Accurate impression acquisition method for complete denture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oral medical treatment, and discloses a complete denture accurate impression collection method which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a primary impression from red and white proofing paste; s2, trimming the edge of the red and white proofing paste until the edge does not influence the muscular function movement range; s3, coating a silicone rubber adhesive; s4, the edge of the gun mixing weight body silicone rubber row is subjected to plastic finishing and sealing; s5, trimming the heavy silicone rubber impression, and only reserving the edge and the rear end; and S6, carrying out edge plastic finishing and sealing on the gun-mixed light silicone rubber row. The precision is improved through layered impression and dynamic shaping, the anatomical form and the functional edge of the oral cavity can be more accurately captured through the layering technology of red and white proofing paste initial impression, heavy silicone rubber edge shaping and light final impression in combination with muscular function movement shaping, the oral cavity is particularly suitable for dynamic changes of mucous membranes in movement, and the oral cavity can be more accurately caught. And meanwhile, the final impression is obtained through one-time initial impression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oral medical technology, specifically, it relates to a method for accurate impression taking of complete dentures. Background Technology

[0002] Complete dentures are essential prostheses for edentulous patients, and their functionality and comfort are highly dependent on the accuracy of impressions. Traditional complete denture impression techniques typically use a single impression material (such as alginate or silicone rubber) for a single impression. However, this method struggles to accurately capture the dynamic anatomy and marginal morphology of the oral cavity, especially mucosal changes during myofunctional movements. Subsequent clinical developments have introduced methods that use the initial impression as a anatomical basis to create a patient-specific tray. A more precise impression is then obtained by taking a marginal shaping impression from this individual tray. However, this method is time- and material-intensive and relies heavily on the skill level of the dentist or technician. Furthermore, traditional techniques require a high level of clinical skill from the dentist, which is insufficient to match the individual tray fabrication skills of a technician. Technicians also lack chairside examination to accurately understand the dynamic structure of the patient's mouth, relying solely on experience based on static models. This can lead to long consultation times and incomplete, precise myofunctional shaping, ultimately affecting the denture's fabrication outcome.

[0003] While some existing techniques employ layered impression techniques combining heavy and light silicone rubber, they still have shortcomings in edge shaping, dynamic capture of muscle function, and digital integration. For example, the synchronization and coordination of maxillary and mandibular impressions are insufficient, key areas such as the molar retrocuse are prone to deformation, and there is a lack of precise methods for vertical distance and occlusal plane positioning. These problems affect the long-term effectiveness and patient satisfaction of complete dentures. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a complete denture impression method that combines dynamic functional shaping, digital acquisition, and precise jaw relationship positioning to improve the accuracy and adaptability of prostheses.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for obtaining accurate impressions for complete dentures includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: Prepare the initial mold using red and white sample paste:

[0008] After heating and softening the red and white modeling paste, a primary impression is taken using an edentulous palate tray. A small amount of pressure is applied inside the oral cavity, and the buccal mucosa is shaped to allow the red and white modeling paste to fully penetrate the vestibular sulcus and other anatomical structures. The impression is then removed after hardening and shaping.

[0009] Step S2: Trim the edges of the red and white modeling paste until they do not affect the range of motion of the muscles: After obtaining the initial impression of the red and white modeling paste, observe whether the frenulum has a good shape. Use a trimmer to trim it into a wedge-shaped notch to avoid the movement of the frenulum in subsequent steps. Observe the overall edge thickness and trim it to 2-3mm to prevent it from hindering the movement of the mucosa and muscles in subsequent steps.

[0010] Step S3: Apply silicone rubber adhesive.

[0011] Step S4: Marginal shaping and sealing with heavy silicone rubber: Apply heavy silicone rubber to the red and white modeling paste. For the maxilla, apply the entire margin and the anterior half to two-thirds of the posterior end of the palatal dome. For the mandible, apply the entire margin and the entire area of ​​the retromolar pad. Place it inside the oral cavity and apply appropriate pressure while performing myofunctional shaping.

[0012] Step S5: Trim the heavy silicone rubber impression, retaining only the edges and rear end: Trim the excess heavy silicone rubber impression with a trimming knife, retaining the area of ​​step S4, and at the same time trimming the pressure point and the excessively thick edge area.

