Constant-temperature and constant-humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of agricultural product cultivation, and particularly discloses a constant-temperature and constant-humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products, which comprises a constant-temperature and constant-humidity unit and a cultivation environment conveying mechanism. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity unit comprises a main frame, an air treatment box with a reinforcing framework and an air supply system with a wind wheel driven by a circulating fan. The cultivation environment conveying mechanism is provided with an environment channel internally provided with a layered guide plate, and conveying track systems are arranged on the upper side and the lower side in the channel. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity unit with the multi-stage environment simulation capacity and the conveying mechanism are cooperatively controlled, temperature and humidity programs can be preset and automatically switched according to different growth stages of agricultural products, and matched dynamic airflow is formed in an environment channel. The agricultural products continuously go through a multi-stage cultivation environment in single equipment, manual transfer is not needed, the problems that in a traditional mode, energy consumption is high, the environment is uneven, control and conveying are disjointed and the like are solved, and the cultivation efficiency and the consistency of product quality are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural product cultivation, and particularly relates to a constant-temperature and constant-humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern agriculture, especially in the cultivation process of high-value agricultural products (such as rare edible fungi, high-grade sprouting vegetables, tissue culture seedlings, etc.), the temperature, humidity, airflow and light conditions of the growth environment have extremely strict requirements. Traditional cultivation methods mostly rely on greenhouses or culture rooms to meet the growth needs of crops through overall environmental regulation. However, such methods have obvious limitations: first, the entire space maintains a constant temperature and humidity environment, which consumes a large amount of energy and has high operating costs; second, for agricultural products with different growth stage requirements, it is impossible to realize continuous and automated stage switching in the same space, and usually requires manual transfer of products between different environment-conditioned rooms, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and can easily damage the products.

[0003] In the prior art, there are also some channel-type devices for product drying or processing, which usually use simple heating or blowing methods. However, these devices are generally single-function and cannot achieve precise constant-temperature and constant-humidity control, let alone have the ability to simulate multiple stages of environment according to the growth cycle of agricultural products. At the same time, the airflow organization inside such devices is often not uniform enough, which can easily lead to large differences in environmental conditions for agricultural products at different positions in the channel, affecting the consistency and quality of cultivation.

[0004] In addition, in order to realize continuous production, a conveying mechanism is introduced into the cultivation process. However, in the current system, the environmental control unit and the material conveying unit are usually operated and controlled independently, and there is a lack of coordination between the two. This leads to inaccurate processing time of agricultural products under specific environmental conditions, and cannot realize precise management of the cultivation cycle, which restricts the further improvement of production efficiency and product quality.

[0005] Therefore, a constant-temperature and constant-humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products is proposed. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a constant-temperature and constant-humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the application provides a constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products, comprising a constant temperature and humidity unit, wherein the constant temperature and humidity unit comprises a main frame, an air treatment box is arranged on the main frame, reinforcing frames are arranged on the outer surface of the air treatment box, equipment mounting racks are arranged between the two reinforcing frames, circulating fans are arranged on the equipment mounting racks, transmission shafts are connected to one end of the circulating fans through couplings, wind wheels for stirring airflow are arranged at one end of the transmission shafts, air supply pipelines are arranged on the air treatment box, and a cultivating environment conveying mechanism is arranged on the side of the main frame away from the air treatment box. The cultivating environment conveying mechanism comprises an environment channel, maintenance door frames are arranged on both sides of the environment channel, sealing doors are arranged at one end of the maintenance door frames through hinges, door locks are arranged at the end of the sealing doors away from the hinges, layered flow guide plates for horizontally separating airflow are arranged in the environment channel, conveying belt systems for carrying agricultural products and making them pass through at a uniform speed are arranged on both sides of the layered flow guide plates, and belt drive motors for driving the operation of the conveying belt systems are arranged on one side of the conveying belt systems.

[0008] Further, a unit support mechanism is arranged on the side of the environment channel away from the constant temperature and humidity unit, the support mechanism comprises support legs, height adjustment feet are arranged at the bottom end of the support legs, and auxiliary support frames are arranged on the side of the support legs away from the height adjustment feet.

[0009] Further, the side of the auxiliary support frame is welded on the support leg, the end of the auxiliary support frame away from the support leg is supported on the bottom of the environment channel, and the height adjustment feet are fixed on the support leg in a threaded rotation mode for leveling the entire unit.

[0010] Further, the air treatment box is fixed on the main frame, the inner surface of the reinforcing frame is wrapped on the outer surface of the air treatment box, and one end of the reinforcing frame is reinforced by being welded on the main frame.

