Grease composition of formula food suitable for treating muscle attenuation of old people

Abstract

The invention relates to a grease composition suitable for old people muscle attenuation formula food, and belongs to the field of old people formula food. According to fatty acid composition of the grease composition, medium-chain fatty acid accounts for 25%-40% of the total fatty acid mass and accounts for 50%-99% of the total medium-chain fatty acid mass in a ratio of 8: 0, long-chain saturated fatty acid accounts for 5%-15% of the total fatty acid mass, monounsaturated fatty acid accounts for 25%-60% of the total fatty acid mass, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid accounts for 5%-15% of the total fatty acid mass, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid accounts for 10%-40% of the total fatty acid mass. The ratio of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid to the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is (1-4): 1, and the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid accounts for 5-10% of the total fatty acid by mass. In the triglyceride composition of the grease composition, medium-chain and long-chain triglyceride accounts for 60%-90% of the total triglyceride, and the ratio of (MML + LML) / (MML + MLM) is (1-2): 1. By optimizing the composition and structure of the fat composition, the fat composition is suitable for the lipid nutrient requirements of the old people, is beneficial to digestion and absorption of the old people, and improves the muscle quality of the old people. The technical scheme is simple, economical, safe and suitable for industrial production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and fat, in particular to an oil and fat composition suitable for a formula food for old people with muscle attenuation. BACKGROUND

[0005] Currently, the research and development of formula food suitable for old people with muscle attenuation syndrome is still in its infancy, and most studies are based only on protein components, ignoring the important role of fat composition in energy supply and improving protein metabolism. Abbott Laboratories has applied for a patent (Method of reducing muscle atrophy and / or promoting muscle regeneration) which provides an orally administered nutritional composition comprising at least one of protein, fat and carbohydrate, and bovine milk isolated exosomes comprising intact exosomes (PCT / US2021 / 027915). The fat source of the nutritional composition described in the patent is: algal oil, rapeseed oil, flaxseed oil, borage oil, safflower oil, high-oleic safflower oil, high gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), safflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, high-oleic sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, fractionated coconut oil, medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, palm olein, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and combinations of two or more thereof. This composition does not take into account the effect of triglyceride structure in addition to fatty acid composition on oil and fat digestion, absorption and energy supply. CN114304287A discloses the use of medium-chain triglycerides and other nutritional oils as fat components in medical formula food for muscle attenuation syndrome, but does not further explore the combination of medium-chain triglycerides. Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved in the art to develop an oil and fat composition suitable for formula food for old people with muscle attenuation, which is of great significance to improve the muscle mass and function of old people with muscle attenuation. SUMMARY

[0006]

Technical problem

[0007]

Technical solution

[0008] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the first objective of this invention is to provide an oil composition suitable for formula foods for elderly people with muscle atrophy, wherein the fatty acid composition of the oil composition is characterized as follows: Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) account for 11% to 40% of the total fatty acid mass, and the medium-chain fatty acids include one or more of 6:0, 8:0, 10:0 and 12:0. In long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), long-chain saturated fatty acids (SFA) account for 1% to 20% of the total fatty acid mass, long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) account for 10% to 60% of the total fatty acid mass, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) account for 10% to 55% of the total fatty acid mass. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is (1 to 4): 1.

[0009] The SFA includes one or more of 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0; the MUFA includes one or more of 14:1 n-5, 16:1 n-7, 17:1 n-7, 18:1 n-9, 20:1 n-9, and 24:1 n-9; and the PUFA includes n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-6 ​​long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Specifically, the n-3 PUFA includes one or more of 18:3 n-3, 20:5 n-3, 22:5 n-3, and 22:6 n-3, and the n-6 PUFA includes one or more of 18:2 n-6 and 20:4 n-6.

[0010] In terms of the triglyceride composition of the oil composition, medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT) account for 40% to 90% of the total triglycerides, and the ratio of triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups to triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups is (0.5~2):1.

[0011] Preferably, in the triglyceride composition of the oil composition, the ratio of triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups to triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups is (0.5~1):1.

[0012] The triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups include 1 (3)-long-chain fatty acid-2-long-chain fatty acid-3 (1)-medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides (MLL) and / or 1,3-dilong-chain fatty acid-2-medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides (LML).

[0013] The triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups include 1(3)-medium-chain fatty acid-2-medium-chain fatty acid-3(1)-long-chain fatty acid triglycerides (MML) and / or 1,3-di-medium-chain fatty acid-2-long-chain fatty acid triglycerides (MLM).

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups include MLL and / LML; the triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups include MML and MLM.

[0015] Furthermore, in the oil composition, medium-chain fatty acids account for 25% to 40% of the total fatty acids by weight, and 8:0 accounts for 50% to 99% of the total medium-chain fatty acids by weight. Furthermore, the long-chain saturated fatty acids account for 5% to 20% of the total fatty acids by weight; the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids account for 15% to 60% of the total fatty acids by weight; and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 15% to 55% of the total fatty acids by weight. Furthermore, the long-chain saturated fatty acids account for 5% to 15% of the total fatty acids by weight; the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids account for 25% to 60% of the total fatty acids by weight; and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 15% to 55% of the total fatty acids by weight. Furthermore, the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 5% to 15% of the total fatty acid mass, and the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 10% to 40% of the total fatty acid mass. In the oil composition, the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is (1 to 4):1. In the oil composition, n-3 accounts for 5% to 10% of the total fatty acid mass. Furthermore, in the triglyceride composition of the oil composition, the medium- and long-chain triglycerides account for 50% to 90% of the total triglycerides by mass.