[0013] Step S6: Edge shaping and sealing with gun-mixed lightweight silicone rubber: Gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber is applied to the impression obtained in step S5, focusing on the blank areas of step S5. Simultaneously, it is evenly mixed with a mixing spatula, covering the entire tray and extending the edges appropriately. It is then placed inside the oral cavity, applying appropriate pressure while simultaneously performing myofunctional shaping.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps for retaining the edge of the gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber in step S5 are as follows: the maxillary range is the edge of the overall red and white modeling paste and the rear end of the palatal dome, which is one-half to two-thirds forward; the mandibular range is the overall edge and the entire area of ​​the retromolar pad.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, a gun-mixed heavy material is selected as an alternative to edge shaping wax. This material has better fluidity and can more accurately enter the edge shaping area while maintaining support for the lightweight material in the next step. Because its fluidity is between that of edge shaping wax and gun-mixed lightweight silicone rubber, the fibrous tissue in the alveolar mucosa and in front of the molar pad is less likely to shift under pressure, making it easier for the edge to adhere to the alveolar mucosa; the edge impression is more accurate compared to traditional impression materials.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. Layered molding and dynamic shaping improve precision:

[0018] This invention ingeniously combines the physical properties of three materials (red and white modeling paste, heavy silicone rubber, and light silicone rubber). The red and white modeling paste, after softening at a specific temperature, exhibits excellent initial shaping and flowability, enabling rapid and effective acquisition of initial impressions of the main anatomical structures of the oral cavity and achieving preliminary myofunctional shaping. Subsequently, utilizing the moderate flowability and higher precision of heavy silicone rubber, which is superior to traditional marginal shaping waxes, dynamic shaping of marginal closure areas (vesicle sulcus, buccal shelf, retromolar pad, lingual wing area, etc.) is precisely completed based on the initial impression, laying a solid and accurate marginal contour foundation for the final impression and avoiding uneven pressure or loss of detail that may result from a single material or an inappropriate combination of materials. This progressive material combination application, from macro to micro, from basic support to fine recording, maximizes the advantages of each material, synergistically achieving layer-by-layer, high-precision capture of the morphology and functional margins of oral hard and soft tissues.

[0019] 2. Precisely balance the pressure inside the mold-taking port:

[0020] In traditional processes, uneven wax filling during tray fabrication leads to uneven pressure on different areas of the oral cavity during impression taking, resulting in uneven mucosal deformation. This invention applies uniform and slight pressure to the mucosal surface of the support area—supported by the initial impression and the trimmed heavy silicone rubber—within the edge structure precisely shaped and supported by heavy silicone rubber, thus meticulously recording the mucosal surface morphology and fine structure. This invention uses a three-step method, with each step accurately reflecting the intraoral structure and providing uniform support to ensure uniform mucosal deformation.

[0021] 3. Reduce the high dependence on individual pallet manufacturing:

[0022] Traditional methods rely heavily on the precision of individual trays fabricated by physicians or technicians based on the initial impression, requiring technicians to possess extensive experience and clinical understanding. This invention bypasses the dependence on individually fabricated trays by using the initial impression (red and white modeling paste) directly at the chairside and precisely applying heavy and light silicone rubber for dynamic shaping and final impression acquisition (steps S4-S6). Clinicians can complete all key steps directly at the chairside, especially the crucial dynamic myofunctional shaping (steps S4, S6), allowing real-time observation of the morphology of the patient's oral tissues during functional movements, ensuring the accuracy of the impression edges. This reduces reliance on the highly technically sensitive step of individual tray fabrication by the technician, making high-precision full-mouth impression acquisition technology easier to promote and apply in clinical practice, especially beneficial for resident physicians or those with relatively less experience to achieve more stable restorative results.

[0023] 4. Effectively avoid the impact of silicone rubber polymerization shrinkage on edge precision:

[0024] This invention employs a "regional curing" strategy. First, a low-shrinkage heavy silicone rubber is applied and cured in key marginal sealing areas (such as the maxillary posterior rim, mandibular molar retromolar pad, and the overall margin) to form a stable "skeleton" structure (steps S4 and S5). Subsequently, in the final impression step (S6), a more fluid lightweight silicone rubber is filled and cured within the internal space defined by this skeleton. The cured heavy edge acts like a "wall," effectively limiting the shrinkage and deformation of the lightweight material in the marginal direction. This ensures that the most critical marginal contours and sealing areas of the final impression are precisely defined by the pre-cured and shrunk heavy material, significantly improving the fit and sealing effect of the denture margins and overcoming the problems of marginal shortening or deformation caused by overall material shrinkage in traditional methods.

