Gear grinding device and workpiece grinding method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a gear grinding device and a grinding method thereof. The gear grinding device comprises a mounting base, a vertical moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a grinding mechanism and a finishing mechanism. The trimming mechanism is directly and fixedly arranged on the rotating mechanism and comprises a first driving part and a second driving part which are perpendicular to each other, and a trimming part arranged on the second driving part. The dressing mechanism and the rotating mechanism are integrally designed, so that the dressing mechanism can synchronously rotate to a working angle along with the grinding wheel. When the grinding wheel needs to be trimmed, the working angle of the rotating mechanism is kept unchanged, the first driving part and the second driving part are controlled to conduct servo linkage, the trimming part is driven to conduct axial and radial resultant motion relative to the grinding wheel, and in-place trimming of the grinding wheel profile is achieved. The angle zero returning and position resetting procedures in the traditional finishing process are eliminated, the finishing efficiency is effectively improved, secondary positioning errors are avoided, and the consistency of workpiece machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a gear grinding device and a method for grinding workpieces. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of precision machining of gears, the gear grinding machine is the key equipment to obtain high-precision gear tooth profile. Among them, the grinding wheel as the direct participation in the grinding tool, its profile accuracy in the machining process directly affects the machining quality of the workpiece gear. The traditional gear grinding machine usually adopts a fixed single-point circular arc diamond dressing roller to dress the grinding wheel. The dressing mechanism is generally fixedly installed, and its position remains unchanged.

[0003] When grinding helical gears, the grinding wheel spindle needs to be transferred to the working angle matching the helix angle of the workpiece through a rotating mechanism (such as a numerical control turntable). When the grinding wheel needs to be dressed during the machining process, the existing technology has the following inherent defects: first, the grinding wheel spindle must be transferred from its working angle to the zero-degree position to restore the preset relative spatial position with the fixedly installed dressing mechanism; second, the grinding wheel assembly needs to be moved out of the grinding position and moved to a specially designed dressing station. After dressing is completed, the grinding wheel needs to be repositioned in angle and radially to return to the previous grinding position.

[0004] This "angle back to zero - radial displacement dressing - repositioning" process flow significantly increases the non-productive auxiliary time and reduces the machining efficiency of the machine tool. More importantly, the two positioning (angle and radial position) of the grinding wheel before and after dressing inevitably introduces a repeated positioning error. This error directly leads to the inconsistency in tooth profile and tooth groove depth of the tooth groove ground before and after dressing on the same workpiece, seriously affecting the machining accuracy and consistency of the workpiece. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a gear grinding device and a method for grinding workpieces. To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A gear grinding device, comprising a mounting seat; a vertical movement mechanism movably arranged on the mounting seat in the vertical direction; a rotating mechanism arranged on the vertical movement mechanism and allowing rotation along the vertical movement mechanism; a grinding mechanism arranged on the rotating mechanism, comprising a force output portion and a grinding wheel at the end of the force output portion, the force output portion being arranged to drive the grinding wheel to rotate, so that under the action of the vertical movement mechanism and the rotating mechanism, the grinding wheel grinds the workpiece; The grinding device further comprises a dressing mechanism arranged on the rotating mechanism for dressing the grinding wheel, the grinding mechanism further comprises a receiving part for receiving the force output part, the dressing mechanism comprises a first driving part for connecting with the receiving part and allowing the driving of the receiving part to move along the first driving part, and a second driving part perpendicular to the first driving part, a dressing part is arranged on the second driving part, the dressing part is arranged to allow the grinding of the grinding wheel, so that the axial and radial feeding of the dressing part relative to the grinding wheel is realized under the action of the first driving part and the second driving part, thereby dressing the required profile of the grinding wheel.

[0006] Further, the dressing part comprises a dressing spindle and a dressing roller rotatably arranged on the end of the dressing spindle, the dressing roller is made of diamond material.

[0007] Further, the first driving part comprises a fixed plate fixed relative to the rotating mechanism, a groove is arranged on the fixed plate, a screw is rotatably arranged in the groove, a cooperating block is arranged on the receiving part, the cooperating block is arranged to be sleeved on the screw and cooperates with the screw, so that the receiving part is driven to move in the process of the rotation of the screw, the first driving part further comprises a motor arranged on the fixed plate and connected with the screw, for driving the screw to rotate.

[0008] Further, a guide rail extending along the fixed plate is further arranged on the fixed plate, the receiving part further comprises a sliding groove cooperated with the guide rail, for guiding the movement of the receiving part.

