Method for planting dictyophora indusiata in middle-altitude bamboo forest

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for planting dictyophora indusiata in a middle-altitude bamboo forest, and relates to the technical field of dictyophora indusiata planting. The invention provides a method for planting dictyophora indusiata under a middle-altitude bamboo forest, which comprises the following steps: S1, soil preparation: 15 days before and after the mid-autumn festival, selecting the middle-altitude bamboo forest land, intermittently cutting bamboos in the bamboo forest land to form a planting land parcel, and deeply ploughing the planting land parcel; s2, before the strains are sown, bamboo sawdust and quick lime are mixed and fermented and then washed with clear water to be neutral, and a base material is obtained; the base materials are piled into soil ridges, holes are formed in the soil ridges, dictyophora indusiata strains are placed in the holes, and the holes are covered with bamboo powder and soil; s3, in November of the current year, covering the furrow surface with straw and a thin film in sequence, performing conventional management, uncovering the film at the beginning of May of the next year, and spraying a pest and disease prevention agent; from June to August of the next year, harvesting is conducted after the bamboo fungi and the fungus eggs are formed. By optimizing the dictyophora indusiata planting technology, the purposes of high yield and high quality are achieved. The dictyophora indusiata sown in autumn is high in adaptability, remarkable in economic benefit and beneficial to popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bamboo fungus cultivation technology, specifically to a method for cultivating long-skirted bamboo fungus under mid-altitude bamboo forests. Background Technology

[0002] Bamboo fungus, also known as bamboo fungus, bamboo shoot, or bamboo ginseng, is a well-known edible fungus belonging to the genus *Dictyophora* in the family Phallaceae. The fruiting body is medium to large, initially ovoid-spherical, later elongating to a bell-shaped cap, with a white, hollow, spongy stipe and elliptical spores. Bamboo fungus has a delicious flavor and is one of the most famous and prized edible fungi. It is believed to have significant effects on weight loss, cancer prevention, lowering blood pressure, and skin whitening. It is a traditional Chinese specialty.

[0003] Traditional bamboo fungus cultivation is mostly concentrated in low-altitude areas below 800 meters. The "Technical Regulations for the Cultivation and Drying of Long-Skirt Bamboo Fungus" issued by the Tongren Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs indicates that the cultivation altitude for bamboo fungus is 200-800 meters, and discloses cultivation methods for long-skirt bamboo fungus at low altitudes. The planting substrate typically uses bamboo shavings, miscellaneous wood shavings, and rice husks as the main materials, supplemented with rice bran, urea, etc., with the pH value controlled at 6.0-7.0 to promote mycelial growth. Traditional bamboo fungus cultivation is concentrated in low-altitude areas (<800 meters), lacking adaptation techniques for mid-altitude (900-1300 meters) climates (large temperature differences, fluctuating humidity). Furthermore, existing techniques are crude in their soil covering and water retention methods, resulting in low fruiting body formation rates; they rely heavily on chemical agents for pest and disease control; and current techniques largely depend on manual operation to regulate temperature and humidity, which is costly and labor-intensive, such as setting up shade nets and frequent watering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating *Dictyophora indicum* (long-skirted bamboo fungus) under mid-altitude bamboo forests. This cultivation method is applicable to mid-altitude areas with large temperature differences and humidity fluctuations. *Dictyophora indicum* exhibits strong adaptability, a high fruiting body formation rate, and is environmentally friendly, requiring minimal pesticide application, saving time and effort, and facilitating widespread adoption.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating *Dictyophora indicum* (long-skirted bamboo fungus) under mid-altitude bamboo forests, comprising the following steps: S1. Land preparation: 15 days before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival, select bamboo forests at medium altitude, thin out the bamboo in the bamboo forests to form planting plots, and then deep plow the land; S2. Before sowing the inoculum, mix bamboo shavings with quicklime and ferment them. Then rinse them with water until they are neutral to obtain the substrate. Pile the substrate on the planting plot and build it into a mound. Make a hole in the mound, put in the inoculum, and cover it with bamboo powder and soil. S3. In November of that year, the seedbed was covered with straw and then film in sequence for routine management. The film was removed in early May of the following year, and pesticides were sprayed to prevent diseases and pests. The bamboo fungus and mushroom eggs were harvested from June to August of the following year.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the planting method of this invention is applicable to mid-altitude areas with large temperature differences and large humidity fluctuations; the long-skirted bamboo fungus has strong adaptability, high fruiting body formation rate, and is green and environmentally friendly, requiring no excessive application of pesticides, saving time and effort, and is easy to promote.

[0007] This invention achieves high yield and high quality by optimizing the cultivation techniques of *Dictyophora indicum*. Autumn-sown *Dictyophora indicum* exhibits strong adaptability and significant economic benefits (approximately 35,000 yuan per mu).