[0016] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing an oil and fat composition as described above, comprising the following steps: The oil composition is prepared by transesterification of oils derived from medium-chain fatty acids and oils derived from long-chain fatty acids using chemical or enzymatic methods. Furthermore, the oil composition is prepared by enzymatic transesterification; Furthermore, the conditions for preparing the oil composition by enzymatic transesterification are as follows: oils derived from medium-chain fatty acids and oils derived from long-chain fatty acids are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(1~2), and lipase is added at a mass ratio of 6% to 12% of the reaction substrate in a solvent-free system. The transesterification reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50 to 70°C for 4 to 12 hours. Furthermore, the lipase used in the enzymatic transesterification preparation of the oil composition includes one or more of the following: immobilized enzyme DF IM, NS40086, Lipozyme TL IM, Lipozyme RM, Lipozyme 435, and Novozym 435.

[0017] Furthermore, the sources of the medium-chain fatty acids include one or more of MCT, palm kernel oil, and coconut oil; the sources of the long-chain fatty acids include one or more of soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, tea oil, olive oil, flaxseed oil, fish oil, and algae oil.

[0018] Furthermore, the reaction feedstocks, by weight percentage, consist of 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% rapeseed oil, and 5%–20% fish oil. Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% olive oil, and 5%–20% fish oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% tea oil, and 5%–20% fish oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% rapeseed oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% olive oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% tea oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0–20% soybean oil, 0–20% corn oil, 0–15% palm oil, 0–50% rapeseed oil, 0–50% sunflower oil, 0–50% tea oil, 0–50% olive oil, 0–10% flaxseed oil, and 5–20% fish oil. Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0–20% soybean oil, 0–20% corn oil, 0–15% palm oil, 0–50% rapeseed oil, 0–50% sunflower seed oil, 0–50% tea oil, 0–50% olive oil, 0–10% flaxseed oil, and 5–20% algal oil.

[0019] In some embodiments, the MCT includes one or more of tricaprylic acid glyceride, 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, or tricaprylic acid glyceride.

[0020] In some embodiments, the MCT, based on the total mass of medium-chain triglycerides, includes 5% to 95% tricaprylic acid glyceride, 5% to 75% 1,2-octanoic acid-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 5% to 75% 1-octanoic acid-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 5% to 75% tridecanoic acid glyceride. In some embodiments, the MCT, based on the total mass of medium-chain triglycerides, comprises 15% to 35% tricaprylic acid glyceride, 25% to 55% 1,2-octanoic acid-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 25% to 55% 1-octanoic acid-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 15% to 35% tridecanoic acid glyceride. Preferably, the MCT comprises, by total mass of MCT, 15%–25% tricaprylic acid glyceride, 25%–45% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 25%–45% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 15%–25% tridecanoic acid glyceride.

[0021] A third objective of this invention is to provide a formulated food product suitable for muscle atrophy in the elderly, comprising the oil composition described in any one of the above-mentioned methods or an oil composition prepared by any one of the above-mentioned methods, including powder or emulsion.

[0022] In one embodiment, the formulated food further includes protein, carbohydrates, prebiotics, vitamins, or trace elements.

[0023] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the oil composition to the protein is (2~8):1.

[0024] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide the use of any of the above-described oil compositions or the methods described in any of the above-described methods in the preparation of products suitable for relieving, treating or adjunctive treating age-related sarcopenia.

[0025] Beneficial effects The oil composition provided by this invention is a medium- and long-chain triglyceride (MLCT) containing both medium-chain fatty acids and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. MLCT is rapidly digested and metabolized into energy, allowing the body to obtain sufficient energy without utilizing muscle protein as an energy source. Furthermore, MLCT increases fatty acid oxidation efficiency, enabling more energy to be released at sites of muscle synthesis, ensuring a sufficient energy supply to power the physiological activities of muscle cells.

[0026] Older adults are prone to fat accumulation, especially visceral fat. Pericellular fat accumulation and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α and IL-6) can lead to insulin resistance. Muscle-cell lipoprotein oxidase (MLCT) improves glucose and lipid metabolism, such as lowering blood lipids and reducing body fat accumulation, thereby improving insulin resistance and increasing insulin sensitivity, prompting more glucose to enter muscle cells for oxidation and energy. Insulin is a potent anabolic hormone; enhancing insulin action can activate the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway, thereby promoting muscle protein synthesis and improving muscle mass.

[0027] n-3 PUFAs can repair mitochondrial function, reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, combat oxidative stress, and lower inflammation levels in the body to improve muscle loss and promote muscle protein synthesis. The structure of MLCT can enhance the bioavailability of these polyunsaturated fatty acids. MLCT's unique triglyceride structure improves the digestibility and absorption of fat components and provides a stable energy supply. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 Total ion chromatograms of different oil and fat compositions; Figure 2 Flowchart for animal experiments with aged mice; Figure 3 Grasping force and fatigue rotarod test for aged mice; (A) Grasping force test; (B) Fatigue rotarod test; Figure 4 The results of aging scores, fatigue rotarod and gripping force tests were obtained for aged mice in low, medium and high protein content groups. Figure 5 The results show the muscle content and histological morphology of aged mice in low, medium, and high protein content groups. Figure 6 The results of protein index determination in aged mice in low, medium, and high protein content groups; Figure 7 The results of liver function index measurements in aged mice in low, medium, and high protein content groups; Figure 8 The results show the inflammatory markers of aged mice in low, medium, and high protein content groups. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0030] In this document, all features such as quantity, content, and concentration defined as numerical ranges or percentage ranges are for simplicity and convenience only. Accordingly, descriptions of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered as covering and specifically disclosing all possible subranges and individual values ​​(including integers and fractions) within those ranges. Unless otherwise stated, all percentages, parts, and ratios used herein are by weight of the total composition. Unless otherwise stated, all such weights relating to listed components are based on activity levels and therefore do not include solvents or byproducts that may be present in commercially available materials.