[0009] Further, a connecting part is further arranged on the first driving part in an inclined manner, the second driving part is connected with the connecting part, the dressing part further comprises a connecting seat for connecting with the second driving part and allowing the cooperation of the second driving part, a receiving groove is arranged on the connecting seat, the dressing roller is located in the receiving groove, so that the receiving groove and the connecting part jointly form a space for the movement of the dressing roller.

[0010] Further, a notch is further arranged on the receiving part, the notch is arranged corresponding to the grinding wheel, for forming a space for the movement of the grinding wheel.

[0011] According to the second aspect of the present application, a method for grinding a workpiece by using the gear grinding device is provided, comprising the following steps: Step one, grinding positioning: positioning the grinding wheel to the grinding position of the workpiece by the vertical moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism, and driving the force output part to rotate the grinding wheel for grinding processing; Step 2, in-situ dressing: When the grinding wheel needs dressing, the current working angle of the rotating mechanism remains unchanged. By controlling the first drive unit and the second drive unit to work together, the dressing unit is driven to perform a combined axial and radial motion relative to the grinding wheel to dress the grinding wheel profile. Step 3, Reset Processing: After the dressing is completed, the angle and radial position of the grinding wheel have not changed, and the grinding process on the workpiece can be resumed directly.

[0012] Furthermore, prior to step two, the following steps are also included: Exit procedure: The vertical moving mechanism drives the grinding wheel to move upward and exit the workpiece tooth groove, while keeping the working angle of the rotating mechanism unchanged; Accordingly, in the reset processing step, the grinding wheel is driven downward by the vertical moving mechanism to return to the grinding position.

[0013] Furthermore, throughout the dressing process, the radial position of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece and the working angle of the rotating mechanism remain constant.

[0014] Furthermore, during the trimming process, the trimming roller is driven to rotate by an independent drive source.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, a dressing mechanism is provided, comprising a first driving unit, a second driving unit, and a dressing unit, and the dressing mechanism is directly fixedly mounted on the rotating mechanism. In this way, when the grinding wheel needs dressing, the dressing mechanism can synchronously maintain its working angle position with the rotating mechanism, allowing dressing to be performed directly without rotating the grinding wheel to zero degrees. This completely eliminates the angle return-to-zero step in the traditional dressing process, thus significantly improving dressing efficiency. Simultaneously, it avoids the secondary positioning errors caused by traditional dressing methods, thereby ensuring the consistency of machining of each tooth groove on the same workpiece.

[0016] 2. In this invention, a first driving unit and a second driving unit are provided. The first driving unit drives the receiving part and the grinding wheel to move axially through the cooperation of a lead screw and a mating block. The second driving unit drives the dressing part to move radially using the same principle. In this way, the two driving units can achieve servo linkage under the control of a CNC system, so that the dressing roller can precisely dress the grinding wheel according to a predetermined trajectory. Thus, high-precision dressing of complex grinding profiles is achieved, thereby ensuring the tooth profile accuracy of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gear grinding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding mechanism and the dressing mechanism combined in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first driving unit and the mating block combined in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the receiving part in an embodiment of the present invention. In the above figures: grinding device 100, mounting base 1, vertical moving mechanism 2, rotating mechanism 3, grinding mechanism 4, force output part 41, grinding wheel 42, receiving part 43, mating block 431, sliding groove 432, slot 433, dressing mechanism 5, first drive part 51, fixing plate 511, groove 512, lead screw 513, motor 514, guide rail 5111, connecting part 515, second drive part 52, dressing part 53, dressing spindle 531, dressing roller 532, connecting base 533, receiving groove 5331. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following detailed description of a gear grinding device and its method for grinding workpieces is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 The illustration schematically depicts a gear grinding apparatus and a method for grinding a workpiece according to the present invention. In such... Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the gear grinding device 100 includes a mounting base 1, which is configured as a rectangular structure. A vertical moving mechanism 2 is provided on the mounting base 1, which is configured to allow vertical movement along the mounting base 1.

