Power supply fault intelligent alarm device applied to vacuum contactor control cabinet

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power system protection, and discloses a power failure intelligent alarm device applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet, which comprises a control cabinet shell, a vacuum contactor device arranged in the cabinet and an intelligent alarm system arranged in a cabinet side shell, the intelligent alarm system comprises a detection unit, a control unit with a microcontroller as a core, a data memory, a communication module and a dual-core intelligent management system. The microcontroller judges that the power supply voltage is continuously lower than a threshold value to realize fault cut-off; after a reset instruction is received, reset authorization judgment is executed according to the current voltage value, the high voltage duration time and the voltage recovery slope, and repeated closing when the power supply is unstable is prevented. And meanwhile, the dual-core intelligent management system periodically performs self-diagnosis and records health parameters with timestamps, calculates a device degradation rate by analyzing historical data, and generates a predictive maintenance early warning signal when the rate exceeds a limit so as to activate a linkage safety strategy until manual maintenance is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system protection technology, specifically to an intelligent alarm device for power faults applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum contactors are key actuators in medium- and high-voltage power systems, performing frequent switching operations. Their reliability directly impacts the stability and safety of the entire power system. Therefore, vacuum contactor control cabinets are typically equipped with protective devices to prevent damage to the contactor itself and downstream load equipment caused by power failures (especially undervoltage or loss of voltage).

[0003] Existing protection devices used in vacuum contactor control cabinets mostly employ undervoltage release devices or electronic relays with integrated basic protection functions. These devices can effectively monitor the supply voltage, and when the voltage value falls below a preset tripping threshold, they output a signal to disconnect the operating coil circuit of the vacuum contactor, causing the contactor to open, thus achieving basic undervoltage protection. However, these conventional protection devices have technical limitations in their operating logic and maintenance strategies. When the external power grid fault is cleared and the voltage begins to recover, the reset logic of these devices typically relies solely on whether the voltage value has risen above a certain fixed recovery threshold. This judgment method fails to assess the stability of the power recovery process. If the power grid is in a recovery phase involving voltage fluctuations or multiple transient changes, allowing the equipment to reset under these unstable conditions will cause the vacuum contactor to perform repeated, rapid closing and opening actions. Such actions will cause wear and tear on the contactor's mechanical structure and electrical life, and will also impact downstream electrical equipment.

[0004] Furthermore, the maintenance modes of existing protection devices are typically passive or based on fixed cycles. Maintenance is either performed after a definite failure occurs, leading to unplanned downtime; or preventative replacements are conducted at fixed intervals, resulting in premature replacement of still-functioning components or failure to detect prematurely deteriorated components. These devices generally lack the ability to perform online self-diagnosis of their critical components (such as input detection channels and output drive circuits) and quantify their long-term performance trends. Therefore, when a component within the device exhibits early signs of degradation but has not yet completely failed, the system cannot issue an early warning or proactively intervene to prevent the equipment from continuing to operate under potential failure risks, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent power fault alarm device for vacuum contactor control cabinets. It solves the problems of frequent false tripping due to the inability to distinguish transient voltage disturbances, lack of objective safety basis for resetting after power restoration, and the inability to predict the performance degradation of the device itself and link it with safety logic.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a power failure intelligent alarm device for a vacuum contactor control cabinet, comprising a control cabinet housing, a vacuum contactor device disposed inside the control cabinet housing, an intelligent protection system disposed inside the vacuum contactor device for protecting the contactor and its controlled main circuit, an outer shell fixedly connected to the side of the control cabinet housing, an intelligent alarm system disposed inside the outer shell, and a dual-core intelligent management system disposed inside the intelligent alarm system for scheduling and managing all protection, diagnostic and early warning functions of the device; A water tank is fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell, and a circulating temperature regulating component is provided inside the water tank. Filter ventilation components are provided on the inner sides of both ends of the outer shell to assist the circulating temperature regulating component in achieving temperature diffusion inside the outer shell. The circulating temperature control component includes a water pump, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the water tank. The output end of the water pump is fixedly connected to a circulation pipe, and the other end of the circulation pipe is located inside the water tank. Multiple heating rods are fixedly connected to the inside of the water tank. A relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the heating rods, and the relay is fixedly connected to the top of the water tank.

[0007] Preferably, the filtration and ventilation assembly includes a fixed frame, which is fixedly connected to the side of the housing. A louver assembly is provided inside the fixed frame. A frame is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed frame. A silica gel desiccant layer is fixedly connected to the inside of the frame. Two filter screens are fixedly connected to the side of the frame. The two filter screens are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the silica gel desiccant layer. Two fan assemblies are fixedly connected to the side of the housing.

[0008] Preferably, the vacuum contactor device includes a support frame, which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the control cabinet housing. Two movable plates are slidably connected to the inner side of the support frame. Multiple data storage devices are provided inside the support frame and are respectively arranged on the sides of the two movable plates. Multiple fixed baffles are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and multiple vacuum contactors are respectively arranged between the multiple fixed baffles.

