transmission, an STA (such as STA 104) can distribute tones by modulating symbols onto tones according to a legacy tone scheme. In such an example, the wireless communication device can modulate a portion of symbols on multiple (M) tones representing logical RUs associated with one or more legacy tone schemes, and can also map the M tones to M non-contiguous subcarrier indices associated with the wireless channel according to the distributed tone scheme. In some other examples, the wireless communication device can distribute tones by modulating symbols directly based on a distributed tone scheme. In such an example, the wireless communication device can modulate a portion of symbols on multiple (M) tones that coincide with the M non-contiguous subcarrier indices associated with the wireless channel according to the distributed tone scheme.

[0073] In some examples, logical RU 504 may represent an rRU as defined in existing versions of the IEEE 802.11 standard. In other words, logical RU 504 is directly mapped to the corresponding rRU according to legacy or non-distributed tone schemes. Figure 5 In the example, the logical RU 504 includes 26 tones. However, when mapped to an rRU, the transmit power of the logical RU 504 may be severely limited based on the PSD of the wireless channel. For example, in the 6 GHz band, the LPI power level limits the transmit power of the AP and STA to 5 dBm / MHz and -1 dBm / MHz, respectively. Thus, the transmit power per tone of the logical RU 504 is limited by the number of tones mapped to each 1 MHz subchannel of the wireless channel. Therefore, each 1 MHz subchannel of a PSD-limited channel may be referred to herein as a "PSD-limited subchannel".

[0074] All aspects of this disclosure recognize that the per-tone transmit power of the logic RU 504 can be increased by spreading the tones across a wider bandwidth distribution. Increasing the per-tone transmit power can also increase the total transmit power of the logic RU 504. Therefore, in some examples, the logic RU 504 can be mapped to a set of non-contiguous subcarrier indices that span a wider channel bandwidth (commonly referred to in the art as "spreading bandwidth" or "distributed bandwidth"). See, for example, [reference needed]. Figure 5 According to the distributed tone scheme, logical RU 504 is mapped to dRU 506. More specifically, logical RU 504 is mapped to 26 non-contiguous subcarrier indices spread across a 40MHz radio channel (where the spreading bandwidth is equal to 40MHz). Compared to the tone mapping described above regarding the non-distributed tone scheme, Figure 5 The distributed tone mapping described effectively reduces the number of tones (in logic RU 504) in each 1MHz sub-channel. For example, each of the 26 tones can be mapped to a different 1MHz sub-channel within a 40MHz channel. Therefore, implementation... Figure 5 Each AP or STA with distributed tone mapping can maximize its per-tone transmit power (which maximizes the total transmit power of the logic RU504).

[0075] To support distributed transmission, new packet designs and signaling are required to indicate whether a PPDU is transmitted across tones of rRUs (according to the legacy tone scheme) or dRUs (according to the distributed tone scheme). For example, the current version of the IEEE 802.11 standard defines a trigger frame format that can be used to request the transmission of trigger-based (TB) PPDUs from one or more STA 104s. The trigger frame allocates resources to the STA 104 for the transmission of the TB PPDU and indicates how the TB PPDU will be configured for transmission. For example, the trigger frame may indicate the logical RU or MRU allocated for transmission in the TB PPDU. In some examples, the trigger frame may also be configured to carry tone distribution information indicating whether a logical RU (or MRU) is mapped to an rRU or a dRU.

[0076] In some examples, the transmitting device (such as a STA or AP) may include a distributed tone mapper (such as a reference) that maps logical RU 504 to dRU 506 in the frequency domain. Figure 5 (As described). The dRU 506 is then converted into a time-domain signal (e.g., via Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT)) for transmission over a wireless channel. A receiving device (e.g., an AP or STA) receives the time-domain signal over the wireless channel and converts (reconstructs) the time-domain signal back to the dRU 506 (e.g., via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)). In some examples, the receiving device may include a distributed tone modulation mapper that demaps the dRU 506 to a logic RU 504. In other words, the distributed tone modulation mapper inverts the mapping performed by the distributed tone mapper at the transmitting device. The receiving device can then recover the information carried (or modulated) on the logic RU 504 as a result of the demapping.

[0077] exist Figure 5 In the example, the logic RU 504 is uniformly distributed across the spread spectrum bandwidth. Although Figure 5 The example shown illustrates a 40 MHz spread spectrum bandwidth, but the spread spectrum bandwidth can also include 80 MHz, 160 MHz, or 320 MHz. However, in practical examples, the logic RU 504 can be mapped to any appropriate pattern of non-contiguous subcarrier indexing. For example, in various examples, the distance between any pair of adjacent modulated tones can be different (e.g., less than or greater than). Figure 5 The distance described in the text. Furthermore, in some aspects, multiple logical RUs can be mapped to interleaved subcarrier indices sharing a wireless channel.

[0078] Figure 6 A block diagram of an example wireless communication system 600 supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation according to some aspects of this disclosure is shown. For example, Figure 6Examples of extending the dRU to bandwidths exceeding 80 MHz (such as distributed bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth) are illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 600 can achieve this. Figure 1 The wireless communication network 100 includes various aspects. The wireless communication system 600 may include a first wireless communication device 602 and a second wireless communication device 650. In some examples, the first wireless communication device 602 may include or correspond to Figure 1 AP 102, and the second wireless communication device 650 may include or correspond to Figure 1 STA 104. In some other examples, the first wireless communication device 602 may include or correspond to Figure 1 The STA 104, and the second wireless communication device 650 may include or correspond to Figure 1 AP 102. Although two wireless communication devices 602 and 650 are illustrated, in some other examples, wireless communication system 600 may typically include more than three wireless communication devices, such as multiple APs, multiple STAs, or combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 600 may optionally include one or more other wireless communication devices, such as a third wireless communication device 690. In some examples, the third wireless communication device 690 may be a second STA, such as STA 104.

[0079] The first wireless communication device 602 may include various components (such as architectural components, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 604 (collectively, “processor 604”), one or more memory devices 606 (collectively, “memory 606”), a buffer 626, and one or more transceivers 630 (collectively, “transceiver 630”). In some examples, transceiver 630 may include an interface (such as a communication interface) that includes a transmitter and a receiver. In some other examples, the first wireless communication device 602 may include a transmitter, a receiver, or a combination thereof. The processor 604 may be configured to execute instructions 608 stored in the memory 606 to perform the operations described herein.

[0080] The memory 606 includes or is configured to store instructions 608, scheduling information 610, and RU allocation information 612. The memory 606 may also include or be configured to store one or more of the following: dRU indication information 614, distributed bandwidth information 616, spread spectrum bandwidth information 618, dRU cyclic shift delay (CSD) information 620, tone modulation mapping scheme information 622, and tone modulation mapping mode information 624.

[0081] Scheduling information 610 may be generated by the first wireless communication device 602 to schedule transmissions for other devices in the wireless communication system 600. For example, scheduling information 610 may instruct or allocate wireless communication resources for a second wireless communication device 650. For illustration, scheduling information 610 may be included in data packets (such as trigger frames), and as... Figure 6 As shown in the example of the first data packet 628, the second data packet 629 is scheduled. In some examples, the scheduling information 610 may include RU allocation information 612. Additionally or alternatively, the scheduling information 610 may include one or more of dRU indication information 614, distributed bandwidth information 616, spread spectrum bandwidth information 618, or dRU CSD information 620.

[0082] RU allocation information 612 indicates the logical RU (or MRU) allocated for the STA (also known as the user) associated with the user information field, and dRU indication information 614 indicates whether the allocated logical RU is mapped to an rRU or a dRU.

[0083] RU allocation information 612 can allocate dRUs to STAs based on RU allocation indexes that conform to an existing RU allocation table. RU allocation indexes or RU indexes can indicate the size and relative location of dRUs within a given bandwidth (e.g., the first 26-tone dRU with a 40MHz bandwidth, the second 26-tone dRU with a 40MHz bandwidth, the first 52-tone dRU with an 80MHz bandwidth, or the second 52-tone dRU with an 80MHz bandwidth, etc.).

[0084] RU allocation information 612 can be carried in the RU allocation subfield of the user information field, as defined by existing versions of the IEEE 802.11 standard. In other words, existing RU allocation subfields can be reused to indicate the logical RU associated with an rRU or dRU transmission.

[0085] The dRU indication information 614 (also referred to as distributed transmission information or hybrid dRU and rRU indication information) indicates whether one or more of the allocated logical RUs include dRUs. For example, the dRU indication information 614 can be indicated per STA and indicate whether the allocated logical RU is a dRU or an rRU. In some examples, the dRU indication information 614 is a per-spread bandwidth indication or a per-fixed bandwidth (such as per 80 MHz) indication. The dRU indication information 614 can indicate whether the PPDU is a hybrid or promiscuous transmission including one or more non-distributed RUs (rRUs) and one or more dRUs. In some examples, the dRU indication information 614 is related to or determined by a vote per 80 MHz for the bandwidth allocated to rRUs or dRUs for hybrid transmission.

[0086] The distributed bandwidth information 616 indicates the distributed bandwidth associated with one or more dRUs. For example, the distributed bandwidth information 616 may indicate the bandwidth on which all dRUs spread. In some examples, each dRU spreads over the entire bandwidth. In other examples, each dRU occupies a smaller bandwidth (such as the spreading bandwidth) within the distributed bandwidth. The distributed bandwidth may be indicated by a field or indicator of three or more bits to indicate a bandwidth greater than 80 MHz.

[0087] The spreading bandwidth information 618 indicates the spreading bandwidth associated with one or more dRUs. For example, the spreading bandwidth information 618 may indicate the bandwidth size at which all dRUs are first distributed or mapped on the distributed bandwidth before being further mapped, distributed, or interleaved. Alternatively, the spreading bandwidth information 618 may indicate the bandwidth size and a specific portion of the distributed bandwidth for which a particular dRU is first partially or locally distributed before being further distributed on the distributed bandwidth.

[0088] Therefore, if the RU is a dRU or rRU, each STA can determine its RU allocation, as well as the distribution bandwidth and spreading bandwidth associated with its allocated RU, based on receiving one or more of 610-618.

[0089] The dRU CSD information 620 includes CSD information, such as the CSD value used for dRU or distributed transmission. For example, the dRU CSD information 620 includes, indicates, or can be used to determine CSD start index information. The CSD start index information can identify the starting CSD value used for one or more dRUs. For illustration, the dRU CSD start index information can point to the corresponding entry in a global CSD table that stores multiple (N) global CSD values.

[0090] The distributed tone modulation mapping scheme information 622 includes or corresponds to data used to determine which tone modulation mapping scheme to apply, which distributed tone modulation mapping plan or mode to apply, or both. For example, the distributed tone modulation mapping scheme information 622 may include information for various types of distributed tone modulation mapping operations, such as demapping operations for demapping dRUs generated by one-step mapping operations, two-step mapping operations, quantization operations, or upsampling operations, as illustrative and non-limiting examples. Reference Figures 8 to 12 The various distributed tone mapping schemes are further described.

[0091] Additionally, the distributed tone modulation mapping scheme information 622 may include or correspond to one or more thresholds or conditions for selecting a specific type of scheme or demapping mode. For illustration, a specific tone modulation mapping scheme may be determined based on an operating mode (such as OFDMA, MIMO, UL, SU-DL as illustrative, non-limiting examples) or by indication, and a specific tone modulation mapping mode may be determined based on the determined tone modulation mapping scheme and distributed transmission information (such as distributed bandwidth, the number of allocated RUs, RU tone size, and mixed dRU and rRU transmission as illustrative, non-limiting examples).

[0092] The distributed tone modulation mapping mode information 624 includes or corresponds to data used to demap the distributed tones (subcarrier indices) of the dRU back to the continuous tones of the assigned RU for further reception processing. For example, the distributed tone modulation mapping mode information 624 may include information for demapping or deconstructing discontinuous tones under different conditions. For illustration, the distributed tone modulation mapping mode information 624 may include different demapping modes for different distribution bandwidths, different spreading bandwidths, different tone amounts (such as RU tone sizes), and different mapping schemes, as an illustrative and non-limiting example.

[0093] Buffer 626 is configured to temporarily store (such as buffer) one or more data packets generated by or to be processed by the first wireless communication device 602. For example, buffer 626 may include or correspond to a TX buffer that buffers one or more data packets to be wirelessly transmitted by the first wireless communication device 602. Buffer 626 may store data packets until a data packet is transmitted, until a specific time, until a refresh operation is initiated, for a specific packet lifetime, until buffer 626 is full, or until another trigger condition is detected. Additionally, buffer 626 may store received data packets until a data packet is processed, until a specific time, until a refresh operation is initiated, for a specific packet lifetime, until buffer 626 is full, or until another trigger condition is detected.

[0094] Transceiver 630 is configured to transmit control information and data (such as one or more packets) to or from one or more other devices. For example, transceiver 630 may transmit control information and data to and receive control information and data from a second wireless communication device 650. In some examples, transceiver 630 may include or correspond to a reference. Figure 1 One or more components of the described AP 102 or STA 104.

[0095] The second wireless communication device 650 may include various components (such as structural components and hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 652 (collectively referred to as “processor 652”), one or more memory devices 654 (collectively referred to as “memory 654”), and one or more transceivers 669 (collectively referred to as “transceiver 669”). In some examples, transceiver 669 may include an interface (such as a communication interface) that includes a transmitter and a receiver. In some other examples, the second wireless communication device 650 may include a transmitter, a receiver, or a combination thereof. Processor 652 may be configured to execute instructions 656 stored in memory 654 to perform the operations described herein.

[0096] The memory 654 includes or is configured to store instructions 656 and distributed tone mapping scheme information 658, distributed tone mapping mode information 660, data 662, training field information 664, assigned tone information 665, distributed tone information 667, and dRU information 668.

[0097] Distributed tone mapping scheme information 658 includes or corresponds to data used to determine which tone mapping scheme, distributed tone mapping plan or pattern, or both, to apply. For example, distributed tone mapping scheme information 658 may include information for various types of distributed tone mapping operations, such as one-step mapping operations, two-step mapping operations, quantization operations, or upsampling operations, as illustrative and non-limiting examples. Reference Figures 8 to 12 The various distributed tone mapping schemes are further described.

[0098] Additionally, the distributed tone mapping scheme information 658 may include or correspond to one or more thresholds or conditions for selecting a specific type of scheme or mapping mode. For illustration, a specific tone mapping scheme may be determined based on an operating mode (such as OFDMA, MIMO, UL, SU-DL as illustrative, non-limiting examples) or by indication, and a specific tone mapping mode may be determined based on the determined tone mapping scheme and distributed transmission information (such as distributed bandwidth, the number of allocated RUs, RU tone size, and mixed dRU and rRU transmission as illustrative, non-limiting examples).

[0099] Since the distributed tone of the dRU can include payload symbols and LTF symbols, the distributed tone mapping scheme information 658 can include a distributed LTF tone mapping scheme. For example, the distributed tone mapping scheme information 658 can include a distribution scheme for LTF tones over the spread spectrum bandwidth, distributed bandwidth, or both. The distribution scheme for LTF tones can be determined based on or in association with the distribution scheme for the tones used for the payload data. For illustration, if using reference... Figure 12 The upsampling distribution scheme described above is used to determine the distributed pitch of the payload data, and the upsampling distribution scheme can be used to determine the distributed LTF pitch of the LTF sequence.

[0100] The distributed tone mapping pattern information 660 includes or corresponds to distributed tone (subcarrier index) for distributing continuous tones of the allocated RUs to the dRUs, or data for determining the location (subcarrier index) of the distributed tones. For example, the distributed tone mapping pattern information 660 may include information for distributing continuous tones to non-continuous tones under different conditions. For illustration, the distributed tone mapping pattern information 660 may include different mapping patterns for different distribution bandwidths, different spreading bandwidths, different tone amounts (such as RU tone sizes), and different mapping schemes, as an illustrative and non-limiting example.

[0101] Furthermore, since the distributed tone of the dRU can include payload symbols and LTF symbols, the distributed tone mapping pattern information 660 can include a distributed LTF tone mapping pattern. For example, the distributed tone mapping pattern information 660 can include a distribution pattern for LTF tones over the spread spectrum bandwidth, distributed bandwidth, or both. The distribution pattern for LTF tones can be determined based on or in association with the dRU tone plan used for the payload data.

[0102] Data 662 includes or corresponds to payload data (such as 501) to be transmitted by the second wireless communication device 650. For example, symbols corresponding to data 662 can be modulated and transmitted by the wireless communication device in the payload of a data packet. When modulated symbols are transmitted via a dRU, the symbols corresponding to the data can be modulated onto a distributed tone or subcarrier index.

[0103] Training field information 664 includes or corresponds to STF information, LTF information, or both, used for dRU or distributed transmission. Training field information 664 may include or correspond to STF sequences and LTF sequences.

[0104] The assigned tone information 665 includes or corresponds to continuous tones assigned to logical RUs of the second wireless communication device 650. Distributed tone information 667 includes or corresponds to distributed discontinuous tones among the assigned tones indicated by the assigned tone information 665. The second wireless communication device 650 (such as its tone mapper) determines the distributed discontinuous tones for dRUs and corresponding to the assigned tones by modifying the positioning of one or more continuous tones through a tone mapping scheme (which may be determined based on tone mapping scheme information 658) such as tone mapping pattern information 660. For example, continuous tones may be sequentially mapped or interleaved with other assigned tones of other logical RUs and dRUs according to a tone pattern associated with the distribution bandwidth to distribute the assigned tones. In some examples, the demapper may perform a two-stage tone mapping / distribution operation to generate partially distributed tones over the spread spectrum bandwidth, and then generate distributed tones based on the partially distributed tones and the distribution bandwidth.

[0105] dRU information 668 includes or corresponds to data indicating or corresponding to associating the symbols of data 662 and training field information 664 with the corresponding tones of distributed tones in distributed tone information 667.

[0106] Transceiver 669 is configured to transmit control information and data to one or more other devices, and to receive reference signals, control information, and data from one or more other devices. For example, transceiver 669 may transmit control information and data to a first wireless communication device 602, and receive control information and data from the first wireless communication device. In some examples, transceiver 669 may include or correspond to a reference signal. Figure 1 One or more components of the described AP 102 or STA 104.

[0107] Although not illustrated for simplicity, the second wireless communication device 650 may include a buffer, similar to buffer 626 of the first wireless communication device 602. The buffer may be configured to temporarily store (such as buffering) one or more data packets generated by, to be transmitted by, received by, or to be processed by the second wireless communication device 650. Additionally, the buffer may be configured to store symbols corresponding to payload data, LTF data, STF data, or combinations thereof to be transmitted, or symbols representing them.

[0108] During operation of the wireless communication system 600, a first wireless communication device 602 may generate one or more data packets, such as a first data packet 628, to be transmitted to other devices. During the generation process and until transmission, or at another time when a triggering condition occurs, the first data packet 628 may be stored in a buffer 626 of the first wireless communication device 602. The first data packet 628 may include scheduling information 610 and RU allocation information 612. The scheduling information 610 may indicate a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless devices of the wireless communication system 600 (including a second wireless communication device 650). The scheduling information 610 may include RU allocation information 612 and may allocate RUs of PPDUs to one or more wireless devices of the wireless communication system 600. For example, the RU allocation information may indicate one or more logical RUs for one or more wireless devices of the wireless communication system 600. The scheduling information 610 (such as dRU indication information, distributed bandwidth information, and its spreading bandwidth information) may indicate whether the allocated logical RU is a dRU and how the distributed tone for the dRU is determined.

