Method for improving crop yield and quality through micro-nano oxygenation technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, solves the problems of root zone soil gas exchange blocking, root system oxygen deficit, soil structure damage and low water, fertilizer and resource utilization efficiency caused by a traditional irrigation mode, and provides a method for improving the crop yield and quality through a micro-nano oxygenation technology. The gas mixing unit is used for dissolving gas into the activated water in the form of micro-nano bubbles to form micro-nano bubble water; the root system three-dimensional air distribution network is provided with aeration points at different soil depths, and the canopy leaf surface precise spraying system is used for conveying micro-nano bubble water containing COs and a nutrient solution to crop leaf surfaces; the control unit is used for accurately controlling the gas introduction amount, the bubble generation rate and the fluid pressure and flow speed in the pipeline. The fertilizer can promote root system health, promote root system health and vitality, improve photosynthesis efficiency, improve antioxidant metabolism and reduce anaerobic harmful substances.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural irrigation technology, in particular to a method for improving crop yield and quality by using micro-nano oxygenation technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional irrigation and modern water-saving irrigation technology mainly solve the problem of water supply, but often ignore the oxygen required by root respiration. The demand for oxygen by crop root respiration is often limited due to soil compaction, irrigation water oxygen deficiency or oxygen deficiency in the root distribution layer, resulting in poor root development, reduced nutrient absorption efficiency and weakened stress resistance, ultimately affecting yield and quality.

[0003] Traditional irrigation, especially flooding irrigation, can expel a large amount of air in the soil pores, causing the interstitial space between soil particles to be filled with water, forming a physical barrier. The presence of water greatly hinders the gas exchange between the soil atmosphere and the surface air, and the oxygen consumed by root respiration cannot be replenished in time. Surface irrigation methods such as flooding irrigation have very uneven water distribution, with huge evaporation and deep seepage losses, and the water use efficiency is usually very low. Fertilizers (especially nitrogen fertilizers) applied with irrigation water will be leached below the crop root layer due to water infiltration. The impact of large water flooding can damage the soil aggregate structure, and after the water evaporates, a hard and compacted layer can form on the soil surface, which not only affects the gas exchange of the next time, but also hinders seed germination and seedling growth. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a method for improving crop yield and quality by using micro-nano oxygenation technology to solve the problem of blocked root zone soil gas exchange caused by traditional irrigation methods, leading to root oxygen deficiency, soil structure damage, and low water, fertilizer, and resource utilization efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present application is: a method for improving crop yield and quality by using micro-nano oxygenation technology, including a water treatment unit, which magnetically treats irrigation water, the water treatment unit breaks the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, generating low surface tension, high permeability, and small molecule group activated water, providing a basis for efficient gas dissolution; A gas mixing unit, including a micro-nano bubble generator, an oxygen generator, an ozone generator, and a carbon dioxide gas source, the gas mixing unit efficiently dissolves one or more gases in the form of micro-nano bubbles into activated water at a predetermined ratio, forming micro-nano bubble water with specific functions; The irrigation execution unit comprises a root system three-dimensional gas distribution network and a canopy leaf surface precision spraying system, the root system three-dimensional gas distribution network adopts a three-stage submerged diffuser, according to the root system configuration characteristics and the oxygen demand law, the aeration points are arranged at different soil depths to realize the three-dimensional oxygen increase of the full section of the root zone soil, and the canopy leaf surface precision spraying system adopts a low-pressure micro-spraying device to deliver micro-nano bubble water containing CO2 and nutrient solution to the crop leaf surface to realize the simultaneous gas and fertilizer supplement and leaf surface oxygen increase. The control unit comprises a pipeline water pump, a control valve and a pressure detector, is used for accurately controlling the gas input amount, the bubble generation rate and the fluid pressure and flow rate in the pipeline to avoid the generation of turbulent flow and vortex flow, and is electrically connected with the water treatment unit, the gas mixing unit and the irrigation execution unit to control the operation parameters of the units.

[0006] Further, the gas mixing unit further comprises a medicament adding device for adding a surfactant or adjusting the PH value to enhance the stability of the micro-nano bubbles.

[0007] Further, the aeration points in the three-stage gas distribution network are respectively arranged at shallow, middle and deep layers to correspond to different growth regions of the crop root system.

[0008] Further, the control unit further comprises a flow sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor, which are used for monitoring the flow rate and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the micro-nano bubble water in real time and dynamically adjusting the gas input amount and the fluid pressure according to the monitoring data.