[0011] Further, one end of the equipment mounting rack is fixed on the air treatment box between the two reinforcing frames by welding, the circulating fan is fixed on the equipment mounting rack by bolts, and the transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the circulating fan and the wind wheel at both ends thereof.

[0012] Further, one end of the air supply pipeline is butted on the air treatment box, the outlet end of the air supply pipeline extends into the environment channel, and the maintenance door frame is welded and fixed on the environment channel.

[0013] Further, one end of the door lock penetrates the sealing door and is locked on the access door frame, the outer surface of the layered deflector plate is fixed in the environmental channel, the rack of the conveying caterpillar system is fixed in the environmental channel, and the output end of the caterpillar drive motor is connected with the driving shaft of the conveying caterpillar system through a chain wheel or a gear.

[0014] Further, the working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit is multi-stage environment simulation, the air treatment box is integrated with a humidifying module, a dehumidifying module, a heating module and a refrigeration module, the constant temperature and humidity unit can preset and automatically switch at least two different temperature and humidity control programs through an internal or external controller to simulate the natural environment required by agricultural products in different growth stages, and when the conveying caterpillar system carrying the agricultural products runs to different sections of the environmental channel, the constant temperature and humidity unit can correspondingly execute different control programs, so that a continuous and staged cultivation environment for agricultural products is provided in a single device.

[0015] Further, the working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit includes dynamic air flow adjustment, the constant temperature and humidity unit can dynamically adjust the rotating speed and air supply of the circulating fan according to the preset program or the real-time monitored temperature and humidity data in the environmental channel, so that an air flow speed matched with the cultivation demand of the agricultural products is formed in the environmental channel, and the air flow speed range can be steplessly adjusted between 0.1 m / s and 1.5 m / s to realize different cultivation modes from static stable environment to forced ventilation.

[0016] Further, the working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit is cooperatively controlled with the cultivation environment conveying mechanism, the caterpillar drive motor is a speed-regulating motor, and the control system of the unit synchronously sets the operation parameters of the constant temperature and humidity unit and the operation speed of the conveying caterpillar system according to the selected agricultural product cultivation process, so that the residence time of the agricultural products in the environmental channel is accurately matched with the specific temperature and humidity environment treatment period provided by the unit, and the precise control of the agricultural product cultivation period is realized.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The machine set fundamentally solves the core problems of high energy consumption, inability to continuously cultivate in multiple stages, and disconnection between environment control and conveying process in the background art by integrating and cooperatively controlling the constant temperature and humidity machine set and the cultivation environment conveying mechanism. Specifically, the machine set integrates the constant temperature and humidity machine set with multi-stage environment simulation capability in a single environment channel, can preset and automatically switch different temperature and humidity programs according to the needs of different growth stages of agricultural products, thereby realizing that agricultural products can continuously experience multiple cultivation environments on a single conveying belt without manual transfer, not only significantly saving manpower, but also greatly reducing the huge energy consumption caused by maintaining a constant environment in a large space. At the same time, the dynamic air flow regulation function of the machine set can form a uniform air flow field in the channel that accurately matches the cultivation needs, effectively solving the problem of uneven internal environment of traditional equipment and ensuring the consistency of agricultural product cultivation quality. Most importantly, the control system synchronously sets and links the operation parameters of the constant temperature and humidity machine set and the operation speed of the conveying belt, so that the residence time of agricultural products in each specific temperature and humidity environment is accurately controlled, thereby realizing programmed and accurate management of the entire cultivation period, improving production efficiency and product quality, and providing reliable technical equipment for industrialized and standardized cultivation of agricultural products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the appearance structure of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the constant temperature and humidity machine set of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the cultivation environment conveying mechanism of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the support mechanism of the present application.