[0109] The first wireless communication device 602 can determine how much data to allocate to each device based on the buffered data at each device in the wireless communication system 600. The first wireless communication device 602 can determine how much data to allocate to each device based on the amount of buffered data at each device.

[0110] Additionally or alternatively, the first wireless communication device 602 may also determine which tone mapping scheme and tone mapping plan to use based on the operating mode, configuration or type, and spectrum of the wireless device of the wireless communication system 600, as an exemplary non-limiting option.

[0111] In some examples, the first wireless communication device 602 can determine that the second wireless communication device 650 has data to transmit and is capable of operating to or being configured to distribute tones over a bandwidth greater than 80 MHz and modulate symbols over the distributed tones. The second wireless communication device 650 can transmit a second data packet 629 to the first wireless communication device 602, which includes a dRU 670. To transmit the second data packet 629, the second wireless communication device 650 can map multiple symbols from a first logical resource unit (RU) across the distributed bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the distributed bandwidth, as referenced. Figure 9 Further description.

[0112] In some such examples, mapping multiple symbols across the distributed bandwidth (or spreading bandwidth) includes: mapping data symbols across multiple symbols according to a dRU tone plan associated with the distributed bandwidth (or spreading bandwidth), and mapping LTF symbols across multiple symbols according to a dRU data tone plan (or a separate dRU long training field (LTF) tone plan) associated with the distributed bandwidth (or spreading bandwidth).

[0113] In some other examples, the first wireless communication device 602 may use a single distribution or determination step to determine that the second wireless communication device 650 is inoperable or configured to distribute tones over a bandwidth greater than 80 MHz. The second wireless communication device 650 may be able to distribute tones over a bandwidth greater than 80 MHz by first spreading tones over the spreading bandwidth and then distributing partially distributed tones over the distribution bandwidth. For example, the second wireless communication device 650 may transmit the second data packet 629 by first mapping multiple symbols from the first logical resource unit (RU) across the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth. The second wireless communication device 650 may also interleave tones with other dRUs, such as those from other devices, and as referenced... Figure 8 Further description, or determination of distributed pitch by increasing the pitch intervals between each pitch (as referenced) Figure 12 (Further described) to distribute the partial distributed tone. Then, the second wireless communication device 650 can modulate the symbols of data 662 and training field information 664 on the distributed tone to transmit dRU and second data packets 629.

[0114] Alternatively, the second wireless communication device 650 may transmit dRUs using logical or segmented dRUs. For example, the second wireless communication device 650 may perform a tone mapping operation by splitting the tone associated with the first logical resource unit (RU) among 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth (e.g., based on the spread spectrum bandwidth size) according to a proportional polling (PRR) resolver to generate a first tone for a first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for a second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth. The second wireless communication device 650 may then map a first symbol among a plurality of symbols to the first tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, and map a second symbol among a plurality of symbols to the second tone of the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, as referenced. Figure 10 Further description.

[0115] In some such examples, the second wireless communication device 650 may first quantize or reduce the pitch amount so that the second wireless communication device 650 can use a stored pitch distribution scheme, such as referenced in [reference]. Figure 11 and Figure 18 Further description.

[0116] Regarding the two-step tone mapping process, LTF tones can be mapped or distributed in a similar two-step manner to data tones. For example, LTF tones can be distributed across the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone plan for the spreading bandwidth, then interleaved across the distribution bandwidth, distributed across the distribution bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone plan for the distribution bandwidth, or have their tone spacing increased according to an up-frequency version of the dRU LTF tone plan for the spreading bandwidth. Alternatively, when data tones are first segmented into sub-channels and then distributed across the sub-channels, LTF tones can be segmented into sub-channels and then distributed across the sub-channels according to a dRU LTF tone plan for the spreading bandwidth.

[0117] The first wireless communication device 602 receives a second data packet 629, and optionally receives other data packets constituting the PPDU indicated by the first data packet 628. The first wireless communication device 602 may store and process the second data packet 629 in a buffer 626. For example, the first wireless communication device 602 may use distributed tone modulation mapping scheme information 622 and distributed tone modulation mapping mode information 624 to demap the modulation and distributed symbols of the second data packet 629. For illustration, if the first wireless communication device 602 is configured to process received signals across the entire distributed bandwidth (such as hardware for processing the received signals), the first wireless communication device 602 may demap or deparse the received modulation and distributed symbols in the step operation.

[0118] However, if the first wireless communication device 602 is capable of operating to process the received signal only across a portion of the distributed bandwidth (such as the spread spectrum bandwidth), then the first wireless communication device 602 can perform a two-step demapping process to reverse the distributed tone mapping performed by the second wireless communication device 650 and reorder the received modulation symbols. (See reference...) Figure 13 A further example of the two-step demapping process is described. After the received modulation symbols are demapped, the symbols can be demodulated. Alternatively, the symbols can be demodulated during the demapping process. For example, the received symbols can be de-analyzed or de-interleaved over the entire distributed bandwidth to re-segment or group the symbols, and then each group of symbols can be demodulated and further demapped according to the tone distribution plan used for the spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0119] As referenced above Figure 6As described, the wireless communication system 600 can support enhanced distributed transmission operations. In some examples, by extending the dRU to greater than 80 MHz, the wireless communication system 600 achieves increased power gain for a wider channel for a given PSD while utilizing current hardware.

[0120] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a timing diagram 700 illustrating a wireless communication system that supports enhanced distributed transmission based on one or more aspects. Figure 7 The example corresponds to an example of an enhanced distributed transmission operation used for uplink communication to the AP.

[0121] Figure 7 Examples include with Figure 1 and Figure 6 Devices similar to those described herein, such as AP 102, first STA 104 and second STA 704. Figure 7 The device may include, for example Figure 6 , Figure 16 or Figure 17 One or more of the components described.

[0122] At 710, AP 102 sends a distributed transmission voting transmission to the first STA 104, the second STA 704, or both. For example, AP 102 may send (such as a broadcast) a trigger frame, a voting message, or another transmission requesting the STA to provide information (such as a vote) regarding whether to use a dRU or rRU for one or more upcoming transmissions (such as PPDUs to be scheduled). AP 102 may request the STA to vote on which 80MHz blocks or subchannels of the wireless channel's bandwidth should use a dRU or rRU.

[0123] At 715 and 720, the STA can respond to distributed transmission voting. For example, the first STA 104 can transmit a message or frame indicating its preference or capability for a dRU or rRU. This indication can indicate the maximum spreading bandwidth the STA is configured to use. The second STA 704 can also transmit a similar message or frame indicating its preference or capability for a dRU or rRU for one or more 80MHz blocks of the radio channel.

[0124] At 725, AP 102 sends a trigger frame to first STA 104, second STA 704, or both to schedule PPDUs. For example, AP 102 may send (such as a broadcast) a trigger frame indicating a PPDU (such as a distributed transmission) with one or more dRUs. The PPDU or distributed transmission may be a hybrid PPDU or hybrid transmission that also includes rRUs. The trigger frame includes, as referenced... Figure 6 The scheduling information of the PPDU described. Trigger frames (such as their scheduling information) may also include RU allocation information, mixed dRU and rRU information, dRU indication information, distributed bandwidth information, spread spectrum bandwidth information, CSD information, or combinations thereof.

[0125] At 730 and 735, the STA can perform distributed tone mapping. For example, the first STA 104 can determine the distributed tone of the indicated dRU corresponding to the logical RU assigned to the first STA 104 by the trigger frame at 725. The second STA 704 can also determine the distributed tone of the indicated dRU corresponding to the logical RU assigned to the first STA 104 by the trigger frame at 725. The STA can be referenced as follows. Figure 5 , Figure 6 or Figures 8 to 12 The distributed tone is defined as described in any of the examples. In some examples, the distributed tone includes a tone for or associated with payload data (data tone, or simply tone) and a tone for or associated with the LTF sequence (LTF tone). See reference Figure 6 And further in Figures 8 to 12 As described herein, the LTF tone can be determined or distributed based on a tone distribution plan for payload data and spread spectrum bandwidth, or an LTF tone distribution plan associated with such tone distribution plan.

[0126] At 740 and 745, STAs can transmit their respective dRUs. For example, the first STA 104 can modulate symbols on a determined distributed tone for the indicated dRU to transmit the dRU for the PPDU. The second STA 704 can also modulate symbols on a determined distributed tone for the indicated dRU to transmit the dRU for the PPDU. The symbols modulated on the distributed tone can include or correspond to symbols for payload data (data symbols or simply symbols) and symbols for LTF sequence data (LTF symbols).

[0127] In some examples, STF symbols can be modulated to different tones based on the dRU tone plan or an STF tone plan associated with the dRU tone plan (such as a dRU tone plan associated with distributed bandwidth). In some such examples, the STA can apply a CSD (such as a per-user or STA CSD) to the STF associated with the PPDU. For example, the STA can apply a CSD value to the STF based on the dRU tone plan associated with distributed bandwidth. The CSD value can be determined based on dRU CSD start index information. The CSD allows AP 102 to determine which STA transmitted which symbol. Additionally or alternatively, one or more STAs that have assigned an RU to the PPDU can employ phase rotation to distinguish their symbols from other STAs.

[0128] At 750, AP 102 receives dRUs (drug-local symbols) from STAs, which represent modulation symbols, and processes the received dRUs. For example, AP 102 receives a first symbol for a first dRU from a first STA 104 and a second symbol for a second dRU from a second STA 704. However, since the first and second symbols are in the distributed tone and, in some examples, can even interleave with each other, AP 102 must demap the received symbols to process the PPDU. For illustration, AP 102 can process the received symbols by decrypting the received symbols to segment the first and second symbols. AP 102 can also process or map the first and second symbols separately according to a tone distribution scheme (such as a tone distribution scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth) to reorder the symbols according to the assigned logical RUs indicated by the trigger frame at 725.

[0129] although Figure 7 The example shown illustrates an uplink with multiple STAs, but in other examples, dRUs can be assigned to additional or fewer STAs. Alternatively, one or more rRUs can be assigned to one or more other STAs. Furthermore, in other examples, the AP can transmit PPDUs with dRUs. For example, in a single-user downlink scenario, the AP can transmit logical RUs that do not occupy the entire channel, and thus gain power by utilizing dRUs to transmit PPDUs in the downlink.

[0130] Therefore, in Figure 7 In the example, network devices may be able to participate in enhanced distributed transmission operations to increase power gain (such as meeting PSD settings or limits) without increasing PSD, which can improve network operation and user experience.

[0131] Figures 8 to 12 Examples of tone distribution operations according to some aspects of this disclosure are illustrated. Figures 8 to 12 The operation can be implemented by a wireless AP, a wireless STA, or components thereof, as described in this document. For example, Figures 8 to 12 The process can be performed by a wireless communication device (such as a wireless AP or wireless STA operating as or within that wireless AP or wireless STA) Figure 6 First wireless communication device 602 or reference Figure 16 The described wireless communication device 1600) performs this process. In some examples, process 1100 may be performed by a wireless AP (such as reference 1600). Figure 1 The AP 102 described herein is an AP or a wireless STA (such as the reference STA). Figure 1 The STA described in STA 104 is used to execute. Figures 8 to 12 The diagram illustrates the bandwidth of a wireless channel or the spectrum or spectral lines of PPDUs within the wireless channel. The spacing along the spectral lines within the wireless channel is approximated by scale markings.

[0132] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 Example process 800 is illustrated in accordance with some aspects of this disclosure and can be performed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. Process 800 is a two-step tone mapping operation in which the device first distributes its assigned tone over a spread spectrum bandwidth or local bandwidth allocation (such as a local 80MHz bandwidth to which the assigned logical RU belongs), and then distributes the partially or locally distributed tone over a larger bandwidth (such as the distribution bandwidth, the full bandwidth of the PPDU, or the full bandwidth of the channel).

[0133] Spread spectrum bandwidth and distribution bandwidth can be allocated by a scheduling device (such as AP 102). For example, a trigger frame may include two indications for spread spectrum bandwidth and distribution bandwidth, one bandwidth for spread spectrum or partial / partial distribution of a smaller bandwidth or subchannel, and the other bandwidth for full distribution over the distribution bandwidth. Alternatively, in some examples, a single distribution bandwidth, such as 160MHz or 320MHz, indicating the full spread spectrum bandwidth, may be provided. The network device can then partially or partially spread or distribute the allocated tones based on the maximum tone distribution plan bandwidth or based on hardware limitations (such as 80MHz). After identifying the distributed tone of the dRU corresponding to the tone of the allocated logical RU, the device can modulate symbols for or associated with the logical RU onto the distributed discontinuous tone of the dRU.

[0134] exist Figure 8In the example, device scheduling such as AP 102 includes PPDUs (such as distributed or hybrid transmissions) for logical RU 802 (first logical RU) and logical RU 804 (second logical RU). Logical RU 802 can be assigned to the first device (first STA), and logical RU 804 can be assigned to the second device (second STA).

[0135] During operation, a first device, such as a first STA 104, performs tone distribution operations to distribute (partially distribute) the assigned continuous tones across the spread spectrum bandwidth associated with logic RU 802 or dRU 810. For example, the first STA may perform distributed tone mapping to determine which distributed tones to modulate symbols for the PPDU and distribute the continuous tones associated with logic RU 802 to a first 80MHz portion of a 160MHz channel or 160MHz PPDU to generate a first partial distributed tone 806.

[0136] The second device also performs tone distribution operations to distribute (partially distribute) the assigned continuous tones across the second spread spectrum bandwidth associated with logic RU 804 or dRU 812. For example, the second STA can perform distributed tone mapping to determine which distributed tones to modulate symbols for the PPDU and distribute the continuous tones associated with logic RU 804 to the second 80MHz portion of the 160MHz channel or 160MHz PPDU to generate a second partial distributed tone 808. Although in Figure 8 In the examples, the second spreading bandwidth associated with logical RU 804 or dRU 812 is the same as the spreading bandwidth associated with logical RU 802 or dRU 810, but in other examples, the spreading bandwidth may be indicated by dRU or device and may be different.

[0137] Then, the first device performs a second tone distribution operation to further distribute a first portion of the distributed tone 806 corresponding to the tone of the logical RU 802 across the distribution bandwidth associated with the logical RU 802 or dRU 810. For illustration, in Figure 8 In the example, the first STA distributes a first portion of the bandwidth across a 160MHz channel or a 160MHz PPDU to a distributed tone 806 to generate a distributed discontinuous tone for the first dRU 810. The first device can then modulate symbols associated with logical RU 802 of the PPDU onto the distributed discontinuous tone of the first dRU 810 to transmit a portion of its PPDU.

[0138] Then, the second device performs a second tone distribution operation to further distribute a second portion of the distributed tone 808 corresponding to the tone of the logical RU 804 across the distributed bandwidth associated with the logical RU 804 or dRU 812. For example, in Figure 8 In the example, the second STA distributes the second portion of the distributed tone 808 across the entire bandwidth of the 160MHz channel or 160MHz PPDU to generate the distributed discontinuous tone of the second dRU 812. The second device can then modulate the symbol (second symbol) associated with the logical RU 804 of the PPDU onto the distributed discontinuous tone of the second dRU 812 to transmit a portion of its PPDU.

[0139] like Figure 8 As illustrated, the distributed tones of multiple dRUs are scattered across each other over the distributed bandwidth. Specifically, in Figure 8 In the example, the distributed tone of the first dRU 810 is interleaved with the distributed tone of the second dRU 812. The second tone distribution operation performed by the first STA and the second STA can be called interleaved tone (partially distributed tones 806 and 808), which can be used to identify the distributed tones of dRUs 810 and 812. STAs can transmit their respective symbols in an interleaved manner on their respective tones, which are interleaved with each other. For example, the tone from the first dRU 810 (first 80MHz or spread spectrum bandwidth) occupies the odd-numbered tones of the distribution bandwidth, and the tone from the second dRU 812 (second 80MHz) occupies the even-numbered tones of the distribution bandwidth.

[0140] Despite Figure 8 In the illustrated example, the distributed tones of dRUs 810 and 812 are distributed across a distributed bandwidth that spans or occupies the entire bandwidth of the radio channel or PPDU. However, in other examples, the distributed tones of dRUs 810 and 812 may be distributed across a distributed bandwidth smaller than the entire bandwidth of the channel or PPDU. For illustration, the distributed tones of dRUs 810 and 812 may be distributed over a 160MHz distributed bandwidth of a 240MHz or 320MHz channel. In some such examples, other portions of the radio channel (such as an additional 80MHz or a second 160MHz of the radio channel) may be perforated or dedicated to one or more rRUs, such as when the PPDU is a mixed transmission of dRUs and rRUs.

[0141] Despite Figure 8 In the example, two logical RUs are assigned, but in other examples, one or more additional RUs can be assigned. For example, additional RUs can be assigned to one or more other devices (such as a third device), additional RUs can be assigned to the first device or the second device, or a combination thereof.

[0142] In some examples, the device may distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tones based on a tone scheme of payload data. For instance, the device may modulate LTF symbols on distributed LTF tones, which are determined by mapping the assigned LTF tones based on an existing 80MHz dRU LTF tone scheme and interleaving the mapped LTF tones across the distributed bandwidth. In such examples, the values ​​of the LTF tone scheme and LTF symbols may correspond to the values ​​of the tone scheme and LTF symbols distributed across the distributed bandwidth for the spread spectrum. The values ​​of LTF tones or LTF symbols may include or correspond to a value of one or negative one.

[0143] Alternatively, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tone values ​​based on a new tone scheme used for bandwidth distribution. For example, the device could utilize an LTF sequence for a 160MHz dRU / RU that includes more LTF symbols and LTF tones than an LTF sequence for an 80MHz dRU / RU. In such examples, the LTF tone scheme and LTF symbol values ​​can correspond to the tone scheme and LTF symbol values ​​used for bandwidth distribution, such as the amount of additional LTF symbols.

[0144] The pitch index values ​​or pitch indices for dRU 810 and 812 can be determined based on tables or calculated using formulas. (See reference) Figure 19A and Figure 19B as well as Figure 20A and Figure 20B Examples of this tone index value determination for tone mapping and interleaving operations are further described. Deriving the dRU tone index using formulas or simplified tables (such as those for determining the dRU tone index using existing 80MHz tones) enables simpler tables and less memory to store the dRU tone index or the data used to derive it. In some such examples, half of the dRUs are separated from the other half by only one tone offset. This interleaving allows for uniform spread spectrum from 80MHz to larger bandwidths and preserves all 80MHz dRU properties, including peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Additionally, in some examples, no new LTF design is required.

[0145] refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9Example process 900, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is illustrated at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. Process 900 is a one-step tone mapping operation in which the device distributes its assigned tone over a distribution bandwidth greater than 80 MHz, or in which the device distributes its assigned tone over a spreading bandwidth greater than 80 MHz and equal to the size of the distribution bandwidth. In such examples, when using two bandwidths (such as spreading bandwidth and distribution bandwidth), the spreading bandwidth and distribution bandwidth are equal and may also be equal to or less than the size of the PPDU or the wireless channel. For illustration, when the PPDU does not span the entire channel or when the wireless channel is punctured and a portion of its bandwidth is limited or not allocated to the PPDU, the equal spreading bandwidth and distribution bandwidth may be less than the PPDU or the wireless channel.