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0009] Furthermore, the altitude of the mid-altitude bamboo forest mentioned in step S1 is 900m~1300m.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the planting plot in step S1 is 0.8m to 1.2m, and the width is 0.8m to 1.2m.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the mass ratio of bamboo shavings to quicklime is 4:1.

[0012] Furthermore, the mixed fermentation is specifically as follows: bamboo shavings and quicklime are mixed into a pile, with a height of 2.8m to 3.2m, a width of 3.8m to 4.2m, a moisture content of 60% to 70%, a fermentation time of 3 to 5 days, and a post-fermentation temperature of 20 to 25℃.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that it provides the nutrients needed for the growth and development of bamboo fungus mycelium.

[0014] Furthermore, the width of the soil mound mentioned in step S2 is 1m to 1.1m, and the height is 10cm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the diameter of the nest is 8-12 cm, the depth is 8-12 cm, and the nest spacing is 20-30 cm; the amount of long-skirted bamboo fungus is 1 / 4 of a fungus, and the diameter of the 1 / 4 fungus is 6-8 cm and the thickness is 3-5 cm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: it promotes uniform mycelial growth and facilitates manual harvesting.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the thickness ratio of the bamboo powder to the soil is 4:0.7~1, and the total thickness is 25cm~30cm.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the straw in step S3 is 1cm to 2cm, and the film is covered for 1 to 2 days after covering the straw.

[0019] Furthermore, the film is a PVC film.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: covering with straw to absorb water, and then covering with film in a timely manner to keep warm and moist.

[0021] Furthermore, during the routine management described in step S3, the moisture content of the base material is 70%~75%. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 The above describes the fresh long-skirted bamboo fungus grown in Example 1 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: S1. Land Preparation: 15 days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, select the Bamboo Forest of Wuzhishan Mountain in Muchuan County, Sichuan Province, at an altitude of 1100m as a mid-altitude bamboo forest site. Thin out the bamboo in the forest to form 1m*1m planting plots. Remove bamboo husks and weeds from the plots, dig out excess bamboo stalks, and deep plow the land. Use Insect-Specific Insecticide for Fungi, one box of Insect-Specific Insecticide is diluted with 400 catties of water and sprayed on an area of ​​about 2-3 mu (approximately 0.33-0.33 hectares), with the total amount of pesticide covering the entire planting area. Lightly spread quicklime, using 5 catties of quicklime per mu (approximately 2.5 kg / mu), with the amount of quicklime covering the entire planting area. S2. Before sowing the spawn, mix bamboo shavings and quicklime and pile them up for fermentation. The pile should be about 3m high and 4m wide. Add water to 65% of the mixture, meaning that when you squeeze the mixture, water will drip out but not flow out. After fermentation for 4 days, rinse repeatedly with clean water until the pH is neutral at 7.0 to obtain the substrate. Pile the substrate into 1m wide and 10cm high ridges on the planting plot. Make holes in each ridge of substrate, with a spacing of 25cm (about 4 holes per row). Place a fist-sized, 8cm diameter, and 4cm thick piece of long-skirted bamboo fungus spawn (1 / 4 of the size of a fist) into the soil. Cover with a total thickness of 27cm of bamboo powder and soil, with a thickness ratio of 4:0.8. S3. In November of the same year, cover the raised beds with a 1.5cm thick layer of straw. After the straw absorbs water and softens for two days, promptly cover it with a thin film to retain warmth and moisture. Regularly check the mycelial growth and control the humidity at 73%. In early May of the following year, remove the film and use a fungal-specific insecticide, mixing one box of insecticide with 400 catties of water to spray an area of ​​about 2-3 mu (approximately 0.33-0.67 hectares), with the total application covering the entire planting area. Harvest from June to August of the following year after the bamboo fungus and its eggs have formed. Figure 1 As shown.

[0025] After the bamboo fungus grown in mid-altitude areas has stabilized and begun to fruit, it should be harvested when the veil begins to open. During harvesting, care should be taken to avoid getting mature spores on the veil and stem. After harvesting, the cap and volva should be removed promptly. Areas contaminated with spores or soil should be wiped clean with damp paper, taking care to protect the integrity of the veil and stem.