[0025] 5. Achieve differentiated and precise recording of the "anatomical support zone" and the "functional peripheral zone":

[0026] This invention intentionally removes the heavy silicone rubber from the tooth crest (main support area) in step S5, retaining it only in the functional marginal areas (vesicle sulcus, buccal shelf, alar margin, retromolar pad, and posterior embankment). This allows the lightweight material with optimal flowability to directly, uniformly, and with low pressure cover and precisely record the relatively stable and non-displaceable tooth crest mucosa morphology in the final impression step (S6), achieving optimal support stability. Simultaneously, the crucial functional marginal area morphology, precisely shaped and cured by the heavy material under myofunctional movement in step S4, provides strong adhesion for the denture. This spatial planning and material allocation strategy clearly distinguishes and synergistically optimizes the recording of stable anatomical support areas and dynamic functional marginal areas, simultaneously improving the support stability and marginal seal retention of the final denture.

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] In the attached diagram:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process structure for a precise impression acquisition method for complete dentures;

[0030] Figure 2 Prepare a preliminary mold for the red and white sample paste in step S1;

[0031] Figure 3 For step S2, trim the edges of the red and white sample paste until the edges do not affect the range of motion of the muscles.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the silicone rubber adhesive coating in step S3;

[0033] Figure 5 The edge shaping and sealing diagram of the gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber in step S4;

[0034] Figure 6 For the trimmed silicone rubber mold in step S5, only the edges and rear end are retained.

[0035] Figure 7 The edge shaping and sealing diagram of the gun-mixed lightweight silicone rubber in step S6 is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0037] A method for obtaining accurate impressions for complete dentures includes the following steps:

[0038] 1.1. Preparation of the initial mold using red and white sample paste (Step S1)

[0039] (1) Material processing: Place the red and white sample paste in hot water at 100℃ to soften it to the ideal fluidity and plasticity.

[0040] (2) Initial mold forming:

[0041] Spread the softening paste evenly on the edentulous tray (maxillary standard tray / mandibular FCB tray);

[0042] Insert the ointment into the mouth and apply gentle pressure, while simultaneously shaping the buccal mucosa to allow the ointment to fully extend to the vestibule and frenulum attachment area.

[0043] After hardening and setting, remove the product and check the edge extension and the integrity of the anatomical structure coverage.

[0044] 2. Trim the edges of the initial mold (step S2)

[0045] (1) Secondary hardening: Immerse the removed initial mold in cold water to strengthen and solidify it.

[0046] (2) Fine finishing:

[0047] Use a trimmer to cut all edges to a thickness of 2-3mm to avoid hindering muscle function;

[0048] Cut wedge-shaped notches at the tethering points to allow for a range of motion;

[0049] Eliminate undercut areas (such as the maxillary tuberosity and the posterior fossa of the mandibular bone) to ensure even pressure in subsequent steps.

[0050] 3. Apply silicone rubber adhesive (step S3)

[0051] Apply adhesive evenly to the surface of the red and white sample paste after it has been repaired, blow it dry, and let it stand for 1 minute to enhance the bonding strength.

[0052] 4. Edge shaping and sealing of heavy-duty silicone rubber (step S4)

[0053] (1) Material application:

[0054] Maxilla: The entire edge and the anterior 1 / 2-2 / 3 area of ​​the posterior end of the palatal dome are covered with gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber;

[0055] Mandible: Covers the entire margin and the entire area behind the molar pad.

[0056] (2) Dynamic shaping:

[0057] The tray is placed in the mouth and appropriate pressure is applied; at the same time, the patient is guided to perform actions such as sucking, smiling, swallowing saliva, and raising the tongue side to precisely shape the functional margins.

[0058] 5. Trim the heavy silicone rubber mold (step S5)

[0059] (1) Selective retention:

[0060] The trimmer removes excess material, retaining only the edges and posterior regions defined in step S4; the trimmer focuses on removing excess material at the top of the ridge to expose the mucosal space of the main support area.

[0061] (3) Fine adjustment: smooth out the pressure points and excessively thick edges to ensure a smooth and continuous outline.

[0062] 6. Final molding and shaping of lightweight silicone rubber (step S6)

[0063] (1) Final mold filling:

[0064] In step S5, apply lightweight silicone rubber to the mold, covering all blank areas; spread the material evenly with a mixing spatula, extending the edges outwards by 1-2 mm.