[0146] Spread spectrum bandwidth, distributed bandwidth, or both can be allocated by a scheduling device (such as AP 102). For example, a trigger frame may include two indications for spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth, or a single indication for one or the other. The network device can then distribute the assigned tone for a specific logical RU based on the indicated bandwidth to determine the distributed discontinuous tone of the dRU. After identifying the tone of the dRU corresponding to the assigned logical RU, the device can modulate symbols used for or associated with the logical RU onto the distributed discontinuous tone of the dRU.

[0147] exist Figure 9 In the example, device scheduling such as AP 102 includes PPDUs (such as distributed transmission or hybrid transmission) for logical RU 902. Logical RU 902 can be assigned to device (STA 104).

[0148] During operation, a first device, such as the first STA 104, performs tone distribution operations to distribute (fully distribute) the assigned continuous tones of logic RU 902 across the spread spectrum bandwidth or distributed bandwidth associated with logic RU 902 or dRU 906. For illustration, the STA can perform distributed tone mapping to determine which distributed tones to modulate symbols for the PPDU and distribute the continuous tones associated with logic RU 802 across a 160MHz channel or the entire portion of a 160MHz PPDU. Figure 8 Compared to the two-step pitch mapping operation, Figure 9 The tone mapping operation is performed in one step across the entire distributed bandwidth. As described above, one-step distributed tone mapping can be signaled by using both the spread spectrum bandwidth and the distributed bandwidth (i.e., the spread spectrum bandwidth equals the distributed bandwidth) or by using a single bandwidth indication (spread spectrum or distributed) for one-step spread or distribution of the tone for logic RU 902.

[0149] The device can then modulate the symbols associated with the logical RU 902 of the PPDU onto the distributed discontinuous tone of the dRU 906 to transmit a portion of its PPDU. Although Figure 9 The examples illustrate operations for a single RU and a single STA, but in other examples, one or more other (second) STAs can be assigned logical RUs and a one-step distributed tone mapping operation can be performed. Additionally, in other examples, an STA can be assigned multiple RUs.

[0150] Additional or alternative land, although in Figure 9 In the illustrated example, the distributed tone of the dRU 906 is distributed across a spread spectrum / distributed bandwidth that spans or occupies the entire bandwidth of the radio channel or PPDU. However, in other examples, the distributed tone of the dRU 906 may be distributed across a distributed bandwidth smaller than the entire bandwidth of the channel or PPDU. For illustration, the distributed tone of the dRU 906 may be distributed over a 160MHz distributed bandwidth of a 240MHz or 320MHz channel. In some such examples, other portions of the radio channel (such as an additional 80MHz or a second 160MHz of the radio channel) may be perforated or dedicated to one or more rRUs, such as when the PPDU is a mixed transmission of dRUs and rRUs.

[0151] In some examples, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tone values ​​based on a tone scheme of payload data. For example, the device can modulate symbols on distributed LTF tones that are mapped based on an existing 80MHz dRU LTF tone scheme and interleaved over a distributed bandwidth, as referenced. Figure 8 As described. In such examples, the values ​​of the LTF tone scheme and LTF symbol can correspond to the extended LTF symbol of an 80MHz dRU LTF.

[0152] Alternatively, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tones based on a new tone scheme for bandwidth distribution, similar to... Figure 9 The step described herein is an operation for distributing the tone of payload data. For example, the device can utilize new LTF sequences and new LTF tone schemes for bandwidths wider than 80 MHz, such as LTF sequences and corresponding dRU LTF tone schemes for 160 MHz dRU / RU, which include more LTF symbols and LTF tones than the LTF sequences for 80 MHz dRU / RU.

[0153] refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10Example process 1000, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is illustrated and can be executed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. Process 1000 is a two-step tone mapping operation, wherein the device first divides its assigned tone into available sub-channels of a distributed bandwidth. The size of the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth can be set or fixed, such as a maximum processing size, for example, 80 MHz, or the size of the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth can correspond to the spreading bandwidth. As an illustrative example, a 320 MHz distributed bandwidth can have four 80 MHz sub-channels. Figure 10 In practice, the device uses a parser (such as a proportional parser or a polling parser) to segment, split, or map the tone of its assigned logical RUs to sub-channels.

[0154] In some examples, the parser (such as a proportional parser) splits the first half of the assigned tone into a first sub-channel and the second half into a second sub-channel. In other examples, the parser (such as a polling parser) can split the assigned tone in half by routing or distributing even-numbered tones to the first sub-channel and odd-numbered tones to the second sub-channel. Figure 10 In the example, the resolver splits the tones evenly. However, in other examples where the groups may have uneven bandwidth due to perforations or different spread spectrum bandwidths or distributed bandwidth sizes, the proportional polling (PPR) resolver can split the tones proportionally between the groups based on bandwidth ratios (such as 1:2, 1:3, 2:3, etc.).

[0155] Spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth can be allocated by scheduling devices (such as AP 102), as referenced. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As described. Alternatively, in some examples, the scheduling device may indicate the distributed bandwidth and the number of sub-channels, and the receiving device STA may determine the size of the sub-channels based on the distributed bandwidth and the number of sub-channels. In other examples, the scheduling device may indicate only the distributed bandwidth or the spread spectrum bandwidth, and the receiving device may determine the number of sub-channels for the bandwidth based on a pre-configured or stored sub-channel size (such as a maximum processing size of 80 MHz).

[0156] exist Figure 10 In the example, device scheduling such as AP 102 includes PPDUs (such as distributed transmission or hybrid transmission) for logical RU 1002. Logical RU 1002 can be assigned to a device (STA).

[0157] During operation, devices such as STA 104 perform tone distribution operations to distribute the assigned continuous tones of logic RU 1002 across the distribution bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth. Figure 10In the example, the distributed bandwidth or spreading bandwidth is 160MHz. The device determines the number of sub-channels into which the allocated continuous tone of logic RU 1002 will be segmented. As indicated above, the number of sub-channels can be explicitly indicated by the AP, or it can be determined by the STA based on the distributed bandwidth and optionally based on the spreading bandwidth or the local maximum tone mapping bandwidth. Figure 10 In the example, the device determines that two sub-channels are available for the indicated 160MHz distributed bandwidth, and the device segments the allocated tones into two tone groups or subsets, one tone group or subset for each sub-channel. For example, the device may allocate the first half or all even tones of the allocated tones to the first 80MHz sub-channel, and may allocate the second half or all odd tones of the allocated tones to the second 80MHz sub-channel. Alternatively, other allocation schemes may divide the allocated tones into multiple sub-channel groups.

[0158] After the tones are split and segmented or distributed to the corresponding sub-channels (referred to as tone segmentation or tone partitioning), the device can perform a second tone mapping operation to further distribute the segmented tones of each sub-channel. For example, the device can distribute (fully distribute) the tones of logic RU 1002 by performing tone distribution on the segmented tone groups in each sub-channel. For instance, the device can distribute the tones of the first logic dRU 1004 (such as a local dRU or segmented dRU) across the first sub-channel according to a tone distribution plan for the bandwidth used for the sub-channel, which may be equal to the spreading bandwidth as indicated by the AP or equal to a maximum or preset local spreading amount.

[0159] The device also performs tone distribution operations on the second sub-channel. For example, the device can distribute the tone of the second logical dRU 1006 (such as a logical dRU) across the second sub-channel according to a tone distribution plan for the bandwidth used for the sub-channel.

[0160] The distribution in the first sub-channel generates a distributed discontinuous tone for the first logical dRU 1004, and the distribution in the second sub-channel generates a distributed discontinuous tone for the second logical dRU 1006. The distributed discontinuous tone of the first logical dRU 1004 and the distributed discontinuous tone of the second logical dRU 1006 constitute the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1008 corresponding to logical RU 1002. The device then modulates the symbols associated with the first logical dRU 1004 of the PPDU on the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1008 to transmit a portion of its PPDU.

[0161] When a device splits the assigned tones of a logical RU into two smaller sets and distributes each smaller set, the device can create additional tone distribution maps. For example, an AP can assign a 106-tone RU to the device. When the 106-tone RU is divided into two 53-tone RUs, the device can utilize additional, potentially new tone distribution map patterns. Furthermore, the amount of data symbols and pilot symbols in the assigned RU can differ from the total amount of data symbols and pilot symbols in the two smaller logical dRUs. For example, a 106-tone RU or dRU may include four pilot symbols, and each 53-tone RU or dRU may include four pilot symbols. When the 106-tone RU or dRU is converted to a 53-tone dRU by the STA for mapping, this produces a total of eight pilot symbols, or four additional pilot symbols. These two additional pilot tones (LTF tones) can reduce the amount of tone available for data.

[0162] Despite Figure 10 In the illustrated example, the distributed tone of the dRU 1008 is distributed across a distributed bandwidth that spans or occupies the entire bandwidth of the radio channel or PPDU. However, in other examples, the distributed tone of the dRU 1008 may be distributed across a distributed bandwidth smaller than the entire bandwidth of the channel or PPDU. For illustration, the distributed tone of the dRU 1008 may be distributed over a 160MHz distributed bandwidth of a 240MHz or 320MHz channel. In some such examples, other portions of the radio channel (such as an additional 80MHz or a second 160MHz of the radio channel) may be perforated or dedicated to one or more rRUs, such as when the PPDU is a mixed transmission of dRUs and rRUs.

[0163] Despite Figure 10 In the example, a single logical RU is assigned, but in other examples, one or more other RUs may be assigned. For example, additional RUs may be assigned to one or more other devices (such as a third device), additional RUs may be assigned to a first device or a second device, or a combination thereof.

[0164] Although the example in Figure 1000 illustrates a wireless channel without puncturing, in other examples, the wireless channel containing PPDUs can be punctured, and a portion of its bandwidth is reserved and unavailable for PPDUs. In such puncturing examples, the device can segment the assigned tones proportionally into unpunctured portions. For example, when a device allocates a 106-tone RU of logic RU 1002 in a 160MHz channel that has been punctured by 40MHz (e.g., punctured into two portions of bandwidth), the remaining 120MHz of bandwidth of the channel can correspond to the actual or available bandwidth. This available bandwidth can correspond to the bandwidth portions or sub-channels used for the 484-tone RU and the 996-tone RU. The device's PRR resolver can resolve 36 tones to the first portion RU (RU484) and 70 tones to the second portion RU (RU996) to segment the tones into two unequal sub-channels. The device can then distribute the segmented tones in each sub-channel according to a renormalized tone index used for the RU index (depending on the puncturing bandwidth or pattern).

[0165] refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 Example process 1100, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is illustrated and can be executed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. Process 1100 is similar to... Figure 10 The process involves a two-step tone mapping operation (1000), where the device first divides its assigned tone into available sub-channels of distributed bandwidth. The bandwidth or size of the sub-channels can correspond to the spreading bandwidth. However, compared to... Figure 10 Compared to the process of using all or the indicated pitch quantities during segmentation and subsequent pitch distribution / mapping in 1000, Figure 11 The process 1100 first quantizes the allocated tone amount to distribute the tone within the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth using an existing or pre-stored tone distribution plan. For example, the device can reduce the allocated tone amount before segmenting the tone to ensure that each sub-channel has a tone amount corresponding to an existing or pre-stored tone distribution plan after segmentation. For example, for... Figure 10 With the same 106-tone allocation, the device can quantize the tone by adjusting (e.g., reducing) the 106 tones to 104 tones. The device can then follow the same... Figure 10 The same operation described in [the document / document].

[0166] For example, the device can segment the reduced or quantized tone amount (104) across two sub-channels to create two logical 52-tone dRUs because the device has a pre-stored or existing tone distribution scheme (pattern) for mapping 52 tones over 80 MHz. Therefore, the device can utilize existing tone distribution schemes (such as RU sizes currently defined for OFDMA tone schemes, some examples of which are 26, 52, 78, 106, 132, 242, 484, 968, and 996 tones) and does not need to obtain or determine new tone distribution patterns for the sub-channels. In addition... Figure 10 Apart from any change in the amount of data or pilot (LTF) symbols in the process 1000, Figure 11 The process 1100 also applies small data or pilot (LTF) sign adjustments when the quantizer reduces the pitch amount.

[0167] Alternatively, in other examples, the quantizer may add the tone amount to the closest existing stored tone distribution scheme and fill in the added tone, i.e., transmit symbols representing the fill data or transmit additional pilot (LTF) symbols on the additional tone. Additionally or alternatively, in other examples, after initially distributing the quantized tone amount in each 80 MHz using the existing tone distribution scheme, the tone mapper further fills in some additional tone so that the tone amount in each 80 MHz is the same as the tone amount segmented before quantization, i.e., transmit symbols representing the fill data or transmit additional pilot (LTF) symbols on the additional tone.

[0168] In the example of Figure 1100, device scheduling such as AP 102 includes PPDUs (such as distributed transmission or hybrid transmission) for logical RU 1102. Logical RU 1102 can be assigned to a device (STA).

[0169] During operation, devices such as STA 104 perform tone distribution operations to distribute the assigned continuous tones of logic RU 1102 across the distribution bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth. Figure 11 In the example, the distributed bandwidth or spreading bandwidth is 160MHz. The device determines the number of sub-channels into which the allocated continuous tone of logic RU 1102 is divided, as shown in the reference. Figure 10 As described.

[0170] exist Figure 11 In the example, the device determines that two sub-channels are available for the indicated 160MHz distributed bandwidth, such as based on an 80MHz spread spectrum bandwidth. However, in Figure 11In process 1100, the device further determines that dividing the 106 tones (106 RUs) of the allocated logical RU1102 into two sub-channels will generate two 53-tone logical dRUs (2x 53 dRUs), namely the first logical dRU 1104 and the second logical dRU 1106. The device determines to quantize or adjust the allocated tone amount such that the segmented tone amount of each logical dRU matches the tone amount of the existing tone distribution plan for the sub-channel bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth. Since the device has an existing tone distribution plan for 52 tones over 80 MHz, the device quantizes (reduces) two of the 106 allocated tones to generate a quantized tone amount of 104 tones (also called quantized tone).

[0171] The device segments the quantized pitch (i.e., the quantized amount of the assigned pitch) into two pitch groups or subsets, one pitch group or subset per sub-channel, similar to a reference. Figure 10 As described. For example, a device can use a scaling resolver (such as a polling resolver) to segment the tone. After the quantized tone is split and segmented or distributed to the corresponding sub-channels (referred to as tone segmentation and quantization), the device can perform a tone mapping operation to distribute the segmented and quantized tone for each sub-channel.

[0172] For illustration, the device can distribute (fully distribute) the quantized tone of logic RU1102 by performing tone distribution in each sub-channel. For example, the device can distribute the tone of the first logic dRU 1104 (such as a local dRU or segmented dRU) across the first sub-channel according to a tone distribution plan for the bandwidth used for the sub-channel, which may be equal to the spreading bandwidth as indicated by the AP or equal to the maximum or preset local spreading amount, such as due to network settings or hardware constraints.

[0173] The device also performs tone distribution operations on the second sub-channel. For example, the device can distribute the tone of the second logical dRU 1106 (such as a local dRU or a segmented dRU) across the second sub-channel according to a tone distribution plan for the bandwidth used for the sub-channel.

[0174] The distribution in the first sub-channel generates a distributed discontinuous tone for the first logical dRU 1104, and the distribution in the second sub-channel generates a distributed discontinuous tone for the second logical dRU 1106. The distributed discontinuous tone of the first logical dRU 1104 and the distributed discontinuous tone of the second logical dRU 1106 constitute the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1108 corresponding to logical RU 1102. The device then modulates the symbols associated with the first logical dRU 1104 and the second logical dRU 1106 of the PPDU on the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1108 to transmit a portion of its PPDU. When modulating the symbols associated with the first logical dRU 1104 and the second logical dRU 1106, the device can modulate the amount of quantized symbols on the quantized tone to accommodate variations in the number of tones relative to the allocated amount of tones. Figure 10 Compared to the process of 1000, Figure 11 The process 1100 does not create additional pitch distribution maps, but uses or utilizes existing pitch distribution maps.

[0175] Despite Figure 11 In the illustrated example, the distributed tone of the dRU 1108 is distributed across a distributed bandwidth that spans or occupies the entire bandwidth of the radio channel or PPDU. However, in other examples, the distributed tone of the dRU 1108 may be distributed across a distributed bandwidth smaller than the entire bandwidth of the channel or PPDU. For illustration, the distributed tone of the dRU 1108 may be distributed over a 160MHz distributed bandwidth of a 240MHz or 320MHz channel. In some such examples, other portions of the radio channel (such as an additional 80MHz or a second 160MHz of the radio channel) may be perforated or dedicated to one or more rRUs, such as when the PPDU is a mixed transmission of dRUs and rRUs.

[0176] Despite Figure 11 In the example, a single logical RU is assigned, but in other examples, one or more other RUs can be assigned. For example, additional RUs can be assigned to one or more other devices (such as a second device), additional RUs can be assigned to a first device, or a combination thereof.

[0177] although Figure 11The examples involve 106-tone RUs, but other tonal allocations of different sizes can be quantized. For example, as illustrative and non-limiting examples of other quantization options, a 242-tone RU can be quantized and segmented into two 80MHz 106-tone dRUs or four 80MHz 52-tone dRUs over 160MHz; a 484-tone RU can be quantized and segmented into two 80MHz 242-tone dRUs or four 80MHz 106-tone dRUs over 320MHz; a 996-tone RU can be quantized and segmented into two 80MHz 484-tone dRUs or four 80MHz 242-tone dRUs over 320MHz; and two 996-tone RUs can be quantized and segmented into four 80MHz 484-tone dRUs over 320MHz.

[0178] Although the example in Figure 1100 illustrates a wireless channel without puncturing, in other examples, the wireless channel containing PPDUs may be punctured, and a portion of its bandwidth is reserved and unavailable for PPDUs. In such puncturing examples, the device can segment the quantized tone proportionally into the unpunctured portion. Therefore, for puncturing with quantization segmentation, the quantization may depend on the size of the punctured and unpunctured portions or available sub-channels, such that each sub-channel is proportionally or uniformly allocated tone, and the receiving device has the tone amount of an existing tone scheme.

[0179] for Figure 10 and Figure 11 The device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tone values ​​for assigned tones, similar to a two-step segmentation and distribution operation for the tones of the payload data for assigned tones. For example, in some examples, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tone values ​​based on a tone schedule for the payload data. To illustrate, the device can first segment the assigned LTF tones into subsets or groups of LTF tones for each subchannel, and then, for each subchannel, map the corresponding group of LTF tone values ​​based on an existing 80MHz dRU LTF tone schedule and the tone values ​​associated with the dRU tone schedule. In such examples, the LTF tone schedule and the value of the LTF symbols can correspond to the amount of assigned LTF symbols used for bandwidth distribution.

[0180] Alternatively, the device can quantize (e.g., increase) the amount of LTF such that the amount of LTF symbols corresponds to the amount of LTF symbols allocated for each subchannel of the spread spectrum bandwidth. In such an example, the device segments the quantized LTF tones into subsets or groups of LTF tones for each subchannel, and then, for each subchannel, maps the corresponding quantized LTF tones and groups of tone values ​​based on an existing 80MHz dRU tone scheme and tone values ​​associated with the dRU tone scheme. The device can then modulate LTF symbols (or the amount of quantized LTF symbols) on determined distributed LTF tones distributed across each subchannel according to the dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the subchannel or spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0181] Additional or alternative land, for Figure 10 and Figure 11 The device can perform additional processing on a per-sub-channel basis (e.g., per 80 MHz) to differentiate the signs on the tone of the sub-channel and reduce the PAPR. For example, the device can perform phase rotation on a per-sub-channel basis (e.g., per 80 MHz) to differentiate the signs on the tone of the sub-channel and reduce the PAPR. For illustration, the device can perform a 90-degree phase rotation on the LTF sequence, STF sequence, or both of one or more sub-channels, because by this phase rotation, the device can repeat the same LTF or STF sequence on each sub-channel. As another example, the device can assign a different RU index to each sub-channel to differentiate the signs on the tone of the sub-channel and reduce the PAPR. By assigning different RU indices, the LTF and STF sequences generated by the device can be different for each sub-channel.