[0031] For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment are described herein. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0032] Unless otherwise indicated herein, all exemplary embodiments, sub-implementations, specific embodiments and optional embodiments are corresponding exemplary embodiments, sub-implementations, specific embodiments and optional embodiments of all embodiments described herein.

[0033] Currently, most nutritional support products on the market designed for elderly individuals with muscle atrophy have fatty acid compositions and triglyceride structures that fail to effectively meet their need for a continuous and sufficient energy supply. Therefore, developing an oil composition that better suits the nutritional needs of elderly individuals with muscle atrophy, based on their nutritional status, metabolic characteristics, and specific lipid nutrition requirements, is of profound significance for addressing the current challenges in nutritional support for this population.

[0034] Against this backdrop, the present invention aims to provide an oil composition suitable for formulated foods for elderly individuals with muscle atrophy. The fatty acid composition of this composition is more aligned with the lipid nutritional needs of elderly individuals with muscle atrophy, specifically including medium-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids, and containing an appropriate amount of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Compared to long-chain edible oils (mostly long-chain triglycerides) and physical mixtures of MCT and LCT (MCT / LCT), the unique triglyceride structure of MLCT significantly improves the digestibility and absorption of the oil composition, providing a sustained and stable energy supply. This oil composition not only provides essential energy to elderly individuals with muscle atrophy and impaired lipid digestibility but also supplies essential fatty acids. Simultaneously, the n-3 fatty acids help reduce inflammatory factors and promote protein synthesis in this population.

[0035] Oil and fat composition This invention provides an oil composition in which medium-chain fatty acids account for 11% to 40% of the total fatty acids by mass, wherein the medium-chain fatty acids include one or more of 6:0, 8:0, 10:0 and 12:0; In long-chain fatty acids, long-chain saturated fatty acids (SFA) account for 1% to 20% of the total fatty acid mass, long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) account for 10% to 60% of the total fatty acid mass, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) account for 10% to 55% of the total fatty acid mass. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is (1 to 4): 1.

[0036] The long-chain saturated fatty acids include one or more of 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0; the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids include one or more of 14:1 n-5, 16:1 n-7, 17:1 n-7, 18:1 n-9, 20:1 n-9, and 24:1 n-9; the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids include n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-6 ​​long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, wherein the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids include one or more of 18:3 n-3, 20:5 n-3, 22:5 n-3, and 22:6 n-3, and the n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids include one or more of 18:2 n-6 and 20:4 n-6.

[0037] In terms of the triglyceride composition of the oil composition, medium and long chain triglycerides account for 40% to 90% of the total triglycerides.

[0038] In this document, the term "medium- and long-chain triglycerides" is also referred to as medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCT), which generally refers to triglycerides containing at least one medium-chain fatty acid acyl group. This can be a triglyceride containing one medium-chain fatty acid acyl group (M) and two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups (L), or a triglyceride containing one long-chain fatty acid acyl group (L) and two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups (M). Specifically, those with a medium-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-1 / 3 position and a long-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-2 position are called MLM type; those with a medium-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-1 / 2 position and a long-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-3 position are called MML type; those with a long-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-1 / 3 position and a medium-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-2 position are called LML type; those with a long-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-1 / 2 position and a medium-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-3 position are called LLM type; and those with a long-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-2 / 3 position and a medium-chain fatty acid acyl group at the sn-1 position are called MLL type.

[0039] In some embodiments, the ratio of triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups to triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups in the medium- and long-chain triglycerides is (0.5~2):1.

[0040] The triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups include MLL and / or LML; the triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups include MML and / or MLM.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups include MLL and LML; the triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups include MML and MLM.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the oil composition comprises medium-chain fatty acids accounting for 25% to 40% of the total fatty acids by weight, and 8:0 accounting for 50% to 99% of the total medium-chain fatty acids by weight; long-chain saturated fatty acids accounting for 5% to 20% of the total fatty acids by weight; long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids accounting for 15% to 60% of the total fatty acids by weight; and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids accounting for 15% to 55% of the total fatty acids by weight.

[0043] Preferably, the long-chain saturated fatty acids account for 5% to 15% of the total fatty acids by weight; the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids account for 25% to 60% of the total fatty acids by weight; the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 15% to 55% of the total fatty acids by weight; the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 5% to 15% of the total fatty acids by weight; the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 10% to 40% of the total fatty acids by weight; in the oil composition, the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is (1 to 4):1; in the oil composition, n-3 accounts for 5% to 10% of the total fatty acids by weight. In some embodiments, the medium- and long-chain triglycerides account for 50% to 90% of the total triglycerides in the triglyceride composition of the oil composition.

