Automatic weeding device for solanaceous fruit farmland and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic weeding device for solanaceous fruit farmland and a using method, and relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment.The weeding device is characterized in that a weeding assembly is arranged in a weeding outer shell, the resistance of a main blade during weeding is increased, and the main blade drives a sliding rod to slide in a U-shaped flow channel in a hydraulic shell; the first piston pushes the second piston to slide in the U-shaped flow channel through hydraulic oil in the U-shaped flow channel, the second piston pushes the soil loosening teeth to be ejected out, and the soil breaking cones at the front ends of the soil loosening teeth loosen soil. Soil is loosened through the soil breaking cones at the front ends of the soil loosening teeth, the device can go deep into the soil to bring out weed root systems, the problem that a traditional device only removes stems and leaves and residual root systems is solved, the weed removal rate is remarkably increased, and when the soil loosening teeth stretch out, the limiting blocks abut against the vertical faces of the wedge-shaped check blocks to form mechanical limiting; retraction of the soil loosening teeth caused by soil resistance in the soil loosening process is prevented, and it is ensured that the soil breaking cone continuously goes deep into soil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a solanaceous farmland automatic weeding device and use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solanaceous crops include tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, etc., and the field management of solanaceous crops requires frequent weeding, but manual weeding is extremely inefficient, especially in large-scale planting scenarios, the cost is high, and manual weeding has been difficult to meet the needs of modern agricultural production.

[0003] The existing weeding device adopts single mechanical weeding, which can only cut off the aboveground part of weeds by blades, and cannot bring the weed roots in the soil, so the weed roots in the soil are not removed and are easy to regenerate in a short time, resulting in high weed regeneration rate, and repeated operations are required to control the growth of weeds, which not only increases the cost of field management, but also may cause continuous disturbance to the growth environment of solanaceous crops due to repeated operations. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a solanaceous farmland automatic weeding device and use method which can completely remove weeds and stabilize soil loosening.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is that the two sides of the bottom of the frame are respectively provided with wheels for walking, the front end of the frame is provided with a weeding shell, and the inside of the weeding shell is provided with a weeding assembly for automatically weeding the solanaceous farmland; the weeding assembly is that a connecting shaft is rotatably installed in the inside of the weeding shell, rotating blocks rotatably connected with the weeding shell are arranged at the two ends of the connecting shaft, cutter disc racks fixedly connected with the rotating blocks are arranged at the two ends of the connecting shaft, cutting units are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction between the two cutter disc racks, each cutting unit comprises a main blade for cutting weeds, a fixed plate, and a soil loosening tooth for loosening soil, the main blade and the fixed plate are arranged along the circumferential direction between the two cutter disc racks, a plurality of hydraulic housings are arranged on the fixed plate, U-shaped flow channels filled with hydraulic oil are arranged in each hydraulic housing, a first piston is arranged in one side port of the U-shaped flow channel, a second piston is arranged in the other side port of the U-shaped flow channel, the first piston is connected with the main blade through a sliding rod, and the second piston is connected with the soil loosening tooth.

[0006] Further, the frame is provided with a motor power assembly for driving the weeding assembly to work, the motor power assembly comprises a power generation system, a fuel system, an ignition system, a lubrication system, and a cooling system, the output shaft of the power generation system is fixedly connected with a first transmission wheel, one end of the connecting shaft of the weeding assembly is provided with a second transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel is in transmission connection with the second transmission wheel through a transmission belt.

[0007] Further, the top of the weeding shell is provided with an arc-shaped baffle above the weeding assembly.

[0008] Further, the slide rod is provided with a first spring, one end of the first spring is connected to the outside of the hydraulic shell, and the other end of the first spring is connected to one side of the main blade.

[0009] Further, each hydraulic shell is provided with a plurality of centralizing sleeves, each soil loosening tooth is located inside the corresponding centralizing sleeve, each soil loosening tooth is in sliding connection with the inside of the centralizing sleeve, the outer circumference of each soil loosening tooth is uniformly provided with a plurality of limiting blocks in the horizontal direction, the outside of each centralizing sleeve is provided with a limiting box, a plurality of magnetic guide blocks are in sliding connection with the limiting box in the vertical direction, the bottom of each magnetic guide block is provided with a wedge-shaped stop block in contact with the corresponding limiting block, the top of the plurality of magnetic guide blocks is provided with an anti-winding blade for cutting the wound weeds, and the anti-winding blade is located outside the limiting box. A plurality of electromagnet plates are uniformly arranged between the two cutter holders in the circumferential direction, and each electromagnet plate is in magnetic connection with the plurality of magnetic guide blocks on the corresponding limiting box.