[0009] Preferably, the intelligent alarm system includes a detection unit, a control unit, an alarm unit, a power management unit, and a communication module: The detection unit includes a fixing plate, which is fixedly connected to the side of the control cabinet housing. A voltage detector, a phase sequence detector, and a current transformer are provided on the side of the fixing plate. The voltage detector, phase sequence detector, and current transformer are all electrically connected to the main circuit being monitored. A protective shell is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing plate. The control unit includes a microcontroller, which is disposed on the side of the protective housing. An analog-to-digital converter is disposed on the side of the microcontroller, and the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller. The control terminal of the relay is electrically connected to the output port of the microcontroller. The alarm unit includes a speaker device, which is disposed at the bottom of the housing; The power management unit includes a power supply device, a transformer, and a rectifier. The power supply device, the transformer, and the rectifier are all fixedly connected to the inside of the housing. The transformer and the rectifier are connected to the output terminal of the power supply device. The communication module includes a wireless receiver, which is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the housing. The output end of the wireless receiver is fixedly connected to two wireless transmitters, which are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing.

[0010] Preferably, the control cabinet housing has multiple door panels rotatably connected to its side, and two of the door panels have observation windows fixedly connected to their inner sides. The control cabinet housing also has multiple bases fixedly connected to its bottom.

[0011] Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to: A true power supply fault is determined by determining that the power supply voltage value collected by the detection unit is continuously lower than the preset undervoltage trip threshold and exceeds the preset fault confirmation delay time. In response to the actual power failure, a fault flag bit is generated, and a control signal is output to cut off the power supply circuit of the vacuum contactor operating coil; Maintain the disconnected state of the power supply circuit.

[0012] Preferably, the microcontroller is further configured to: After receiving a reset command via the communication module, a reset authorization check is performed. The conditions for passing the reset authorization check include: The current power supply voltage is higher than the preset safe recovery threshold, the duration of high voltage meets the preset stable recovery duration, and the voltage change rate during the power recovery process is lower than the preset healthy recovery slope threshold throughout. After all the passing conditions are met, the fault flag is cleared to allow reset.

[0013] Preferably, the dual-core intelligent management system includes: The self-diagnostic module is used to periodically detect the operating status of the detection unit and the output drive circuit, and generate internal self-diagnostic health parameters. The data recording module is used to add timestamps to external power events, the result of the reset authorization judgment, the internal self-diagnostic health parameters and protection actions, and store the data with added timestamps in the data storage to form historical data.

[0014] Preferably, the microcontroller further performs the following steps: According to the preset health status analysis cycle, the historical data is retrieved from the data storage; A preset algorithm is used to model the trend of the internal self-diagnostic health parameter sequence in the historical data, and the degradation rate characterizing the changes in device performance is calculated. When the calculated degradation rate exceeds the preset degradation trend warning threshold, a predictive maintenance warning signal is generated and issued.

[0015] Preferably, the dual-core intelligent management system is further configured to send the predictive maintenance early warning signal to the intelligent protection system via the communication module. The intelligent protection system is configured to activate a linkage security strategy upon receiving the predictive maintenance early warning signal, wherein the linkage security strategy prevents subsequent reset authorization judgments.

[0016] This invention provides an intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet. It has the following advantages: 1. This invention establishes a reset authorization judgment process that includes three independent conditions. Before allowing a reset, the microcontroller must check the current power supply voltage value, the duration of the high voltage, and the slope of the voltage recovery process. This prevents the vacuum contactor from closing before the power supply has been stably restored, thereby reducing the electrical and mechanical shocks to the contactor and controlled equipment caused by repeated closing.

[0017] 2. This invention generates health parameters through periodic self-diagnosis and stores these parameters with timestamps in a data storage device. The microcontroller performs trend modeling on historical data, calculates the device degradation rate, and generates predictive maintenance warning signals based on the calculation results. This allows maintenance activities to be scheduled according to the actual technical condition of the equipment, replacing post-failure repairs or fixed-cycle preventive maintenance.