[0044] The oil composition may also contain one or more excipients, including emulsifiers, preservatives, or antioxidants.

[0045] Preparation method The oil and fat composition of the present invention is prepared by enzymatic transesterification; The oil and fat composition of the present invention is provided; Mix oils derived from medium-chain fatty acids and oils derived from long-chain fatty acids at a mass ratio of 1:(1~2); Add lipase at a mass ratio of 6% to 12% of the oil composition and carry out transesterification reaction at a temperature of 50 to 70°C for 4 to 12 hours. The reactants were transferred to centrifuge tubes and centrifuged at 3000-5000 r / min for 3-8 min to separate the lipase and oil. The oil-oil composition was obtained by deacidification and purification.

[0046] In some embodiments, the lipase includes one or more of the following: immobilized enzyme DF IM, NS 40086, Lipozyme TL IM, Lipozyme RM, Lipozyme 435, and Novozym 435.

[0047] In some embodiments, the medium-chain fatty acid source includes one or more of palm kernel oil and coconut oil; the long-chain fatty acid source includes one or more of soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, palm kernel oil, palm stearin, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, avocado oil, tea oil, olive oil, flaxseed oil, fish oil, and algae oil.

[0048] In some embodiments, the reaction feedstocks of the medium-chain fatty acid-derived oils and long-chain fatty acid-derived oils, by weight percentage, are 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% rapeseed oil, and 5%–20% fish oil. Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% olive oil, and 5%–20% fish oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% tea oil, and 5%–20% fish oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% rapeseed oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% olive oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0.1%–60% tea oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0–20% soybean oil, 0–20% corn oil, 0–15% palm oil, 0–50% rapeseed oil, 0–50% sunflower oil, 0–50% tea oil, 0–50% olive oil, 0–10% flaxseed oil, and 5–20% fish oil. Alternatively, 25%–40% MCT, 0–20% soybean oil, 0–20% corn oil, 0–15% palm oil, 0–50% rapeseed oil, 0–50% sunflower seed oil, 0–50% tea oil, 0–50% olive oil, 0–10% flaxseed oil, and 5–20% algal oil.

[0049] In this article, "medium-chain triglycerides" are also known as medium carbon chain triglycerides (MCTs). They generally refer to ester compounds formed by the esterification of medium-chain fatty acids containing 6-12 carbon atoms with glycerol. The sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions of the glycerol skeleton are all esterified by medium-chain fatty acids, including tricaprylic acid glycerides, tridecanoic acid glycerides, dicaprylic acid-monococlic acid glycerides, and monocaprylic acid-didecanoic acid glycerides.

[0050] In some embodiments, in the dicaprylic acid-monocapric acid glyceride, caprylic acid is located at any two positions in sn-1, sn-2, or sn-3; in the monocaprylic acid-dicapric acid glyceride, caprylic acid is located at any one position in sn-1, sn-2, or sn-3.

[0051] Preferably, the medium-chain triglyceride includes one or more of tricaprylic acid glyceride, 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, or tricaprylic acid glyceride.

[0052] In some embodiments, the medium-chain triglycerides, based on the total mass of medium-chain triglycerides, include 5% to 95% tricaprylic acid triglyceride, 5% to 75% 1,2-caprylic acid-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 5% to 75% 1-caprylic acid-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 5% to 75% tridecanoic acid triglyceride. In some embodiments, the medium-chain triglycerides, based on the total mass of medium-chain triglycerides, include 15% to 35% tricaprylic acid triglyceride, 25% to 55% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 25% to 55% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 15% to 35% tridecanoic acid triglyceride. Preferably, the medium-chain triglycerides, based on the total mass of medium-chain triglycerides, include 15% to 25% tricaprylic acid triglyceride, 25% to 45% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 25% to 45% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 15% to 25% tridecanoic acid triglyceride.

[0053] The present invention also provides a nutritional composition suitable for muscle atrophy in the elderly, the nutritional composition comprising the oil composition described in the present invention; or comprising an oil composition prepared by the method described in the present invention.

[0054] In some embodiments, the nutritional composition comprises the oil composition, protein, and / or carbohydrates described in this invention. In some embodiments, the oil composition comprises 25-35% by weight of the total nutritional composition, the protein comprises 0-15% by weight, and the carbohydrates comprise 50-75% by weight. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the oil composition to the protein is (2-8):1.

[0055] The oil or nutritional composition provided by this invention can be administered to subjects with sarcopenia in liquid, powder, or capsule form. In a specific embodiment, the oil composition is administered to the subject 1 to 7 times per week.

[0056] In this article, "sarcopenia" refers to age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, or bodily function, leading to a decrease in overall muscle strength, including grip strength, lower limb muscles, and trunk muscles, and consequently, a slower walking speed. Sarcopenia is common in the elderly and is also known as muscular dystrophy or muscle weakness. It is one of the most common geriatric syndromes. Sarcopenia is divided into primary sarcopenia caused by age and secondary sarcopenia caused by chronic diseases or decreased activity levels. In this article, sarcopenia refers to age-related primary sarcopenia in the elderly.

[0057] Example The following embodiments further illustrate the present invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. The embodiments described in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of protection of the invention. The scope of protection of the invention is defined only by the claims, and any omissions, substitutions, or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosed embodiments will fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0058] The following examples use instruments and equipment conventional in the art. Experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Various raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise stated. In this specification and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" refers to weight percentage and "parts" refers to parts by weight.

