Intelligent submerged plant planting method and system based on bionic light compensation and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of submerged plant planting, and discloses an intelligent submerged plant planting method and system based on bionic light compensation and a storage medium. The system comprises the steps that a bionic sea anemone tentacle flexible base disc is constructed, and a shape memory polyurethane fixing arm and a silica gel suction cup are arranged; preparing a three-layer gradient nutrient sustained-release microcapsule and loading the microcapsule into a nutrient cavity of the basal disc; a water depth spectrum attenuation coefficient is calculated through a chlorophyll fluorescence attenuation inversion algorithm, and a depth adaptive light compensation parameter is generated; degradable spiral barb ground anchors are adopted for fixing, and intelligent planting of submerged plants is achieved. The technical problems that anchoring is unstable, nutrition supply is not matched and light compensation is not accurate in the deep water area submerged plant planting process are solved, and the success rate and the ecological restoration effect of plant planting in the deep water area 3 m or above are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of submerged plant planting, and in particular to a submerged plant intelligent planting method and system based on bionic light compensation and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, submerged plant planting mainly adopts the ways of direct seeding or seedling transplanting, and the plants are fixed by simple weight pressing or plastic net bag wrapping, and the nutrient supply relies on natural nutrients in the water body or one-time granular fertilizer. The illumination condition completely depends on natural light, and when the water depth exceeds 2 meters, the plant photosynthesis is limited due to serious light attenuation, and the planting success rate is generally low.

[0003] The prior art has the following disadvantages: first, the traditional rigid fixing method is easy to loosen or be uprooted under water flow disturbance, especially in deep water areas above 3 meters, the anti-disturbance ability of the plant root system is extremely weak when it has not been completely established; second, the single release rate of nutrient supply cannot match the differentiated needs of different growth stages of submerged plants, resulting in insufficient nutrients in the early stage or excessive nutrients in the later stage; third, there is a lack of active compensation mechanism for the illumination condition in deep water areas, and the plants grow slowly or even die in the low light environment.

[0004] The core problem of the traditional planting technology is the lack of organic combination of bionic design thinking and intelligent control means. Since the efficient anchoring mechanism of marine organisms is not used for reference, the existing fixing device cannot remain stable in the complex water dynamic environment; at the same time, there is a lack of light compensation algorithm based on plant physiological feedback, which cannot accurately adjust according to the light environment changes of different water depths and the actual photosynthesis needs of plants, which leads to the technical bottleneck of low survival rate, long growth cycle and poor ecological restoration effect of submerged plant planting in deep water areas. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a submerged plant intelligent planting method and system based on bionic light compensation and a storage medium, which solves the technical problems of unstable anchoring, unmatched nutrient supply and inaccurate light compensation in submerged plant planting in deep water areas, and improves the success rate and ecological restoration effect of plant planting in deep water areas above 3 meters.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a submerged plant intelligent planting method based on bionic light compensation, which comprises: Step S1, a flexible planting base of bionic anemone tentacle structure is constructed, the base is provided with 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and a silica gel suction cup base, the surface of the fixing arm has a micro barb structure, and a bionic anchoring unit is obtained; Step S2, prepare three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules, the inner layer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient matrix, the middle layer is an ethyl cellulose controlled-release film, and the outer layer is a sodium alginate trigger film, load the microcapsules into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the biomimetic anchoring unit to form an intelligent nutrient carrier; Step S3, calculate the water depth spectral attenuation coefficient by a plant chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm, which integrates chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and water optical properties, reversely calculates the light compensation demand of each depth layer according to the fluorescence decay gradient, and generates depth-adapted light compensation parameters; Step S4, prepare a spiral barb anchor using modified polyhydroxybutyrate valerate, the anchor is arranged in a regular hexagonal array, and is fixedly connected with the intelligent nutrient carrier through a degradable polyester fiber connecting rope, and the depth-adapted light compensation parameters are combined to realize intelligent planting of submerged plants.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present application provides a submerged plant intelligent planting system based on biomimetic light compensation, which comprises: An anchoring module for constructing a flexible planting base of a biomimetic anemone tentacle structure, the base is provided with 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and a silica gel suction cup base, the surface of the fixing arm has a micro barb structure, and a biomimetic anchoring unit is obtained; A loading module for preparing three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules, the inner layer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient matrix, the middle layer is an ethyl cellulose controlled-release film, and the outer layer is a sodium alginate trigger film, load the microcapsules into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the biomimetic anchoring unit to form an intelligent nutrient carrier; A calculation module for calculating a water depth spectral attenuation coefficient by a plant chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm, which integrates chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and water optical properties, reversely calculates the light compensation demand of each depth layer according to the fluorescence decay gradient, and generates depth-adapted light compensation parameters; A connecting module for preparing a spiral barb anchor using modified polyhydroxybutyrate valerate, the anchor is arranged in a regular hexagonal array, and is fixedly connected with the intelligent nutrient carrier through a degradable polyester fiber connecting rope, and the depth-adapted light compensation parameters are combined to realize intelligent planting of submerged plants.

[0008] In a third aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, and the computer readable storage medium stores instructions, when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer executes the above-mentioned submerged plant intelligent planting method based on biomimetic light compensation.

[0009] In the technical scheme provided in the application, the flexible fixing disc is constructed by the bionic anemone tentacle structure, 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and a silica gel suction cup base are designed, so that the fixing device can keep flexible deformation without falling off under water flow disturbance, and the micro barb structure further enhances the mechanical locking effect with the substrate, effectively solving the problem that the traditional rigid fixing mode is easy to loosen in deep water. The prepared three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules realize the staged quantitative release of nutrient elements through the precise design of the inner layer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substrate, the middle layer ethyl cellulose controlled-release film and the outer layer sodium alginate trigger film, avoiding the nutrient waste and environmental pollution caused by traditional one-time fertilization, and meeting the differentiated nutrient needs of submerged plants at different growth stages. The plant chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm is used, which can accurately calculate the light compensation demand of each depth layer by fusing the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and the water optical properties, and generate depth adaptive light compensation parameters, realizing the technical breakthrough from passive adaptation to light environment to active adjustment of light conditions. The spiral barb anchor prepared from modified polyhydroxybutyric acid valeric acid ester is arranged in a regular hexagonal array and fixedly connected with the intelligent nutrient carrier through the degradable polyester fiber connecting cable, which not only ensures the stability of the overall structure, but also realizes the environmental friendliness of the material, avoiding the long-term pollution of traditional metal or plastic anchoring to the aquatic ecosystem.