[0018] 3. This invention incorporates a linked safety strategy. Upon receiving a predictive maintenance warning signal, the intelligent protection system activates this strategy, forcibly preventing subsequent reset authorization judgment processes. This ensures that once the system determines there is a risk of deterioration, the equipment cannot be restored to operation by operators through conventional commands; the lock can only be released after maintenance is completed, thereby preventing the equipment from operating with defects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control cabinet housing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulating temperature control component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of each unit of the intelligent alarm system of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vacuum contactor device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection unit structure of the intelligent alarm system of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter ventilation assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the real-time fault protection process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the intelligent safety reset of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the self-diagnosis and data recording process of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Control cabinet housing; 2. Door panel; 3. Observation window; 4. Base; 5. Outer shell; 6. Water tank; 7. Relay; 8. Speaker equipment; 9. Movable plate; 10. Support frame; 11. Data storage device; 12. Fixed baffle; 13. Vacuum contactor; 14. Protective shell; 15. Louver assembly; 16. Power supply equipment; 17. Transformer; 18. Heating rod; 19. Fixed frame; 20. Circulation pipe; 21. Water pump; 22. Wireless transmitter; 23. Wireless receiver; 24. Filter screen; 25. Fixed plate; 26. Frame; 27. Rectifier; 28. Microcontroller; 29. ​​Analog-to-digital converter; 30. Fan assembly; 31. Voltage detector; 32. Phase sequence detector; 33. Current transformer; 34. Silica gel desiccant layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 8 This invention provides a power failure intelligent alarm device for a vacuum contactor control cabinet, including a control cabinet housing 1, a vacuum contactor device inside the control cabinet housing 1, an intelligent protection system inside the vacuum contactor device for protecting the contactor and its controlled main circuit, an outer shell 5 fixedly connected to the side of the control cabinet housing 1, an intelligent alarm system inside the outer shell 5, and a dual-core intelligent management system inside the intelligent alarm system for scheduling and managing all protection, diagnostic and early warning functions of the device; A water tank 6 is fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell 5. A circulating temperature control component is provided inside the water tank 6. Filter ventilation components are provided on the inner sides of both ends of the outer shell 5 to assist the circulating temperature control component in achieving temperature diffusion inside the outer shell 5. The circulating temperature control component includes a water pump 21, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the water tank 6. The output end of the water pump 21 is fixedly connected to a circulation pipe 20, and the other end of the circulation pipe 20 is located inside the water tank 6. Multiple heating rods 18 are fixedly connected to the inside of the water tank 6. A relay 7 is connected in series in the circuit that powers the heating rods 18. The relay 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the water tank 6.

[0023] Specifically, the vacuum contactor device is used to control the on / off state of the main circuit. For details on vacuum contactors, please refer to the attached document. Figure 2 , attached Figure 2 The overall structure consists of a vacuum contactor device; an intelligent protection system is used to monitor and protect the vacuum contactor device and its controlled main circuit in real time, and the intelligent protection system is installed in structure 13 of the vacuum contactor device; the outer shell 5 is used to house and protect the internal intelligent alarm system and circulating temperature control components; the dual-core intelligent management system is used to schedule and manage all protection, diagnostic and early warning functions to achieve intelligent fault handling; the water tank 6 is used to store liquid and provide temperature control medium for the circulating temperature control components; the circulating temperature control components are used to heat the liquid in the water tank 6 in a low-temperature environment and transport it through the circulating pipe 20, thereby regulating the temperature inside the outer shell 5 and ensuring the stable operation of the overall device; the filter ventilation component is used to filter the gas entering from the outside and assist the heat generated by the circulating temperature control components to diffuse evenly inside the outer shell 5; the water pump 21 is used to provide power for the circulating flow of liquid in the circulating pipe 20; the circulating pipe 20 is used to construct the liquid circulation path; the relay 7 acts as an electronic control switch, used to connect or disconnect the circuit that supplies power to the heating rod 18 according to the control signal output by the microcontroller 28; the heating rod 18 is used to convert electrical energy into heat energy to heat the liquid in the water tank 6.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 7The filtration and ventilation assembly includes a fixed frame 19, which is fixedly connected to the side of the housing 5. A louver assembly 15 is provided inside the fixed frame 19. A frame 26 is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed frame 19. A silica gel desiccant layer 34 is fixedly connected to the inside of the frame 26. Two filters 24 are fixedly connected to the side of the frame 26. The two filters 24 are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the silica gel desiccant layer 34. Two fan assemblies 30 are fixedly connected to the side of the housing 5.

[0025] Specifically, the fixed frame 19 provides a stable mounting structure for the louver assembly 15 and the frame 26; the louver assembly 15 allows airflow while initially blocking larger external objects, and its rotating component is located inside the fixed frame 19, while the blades of the louver assembly 15 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 19. The blades of the louver assembly 15 rotate under the control of the drive system and fit against the side of the fixed frame 19, thus achieving effective sealing when the louver assembly 15 is closed; the frame 26 secures the silica gel desiccant layer 34 and the filter 24; the silica gel desiccant layer 34 absorbs moisture from the incoming air, keeping the inside of the outer casing 5 dry; the filter 24 filters fine dust and impurities in the airflow to ensure the cleanliness of the air entering the outer casing 5; the fan assembly 30 provides power to drive airflow between the inside and outside, thereby assisting the circulating temperature control component in achieving temperature diffusion and regulation inside the outer casing 5.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 6 The vacuum contactor device includes a support frame 10, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the control cabinet housing 1. Two movable plates 9 are slidably connected to the inside of the support frame 10. Multiple data storage devices 11 are provided inside the support frame 10 and are respectively arranged on the sides of the two movable plates 9. Multiple fixed baffles 12 are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 10, and multiple vacuum contactors 13 are respectively arranged between the multiple fixed baffles 12.