[0021] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, a rotating mechanism 3 is also provided on the vertical moving mechanism 2. The rotating mechanism 3 is configured to allow rotation along the vertical moving mechanism 2. At the same time, the device 100 also includes a grinding mechanism 4, which is disposed on the rotating mechanism 3 and is used to receive the forces from the vertical moving mechanism 1 and the rotating mechanism 3 respectively, so that the grinding mechanism 4 can move in the vertical and circumferential directions.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the grinding mechanism 4 includes a force output section 41 and a grinding wheel 42 located at the end of the force output section 41. The force output section 41 is configured to allow the grinding wheel 42 to rotate. In this way, under the action of the vertical moving mechanism 2 and the rotating mechanism 3, the grinding wheel 42 can be driven to grind the workpiece (not shown in the figure) at a specific angle.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, when it is necessary to grind straight teeth on a workpiece, the rotating mechanism 3 is activated, causing the grinding mechanism 4 to rotate until the axis of the grinding wheel 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece. At this time, the vertical moving mechanism 2 is activated, causing the grinding mechanism 4 to move vertically (in a direction parallel to the axis of the workpiece). During this process, the grinding wheel 42 will continuously grind the workpiece, thereby forming straight teeth on the workpiece.

[0024] However, as Figure 1 As shown, when it is necessary to grind helical teeth on the workpiece, the rotating mechanism 3 is started, which drives the grinding mechanism 4 to rotate until the angle formed by the intersection of the axis of the grinding wheel 42 and the axis of the workpiece meets the requirements of the helical teeth of the workpiece.

[0025] At this time, the vertical moving mechanism 2 is activated, causing it to drive the grinding mechanism 4 to move vertically. During this process, the grinding wheel 42 continuously grinds the workpiece, thereby forming helical teeth on the workpiece. This achieves the machining operation on the workpiece. It should be noted that the structure and working principle of the rotating mechanism 3 are well known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, they will not be described in detail here.

[0026] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device 100 also includes a dressing mechanism 5, which is mounted on the rotating mechanism 3 for dressing the grinding wheel 42. Specifically, as... Figure 1 As shown, the grinding mechanism 4 also includes a receiving part 43, which is configured as a plate structure and allows the force output part 41 to be received.

[0027] At the same time, such as Figure 1 As shown, the trimming mechanism 5 includes a first drive unit 51, which is configured to connect with the receiving part 43 and allow the receiving part 43 to move along it. Furthermore, the trimming mechanism 5 also includes a second drive unit 52, which is fixed relative to the first drive unit 51 and perpendicular to it.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dressing mechanism 5 also includes a dressing section 53, which is disposed on the second drive section 52 and allows movement along the second drive section 52. In this embodiment, the dressing section 53 is configured to allow grinding of the grinding wheel 42. In this way, under the action of the first drive section 51 and the second drive section 52, the dressing section 53 can be fed axially and radially relative to the grinding wheel 42, thereby dressing the grinding wheel 42 to the desired profile.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the dressing unit 53 includes a dressing spindle 531 and a dressing roller 532 rotatably mounted at the end of the dressing spindle 531. The dressing roller 532 is made of diamond. In this way, the grinding wheel 42 can be ground by the action of the dressing roller 532, thereby realizing the dressing operation of the grinding wheel 42.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, when axial dressing of the grinding wheel 42 is required, the second drive unit 52 is activated, and the second drive unit 52 drives the dressing unit 53 to move closer to the grinding wheel 42 until the outer edge of the dressing unit 53 intersects with the outer edge of the grinding wheel 42, and the relative position between the dressing unit 53 and the grinding wheel 42 meets the axial dressing requirements.

[0031] At this time, the first drive unit 51 is activated, causing it to drive the receiving part 43 to move along the axial direction of the grinding wheel 42. During this process, the dressing part 53 will dress the axial direction of the grinding wheel 42 until the profile of the grinding wheel 42 meets the requirements. It should be noted that when radial dressing of the grinding wheel 42 is required, the movement of the first drive unit 51 and the second drive unit 52 is similar to the above. Therefore, it will not be described in detail here.

[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the first drive unit 51 includes a fixing plate 511, which is fixed to the rotating mechanism 3. A groove 512 is provided on the fixing plate 511, and a lead screw 513 is rotatably mounted within the groove 512.

[0033] In addition, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the receiving part 43 is also provided with a mating block 431, which is configured to be sleeved on the lead screw 513 and to engage with the lead screw 513. In this way, the mating block 431 can be driven to move during the rotation of the lead screw 513, thereby causing the mating block 431 to drive the receiving part 43 to move synchronously, and consequently causing the force output part 41 located on the receiving part 43 to move synchronously. Preferably, the first driving part 51 further includes a motor 514 disposed on the fixed plate 511 and connected to the lead screw 513. In this way, the lead screw 513 can be driven to rotate under the action of the motor 514.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , 3As shown, a guide rail 5111 extending along the fixed plate 511 is also provided therein, and the receiving part 43 further includes a groove 432 that cooperates with the guide rail 5111. In this way, the guide rail 5111 can guide the movement of the receiving part 43.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a connecting portion 515 is also provided on the first driving part 51, and the connecting portion 515 is arranged in an inclined manner. Meanwhile, the second driving part 52 is connected to the connecting portion 515. The trimming part 53 also includes a connecting seat 533, which is configured to connect to the second driving part 52 and allow the second driving part 52 to cooperate with each other.