[0182] refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 Example process 1200, according to some aspects of this disclosure, can be executed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. Process 1200 uses an upscaled version of a distributed tone mapping scheme for a smaller spreading bandwidth to distribute tones over a larger spreading bandwidth. For illustration, a basic distributed tone mapping scheme (such as a tone mapping scheme for an 80 MHz spreading bandwidth) can be upscaled by a factor of two to extend the basic distributed tone mapping scheme to an additional, wider spreading bandwidth. For example, a basic distributed tone mapping scheme for 80 MHz can be upscaled by a factor of two for 160 MHz, by a factor of three for 240 MHz, by a factor of four for 320 MHz, and so on, to extend the 80 MHz distributed tone mapping scheme to an additional, wider spreading bandwidth.

[0183] Process 1200 can be similar to Figure 9Process 900 is a one-step mapping operation in which the device distributes its assigned tones across the entire distribution bandwidth in a distribution step according to a mapping plan or scheme. Compared to process 900, process 1200 utilizes an upsampling version of an existing or pre-stored tone plan and does not require the generation or storage of additional tone plans.

[0184] Alternatively, process 1200 could be similar to Figure 8 The process 800 involves a two-step tone mapping operation, where the device first distributes its assigned tones across a spreading bandwidth (such as an 80MHz bandwidth), and then distributes the partially distributed tones across a larger bandwidth (such as the distribution bandwidth, the full bandwidth of the PPDU, or the full bandwidth of the channel) according to an upsampling version of the tone distribution scheme used to partially spread or distribute the tones across the spreading bandwidth. Using an upsampling version of the tone scheme can correspond to increasing the interval between each adjacent tone (also called tone spacing) to further spread the assigned tones across a wider bandwidth while maintaining the same amount or number of tones. For example, the increase in the interval between each tone can correspond to an upsampling factor, such as when upsampling from 80MHz to 320MHz, adjacent tones can be spaced four times apart.

[0185] Similar to Figure 8 As described in process 800, spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth can be allocated by scheduling devices (such as APs), as referenced. Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As described. The network device can then partially or locally spread or distribute the assigned tones based on the maximum tone distribution planned bandwidth or based on hardware limitations (such as 80MHz). After identifying the tone of the dRU corresponding to the assigned logical RU, the device can modulate the symbols used for or associated with the logical RU onto the distributed discontinuous tones of the dRU.

[0186] exist Figure 12 In the example, device scheduling such as AP 102 includes PPDUs (such as distributed transmission or hybrid transmission) for logical RU 1202. Logical RU 1202 can be assigned to a device (STA).

[0187] During operation, devices such as STA 104 perform tone distribution operations to distribute (partially distribute) the assigned continuous tones of logic RU 1202 across the spread spectrum bandwidth associated with logic RU 1202 or dRU 1206. For example, the STA can perform distributed tone mapping to generate partially distributed tones 1204 to determine which distributed tones to modulate symbols for the PPDU by distributing the continuous tones associated with logic RU 1202 across an 80MHz spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0188] The device then performs a second tone distribution operation to further distribute the portion of the distributed tone 1204 corresponding to the tone of the logical RU 1202 across the distribution bandwidth associated with the logical RU 1202 or dRU 1206. For example, in Figure 12 In the example, the STA distributes partially distributed tones 1204 (14 tones) across the entire bandwidth of a 320MHz channel or a 320MHz PPDU by widening the tone interval to generate distributed discontinuous tones (also 14 tones) for dRU 1206. The device can then modulate symbols associated with logical RU 1202 of the PPDU onto the distributed discontinuous tones of dRU 1206 to transmit a portion of its PPDU. In the second tone distribution operation, the STA increases the first tone interval 1210 of the partially distributed tones 1204 to the second tone interval 1212 of the distributed tones of dRU 1206, such as by a factor of 4.

[0189] Despite Figure 12 In the illustrated example, the distributed tone of the dRU 1206 is distributed across a distributed bandwidth that spans or occupies the entire bandwidth of the radio channel or PPDU. However, in other examples, the distributed tone of the dRU 1206 may be distributed across a distributed bandwidth smaller than the entire bandwidth of the channel or PPDU. For illustration, the distributed tone of the dRU 1206 may be distributed over a 160MHz distributed bandwidth of a 240MHz or 320MHz channel, as an illustrative and non-limiting example. In some such examples, other portions of the radio channel (such as an additional 80MHz or a second 160MHz of the radio channel) may be perforated or dedicated to one or more rRUs, such as when the PPDU is a mixed transmission of dRUs and rRUs.

[0190] Despite Figure 12 In the example, a single logical RU is assigned, but in other examples, one or more other RUs can be assigned. For example, additional RUs can be assigned to one or more other devices (such as a second device), additional RUs can be assigned to devices, or a combination thereof.

[0191] In some examples, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tones, similar to Figure 12The upsampling operation is performed on the payload data for the assigned tone. The upsampling operation for the LTF tone can be performed in one or two steps, as described above. For example, for a two-step distribution operation, the device can distribute the LTF tone or determine the distributed LTF tone by mapping the assigned LTF tone onto the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth and the dRU tone plan, and then further distributing the mapped LTF tone across the distribution bandwidth of the radio channel according to an upsampling version of the dRU LTF tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0192] Alternatively, the device can also distribute the LTF across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel based on the amount of one or more dRUs and the amount of 80MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel. For example, the factor used to increase the spacing between adjacent LTF tones can be determined based on the amount of one or more dRUs and the amount of distributed bandwidth or 80MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel.

[0193] As another example of a one-step distribution operation, the device can distribute or determine distributed LTF tones by mapping LTF tones across the distribution bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU LTF tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone plan. The device can then modulate LTF symbols on the determined distributed LTF tones, which are distributed according to the up-frequency version of the dRU tone plan.

[0194] Upsampling operations may be incompatible with rRU or hybrid transmission. Additionally, when operating in a punctured channel, the spreading bandwidth can be limited to no more than 80 MHz to allow for upsampling by at least 2 times when operating in a 320 MHz or smaller channel.

[0195] refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 An example de-mapping process 1300, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is illustrated and can be performed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmit tone mapping operation. A device receiving a PPDU having one or more dRUs can utilize the de-mapping process 1300. For example, a de-mapping unit or distributed tone mapper at a receiving device (such as AP 102) can operate to reverse the mapping performed by a distributed tone mapper at a transmitting device (such as STA 104). Then, as a result of the de-mapping, the receiving device can recover the information carried (or modulated) on the distributed tone of the dRU for the corresponding allocation logic RU.

[0196] Figure 13The illustrated de-analysis process 1300 is an example of a two-stage de-analysis process. That is, the de-analysis process first de-analyzes the received signal over the distributed bandwidth to generate multiple partially de-analyzed portions of the signal, and then processes these multiple partially de-analyzed portions individually to further or completely de-analyze the signal and symbols. For example, the de-analysis process 1300 de-analyzes received modulation symbols from tones across the entire distributed bandwidth into symbol groups or sets for each sub-channel or spreading bandwidth of the distributed bandwidth. The de-analysis process 1300 then further processes the symbol groups for each sub-channel or spreading bandwidth.

[0197] exist Figure 13 In the example, the distributed bandwidth is 160MHz and the spreading bandwidth is 80MHz. During operation, the receiving device receives modulation symbols from one or more dRUs of the PPDU across the entire distributed bandwidth. The receiving device provides the modulation symbols (signals) to the decoder 1302. The decoder 1302 processes the signal and decodes the modulation symbols into a subset of symbols, called a symbol group. Specifically, the decoder 1302 segments or splits the received symbols into a first symbol group for a first 80MHz sub-channel and a second symbol group for a second 80MHz sub-channel. The decoder 1302 can decode the modulation symbols according to a tone distribution scheme for the distributed bandwidth, such as for interleaving in processes 800, 1000, or 1300, or for upsampling in process 1200. For example, the deparser 1302 can deinterleave tones from different dRUs such as those generated by process 800, can deinterleave tones from a single dRU such as those generated by process 1000 or process 1100, and can reduce the tones interval between tones such as those generated by process 1200.

[0198] The decoder 1302 can provide a first symbol group of a first 80MHz sub-channel to a first 80MHz FFT processor 1304, and can provide a second symbol group of a second 80MHz sub-channel to a second 80MHz FFT processor 1306. For example, the decoder 1302 can provide a combined time-domain signal representing even-tone values ​​of the first symbol group to the first 80MHz FFT processor 1304, and can provide a combined time-domain signal representing odd-tone values ​​of the second symbol group to the second 80MHz FFT processor 1306.

[0199] The 80MHz FFT processors 1304 and 1306 can also decode modulation symbol groups according to a tone distribution scheme for the spread spectrum bandwidth. For example, the 80MHz FFT processors 1304 and 1306 can reverse the mapping of the tone distribution scheme for the spread spectrum bandwidth (80MHz) used by the distributed tone mapper. Each 80MHz FFT processor 1304, 1306 can provide its remapped or reordered symbol output to a demodulator or other processing hardware. The output of each 80MHz FFT processor 1304, 1306 can be reordered and correspond back to the original allocated logical RU order. For example, the first 80MHz FFT processor 1304 can output symbols for even tones or subcarriers in numerical order (such as 0, 2, 4, etc.), and the second 80MHz FFT processor 1306 can output symbols for odd tones or subcarriers in numerical order (such as 1, 3, 5, etc.).

[0200] Despite Figure 13 In one example, the decoder 1302, used for a wider bandwidth or distributed bandwidth, provides its output directly to the 80MHz FFT processors 1304 and 1306, used for a narrower bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth. However, in other examples, the receiving device may perform one or more additional intermediate processing steps between the decoder 1302 and the 80MHz FFT processors 1304 and 1306. As an illustrative example, the receiving device may demodulate the modulation symbols output by the decoder 1302 before providing the demodulated symbols to the 80MHz FFT processors 1304 and 1306.

[0201] although Figure 13 The example illustrates a two-stage parsing process 1300, but in other examples, the receiving device may be configured with an integrated two-stage parser or a wider one-stage parser, which can handle parsing operations such as FFT processing over bandwidths greater than 80 MHz.

[0202] Figure 13 An example of a deinterleaver 1302, exemplified as deinterleaver 1350, is also shown. Deinterleaver 1350 utilizes two 4-point Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFTs) 1352 and 1354 to perform an 8-point DFT for decimation in a frequency FFT. By utilizing deinterleaver 1350, all even-numbered tones are deinterleaved to a first 80MHz sub-channel, and all odd-numbered tones are deinterleaved to a second 80MHz sub-channel. As an illustrative example, deinterleaver 1350 can be used to demap through interleaving processes (such as... Figure 8 The process of mapping dRU (800) or when using a polling resolver.

[0203] Figure 14A flowchart illustrating an example process 1400 that can be executed at a wireless communication device supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of process 1400 may be implemented by a wireless AP, wireless STA, or components thereof as described herein. For example, process 1400 may be performed by a wireless communication device (such as...) operating as a wireless STA or wireless AP, or operating within such a wireless AP or wireless STA. Figure 6 Second wireless communication device 650 or reference Figure 16 The described wireless communication device 1600 performs this process. In some examples, process 1400 may be performed by a wireless STA (such as reference STA). Figure 1 The STA 104 described herein is a STA or a wireless AP (such as the reference STA 104 ... Figure 1 The AP described in AP 102 is used to perform this action.

[0204] In some examples, in block 1402, a wireless communication device receives scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted on a wireless channel by one or more wireless stations, including a wireless station. The scheduling information indicates one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones for a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel. The distributed bandwidth is greater than 80 MHz, and the one or more dRUs include a first dRU assigned to a wireless station. For example, a second wireless communication device 650 receives a first data packet 628 including scheduling information 610, such as... Figure 6 As described in [the document], or STA 104 receives a trigger frame from AP 102 at 725, such as [example]. Figure 7 As described in [the document]. Scheduling information 610, trigger frames, or both may include indications of the spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth of logical RUs (and corresponding dRUs) indicated by RU allocation information 612.

[0205] In some examples, within box 1404, the wireless communication device modulates multiple symbols used for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU. For example, Figure 6 The second wireless communication device 650 can be based on, for example Figures 8 to 12 The process described herein determines the distributed pitch corresponding to the assigned pitch, and then symbols can be modulated on the determined distributed pitch.

[0206] In some examples, in box 1406, the wireless communication device transmits multiple symbols via a first dRU. For example, Figure 6 The second wireless communication device 650 can be as follows Figure 6 The transmission described herein includes a second data packet 629 of modulation symbols for dRU 670, or STA 104 and 704 as... Figure 7 The transmission described herein is for one or more dRUs of the PPDU using modulation symbols.

[0207] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating an example process 1500 that can be executed at a wireless STA supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of process 1500 may be implemented by a wireless STA, a wireless AP, or components thereof as described herein. For example, process 1500 may be implemented by a wireless communication device (such as...) operating as a wireless AP or wireless STA, or operating within such a wireless AP or wireless STA. Figure 6 First wireless communication device 602 or reference Figure 17 The described wireless communication device 1700 performs this process. In some examples, process 1500 may be performed by a wireless AP (such as reference 1700). Figure 1 The AP102 described herein is an AP or a wireless STA (such as the reference). Figure 1 The STA described in STA 104 is used to perform this action.

[0208] In some examples, in block 1502, the wireless communication device transmits scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations on a wireless channel. The scheduling information indicates one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones for a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel. The distributed bandwidth is greater than 80 MHz. For example, the first wireless communication device 602 transmits a first data packet 628 including scheduling information 610, such as... Figure 6 As described in [the document], or AP 102 sends a trigger frame at 725, such as [example]. Figure 7 As described in [the document]. Scheduling information 610, trigger frames, or both may include indications of the spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth of logical RUs (and corresponding dRUs) indicated by RU allocation information 612.

[0209] In some examples, within box 1504, the wireless communication device receives multiple symbols for a PPDU. For example, Figure 6 The first wireless communication device 602 can be as follows Figure 6 As described in the document, receiving multiple modulation symbols of the second data packet 629 from the second wireless communication device 650, or as... Figure 7 The AP 102 described herein receives multiple modulation symbols from STA 104 and 704 for the dRU used in the PPDU.

[0210] In other examples, wireless communication devices (such as APs) can send PPDUs to a single station, such as for downlink single-user operation. In such examples, the wireless communication device can determine the distributed tone for one or more dRUs for the PPDU, and modulate symbols for one or more dRUs on the corresponding distributed tone, similar to how reference box 1404 describes, and as reference... Figure 14 The frame 1406 describes the transmitted modulation symbols.

[0211] Figure 16 A block diagram of an example wireless communication device 1600 supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation according to some aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, the wireless communication device 1600 is configured or is capable of operating to perform reference... Figure 11 The process 1400 is described. In various examples, the wireless communication device 1600 may be a chip, SoC, chipset, package, or device, which may include: one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) modem or a cellular modem (such as a 3GPP 4G LTE or 5G compatible modem)); one or more processors, processing blocks, or processing elements (collectively, “processors”); one or more radio components (collectively, “radio components”); and one or more memories or storage blocks (collectively, “memory”).

[0212] In some examples, the wireless communication device 1600 may be used for use in an AP (such as a reference). Figure 1 As described in AP102) or used in STA (such as references) Figure 1 The device described in STA 104). In some other examples, wireless communication device 1600 may be an AP or STA including such a chip, SoC, chipset, package, or device, and multiple antennas. Wireless communication device 1600 is capable of transmitting and receiving wireless communications, for example, in the form of wireless packets. For example, wireless communication device may be configured or capable of operating to transmit and receive packets in the form of physical layer PPDUs and MPDUs conforming to one or more of the IEEE 802.11 series of wireless communication protocol standards. In some examples, wireless communication device 1600 also includes an application processor or may be coupled to such an application processor, which may be further coupled to another memory. In some examples, wireless communication device 1600 also includes at least one external network interface that enables communication with a core network or backhaul network to obtain access to external networks, including the Internet.

[0213] Wireless communication device 1600 includes dRU mapping logic 1602, payload processing logic 1604, LTF processing logic 1606, and transceiver 1608. A portion of one or more of components 1602, 1604, 1606, and 1608 may be implemented at least partially in hardware or firmware. For example, transceiver 1608 may include or correspond to a transmitter, a receiver, or a combination of a transmitter and a receiver (such as a transceiver). In some examples, at least some of components 1602, 1604, 1606, and 1608 are implemented at least partially by a processor and are implemented as software stored in memory. For example, a portion of one or more of components 1602, 1604, and 1606 may be implemented as non-transitory instructions (or "code") executable by a processor to perform the function or operation of the corresponding module.

[0214] In some examples, a processor may be a component of a processing system. A processing system typically refers to a system or a series of machines or components that receive input and process that input to produce a set of outputs that can be passed to other systems or, for example, components of wireless communication device 1600. For example, the processing system of wireless communication device 1600 may refer to a system that includes various other components or sub-components of wireless communication device 1600, such as a processor, or transceiver 1608, or communication manager, or other components or combinations of components of wireless communication device 1600. The processing system of wireless communication device 1600 may interface with other components of wireless communication device 1600 and may process information received from other components (such as inputs or signals) or output that information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of wireless communication device 1600 may include a processing system, a first interface for outputting information, and a second interface for receiving information. In some examples, the first interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, enabling wireless communication device 1600 to transmit information output from the chip or modem. In some examples, the second interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and the receiver, enabling the wireless communication device 1600 to receive information or signal input, and such information to be transmitted to the processing system. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the first interface may also receive information or signal input, and the second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0215] The dRU mapping logic unit 1602 is capable of, configured to, or operable to generate distributed discontinuous tones for the dRU based on the corresponding allocation logic RU. The dRU mapping logic unit 1602 is operable to perform distributed tone mapping according to one or more tone distribution schemes. The dRU mapping logic unit 1602 may be operable to perform... Figures 8 to 12One or more processes, such as process 800, process 900, process 1000, process 1100 or process 1200.

[0216] The payload processing logic unit 1604 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to generate symbols representing payload data for distributed tones and for modulation on distributed tones.

[0217] LTF processing logic unit 1606 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to generate LTF symbols representing LTF tones for distributed LTF tones and LTF sequences for modulation on distributed LTF tones.

[0218] Transceiver 1608 is capable of, configured to, or operated to transmit messages or signals, receive messages or signals, or both, to enable communication with one or more other wireless communication devices (such as...). Figure 6 The first wireless communication device 602 or Figure 17 Wireless communication of a wireless communication device 1700. For example, transceiver 1608 is configured to modulate symbols of the payload and LTF sequence on a distributed tone.