[0010] The plant chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm as the core technical feature of the application plays a key role in the application of submerged plants in deep water. The unique feature of the algorithm is to inversely calculate the light demand through the physiological response parameters of the plant itself, which can more accurately reflect the actual photosynthetic demand state of the plant compared with the traditional direct measurement method of environmental light intensity, avoiding the light monitoring deviation caused by factors such as water turbidity change and algal shading. The algorithm fuses the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and the water optical properties to establish an accurate mapping relationship between the physiological state of the plant and the light environment, so that the light compensation control is changed from empirical adjustment to precise control based on scientific principles, significantly improving the effectiveness of light compensation in deep water and the rationality of energy consumption control, and providing reliable technical support for the healthy growth of submerged plants in complex light environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0012] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the intelligent planting method of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation in the application; Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a performance analysis of a method for intelligent planting of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for intelligent planting of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and system for intelligent planting of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation and a storage medium. In the specification and claims of the present application and the above-described drawings, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like (if any) are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the term "comprising" or "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to only those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or device.

[0014] For ease of understanding, the specific processes of the embodiments of the present application are described below. Please refer to FIG. 1 Figure 1 An embodiment of the method for intelligent planting of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation 100 in the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps. Step S1, a flexible planting base of bionic anemone tentacle structure is constructed, the base is provided with 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and a silica gel suction cup base, the surface of the fixing arm has a micro barb structure, and a bionic anchoring unit is obtained; Step S2, three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules are prepared, the inner layer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substrate, the middle layer is an ethyl cellulose controlled-release film, and the outer layer is a sodium alginate trigger film, the microcapsules are loaded into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the bionic anchoring unit, and an intelligent nutrient carrier is formed; Step S3, a water depth spectral attenuation coefficient is calculated by a plant chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm, the algorithm fuses chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and water optical properties, the light compensation demand amount of each depth layer is reversely calculated according to a fluorescence decay gradient, and depth-adapted light compensation parameters are generated; Step S4, a modified polyhydroxybutyrate valerate is used to prepare a spiral barb anchor, the anchor is arranged in a regular hexagonal array, and is fixedly connected with the intelligent nutrient carrier through a degradable polyester fiber connecting rope, and the intelligent planting of submerged plants is realized in combination with the depth-adapted light compensation parameters.

[0015] Specifically, based on the sea anemone suction cup attachment mechanism, a dimethyl silicone material is processed in a concentric circular texture to obtain a silica gel suction cup base; a laser micro-processing is performed on a shape memory polyurethane material to form a micro barb structure on the surface thereof to obtain a flexible anchoring arm assembly; the flexible anchoring arm assembly is fixed to the edge of a polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer base disc at a circumferentially equal angle, and is assembled into a tentacle-shaped fixing structure to form a bionic anchoring unit; the bionic anchoring unit is subjected to nutrient liquid soaking pretreatment to form a hydrophilic film layer on the surface of the base disc. In the process, the design of the silica gel suction cup base and the flexible anchoring arm assembly can maintain flexible deformation and not fall off under water flow disturbance, and the micro barb structure enhances the mechanical locking effect with the substrate Ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed at a set mass ratio to granulate to obtain a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substrate particle; ethyl cellulose and polylactic acid material are blended to form a coating film on the surface of the nutrient substrate particle to obtain a double-coated particle; a sodium alginate solution is sprayed to coat the double-coated particle to form a trigger film layer to obtain a three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsule; the microcapsules are mixed at a set ratio of fast-release type, medium-release type and slow-release type and loaded into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the bionic anchoring unit. The three-layer coated structure releases the nutrient elements in stages and quantitatively, the fast-release type meets the demand of the initial stage of plant colonization, the medium-release type adapts to the middle stage of growth, and the slow-release type guarantees the late stage of growth, thereby avoiding the waste of nutrients and environmental pollution caused by traditional one-time fertilization. The spectral quantum sensor is used to collect red light, blue light and far-red light photon flux density data at different water depths to form a layered spectral attenuation data set; the plant leaves are irradiated with excitation light, the chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity is detected, and the fluorescence decay rate parameter is calculated to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameter; based on the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameter, the layered spectral attenuation data set is inversely calculated to calculate the difference between the plant photosynthetically active radiation requirement and the environmental light intensity at each depth layer to obtain the light compensation requirement data; the light compensation requirement data is converted into the red-to-blue light ratio of the LED lamp bead and the PWM modulation duty cycle parameter. The chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameter can reflect the actual photosynthetic requirement of the plant, and the inverse calculation combined with the optical properties of the water body can avoid the light monitoring deviation caused by changes in water turbidity and algae shading.

[0016] A modified anchor nail material is obtained by adding natural fibers to a polyhydroxybutyric acid valerate material for modification and reinforcement treatment; a biodegradable anchor nail assembly is prepared by forming a spiral barb structure on the modified anchor nail material; a planting fixing device is obtained by connecting the biodegradable anchor nail assembly to the intelligent nutrient carrier through a degradable polyester fiber connecting cable; and the LED light supplementing device is real-time regulated based on the depth-adaptive light compensation parameters. The spiral barb anchor nail and the regular hexagonal array distribution design enhance the bonding strength of the anchor nail and the substrate and make the stress evenly distributed, and the degradable material avoids the long-term pollution of traditional metal or plastic anchoring devices to the aquatic ecosystem.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, step S1 comprises: (1) based on the sea anemone suction cup attachment mechanism, concentric circular texture processing is performed on the polydimethylsiloxane material to obtain a silica gel suction cup base; (2) laser micro-processing is performed on the shape memory polyurethane material to form a micro barb structure on the surface of the fixed arm to obtain a flexible anchoring arm assembly; (3) the flexible anchoring arm assembly is fixed to the edge of the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer base disc according to the circumferential equal angle to assemble a tentacle-shaped fixing structure to obtain the bionic anchoring unit; (3) the bionic anchoring unit is subjected to nutrient solution soaking pretreatment to form a hydrophilic film layer on the surface of the base disc to obtain a biocompatible planting base disc.

[0018] Specifically, based on the sea anemone suction cup attachment mechanism, polydimethylsiloxane material is selected as the raw material of the silica gel suction cup base, and concentric circular texture processing is performed on the material, the texture depth is controlled to be 0.3-0.8 mm, and the interval is set to 1-2 mm. Through the processing, the surface of the silica gel suction cup base forms a structure that meets the attachment characteristics of the sea anemone suction cup, improves the contact adsorption capacity with the water bottom matrix, and solves the problem that the traditional rigid fixing method is easy to loosen under water flow disturbance. Because the traditional fixing device lacks bionic adsorption structure, it cannot be stably attached in a complex water dynamic environment, and the concentric circular texture can increase the contact area of the suction cup and the matrix and enhance the adsorption force.