[0010] Further, each wedge-shaped stop block is fixedly connected to the inside of the limiting box through a second spring.

[0011] Further, each soil loosening tooth is composed of a soil breaking cone and a column body, one end of the column body is provided with a soil breaking cone for loosening soil, and a plurality of grooves are arranged on the outer circumference of the column body.

[0012] A use method of an automatic weeding device for solanaceous field, comprising the following steps: S1, during manual pushing of the rack, the weeding assembly is driven to rotate for weeding, the connecting shaft of the weeding assembly drives the rotating blocks and the cutter holders on both sides to rotate during rotation, and the plurality of cutting units on the cutter holders on both sides rotate for weeding; S2, during weeding, the resistance of the main blade increases during weeding, under the action of the first spring, the main blade drives the slide rod to slide in the U-shaped flow channel inside the hydraulic shell, the slide rod pushes the first piston inside the U-shaped flow channel, the first piston pushes the second piston to slide inside the U-shaped flow channel through the hydraulic oil inside the U-shaped flow channel, the second piston pushes the soil loosening tooth to pop out, the soil breaking cone at the front end of the soil loosening tooth loosens the soil, and the root system of the weeds brought out during the weeding process.

[0013] Further, the method for driving the weeding assembly to rotate for weeding in S1 is that the engine power assembly drives the first transmission wheel to rotate, the first transmission wheel drives the second transmission wheel to rotate through the transmission belt, the second transmission wheel drives the connecting shaft to rotate, and the connecting shaft drives the plurality of cutting units to weed.

[0014] Furthermore, S2 also includes preventing the loosening teeth from retracting during the loosening process. The method to prevent retraction is as follows: the electromagnet plate is energized and magnetically connected to the magnetic conductor block. The magnetic conductor block slides inside the limiting box. During the horizontal sliding extension of the loosening teeth, the limiting block on the loosening teeth abuts against the wedge-shaped stop. One side of the limiting block of the loosening teeth moves to abut against the vertical surface of the wedge-shaped stop, thus preventing the loosening teeth from retracting during the loosening process.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention adopts the method of increasing resistance when the main blade removes weeds. The main blade drives the slide rod to slide in the U-shaped flow channel inside the hydraulic housing. The slide rod pushes the first piston inside the U-shaped flow channel. The first piston pushes the second piston to slide inside the U-shaped flow channel through the hydraulic oil inside the U-shaped flow channel. The second piston pushes the loosening tooth out. The soil-breaking cone at the front end of the loosening tooth loosens the soil and can penetrate deep into the soil to bring out the roots of weeds. This solves the problem that traditional devices only remove stems and leaves and leave residual roots. The weed removal rate is significantly improved.

[0016] (2) When the loosening tooth extends, the vertical surface of the limiting block and the wedge-shaped stop block abuts to form a mechanical limit, which prevents the loosening tooth from retracting due to soil resistance during the loosening process, and ensures that the soil breaking cone continues to penetrate the soil. After weeding is completed, the electromagnet plate is de-energized, the magnetic wire block separates from the limiting block on the loosening tooth, and the loosening tooth is reset, which facilitates the transportation and storage of the automatic weeding device and avoids damage to the loosening tooth during transportation and storage.