[0059] Example 1: Preparation of the oil and fat composition MLCT-1 An oil composition suitable for formula foods for elderly people with muscle atrophy, comprising the following raw oil components and contents by weight: 36% MCT, 51.5% rapeseed oil, and 12.5% ​​algal oil. The MCT is composed of 19% caprylic acid glyceride, 32% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 32% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, and 17% caprylic acid glyceride.

[0060] The three raw material oils were mixed and added to the reaction vessel. In a solvent-free system, 8 wt% (substrate mass ratio) of immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM was added. The temperature was maintained at 60℃ and the reaction was carried out at 300 r / min for 4 hours. The oil was then transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 5 min to separate the lipase and oil. The oil composition MLCT-1 was obtained by deacidification and purification.

[0061] Example 2: Preparation of the oil and fat composition MLCT-2 An oil composition suitable for formula foods for elderly people with muscle atrophy, comprising the following raw oil components and contents by weight: 36% MCT, 51.5% tea oil, and 12.5% ​​algal oil. The MCT is composed of 19% caprylic acid glyceride, 32% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 32% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, and 17% caprylic acid glyceride.

[0062] The three raw material oils were mixed and added to the reaction vessel. In a solvent-free system, 8 wt% (substrate mass ratio) of immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM was added. The temperature was maintained at 60℃ and the reaction was carried out at 300 r / min for 4 hours. The oil was then transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 5 min to separate the lipase and oil. The oil composition MLCT-2 was obtained by deacidification and purification.

[0063] Example 3: Preparation of the oil and fat composition MLCT-3 An oil composition suitable for formula foods for elderly people with muscle atrophy, comprising the following raw oil components and contents by weight: 36% MCT, 20% olive oil, 20% tea oil, 11.5% corn oil, and 12.5% ​​algal oil. The MCT is composed of 19% caprylic acid glyceride, 32% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 32% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, and 17% capric acid glyceride.

[0064] Five raw material oils were mixed and added to a reaction vessel. In a solvent-free system, 8 wt% (substrate mass ratio) of immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM was added. The temperature was maintained at 60℃ and the reaction was carried out at 300 r / min for 4 hours. The oil was then transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 5 min to separate the lipase and oil. The oil composition MLCT-3 was obtained by deacidification and purification.

[0065] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of Oil Composition Comparative Example 1 MCT / LCT-1 An oil composition, by weight, comprises the following raw oil components and contents: 36% MCT, 51.5% tea oil, and 12.5% ​​algal oil. The MCT consists of 19% tricaprylic acid glyceride, 32% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 32% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, and 17% tridecanoic acid glyceride.

[0066] Several raw material oils were physically mixed to obtain the oil composition MCT / LCT-1.

[0067] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of Oil Composition Comparative Example 2 MCT / LCT-2 An oil composition, by weight, comprises the following raw oil components and contents: 36% MCT, 51.5% rapeseed oil, and 12.5% ​​algal oil. The MCT consists of 19% tricaprylic acid glyceride, 32% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 32% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, and 17% tridecanoic acid glyceride.

[0068] Several raw material oils were physically mixed to obtain the oil composition MCT / LCT-2.

[0069] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of Oil Composition MCT / LCT-3 (Comparative Example 3) An oil composition, by weight, comprises the following raw oil components and contents: 36% MCT, 20% olive oil, 20% tea oil, 11.5% corn oil, and 12.5% ​​algal oil. The MCT is composed of 19% caprylic acid glyceride, 32% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 32% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride, and 17% caprylic acid glyceride.

[0070] After physically mixing several raw material oils, the oil composition MCT / LCT-3 is obtained.

[0071] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of Oil and Fat Compositions Comparative Example 4: LCT An oil composition, by weight, wherein the raw oil composition is 100% rapeseed oil.

[0072] Example 4: Determination of fatty acids and triglycerides in different oil compositions MCT and LCT were determined separately in the fatty acid composition and triglyceride composition (in terms of total MCT, MLCT and LCT) of the oil compositions of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0073] Fatty acid composition determination: Total fatty acids were determined using the area normalization method in the National Food Safety Standard GB 5009.168-2016 "Determination of Fatty Acids in Food". The oil sample was dissolved in n-hexane, and potassium hydroxide methanol solution was added for rapid methylation. After the reaction was complete, the upper n-hexane phase was passed through a membrane into the gas phase, and the percentage content of fatty acids was quantitatively determined using the area normalization method.

[0074] Triglyceride composition determination: The obtained oil samples were serially diluted with n-hexane to a concentration of 0.3 mg / mL. Triglycerides were analyzed using UPSFC-Q-TOF-MS. The chromatographic column was an Acquity BEH-2 EP (150 mm × 3.0 mm 1.7 μm, Waters, USA). Elution buffer A was supercritical carbon dioxide (purity ≥99.99%), and eluent B was acetonitrile:ethanol = 50:50. The flow rate was 0.8 mL / min. The elution gradient was: 0.2% in phase B at 0 min, increasing to 0.5% at 16 min, 2% at 16.1 min, 7% at 25 min, and 2% at 28 min, held for 2 min. The column temperature was 50ºC, the injector temperature was 20ºC, the back pressure was 3000 psi, and the injection volume was 1 μL. 10 mmol / L ammonium acetate methanol solution was selected as the entrainer, with a split ratio of 1:3 and a flow rate of 0.2 mL / min. Mass spectrometry conditions: Ionization source: ESI+; Capillary voltage: 3.5 kV; Cone voltage: 30 V; Ion source temperature: 100ºC; Desolvation temperature: 400ºC; Collision gas: Argon, flow rate: 50 L / h; Desolvation gas: Nitrogen, flow rate: 700 L / h; Collision voltage: 35 V; Molecular weight scan range: 100–1200 m / z. Quantification was performed using the normalization method.