[0019] For the shape memory polyurethane material, laser micro-processing technology is used to process a micro barb structure on the surface thereof, the barb height is set to 0.5-1.0 mm, the interval is 2-3 mm, and the barb angle is controlled to be 45°-60°. After processing, a flexible anchoring arm assembly is obtained. The flexible anchoring arm assembly remains flexible within a water temperature range of 15°-25℃, can be bent and deformed under external force, and returns to its original state after the external force is removed. The micro barb structure has a one-way locking function and can prevent the anchoring arm from being pulled out of the matrix after being inserted into the water bottom matrix, further solving the problem of weak disturbance resistance of the traditional fixing method. The traditional rigid fixing arm is easy to break or shift under water flow impact, and the flexible structure combined with the barb design can adapt to the deformation caused by the water flow and enhance the locking effect with the matrix through the barb.

[0020] The polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer base plate is disc-shaped, with a diameter of 180-220 mm and a thickness of 8-12 mm. A plant root-accommodating cavity with a diameter of 60-80 mm and a depth of 40-60 mm is located in the center. Flexible anchoring arm components are fixed to the edge of the base plate at equally spaced circumferential angles. If the base plate has 8 flexible anchoring arms, the circumferential angle between adjacent anchoring arms is 45°; if it has 12 flexible anchoring arms, the angle between adjacent arms is 30°. After assembly, a tentacle-like fixing structure is formed, i.e., a biomimetic anchoring unit. This base plate uses biodegradable materials, avoiding the long-term pollution of aquatic ecosystems caused by traditional plastic or metal base plates. Simultaneously, the tentacle-like fixing structure can disperse the impact force of water flow on the device from multiple directions, improving overall stability. Traditional single-point fixing methods concentrate force and are prone to overturning under water flow, while this multi-point tentacle-like structure can distribute external forces to each anchoring arm, reducing the stress load on individual anchoring points.

[0021] The biomimetic anchoring unit was pretreated by soaking in a nutrient solution with a pH value controlled between 6.5 and 7.5 for 24 to 48 hours. Simultaneously, a gibberellin-cytokinin complex at a concentration of 100-200 mg / L was added to the nutrient solution as a plant growth regulator. During soaking, the surface of the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer substrate adsorbed components from the nutrient solution, forming a hydrophilic film layer. This film layer enhances the biocompatibility between the substrate and plant roots, promoting root adhesion and growth. This addresses the problem of traditional planting substrates having strong hydrophobic surfaces, making root attachment difficult. Traditional substrates often fail to stably anchor roots due to their surface characteristics, affecting plant growth. The hydrophilic film layer improves the contact environment between roots and the substrate. Furthermore, the growth regulators in the nutrient solution adsorbed onto the substrate surface, providing root-promoting conditions for subsequent plant planting, aiding rapid root development, and enhancing the plant's initial resistance to disturbance.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, step S2 includes: (1) Ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed and granulated according to a set mass ratio to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient matrix particles; (2) Ethyl cellulose and polylactic acid are blended and coated to form a controlled-release membrane layer on the surface of the nutrient matrix particles, resulting in double-layer coated particles; (3) Spray coating treatment of sodium alginate solution to form a trigger film layer on the surface of the double-coated particles to obtain the three-coated gradient nutrient sustained-release microcapsules; (4) The microcapsules are mixed and loaded into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the biomimetic anchoring unit according to the set ratio of fast-release, intermediate-release and slow-release types to obtain the intelligent nutrient carrier.

[0023] Specifically, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate are mixed in a set ratio of 2:1:1 by mass, and the three components are uniformly dispersed by a stirring device during the mixing process. Subsequently, granulation processing is performed, and the outlet particle size parameter of the granulation device is controlled to maintain the diameter of the prepared nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient substrate particles within the range of 0.8-1.2 mm. The background art indicates that traditional nutrient supply relies on one-time granular fertilizer, which cannot match the different growth stage requirements of submerged plants. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient substrate particles in the set ratio can provide basic and balanced core nutrients for submerged plants, avoiding excessive or insufficient single components, and preliminarily solving the problem of mismatch between nutrient supply and plant demand. Among them, ammonium nitrate provides nitrogen elements to support plant leaf growth, potassium dihydrogen phosphate provides phosphorus and potassium elements to promote root development and enhance stress resistance, and potassium sulfate supplements potassium elements to ensure plant metabolism.

[0024] Ethyl cellulose and polylactic acid materials are selected for blending in a mass ratio of 3:2. During blending, the two materials are fully fused by heating and stirring to form a uniform coating material. Subsequently, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient substrate particles are coated using a coating device, and the coating thickness parameter of the coating device is adjusted to control the thickness of the formed controlled-release film layer within 50-100 μm. After processing, double-layer coated particles are obtained. The controlled-release film layer can slow down the release rate of nutrients in the nutrient substrate particles, avoiding the initial nutrient excess or later nutrient deficiency caused by traditional one-time fertilization. Ethyl cellulose has good chemical stability and can control the slow penetration of nutrients, while polylactic acid has biodegradability, avoiding long-term residue of coating materials causing pollution to the water environment, further optimizing the sustainability of nutrient supply, and solving the problem of single release rate of traditional nutrient supply.

[0025] A certain concentration of sodium alginate solution is prepared, and a double-layer coated particle is sprayed and coated using a spray coating device. The atomization pressure, spray amount, and moving speed parameters of the spray device are adjusted to control the thickness of the formed trigger film layer within 20-40 μm, and ensure that the film layer is uniformly covered on the surface of the double-layer coated particle. After processing, a three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsule is obtained. Sodium alginate has specific solubility in water, and the trigger film layer formed by it will gradually dissolve in 6-12 hours after contacting with water, providing an initial trigger condition for subsequent nutrient release. After dissolution, the inner controlled-release film layer can more accurately adjust the nutrient release according to environmental requirements, avoiding premature release of nutrients during non-plant demand period, improving the accuracy of nutrient supply, adapting to the differentiated nutrient demand of submerged plants at different growth stages, and further solving the technical problem of mismatch between nutrient supply and demand.