[0017] (3) The present invention adopts the method of synchronously pushing the anti-entanglement blade during the reset process of the magnetic wire block, which can cut the weeds entangled on the weeding component in real time, avoid the problems of component jamming, power loss and frequent shutdown for cleaning caused by weed entanglement, reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance, and ensure the continuity of field operations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the weeding component.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the electromagnet plate, main blade, loosening teeth, and fixing plate.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the slide bar, the first piston, the U-shaped flow channel, the second piston, and the loosening teeth.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil loosening tooth.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Wheel; 3. Weeding assembly; 301. Rotating block; 302. Blade holder; 303. Connecting shaft; 304. Electromagnetic plate; 305. Main blade; 306. Loosening tooth; 3061. Soil-breaking cone; 3062. Column; 3063. Trench; 307. Fixing plate; 308. Anti-tangle blade; 309. Straightening sleeve; 310. First spring; 311. Hydraulic housing; 312. Limiting box; 313. First piston; 314. U-shaped flow channel; 315. Magnetic conductor block; 316. Limiting block; 317. Wedge-shaped stop; 318. Second spring; 319. Sliding rod; 320. Second piston; 4. Arc-shaped baffle; 5. Engine powertrain; 6. Weeding housing. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, an automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland in this embodiment is composed of a frame 1, wheels 2, weeding components 3, arc-shaped baffles 4, engine power assembly 5, and weeding housing 6.

[0027] The bottom of the frame 1 is equipped with wheels 2 for walking on both sides. The front of the frame 1 is equipped with a weeding shell 6. Inside the weeding shell 6 is a weeding component 3 for automatically weeding solanaceous fields. The top of the weeding shell 6 is equipped with an arc-shaped baffle 4 located above the weeding component 3.

[0028] The frame 1 is equipped with an engine power assembly 5 that drives the weeding component 3. The engine power assembly 5 is a Honda GX160. The engine power assembly 5 includes a power generation system, a fuel system, an ignition system, a lubrication system, a cooling system, etc. The output shaft of the power generation system is fixedly connected to the first transmission wheel. One end of the connecting shaft 303 of the weeding component 3 is equipped with a second transmission wheel. The first transmission wheel is connected to the second transmission wheel through a conveyor belt.

[0029] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, the weeding assembly 3 is composed of a rotating block 301, a blade holder 302, a connecting shaft 303, an electromagnet plate 304, a main blade 305, loosening teeth 306, a soil-breaking cone 3061, a column 3062, a trench 3063, a fixing plate 307, an anti-tangle blade 308, a straightening sleeve 309, a first spring 310, a hydraulic housing 311, a limiting box 312, a first piston 313, a U-shaped flow channel 314, a magnetic wire block 315, a limiting block 316, a wedge-shaped stop 317, a second spring 318, a sliding rod 319, and a second piston 320.

[0030] The weeding component 3 is as follows: a connecting shaft 303 is rotatably installed inside the weeding housing 6. Rotating blocks 301 that are rotatably connected to the weeding housing 6 are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting shaft 303. Cutter disc holders 302 that are fixedly connected to the rotating blocks 301 are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting shaft 303. Cutting units are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction between the two cutter disc holders 302.

[0031] Each cutting unit includes a main blade 305 for cutting weeds, a fixing plate 307, and soil loosening teeth 306 for loosening the soil. The main blade 305 and the fixing plate 307 are arranged circumferentially between two cutter head holders 302. The fixing plate 307 is provided with multiple hydraulic housings 311. Each hydraulic housing 311 has a U-shaped flow channel 314 filled with hydraulic oil inside. A first piston 313 is provided inside one side port of the U-shaped flow channel 314. The first piston 313 is connected to the main blade 305 through a slide rod 319. A first spring 310 is provided on the slide rod 319. One end of the first spring 310 is connected to the outside of the hydraulic housing 311, and the other end of the first spring 310 is connected to one side of the main blade 305. A second piston 320 is provided inside the other side port of the U-shaped flow channel 314. The second piston 320 is connected to the soil loosening teeth 306.

[0032] like Figures 4 to 5As shown, a plurality of straightening sleeves 309 are respectively provided on the hydraulic housing 311. Each loosening tooth 306 is located inside the corresponding straightening sleeve 309 and is slidably connected to the inside of the straightening sleeve 309. A plurality of limiting blocks 316 are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of each loosening tooth 306 in the horizontal direction. A limiting box 312 is provided on the outer side of each straightening sleeve 309. A plurality of magnetic wire blocks 315 are slidably connected on each limiting box 312 in the vertical direction. Each magnetic wire block 315 has a bottom setting. There is a wedge-shaped stop 317 that abuts against the corresponding limit block 316. Multiple magnetic wire blocks 315 are provided with anti-tangling blades 308 for cutting tangled weeds at their top ends. The anti-tangling blades 308 are located outside the limit box 312. The wedge-shaped stop 317 is fixedly connected to the inside of the limit box 312 by the second spring 318. Multiple electromagnet plates 304 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction between the two cutter disc holders 302. Each electromagnet plate 304 is magnetically connected to multiple magnetic wire blocks 315 on the corresponding limit box 312.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the loosening tooth 306 is composed of a soil-breaking cone 3061 and a column 3062 connected together. One end of the column 3062 is provided with a soil-breaking cone 3061 for loosening the soil, and multiple grooves 3063 are provided on the outer circumference of the column 3062.