[0036] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 As shown, the transmission structure between the second drive unit 52 and the connecting seat 533 also adopts a combination of a lead screw, a motor, and a mating block, and its specific structure is similar to the connection structure between the first drive unit 51 and the receiving unit 43. Therefore, it will not be described in detail here.

[0037] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, a receiving groove 5331 is provided on the connecting seat 533, and the trimming roller 532 is located in the receiving groove 5331. In this way, the receiving groove 5331 and the connecting part 515 together form a space for the movement of the trimming roller 532. Thus, interference between the trimming roller 532 and the connecting seat 533 and the receiving part 43 can be avoided.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, a groove 433 is also provided on the receiving part 43, which is configured to correspond to the grinding wheel 42 to form a space for the grinding wheel 42 to move. In this way, a stable relative movement can be formed between the dressing roller 532 and the grinding wheel 42.

[0039] In this configuration, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the grinding operation of this device 100 on the workpiece includes the following steps: Step 1, Grinding Positioning: The vertical moving mechanism 2 and the rotating mechanism 3 position the grinding wheel 42 to the grinding position on the workpiece (not shown in the figure), and drive the force output unit 41 to rotate the grinding wheel 42 for grinding. Specifically, when it is necessary to grind straight teeth on the workpiece, the rotating mechanism 3 drives the moving grinding mechanism 4 to rotate until the axis of the grinding wheel 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece.

[0040] At this time, the vertical moving mechanism 2 is activated, causing it to drive the grinding mechanism 4 to move vertically (in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis). During this process, the grinding wheel 42 will continuously grind the workpiece, thereby forming straight teeth on the workpiece.

[0041] However, when it is necessary to grind helical teeth on the workpiece, the rotating mechanism 3 is activated, which drives the grinding mechanism 4 to rotate until the angle formed by the intersection of the axis of the grinding wheel 42 and the axis of the workpiece meets the requirements of the helical teeth of the workpiece.

[0042] At this time, the vertical moving mechanism 2 is activated, causing it to drive the grinding mechanism 4 to move vertically. During this process, the grinding wheel 42 continuously grinds the workpiece, forming helical teeth on it. This achieves the machining operation on the workpiece. It should be noted that the vertical moving mechanism 2 and the mounting base 1 are connected by a combination of a lead screw, a motor, and a mating block, and their specific structure is similar to the connection structure between the first driving part 51 and the receiving part 43.

[0043] Step 2, in-situ dressing: When the grinding wheel 42 needs dressing, the current working angle of the rotating mechanism 3 remains unchanged. By controlling the first drive unit 51 and the second drive unit 52 to work together, the dressing unit 53 is driven to perform a combined axial and radial motion relative to the grinding wheel 42 to dress the profile of the grinding wheel 42.

[0044] Specifically, when axial dressing of the grinding wheel 42 is required, the second drive unit 52 is activated, and the second drive unit 52 drives the dressing unit 53 to move closer to the grinding wheel 42 until the outer edge of the dressing unit 53 intersects with the outer edge of the grinding wheel 42, and the relative position between the dressing unit 53 and the grinding wheel 42 meets the axial dressing requirements.

[0045] At this time, the first drive unit 51 is activated, causing it to drive the receiving part 43 to move along the axial direction of the grinding wheel 42. During this process, the dressing part 53 will dress the axial direction of the grinding wheel 42 until the profile of the grinding wheel 42 meets the requirements. It should be noted that when radial dressing of the grinding wheel 42 is required, the movement of the first drive unit 51 and the second drive unit 52 is similar to the above.

[0046] Step 3, Reset Processing: After the dressing is completed, the angle and radial position of the grinding wheel 42 have not changed, and the grinding process on the workpiece can be resumed directly.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before step two, an exit step is further included: the grinding wheel 42 is driven upward by the vertical moving mechanism 2 to exit the workpiece tooth groove, but the working angle of the rotating mechanism 3 remains unchanged; correspondingly, in the reset processing step, the grinding wheel 42 is driven downward by the vertical moving mechanism 2 to return to the grinding position.