[0026] According to the nutrient requirement law of the growth cycle of submerged plants, the three-layer coating gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules are mixed in a setting proportion of 30% fast-release type, 50% medium-release type and 20% slow-release type. The total thickness of the coating of the fast-release type microcapsules (control release film layer + trigger film layer) is controlled at 50-70 pm, and the release period is 7-14 days, meeting the rapid demand for nutrients in the early stage of plant colonization. The total thickness of the coating of the medium-release type microcapsules is 70-90 pm, and the release period is 15-45 days, which adapts to the stable nutrient demand in the middle stage of plant growth. The total thickness of the coating of the slow-release type microcapsules is 90-100 pm, and the release period is 46-90 days, which guarantees the nutrient supply in the late stage of plant growth. After mixing, the microcapsules are filled into the nutrient slow-release cavities of the biomimetic anchoring units. The nutrient slow-release cavities are arranged at the edge of the base disc, a total of 6-8, and the volume of each cavity is 3-5 ml. During filling, the filling amount of microcapsules in each cavity is uniform. After filling, the intelligent nutrient carrier is formed. The matching design of the mixing ratio and the release period realizes the gradient release of nutrients in the entire growth cycle of plants, completely solves the technical problem that the traditional nutrient supply cannot match the demand of different growth stages of plants, and at the same time, the nutrient slow-release cavity is connected with the root cavity through a 1-2 mm diameter hole, which can direct the released nutrients to the surrounding of the plant roots, improve the nutrient utilization rate, and avoid waste and environmental pollution caused by the diffusion of nutrients with water flow.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, step S3 comprises: (1) Collecting red light, blue light and far-red light photon flux density data at different water depths by a spectral light quantum sensor to obtain a layered spectral attenuation data set; (2) Irradiating the plant leaves with excitation light, detecting the chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity and calculating the fluorescence decay rate parameter to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameter; (3) Inverting and calculating the layered spectral attenuation data set based on the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameter to calculate the difference between the photosynthetically active radiation requirement and the environmental light intensity at each depth layer, and obtaining the light compensation requirement data; (4) Converting the light compensation requirement data into LED lamp bead red-blue light ratio and PWM modulation duty cycle parameters to generate the depth-adapted light compensation parameters for different water depths.

[0028] Specifically, to solve the problem of inaccurate light compensation of submerged plants in deep water area and low planting success rate caused by dependence on natural light in the prior art, a spectral light quantum sensor is arranged at monitoring points at different depths (1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m and 5 m) in the target water area to collect photon flux density data of red light (660 nm band), blue light (450 nm band) and far-red light (730 nm band) at each depth. The average value of each depth and each band data is obtained after continuous collection for multiple times, and a layered spectral attenuation data set containing different water depths and corresponding red, blue and far-red light photon flux densities is formed. This process can accurately capture the spectral distribution difference at different water depths, avoid the problem that the traditional single-depth monitoring cannot reflect the change law of light intensity with water depth, and provide basic data support for subsequent light compensation calculation. Among them, red light is related to chlorophyll a absorption, blue light is related to chlorophyll b absorption, and far-red light affects plant photomorphogenesis. The collection of data of the three bands can comprehensively reflect the light environment required for plant photosynthesis.

[0029] The excitation light pulse with a wavelength of 630 nm is irradiated on the submerged plant leaves to excite the chlorophyll molecules in the leaves to produce fluorescence emission. Then, the change of chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity at a wavelength of 685 nm is detected by a photomultiplier tube, and the fluorescence intensity data is recorded at a set time interval to form a data sequence of fluorescence intensity decay with time and draw a fluorescence decay curve. The curve is fitted by an exponential function to calculate the time constant and decay rate parameters of fluorescence intensity decay. Based on these parameters, the maximum fluorescence yield, steady-state fluorescence intensity and photochemical quenching coefficient are further calculated, and finally the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters are obtained. The prior art lacks a light compensation mechanism based on plant physiological feedback, while the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters can directly reflect the photosynthetic physiological state of plants. For example, the photochemical quenching coefficient can reflect the light energy utilization efficiency of plants, and the decay rate parameter can reflect the activity of the photosynthetic reaction center. Through these parameters, the actual photosynthetic demand of plants can be accurately judged, and the deviation caused by adjusting the light compensation only according to the environmental light intensity can be avoided.

[0030] Based on the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters, the red, blue and far-red light photon flux density data at each water depth in the layered spectral attenuation data set are calculated. First, the model is improved based on the Beer-Lambert law （ wherein represents the light intensity at the water depth z, is the water surface light intensity, k is the light attenuation coefficient, is the time correction factor, is the wavelength response function), and the photochemical quenching coefficient and maximum fluorescence yield in the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters are combined to correct the light attenuation coefficient at different water depths kThe values, such as when the photochemical quenching coefficient decreases, indicate that the plant light energy utilization efficiency decreases, and the light compensation intensity of the water depth needs to be appropriately increased, and then the plant photosynthetically active radiation requirement amount (assuming that the plant light saturation point is 100-300 μmol / (m²·s), the light compensation point is 10-30 μmol / (m²·s), and the optimal light intensity is set to 200 μmol / (m²·s)) of each depth layer is calculated, and then the requirement amount is subtracted from the environmental light intensity (extracted from the hierarchical light spectrum attenuation data set) corresponding to the water depth to obtain the light compensation requirement amount data of each water depth. The inversion calculation process combines the plant physiological state and the environmental light intensity data to solve the problem that the traditional light compensation amount is calculated only according to the environmental light intensity and cannot match the actual demand of the plant, so that the light compensation requirement amount is more in line with the photosynthetic demand of the plant.

[0031] According to the corresponding relationship between the light compensation requirement amount data and the light-emitting characteristics of the LED lamp beads, the light compensation requirement amount of different water depths is converted into the red-blue light ratio and the PWM modulation duty cycle parameters of the LED lamp beads. When the light compensation requirement amount of a certain water depth is high and the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters show that the demand for chlorophyll a increases, the proportion of red light (660 nm) lamp beads is increased; if the demand for chlorophyll b increases, the proportion of blue light (450 nm) lamp beads is increased, and the red-blue light ratio adjustment range is 30%-50% for red light and 20%-40% for blue light. At the same time, the PWM modulation duty cycle is positively correlated with the light compensation requirement amount, and the duty cycle range is set to 10%-100%, and the corresponding light intensity output is 20-200 μmol / (m²·s), for example, when the light compensation requirement amount is 100 μmol / (m²·s), the duty cycle is adjusted to 50%, to ensure that the LED light compensation intensity accurately matches the demand. The conversion process realizes the conversion of the light compensation parameters from abstract data to hardware executable parameters, solves the problem that the traditional fixed intensity light compensation cannot adapt to different water depths and different plant physiological states, and finally generates depth adaptive light compensation parameters for different water depths, providing hardware control basis for precise light compensation.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a performance analysis schematic diagram of the intelligent planting method of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation in the embodiments of the present application; as Figure 2As shown, the embodiments of the present application verify the technical effect of the intelligent planting method through four key performance indicators. The upper left graph shows the thickness distribution of the three-layer coating gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules, in which the fast-release type (50-70 pm), the medium-release type (70-90 pm), and the slow-release type (90-100 pm) of the coating thickness design realizes the phased quantitative release of nutrient elements; the upper right graph shows the volume distribution of 6-8 nutrient slow-release cavities in the biomimetic anchoring unit, with each cavity volume controlled within the range of 3-5 ml, ensuring the uniformity of nutrient supply; the lower left graph compares the pullout resistance performance of traditional straight rod anchors and spiral barbed anchors, verifying the stability advantage of the biomimetic anchoring design; the lower right graph shows the depth-adaptive light compensation parameter distribution generated based on the chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm, with the color mapping of the scatter points representing the red and blue light ratio (30%-50% red light, 20%-40% blue light), and the Y-axis representing the variation law of the PWM modulation duty cycle (10%-100%) with water depth (1-5 m), verifying the accuracy and effectiveness of the light compensation algorithm.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the plant leaves are subjected to excitation light irradiation treatment, the chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity is detected, and the fluorescence decay rate parameter is calculated to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters, including: (1) The plant leaves are subjected to excitation light pulse irradiation treatment at a wavelength of 630 nm to excite chlorophyll molecules to produce fluorescence emission, and an initial fluorescence signal is obtained; (2) The change in chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity at a wavelength of 685 nm is detected by a photomultiplier tube, and a data sequence of fluorescence intensity decay with time is recorded to obtain a fluorescence decay curve; (3) The fluorescence decay curve is subjected to exponential function fitting treatment to calculate the time constant and decay rate parameter of the fluorescence intensity decay, and the fluorescence decay kinetic characteristic value is obtained; (4) The maximum fluorescence yield, steady-state fluorescence intensity, and photochemical quenching coefficient are calculated based on the fluorescence decay kinetic characteristic value to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters.