[0219] Figure 17 A block diagram of an example wireless communication device 1700 supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation according to some aspects of this disclosure is shown. In some examples, the wireless communication device 1700 is configured or is capable of operating to perform reference... Figure 15 The process 1500 is described. In various examples, the wireless communication device 1700 may be a chip, SoC, chipset, package, or device, which may include: one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) modem or a cellular modem (such as a 3GPP 4G LTE or 5G compatible modem)); one or more processors, processing blocks, or processing elements (collectively, “processors”); one or more radio components (collectively, “radio components”); and one or more memories or storage blocks (collectively, “memory”).

[0220] In some examples, the wireless communication device 1700 may be used for STA (such as reference) Figure 1 As described in STA104) or used in AP (such as reference) Figure 1The device described in AP 102). In some other examples, wireless communication device 1700 may be a STA or AP including such a chip, SoC, chipset, package, or device, and multiple antennas. Wireless communication device 1700 is capable of transmitting and receiving wireless communications, for example, in the form of wireless packets. For example, wireless communication device may be configured or capable of operating to transmit and receive packets in the form of physical layer PPDUs and MPDUs conforming to one or more of the IEEE 802.11 series of wireless communication protocol standards. In some examples, wireless communication device 1700 also includes an application processor or may be coupled to such an application processor, which may be further coupled to another memory. In some examples, wireless communication device 1700 also includes a user interface (UI) (such as a touchscreen or keypad) and a display that may be integrated with the UI to form a touchscreen display. In some examples, wireless communication device 1700 may also include one or more sensors, such as, for example, one or more inertial sensors, accelerometers, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, or altitude sensors.

[0221] Wireless communication device 1700 includes dRU demapping logic unit 1702, payload processing logic unit 1704, LTF processing logic unit 1706, and transceiver 1708. A portion of one or more of components 1702, 1704, 1706, and 1708 may be implemented at least partially in hardware or firmware. For example, transceiver 1708 may include or correspond to a transmitter, a receiver, or a combination of a transmitter and a receiver (such as a transceiver). In some examples, at least some of components 1702, 1704, 1706, and 1708 are implemented at least partially by a processor and are implemented as software stored in memory. For example, a portion of one or more of components 1702, 1704, and 1706 may be implemented as non-transitory instructions (or "code") executable by a processor to perform the function or operation of the corresponding module.

[0222] In some examples, a processor may be a component of a processing system. A processing system typically refers to a system or a series of machines or components that receive input and process that input to produce a set of outputs that can be passed to other systems or, for example, components of wireless communication device 1700. For example, the processing system of wireless communication device 1700 may refer to a system that includes various other components or sub-components of wireless communication device 1700, such as a processor, or transceiver 1708, or communication manager, or other components or combinations of components of wireless communication device 1700. The processing system of wireless communication device 1700 may interface with other components of wireless communication device 1700 and may process information received from other components (such as inputs or signals) or output that information to other components. For example, a chip or modem of wireless communication device 1700 may include a processing system, a first interface for outputting information, and a second interface for receiving information. In some examples, the first interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, enabling wireless communication device 1700 to transmit information output from the chip or modem. In some examples, the second interface may refer to the interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and the receiver, enabling the wireless communication device 1700 to receive information or signal input, and such information to be transmitted to the processing system. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the first interface may also receive information or signal input, and the second interface may also output information or signal output.

[0223] The dRU demapping logic unit 1702 is capable of, configured to, or operable to demap distributed discontinuous tones for the dRU based on the corresponding allocation logic RU. The dRU demapping logic unit 1702 is operable to perform distributed tone modulation mapping according to one or more tone modulation mapping schemes. The dRU demapping logic unit 1702 may be operable to perform... Figures 8 to 12 Demapping one or more mapping procedures (such as procedure 800, procedure 900, procedure 1000, procedure 1100 or procedure 1200), or performing the solution resolution procedure 1300 of Figure 1300.

[0224] The payload processing logic unit 1704 is capable of, configured to, or operable to process received modulation symbol payload data based on demapping. For example, the payload processing logic unit 1704 may be configured to demodulate received modulation symbols (data symbols) received from the dRU demapping logic unit 1702.

[0225] LTF processing logic unit 1706 is capable of, configured to, or operable to process received modulated LTF symbols representing LTF sequence data based on demapping. For example, LTF processing logic unit 1706 may be configured to demodulate received modulated LTF symbols received from dRU demapping logic unit 1702.

[0226] Transceiver 1708 is capable of, configured to, or operated to transmit messages or signals, receive messages or signals, or both, to enable communication with one or more other wireless communication devices (such as...). Figure 6 The second wireless communication device 650 or Figure 16 Wireless communication of the wireless communication device 1600. For example, transceiver 1708 is configured to receive modulation symbols on a distributed tone corresponding to the dRU of the PPDU.

[0227] refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18 Example process 1800, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is illustrated and can be executed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. Process 1800 is a two-step tone mapping operation, similar to... Figure 10 Process 1000 and Figure 11 The process 1100 involves the device first segmenting its assigned tone into available sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth before distributing it across segments or sub-channels, thus distributing the total assigned tone across the distributed bandwidth. The bandwidth or size of the sub-channels may correspond to the spreading bandwidth. However, with Figure 11 Compared to process 1100 (which first quantizes the allocated pitch amount to distribute the pitch within a sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth using an existing or pre-stored pitch distribution plan, and then segments the quantized pitch), Figure 18 The process 1800 first segments the assigned tones into available sub-channels, then quantizes the segmented tones for subsequent tone distribution or mapping. For example, the device can reduce the amount of assigned tones after segmentation to ensure that each sub-channel has a tone amount corresponding to an existing or pre-stored tone distribution plan after segmentation. For illustration, for... Figure 10 With the same 106-tone allocation, the device can quantize pitch by adjusting (e.g., reducing) the 106 tones to 104 tones, similar to... Figure 11 Then, the device can follow the... Figure 10 and Figure 11 The same operation described in [the document / document].

[0228] For example, the device can segment the total tone quantity (106) across two sub-channels to create two logical 53-tone dRUs, such as intermediate logical dRUs. The device can then quantize the tone quantity of the two logical 53-tone dRUs based on or according to a pre-stored or existing tone distribution scheme (pattern). For illustration, because the device has a pre-stored or existing tone distribution scheme (pattern) for mapping 52 tones over 80 MHz, the device can quantize the two logical 53-tone dRUs to generate two logical 52-tone dRUs. Therefore, the device can utilize existing tone distribution schemes (such as RU sizes currently defined for OFDMA tone schemes, some examples of which are 26, 52, 78, 106, 132, 242, 484, 968, and 996 tones) and does not need to obtain or determine a new tone distribution pattern for the sub-channels. In addition... Figure 10 Apart from any change in the amount of data or pilot (LTF) symbols in the process 1000, Figure 18 The process 1800 also applies small data or pilot (LTF) symbol adjustments when reducing pitch during quantization.

[0229] Alternatively, in other examples, the quantizer may add the tone amount to the closest existing stored tone distribution scheme and fill the added tone, i.e., transmit symbols representing the fill data or transmit additional pilot (LTF) symbols on the additional tone. For example, for a total tone amount of 100, the device may generate two logic 52-tone dRUs for 104 total tones. Additionally or alternatively, in other examples, after initially distributing the quantized tone amount in each 80 MHz using the existing tone distribution scheme, the tone mapper further fills in some additional tones so that the tone amount in each 80 MHz is the same as the tone amount segmented before quantization, i.e., transmit symbols representing the fill data or transmit additional pilot (LTF) symbols on the additional tone.

[0230] In the example of Figure 1800, device scheduling such as AP 102 includes PPDUs (such as distributed transmission or hybrid transmission) of logical RU 1802. Logical RU 1802 can be assigned to a device (STA).

[0231] During operation, devices such as STA 104 perform tone distribution operations to distribute the assigned continuous tones of logic RU 1802 across the distribution bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth. Figure 18 In the example, the distributed bandwidth or spreading bandwidth is 160MHz. The device determines the number of sub-channels into which the allocated continuous tone of logic RU 1802 is divided, as shown in the reference. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As described.

[0232] exist Figure 18In the example, the device determines that two sub-channels are available for an indicated 160MHz distributed bandwidth, such as based on an 80MHz spread spectrum bandwidth. The device segments the allocated tones (i.e., the total amount of allocated tones) into two tone groups or subsets, one tone group or subset per sub-channel, similar to the reference... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As described. For example, a device can use a proportional resolver (such as a polling resolver) to segment the assigned tones. After the assigned tones are split and segmented or distributed to the corresponding sub-channels (referred to as tone segmentation), the device can perform tone quantization, such as tone quantization of the segmented tones (such as the amount of tone segmented) or tone quantization for the segmented tones.

[0233] For illustration, the device can segment the assigned tone of logical RU 1802 by segmenting or dividing the tone into segments and generating segmented logical dRUs. For example, the device can segment or distribute the tone of logical RU 1802 to a first logical dRU 1804 (such as a local dRU or segmented dRU) for a first sub-channel and a second logical dRU 1806 for a second sub-channel. The first logical dRU 1804 and the second logical dRU 1806 may include or correspond to unquantized logical dRUs or intermediate logical dRUs. That is, the device can perform a quantization operation on the first logical dRU 1804 and the second logical dRU 1806 to generate quantized or final logical dRUs.

[0234] After segmentation, the device further determines or adjusts the tonal quantity of the segmented segments so that the segmented tonal quantity of each logical dRU matches the tonal quantity of an existing tonal distribution scheme for the sub-channel bandwidth or spread spectrum bandwidth. For example, the device may determine that the segmented tonal quantity of a segmented logical dRU (such as logical dRUs 1804 and 1806) for a sub-channel size does not match the tonal quantity of a stored pattern for the sub-channel size. For illustration, the device may not have an existing tonal distribution scheme for 53 tones over 80 MHz, and the device may determine to quantize the segmented tones or the segmented logical dRUs based on the determination that the segmented tonal quantity (such as 53 tones) does not match the tonal quantity of a stored tonal set (such as 52 tones, 106 tones, etc.). The device can then quantize the segmented tonal quantity based on the stored tonal set. For example, the device has an existing tone distribution plan for 52 tones on 80MHz, and the device quantizes (reduces) one tone from the 53-tone logical dRU of each segment to generate a quantized tone quantity of 52 tones (also known as quantized tone).

[0235] exist Figure 18In the example, the device generates a first quantization logic dRU 1814 (e.g., a first segmentation and quantization logic dRU) for a first sub-channel with 52 tones based on a first logic dRU 1804 with 53 tones. The device generates a second quantization logic dRU 1816 for a second sub-channel with 52 tones based on a second logic dRU 1806 with 53 tones. The first quantization logic dRU 1814 and the second quantization logic dRU 1816 may include or correspond to quantization and segmentation logic dRUs or final logic dRUs.

[0236] After segmentation and subsequent quantization, the device can perform a tone mapping operation to distribute the segmented and quantized tones of each subchannel. Distributing the segmented and quantized tones of each subchannel within each subchannel effectively distributes the quantized tone amount of the original assigned tone of the logic RU 1802 across the entire distribution bandwidth and according to the tone mapping distribution pattern of each subchannel / spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0237] For illustration, the device can distribute (fully distribute) the quantized tone of logic RU 1802 over a distributed bandwidth by performing tone distribution in each sub-channel (e.g., for each spread spectrum bandwidth). For example, the device can distribute the tone of a first quantized logic dRU 1814 (such as a local dRU or a segmented and quantized dRU) across a first sub-channel according to a tone distribution plan for the bandwidth used for the sub-channel, which may be equal to the spread spectrum bandwidth as indicated by the AP or equal to a maximum or preset local spread spectrum amount, such as due to network settings or hardware constraints.

[0238] The device also performs tone distribution operations on the second sub-channel. For example, the device can distribute the tone of the second quantization logic dRU 1816 (such as a local dRU or a segmented dRU) across the second sub-channel according to a tone distribution plan for the bandwidth used for the sub-channel.

[0239] The distribution in the first sub-channel generates a distributed discontinuous tone for the first quantization logic dRU 1814, and the distribution in the second sub-channel generates a distributed discontinuous tone for the second quantization logic dRU 1816. The distributed discontinuous tone of the first quantization logic dRU 1814 and the distributed discontinuous tone of the second quantization logic dRU 1816 constitute the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1818 corresponding to logic RU 1802. The device then modulates the symbols associated with logic RU 1818 of the PPDU on the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1802 to transmit a portion of its PPDU. For illustration, the device can modulate the symbols associated with the first quantization logic dRU 1814, the second quantization logic dRU 1816, and optionally other quantization logic dRUs of the PPDU on the distributed discontinuous tone of dRU 1818 to transmit a portion of its PPDU. When modulating the symbols associated with logic RU 1802, the device can modulate the amount of quantization symbols on the quantization tone to accommodate variations in the number of tones relative to the allocated amount of tones. and Figure 10 Compared to the process of 1000, Figure 18 The process 1800 does not create additional pitch distribution maps, but instead uses or utilizes existing pitch distribution maps. Figure 11 Compared to process 1100, Figure 18 The process 1800 segments the total allocated tone into sub-channels based on the spreading bandwidth before quantizing the tone. However, Figure 11 Both process 1100 and process 18 in the figure use or utilize existing pitch distribution mappings.

[0240] Despite Figure 18 In the illustrated example, the distributed tone of the dRU 1818 is distributed across a distributed bandwidth that spans or occupies the entire bandwidth of the radio channel or PPDU. However, in other examples, the distributed tone of the dRU 1818 may be distributed across a distributed bandwidth smaller than the entire bandwidth of the channel or PPDU. For illustration, the distributed tone of the dRU 1818 may be distributed over a 160MHz distributed bandwidth of a 240MHz or 320MHz channel. In some such examples, other portions of the radio channel (such as an additional 80MHz or a second 160MHz of the radio channel) may be perforated or dedicated to one or more rRUs, such as when the PPDU is a mixed transmission of dRUs and rRUs.

[0241] Despite Figure 18 In the example, a single logical RU is assigned, but in other examples, one or more other RUs can be assigned. For example, additional RUs can be assigned to one or more other devices (such as a second device), additional RUs can be assigned to a first device, or a combination thereof.

[0242] although Figure 18 The examples involve 106-tone RUs, but other tonal allocations of different sizes can be quantized. For example, as illustrative and non-limiting examples of other quantization options, a 242-tone RU can be quantized and segmented into two 80MHz 106-tone dRUs or four 80MHz 52-tone dRUs over 160MHz; a 484-tone RU can be quantized and segmented into two 80MHz 242-tone dRUs or four 80MHz 106-tone dRUs over 320MHz; a 996-tone RU can be quantized and segmented into two 80MHz 484-tone dRUs or four 80MHz 242-tone dRUs over 320MHz; and two 996-tone RUs can be quantized and segmented into four 80MHz 484-tone dRUs over 320MHz.

[0243] Although the example in Figure 1800 illustrates a wireless channel without puncturing, in other examples, the wireless channel containing PPDUs may be punctured, and a portion of its bandwidth is reserved and unavailable for PPDUs. In such puncturing examples, the device can segment the quantized tone proportionally into the unpunctured portion. Therefore, for puncturing with quantization segmentation, the quantization may depend on the size of the punctured and unpunctured portions or available sub-channels, such that each sub-channel is proportionally or uniformly allocated tone, and the receiving device has the tone amount of an existing tone scheme.

[0244] For reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As described, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tone values ​​for assigned tones, similar to a two-step segmentation and distribution operation for the tones of payload data for assigned tones. For example, in some examples, the device can distribute LTF tones or determine distributed LTF tone values ​​based on a tone schedule for the payload data. For illustration, the device can first segment the assigned LTF tones into subsets or groups of LTF tones for each subchannel, and then, for each subchannel, map the corresponding group of LTF tone values ​​based on an existing 80MHz dRU LTF tone schedule and the tone values ​​associated with the dRU tone schedule. In such examples, the LTF tone schedule and the values ​​of the LTF symbols can correspond to the amount of assigned LTF symbols used for bandwidth distribution.

[0245] Alternatively, the device can quantize (e.g., increase) the amount of LTF such that the amount of LTF symbols corresponds to the amount of LTF symbols allocated for each subchannel of the spread spectrum bandwidth. In such an example, the device segments the quantized LTF tones into subsets or groups of LTF tones for each subchannel, and then, for each subchannel, maps the corresponding quantized LTF tones and groups of tone values ​​based on an existing 80MHz dRU tone scheme and tone values ​​associated with the dRU tone scheme. The device can then modulate LTF symbols (or the amount of quantized LTF symbols) on determined distributed LTF tones distributed across each subchannel according to the dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the subchannel or spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0246] Additional or alternative land, and as per reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As described, the device can perform additional processing on a per-sub-channel basis (e.g., per 80 MHz) to differentiate the signs on the tone of the sub-channel and reduce the PAPR. For example, the device can perform phase rotation on a per-sub-channel basis (e.g., per 80 MHz) to differentiate the signs on the tone of the sub-channel and reduce the PAPR. For illustration, the device can perform a 90-degree phase rotation on the LTF sequence, STF sequence, or both of one or more sub-channels, because by such phase rotation, the device can repeat the same LTF or STF sequence on each sub-channel. As another example, the device can assign a different RU index to each sub-channel to differentiate the signs on the tone of the sub-channel and reduce the PAPR. By assigning different RU indices, the LTF and STF sequences generated by the device can be different for each sub-channel.

[0247] Figure 19A and Figure 19B Each example illustrates how tones intertwine based on certain aspects. For example, Figure 19A and Figure 19B Each of these examples illustrates a tone interleaving example using different sets of available tones and different sets of reserved tones on the channel. That is, Figure 19A and Figure 19B Different available tones are used for data and pilot tones, and different reserved tones may not be used for data and pilot tones. Reserved tones may include or correspond to direct conversion (DC) tones, edge tones (such as guard tones), etc. Additionally, in some examples, other tones (such as subsets of available tones and non-reserved tones) may not be used, such as empty tones or empty subcarriers.

[0248] refer to Figure 19A , Figure 19AExample 1900 of tone interleaving is illustrated, in which the DC tone and edge tone of the old tone mapping scheme are preserved and not used for distributed tone mapping, such as Figure 8 Distributed tone interleaving operation.

[0249] exist Figure 19A In the example, the device can distribute the tones of logical dRUs across the distribution bandwidth by interleaving tones from different logical RUs or by interleaving tones from a single RU with one or more other RUs using only the tones available in legacy RU or dRU operation. For illustration, Figure 19A The tone interleaving option retains the same DC and edge tones as the old dRU operation.

[0250] like Figure 19A As illustrated, guard tones 1912 and 1914, and DC tones 1922, 1924, and 1926 are retained, similar to legacy operation, and are not available for tone mapping during dRU tone interleaving. The tones of the dRU are interleaved with the tones other than those retained. After interleaving, the tones of the dRU can be split into four 40MHz segments, each separated by a DC tone and defined by a guard tone. Each dRU in the dRU can include tones in each segment. As an illustrative example, guard tone 1912 can have 12 tones, guard tone 1914 can have 11 tones, DC tones 1922 and 1926 can each have 5 tones, and DC tone 1924 can have 23 tones (such as 11 tones for the first 80MHz plus 12 tones for the second 80MHz).

[0251] During operation, one or more devices (such as stations) can be assigned one or more dRUs by another device (such as AP), and each device can be interleaved (such as reference). Figure 8 (as described) and as used Figure 19A The available tones illustrated herein are used to determine the distributed tones of each assigned dRU. For illustration, the device can utilize... Figure 19A The four segments illustrated in the figure are used to distribute the assigned tones of the dRU, and the reserved tones of the guard tones 1912 and 1914 and the DC tones 1922, 1924 and 1926 can be used without utilizing them.