[0009] Further, the method further comprises a soil humidity monitoring step of detecting the root zone soil humidity through a soil humidity sensor and automatically adjusting the irrigation frequency and the water amount according to the soil humidity in linkage with the control unit.

[0010] The advantages of the present application are as follows: 1. Promoting root system health and vitality Root system health is the basis of high-quality and high-yield crops. Sufficient oxygen can promote root growth and development, form a larger and healthier root system, and thus enhance the absorption capacity of water and nutrients. This provides a basis for the accumulation of more dry matter and nutrients in fruits.

[0011] 2. Promoting root system health and vitality Many beneficial microorganisms in the soil (such as microorganisms that decompose organic matter and transform nutrients) need oxygen. Oxygenation irrigation improves their living environment, accelerates the mineralization and circulation of soil nutrients, and makes more nutrients available for plant absorption and utilization.

[0012] 3. Improving photosynthesis efficiency Healthy root system can support the leaves above to carry out more efficient photosynthesis, producing more carbohydrates (such as sugars, starches). These photosynthetic products are transported to the fruit, directly improving the sweetness, weight and dry matter content of the fruit.

[0013] 4. Improve antioxidant metabolism Many crop quality indicators (such as Vc, lycopene) are plant secondary metabolites. Adequate oxygen helps to improve the activity of related enzymes, promote the synthesis and accumulation of these antioxidants and beneficial ingredients.

[0014] 5. Reduce anaerobic harmful substances When the soil is oxygen-deficient, hydrogen sulfide, methane and other harmful substances will be produced, which are toxic to the roots. Oxygenation irrigation can effectively inhibit the production of these harmful substances, creating a cleaner growing environment for the roots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the system structure principle of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 is the statistical table of the effect results of the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0018] In combination with the drawings Figure 1 , Figure 2 A method for improving crop yield and quality by using micro-nano oxygenation technology, system construction Water treatment unit: using local groundwater as irrigation water source, at the head of irrigation, install a permanent magnet magnetizer, pretreat the irrigation water, after the water flows through the magnetizer, the water molecular cluster is cracked, forming small molecule group activated water with lower surface tension.

[0019] Gas mixing unit: Micro-nano bubble generator: use a spiral gas-liquid mixing pump, the air inlet is connected with the gas source through pipeline.

[0020] Gas source configuration: equipped with a small PSA (pressure swing adsorption) oxygen generator, providing more than 90% concentration of oxygen, and a liquid CO2 cylinder for providing carbon dioxide; another small ozone generator is equipped for sterilization and disinfection at specific periods, and each gas source pipeline is equipped with a high-precision gas mass flow controller.

[0021] Medicament adding device: set a medicament tank, which can add food-grade non-ionic surfactant (such as alkyl polyglycoside) according to the need, the adding concentration is controlled at 0.01%~0.05%, in order to enhance the stability of micro-nano bubbles under specific water quality.

[0022] Irrigation execution unit: Root three-dimensional aeration network: Under the planting ridge, along the direction of the drip irrigation tape, three levels of submerged micro-porous aeration hoses are arranged in parallel as diffusers; Shallow aeration: Buried 10-15 cm deep, mainly serving the fibrous roots and surface absorbing roots of crops; Middle aeration: Buried 20-25 cm deep, serving the main lateral root distribution layer of crops.

[0023] Deep aeration: Buried 35-40 cm deep, used to break the plough pan, promote root penetration, and prevent deep soil anaerobiosis.

[0024] Crown foliage precision spraying system: A low-pressure micro-sprinkler tape is installed above the crop canopy, with a nozzle spacing matching the plant spacing to ensure uniform atomization without runoff.

[0025] Control unit: The core controller uses a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller); Sensor network: Soil humidity sensors (TDR or FDR type) and dissolved oxygen sensors are arranged in the soil at the middle root zone; flow sensors and online dissolved oxygen meters are installed in the pipeline.

[0026] Actuator: Controls the irrigation pump, electromagnetic valves of each gas pipeline, mass flow controller, and zoned irrigation electromagnetic valve.

[0027] The system communicates with the cloud server through 4G / 5G or Ethernet, and users can remotely monitor and set through mobile phone APP or computer terminal.

[0028] Operation process and method Step one: Irrigation water pretreatment and activation, turn on the irrigation water pump, and the water flows through the magnetizer to generate small molecular group activated water; Step two: Customized preparation of micro-nano bubble water Root irrigation water: In the control unit setting, oxygen is introduced into the micro-nano bubble generator, the target is to stabilize the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of irrigation water at 15-25 mg / L in a supersaturated state, and a small amount of ozone (concentration controlled at 0.1-0.3 mg / L) can be intermittently introduced during the transplanting and seedling period and the fruit enlargement period, for 10-15 minutes, to disinfect the root zone soil.