[0027] Specifically, the movable plate 9 is used to carry the data storage device 11, and its sliding connection design facilitates the installation and maintenance of the data storage device 11; the data storage device 11 is used to store the operating status data, fault records and configuration parameters of the intelligent protection system of the vacuum contactor 13, providing data support for the diagnosis and early warning functions of the intelligent alarm system for power failure applied to the vacuum contactor control cabinet; the fixed baffle 12 is used to separate and fix multiple vacuum contactors 13 to ensure that they maintain a safe distance from each other and prevent mutual interference; the vacuum contactor 13, as the core actuator, is used to quickly connect and disconnect the main circuit in the vacuum interrupter chamber to achieve reliable control of the circuit.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 2 -Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 7 The intelligent alarm system includes a detection unit, a control unit, an alarm unit, a power management unit, and a communication module. The detection unit includes a fixing plate 25, which is fixedly connected to the side of the control cabinet housing 1. A voltage detector 31, a phase sequence detector 32 and a current transformer 33 are provided on the side of the fixing plate 25. The voltage detector 31, the phase sequence detector 32 and the current transformer 33 are all electrically connected to the main circuit being monitored. A protective shell 14 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing plate 25. The control unit includes a microcontroller 28, which is disposed on the side of the protective housing 14. An analog-to-digital converter 29 is disposed on the side of the microcontroller 28 and is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller 28. The alarm unit includes a speaker device 8, which is located at the bottom of the housing 5; The power management unit includes a power supply device 16, a transformer 17, and a rectifier 27. The power supply device 16, the transformer 17, and the rectifier 27 are all fixedly connected to the inside of the housing 5. The transformer 17 and the rectifier 27 are connected to the output terminal of the power supply device 16. The communication module includes a wireless receiver 23, which is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the housing 5. The output end of the wireless receiver 23 is fixedly connected to two wireless transmitters 22, which are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing 5.

[0029] Specifically, the detection unit is used to monitor the power status of the vacuum contactor control cabinet in real time; the control unit is used to process the data collected by the detection unit and make fault judgments; the alarm unit is used to issue an alarm when a fault occurs; the power management unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the entire alarm device; and the communication module is used to realize remote alarm and data transmission. The mounting plate 25 is used to provide a centralized mounting platform for the voltage detector 31, phase sequence detector 32, and current transformer 33; the voltage detector 31 is used to monitor whether the voltage of the power line is abnormal in real time; the phase sequence detector 32 is used to determine whether the phase sequence of the three-phase power supply is correct; the current transformer 33 is used to collect the current signal in the circuit; and the protective shell 14 is used to protect the internal components of the detection unit and control unit from the influence of the external environment.

[0030] The microcontroller 28, as the core of the control unit, is used to analyze and process data, determine faults, and issue control commands; the analog-to-digital converter 29 is used to convert the analog signals collected by the detection unit into digital signals that the microcontroller 28 can process.

[0031] The speaker device 8 is used to issue an audible alarm to alert on-site personnel after the microcontroller 28 detects a fault.

[0032] The power supply device 16 provides working power for the entire intelligent alarm system; the transformer 17 is used to transform the power supply voltage to adapt to the voltage requirements of different modules; the rectifier 27 is used to convert AC power into DC power to supply electronic components that require DC power.

[0033] The wireless receiver 23 is used to receive remote commands or signals; the wireless transmitter 22 is used to wirelessly transmit the device's status information or alarm signals to the monitoring center or a designated receiving end.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The control cabinet housing 1 has multiple door panels 2 rotatably connected to its side, and observation windows 3 are fixedly connected to the inner side of each of the two door panels 2. The control cabinet housing 1 has multiple bases 4 fixedly connected to its bottom.

[0035] Specifically, the door panel 2 is used to open and close the control cabinet housing 1, facilitating the inspection and maintenance of the internal vacuum contactor device by the staff, and effectively blocking external dust and debris when closed; the observation window 3 is used to allow the staff to observe the operating status of the internal components of the control cabinet housing 1 in real time without opening the door panel 2; the base 4 is used to support the weight of the entire control cabinet housing 1 and effectively isolate the cabinet from the ground, thus playing a role in moisture prevention.

[0036] This invention provides an intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet, the hardware configuration and connection relationship of which are as follows.

[0037] The system hardware of this invention is built around a control unit. The control unit includes a microcontroller 28 and an analog-to-digital converter 29. The microcontroller 28 serves as the system's computational and control core, configured to execute the intelligent protection and management algorithms detailed in subsequent chapters. The input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 29 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the detection unit, and the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 29 is electrically connected to the input port of the microcontroller 28, used to convert the acquired analog signals into digital signals for processing by the microcontroller 28.

