Movable water and fertilizer integrated equipment suitable for shajiang black soil

Abstract

The invention discloses movable water and fertilizer integrated equipment suitable for shajiang black soil, and belongs to the technical field of water and fertilizer integrated equipment. The master control module is used for controlling the opening sizes of multiple groups of electromagnetic valves; the distance sensor is used for monitoring the distance between the master control module and the water and fertilizer applying position and feeding back to the master control module to adjust the hydraulic pressure; the wind speed sensor is used for detecting wind speed around water and fertilizer spraying and transmitting wind speed information to the controller, the wind speed of the fan is controlled through the controller, the spray pipe assembly is used for water and fertilizer spray irrigation and comprises a ring pipe, the ring pipe is divided into a plurality of spaces, and each space is correspondingly connected with a spray head. The airflow speed of the air outlet meets the spraying requirement of the spraying range of 20.0 m, the airflow energy attenuation speed in the axial direction is slow and uniform, the fog drop deposition amount is in the decreasing trend along with the increase of the spraying distance, and the fog drop deposition amount is relatively uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated water and fertilizer equipment technology, specifically a mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil. Background Technology

[0002] The sandy black soil has a high clay content and is compacted, requiring equipment with strong penetration and deep loosening capabilities, such as a deep loosening component with a rotary tillage depth of ≥25cm. The soil has good water retention but is prone to waterlogging, requiring equipment integrating soil moisture sensors and intelligent drainage modules to dynamically adjust irrigation. The organic matter content is low (around 1%), necessitating equipment that supports the mixed application of organic and chemical fertilizers and is equipped with a precision fertilizer blending system.

[0003] Nursery planting (in sandy ginger black soil) is characterized by "dense planting and contiguous areas." Traditional wind-driven sprayers cannot simultaneously meet the dual requirements of "long airflow range and uniform droplet deposition," resulting in problems such as low fertilizer adhesion rate and droplet drift. Furthermore, when spraying water and fertilizer, it is mostly done by mobile fixed-area spraying. If the nursery planting area is too large, the efficiency of spraying while moving slowly is low. The selection and matching design of equipment should be based on the needs of nursery planting (such as precision irrigation, efficient nutrient utilization, and soil improvement). This application provides a mobile water and fertilizer integrated equipment suitable for sandy ginger black soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a mobile fertigation device suitable for sandy black soil. It can simultaneously control multiple nozzle assemblies for long-distance spraying. Through a special nozzle design, the airflow velocity at the outlet meets the spraying requirement of a 20.0 m range. The axial airflow energy decays slowly and uniformly, and the droplet deposition rate shows a decreasing-increasing-decreasing trend with increasing spraying distance. The droplet deposition is relatively uniform. In field trials, the droplet coverage rates on the upper and lower leaves of the canopy were 51.93% and 24.38%, respectively, while those on the lower leaves were 42.99% and 19.26%, respectively. The average droplet deposition rates on the upper and lower leaves of the canopy were 13.34 and 2.82 µL / cm², respectively, while those on the lower leaves were 5.44 and 2.63 µL / cm², respectively. This meets the requirements for plant protection spraying operations and also has the function of applying soil conditioners.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is a mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil. It includes a central control module for controlling the opening size of multiple sets of solenoid valves; a distance sensor for monitoring the distance between the central control module and the water and fertilizer application location, and feeding back to the central control module to adjust the hydraulic pressure; a device for detecting the wind speed around the water and fertilizer spraying area, and transmitting the wind speed information to a controller, which controls the fan speed; and a spray pipe assembly for water and fertilizer irrigation, comprising a ring pipe divided into multiple spaces, each space corresponding to a nozzle; a fan is installed at the top of each space in the ring pipe, with the fan outlet passing through the space of the ring pipe and extending to the bottom of the nozzle.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Compared with the prior art, this application has a special design for the nozzle. The airflow velocity of the three air outlets meets the spraying requirements of 20.0 m range. The airflow energy decay rate is slow and uniform in the axial direction. The amount of droplet deposition shows a trend of less-more-less as the spraying distance increases. The amount of droplet deposition is relatively uniform, with a coefficient of variation of 28.87%. In the field test, the droplet coverage of the upper leaves of the canopy was 51.93% and 24.38% on the front and back sides, respectively, and 42.99% and 19.26% on the lower side, respectively. The average droplet deposition of the upper leaves of the canopy was 13.34 and 2.82 µL / cm2 on the front and back sides, respectively, and 5.44 and 2.63 µL / cm2 on the lower side, respectively, which meets the needs of plant protection spraying operations.