[0048] In one embodiment, the radial position of the grinding wheel 42 relative to the workpiece and the working angle of the rotating mechanism 3 remain constant.

[0049] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the trimming roller 532 is driven to rotate by an independent drive source.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear grinding device, characterized in that, include Mounting base (1); A vertical moving mechanism (2) is mounted on a mounting base (1) and can move vertically along the axis; A rotating mechanism (3) is mounted on the vertical moving mechanism (2) and allows rotation along the vertical moving mechanism (2); The grinding mechanism (4) is mounted on the rotating mechanism (3) and includes a force output part (41) and a grinding wheel (42) located at the end of the force output part (41). The force output part (41) is configured to allow the grinding wheel (42) to rotate so that the grinding wheel (42) can grind the workpiece under the action of the vertical moving mechanism (2) and the rotating mechanism (3). It also includes a dressing mechanism (5) provided on the rotating mechanism (3) for dressing the grinding wheel (42), the grinding mechanism (4) also includes a receiving part (43) for receiving the force output part (41), the dressing mechanism (5) includes a first driving part (51) for connecting with the receiving part (43) and allowing the driving part (43) to move along it. And a second drive unit (52) perpendicular to the first drive unit (51), wherein a dressing unit (53) is provided on the second drive unit (52), the dressing unit (53) is configured to allow grinding of the grinding wheel (42) so that the dressing unit (53) is fed axially and radially relative to the grinding wheel (42) under the action of the first drive unit (51) and the second drive unit (52) to dress the desired profile of the grinding wheel (42).

2. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dressing section (53) includes a dressing spindle (531) and a dressing roller (532) rotatably mounted at the end of the dressing spindle (531), the dressing roller (532) being made of diamond.

3. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive unit (51) includes a fixed plate (511) fixed to the rotating mechanism (3), and a groove (512) is provided on the fixed plate (511). A lead screw (513) is rotatably arranged in the groove (512). The receiving part (43) is provided with a mating block (431), which is configured to be sleeved on the lead screw (513) and to cooperate with the lead screw (513) so that the receiving part (43) moves during the rotation of the lead screw (513). The first drive unit (51) also includes a motor (514) disposed on the fixed plate (511) and connected to the lead screw (513) for driving the lead screw (513) to rotate.

4. The gear grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed plate (511) is also provided with a guide rail (5111) extending therefrom, and the receiving part (43) also includes a groove (432) that cooperates with the guide rail (5111) to guide the movement of the receiving part (43).

5. The gear grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A connecting part (515) is also provided at an angle on the first drive part (51), and the second drive part (52) is connected to the connecting part (515). The trimming part (53) also includes a connecting seat (533) for connecting to the second drive part (52) and allowing the second drive part (52) to cooperate with each other. A receiving groove (5331) is provided on the connecting seat (533), and the trimming roller (532) is located in the receiving groove (5331) so that the receiving groove (5331) and the connecting part (515) together form a space for the trimming roller (532) to move.

6. The gear grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A groove (433) is also provided on the receiving part (43), which is configured to correspond to the grinding wheel (42) to form a space for the grinding wheel (42) to move.

7. A method for grinding a workpiece using a gear grinding apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Grinding Positioning: The grinding wheel (42) is positioned at the workpiece grinding position by the vertical moving mechanism (2) and the rotating mechanism (3), and the force output unit (41) is driven to rotate the grinding wheel (42) for grinding. Step 2, in-situ dressing: When the grinding wheel (42) needs dressing, keep the current working angle of the rotating mechanism (3) unchanged, and drive the dressing part (53) to perform a combined axial and radial motion relative to the grinding wheel (42) by controlling the first drive part (51) and the second drive part (52) to perform a combined axial and radial motion relative to the grinding wheel (42) to dress the profile of the grinding wheel (42); Step 3, Reset Processing: After the dressing is completed, the angle and radial position of the grinding wheel (42) have not changed, and the grinding process on the workpiece can be resumed directly.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before step two, the following is also included: Exit step: The grinding wheel (42) is driven to move upward through the vertical moving mechanism (2) to exit the workpiece tooth groove, but the working angle of the rotating mechanism (3) remains unchanged; Accordingly, in the reset processing step, the grinding wheel (42) is driven to move downwards and return to the grinding position by the vertical moving mechanism (2).

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Throughout the dressing process, the radial position of the grinding wheel (42) relative to the workpiece and the working angle of the rotating mechanism (3) remain constant.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the dressing process, the dressing roller (532) is driven to rotate by an independent drive source.

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