[0034] The method of using an automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to this embodiment includes the following steps: S1, during the manual pushing of the frame 1, the weeding component 3 is driven to rotate to remove weeds. The connecting shaft 303 of the weeding component 3 drives the rotating blocks 301 and the cutter head frame 302 on both sides to rotate during the rotation. Multiple cutting units on the cutter head frames 302 on both sides rotate to remove weeds.

[0035] The method of driving the weeding component 3 to rotate for weeding is as follows: the engine powertrain 5 drives the first transmission wheel to rotate, the first transmission wheel drives the second transmission wheel to rotate through the conveyor belt, the second transmission wheel drives the connecting shaft 303 to rotate, and the connecting shaft 303 drives multiple cutting units to weed.

[0036] S2, during weeding, the resistance of the main blade 305 increases. Under the action of the first spring 310, the main blade 305 drives the slide rod 319 to slide in the U-shaped flow channel 314 inside the hydraulic housing 311. The slide rod 319 pushes the first piston 313 inside the U-shaped flow channel 314. The first piston 313 pushes the second piston 320 to slide inside the U-shaped flow channel 314 through the hydraulic oil inside the U-shaped flow channel 314. The second piston 320 pushes the loosening tooth 306 out. The soil-breaking cone 3061 at the front end of the loosening tooth 306 loosens the soil and removes the roots of the weeds, preventing the loosening tooth 306 from retracting during the loosening process.

[0037] To prevent the loosening teeth 306 from retracting during soil loosening, the following method is used: The electromagnet plate 304 is energized and magnetically connected to the magnetic conductor block 315. The magnetic conductor block 315 slides inside the limiting box 312. As the loosening teeth 306 slides and extends horizontally, the limiting block 316 on the loosening teeth 306 abuts against the wedge-shaped stop block 317. One side of the limiting block 316 on the loosening teeth 306 moves to abut against the vertical surface of the wedge-shaped stop block 317, preventing the loosening teeth 306 from retracting during soil loosening and improving the loosening effect. After weeding is completed, the electromagnet plate 304 is de-energized, the magnetic conductor block 315 resets, and the magnetic conductor block 315 separates from the limiting block 316 on the loosening teeth 306, thus resetting the loosening teeth 306. After the loosening teeth 306 resets, it facilitates the transportation and storage of the automatic weeding device, preventing damage during transportation and storage.

[0038] Meanwhile, during the reset process, the magnetic wire block 315 pushes multiple anti-tangling blades 308 to move, and the anti-tangling blades 308 can cut the tangled weeds.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland, characterized in that: The frame (1) has wheels (2) for walking on both sides of the bottom. The front end of the frame (1) has a weeding shell (6). Inside the weeding shell (6) is a weeding component (3) for automatically weeding solanaceous farmland. The weeding component (3) is as follows: a connecting shaft (303) is rotatably installed inside the weeding outer shell (6). Rotating blocks (301) that are rotatably connected to the weeding outer shell (6) are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting shaft (303). Cutting disc holders (302) that are fixedly connected to the rotating blocks (301) are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting shaft (303). Cutting units are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction between the two cutting disc holders (302). Each cutting unit includes a main blade (305) for cutting weeds, a fixing plate (307), and loosening teeth (306) for loosening the soil. The main blade (305) The fixing plate (307) is arranged circumferentially between the two cutter head holders (302). The fixing plate (307) is provided with multiple hydraulic housings (311). Each hydraulic housing (311) is provided with a U-shaped flow channel (314) filled with hydraulic oil. A first piston (313) is provided inside one side port of the U-shaped flow channel (314), and a second piston (320) is provided inside the other side port of the U-shaped flow channel (314). The first piston (313) is connected to the main blade (305) through a slide rod (319), and the second piston (320) is connected to the loosening tooth (306).