[0007] (2) After adopting the mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment, the irrigation efficiency of this invention is increased by 40%, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased by 30%, and the seedling survival rate is increased from 85% to 95%. The soil improvement effect is significant, with the organic matter content increasing from 1.0% to 1.5% and the soil bulk density decreasing by 15%.

[0008] (3) This invention achieves remote control of multiple sets of nozzle components for spraying through modular control. At the same time, during the spraying process, there may be changes in wind speed. These changes are transmitted to the central control module through the data transmission module. The central control module can control the water inlet of the pulse pump to control the water pressure inside the collection bin, thereby controlling the water pressure of the nozzle. By changing the size of the water flow supplied by the pulse pump, the mixing bin and the pulse pipe can be flushed. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the connection between the micro pump, pulse tube, and mixing chamber of the present invention. Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Axis view; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the nozzle assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the mixing hopper of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filter screen of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a streamline diagram of the water-fertilizer velocity of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a pressure distribution diagram inside the nozzle of the present invention.

[0011] In the diagram: 100, mobile frame; 200, control compartment; 201, liquid fertilizer tank; 300, Water tank; 400, Flange pipe; 401, Solenoid valve; 402, Metering valve; 500. Storage bin; 502. Pulse tube; 510. Mixing bin; 512. Ring frame; 513. Corrugated cover; 516. Filter screen; 600. Nozzle assembly; 601. Vertical pipe; 602. Ring pipe; 603. Fan; 604. Nozzle head; 605. Wind speed sensor; 606. Module box; 700. Miniature pump. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0013] like Figures 1-9 As shown, a mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to the present invention includes: A central control module for controlling the opening size of multiple sets of solenoid valves 401; The distance sensor is used to monitor the distance between the central control module and the water and fertilizer application location, and feeds back to the central control module to adjust the hydraulic pressure. The opening degree of the solenoid valve 401 is controlled by the main control module, thereby controlling the flow rate of water and fertilizer. The distance sensor can feed back the distance between the water and fertilizer spraying position and the main control module to the main control module. The main control module controls the water pressure of the corresponding flange pipe 400 to ensure that the water pressure reaches the preset range during the spraying process, which helps to ensure that the water and fertilizer spraying reaches the preset range.

[0014] Used to detect the wind speed around the water and fertilizer spraying area and transmit the wind speed information to the controller, which then controls the wind speed of the fan 603. When delivering water and fertilizer over long distances, the water pressure may be affected by wind speed during spraying when it is adjusted to the maximum. By using a blower 603, the speed of water and fertilizer sprayed from the nozzle 604 can be further increased. When the speed of the blower 603 is greater than or equal to 2200 r / min, the airflow speed of the three air outlets meets the spraying requirements for a range of 20.0 m.

[0015] The nozzle assembly 600 is used for water and fertilizer sprinkler irrigation. The nozzle assembly 600 includes a ring pipe 602, which is divided into multiple spaces, and each space is connected to a nozzle 604. Each ring pipe 602 has a corresponding fan 603 installed at the top of its space. The air outlet of the fan 603 passes through the space of the ring pipe 602 and extends to the bottom of the nozzle 604.

[0016] The sprinkler assembly 600 enables water and fertilizer irrigation for black soil. The sprinkler assembly 600 is fixedly installed in a preset position and connects with the flange pipe 400 to supply water and fertilizer. The fan 603 and the nozzle 604 work together to increase the spraying distance. Water and fertilizer enter the space corresponding to the ring pipe 602 and are then sprayed out through the nozzle 604.

[0017] The distance sensor, controller, and data transmission module are installed inside module box 606.