[0252] exist Figure 19A In the example, the first device is assigned a logical RU, and the tones of the logical RUs are interleaved across a 160MHz distribution and channel bandwidth to interleave the tones of the logical RUs and generate dRU 1908, i.e., its distributed tones. See reference... Figure 8As described, the device can first generate a logical dRU corresponding to a logical RU by distributing the tones of logical RUs across an 80MHz spread spectrum bandwidth according to an RU tone allocation plan to generate partially distributed tones. Then, the partially distributed tones can be interleaved with tones from other sub-channels across the distribution bandwidth.

[0253] refer to Figure 19B , Figure 19B Another example of tone interleaving, 1950, is illustrated, in which the DC tones and edge tones of the old tone mapping scheme are not preserved, and all available FFT tones are available for distributed tone mapping, such as those used for... Figure 8 Distributed tone interleaving operation.

[0254] and Figure 19A Compared to the tonal interweaving example in 1900, Figure 19B The tone interleaving example 1950 removed the middle or 80MHz DC tones and generated tone maps with increased edge tones and reduced DC tones within 80MHz (or between 160MHz), such as two 80MHz segments.

[0255] like Figure 19B As illustrated, prior to tone interleaving 1952, dRU could be mapped to tones that did not include inter-channel DC tones (such as DC tones 1922 and 1926), similar to... Figure 19A Examples. In some such examples, the dRU may initially be mapped to any tone other than the reserved tones of guard tones 1912 and 1914 and DC tones 1922, 1924, and 1926. In specific examples, the dRU may be mapped to a specific subchannel or spreading bandwidth, such as 80 MHz. After tone interleaving 1954, the mapped tones may be interleaved across the entire distribution bandwidth, and the dRU may include or be mapped to tones that include the previous DC tones 1922 and 1926 and do not have an 80 MHz inter-DC tone. In some such examples, the dRU may adjust the amount of guard tones, the amount of DC tones, or both, to keep the total amount of tones used for data and pilot symbols the same. For example, in some examples, the dRU may utilize additional tones near the original 160 MHz inter-DC tone 1924. Alternatively, the dRU may not utilize additional tones near the original 160 MHz inter-DC tone 1924. Therefore, after interleaving, the dRU may have adjusted the amount of DC tone 1932 between each 80MHz segment.

[0256] Additionally or alternatively, the dRU can adjust the amount of guard tone near the channel edge and can utilize or not utilize tones near the original guard tone of 1912 and / or 1914. For example, the dRU can provide additional channel edge spacing by not utilizing additional tones near the original guard tone of 1912 and / or 1914 and centering the tone dRU. For example, as... Figure 19B As the example shows, compared to before interlacing and with Figure 19A Compared to the protective tones 1912 and 1914, the protective tones 1942 and 1944 can be increased after interlacing.

[0257] As an illustrative example, the protective tone 1912 can be increased from 12 tones (before interleaving) to 24 tones for the protective tone 1942 (after interleaving), the protective tone 1914 can be increased from 11 tones to 22 tones for the protective tone 1944, and the DC tone 1924 can be reduced from 23 tones to 10 tones.

[0258] During operation, one or more devices (such as stations) can be assigned one or more dRUs by another device (such as AP), and each device can be interleaved (such as reference). Figure 8 (as described) and as used Figure 19B The available tones illustrated herein determine the distributed tone of each assigned dRU. For illustration, the device may use the tones of the two illustrated segments to distribute the tone of the assigned dRU, and may not use the reserved tones of guard tones 1942 and 1944 and DC tone 1932.

[0259] exist Figure 19B In the example, the first device is assigned a logical RU, and the tones of the logical RUs are interleaved across a 160MHz distribution and channel bandwidth to interleave the tones of the logical RUs and generate dRU 1908, i.e., its distributed tones. See reference... Figure 8 As described, the device can first generate a logical dRU corresponding to the logical RU by generating a partially distributed tone by distributing the tones of the logical RUs across an 80MHz spread spectrum bandwidth according to the RU tone allocation plan. For example... Figure 19B As illustrated, this mapping can be utilized with Figure 19A Similar to the example tones. Then, the partially distributed tones can be interleaved with tones from other sub-channels across the distributed bandwidth, using the tones previously corresponding to DC tones 1922 and 1926.

[0260] and Figure 19A Compared to the operations in the middle, Figure 19BThe operation in this process increases the spacing between channel edges and positions more tones towards the center of the channel, which reduces spectral leakage and enables increased transmit power. Therefore, the SNR can be increased, and due to the increased SNR, throughput and transmission range can be increased.

[0261] However, Figure 19A The operations can be implemented with minimal changes to the operation of standard-compliant devices. For example, for tone interlacing, no new tone index or tone plan is required.

[0262] Figure 20A and Figure 20B Each example illustrates a dRU tone mapping index table based on several aspects. The dRU tone mapping index table identifies the tone indices (or subcarriers) of distributed tones for all dRUs allocated for a given dRU size, and can be used by the device to determine which tones are used for transmission or reception for one or more RUs in a specific allocation. Reference Figure 20A , Figure 20A Examples of dRU tone mapping index tables are provided, such as references. Figure 8 Examples of tonal interweaving described. For example, Figure 20A The dRU pitch mapping index table can correspond to the dRU pitch mapping index used for pitch mapping schemes, where the DC pitch and edge pitch of the old pitch mapping scheme are preserved and not used as in the past. Figure 19A The tones intertwine.

[0263] exist Figure 20A The example illustrates a dRU tone mapping index table 2000 for a 160MHz bandwidth channel. The dRU tone mapping index table 2000 provides the tone position and pilot subcarrier index of the data for a 160MHz PPDU or a dRU within a 160MHz channel bandwidth. Figure 20A In the dRU tone mapping index table 2000, half of the dRUs are separated from the other half by only one tone offset. For example, for a 160MHz PPDU with sixteen 106-tone dRUs, the ninth dRU (dRU 9) has a set of distributed tones that is separated from the distributed tone set of the first dRU (dRU 1) by one tone offset. For instance, dRU 9 consists of a set of tones where the tone index value of each tone of dRU 1 is incremented by one. Similarly, the distributed tones of the tenth to sixteenth dRUs (dRU 10 - dRU 16) are separated from the corresponding distributed tones of the second to eighth dRUs (dRU 2 - dRU 8) by one tone offset. As an illustrative example, the first tone of the first dRU (dRU 1) has an index value of -1002, and the first tone of the ninth dRU (dRU 1) has an index value of -1001, i.e., -1002 plus 1.

[0264] For example, in a 160MHz PPDU with eight 242-tone dRUs, the multiple dRUs can be different tone offsets far from a single dRU. For illustration, the second, third, and fifth dRUs each include a set of tones offset from the tone offset setpoint of the first dRU. For the 242-tone dRU example, the second dRU (dRU2) includes a set of distributed tones that are four tone offsets (e.g., four tone offsets) from the distributed tones of the first dRU (dRU1), the third dRU (dRU3) includes a set of distributed tones that are two tone offsets from the distributed tones of the first dRU (dRU1), and the fifth dRU (dRU5) includes a set of distributed tones that are one tone offset from the distributed tones of the first dRU (dRU1). The sixth and seventh dRUs can also be determined based on tone offsets from the dRUs, where the dRUs are determined based on tone offsets from the first dRU. For illustration, the sixth dRU (dRU6) includes a set of distributed tones that are one tone offset from the distributed tones of the second dRU (dRU2), the tone offset being determined based on the tone offsets from the first dRU. Furthermore, the seventh dRU (dRU7) includes a set of distributed tones that are one tone offset from the distributed tones of the third dRU (dRU3), the tone offset being determined based on the tone offsets from the first dRU. Therefore, as... Figure 19A As illustrated, the device may require only half or less of the tone indexes in the storage table to determine the tones of all possible dRUs. Therefore, the size of the dRU tone mapping index table can be reduced, and the memory used to store the dRU tone mapping index table can be reduced. Reducing the amount of memory used allows for a reduction in the size of both the memory and the device, as well as lower power consumption.

[0265] Additionally or alternatively, the device may use a formula to derive the tone index of the dRU. For example, the device may use the following formula to determine the tone index in a 160MHz channel: dRU_160 = 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025. In the previous formula, dRU_160 represents the dRU tone index value in 160MHz, and dRU_80 represents the dRU tone index value in 80MHz (which may be stored in a legacy table or calculated using a legacy formula). Idx_80 represents the value for a specific 80MHz segment, such as Idx_80 equals 1 for the first 80MHz segment, 2 for the second 80MHz segment, and so on.

[0266] As a non-limiting illustration of the above example formula for tone mapping dRU in 160MHz, the first dRU of 106 tones in the first 80MHz is mapped to the first dRU (dRU106) in 160MHz. The tone index of the first dRU (dRU106_1_80) of 106 tones in the first 80MHz can correspond to the following tone index values: [-483:36:-51, 17:36:449], [-467:36:-35, 33:36:465], [-475:36:-43, 25:36:457], [-459:36:-27, 41:36:473], [-495, 485]. The pitch of a dRU can have relative differences or spaces between pitches, as illustrated by the set of values: [12, 8, 8, 8, 12, 8, 8, 8, ...]. The relative pitch index of a dRU in 80MHz can be [18, 30, 38, 46, 54, 66, 74, 82, 90, ...]. For a specific index of the first dRU, Idx_80 equals 1, and the relative pitch index of a dRU in 160MHz can be [35 59 75 91 107 131 147 163 179 …]. Therefore, the distributed tones of dRU106_1_160 correspond to the following tone index values ​​[-990:72:-54,82:72:946,-966:72:-102,34:72:970,-950:72:-86,50:72:914,-934:72:-70,66:72:930]. Compared to 80MHz, the distributed tones of dRU106 have twice the relative tone difference or tone interval between tones, as illustrated by the following set of values: [24, 16, 16,16, 24, 16, 16, 16, ...].

[0267] For example, the device can use the following formula to determine the tone index in a 320MHz channel: dRU_320 = 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049. In the previous formula, dRU_320 represents the dRU tone index value in 320MHz, and dRU_80 represents the dRU tone index value in 80MHz (which can be stored in a legacy table or calculated using a legacy formula). Idx_80 represents the index value for a specific 80MHz segment. For example, the index value Idx_80 is equal to 1 for the first 80MHz segment, equal to 2 for the second 80MHz segment, and so on. Therefore, the device can derive the index of the assigned dRUs using existing legacy tone mapping index tables or legacy formulas combined with formulas for dRU tone indexing, instead of storing additional dRU tables. Thus, the device can support distributed tone operations without using additional memory to store dRU tone mapping index tables or additional dRU tone mapping index tables.

[0268] refer to Figure 20B , Figure 20B Another dRU tone mapping index table is illustrated based on some examples, such as references. Figure 8 Examples of tonal interweaving described. For example, Figure 20B The dRU pitch mapping index table can correspond to the dRU pitch mapping index used for pitch mapping schemes, where the DC pitch and edge pitch of the old pitch mapping scheme are not preserved and all FFT pitches are used as... Figure 19B The tones intertwine.

[0269] exist Figure 20B The example illustrates a dRU tone mapping index table 2002 for a 160MHz bandwidth channel. The dRU tone mapping index table 2002 provides the tone position and pilot subcarrier index of the dRU data in a 160MHz PPDU. Figure 20A In the dRU tone mapping index table 2002, the dRU tone index of each dRU is equal to the tone index of the first dRU of the same size plus a tone offset. For example, for a 160MHz PPDU with 16 106-tone dRUs, each dRU other than the first dRU (i.e., dRUs 2-16) has a distributed tone set that is separated from the distributed tone set of the first dRU (dRU1) by one or more tone offsets. For example, the second dRU (dRU2) consists of a tone set where each tone index value of dRU1 is increased by eight. Similarly, the third dRU (dRU3) consists of a tone set where each tone index value of dRU1 is increased by twelve. Therefore, as... Figure 19BAs illustrated, the device may only need to store the tone index of a single dRU for each tone size (such as 106-tone, 242-tone, etc.) and the corresponding tone offset values ​​of other dRUs to determine the distributed tone of all possible dRUs. Therefore, the device can have a reduced memory size and support reduced memory size requirements.

[0270] Although the examples in Figures 19 and 20 are illustrated with respect to a 160 MHz distributed bandwidth and an 80 MHz spread spectrum bandwidth, other sizes of distributed bandwidth, spread spectrum bandwidth, or both can be used in other examples. For example, a 240 MHz or 320 MHz distributed bandwidth can be used with an 80 MHz or 160 MHz spread spectrum bandwidth. Additionally, in some examples, the total channel bandwidth can be the same size as the distributed bandwidth, or in other examples, the total channel bandwidth can be greater than the distributed bandwidth.

[0271] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating an example process 2100 that can be executed at a wireless communication device supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of process 2100 may be implemented by a wireless AP, wireless STA, or components thereof as described herein. For example, process 2100 may be implemented by a wireless communication device (such as...) operating as a wireless STA or wireless AP, or operating within such a wireless AP or wireless STA. Figure 6 Second wireless communication device 650 or reference Figure 16 The described wireless communication device 1600) performs the procedure. In some examples, the procedure 2100 may be performed by a wireless STA (such as reference STA). Figure 1 The STA 104 described herein is a STA or a wireless AP (such as the reference STA 104 ... Figure 1 The AP described in AP 102 is used to perform this action.

[0272] In some examples, in block 2102, a wireless communication device receives scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted on a wireless channel by one or more wireless stations, including a wireless station. The scheduling information indicates one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones for a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel. The distributed bandwidth is greater than 80 MHz, and the one or more dRUs include a first dRU assigned to a wireless station. For example, a second wireless communication device 650 receives a first data packet 628 including scheduling information 610, such as... Figure 6 As described in [the document], or STA 104 receives a trigger frame from AP 102 at 725, such as [example]. Figure 7 As described in [the document]. Scheduling information 610, trigger frames, or both may include indications of the spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth of logical RUs (and corresponding dRUs) indicated by RU allocation information 612.

[0273] In some examples, in box 2104, the wireless communication device modulates multiple symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of a first dRU over a distributed bandwidth according to an RU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth, where the spreading bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth. For example, Figure 6 The second wireless communication device 650 can be based on, for example Figures 8 to 12 The process described herein determines the distributed pitch corresponding to the assigned pitch, and then symbols can be modulated on the determined distributed pitch.

[0274] In some examples, in box 2106, the wireless communication device transmits multiple symbols via a first dRU. For example, Figure 6 The second wireless communication device 650 can be as follows Figure 6 The transmission described herein includes a second data packet 629 of modulation symbols for dRU 670, or STA 104 and 704 as... Figure 7 The transmission described herein is for modulation symbols of one or more dRUs used in the PPDU. Figure 21 In the example, the device can transmit over a distributed tone, where the spreading bandwidth is less than the distributed bandwidth, as shown in the reference. Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 18 , Figure 19A or Figure 19B The tone indices of these distributed tones may correspond to any formula provided herein and / or any tone index table provided herein (such as...). Figure 20A and Figure 20B The tone index is generated from the dRU tone index table.

[0275] Figure 22 A flowchart illustrating an example process 2200 that can be executed at a wireless STA supporting enhanced distributed transmission operation, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of process 2200 may be implemented by a wireless STA, a wireless AP, or components thereof as described herein. For example, process 2200 may be implemented by a wireless communication device (such as...) operating as a wireless AP or wireless STA, or operating within such a wireless AP or wireless STA. Figure 6 First wireless communication device 602 or reference Figure 17 The described wireless communication device 1700 performs this operation. In some examples, process 2200 may be performed by a wireless AP (such as reference 1700). Figure 1 The AP102 described herein is an AP or a wireless STA (such as the reference). Figure 1 The STA described in STA 104 is used to perform this action.

[0276] In some examples, in block 2202, the wireless communication device transmits scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations on a wireless channel. The scheduling information indicates one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones for a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel. The distributed bandwidth is greater than 80 MHz. For example, the first wireless communication device 602 transmits a first data packet 628 including scheduling information 610, such as... Figure 6 As described in [the document], or AP 102 sends a trigger frame at 725, such as [example]. Figure 7 As described in [the document]. Scheduling information 610, trigger frames, or both may include indications of the spread spectrum bandwidth and distributed bandwidth of logical RUs (and corresponding dRUs) indicated by RU allocation information 612.

[0277] In some examples, within box 2204, the wireless communication device receives multiple symbols for the PPDU based on a tone mapping of the RU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth, where the spreading bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth. For example, Figure 6 The first wireless communication device 602 can be as follows Figure 6 As described in the document, receiving multiple modulation symbols of the second data packet 629 from the second wireless communication device 650, or as... Figure 7 The AP 102 described herein receives multiple modulation symbols from STA 104 and 704 for the dRU used in the PPDU. Figure 21 In the example, the device can receive modulation symbols for each of one or more dRUs over a distributed tone, where the spreading bandwidth is less than the distributed bandwidth, as referenced. Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 18 , Figure 19A or Figure 19B The tone indices of these distributed tones may correspond to any formula provided herein and / or any tone index table provided herein (such as...). Figure 20A and Figure 20B The tone index is generated from the dRU tone index table.

[0278] In other examples, wireless communication devices (such as APs) can send PPDUs to a single station, such as for downlink single-user operation. In such examples, the wireless communication device can determine the distributed tone for one or more dRUs for the PPDU, and modulate symbols for one or more dRUs on the corresponding distributed tone, similar to how reference box 2104 describes, and as reference... Figure 21 The frame 2106 describes the transmitted modulation symbols.

[0279] refer to Figure 23 , Figure 23 An example distributed transmission process 2300, according to some aspects of this disclosure, is illustrated and can be executed at a wireless communication device capable of or configured for enhanced distributed transmission tone mapping operation. The distributed tone mapping process 2300 can be used by a device transmitting a PPDU with a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz or a dRU size of 996 tones or more. For example, a distributed tone mapping architecture at a transmitting device (such as AP 102 or STA 104) is operable to perform distributed tone mapping. The receiving device can then recover the information carried (or modulated) on the distributed tones of the dRUs used for the corresponding allocation logic RUs by performing a similar distributed tone damping process.

[0280] Figure 23 The distributed transmission process 2300 illustrated herein is an example of a one-stage or two-stage distributed tone mapping process. That is, the distributed transmission process may first map the signal to be transmitted over a distributed bandwidth to generate multiple partially mapped portions of the signal, and then process these partially mapped portions individually to further or completely map the OFDM symbols of the signal to tones. For example, the distributed transmission process 2300 maps allocated symbols to tones across the entire distributed bandwidth. In some examples, the distributed transmission first maps symbols to a group or set of symbols for each sub-channel or spreading bandwidth of the distributed bandwidth. The distributed transmission process 2300 then further processes the group of symbols for each sub-channel or spreading bandwidth.

[0281] exist Figure 23 In the distributed transmission architecture, there are filler 2302, scrambler 2304, encoder 2306, filler 2308, stream parser 2310, one or more segment parsers (first segment parser 2312 and second segment parser 2314), one or more segment processing sections, one or more segment de-parsers (first segment de-parser 2340 and second segment de-parser 2342), CSD 2344, and space and frequency mapper 2346. Figure 23 The example illustrates two segment processing sections, a first segment processing section 2316 and a second segment processing section 2318. Each segment processing section 2316 and 2318 may include one or more components of each stream. For illustration, each segment processing section includes an interleaver, a constellation mapper (such as a symbol mapper or bit-to-symbol map), and a tone mapper (such as a symbol-to-tone map). Figure 23 As illustrated, the first processing unit 2316 includes a binary convolutional decoding (BCC) interleaver 2322, a constellation mapper 2324, and a low-density parity-check (LDPC) tone mapper 2326, and the second processing unit 2318 includes a BCC interleaver 2332, a constellation mapper 2334, and an LDPC tone mapper 2336.