[0019] In the figure: 1, constant temperature and humidity machine set; 11, main frame; 12, air treatment box; 13, reinforcing framework; 14, equipment mounting rack; 15, circulating fan; 16, transmission shaft; 17, wind wheel; 18, air supply pipeline; 2, cultivation environment conveying mechanism; 21, environment channel; 22, access door frame; 23, sealing door; 24, door lock; 25, layered guide plate; 26, conveying belt system; 27, belt drive motor; 3, support mechanism; 31, support foot; 32, height adjustment foot; 33, auxiliary support rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 In the embodiments of the present application, a constant-temperature and constant-humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products comprises a constant-temperature and constant-humidity unit 1, wherein the constant-temperature and constant-humidity unit 1 comprises a main frame 11, and an air treatment box 12 is arranged on the main frame 11. Reinforced frames 13 are arranged on the outer surface of the air treatment box 12 to enhance the structural strength and prevent the deformation of the box. An equipment mounting rack 14 is arranged between the two reinforced frames 13, and a circulating fan 15 is arranged on the equipment mounting rack 14. A transmission shaft 16 is connected to one end of the circulating fan 15 through a shaft coupling, and a wind wheel 17 for stirring airflow is arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 16. A supply air duct 18 is arranged on the air treatment box 12, and a flow uniformizing plate or a flow guiding fin can be arranged inside the supply air duct 18 to ensure the uniform distribution of airflow. A cultivating environment conveying mechanism 2 is arranged on the side of the main frame 11 away from the air treatment box 12. The cultivating environment conveying mechanism 2 comprises an environment channel 21, and access door frames 22 are arranged on both sides of the environment channel 21. Sealing doors 23 are hingedly mounted at one end of the access door frames 22, and the sealing doors 23 are usually embedded with observation windows and sealing strips to facilitate the observation of the internal conditions and the guarantee of air tightness. Door locks 24 are arranged at the end of the sealing doors 23 away from the hinges. Layered flow guiding plates 25 for horizontally separating airflow are arranged in the environment channel 21, and the flow guiding plates 25 separate the channel into two or more independent temperature zones. In order to realize the independent environment control of different sections in the environment channel 21, the outlet end of the supply air duct 18 can be arranged as a multi-section independent air supply port distributed along the length direction of the channel, or controllable air valves and flow guiding structures are arranged inside the environment channel 21 to cooperate with the partition control of the circulating fan to reduce the airflow mixing between different temperature and humidity sections. Conveyor belt systems 26 for carrying agricultural products and making them pass at a uniform speed are arranged on both sides of the layered flow guiding plates 25. The conveyor belt systems 26 can adopt a mesh belt or chain plate structure and have good air permeability and carrying capacity. Conveyor belt drive motors 27 are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt systems 26 to drive the operation thereof.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5, the environmental channel 21 is provided with a unit support mechanism 3 away from one side of the constant temperature and humidity unit 1. The support mechanism 3 comprises a support foot 31, the bottom end of the support foot 31 is provided with a height adjusting foot 32, and the side away from the height adjusting foot 32 of the support foot 31 is provided with an auxiliary support frame 33. One side of the auxiliary support frame 33 is welded on the support foot 31, and one end of the auxiliary support frame 33 away from the support foot 31 is supported on the bottom of the environmental channel 21. The height adjusting foot 32 is fixed on the support foot 31 by screwing, and is used for leveling the whole unit.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , the air treatment box 12 is fixed on the main frame 11, the inner surface of the reinforcing framework 13 is wrapped on the outer surface of the air treatment box 12, and one end of the reinforcing framework 13 is welded on the main frame 11 for reinforcement. One end of the equipment mounting rack 14 is welded on the air treatment box 12 between the two reinforcing frameworks 13, the circulating fan 15 is fixed on the equipment mounting rack 14 by bolts, and the two ends of the transmission shaft 16 are connected with the output end of the circulating fan 15 and the wind wheel 17 respectively.

[0024] One end of the air supply pipeline 18 is connected to the air treatment box 12, and the outlet end of the air supply pipeline 18 extends into the environmental channel 21 and is connected with the static pressure box or air distributor in the environmental channel 21. The access door frame 22 is welded and fixed on the environmental channel 21. One end of the door lock 24 penetrates through the sealing door 23 and is locked on the access door frame 22, the outer surface of the layered flow guide plate 25 is fixed in the environmental channel 21, the rack of the conveying caterpillar system 26 is fixed in the environmental channel 21, and the output end of the caterpillar drive motor 27 is connected with the driving shaft of the conveying caterpillar system 26 through a chain wheel or a gear.

[0025] Each fixed profile is connected by welding or high-strength bolt to form an integral frame. The wall plate of the air treatment box 12 is usually made of double-layer color steel plate, and polyurethane foam or other thermal insulation materials are filled in the middle to form a thermal insulation sandwich panel to prevent cold bridge and condensation. The environmental channel 21 is similar to the air treatment box 12, and can be made of a thermal insulation sandwich panel to ensure the stability of the environment in the channel In the present embodiment, the working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit 1 is multi-stage environment simulation, and the air treatment box 12 is integrated with a humidifying module, a dehumidifying module, a heating module and a refrigeration module. These modules accurately act according to control instructions to adjust the air state. The constant temperature and humidity unit 1 can preset and automatically switch at least two different temperature and humidity control programs through the built-in or external controller to simulate the natural environment required by agricultural products in different growth stages such as germination, growth, ripening and dormancy. When the conveying belt system 26 carrying agricultural products runs to different sections of the environment channel 21, the constant temperature and humidity unit 1 can correspondingly execute different control programs, thereby providing a continuous and staged cultivation environment for agricultural products in a single device.