[0075] The results of the determination of fatty acid composition in different oil compositions are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Fatty acid composition (wt%) of oil and fat compositions As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the oil compositions MLCT-1, MLCT-2, and MLCT-3 obtained by enzymatic transesterification in Examples 1-3, and their corresponding oil compositions MCT / LCT-1, MCT / LCT-2, and MCT / LCT-3 obtained by physical mixing only, are similar in fatty acid composition. In the oil compositions obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, medium-chain fatty acids account for 36% of the total fatty acid mass, and 8:0 accounts for approximately 60% of the total medium-chain fatty acid mass; long-chain saturated fatty acids account for 5%–10% of the total fatty acid mass; monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1 n-9) account for 30%–40% of the total fatty acid mass; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 5%–10% of the total fatty acid mass; n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 5%–20% of the total fatty acid mass; the ratio of n-6 / n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is (1–1.5):1, and 22:6 n-3 accounts for approximately 5% of the total fatty acid mass. Comparative Example 4 is rapeseed oil, and its fatty acid composition does not contain 8:0, 10:0, 22:6 n-3, etc.

[0077] The results of the determination of triglyceride composition in different oil compositions are shown in Table 2.

[0078] Table 2 Fatty acid composition (wt%) of oil and fat compositions Note: MLCT includes MLCT containing one medium-chain fatty acid and two long-chain fatty acids, i.e., MLL+LML type, and MLCT containing two medium-chain fatty acids and one long-chain fatty acid, i.e. MML+MLM type.

[0079] As shown in Table 2, the rapeseed oil in Comparative Example 4 was entirely LCT. The oil compositions MLCT-1, MLCT-2, and MLCT-3 obtained through enzymatic transesterification in Examples 1-3, and their corresponding physically mixed oil compositions MCT / LCT-1, MCT / LCT-2, and MCT / LCT-3, showed similar fatty acid compositions but significantly different triglyceride compositions. Enzymatic transesterification caused acyl transfer between MCT and LCT, yielding (MLL+LML)-type MLCT and (MML+MLM)-type MLCT, with a total MLCT content exceeding 80%, and the ratio (MLL+LML) / (MML+MLM) approximately 1.5.

[0080] The total ion chromatograms of triglyceride composition determined by MLCT-1, MCT / LCT-1, and LCT-1 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry are shown below. Figure 1 As shown, these three oil compositions were selected as the experimental oils for mice to conduct subsequent animal experiments.

[0081] Example 6: Evaluation of aging and behavior in an aged mouse model (1) Experimental grouping Experimental animals: 72 male C57BL / 6J mice, 16 months old; Experimental grouping: 72 mice were randomly divided into 9 groups of 8 mice each. The grouping, mouse feeding experiment flowchart, and feed composition are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Table 3, Feed composition: Table 3. Dietary composition (wt%) for aged mice in experiments Note: LP-C, LP-PB, LP-IF, MP-C, MP-PB, MP-IF, HP-C, HP-PB, and HP-IF represent: low-protein LCT group, low-protein MCT / LCT group, low-protein MLCT group, medium-protein LCT group, medium-protein MCT / LCT group, medium-protein MLCT group, high-protein LCT group, and high-protein MCT / LCT group, respectively.

[0082] (2) Animal experimental verification and evaluation After one week of acclimatization feeding, the following environmental parameters were maintained: temperature 24±2℃, humidity 50%~60%, free access to food and water, and a 12h / 12h light / dark cycle. Following the acclimatization feeding period, aged mice were randomly divided into 9 groups of 8 mice each. This was recorded as week 0 of the different dietary interventions. Subsequently, mice were fed diets containing different amounts of dietary fat, while maintaining the same feeding environment. All animals had free access to food and water throughout the period, with food and water changed every two days, and feed intake recorded. Cage bedding was changed weekly, and mouse weight was recorded. The total experimental period was 12 weeks.

[0083] In week 12, mice underwent metabolic cage testing, aging assessment (scores calculated based on clinical signs of aging), and behavioral assessment (grip strength and fatigue rotarod tests). The aging assessment items are shown in Table 4, using evaluation criteria corresponding to clinical symptoms (1 point represents no defect, 0.5 points represent mild defect, and 0 points represent severe defect. All scores were summed and then divided by the total number of variables assessed).

[0084] 1. Aging assessment Table 4 Scoring Table for Clinical Signs of Aging 2. Forelimb gripping force test: A mouse grip force meter was used, calibrated and zeroed before use. In the experiment, the mouse was placed as follows: Figure 3On the grid, grasp the grid with your front paws and gently pull the mouse's tail horizontally until it releases the metal grid. The maximum gripping force is measured at this point. Repeat the experiment three times and calculate the average value.

[0085] 3. Fatigue rotating rod experiment: Equipment debugging: Set blank speed (e.g., 10 rpm, duration 10 s), primary speed (e.g., 15 rpm, duration 100 s), first-stage speed (e.g., 25 rpm, duration 200 s) and second-stage speed (e.g., 30 rpm, duration 999 s).