[0065] (2) Functional final shaping:

[0066] Place the tray into the mouth and apply slight pressure;

[0067] The patient repeats muscle function motor shaping movements to capture the dynamic morphology of the mucosa;

[0068] After curing, the mold is removed, resulting in a precise final impression that combines anatomical shape and functional edges.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining accurate impressions for complete dentures, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Prepare the initial mold using red and white sample paste: After heating and softening the red and white modeling paste, a primary impression is taken using an edentulous palate tray. A small amount of pressure is applied inside the oral cavity, and the buccal mucosa is shaped to allow the red and white modeling paste to fully penetrate the vestibular sulcus and other anatomical structures. The impression is then removed after hardening and shaping. Step S2: Trim the edges of the red and white modeling paste until they do not affect the range of motion of the muscles: After obtaining the initial impression of the red and white modeling paste, observe whether the frenulum has a good shape. Use a trimmer to trim it into a wedge-shaped notch to avoid the movement of the frenulum in subsequent steps. Observe the overall edge thickness and trim it to 2-3mm to prevent it from hindering the movement of the mucosa and muscles in subsequent steps. Step S3: Apply silicone rubber adhesive. Step S4: Marginal shaping and sealing with heavy silicone rubber: Apply heavy silicone rubber to the red and white modeling paste. For the maxilla, apply the entire margin and the anterior half to two-thirds of the posterior end of the palatal dome. For the mandible, apply the entire margin and the entire area of ​​the retromolar pad. Place it inside the oral cavity and apply appropriate pressure while performing myofunctional shaping. Step S5: Trim the heavy silicone rubber impression, retaining only the edges and rear end: Trim the excess heavy silicone rubber impression with a trimming knife, retaining the area of ​​step S4, and at the same time trimming the pressure point and the excessively thick edge area. Step S6: Edge shaping and sealing with gun-mixed lightweight silicone rubber: Gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber is applied to the impression obtained in step S5, focusing on the blank areas of step S5. Simultaneously, it is evenly mixed with a mixing spatula, covering the entire tray and extending the edges appropriately. It is then placed inside the oral cavity, applying appropriate pressure while simultaneously performing myofunctional shaping.

2. The method for accurate impression taking of complete dentures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The use of red and white modeling paste in step S1 can produce a preliminary impression negative mold, but it differs from the casting of plaster. The specific steps are as follows: The red and white modeling paste is softened with boiling water at 70-80℃, which is different from the conventional method, so that the modeling paste has better fluidity and plasticity. It is spread evenly on the maxillary edentulous palate tray and the mandibular FCB tray. A small amount of pressure is applied inside the oral cavity, and the buccal mucosa is shaped to allow the red and white modeling paste to fully enter the vestibule, frenulum and other anatomical structures. After hardening and shaping, it is removed.

3. The method for accurate impression taking of complete dentures according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, after the red and white modeling paste has set, it is hardened again with cold water. All edges are trimmed to a thickness of about 2-3 mm with a trimming knife, while reasonably avoiding the range of movement of the frenulum. The edges are cut into notches at the frenulum, and the undercut of the modeling paste is observed to provide sufficient cushioning. In this step, it is necessary to carefully observe the range of movement of the frenulum and whether the vestibular sulcus extends into place without being overextended. All undercuts felt when removing the modeling paste from the mouth should be eliminated. For example, the maxillary tuberosities on both sides of the maxilla and the posterior fossa of the mandibular hyoid bone need to be cushioned to leave space for relatively equal pressure in subsequent steps.

4. The method for accurate impression taking of complete dentures according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps S4 and S5, the area for applying the gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber needs to be limited. The fibrous tissue in the mucosa of the tooth ridge crest, i.e. the main supporting area, is less likely to shift during the myofunctional genomics acquisition process. Therefore, the area of ​​this part is removed during the gun-mixed heavy silicone rubber acquisition. In the maxilla, since the light body still needs to provide support for the subsequent gun-mixed light silicone rubber at the hard palate, the range is the edge of the overall red and white modeling paste and the back end of the palatal vault anterior to one-half to two-thirds. In the mandible, it is the overall edge and the entire area of ​​the retromolar pad. The patient is then asked to perform the aforementioned basic muscle function shaping movements; this makes it easier for the edge to enter the edge-closed area, while the range of motion of the frenulum can be dynamically collected; and a precision impression material is then produced after subsequent steps.

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