[0034] Specifically, to solve the problems of lack of light compensation mechanism based on plant physiological feedback and inability to accurately determine the photosynthetic demand of plants in the prior art, the submerged plant leaves are first irradiated with an excitation light pulse with a wavelength of 630 nm, which matches the absorption spectrum peak of chlorophyll molecules and can effectively excite the chlorophyll molecules to transition from the ground state to the excited state. The excited-state chlorophyll molecules release fluorescence in the process of returning to the ground state, thereby generating an initial fluorescence signal. The prior art in the background art only adjusts the light compensation through the ambient light intensity and does not consider the photosynthetic physiological state of the plant itself. The 630 nm excitation light pulse can specifically activate the chlorophyll, ensure that the initial fluorescence signal directly reflects the activity state of the photosynthetic pigment of the plant, avoid signal interference caused by non-specific excitation, and lay a foundation for subsequent accurate acquisition of plant photosynthetic information. The intensity of the excitation light pulse in this process needs to be controlled within a range that does not damage the plant leaves, while ensuring the detectability of the fluorescence signal.

[0035] After the initial fluorescence signal is generated, the photomultiplier tube detects the change in the chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity at a wavelength of 685 nm. The wavelength of 685 nm is a characteristic wavelength of chlorophyll fluorescence emission, and the fluorescence signal intensity at this wavelength is directly related to the chlorophyll content and the activity of the photosynthetic reaction center. The photomultiplier tube records the fluorescence intensity data at a time interval of 10 ms for 300 ms, forming a data set containing time and corresponding fluorescence intensity, i.e., a data sequence of the decay of fluorescence intensity over time. Then, the data sequence is plotted into a fluorescence decay curve with time as the horizontal coordinate and fluorescence intensity as the vertical coordinate. The prior art lacks dynamic monitoring of the fluorescence decay process and cannot capture the change rule of fluorescence intensity over time. However, this process can fully present the whole process of chlorophyll fluorescence from excitation to decay through high-frequency data acquisition and curve drawing. The initial segment of the fluorescence decay curve reflects the rapid relaxation process of the excited-state chlorophyll molecules, the middle segment reflects the decay process related to photosynthetic electron transfer, and the latter segment reflects the slow decay process related to non-photochemical quenching. The change characteristics at different stages can correspond to different functional states of the plant photosynthetic system.

[0036] The fluorescence decay curve is fitted using an exponential function model, which is wherein is the fluorescence intensity at time t, is the initial fluorescence intensity, is the fluorescence decay time constant, The background fluorescence intensity. The time constant τ and the decay rate parameter (the decay rate is 1 / τ) of the fluorescence intensity decay are calculated by fitting the fluorescence decay curve data by the least square method, and the two parameters together constitute the fluorescence decay kinetics characteristic value. The fluorescence decay time constant τ reflects the speed of the chlorophyll fluorescence decay, the smaller the τ value, the faster the decay rate, which means that the photosynthetic reaction center can quickly convert the excitation energy into chemical energy, and the light energy utilization efficiency is higher; on the contrary, the larger the τ value, the slower the decay rate, which means that there may be a decrease in the activity of the photosynthetic reaction center or a blockage of the light energy conversion. The traditional technology does not quantitatively analyze the fluorescence decay curve, and cannot obtain accurate kinetic parameters, while the fitting process can convert the qualitative characteristics of the curve into quantitative parameters, providing accurate data support for subsequent calculation of photosynthetic physiological indicators.

[0037] Based on the fluorescence decay kinetics characteristic value, the maximum fluorescence yield (F m ), the steady-state fluorescence intensity (F) and the photochemical quenching coefficient (P) are calculated. In the specific calculation process, the maximum fluorescence yield F m is the maximum fluorescence intensity value at the initial stage of the fluorescence decay curve, which reflects the fluorescence emission level when the photosynthetic reaction center is completely closed; the steady-state fluorescence intensity F is the fluorescence intensity value that tends to be stable in the later stage of the fluorescence decay curve, which reflects the fluorescence emission level when the photosynthetic reaction center is in a steady-state work; the calculation formula of the photochemical quenching coefficient P is P=(F m -F) / (F m -F0), wherein F0 is the initial fluorescence intensity under light adaptation, which can be determined by the fluorescence intensity at the starting point of the fluorescence decay curve. The maximum fluorescence yield F m can reflect the potential photosynthetic capacity of the photosynthetic system, the steady-state fluorescence intensity F can reflect the fluorescence release level in the actual photosynthetic process, and the photochemical quenching coefficient P can reflect the light energy utilization efficiency of the photosynthetic reaction center. These three parameters together constitute the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters. The traditional technology in the background technology cannot obtain quantitative indicators of the photosynthetic physiological state of plants, resulting in a lack of scientific basis for light compensation adjustment, while the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters can directly quantify the photosynthetic capacity and light energy utilization of plants. For example, when the photochemical quenching coefficient P value decreases, it indicates that the light energy utilization efficiency of the photosynthetic reaction center decreases, at which time the light compensation parameters need to be adjusted to improve the effectiveness of light energy supply. Through these parameters, the actual photosynthetic demand of plants can be accurately judged, and the technical problem that the traditional light compensation adjustment relies on experience and cannot match the physiological state of plants is solved, providing key physiological data support for subsequent generation of depth adaptation light compensation parameters.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, step S4 comprises: (1) modifying and enhancing the polyhydroxybutyric acid pentanoate material by adding natural fibers to obtain a modified anchor material; (2) The modified anchor material is subjected to spiral barb structure forming treatment to prepare anchor monomers with spiral lead and barb angle, and a biodegradable anchor assembly is obtained; (3) The biodegradable anchor assembly is positioned and installed in a regular hexagonal array layout, connected with the intelligent nutrient carrier through a degradable polyester fiber connecting cable, and a planting fixing device is obtained. (4) The LED light supplementing device is real-time regulated based on the depth adaptive light compensation parameters, and the planting operation of the submerged plant is completed in cooperation with the planting fixing device, and a stable planted submerged plant community is obtained.