[0086] Environmental control: Maintain quiet (<50 dB), constant temperature (22-25℃), and uniform lighting (avoid shadow interference).

[0087] Pre-acclimatization: 1-3 days before the experiment, mice were trained for 5-20 minutes daily at a blank rotation speed (10 rpm), with the difficulty gradually increased. Mice that fell three times consecutively or were unable to adapt to the training were eliminated.

[0088] Formal Test: Hold the mouse by its body and gently place its front and hind paws on the rotating bar, facing away from the direction of rotation. During the test, the bar's rotation speed gradually increases according to the pre-set program. Record the mouse's dwell time: record the time from when the mouse first steps onto the rotating bar, and stop timing when the mouse falls off or completes the required time. Repeat the measurement for each mouse to determine the average value.

[0089] Results of mouse aging score and motor behavior experiment from Figure 4 The results show that different lipid compositions exhibit infinite differences in their effects on aging scores at different protein levels. At low and medium protein levels, MLCT has the effect or tendency to increase grip strength and endurance in mice, and can significantly improve muscle function in mice.

[0090] Example 7: Muscle mass and histological morphology of aged mice After 12 weeks of animal experiments, aged mice were humanely euthanized, and the hind limb gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles were dissected and removed. The muscle tissue of the left leg was fixed in paraformaldehyde fixative, and the muscle tissue of the right leg was weighed. After 24 hours of fixation, the tissue was rinsed, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. The tissue was then stained and observed under a microscope. The steps were as follows: (1) After rinsing the fixed tissue with running water, it was dehydrated with alcohol of varying concentrations from low to high for 20-30 minutes. (2) The tissue was cleared with xylene. (3) The tissue was placed in melted paraffin and embedded. (4) The embedded paraffin block was cut into thin slices, flattened, and then attached to a glass slide and dried. (5) The paraffin sections were dewaxed and then soaked in alcohol of varying concentrations from high to low and distilled water, followed by staining with hematoxylin solution and eosin solution. (6) The stained gastrocnemius muscle sections were dehydrated with alcohol, cleared with xylene, and then sealed with coverslips. The paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) were observed and photographed under a microscope at 100x and 200x magnification.

[0091] Experimental results are as follows Figure 5 As shown: MLCT at low protein levels improved muscle mass (gastrocnemius muscle mass ratio) and reduced muscle atrophy (HE staining); MLCT at medium protein levels tended to improve muscle mass (gastrocnemius muscle mass ratio) and alleviate gastrocnemius muscle atrophy; at high protein levels, no significant changes in muscle mass were observed, but there was a tendency to slow down muscle atrophy in the morphology of gastrocnemius muscle tissue.

[0092] Example 8: Determination of protein indicators in aged mice After 12 weeks of animal experiments, aged mice were euthanized humanely. Prior to euthanasia, mice were fasted for 12 hours but allowed free access to water, and their weight was recorded. Serum was collected after overnight fasting: blood was drawn from the eyeballs and placed in 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes. The tubes were incubated at room temperature for 2 hours, followed by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant was the serum, which was aliquoted into 50 μL portions for assay. Liver and muscle tissue were dissected and collected.

[0093] from Figure 6 The results showed that at low protein levels, the MLCT group increased the levels of total protein, serum albumin, and prealbumin in the muscle, liver, and serum of aged mice, indicating that MLCT is beneficial for protein synthesis. At medium protein levels, the MLCT group also increased the levels of total protein, serum albumin, and prealbumin in the muscle and liver of aged mice, indicating that MLCT is beneficial for protein synthesis. At high protein levels, the MLCT group significantly increased the total protein level in the liver of aged mice, while other indicators showed no significant differences. Therefore, MLCT is more effective in improving muscle loss at low and medium protein levels.

[0094] Example 9: Determination of Liver Function and Inflammatory Markers in Aged Mice After 12 weeks of animal experiments, aged mice were euthanized humanely. Prior to euthanasia, mice were fasted for 12 hours but allowed free access to water, and their weight was recorded. Serum was collected after overnight fasting: blood was drawn from the eyeballs and placed in 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes. The tubes were incubated at room temperature for 2 hours, followed by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant was the serum, which was aliquoted into 50 μL portions for assay. Liver and muscle tissue were dissected and collected.

[0095] The relevant liver function indicators mainly include aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and liver triglyceride (TG) levels, while the relevant inflammatory indicators mainly include IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α.

[0096] from Figure 7 and 8 The results showed that at low protein levels, there were no significant differences in liver function and inflammatory factor levels among the groups, but liver triglycerides (TG) were improved. At medium protein levels, the MLCT group significantly reduced AST, ALT, ALP, IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-α levels, and improved liver TG. This indicates that MLCT can improve liver lipid accumulation, alleviate liver function damage, and reduce inflammatory factor levels. At high protein levels, the MLCT group significantly reduced AST, ALT, ALP, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels. This indicates that MLCT can alleviate liver function damage and reduce inflammatory factor levels.

[0097] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fat composition suitable for formula foods for elderly people with muscle atrophy, characterized in that, The fatty acid composition of the oil composition is characterized as follows: based on the total fatty acid mass, the medium-chain fatty acid content is 11%–40%, of which the C8:0 content is 50%–99%; among the long-chain fatty acids, the long-chain saturated fatty acid content is 1%–20%, the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid content is 10%–60%, and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 10%–55%; the mass ratio of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is (1–4):

1. In the triglycerides of the oil composition, medium- and long-chain triglycerides account for 40% to 90% of the total triglycerides; among the medium- and long-chain triglycerides, the ratio of triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups to triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups is (0.5~2):

1.