[0282] Fillers 2302 and 2308 can be configured to add data, or padding data, to received data (such as a data stream) to be transmitted. Filler 2302 (such as a first filler or a pre-encoding filler) can fill or add data, such as bits with a specific value (zero or one), before forward error correction (FEC) encoding, and filler 2308 (such as a second filler or a post-encoding filler) can fill or add data, such as bits with a specific value (zero or one), after FEC encoding.

[0283] Scrambler 2304 is configured to receive a filler data stream from filler 2302 and scramble the filler data stream. Encoder 2306 receives the scrambled stream and encodes the scrambled stream, such as by performing FEC encoding. The encoded data stream is then provided to filler 2308 for filling.

[0284] Stream parser 2310 is configured to parse encoded and padding data received from padding unit 2308 to generate one or more streams (such as encoded streams). For example, stream parser 2310 may generate one or more spatial streams based on encoded and padding data. For illustration, stream parser 2310 may divide, split, or segment received data into multiple spatial streams.

[0285] Segment parsers 2312 and 2314 are each configured to receive a data stream (such as a spatial stream) from stream parser 2310 and segment the data stream into one or more data segments for processing by the segment processing unit.

[0286] The segment processing section may include multiple processing sections for each path or spatial stream. Each segment processing section may be configured to process the encoding section of its data to determine the symbols used to represent the encoded data and on which tones or subcarriers the symbols are transmitted. A BCC interleaver is configured to perform BCC interleaving. In certain operating modes, such as in LDPC coding mode, the BCC interleaver may not perform BCC interleaving. A constellation mapper may be configured to map multiple bits of a segment to specific symbols of a symbol-mapping constellation, called constellation symbols. An LDPC tone mapper may be configured to perform tone mapping for LDPC coding and may map the identified symbols to specific tones or subcarriers of a segment or subchannel, such as the spreading bandwidth. Each LDPC tone mapper may map constellation symbols to partially distribute tones on the corresponding segment or subchannel of the channel bandwidth or distributed bandwidth. In certain operating modes, such as in BCC coding mode, the LDPC tone mapper may not perform LDPC tone mapping.

[0287] The first segment parser 2340 and the second segment parser 2342 are each configured to deparse one or more processed data segments from the segment processing section. For example, the segment parser can combine symbols from multiple segments by distributing or mapping symbols from different segments together (such as interleaving).

[0288] The CSD 2344 is configured to apply a cyclic shift delay to the received de-parsed stream. For example... Figure 23 As illustrated in the example, each flow path may not have a CSD. For example, the first flow may not have a CSD, and each other flow may have a CSD.

[0289] The spatial and frequency mapper 2346 is configured to distribute tone across the entire distributed bandwidth to received symbol data modulated from one or more streams in each stream processing path. In some examples, compared to a conventional architecture that may only have a spatial mapper, the spatial and frequency mapper 2346 may be configured to map symbols from multiple spatial streams and perform a second stage of the distributed tone mapping process, such as first distributing partially distributed tones or interleaving partially distributed tones from sub-channels / spread spectrum bandwidths across the distributed bandwidth.

[0290] exist Figure 23 In the example, the distributed bandwidth is 160MHz and the spreading bandwidth is 80MHz. During operation, the transmitting device receives allocations of one or more dRUs of the PPDU across the entire distributed bandwidth. The transmitting device determines the data to be transmitted for the allocation and provides this data to the filler 2302. The filler 2302 adds one or more bits to the data to generate padded data and provides the padded data to the scrambler 2304. For example, the filler 2302 may add one or more bits to the value zero, one, or a combination thereof to satisfy the allocated data amount and / or satisfy error checking.

[0291] Scrambler 2304 receives the padded data stream from padded 2302 and scrambles the data. Scrambler 2304 provides the scrambled data to encoder 2306. Encoder 2306 receives the scrambled padded data and performs FEC encoding on the scrambled padded data to generate encoded data, which is provided to padded 2308. Padded 2308 optionally adds one or more bits to the encoded data to meet the data amount for allocation or error checking. The padded encoded data is provided to stream parser 2310.

[0292] Stream parser 2310 parses encoded and padded data to generate one or more streams (such as encoded streams). For example, stream parser 2310 may generate two spatial streams based on encoded and padded data. For illustration, stream parser 2310 may divide, split, or segment received data into two streams, providing the first stream to first segment parser 2312 and the second stream to second segment parser 2314.

[0293] The first segment parser 2312 parses the first stream to generate one or more first segments, and the second segment parser 2314 parses the second stream to generate one or more second segments. For example, the segment parser can be configured to perform proportional polling segment parsing as described herein to generate segments.

[0294] The first segment is provided to the first segment processing section, and the second segment is provided to the second segment processing section. Each segment processing section processes its encoded data portion to determine the symbols representing the encoded data and to determine on which tones or subcarriers the symbols are modulated for transmission. LDPC tone mapping can map constellation symbols to distributed tones based on the first part of the distributed tone mapping for each section or segment.

[0295] The first segment parser 2340 and the second segment parser 2342 each receive a corresponding set of one or more processed data segments from their respective segment processing portions. For example, the first segment parser 2340 receives a set of first processed data segments and combines these processed data segments to generate a first processed spatial stream. The second segment parser 2342 receives a set of second processed data segments and combines these processed data segments to generate a second processed data stream or a partially distributed data stream.

[0296] CSD 2344 applies a cyclic shift delay to the second parsed stream received from the second parser and provides the adjusted second parsed stream to the space and frequency mapper 2346.

[0297] The space and frequency mapper 2346 uses distributed tones across the entire distributed bandwidth to perform frequency mapping on the received decoded spatial stream. For example, the space and frequency mapper 2346 can use interleaved tones generated for the distributed bandwidth based on interleaved tones from different segments / spreading bandwidths for frequency mapping. Alternatively, the space and frequency mapper 2346 can use distributed tones from an upsampling tone scheme for frequency mapping, or it can use distributed tones from a single spread spectrum bandwidth and segment, as described herein.

[0298] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses: Clause 1. A wireless station comprising: one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: receive, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an access point (AP) for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to the wireless station; modulate a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU on the distributed bandwidth according to a resource element (RU) tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is less than the distributed bandwidth; and transmit the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0299] Clause 2. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0300] Clause 3. The wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, in order to map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spreading bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth, the one or more processors are further operable to: map data symbols among the plurality of symbols across the spreading bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth; and map LTF symbols among the plurality of symbols across the spreading bandwidth according to the dRULTF tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0301] Clause 4: The wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: map the plurality of LTF symbols associated with the first logical RU across the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0302] Clause 5: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the distributed bandwidth is less than the entire wireless channel, and wherein the wireless channel has a bandwidth of 240 MHz or 320 MHz.

[0303] Clause 6: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz or 320 MHz.

[0304] Clause 7: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and covers a first 80 MHz sub-channel of the wireless channel, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: distribute a plurality of mapped symbols from the first 80 MHz sub-channel across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to the amount of dRUs in the one or more dRUs and the amount of 80 MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel.

[0305] Clause 8: The wireless station of claim 7, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and LTF symbols, wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme, and wherein the mapped LTF symbols are distributed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to the amount of dRU in the one or more dRUs and the amount of 80MHz subchannel of the wireless channel.

[0306] Clause 9: The wireless station of claim 8, wherein the LTF symbol corresponds to an LTF sequence for the distributed bandwidth.

[0307] Clause 10: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, wherein the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, wherein, in order to map the plurality of symbols across the spreading bandwidth, the one or more processors are further operable to: segment the plurality of symbols associated with a first logical RU into corresponding 80 MHz sub-channels of a plurality of 80 MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel; and map the segmented symbols of each 80 MHz sub-channel of the wireless channel across the spreading bandwidth in the corresponding sub-channel according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0308] Clause 11: The wireless station of claim 10, wherein the distributed bandwidth of the PPDU spans the entire wireless channel and is continuous.

[0309] Clause 12: The wireless station of claim 10, wherein the wireless channel further comprises one or more perforated portions of bandwidth not allocated to the PPDU, and the plurality of symbols of the PPDU are not spread over the one or more perforated portions of bandwidth.

[0310] Clause 13: The wireless station of claim 10, wherein the modulated symbols include data symbols and LTF symbols, and wherein the LTF symbols are mapped according to a dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme.

[0311] Clause 14: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: divide the tone associated with the first logical RU among the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth according to a PRR parser to generate a first tone for the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth; map the first symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the first tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; and map the second symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the second tone of the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0312] Clause 15: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: reduce the tone amount indicated by the first logical RU to generate a quantized tone, wherein the tone amount of the first logical RU is greater than the tone amount of the quantized tone; divide the quantized tone among the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth according to a PRR parser to generate a first tone for a first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for a second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth; map a first symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the first tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; and map a second symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the second tone of the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0313] Clause 16: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: divide the tone associated with the first logical RU among the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth according to a polling parser to generate a first tone for the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth; reduce the tone amount of the first tone and the tone amount of the second tone to generate a first quantized tone and a second quantized tone, wherein the tone amount of the first quantized tone and the tone amount of the second quantized tone correspond to the tone amount of a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; map a first symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the first quantized tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; and map a second symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the second quantized tone of the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0314] Clause 17: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the distribution bandwidth is greater than the spreading bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: distribute the mapped symbols associated with the spreading bandwidth across the distribution bandwidth of the wireless channel according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0315] Clause 18: The wireless station of claim 17, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and LTF symbols, wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth and the dRU tone plan, and wherein the mapped LTF symbols are distributed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0316] Clause 19: The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the distribution bandwidth is greater than the spreading bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the distribution bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of a dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0317] Clause 20: The wireless station of claim 19, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and LTF symbols, and wherein the LTF symbols are mapped onto the distributed bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme.

[0318] Clause 21: A radio station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the PPDU further comprises one or more conventional non-distributed resource units.

[0319] Clause 22: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the scheduling information includes RU allocation information, and wherein the RU allocation information indicates a first logical RU allocated to the wireless station and corresponding to the first dRU.

[0320] Clause 23: The wireless station of claim 22, wherein, in order to receive the scheduling information and the RU allocation, the one or more processors are further operable to: receive a trigger frame, the trigger frame including the scheduling information, the RU allocation information, and one or more of the following: dRU indication information, the dRU indication information indicating that one or more of the allocated logical RUs include dRUs; distributed bandwidth information, the distributed bandwidth information indicating the distributed bandwidth associated with the one or more dRUs; spreading bandwidth information, the spreading bandwidth information indicating the spreading bandwidth associated with the one or more dRUs; dRU CSD start index information, the dRU cyclic shift delay (CSD) start index information identifying the start CSD value for the one or more dRUs; or a combination thereof.

[0321] Clause 24: The wireless station of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further operable to apply the CSD to the short training field (STF) associated with the PPDU in association with the dRU CSD start index information and the dRU tone plan associated with the distributed bandwidth.

[0322] Clause 25: The wireless station of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: receive the distributed bandwidth information, wherein the distributed bandwidth information is indicated by more than two bits, and wherein the dRU indication information is indicated on a basis of 80 MHz.

[0323] Clause 26: For any wireless station according to claim 1 or 2, the tone index of the dRU in the 160MHz distributed bandwidth of the first dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025, where dRU_80 is the set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is the index value for a specific 80MHz segment.

[0324] Clause 27: For any wireless station according to claim 1 or 2, the tone index of the dRU in the 320MHz distributed bandwidth of the first dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80MHz segment.

[0325] Clause 28: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the tone index of the second dRU in the 160 MHz distributed bandwidth is equal to the tone index of the first dRU plus the tone offset.

[0326] Clause 29: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein only the data tone and pilot tone of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of the data tone, pilot tone or both across the distributed bandwidth.

[0327] Clause 30: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein one or more direct conversion (DC) tones of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of data tones, pilot tones, or both across the distributed bandwidth.

[0328] Clause 31: A wireless station according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein direct conversion (DC) tones and edge tones are preserved.

[0329] Clause 32: An AP, one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: transmit, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set of a distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and receive multiple symbols for the PPDU according to a resource element (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is less than the distributed bandwidth.

[0330] Clause 33: The AP of claim 32, wherein the distributed bandwidth is equal to the spread spectrum bandwidth, and wherein the wireless channel has a bandwidth of 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: demap the plurality of symbols of the PPDU into symbol sets according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and demodulate the symbol sets of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU.

[0331] Clause 34: The AP of claim 33, wherein, in order to demap the plurality of symbols, the one or more processors are further operable to: demap a plurality of LTF symbols among the plurality of symbols according to a dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

[0332] Clause 35: The AP of claim 32, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: demap the plurality of symbols of the PPDU into symbol sets according to a dRU tone schedule associated with the spreading bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and demodulate the symbol sets of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU.

[0333] Clause 36: The AP of claim 35, wherein, in order to demap the plurality of symbols to the symbol set, the one or more processors are further operable to: deinterleave the plurality of symbols of the PPDU to corresponding dRUs in the one or more dRUs according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth, the number of dRUs in the one or more dRUs, and the distributed bandwidth, to segment the plurality of symbols into the symbol set; and demap the symbol set for each dRU in the one or more dRUs according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth.

[0334] Clause 37: The AP of claim 36, wherein, in order to deinterleave the plurality of symbols, the one or more processors are further operable to: perform a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operation across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, wherein frequency decimation is performed in the time domain.

[0335] Clause 38: The AP of claim 32, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: determine a set of symbols among the plurality of symbols based on sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth, each set of symbols corresponding to a corresponding sub-channel among the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth; demap the set of symbols among the plurality of symbols in each sub-channel according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth; deinterleave the demapped symbols from the set of symbols according to the amount of sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth; and demodulate the deinterleaved symbols to process the PPDU.

[0336] Clause 39: The AP of claim 38, wherein the first set of symbols of the plurality of symbols for the first dRU of the one or more dRUs is received on a tone amount less than the tone amount of the first logical RU corresponding to the first dRU that is assigned to the PPDU.

[0337] Clause 40: The AP of claim 32, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: demap the plurality of symbols of the PPDU to a set of symbols according to an up-frequency version of a dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth, each set of symbols corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and demodulate the set of symbols of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU.

[0338] Clause 41: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein the one or more dRUs comprise a plurality of dRUs, wherein the one or more stations comprise a plurality of stations, and wherein the plurality of dRUs are received from the plurality of stations.

[0339] Clause 42: The AP of claim 36, wherein each of the plurality of stations has a different CSD value, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: determine, in association with the CSD value of the PPDU, which of the one or more dRUs corresponds to each station.

[0340] Clause 43: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein the PPDU further comprises at least one non-distributed resource unit (rRU).

[0341] Clause 44: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein the tone index of the one or more dRUs in the distributed bandwidth of 160 MHz is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80 MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80 MHz segment.

[0342] Clause 45: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein the tone index of the dRU in the 320MHz distributed bandwidth of the first dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049, where dRU_80 is the set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is the index value for a specific 80MHz segment.

[0343] Clause 46: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein the tone index of the second dRU in the 160MHz distributed bandwidth is equal to the tone index of the first dRU plus the tone offset.

[0344] Clause 47: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein only the data tone and pilot tone of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of the data tone, pilot tone or both across the distributed bandwidth.

[0345] Clause 48: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein one or more direct conversion (DC) tones of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of the data tone, pilot tone, or both across the distributed bandwidth.

[0346] Clause 49: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein, in order to demap the symbols, the one or more processors are further operable to: map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein direct conversion (DC) tones and edge tones are preserved.

[0347] Clause 50: The AP according to any one of claims 32 or 33, wherein, in order to demap the symbols, the one or more processors are further operable to: map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and using direct conversion (DC) tone.

[0348] Clause 51: A wireless station comprising: one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: receive, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an access point (AP) for a PPDU to be transmitted by the AP, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU for the wireless station; and receive a plurality of symbols for the PPDU according to a resource element (RU) tone plan associated with a spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is less than the distributed bandwidth.

[0349] Clause 52: An AP comprising: one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: transmit, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU for a wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU from the AP to the wireless station; modulating a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU over the distributed bandwidth according to a resource element (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is less than the distributed bandwidth; and transmitting the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0350] Clause 53: A method for wireless communication performed by a wireless STA, the method comprising: receiving, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an AP for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU assigned to the wireless station; modulating a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and transmitting the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0351] Clause 54: An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an AP for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU assigned to the wireless station; means for modulating a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and means for transmitting the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0352] Clause 55: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including: receiving, via a wireless channel, scheduling information from an AP for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a bandwidth greater than 80 MHz of the wireless channel, the one or more dRUs including a first dRU assigned to the wireless station; modulating a plurality of symbols for the PPDU onto the tone set of the first dRU; and transmitting the plurality of symbols via the first dRU.

[0353] Clause 56: A method for wireless communication performed by an AP, the method comprising: transmitting, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones distributed across a distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and receiving a plurality of symbols for the PPDU.

[0354] Clause 57: An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: means for transmitting, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones distributed across a distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, the distributed bandwidth being greater than 80 MHz; and means for receiving a plurality of symbols for the PPDU.

[0355] Clause 58: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including: transmitting, via a wireless channel, scheduling information for a PPDU to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations, the scheduling information indicating one or more dRUs within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones across a distributed bandwidth distribution greater than 80 MHz of the wireless channel; and receiving a plurality of symbols for the PPDU.

[0356] As used herein, the term "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, searching (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), reasoning, probing, and similar actions. Additionally, "determine" can include receiving (such as receiving information), accessing (such as accessing data stored in memory), sending (such as sending information), etc. Furthermore, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, obtaining, choosing, building, and other similar actions.

[0357] As used herein, the phrase “at least one of the items” refers to any combination of those items (including a single member). For example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc. As used herein, “or” is intended to be interpreted in an inclusive sense unless otherwise expressly indicated. For example, “a or b” could include only a, only b, or a combination of a and b.

[0358] As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated, “or” is intended to be interpreted in an inclusive sense. For example, unless otherwise expressly indicated, “based on” may be used interchangeably with “at least partially based on,” “associated with,” or “according to.” Specifically, unless the phrase in the context refers to “based on only one” or an equivalent, it may be based solely on “one” or on a combination of “one” and one or more other factors, conditions, or information, whether it is “based on one” or “at least partially based on one.”

[0359] The various exemplary components, logic units, logic blocks, modules, circuits, operations, and algorithmic processes described in conjunction with the examples disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, firmware, software, or a combination of hardware, firmware, or software, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents. This interchangeability of hardware, firmware, and software has been generally described in terms of its functionality and exemplified in the various exemplary components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware, firmware, or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0360] Various modifications to the examples described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other examples without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the examples shown herein, but are to be granted the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles disclosed herein, and the novel features.

[0361] Additionally, the various features described in this specification in the context of individual examples may also be implemented in combination in a single specific embodiment. Conversely, the various features described in the context of a single specific embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple examples. Thus, although features may be described above as functioning in a particular combination, and even initially claimed in this way, one or more features from the claimed combination may be removed from the combination in some cases, and the claimed combination may involve sub-combinations or variations of sub-combinations.