[0018] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the controller is used to control the actual operating power of the fan 603; Distance sensor data and wind speed sensor 605 data are transmitted to the central control module through the data transmission module, forming a data closed loop.

[0019] During the water and fertilizer spraying process, the wind speed and distance are transmitted to the central control module in real time via the data transmission module. Based on the actual usage, the opening of the solenoid valve 401 can be dynamically adjusted in a timely manner. The data transmission module can transmit 50 meters to the central control module in just 0.4 seconds, and the entire adjustment process is fast and convenient.

[0020] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the nozzle 604 is provided with multiple outlets, and the nozzles of the nozzle 604 are arranged in a stepped shape. A vertical pipe 601 is provided at the bottom of the ring pipe 602. The vertical pipe 601 is fixedly inserted into the ground and connected to the flange pipe 400 through a water pipe.

[0021] The nozzle 604 has three outlets, from top to bottom: air outlet A, air outlet B, and air outlet C. As test results show, when the fan speed of 603 is greater than or equal to 2200 r / min, the airflow velocity at the three outlets meets the spraying requirements for a range of 20.0 m, and the axial airflow energy decay rate is slow and uniform. When the fan speed of 603 is 2400 r / min and the sprayer travel speed is 1.0 m / s, the droplet deposition shows a trend of less-more-less with increasing spraying distance, and the droplet deposition is relatively uniform with a coefficient of variation of 28.87%. In the field experiment, the droplet coverage of the upper leaves of the canopy was 51.93% and 24.38% on the front and back sides, respectively, and 42.99% and 19.26% on the lower leaves, respectively. The average droplet deposition of the upper leaves of the canopy was 13.34 and 2.82 µL / cm2 on the front and back sides, respectively, and 5.44 and 2.63 µL / cm2 on the lower leaves, respectively, which meets the requirements for plant protection spraying operations.

[0022] The water and fertilizer, which are mixed evenly in the flange pipe 400, enter the vertical pipe 601 through the water pipe, and then enter the ring pipe 602 through the vertical pipe 601. Each space in the ring pipe 602 corresponds to a nozzle 604, and the water and fertilizer are sprayed out through the nozzle 604.

[0023] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple sets of flange pipes 400, which are connected to the upper surface of the mobile frame 100 via brackets. One side of each set of flange pipes 400 is connected to the storage compartment 500 via a pipe.

[0024] Multiple flange pipes 400 can be connected to multiple nozzle assemblies 600 simultaneously to achieve simultaneous irrigation of black soil, thereby improving irrigation efficiency. The collection bin 500 can temporarily store the mixed water and fertilizer to achieve a continuous supply of water and fertilizer.

[0025] After adopting mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment, irrigation efficiency increased by 40%, fertilizer utilization rate increased by 30%, and seedling survival rate increased from 85% to 95%. Soil improvement was significant, with organic matter content increasing from 1.0% to 1.5% and soil bulk density decreasing by 15%.

[0026] Metering valves 402 are installed between the pipe and the flange pipe 400 for recording water and fertilizer flow.

[0027] The amount of water and fertilizer sprayed can be recorded by setting the metering valve 402.

[0028] Specifically, a mixing chamber 510 for mixing water and fertilizer is provided above the storage chamber 500, and the top of the mixing chamber 510 is connected to the water tank 300 through a pulse pipe 502. A pulse pump is installed on the top of the water tank 300.

[0029] During the spraying process, there may be changes in wind speed. These changes are transmitted to the central control module via the data transmission module. The central control module can control the water intake of the pulse pump to control the water pressure inside the collection bin 500, thereby controlling the water pressure of the nozzle 604. By changing the water flow of the pulse pump, the mixing bin 510 and the pulse pipe 502 are flushed.

[0030] refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The bottom of the control chamber 200 is equipped with a liquid fertilizer tank 201 for storing liquid concentrated fertilizer. A set of micro pumps 700 are fixedly connected to one side of the liquid fertilizer tank 201. The liquid concentrated fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer tank 201 is pumped into the pulse tube 502 by the micro pumps 700.

[0031] The mixing chamber 510 is magnetically equipped with a ring frame 512, and a corrugated cover 513 is provided on the lower surface of the ring frame 512, and a filter screen 516 is provided at the bottom of the corrugated cover 513.