[0038] The detection unit is used to acquire operating status information of the external power grid and the system itself. The detection unit includes a voltage detector 31, a phase sequence detector 32, and a current transformer 33. All three are electrically connected to the monitored main circuit. The overall signal output of the detection unit is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter 29, providing the microcontroller 28 with the basic data required to determine power supply faults.

[0039] Multiple data storage units 11 within the vacuum contactor device are connected to the data bus of the microcontroller 28. The data storage units 11 are non-volatile storage media used to persistently store historical data generated by the microcontroller 28, including external power events, internal self-diagnostic health parameters, protection actions, and reset authorization judgment results.

[0040] The communication module is used to enable information exchange between the microcontroller 28 and external devices or internal system logic units. The communication module includes a wireless receiver 23 and a wireless transmitter 22, both of which are connected to the communication interface of the microcontroller 28. The wireless receiver 23 is used to receive externally transmitted reset commands, and the wireless transmitter 22 is used to send predictive maintenance warning signals.

[0041] The output port of microcontroller 28 is connected to the operating coil power supply circuit of vacuum contactor 13 through an output drive circuit. This connection enables microcontroller 28 to precisely control the on / off state of the operating coil power supply circuit based on an internally generated fault flag, thereby performing a cut-off or reset operation.

[0042] The aforementioned hardware units, through stable electrical connections and communication links, together form the physical basis for executing the intelligent protection and management functions of this invention, enabling the microcontroller 28 to interact and control the output circuit based on the data obtained from the detection unit, combined with the historical information in the data storage 11, and through the communication module.

[0043] See attached document Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating real-time fault protection according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intelligent protection system of the present invention, in which the real-time fault protection workflow is executed by microcontroller 28, is as follows.

[0044] In a continuous loop, the microcontroller 28 acquires the digital value of the power supply voltage, which is collected and converted by the detection unit, through the analog-to-digital converter 29 at a preset sampling period, denoted as... .

[0045] In each sampling cycle, the microcontroller 28 will acquire the current power supply voltage value. With an undervoltage tripping threshold preset in non-volatile memory Compare them.

[0046] like The microcontroller 28 uses an internal fault duration timer. Reset to zero and continue voltage monitoring for the next sampling cycle.

[0047] like The microcontroller 28 starts or increments the fault duration timer. Subsequently, the microcontroller 28 will The current value and a preset fault confirmation delay time Compare them.

[0048] If and only if When the conditions are met, the microcontroller 28 determines that the current power supply state is a real power supply fault. This determination is the sole trigger condition for subsequent protection actions.

[0049] Upon determining a genuine power supply failure, the microcontroller 28 immediately generates and sets a fault flag in its internal register or memory. Once set, this fault flag will not be automatically cleared until a valid reset command is received and a reset authorization check is completed.

[0050] Following the setting of the fault flag bit, the microcontroller 28 outputs a specific control signal to the output drive circuit through its port. This control signal is used to cut off the power supply circuit of the operating coil of the vacuum contactor 13.

[0051] The microcontroller 28 will continuously output this control signal to maintain the disconnected state of the operating coil power supply circuit until the fault flag is cleared by a subsequent reset procedure. This process ensures that the vacuum contactor 13 is in a defined open state in the event of a fault.

[0052] See attached document Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a flowchart of an intelligent safety reset process according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intelligent protection system of the present invention, wherein the intelligent safety reset process is executed by a microcontroller 28, as detailed below.

[0053] After the fault flag is set, the microcontroller 28 listens for externally sent reset commands through the communication module, specifically the wireless receiver 23.

[0054] When a reset command is received, the microcontroller 28 initiates a reset authorization determination process. This process includes checking three independent preset conditions.

[0055] First condition check: Microcontroller 28 continuously monitors the current power supply voltage value. and compare it with a preset safe recovery threshold. Compare them. The criterion for satisfying this condition is: .

[0056] The second conditional check: In Once the conditions are met, the microcontroller 28 starts a stable duration timer. The current value of this timer is then compared with a preset stable recovery duration. A comparison is performed. This condition is met when the timer value is greater than or equal to... .

[0057] The third conditional check: After the power supply recovers from the fault state... In the above process, the microcontroller 28 continuously acquires voltage values ​​at a high-frequency sampling period. For any two adjacent sampling points, the microcontroller 28 calculates the instantaneous voltage change rate, i.e., the recovery slope. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ; in, For at a certain point in time The calculated recovery slope; At the current sampling time point The measured voltage value; For the previous sampling time point The measured voltage value; This is the current sampling time point; This refers to the previous sampling time point.

