On-site large direct shearing device for rock-soil body containing fissure surface or joint surface

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-site large direct shearing device for a rock-soil body containing a fissure surface or a joint surface, and relates to the technical field of rock-soil body direct shearing tests. The device comprises a rock-soil body test pit, an inclined groove is formed in the rock-soil body test pit, a rock-soil body test piece is arranged in the inclined groove, a structural surface is arranged in the rock-soil body test piece, a test piece box is arranged in the inclined groove, and a normal load structure and a shear load structure are arranged in the rock-soil body test pit. Supporting structures are arranged on the normal load structure and the shear load structure, and lifting structures and overturning structures are arranged on the normal load structure and the shear load structure. According to the invention, the equipment is directly erected on site and the test piece is dug, so that the process of carrying the test piece to a laboratory from the site is omitted, disturbance to the test piece caused by bumping, collision and the like in the carrying process is avoided, and multi-angle adjustment can be carried out, so that direct shear tests that a shear surface and a fracture surface intersect at different angles can be carried out; therefore, the anisotropy of the shear strength of the soil body is investigated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering test equipment, in particular to a large-scale in-situ direct shear device for rock-soil mass containing fissure surfaces or joint surfaces. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the natural environment, rock-soil mass containing fissure surfaces or joint surfaces is a kind of geological body with special structural characteristics. Among them, fissure refers to the broken surface of rock-soil mass formed under the influence of geological action, weathering, tectonic movement and other factors. These broken surfaces may exhibit different scales, shapes and distribution characteristics. Joint surface specifically refers to the fracture surface in rock stratum that has not undergone obvious displacement. They are the product of internal force action in the process of rock formation and evolution. Fissure surface and joint surface together constitute the structural surface in rock-soil mass. The existence of these structural surfaces greatly changes the overall mechanical properties of rock-soil mass.

[0003] For example, fully weathered or strongly weathered mica quartz schist, gneiss and other rock types, due to long-term geological action and weathering erosion, often develop a large number of fissure surfaces and joint surfaces. These densely distributed structural surfaces are like "weak links" inside the rock-soil mass, which can significantly reduce the overall strength and stability of the rock-soil mass. In the field of engineering construction, especially in the field of slope engineering, the stability of this kind of rock-soil mass containing structural surfaces is directly related to the safety and economy of the project. Once the rock-soil mass in the slope fails to slide, collapse and other instability phenomena due to insufficient shear strength of the structural surface, not only may cause construction to be hindered, the construction period to be delayed, but also may cause serious safety accidents, resulting in huge casualties and property losses.

[0004] In the prior art, when performing direct shear test on rock-soil mass, the sample is usually taken out from the original position, and then transported, stored and other operations are performed. However, the soil sample is easily affected by vibration during transportation, which changes the relative position and arrangement between soil particles, thereby affecting the physical and mechanical properties of the soil sample, causing deviation between the laboratory test results and the actual engineering conditions. Secondly, the existing large-scale in-situ direct shear equipment can only meet the combination of vertical pressure and horizontal shear force, and cannot further determine the shear strength of fissure surface and joint surface. Therefore, a large-scale in-situ direct shear device for rock-soil mass containing fissure surfaces or joint surfaces is needed to meet people's needs.

[0005] Therefore, accurately measuring the strength and mechanical characteristics of rock and soil mass containing fissure surfaces or joint surfaces, especially the shear strength of structural surfaces, is a crucial research topic in the field of geotechnical engineering. By accurately obtaining these parameters, reliable theoretical basis and technical guidance can be provided for the design, construction and maintenance of engineering slopes, effectively avoiding potential engineering risks and ensuring the smooth progress and long-term safe and stable operation of the project. The large-scale direct shearing device provided by the present application is a special equipment developed to meet this key requirement. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a large-scale direct shearing device for rock and soil mass containing fissure surfaces or joint surfaces to solve the problem that in the direct shear test of rock and soil mass, the test specimen usually needs to be transported from the original position, but the soil sample is easily affected by vibration during transportation, which affects the physical and mechanical properties of the soil sample and the test results; at the same time, the existing large-scale direct shearing device only provides a combination of vertical pressure and horizontal shear force, which cannot further determine the shear strength of the fissure surface and joint surface.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a large-scale direct shearing device for rock and soil mass containing fissure surfaces or joint surfaces, comprising a rock and soil mass test pit 1; a chute 101 is formed in the inside of the rock and soil mass test pit 1, a rock and soil mass test specimen 102 is arranged in the chute 101, a structural surface 103 is arranged in the rock and soil mass test specimen 102, a test specimen box 2 is arranged in the inside of the chute 101, a normal load structure 3 and a shear load structure 4 are arranged in the inside of the rock and soil mass test pit 1, a support structure 5 is arranged on the normal load structure 3 and the shear load structure 4, a lifting structure 6 and a turnover structure 7 are arranged on the normal load structure 3 and the shear load structure 4.