[0029] Foliar spraying water: Control unit instruction to open CO2 gas path, dissolve CO2 in the form of micro-nano bubbles into water, prepare micro-nano bubble water with a dissolved CO2 concentration of 20-40 mg / L, and can also add water-soluble potassium fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, and trace elements.

[0030] Step three: Precise execution of irrigation and oxygenation Root oxygenation irrigation: the control unit receives the soil humidity sensor signal, when the humidity is lower than the set threshold (for example, 70% of field capacity), automatically open the corresponding irrigation area valve and root oxygenation mode, oxygen-rich micro-nano bubble water is delivered to the root zone through the drip irrigation system and three-level gas distribution network, the irrigation duration is based on the wetting peak reaching the deep gas distribution layer, the control unit adjusts the water pump frequency and valve opening to ensure the fluid in the pipeline is in laminar flow state, avoiding the generation and merging of large bubbles caused by turbulent flow.

[0031] Canopy gas fertilizer supplement: in the morning of sunny days, when the ambient CO2 concentration is lower than 450 ppm, the control unit automatically starts the canopy spraying system for a short 2-3 minute leaf spraying, micro-nano bubble water forms a water film on the leaf surface and breaks, releasing CO2, directly providing raw materials for leaf photosynthesis, at the same time, the evaporation of micro-nano water droplets also helps to reduce the canopy temperature.

[0032] Step four: real-time monitoring and dynamic optimization The system monitors the dissolved oxygen content and flow rate in the pipeline in real time and compares it with the set value, dynamically adjusts the oxygen input and pump pressure through the PID algorithm to ensure the stability of the quality of micro-nano bubble water. Soil dissolved oxygen sensor data is used for long-term evaluation of oxygenation effect and optimization of aeration strategy.

[0033] The above describes the present application and its embodiments, which is not restrictive, and the drawings shown are only one of the embodiments of the present application, the actual structure is not limited to this. In general, if a person skilled in the art is inspired, without departing from the purpose of the present application, without creative design, similar structure and embodiments of the technical solution, which should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for improving crop yield and quality using micro-nano oxygenation technology, characterized in that: include: The water treatment unit magnetizes irrigation water, breaking the hydrogen bonds between water molecules to generate activated water with low surface tension and high permeability, providing a basis for efficient dissolved air. The gas mixing unit includes a micro-nano bubble generator, a pure oxygen generator, an ozone generator, and a carbon dioxide gas source. The gas mixing unit efficiently dissolves one or more gases in the activated water in the form of micro-nano bubbles according to a preset ratio, forming micro-nano bubble water with specific functions. The irrigation execution unit includes a three-dimensional root aeration network and a canopy foliar precision spraying system. The three-dimensional root aeration network uses a three-stage submersible diffuser and sets aeration points at different soil depths according to the crop root system configuration and oxygen demand to achieve three-dimensional oxygenation of the entire soil cross section in the root zone. The canopy foliar precision spraying system uses a low-pressure micro-spraying device to deliver micro-nano bubble water containing CO2 and nutrient solution to the crop leaves to simultaneously achieve gas and fertilizer supplementation and leaf oxygenation. The control unit, including the pipeline pump, control valve, and pressure detector, is used to precisely control the gas flow rate, bubble generation rate, and fluid pressure and velocity in the pipeline to avoid the generation of turbulence and eddies. The control unit is electrically connected to the water treatment unit, gas mixing unit, and irrigation execution unit to control the operating parameters of each unit.

2. The method for improving crop yield and quality using micro-nano oxygenation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas mixing unit also includes a reagent addition device for adding surfactants or adjusting the pH value to enhance the stability of micro-nano bubbles.

3. The method for improving crop yield and quality using micro-nano oxygenation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration points in the three-level aeration network are at shallow, medium, and deep depths, corresponding to different growth zones of the crop roots.

4. The method for improving crop yield and quality using micro-nano oxygenation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit also includes a flow sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor to monitor the flow rate and dissolved oxygen concentration of the micro-nano bubble water in real time, and dynamically adjust the gas flow rate and fluid pressure based on the monitoring data.

5. The method for improving crop yield and quality using micro-nano oxygenation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes a soil moisture monitoring step, which uses a soil moisture sensor to detect soil moisture in the root zone and links it with a control unit to automatically adjust the irrigation frequency and water volume based on the soil moisture.

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