2. The automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with an engine power assembly (5) that drives the weeding component (3). The engine power assembly (5) includes a power generation system, a fuel system, an ignition system, a lubrication system, and a cooling system. The output shaft of the power generation system is fixedly connected to the first transmission wheel. One end of the connecting shaft (303) of the weeding component (3) is provided with a second transmission wheel. The first transmission wheel is connected to the second transmission wheel via a conveyor belt.

3. The automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the weeding shell (6) is provided with an arc-shaped baffle (4) located above the weeding component (3).

4. The automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide bar (319) is provided with a first spring (310), one end of the first spring (310) is connected to the outside of the hydraulic housing (311), and the other end of the first spring (310) is connected to one side of the main blade (305).

5. The automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each hydraulic housing (311) is provided with a plurality of straightening sleeves (309), each loosening tooth (306) is located inside the corresponding straightening sleeve (309), each loosening tooth (306) is slidably connected to the inside of the straightening sleeve (309), each loosening tooth (306) is uniformly provided with a plurality of limiting blocks (316) along the horizontal direction on the outer circumference of each loosening tooth (306), each straightening sleeve (309) is provided with a limiting box (312) on the outside, and each limiting box (312) is slidably connected with a plurality of magnetic wire blocks (315) along the vertical direction. Each magnetic wire block (315) has a wedge-shaped stop (317) at its bottom that abuts against the corresponding limit block (316). The top of the multiple magnetic wire blocks (315) is provided with an anti-tangling blade (308) for cutting tangled weeds. The anti-tangling blade (308) is located outside the limit box (312). Multiple electromagnet plates (304) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction between the two cutter disc holders (302). Each electromagnet plate (304) is magnetically connected to the multiple magnetic wire blocks (315) on the corresponding limit box (312).

6. The automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned wedge-shaped blocks (317) is fixedly connected to the inside of the limiting box (312) via a second spring (318).

7. The automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned loosening teeth (306) is composed of a soil-breaking cone (3061) and a column (3062) connected together. One end of the column (3062) is provided with a soil-breaking cone (3061) for loosening the soil, and multiple grooves (3063) are provided on the outer circumference of the column (3062).

8. A method of using an automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland, comprising using the automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, during the process of manually pushing the frame (1), the weeding component (3) is driven to rotate to remove weeds. The connecting shaft (303) of the weeding component (3) drives the rotating blocks (301) and the blade holder (302) on both sides to rotate during the rotation. Multiple cutting units on the blade holder (302) on both sides rotate to remove weeds. S2, During the weeding process, the resistance of the main blade (305) increases when weeding. Under the action of the first spring (310), the main blade (305) drives the slide rod (319) to slide in the U-shaped flow channel (314) inside the hydraulic housing (311). The slide rod (319) pushes the first piston (313) inside the U-shaped flow channel (314). The first piston (313) pushes the second piston (320) to slide inside the U-shaped flow channel (314) through the hydraulic oil inside the U-shaped flow channel (314). The second piston (320) pushes the loosening tooth (306) out. The soil-breaking cone (3061) at the front end of the loosening tooth (306) loosens the soil and is used to remove the roots of the weeds during the weeding process.

9. The method of using the automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method of driving the weeding component (3) to rotate in S1 to perform weeding is as follows: the engine power assembly (5) drives the first transmission wheel to rotate, the first transmission wheel drives the second transmission wheel to rotate through the conveyor belt, the second transmission wheel drives the connecting shaft (303) to rotate, and the connecting shaft (303) drives multiple cutting units to perform weeding.

10. The method of using the automatic weeding device for solanaceous farmland according to claim 8, characterized in that, The S2 also includes preventing the loosening tooth (306) from retracting during the loosening of the soil. The method to prevent retraction is as follows: the electromagnet plate (304) is energized and magnetically connected to the magnetic conductor block (315). The magnetic conductor block (315) slides inside the limiting box (312). During the process of the loosening tooth (306) sliding and extending in the horizontal direction, the limiting block (316) on the loosening tooth (306) abuts against the wedge-shaped stop (317). One side of the limiting block (316) of the loosening tooth (306) moves to abut against the vertical surface of the wedge-shaped stop (317), thus preventing the loosening tooth (306) from retracting during the loosening of the soil.

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