[0039] Specifically, in order to solve the problems of weak disturbance resistance and material pollution of the traditional submerged plant planting fixing device in deep water area, polyhydroxybutyric acid valerate material is selected as the basic raw material, and 5%~10% natural fiber (flax fiber or jute fiber) is added for modification and enhancement treatment. During the treatment process, the natural fiber and the polyhydroxybutyric acid valerate material are fully mixed by high-speed stirring equipment to ensure that the natural fiber is uniformly dispersed in the substrate. Then the mixed material is preliminarily processed by extrusion molding process, and the tensile strength of the material is detected and controlled to reach 25~35MPa. In the background art, the traditional fixing device mostly uses metal or non-degradable plastic, which will pollute the aquatic ecosystem if left for a long time. The degradation period of polyhydroxybutyric acid valerate material in freshwater environment is 6~12 months, and the degradation product is carbon dioxide and water. After adding natural fiber, the mechanical strength of the material can be improved, solving the problem of insufficient strength of pure polyhydroxybutyric acid valerate material and easy breakage under water flow disturbance, meeting the stress requirements of complex environment in deep water area.

[0040] The modified anchor material is subjected to spiral barb structure forming treatment, and the modified material is processed into anchor monomers by mold injection molding process. The total length of the anchor is controlled to be 120~180mm, the diameter of the main rod is 8~12mm, the spiral lead is set to 15~25mm, the number of barbs is 4~6, the length of each barb is 6-10mm, the barb angle is controlled to be 30°~45°, and the head of the anchor is designed as a circular cone with a taper angle of 60°~90°, and the tail is processed into a T-shaped pull ring. Traditional anchors are mostly straight rod structures, which are easy to loosen or fall out under water flow impact after being inserted into the water bottom matrix. The spiral structure can increase the contact area between the anchor and the matrix, and the barb angle of 30°~45° can form one-way locking to prevent the anchor from being pulled out upward under external force. The conical head facilitates the insertion of the anchor into the matrix, and the T-shaped pull ring provides a structural basis for subsequent connection with the connecting cable. The processed anchor monomers are combined to form a biodegradable anchor assembly, which not only ensures the fixing effect but also avoids material pollution.

[0041] The coordinate calibration is first performed on the planting area based on a regular hexagon geometric layout, and the center position of the intelligent nutrient carrier is taken as the origin to determine six anchor mounting vertex positions within a range of 200-300 mm in radius to form an array positioning coordinate set. Then the biodegradable anchor assembly is inserted and mounted according to the coordinate set, and the anchor is rotated by a special tool to make the spiral structure rotate into the substrate on the water bottom, so as to ensure that the barbs are mechanically locked with the substrate to form an anchor point array. At the same time, the biodegradable polyester fiber is knitted to control the diameter of the knitted rope to be 3-5 mm, so that the tensile strength of the prepared connecting unit reaches 800-1200 N to obtain a flexible connecting assembly. One end of the flexible connecting assembly is connected with the T-shaped pull ring of the anchor point array, and the other end is fixed to the fixed ring node of the intelligent nutrient carrier. The length of the connecting cable is adjusted according to the water depth, which is set to 150 mm for a water depth of 3 meters, 200 mm for a water depth of 4 meters, and 250 mm for a water depth of 5 meters, to form a multi-point distributed fixing structure, i.e., a planting fixing device. The traditional fixing method is mostly single-point fixing, which is prone to tilting or displacement due to concentrated stress. The regular hexagonal array layout can evenly distribute the stress, and the length of the connecting cable can be adjusted according to the water depth to ensure that the intelligent nutrient carrier maintains a stable position at different water depths, avoiding the problems of over-tightening or over-loosening due to changes in water depth, and solving the problem of instability of the planting device under water flow disturbance in deep water areas.

[0042] The generated depth-adaptive light compensation parameters are obtained, which include the red and blue light ratios and the PWM modulation duty cycle corresponding to different water depths. Based on the parameters, the LED light compensation device is controlled in real time. When the light compensation parameters require a red light ratio of 40%, a blue light ratio of 30%, and a PWM duty cycle of 50% at a water depth of 3 meters, the control unit sends a control signal to the LED driving module to adjust the working current ratio of the red and blue light beads and the duty cycle of the PWM signal, so that the LED light compensation device outputs the corresponding photon flux density. The control cycle is set to 15 minutes, and the light intensity change is limited within ±20% each time to avoid sudden changes in light intensity that may cause stress to plants. Traditional technologies lack an active light compensation mechanism, and plants in deep water areas are limited in photosynthesis due to light attenuation. The control unit, in combination with the stable support of the planting fixing device, provides adaptive light for submerged plants by adjusting the light compensation parameters in real time, solves the problem of inaccurate light compensation, and, in combination with the stable fixing of the planting fixing device, finally completes the planting operation of submerged plants to form a stable submerged plant community.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the biodegradable anchor assembly is positioned and installed according to a regular hexagonal array layout, and is connected to the intelligent nutrient carrier through a biodegradable polyester fiber connecting cable to obtain a planting fixing device: (1) The coordinate calibration is performed on the planting area based on a regular hexagonal geometric layout to determine six vertex positions for anchor mounting, and an array positioning coordinate set is obtained. (2) The biodegradable anchor assembly is spirally inserted and installed according to the array positioning coordinate set, so that the anchor barb structure forms a mechanical lock with the substrate, and an anchor point array is obtained; (3) The biodegradable polyester fiber is woven to prepare a connecting cable unit with a set tensile strength and flexibility, and a flexible connecting component is obtained. (4) Connect one end of the flexible connection component to the anchor point array and the other end to the fixing point of the intelligent nutrient carrier to form a multi-point distributed fixing structure, thereby obtaining the planting fixing device.