[0058] The microcontroller 28 will calculate the recovery slope With a preset health recovery slope threshold The comparison is performed. This condition is satisfied when all calculated values ​​are within the entire voltage recovery process. The values ​​are all less than .

[0059] The microcontroller 28 only determines a reset authorization if all three conditions mentioned above are met. After determining a reset authorization, the microcontroller 28 clears the fault flags stored internally.

[0060] After the fault flag is cleared, the microcontroller 28 stops outputting the control signal used to cut off the power supply circuit of the operating coil, thereby allowing the vacuum contactor 13 to return to the closed state under external operation. If any condition is not met during the judgment process, the fault flag will remain set, and the power supply circuit of the operating coil of the vacuum contactor 13 will also remain cut off.

[0061] See attached document Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the self-diagnosis and data recording process according to an embodiment of the present invention. The self-diagnosis and data recording functions of the dual-core intelligent management system of the present invention are executed by a microcontroller 28, specifically including a self-diagnosis module a and a data recording module b.

[0062] The self-diagnostic module a executes a self-diagnostic program according to a preset cycle. When diagnosing the detection unit, the microcontroller 28 switches the output of an internal precision reference voltage source to the input channel of the analog-to-digital converter 29 via an internal analog switch, reads the converted digital value, and compares it with the theoretical digital value of the reference voltage. The difference serves as an internal self-diagnostic health parameter characterizing the state of the detection unit's input channel. When diagnosing the output drive circuit, the microcontroller 28 leads a feedback line from the end of the output drive circuit to an input pin of the microcontroller 28. Under safe conditions without driving the vacuum contactor 13, a test level is sent to the output drive circuit, and the level of the feedback line is read. The consistency or inconsistency between the sent and feedback levels is quantified as another internal self-diagnostic health parameter.

[0063] Data logging module b is used to format and store key events during system operation into data storage 11. When an event that needs to be recorded occurs, data logging module b first obtains the current timestamp from the internal real-time clock unit of microcontroller 28.

[0064] Subsequently, data logging module b combines the timestamp with the event information into a structured data record. The recorded event information includes: external power events, such as events determined to be actual power failures; the results of reset authorization judgments, such as events where reset is successful or reset fails due to a specific condition not being met; internal self-diagnostic health parameters generated by self-diagnostic module a; and protection actions, such as events where microcontroller 28 issues a command to cut off the power supply circuit to the operation coil.

[0065] Finally, data recording module b writes the generated structured data records, which include timestamps and event information, to a designated address in data storage 11 via the data bus. Multiple writes of these data records form historical data arranged chronologically in data storage 11, which can then be retrieved and analyzed by subsequent predictive maintenance processes.

[0066] The dual-core intelligent management system of the present invention has a predictive maintenance workflow executed by the microcontroller 28, as detailed below.

[0067] The microcontroller 28 automatically initiates the predictive maintenance analysis process according to a preset health status analysis cycle stored in non-volatile memory.

[0068] After the process is initiated, the microcontroller 28 retrieves historical data from the data storage 11. Specifically, the retrieved data is a sequence of internally self-diagnostic health parameters with timestamps, generated by the self-diagnostic module a over multiple past diagnostic cycles.

[0069] The microcontroller 28 uses a preset trend modeling algorithm, such as linear regression analysis, to process the extracted health parameter sequence in order to calculate the degradation rate characterizing the changes in device performance. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ; in, The calculated degradation rate; This represents the total number of data points in the extracted historical data sequence. For the first Timestamps of each data point; For timestamp The corresponding internal self-diagnostic health parameter values; To achieve a sum.

[0070] The degradation rate was calculated. Then, the microcontroller 28 compares it with a preset degradation trend warning threshold. Compare them.

[0071] If and only if The absolute value exceeds the warning threshold for deterioration trend. At this point, the microcontroller 28 determines that there is a potential risk of performance degradation. Based on this determination, the microcontroller 28 generates a predictive maintenance warning signal in a specific format.

[0072] Under this determination, the microcontroller 28 generates a predictive maintenance warning signal and directly sets a linkage safety flag bit in its internal memory so that the system can execute the linkage safety strategy.

[0073] The system linkage security strategy of the present invention is implemented as follows.

[0074] After the dual-core intelligent management system determines that there is a potential risk of performance degradation based on the aforementioned process, and the microcontroller 28 directly sets the linkage safety flag bit in its internal memory, the linkage safety strategy is activated.

[0075] The setting of this linked safety flag directly affects the aforementioned intelligent safety reset process. Before the microcontroller 28 receives an external reset command and prepares to perform a reset authorization judgment, a pre-check step is added.

[0076] The pre-check step is as follows: read the status of the linkage safety flag. If the flag is in the set state, the microcontroller 28 will stop executing all subsequent reset authorization judgment condition checks, including checks on the current power supply voltage value, the duration of high voltage, and the voltage change rate during the power recovery process.