[0032] Fertilizer is pumped into pulse tube 502 by micro pump 700, and water is pumped into pulse tube 502 by pulse pump for mixing. Micro pump 700 and pulse pump are controlled by a main control module, which can control the circuit on and off of the pump. After passing through pulse tube 502, the water and fertilizer enter the mixing chamber 510. The filter screen 516 installed in the mixing chamber 510 can filter sand and gravel in the water.

[0033] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The bottom of the corrugated cover 513 is fixedly connected to multiple sets of filter screens 516 for sand and gravel filtration, and the filter holes of the filter screens 516 decrease in size in sequence, and the middle of the filter screens 516 is higher than the edge position.

[0034] An inner protrusion plate 515 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mixing bin 510. The inner protrusion plate 515 is placed below the filter screen 516. A rocking spring 514 is provided between the bottom edge of the filter screen 516 and the inner protrusion plate 515.

[0035] During water impact, the filter screen 516 vibrates and the spring 514 is compressed. The pulse tube 502 intermittently impacts the water flow, causing the filter screen 516 to vibrate up and down, moving filtered solids to the edge. This vibration also prevents clogging. The multi-layered filter screen 516 achieves more thorough filtration of particles mixed in the water. With multiple filter screens 516, the filtration accuracy is ≥120 mesh. See Table 1 for relevant parameters.

[0036] Table 1. Relevant parameters of the fan and different nozzles

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil, characterized in that, include: A master control module for controlling the opening size of multiple sets of solenoid valves; A distance sensor is used to monitor the distance between the central control module and the water and fertilizer application location, and to feed back the distance to the central control module to adjust the hydraulic pressure. The wind speed sensor module is used to detect the wind speed around the water and fertilizer spraying area and transmit the wind speed information to the controller, which then controls the wind speed of the fan. A nozzle assembly for irrigation, comprising a ring tube divided into multiple spaces, each space being connected to a nozzle. Each ring tube has a corresponding fan installed at the top of its space. The fan outlet passes through the space of the ring tube and extends to the bottom of the nozzle.

2. The mobile fertigation equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is used to control the actual operating power of the wind turbine; Distance sensor data and wind speed sensor data are transmitted to the central control module through the data transmission module, forming a data closed loop.

3. A mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is provided with multiple outlets, and the nozzle orifices are arranged in a stepped shape. A vertical pipe is installed at the bottom of the ring pipe. The vertical pipe is fixedly inserted into the ground and connected to the flange pipe through a water pipe.

4. A mobile fertigation system suitable for sandy black soil as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The flange tubes are in multiple sets and are connected to the upper surface of the mobile frame via brackets. One side of each flange tube is connected to the storage compartment via a pipe.

5. A mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: Metering valves are installed between the pipes and the flanges to record the water and fertilizer flow rates.

6. A mobile fertigation system suitable for sandy black soil as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Above the storage compartment is a mixing compartment for mixing water and fertilizer, and the top of the mixing compartment is connected to the water tank via a pulse pipe; A pulse pump is installed on the top of the water tank.

7. A mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the control chamber is equipped with a liquid fertilizer tank for storing liquid concentrated fertilizer. A set of micro pumps is fixedly connected to one side of the liquid fertilizer tank, and the liquid concentrated fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer tank is pumped into the pulse tube by the micro pumps.

8. A mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing hopper is magnetically equipped with a ring frame, the lower surface of which is provided with a corrugated cover, and the bottom of the corrugated cover is provided with a filter screen.

9. A mobile integrated water and fertilizer equipment suitable for sandy black soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the corrugated cover is fixedly connected to multiple sets of filter screens for sand and gravel filtration, and the filter screens have progressively smaller pore sizes, with the middle of the filter screen being higher than the edge.

10. A mobile fertigation equipment suitable for sandy black soil as described in claim 8, characterized in that: An inner protrusion plate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the mixing hopper. The inner protrusion plate is placed below the filter screen, and a rocking spring is installed between the bottom edge of the filter screen and the inner protrusion plate.

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