[0044] Specifically, to address the issues of traditional planting and fixing methods, such as single-point stress and susceptibility to loosening and displacement under water flow disturbance, the planting area is first calibrated using a regular hexagonal geometric layout. A Cartesian coordinate system is established with the center of the intelligent nutrient carrier as the origin, and the radius of the circumcircle of the hexagon is set to 200-300 mm (this radius is determined based on the water flow impact force in deep water areas of 3 meters or more and the size of the intelligent nutrient carrier, ensuring that the anchoring range can effectively balance the water flow). The coordinates of the vertices of the regular hexagon are calculated using the formula (…). ,in r Let be the radius of the circumcircle. n The values ​​are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Calculate the coordinates of the six vertices respectively. For example, when... r When =250mm, n When =0, the coordinates are (250,0). n When the coordinates are equal to 1, the coordinates are (125, 216.5). The specific coordinates of the six vertices are obtained sequentially, forming an array positioning coordinate set. Traditional fixing methods lack precise spatial layout design, and the disordered distribution of fixing points leads to uneven force. The regular hexagonal geometric layout ensures that the distance from the six anchor points to the center of the intelligent nutrient carrier is equal, which can evenly distribute the impact force of the water flow on the carrier to each anchor, avoiding fixing failure caused by excessive local force.

[0045] After obtaining the array positioning coordinate set, the biodegradable anchor assembly is screwed into each vertex coordinate in the coordinate set. During installation, the T-shaped pull ring at the tail of the anchor is clamped by underwater working equipment, and after aligning the coordinate point, the anchor is rotated in a clockwise direction at a speed of 5-8 revolutions per minute, so that the spiral structure (helical pitch 15-25 mm) of the anchor gradually penetrates into the seabed. During the penetration process, the barbs (barb angle 30°-45°, length 6-10 mm) on the surface of the anchor are embedded in the bottom material along with the spiral structure, and when the anchor penetration depth reaches 2 / 3 of the total length (i.e. 80-120 mm), the rotation is stopped, at which time the barbs form a mechanical lock with the bottom material. The inclined angle of the barbs allows the anchor to only penetrate deeper into the bottom material and cannot be pulled out under the upward force generated by the water flow. Traditional anchors are straight rods inserted into the bottom material, and the bonding force between the anchor and the bottom material depends only on friction, which is easily loosened under water flow disturbance. The mechanical locking design of the spiral structure and the barbs can significantly improve the bonding strength between the anchor and the bottom material, and each anchor can provide an upward force of not less than 500 N. Six anchors together form an anchor point array, providing a stable stress basis for subsequent connection.

[0046] At the same time of installing the anchors, the biodegradable polyester fibers are woven. Using plain weave technology, polyester fibers (single filament diameter 0.1-0.2 mm) are woven according to the specifications of 20x20 threads per square centimeter, and the tension is controlled uniformly during the weaving process to avoid local weakness caused by uneven stress on the fibers. After weaving, the connecting cable is tested for tensile strength to ensure that it reaches 800-1200 N (this strength needs to match the maximum water flow impact in deep water areas to prevent the connecting cable from being pulled apart), and its flexibility is also tested. After being bent repeatedly for 50 times at a bending radius of 10 mm, there is no breakage or fiber shedding, meeting the installation and deformation requirements in complex underwater environments, and obtaining a flexible connection assembly. Traditional connection structures mostly use rigid rods, which cannot adapt to the small displacement of the carrier caused by the undulating terrain of the seabed and water flow, and are prone to breakage due to stress concentration. However, the flexible connection assembly can provide sufficient tensile strength and can deform with the small displacement of the carrier, avoiding stress damage of rigid connections.

[0047] One end of the flexible connecting assembly is connected with the T-shaped pull ring of each anchor in the anchor point array in a buckle fixing manner, to ensure that the tensile strength of the connection point is not less than 80% of the tensile strength of the connecting cable itself; the other end is connected with the fixing ring node at the edge of the intelligent nutrient carrier, the fixing ring nodes are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the carrier and correspond to the six anchor positions one by one. When connecting, the length of the connecting cable is adjusted according to the water depth: the length of the connecting cable in the 3-meter deep water area is set to 150 mm, the length of the connecting cable in the 4-meter deep water area is set to 200 mm, and the length of the connecting cable in the 5-meter deep water area is set to 250 mm (the length is determined according to the stability of the bottom and the water flow speed in different water depths, to ensure that the carrier will not be deformed due to the connecting cable being too short, and will not be deviated due to the connecting cable being too long). The six connecting cables are respectively connected to the fixing points of the carrier and the six anchors, to form a multi-point distributed fixing structure, that is, a planting fixing device. Traditional planting devices are mostly single-point or two-point fixed, and cannot balance the impact force of water flow in multiple directions. The multi-point distributed structure makes the tension received by the carrier be uniformly transmitted to the anchor point array from six directions, and each anchor only bears part of the load, to further reduce the stress pressure of a single anchor. Meanwhile, the deformation ability of the flexible connecting assembly can offset the shaking of the carrier caused by water flow, to solve the technical problems that the planting device is unstable and the plants are prone to lodging in the deep water area with a depth of more than 3 meters due to water flow disturbance.

[0048] The above describes the intelligent planting method of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation in the embodiments of the present application, and the intelligent planting system of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation in the embodiments of the present application is described below. Please refer to Figure 3 An embodiment of the intelligent planting system of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation in the embodiments of the present application includes: An anchoring module is configured to build a flexible planting base with a bionic anemone tentacle structure. The base is provided with 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and a silica gel suction cup base. The surface of the fixing arm has a micro barb structure, to obtain a bionic anchoring unit. A loading module is configured to prepare three-layer coated gradient nutrient slow-release microcapsules. The inner layer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substrate, the middle layer is an ethyl cellulose controlled-release film, and the outer layer is a sodium alginate trigger film. The microcapsules are loaded into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the bionic anchoring unit to form an intelligent nutrient carrier. A calculation module is configured to calculate a water depth spectral attenuation coefficient by a plant chlorophyll fluorescence decay rate inversion algorithm. The algorithm combines chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters and water optical properties, inversely calculates the light compensation requirement of each depth layer according to the fluorescence decay gradient, and generates depth-adaptive light compensation parameters. A connecting module is configured to prepare a spiral barb anchor by using modified polyhydroxybutyric acid valerate. The anchor is arranged in a regular hexagonal array. The anchor is fixedly connected with the intelligent nutrient carrier through a degradable polyester fiber connecting cable, and the intelligent planting of submerged plants is realized in combination with the depth-adaptive light compensation parameters.

[0049] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which can be a nonvolatile computer readable storage medium or a volatile computer readable storage medium, and instructions are stored in the computer readable storage medium, and the instructions make a computer execute the steps of the method for intelligent planting of submerged plants based on bionic light compensation when the instructions are run on the computer.