2. The oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total fatty acid mass, the medium-chain fatty acid content is 25% to 40%.

3. The oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total fatty acid mass, the content of long-chain saturated fatty acids is 5%–20%; the content of long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids is 15%–60%; and the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids is 15%–55%. Preferably, the long-chain saturated fatty acid content is 5% to 15%; the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid content is 25% to 60%; and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 15% to 55%.

4. The oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total fatty acid mass, the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 5%–15%, and the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content is 10%–40%. Preferably, 22:6 n-3 accounts for 5% to 10% of the content.

5. The oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the triglyceride composition of the oil composition, the medium and long chain triglycerides account for 50% to 90% of the total triglycerides by mass, the medium chain triglycerides account for 5% to 30% of the total triglycerides, and the long chain triglycerides account for 5% to 30% of the total triglycerides.

6. The oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In medium- and long-chain triglycerides, the ratio of triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups to triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups is (0.5~1):

1.

7. The oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triglycerides containing two long-chain fatty acid acyl groups include 1(3)-long-chain fatty acid-2-long-chain fatty acid-3(1)-medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides and / or 1,3-dilong-chain fatty acid-2-medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides; the triglycerides containing two medium-chain fatty acid acyl groups include 1(3)-medium-chain fatty acid-2-medium-chain fatty acid-3(1)-long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and / or 1,3-dimedium-chain fatty acid-2-long-chain fatty acid triglycerides.

8. A method for preparing the oil and fat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Oils derived from medium-chain fatty acids and oils derived from long-chain fatty acids were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(1~2). In a solvent-free system, lipase was added at a mass ratio of 6% to 12% of the reaction substrate, and the transesterification reaction was carried out at a temperature of 50 to 70°C for 4 to 12 hours.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lipase includes one or more of the following: immobilized enzyme DF IM, NS 40086, Lipozyme TL IM, Lipozyme RM, Lipozyme 435, or Novozym 435.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The oils from which medium-chain fatty acids are derived include one or more of medium-chain triglycerides, palm kernel oil, and coconut oil; the oils from which long-chain fatty acids are derived include one or more of soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, tea oil, olive oil, flaxseed oil, fish oil, and algae oil.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The reaction raw materials, by weight percentage, consist of 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0.1%–60% rapeseed oil, and 5%–20% fish oil. Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0.1%–60% olive oil, and 5%–20% fish oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0.1%–60% tea oil, and 5%–20% fish oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0.1%–60% rapeseed oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0.1%–60% olive oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0.1%–60% tea oil, and 5%–20% algal oil; Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0–20% soybean oil, 0–20% corn oil, 0–15% palm oil, 0–50% rapeseed oil, 0–50% sunflower oil, 0–50% tea oil, 0–50% olive oil, 0–10% flaxseed oil, and 5–20% fish oil. Alternatively, 25%–40% medium-chain triglycerides, 0–20% soybean oil, 0–20% corn oil, 0–15% palm oil, 0–50% rapeseed oil, 0–50% sunflower seed oil, 0–50% tea oil, 0–50% olive oil, 0–10% flaxseed oil, and 5–20% algal oil.

12. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The medium-chain triglycerides include one or more of isomeric triglycerides, dicaprylic acid-monocapric acid triglycerides, or monocaprylic acid-dicapric acid triglycerides; further, the isomeric triglycerides include tricaprylic acid triglycerides or tricaprylic acid triglycerides; in the dicaprylic acid-monocapric acid triglycerides, caprylic acid is located at any two positions in sn-1, sn-2, or sn-3; in the monocaprylic acid-dicapric acid triglycerides, caprylic acid is located at any one position in sn-1, sn-2, or sn-3; Preferably, the medium-chain triglyceride includes one or more of tricaprylic acid triglyceride, tricaprylic acid triglyceride, 1,3-caprylic acid-2-decanoic acid triglyceride, 1,2-caprylic acid-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, or 1-caprylic acid-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that... The medium-chain triglycerides, based on the total mass of medium-chain triglycerides, include 5%–95% tricaprylic acid triglyceride, 5%–75% 1,2-caprylic-3-decanoic acid triglyceride, 5%–75% 1-caprylic-2,3-decanoic acid triglyceride and 5%–75% tridecanoic acid triglyceride.

14. The use of the oil composition according to any one of claims 1-7 or the method according to any one of claims 8-13 in the preparation of products suitable for relieving, treating or adjunctive treating muscle atrophy in the elderly.

15. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The muscle loss includes primary muscle loss or secondary muscle loss.

16. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The muscle attenuation mentioned is primary muscle attenuation.

17. The application according to claim 14, characterized in that, The products include specially formulated foods or medicines.

18. A complete nutritional formula food suitable for muscle atrophy in the elderly, characterized in that, The oil composition comprising any one of claims 1-7 or the oil composition prepared by any one of claims 8-13.

19. The complete nutritional formula food according to claim 18, characterized in that, It also contains protein, carbohydrates, prebiotics, vitamins, or trace elements.

20. The complete nutritional formula food according to claim 19, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the fat composition to the protein is (2~8):1.

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