[0077] Therefore, when the linkage safety strategy is activated, the fault flag will not be cleared even if the external power supply has been stably restored and a reset command has been received. The microcontroller 28 will continue to maintain the disconnected power supply circuit to the operating coil of the vacuum contactor 13 until the linkage safety flag is reset through external maintenance.

[0078] Working Principle: The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to the vacuum contactor control cabinet consists of a vacuum contactor device installed inside the control cabinet housing 1 and a casing 5 fixed to the side of the control cabinet housing 1. The intelligent protection system is located inside the vacuum contactor device, and the intelligent alarm system is located inside the casing 5. The dual-core intelligent management system is located inside the intelligent alarm system.

[0079] The internal environment of housing 5 is regulated by a circulating temperature control assembly and a filter ventilation assembly. A power management unit provides operating power to the heating rod 18, and a relay 7 is connected in series in this power supply circuit and controlled by a microcontroller 28. When heating is required, the microcontroller 28 drives the relay 7 to close, allowing power to flow from the power source to the heating rod 18. The heating rod 18 heats the water in the water tank 6. A water pump 21 drives the heated water to circulate within the circulation pipe 20, exchanging heat with the air inside housing 5. The fan assembly 30 of the filter ventilation assembly drives the air, which flows sequentially through the louver assembly 15, the filter 24, and the silica gel desiccant layer 34. The filter 24 removes particulate matter, and the silica gel desiccant layer 34 removes moisture. The treated air circulates within housing 5.

[0080] The voltage detector 31, phase sequence detector 32, and current transformer 33 of the detection unit collect the electrical parameters of the main circuit and output analog signals. The analog-to-digital converter 29 receives these analog signals and converts them into digital signals, which are then sent to the microcontroller 28. The microcontroller 28 receives the digital signals and performs calculations according to its internal preset program logic, generating control signals. These control signals control the opening and closing of the power supply circuit of the vacuum contactor 13's operating coil, or drive the speaker device 8 to emit sound signals. The wireless receiver 23 in the communication module receives external commands. The wireless transmitter 22 sends status or warning signals to external devices or systems. The system's operating power is provided by a power management unit consisting of a power supply device 16, a transformer 17, and a rectifier 27.

[0081] The microcontroller 28 continuously compares the power supply voltage value obtained from the analog-to-digital converter 29 with a preset undervoltage trip threshold. When the voltage value remains below the preset threshold for a period exceeding a preset fault confirmation delay time, the microcontroller 28 sets a fault flag in its internal memory and outputs a control signal to cut off the power supply circuit to the operating coil of the vacuum contactor 13. Upon receiving a reset command transmitted via the wireless receiver 23, the microcontroller 28 performs a reset authorization check. The reset authorization check includes three parallel condition checks. The first condition is that the current power supply voltage value is higher than a preset safe recovery threshold. The second condition is that the duration of the state satisfying the first condition meets a preset stable recovery duration. The third condition is that the rate of change of voltage during the power supply voltage recovery process is lower than a preset healthy recovery slope threshold throughout. When all three conditions are met, the microcontroller 28 clears the fault flag and stops outputting the cut-off signal.

[0082] The self-diagnostic module of the dual-core intelligent management system periodically detects the status of the detection unit and the output drive circuit, generating internal self-diagnostic health parameters. The data recording module adds timestamps to power events, reset authorization judgment results, internal self-diagnostic health parameters, and protection actions, and stores the data in the data storage 11 to form historical data. The microcontroller 28 extracts the health parameter sequence from the historical data at a preset period and calculates the degradation rate of this sequence using a preset algorithm. When the calculated value of the degradation rate exceeds the preset degradation trend warning threshold, the microcontroller 28 sets a linkage safety flag bit in its internal memory. Since the microcontroller 28 is also responsible for executing the reset authorization judgment, the existence of this flag bit will directly prevent the microcontroller 28 from checking the reset condition, thereby maintaining the disconnected state of the power supply circuit of the vacuum contactor 13 operating coil.

Claims

1. A power fault intelligent alarm device applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet, characterized in that, include: The control cabinet housing (1) is equipped with a vacuum contactor device inside the control cabinet housing (1). The vacuum contactor device is equipped with an intelligent protection system inside the vacuum contactor device, which is used to protect the contactor and its controlled main circuit. The control cabinet housing (1) is fixedly connected to a shell (5) on the side. The shell (5) is equipped with an intelligent alarm system inside the shell. The intelligent alarm system is equipped with a dual-core intelligent management system inside the shell. The dual-core intelligent management system is used to schedule and manage all protection, diagnosis and early warning functions of the overall device. A water tank (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell (5). A circulating temperature control component is provided inside the water tank (6). Filter ventilation components are provided on the inner sides of both ends of the outer shell (5) to assist the circulating temperature control component in achieving temperature diffusion inside the outer shell (5). The circulating temperature control assembly includes a water pump (21), which is fixedly connected to the inside of the water tank (6). The output end of the water pump (21) is fixedly connected to a circulation pipe (20), and the other end of the circulation pipe (20) is located inside the water tank (6). Multiple heating rods (18) are fixedly connected to the inside of the water tank (6). A relay (7) is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the heating rods (18), and the relay (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the water tank (6).

2. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration and ventilation assembly includes a fixed frame (19), which is fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell (5). A louver assembly (15) is provided inside the fixed frame (19). A frame (26) is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed frame (19). A silica gel desiccant layer (34) is fixedly connected to the inside of the frame (26). Two filters (24) are fixedly connected to the side of the frame (26). The two filters (24) are fixedly connected to both sides of the silica gel desiccant layer (34). Two fan assemblies (30) are fixedly connected to the side of the outer shell (5).

3. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum contactor device includes a support frame (10), which is fixedly connected to the inner side of the control cabinet housing (1). Two movable plates (9) are slidably connected to the inner side of the support frame (10). Multiple data storage devices (11) are provided inside the support frame (10). The multiple data storage devices (11) are respectively arranged on the sides of the two movable plates (9). Multiple fixed baffles (12) are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (10). Multiple vacuum contactors (13) are respectively arranged between the multiple fixed baffles (12).

4. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent alarm system includes a detection unit, a control unit, an alarm unit, a power management unit, and a communication module. The detection unit includes a fixing plate (25), which is fixedly connected to the side of the control cabinet housing (1). A voltage detector (31), a phase sequence detector (32), and a current transformer (33) are provided on the side of the fixing plate (25). The voltage detector (31), the phase sequence detector (32), and the current transformer (33) are all electrically connected to the main circuit being monitored. A protective shell (14) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing plate (25). The control unit includes a microcontroller (28), which is disposed on the side of the protective shell (14). An analog-to-digital converter (29) is disposed on the side of the microcontroller (28). The analog-to-digital converter (29) is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller (28). The control terminal of the relay (7) is electrically connected to the output port of the microcontroller (28). The alarm unit includes a speaker device (8), which is disposed at the bottom of the housing (5); The power management unit includes a power supply device (16), a transformer (17) and a rectifier (27). The power supply device (16), the transformer (17) and the rectifier (27) are all fixedly connected to the inside of the housing (5). The transformer (17) and the rectifier (27) are connected to the output terminal of the power supply device (16). The communication module includes a wireless receiver (23), which is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the housing (5). The output end of the wireless receiver (23) is fixedly connected to two wireless transmitters (22), which are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing (5).

5. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control cabinet housing (1) has multiple door panels (2) rotatably connected to its side. Each of the two door panels (2) has an observation window (3) fixedly connected to its inner side. The control cabinet housing (1) has multiple bases (4) fixedly connected to its bottom.

6. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The microcontroller (28) is configured to: A true power supply fault is determined by determining that the power supply voltage value collected by the detection unit is continuously lower than the preset undervoltage trip threshold and exceeds the preset fault confirmation delay time. In response to the actual power failure, a fault flag bit is generated, and a control signal is output to cut off the power supply circuit of the operating coil of the vacuum contactor (13); Maintain the disconnected state of the power supply circuit.

7. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The microcontroller (28) is also configured to: After receiving a reset command via the communication module, a reset authorization check is performed. The conditions for passing the reset authorization check include: The current power supply voltage is higher than the preset safe recovery threshold, the duration of high voltage meets the preset stable recovery duration, and the voltage change rate during the power recovery process is lower than the preset healthy recovery slope threshold throughout. After all the passing conditions are met, the fault flag is cleared to allow reset.

8. The intelligent alarm device for power failure applied to a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dual-core intelligent management system includes: The self-diagnostic module is used to periodically detect the operating status of the detection unit and the output drive circuit, and generate internal self-diagnostic health parameters. The data recording module is used to add timestamps to external power events, the result of the reset authorization judgment, the internal self-diagnostic health parameters and protection actions, and store the data with added timestamps into the data storage (11) to form historical data.

9. A power fault intelligent alarm device for a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The microcontroller (28) also performs the following steps: According to the preset health status analysis cycle, the historical data is extracted from the data storage (11); A preset algorithm is used to model the trend of the internal self-diagnostic health parameter sequence in the historical data, and the degradation rate characterizing the changes in device performance is calculated. When the calculated degradation rate exceeds the preset degradation trend warning threshold, a predictive maintenance warning signal is generated and issued.

10. A power fault intelligent alarm device for a vacuum contactor control cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that, The dual-core intelligent management system is also used to send the predictive maintenance early warning signal to the intelligent protection system via the communication module. The intelligent protection system is configured to activate a linkage security strategy after receiving the predictive maintenance early warning signal. The linkage security strategy is to prevent the subsequent reset authorization judgment.

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