[0050] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent planting of submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation, characterized in that, The system includes: Step S1: Construct a flexible planting base plate with a biomimetic sea anemone tentacle structure. The base plate is equipped with 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and silicone suction cup bases. The surface of the fixing arms has a micro barb structure to obtain a biomimetic anchoring unit. Step S2: Prepare a three-layer membrane gradient nutrient sustained-release microcapsule. The inner layer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient matrix, the middle layer is an ethyl cellulose controlled-release membrane, and the outer layer is a sodium alginate trigger membrane. Load the microcapsule into the nutrient sustained-release cavity of the biomimetic anchoring unit to form an intelligent nutrient carrier. Step S3: Calculate the water depth spectral attenuation coefficient using the plant chlorophyll fluorescence attenuation rate inversion algorithm. This algorithm integrates chlorophyll fluorescence dynamic parameters and water optical properties, and calculates the light compensation requirement for each depth layer in reverse based on the fluorescence attenuation gradient to generate depth-adaptive light compensation parameters. Step S4: Prepare spiral barbed anchors using modified polyhydroxybutyrate valerate. The anchors are arranged in a regular hexagonal array and are fixedly connected to the intelligent nutrient carrier through biodegradable polyester fiber connecting cords. Combined with the depth-adaptive light compensation parameters, intelligent planting of submerged plants is achieved.

2. The intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Based on the sea anemone suction cup adhesion mechanism, polydimethylsiloxane material is processed with concentric circular texture to obtain a silicone suction cup base. Laser micromachining is performed on shape memory polyurethane material to form a micro-barb structure on the surface of the fixed arm, resulting in a flexible anchoring arm assembly. The flexible anchoring arm assembly is fixed to the edge of the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer base disk at equal circumferential angles to form a tentacle-shaped fixing structure, thus obtaining the biomimetic anchoring unit. The biomimetic anchoring unit is pretreated by soaking in nutrient solution to form a hydrophilic thin film layer on the surface of the base plate, resulting in a biocompatible colonization base plate.

3. The intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate are mixed and granulated according to a set mass ratio to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient matrix particles. Ethyl cellulose and polylactic acid are blended and coated to form a controlled-release membrane layer on the surface of the nutrient matrix particles, resulting in double-layer coated particles. A sodium alginate solution was spray-coated to form a trigger film on the surface of the double-coated particles, resulting in the triple-coated gradient nutrient sustained-release microcapsules. The microcapsules are mixed and loaded into the nutrient slow-release cavity of the biomimetic anchoring unit according to a set ratio of fast-release, intermediate-release, and slow-release types to obtain the intelligent nutrient carrier.

4. The intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: By collecting red, blue, and far-red photon flux density data at different water depths using a spectral quantum sensor, a layered spectral attenuation dataset was obtained. Plant leaves were irradiated with excitation light, the chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity was detected, and the fluorescence decay rate parameter was calculated to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters. Based on the chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics parameters, the hierarchical spectral attenuation dataset is inverted and calculated to estimate the difference between the photosynthetically active radiation requirement of plants at each depth layer and the ambient light intensity, thereby obtaining light compensation requirement data. The light compensation demand data is converted into LED light bead red and blue light ratio and PWM modulation duty cycle parameters to generate depth-adaptive light compensation parameters for different water depths.

5. The intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process involves irradiating plant leaves with excitation light, detecting chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity, and calculating fluorescence decay rate parameters to obtain chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters, including: Plant leaves were irradiated with an excitation pulse of 630 nm to excite chlorophyll molecules to emit fluorescence, thus obtaining an initial fluorescence signal. The change in chlorophyll fluorescence emission intensity at a wavelength of 685 nm was detected by photomultiplier tube, and the data sequence of fluorescence intensity decay over time was recorded to obtain the fluorescence decay curve. The fluorescence decay curve is fitted with an exponential function to calculate the time constant and decay rate parameter of fluorescence intensity decay, thereby obtaining the fluorescence decay kinetic characteristic value. The maximum fluorescence yield, steady-state fluorescence intensity, and photochemical quenching coefficient are calculated based on the fluorescence decay kinetics characteristic values ​​to obtain the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters.

6. The intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: It is used to modify and reinforce polyhydroxybutyrate valerate by adding natural fibers to obtain modified anchor materials; The modified anchor material is used to perform a spiral barb structure molding process to prepare an anchor unit with a spiral lead and barb angle, thereby obtaining a biodegradable anchor assembly. The biodegradable anchor assembly is used to position and install the biodegradable anchor assembly in a regular hexagonal array layout, and is connected to the intelligent nutrient carrier through a biodegradable polyester fiber connecting cable to obtain a planting and fixing device. This device is used to perform real-time control of the LED supplemental lighting device based on the depth-adaptive light compensation parameters, and works in conjunction with the planting and fixing device to complete the planting operation of submerged plants, thereby obtaining a stable submerged plant community.

7. The intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biodegradable anchor assembly is positioned and installed in a hexagonal array layout, and connected to the intelligent nutrient carrier via a biodegradable polyester fiber connecting cable to obtain a planting and fixing device, comprising: Based on the regular hexagonal geometric layout, the planting area is calibrated to determine the positions of the six vertices of the anchor nail installation, thus obtaining the array positioning coordinate set; The biodegradable anchor assembly is spirally inserted and installed according to the array positioning coordinate set, so that the anchor barb structure forms a mechanical lock with the substrate, resulting in an anchor point array. Biodegradable polyester fibers are woven to prepare connecting cable units with set tensile strength and flexibility, resulting in flexible connecting components. One end of the flexible connecting component is connected to the anchor point array, and the other end is connected to the fixing point of the intelligent nutrient carrier to form a multi-point distributed fixing structure, thus obtaining the planting fixing device.

8. A biomimetic light compensation-based intelligent planting system for submerged plants, characterized in that, For implementing the intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation as described in any one of claims 1-7, the intelligent planting system for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation comprises: An anchoring module is used to construct a flexible planting base plate with a biomimetic anemone tentacle structure. The base plate is equipped with 8-12 shape memory polyurethane fixing arms and silicone suction cup bases. The surface of the fixing arms has a micro barb structure to obtain a biomimetic anchoring unit. The loading module is used to prepare three-layer membrane gradient nutrient sustained-release microcapsules. The inner layer is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient matrix, the middle layer is an ethyl cellulose controlled-release membrane, and the outer layer is a sodium alginate trigger membrane. The microcapsules are loaded into the nutrient sustained-release cavity of the biomimetic anchoring unit to form an intelligent nutrient carrier. The calculation module is used to calculate the water depth spectral attenuation coefficient through the plant chlorophyll fluorescence attenuation rate inversion algorithm. This algorithm integrates chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics parameters and water optical properties, and inversely calculates the light compensation requirement of each depth layer based on the fluorescence attenuation gradient to generate depth-adaptive light compensation parameters. The connection module is used to prepare spiral barbed anchors using modified polyhydroxybutyrate valerate. The anchors are distributed in a regular hexagonal array and are fixedly connected to the smart nutrient carrier through biodegradable polyester fiber connecting cables. Combined with the depth-adaptive light compensation parameters, it realizes the intelligent planting of submerged plants.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it performs the intelligent planting method for submerged plants based on biomimetic light compensation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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