[0026] The working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit 1 includes dynamic air flow regulation. The constant temperature and humidity unit 1 can dynamically regulate the rotating speed and air supply of the circulating fan 15 according to the preset program or the real-time monitored temperature and humidity data in the environment channel 21, so as to form an air flow speed in the environment channel 21 that matches the cultivation needs of agricultural products. The air flow speed range can be steplessly adjusted between 0.1 m / s and 1.5 m / s to realize different cultivation modes from static stable environment to forced ventilation, which can not only avoid damage to seedlings caused by strong wind, but also ensure that adult plants obtain sufficient gas exchange.

[0027] The working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit 1 is cooperatively controlled with the cultivation environment conveying mechanism 2, and the belt drive motor 27 is a speed-regulating motor. The control system of the unit synchronously sets the operating parameters of the constant temperature and humidity unit and the operating speed of the conveying belt system 26 according to the selected agricultural product cultivation process, so that the residence time of agricultural products in the environment channel 21 is accurately matched with the specific temperature and humidity environment treatment period provided by the unit, and precise control of the cultivation period of agricultural products is realized. The core of the control system can include a PLC (programmable logic controller), a frequency converter (for regulating the rotating speed of the circulating fan 15 and the belt drive motor 27), a temperature and humidity sensor (distributed at key points in the environment channel 21) and a human-machine interface (HMI). The user selects a preset agricultural product cultivation process through the HMI, and the PLC synchronously controls the working state of each module of the constant temperature and humidity unit 1, the rotating speed of the circulating fan 15 and the operating speed of the belt drive motor 27 according to the process parameters, thereby realizing precise cooperative control.

[0028] The working principle of the present application is as follows: first, according to the cultivation process of the target agricultural product, such as seed germination, seedling growth and product after-ripening, the temperature, humidity, air flow speed and treatment time parameters required in each stage are preset in the control system.

[0029] After starting, the constant temperature and humidity unit 1 begins to work. The circulating fan 15 drives the air to circulate in the system. The air is sucked or introduced from the environment channel 21 into the air treatment box 12, where it is adjusted to the precise set state according to the instructions of the control program, and then treated by refrigeration, heating, humidification or dehumidification, etc. The clean air after treatment is sent into the environment channel 21 of the cultivation environment conveying mechanism 2 through the air supply pipeline 18.

[0030] In the environment channel 21, the layered guide plate 25 separates the space and cooperates with the carefully designed air duct to enable the upper and lower conveying belt systems 26 to form relatively independent and uniform temperature and humidity environments. At the same time, the belt drive motor 27 drives the conveying belt system 26 to run at a uniform speed, carrying agricultural products such as seeds or plants placed in the seedling tray to slowly pass through the environment channel 21.

[0031] When the agricultural products enter the first section of the environment channel with the conveying belt, the constant temperature and humidity unit executes the first stage of the control program, for example, high temperature and high humidity to promote germination. The control system ensures that the temperature, humidity and air flow rate of the air in this section are always maintained at the set value. As the conveying belt moves, the agricultural products are sent into the second section, and the unit automatically switches to the second stage of the control program, for example, appropriate cooling and ventilation to promote the healthy growth of seedlings. This continues, and the agricultural products sequentially experience multiple different, tailor-made growth environments during one pass through the environment channel, completing a complete or partial production cycle.

[0032] During the whole process, the control system monitors the actual working conditions in the environment channel in real time, and maintains the stability of the environment by dynamically adjusting the rotating speed of the circulating fan 15 to change the air volume and air speed, and the output of each temperature and humidity module. The speed of the conveying belt and the duration of each environment stage strictly correspond to each other, ensuring that each batch of agricultural products can obtain completely consistent treatment, and finally realizing the industrialization, precision and automation of agricultural product cultivation.