[0026] Example 2: S1. Land Preparation: Two days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, select a mid-altitude bamboo forest at 900m. Thin out the bamboo in the forest to form 1m*1m planting plots. Remove bamboo husks and weeds from the plots, dig out excess bamboo sheaths, and deep plow the soil. Use Insect-Specific Insecticide for Fungi, one box of Insect-Specific Insecticide is diluted with 400 catties of water and sprayed on an area of ​​about 2-3 mu (approximately 0.33-0.33 hectares), with the total amount of pesticide covering the entire planting area. Lightly spread quicklime, using 5 catties of quicklime per mu (approximately 2.5 kg per hectare), with the amount of quicklime covering the entire planting area. S2. Mix bamboo shavings with quicklime and pile them up for fermentation. The pile should be about 3m high and 4m wide. Add water to 60% of the mixture, meaning that when you squeeze the mixture, water will drip out but not flow out. After fermentation for 3 days, rinse repeatedly with clean water until the pH is neutral at 7.0 to obtain the base material. Pile the base material on the planting plot into 1.1m wide and 10cm high ridges. Make a hole in each ridge of base material with a spacing of 20cm. Place a 1 / 4 piece of long-skirted bamboo fungus, about the size of a fist, 8cm in diameter, and 4cm thick. Cover with a total thickness of 25cm of bamboo powder and soil, with a thickness ratio of 4:0.7. S3. In November of the same year, cover the raised beds with a 1cm thick layer of straw. After the straw absorbs water and softens for 3 days, cover it with a thin film to retain warmth and moisture. Regularly check the mycelial growth and control the humidity at 70%. In early May of the following year, remove the film and use the insecticide "Chongzhidao" specifically for fungi. Dilute one box of "Chongzhidao" with 400 catties of water and spray it over an area of ​​about 2-3 mu (approximately 0.33-0.33 hectares), with the total amount of pesticide covering the entire planting area. Harvest the bamboo fungus and its eggs from June to August of the following year.

[0027] After the bamboo fungus grown in mid-altitude areas has stabilized and begun to fruit, it should be harvested when the veil begins to open. During harvesting, care should be taken to avoid getting mature spores on the veil and stem. After harvesting, the cap and volva should be removed promptly. Areas contaminated with spores or soil should be wiped clean with damp paper, taking care to protect the integrity of the veil and stem.

[0028] Example 3: S1. Land Preparation: 15 days after the Mid-Autumn Festival, select a mid-altitude bamboo forest at 1300m. Thin out the bamboo in the forest to form 1m*1m planting plots. Remove bamboo husks and weeds from the plots, dig out excess bamboo sheaths, and deep plow the soil. Use Insect-Specific Fungal Insecticide, one box of Insect-Specific Insecticide is diluted with 400 catties of water and sprayed on an area of ​​about 2-3 mu, covering the entire planting area. Apply quicklime thinly, using 5 catties of quicklime per mu, covering the entire planting area. S2. Mix bamboo shavings with quicklime and pile them up for fermentation. The pile should be about 3m high and 4m wide. Add water to 70% of the mixture, meaning that when you squeeze the mixture, water will drip out but not flow out. After fermentation for 5 days, rinse repeatedly with clean water until the pH is neutral at 7.0 to obtain the base material. Pile the base material on the planting plot into 1.1m wide and 10cm high ridges. Make a hole in each ridge of base material, 30cm apart. Place a 1 / 4 piece of long-skirted bamboo fungus, about the size of a fist, 8cm in diameter, and 4cm thick. Cover with a total thickness of 30cm of bamboo powder and soil, with a thickness ratio of 4:1. S3. In November of the same year, cover the raised beds with a 2cm thick layer of straw. After the straw absorbs water and softens for 3 days, cover it with a thin film to retain warmth and moisture. Regularly check the mycelial growth and control the humidity at 75%. In early May of the following year, remove the film and use the insecticide "Chongzhidao" specifically for fungi. Dilute one box of "Chongzhidao" with 400 catties of water and spray it over an area of ​​about 2-3 mu (approximately 0.33-0.33 hectares), with the total amount of pesticide covering the entire planting area. Harvest the bamboo fungus and its eggs from June to August of the following year.

[0029] After the bamboo fungus grown in mid-altitude areas has stabilized and begun to fruit, it should be harvested when the veil begins to open. During harvesting, care should be taken to avoid getting mature spores on the veil and stem. After harvesting, the cap and volva should be removed promptly. Areas contaminated with spores or soil should be wiped clean with damp paper, taking care to protect the integrity of the veil and stem.

[0030] Comparative Example 1: The only difference between this comparative example and the embodiment is that no straw covering or mulching treatment was performed in S3; all other steps and conditions are the same as in embodiment 1.

[0031] Comparative Example 2: The only difference between this comparative example and the embodiment is that the base material in S2 is replaced with sand and loam in a mass ratio of 3:1. All other steps and conditions are the same as in embodiment 1.