[0362] Similarly, although operations are depicted in a specific order in the diagrams, this should not be construed as requiring such operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in sequential order, or to perform all illustrated operations to achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the accompanying figures may schematically depict one or more example processes in the form of flowcharts or flow diagrams. However, other operations not depicted may be incorporated into the schematically illustrated example processes. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously with, or between any of the illustrated operations. In some environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the examples described above should not be construed as requiring such separation in all examples, but rather should be understood as meaning that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or encapsulated in multiple software products. Claims (as amended under Article 19 of the Treaty) 1. A wireless station, the wireless station comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-readable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: Scheduling information is received from an access point (AP) via a wireless channel for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station. The scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones distributed across a distributed bandwidth of greater than 80 MHz across the wireless channel, and the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to the wireless station. According to a resource unit (RU) tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth, multiple symbols for the PPDU are modulated onto the tone set of the first dRU on the distributed bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth; and The plurality of symbols are transmitted via the first dRU. 2. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are mapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. 3. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein, in order to map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spreading bandwidth according to the dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth, the one or more processors are further operable to: Map data symbols across the plurality of symbols according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; and Map LTF symbols among the plurality of symbols across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to the dRU long training field (LTF) tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. 4. The wireless station according to claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80MHz and the distributed bandwidth is 160MHz, 240MHz or 320MHz. 5. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and covers a first 80 MHz sub-channel of the wireless channel, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel is based on the amount of dRUs in one or more dRUs and the amount of 80MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel, and is derived from the mapped multiple symbols of the first 80MHz sub-channel. 6. The wireless station of claim 5, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme, and wherein the mapped LTF symbols are distributed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to the amount of dRU in the one or more dRUs and the amount of 80MHz subchannel of the wireless channel. 7. The wireless station of claim 6, wherein the LTF symbol corresponds to an LTF sequence for the distributed bandwidth. 8. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, wherein the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, wherein, in order to map the plurality of symbols across the spreading bandwidth, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols associated with the first logical RU are segmented into corresponding 80MHz sub-channels of the plurality of 80MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel; and The symbols of each segment of the radio channel in each 80MHz subchannel are mapped across the spreading bandwidth in the corresponding subchannel according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth. 9. The wireless station of claim 8, wherein the wireless channel further comprises one or more punched sub-channels not assigned to the one or more wireless stations, and wherein the plurality of symbols of the PPDU are not spread over the one or more punched sub-channels. 10. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: The polling parser divides the tone associated with the first logical RU among the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth to generate a first tone for the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth. The pitch amount of the first pitch and the pitch amount of the second pitch are reduced to generate a first quantized pitch and a second quantized pitch, wherein the pitch amount of the first quantized pitch and the pitch amount of the second quantized pitch correspond to the pitch amount of the dRU pitch scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. Mapping a first symbol of the plurality of symbols onto the first quantization tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; and The second symbol among the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the second quantization tone of the second 80MHz subchannel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. 11. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The distributed bandwidth across the wireless channel is distributed with mapped symbols associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the plurality of symbols includes data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme, and wherein the mapped LTF symbols are distributed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. 12. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are mapped across the distributed bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the plurality of symbols include data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, and wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the distributed bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone plan. 13. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the scheduling information includes RU allocation information, and wherein the RU allocation information indicates a first logical RU allocated to the wireless station and corresponding to the first dRU, and wherein, in order to receive the scheduling information and the RU allocation, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: Receive a trigger frame, the trigger frame including the scheduling information, the RU allocation information, and one or more of the following: dRU indication information, which indicates that one or more of the allocated logical RUs include dRUs; Distributed bandwidth information, which indicates the distributed bandwidth associated with the one or more dRUs, wherein the distributed bandwidth information is indicated by more than two bits, and wherein the dRU indication information is indicated on a basis of 80 MHz; Spreading bandwidth information, which indicates the spreading bandwidth associated with the one or more dRUs; dRU cyclic shift delay (CSD) start index information, wherein the dRU cyclic shift delay (CSD) start index information identifies the start CSD value used for the one or more dRUs; or Their combination. 14. The wireless station of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The CSD is applied to the short training field (STF) associated with the PPDU in conjunction with the dRU CSD starting index information and the dRU tone plan associated with the distributed bandwidth. 15. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein when the distributed bandwidth is 160MHz, the tone index for the dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80MHz segment, and wherein when the distributed bandwidth is 320MHz, the tone index for the dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80MHz segment. 16. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are mapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein direct conversion (DC) tones and edge tones are preserved. 17. An access point (AP), the access point (AP) comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-readable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: Scheduling information for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations via a wireless channel is transmitted. The scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU comprising a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz of the wireless channel; and Multiple symbols for the PPDU are received according to a resource unit (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth. 18. The AP of claim 17, wherein the wireless channel has a bandwidth of 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are demapped into symbol sets according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and Demodulate the symbol set of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU. 19. The AP of claim 17, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are demapped into symbol sets according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and Demodulate the symbol set of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU. 20. The AP of claim 19, wherein, in order to demap the plurality of symbols to the symbol set, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are deinterleaved to the corresponding dRUs in the one or more dRUs according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, the number of dRUs in the one or more dRUs, and the distributed bandwidth, so as to segment the plurality of symbols into the symbol set; and The symbol set for each of the one or more dRUs is demapped according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. 21. The AP of claim 20, wherein, in order to deinterleave the plurality of symbols, the one or more processors are further operable to: A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operation is performed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, wherein frequency decimation is performed in the time domain. 22. The AP of claim 17, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The symbol set among the plurality of symbols is determined based on the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth, and each symbol set corresponds to a corresponding sub-channel among the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth; The symbol set in the plurality of symbols in each of the sub-channels is demapped according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; Deinterleaving the demapped symbols from the symbol set according to the amount of sub-channels with the distributed bandwidth; and Demodulate the deinterleaved symbols to process the PPDU. 23. The AP of claim 22, wherein the first set of symbols of the plurality of symbols for the first dRU of the one or more dRUs is received on a tone amount less than the tone amount of the first logical RU corresponding to the first dRU that is assigned to the PPDU. 24. The AP of claim 17, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are demapped into symbol sets according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU among the one or more dRUs; and Demodulate the symbol set of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU. 25. The AP of claim 17, wherein the one or more dRUs comprise a plurality of dRUs, the one or more stations comprise a plurality of stations, and wherein the plurality of dRUs are received from the plurality of stations, and wherein each of the plurality of stations has a different cyclic shift delay (CSD) value, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: The CSD value of the PPDU is used to determine which of the one or more dRUs correspond to each station. 26. The AP of claim 17, wherein when the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, the tone index for the one or more dRUs is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80 MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80 MHz segment, and wherein when the distributed bandwidth is 320 MHz, the tone index for the one or more dRUs is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80 MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80 MHz segment. 27. The AP of claim 17, wherein, in order to demap the symbols, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are demapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein direct conversion (DC) tones and edge tones are preserved. 28. The AP of claim 17, wherein, in order to demap the symbols, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: According to the dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and using direct conversion (DC) tone, the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are demapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth. 29. A method for wireless communication, the method comprising: Scheduling information is received from an access point (AP) via a wireless channel for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station. The scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones distributed across a distributed bandwidth of greater than 80 MHz across the wireless channel, and the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to the wireless station. According to a resource unit (RU) tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth, multiple symbols for the PPDU are modulated onto the tone set of the first dRU on the distributed bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth; and The plurality of symbols are transmitted via the first dRU. 30. A method for wireless communication, the method comprising: Scheduling information for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by an Access Point (AP) to one or more wireless stations via a wireless channel, the scheduling information indicating one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz of the wireless channel; and The AP receives multiple symbols for the PPDU according to a resource unit (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth.

Claims

1. A wireless station, the wireless station comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-readable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: Scheduling information is received from an access point (AP) via a wireless channel for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations including the wireless station. The scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding set of tones distributed across a distributed bandwidth of greater than 80 MHz across the wireless channel, and the one or more dRUs including a first dRU allocated to the wireless station. Multiple symbols for the PPDU are modulated onto the tone set of the first dRU on the distributed bandwidth according to a resource unit (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth; as well as The plurality of symbols are transmitted via the first dRU.

2. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are mapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

3. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein, in order to map the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU across the spreading bandwidth according to the dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth, the one or more processors are further operable to: Map data symbols across the plurality of symbols according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; and Map LTF symbols among the plurality of symbols across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to the dRU long training field (LTF) tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

4. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: Multiple LTF symbols associated with the first logical RU are mapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to different dRU long training field (LTF) tone schemes associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

5. The wireless station according to claim 2, wherein the distributed bandwidth is less than the entire wireless channel, and wherein the wireless channel has a bandwidth of 240MHz or 320MHz.

6. The wireless station according to claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80MHz and the distributed bandwidth is 160MHz, 240MHz or 320MHz.

7. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz and covers a first 80 MHz sub-channel of the wireless channel, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel is based on the amount of dRUs in one or more dRUs and the amount of 80MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel, and is derived from the mapped multiple symbols of the first 80MHz sub-channel.

8. The wireless station of claim 7, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme, and wherein the mapped LTF symbols are distributed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to the amount of dRU in the one or more dRUs and the amount of 80MHz subchannel of the wireless channel.

9. The wireless station of claim 8, wherein the LTF symbol corresponds to an LTF sequence for the distributed bandwidth.

10. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, wherein the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, wherein, in order to map the plurality of symbols across the spreading bandwidth, the one or more processors are further operable to: The plurality of symbols associated with the first logical RU are segmented into corresponding 80MHz sub-channels of the plurality of 80MHz sub-channels of the wireless channel; and The symbols of each segment of the radio channel in each 80MHz subchannel are mapped across the spreading bandwidth in the corresponding subchannel according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spreading bandwidth.

11. The wireless station of claim 10, wherein the distributed bandwidth of the PPDU spans all the tones of the entire wireless channel.

12. The wireless station of claim 10, wherein the wireless channel further comprises one or more punched sub-channels not assigned to the one or more wireless stations, and wherein the plurality of symbols of the PPDU are not spread over the one or more punched sub-channels.

13. The wireless station of claim 10, wherein the modulated symbols include data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, and wherein the LTF symbols are mapped according to a dRULTF tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme.

14. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: According to the proportional polling (PRR) parser, the tone associated with the first logical RU is divided among the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth to generate a first tone for the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth; The first symbol of the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the first tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. as well as The second symbol of the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the second tone of the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

15. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: Reduce the pitch amount indicated by the first logic RU to generate a quantized pitch, wherein the pitch amount of the first logic RU is greater than the pitch amount of the quantized pitch; The quantization tone is divided between the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth according to the proportional polling (PRR) resolver to generate a first tone for the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth. The first symbol of the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the first tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. as well as The second symbol of the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the second tone of the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

16. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: The polling parser divides the tone associated with the first logical RU among the 80MHz sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth to generate a first tone for the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth and a second tone for the second 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth. The pitch amount of the first pitch and the pitch amount of the second pitch are reduced to generate a first quantized pitch and a second quantized pitch, wherein the pitch amount of the first quantized pitch and the pitch amount of the second quantized pitch correspond to the pitch amount of the dRU pitch scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth. The first symbol of the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the first quantization tone of the first 80MHz sub-channel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; as well as The second symbol of the plurality of symbols is mapped onto the second quantization tone of the second 80MHz subchannel of the distributed bandwidth according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

17. The wireless station of claim 2, wherein the distribution bandwidth is greater than the spreading bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The distributed bandwidth distribution across the wireless channel is mapped to the symbols associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth based on the up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

18. The wireless station of claim 17, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, wherein the LTF symbols are mapped on the spreading bandwidth according to a dRU LTF tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth and the dRU tone plan, and wherein the mapped LTF symbols are distributed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone plan associated with the spreading bandwidth.

19. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the distribution bandwidth is greater than the spreading bandwidth, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are mapped across the distributed bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

20. The wireless station of claim 19, wherein the plurality of symbols comprises data symbols and long training field (LTF) symbols, and wherein the LTF symbols are mapped onto the distributed bandwidth according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and the dRU tone scheme.

21. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the PPDU further comprises one or more conventional non-distributed resource units.

22. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the scheduling information includes RU allocation information, and wherein the RU allocation information indicates a first logical RU allocated to the wireless station and corresponding to the first dRU.

23. The wireless station according to claim 22, wherein, In order to receive the scheduling information and the RU allocation, the one or more processors are also capable of operating to: Receive a trigger frame, the trigger frame including the scheduling information, the RU allocation information, and one or more of the following: dRU indication information, which indicates that one or more of the allocated logical RUs include dRUs; Distributed bandwidth information, which indicates the distributed bandwidth associated with the one or more dRUs; Spreading bandwidth information, which indicates the spreading bandwidth associated with the one or more dRUs; dRU cyclic shift delay (CSD) start index information, wherein the dRU cyclic shift delay (CSD) start index information identifies the start CSD value used for the one or more dRUs; or Their combination.

24. The wireless station of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The CSD is applied to the short training field (STF) associated with the PPDU in conjunction with the dRU CSD starting index information and the dRU tone plan associated with the distributed bandwidth.

25. The wireless station of claim 23, wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The distributed bandwidth information is received, wherein the distributed bandwidth information is indicated by more than two bits, and wherein the dRU indication information is indicated on a basis of 80 MHz.

26. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the tone index of the dRU in the 160MHz distributed bandwidth of the first dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80MHz segment.

27. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the tone index of the dRU in the 320MHz distributed bandwidth of the first dRU is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80MHz segment.

28. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein the tone index of the second dRU in the 160MHz distributed bandwidth is equal to the tone index of the first dRU plus the tone offset.

29. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein only the data tone and pilot tone of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of the data tone, pilot tone, or both across the distributed bandwidth.

30. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein one or more direct conversion (DC) tones of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of data tones, pilot tones, or both across the distributed bandwidth.

31. The wireless station of claim 1, wherein, in order to modulate the plurality of symbols onto the tone set of the first dRU, the one or more processors are further operable to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are mapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein direct conversion (DC) tones and edge tones are preserved.

32. An access point (AP), the access point (AP) comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-readable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: Scheduling information for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by one or more wireless stations via a wireless channel is transmitted. The scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU comprising a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz of the wireless channel; and Multiple symbols for the PPDU are received according to a resource unit (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth.

33. The AP of claim 32, wherein the wireless channel has a bandwidth of 160MHz, 240MHz, or 320MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are demapped into symbol sets according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and Demodulate the symbol set of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU.

34. The AP of claim 33, wherein, in order to demap the plurality of symbols, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: Multiple LTF symbols among the multiple symbols are demapped according to the dRU long training field (LTF) tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

35. The AP of claim 32, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are demapped into symbol sets according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU in the one or more dRUs; and Demodulate the symbol set of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU.

36. The AP of claim 35, wherein in order to demap the plurality of symbols to the symbol set, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are deinterleaved to the corresponding dRUs in the one or more dRUs according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, the number of dRUs in the one or more dRUs, and the distributed bandwidth, so as to segment the plurality of symbols into the symbol set; and The symbol set for each of the one or more dRUs is demapped according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth.

37. The AP of claim 36, wherein, in order to deinterleave the plurality of symbols, the one or more processors are further operable to: A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operation is performed across the distributed bandwidth of the wireless channel, wherein frequency decimation is performed in the time domain.

38. The AP of claim 32, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The symbol set among the plurality of symbols is determined based on the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth, and each symbol set corresponds to a corresponding sub-channel among the sub-channels of the distributed bandwidth; The symbol set in the plurality of symbols in each of the sub-channels is demapped according to the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth; The de-mapped symbols are deinterleaved from the symbol set based on the amount of sub-channels with the distributed bandwidth. as well as Demodulate the deinterleaved symbols to process the PPDU.

39. The AP of claim 38, wherein the first set of symbols of the plurality of symbols for the first dRU of the one or more dRUs is received on a tone amount less than the tone amount of the first logical RU corresponding to the first dRU that is assigned to the PPDU.

40. The AP of claim 32, wherein the spreading bandwidth is 80 MHz, and the distributed bandwidth is 160 MHz, 240 MHz, or 320 MHz, and wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols of the PPDU are demapped into symbol sets according to an up-frequency version of the dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, each symbol set corresponding to a corresponding dRU among the one or more dRUs; and Demodulate the symbol set of the one or more dRUs to process the PPDU.

41. The AP of claim 32, wherein the one or more dRUs comprise a plurality of dRUs, wherein the one or more stations comprise a plurality of stations, and wherein the plurality of dRUs are received from the plurality of stations.

42. The AP of claim 41, wherein each of the plurality of stations has a different cyclic shift delay (CSD) value, and wherein the one or more processors are further operable to: The CSD value of the PPDU is used to determine which of the one or more dRUs correspond to each station.

43. The AP of claim 32, wherein the PPDU further comprises at least one non-distributed resource unit (rRU).

44. The AP of claim 32, wherein the tone index of the one or more dRUs in the distributed bandwidth of 160 MHz is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 1025, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80 MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80 MHz segment.

45. The AP of claim 32, wherein the tone index of the one or more dRUs in the distributed bandwidth of 320 MHz is derived from the following formula: 2 * (dRU_80 + 513 – 1) + Idx_80 – 2049, where dRU_80 is a set of dRU tone indices for a specific dRU size in 80 MHz, and Idx_80 is an index value for a specific 80 MHz segment.

46. ​​The AP of claim 32, wherein the tone index of the second dRU in the one or more dRUs in the 160MHz distributed bandwidth is equal to the tone index of the first dRU in the one or more dRUs plus a tone offset.

47. The AP of claim 32, wherein only the data tone and pilot tone of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of the data tone, pilot tone or both across the distributed bandwidth.

48. The AP of claim 32, wherein one or more direct conversion (DC) tones of the dRU in 80 MHz are used for tone interleaving of data tone, pilot tone, or both across the distributed bandwidth.

49. The AP of claim 32, wherein, in order to demap the symbols, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: The plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are demapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth according to a dRU tone scheme associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein direct conversion (DC) tones and edge tones are preserved.

50. The AP of claim 32, wherein, in order to demap the symbols, the one or more processors are further capable of operating to: According to the dRU tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth and using direct conversion (DC) tone, the plurality of symbols from the first logical RU are demapped across the spread spectrum bandwidth.

51. A wireless station, the wireless station comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-readable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: Scheduling information for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) to be transmitted by the AP is received from an access point via a wireless channel. The scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel, each dRU including a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth of greater than 80 MHz across the wireless channel, and the one or more dRUs including a first dRU for the wireless station. as well as Multiple symbols for the PPDU are received according to a resource unit (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth.

52. An access point (AP), the access point (AP) comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-readable code; and One or more processors, said one or more processors being coupled to said one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to: Scheduling information for Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) (PPDUs) of a wireless station is transmitted via a wireless channel. This scheduling information indicates one or more Distributed Resource Units (dRUs) within the wireless channel. Each dRU includes a corresponding tone set distributed across a distributed bandwidth greater than 80 MHz across the wireless channel. The one or more dRUs include a first dRU from the AP to the wireless station. Multiple symbols for the PPDU are modulated onto the tone set of the first dRU on the distributed bandwidth according to a resource unit (RU) tone plan associated with the spread spectrum bandwidth, wherein the spread spectrum bandwidth is smaller than the distributed bandwidth; as well as The plurality of symbols are transmitted via the first dRU.

Images