Claims

1. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products, comprising a constant temperature and humidity unit (1), characterized in that: The constant temperature and humidity unit (1) includes a main frame (11), an air handling box (12) is provided on the main frame (11), a reinforcing frame (13) is provided on the outer surface of the air handling box (12), an equipment mounting frame (14) is provided between the two reinforcing frames (13), a circulating fan (15) is provided on the equipment mounting frame (14), a drive shaft (16) is connected to one end of the circulating fan (15) through a coupling, a fan wheel (17) for stirring the airflow is provided at one end of the drive shaft (16), an air supply duct (18) is provided on the air handling box (12), and a cultivation environment conveying mechanism (2) is provided on the side of the main frame (11) away from the air handling box (12). The cultivation environment conveying mechanism (2) includes an environment channel (21), with maintenance door frames (22) on both sides of the environment channel (21). A sealing door (23) is installed at one end of the maintenance door frame (22) via a hinge. A door lock (24) is provided at the end of the sealing door (23) away from the hinge. A layered guide plate (25) for horizontally separating airflow is provided in the environment channel (21). A conveyor belt system (26) for carrying agricultural products and making them pass through at a uniform speed is provided on both the upper and lower sides of the layered guide plate (25). A track drive motor (27) for driving the conveyor belt system (26) is provided on one side of the conveyor belt system (26).

2. The constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: An organic support mechanism (3) is provided on the side of the environmental passage (21) away from the constant temperature and humidity unit (1). The support mechanism (3) includes a support bracket (31). A height-adjustable foot (32) is provided at the bottom of the support bracket (31). An auxiliary support bracket (33) is provided on the side of the support bracket (31) away from the height-adjustable foot (32).

3. The constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the auxiliary support bracket (33) is welded to the support leg (31), and the end of the auxiliary support bracket (33) away from the support leg (31) is supported at the bottom of the environmental passage (21). The height adjustment foot (32) is fixed to the support leg (31) by screw rotation and is used to level the entire unit.

4. The constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air handling unit (12) is fixed on the main frame (11), and the inner surface of the reinforcing frame (13) covers the outer surface of the air handling unit (12). One end of the reinforcing frame (13) is reinforced by welding to the main frame (11).

5. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the equipment mounting frame (14) is fixed to the air handling box (12) between two reinforcing frames (13) by welding. The circulating fan (15) is fixed to the equipment mounting frame (14) by bolts. The two ends of the drive shaft (16) are respectively connected to the output end of the circulating fan (15) and the impeller (17).

6. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the air supply duct (18) is connected to the air handling box (12), the outlet end of the air supply duct (18) extends into the environmental channel (21), and the maintenance door frame (22) is welded and fixed to the environmental channel (21).

7. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the door lock (24) passes through the sealing door (23) and is locked on the maintenance door frame (22). The outer surface of the layered guide plate (25) is fixed in the environmental channel (21). The frame of the conveyor track system (26) is fixed in the environmental channel (21). The output end of the track drive motor (27) is connected to the drive shaft of the conveyor track system (26) through a sprocket or gear.

8. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature and humidity unit (1) operates in a multi-stage environmental simulation mode. Its air handling box (12) integrates a humidification module, a dehumidification module, a heating module and a cooling module. The constant temperature and humidity unit (1) can preset and automatically switch at least two different temperature and humidity control programs through a built-in or external controller to simulate the natural environment required by agricultural products at different growth stages. When the conveyor belt system (26) carrying agricultural products runs to different sections of the environmental channel (21), the constant temperature and humidity unit (1) can execute different control programs accordingly, thereby providing a continuous and staged cultivation environment for agricultural products in a single device.

9. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The working mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit (1) includes dynamic airflow regulation. The constant temperature and humidity unit (1) can dynamically adjust the speed and air volume of the circulating fan (15) according to the preset program or the temperature and humidity data monitored in real time in the environmental channel (21), so as to form an airflow speed in the environmental channel (21) that matches the needs of agricultural product cultivation. The airflow speed range can be steplessly adjusted between 0.1m / s and 1.5m / s to realize different cultivation modes from static and stable environment to forced ventilation.

10. A constant temperature and humidity air conditioning unit for cultivating agricultural products according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The operation mode of the constant temperature and humidity unit (1) is coordinated with the cultivation environment conveying mechanism (2). The track drive motor (27) is a speed-regulating motor. The control system of the unit sets the operating parameters of the constant temperature and humidity unit and the operating speed of the conveying track system (26) according to the selected agricultural product cultivation process, so that the residence time of agricultural products in the environmental channel (21) is precisely matched with the specific temperature and humidity environment treatment cycle provided by the unit, thereby realizing precise control of the agricultural product cultivation cycle.

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