[0032] Experimental example: (1) Three groups of samples were randomly selected from each of the *Dictyophora indica* cultivated in Examples 1-3 for scoring. The sampling criteria were: sampling area 0.5m². 2 The moisture content, mycelial growth, and health status of the substrate were tested. The evaluation criteria are shown in Table 1, and the results are shown in Table 2. A comprehensive score of 10 is excellent, 8-9 is good, 7-6 is average, and 5 or below is poor. Table 1 Scoring Criteria Table 2 Scores (2) Determination of biological phenotypic indicators of long-skirted bamboo fungus Ten long-skirted bamboo fungus were randomly selected from each of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 and placed on the test bench. Their length, width, and skirt length were measured using a ruler, and their thickness was measured using a vernier caliper. The length was defined as the distance from the base to the top of the bamboo fungus stipe, the width as the maximum diameter of the skirt, the skirt length as the maximum length of the skirt, and the thickness as the maximum thickness of the skirt. The length, width, and skirt length were measured to an accuracy of 0.1 cm, and the skirt length was measured to an accuracy of 0.01 cm. The measurements were repeated three times, and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Table 2 shows that the substrate of Comparative Example 2, which was a mixture of sand and loam in a 3:1 mass ratio, produced the smallest individual bamboo fungus, which is related to the type and nutrients of the substrate. Although the substrates of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were the same, Comparative Example 1 did not undergo mulching treatment, which not only made it difficult to maintain soil moisture but also promoted weed growth, which was not conducive to the growth of bamboo fungus. Therefore, its overall performance was slightly worse than that of the bamboo fungus in Examples 1-3.

[0033] (3) Quantity and quality Investigation steps: At 7:00 AM in August 2025, when bamboo fungus was harvested, 1m*1m plots were randomly selected from the planting sites of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 as quadrats for fresh weight measurement. The plots were then placed in a Sichuan Hongke morel mushroom dryer (KZH-6H100-8000) at 65℃ for 2 hours, and then the temperature was lowered to 50℃ for 6 hours. The dry weight was then measured.

[0034] Yield per mu (kg / mu) = Average fresh weight of bamboo fungus in the sample plot × 666.67 The results are shown in Table 3: Table 3 From Table 3, we can obtain: It is known that in Example 1, the dry weight of bamboo fungus produced per square meter was 140.26g, which is equivalent to 187.10 jin / mu (approximately 98.5 catties / acre), and the calculated dry yield is 15.2%. This invention achieves high yield and high quality by optimizing the cultivation technology of *Dictyophora indicum*. Autumn-sown *Dictyophora indicum* exhibits strong adaptability, yielding a dry weight of 187.10 jin / mu, resulting in significant economic benefits (approximately 35,000 yuan / mu). Therefore, this invention provides a reliable solution for the three-dimensional composite cultivation of *Dictyophora indicum* under mid-altitude bamboo forests and has promotional value.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting D. candidum under bamboo at medium altitude, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, land preparation: 15 days before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival, select a medium-altitude bamboo forest land, thin the bamboos in the bamboo forest land to form a planting plot, and carry out deep ploughing; S2, before sowing the fungus, mix bamboo chips with quicklime, ferment, then rinse with water to neutralize to obtain a base material; pile the base material on the planting plot to form a soil ridge, make a nest on the soil ridge, put in a long skirt dendrocalamopsis fungus, and cover with bamboo powder and soil; S3, in November of the same year, cover the rice straw and film on the plot in turn, carry out routine management, uncover the film in early May of the next year, and spray disease and pest prevention agents; from June to August of the next year, harvest the dendrocalamopsis and fungus eggs after they are formed.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The medium-altitude bamboo forest land in step S1 has an altitude of 900 m to 1300 m.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The planting plot in step S1 has a length of 0.8 m to 1.2 m and a width of 0.8 m to 1.2 m.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of the bamboo chips to the quicklime in step S2 is 4:

1.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The mixed fermentation is as follows: mix the bamboo chips with the quicklime into a pile, the pile has a height of 2.8 m to 3.2 m, a width of 3.8 m to 4.2 m, and a water content of 60% to 70%, the fermentation time is 3 to 5 days, and the fermentation temperature is 20 to 25℃.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The soil ridge in step S2 has a width of 1 m to 1.1 m and a height of 10 cm.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The nest in step S2 has a diameter of 8 to 12 cm, a depth of 8 to 12 cm, and a nest distance of 20 cm to 30 cm; the long skirt dendrocalamopsis fungus is put in an amount of 1 / 4 of the fungus, the 1 / 4 of the fungus has a diameter of 6 to 10 cm and a thickness of 3 to 5 cm.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the bamboo powder to the soil in step S2 is 4:0.7 to 1, and the total thickness is 25 to 30 cm.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method is for cultivating a medium-elevation rhizoma typhonii under bamboo forest. The thickness of the rice straw in step S3 is 1 cm to 2 cm, and the film is covered 1 to 2 days after the rice straw is covered.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method is for cultivating a medium-elevation rhizoma typhonii under bamboo forest. When routine management is carried out in step S3, the humidity of the base material is 70% to 75%.

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