[0008] Further, the test specimen box 2 comprises a lower box body 201, which is movably sleeved on the rock and soil mass test specimen 102 and located in the inside of the chute 101, a partition plate 203 is movably sleeved on the rock and soil mass test specimen 102, the partition plate 203 is parallel to the structural surface 103, an upper box body 204 is movably installed on one side of the partition plate 203, and a cover plate 202 is movably installed in the inside of the upper box body 204.

[0009] Further, the normal load structure 3 and the shear load structure 4 both comprise movable racks 401, lifting racks 402 are slidingly installed on the two movable racks 401, rotating racks 403 are rotatably installed on the two lifting racks 402, loading hydraulic cylinders 404 are installed in the interiors of the two rotating racks 403, sliding plates 405 and steel plates 406 are respectively installed at the telescopic ends of the two loading hydraulic cylinders 404, the steel plates 406 are in contact with one side of the upper box body 204, a plurality of steel columns 407 are movably installed in the interior of the sliding plate 405, and the steel columns 407 are in contact with one side of the cover plate 202.

[0010] Further, the support structure 5 comprises a support rack 501, the movable rack 401 is slidingly installed on the support rack 501, a plurality of anchoring pieces 502 are uniformly installed below the support rack 501, the anchoring pieces 502 are inserted into the interior of the rock-soil body, positioning plates 503 are installed on the two sides of the support rack 501, slide holes 512 are formed in the interiors of the two positioning plates 503, a plurality of limiting screws 504 are inserted into the interior of the movable rack 401, and the limiting screws 504 are screwed with nuts 505 at one end and pass through the slide holes 512.

[0011] Further, the support structure 5 further comprises two mounting seats 506, the two mounting seats 506 are respectively installed on the two sides of the movable rack 401, hydraulic cylinders one 507 are installed on the two mounting seats 506, extrusion plates one 508 are installed at the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic cylinders one 507, and the two extrusion plates one 508 are respectively in contact with the inner walls of the two sides of the rock-soil body test pit 1.

[0012] Further, the support structure 5 further comprises a connecting frame 509, the connecting frame 509 is installed on the corresponding lifting rack 402, a hydraulic cylinder two 510 is installed in the interior of the connecting frame 509, an extrusion plate two 511 is installed at the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder two 510, and the extrusion plate two 511 is in contact with the inner wall of the rock-soil body test pit 1.

[0013] Further, the lifting structure 6 comprises a lead screw motor 601, the lead screw motor 601 is installed above the movable rack 401, a lifting lead screw 602 is movably installed in the interior of the lead screw motor 601, the lifting lead screw 602 is movably installed in the interior of the movable rack 401, one end of the lifting lead screw 602 is installed on the lifting rack 402, vertical slide grooves 603 are formed on the two sides of the lifting rack 402, and the movable rack 401 is slidingly installed in the two vertical slide grooves 603.

[0014] Further, the overturning structure 7 comprises a worm 701, the worm 701 is rotatably installed in the interior of the lifting rack 402, an auxiliary motor 702 is installed on one side of the lifting rack 402, an output end of the auxiliary motor 702 is installed on the worm 701, a worm wheel 703 is installed on one side of the rotating rack 403, and the worm wheel 703 is engaged with the worm 701.

[0015] Further, characterized in that, the inside rotation of the rotating frame 403 is rotatably provided with two fixed shafts 704, and the two fixed shafts 704 are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the lifting frame 402, and the worm gear 703 is rotatably arranged on the fixed shaft 704.

[0016] Further, characterized in that, the lower box body 201 and the side wall of the chute 101 are provided with anti-skid pads.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) When the structure surface of the rock-soil body is tested, the rock-soil body test pit can be dug and the structure surface inclination angle is measured, and then the rock-soil body test piece containing the corresponding angle structure surface is reserved, and then the lower box body and the upper box body are sequentially sleeved to complete the installation of the test piece box, and then the equipment is hoisted into the rock-soil body test pit and the upper and side loading hydraulic cylinders are sequentially opened, so that the sliding plate can apply the normal load to the rock-soil body test piece, and drive the rock-soil body test piece to shear along the structure surface direction, so as to realize the shear strength test of the rock-soil body structure surface. By directly erecting the equipment on the site and digging the test piece, the process of transporting the test piece from the site to the laboratory is omitted, and the disturbance to the test piece caused by bumping, collision and the like in the transportation process is avoided.

[0018] (2) The device of the present application can adjust the horizontal position of the movable frame by pushing the movable frame when erecting the equipment, and can adjust the height of the sliding plate and the steel plate by opening the two side screw rod motors, so that the sliding plate and the steel plate can be adjusted according to the setting position and height of the test piece.

[0019] (3) The device of the present application can adjust the angle of the sliding plate and the steel plate by opening the two side auxiliary motors, so that the sliding plate can be parallel to the top surface of the cover plate, and the steel plate can be parallel to the side surface of the upper box body, so that the normal load direction and the shear angle can be adjusted according to the crack surface angle, and the shear surface and the crack surface can be directly sheared at different angles, so as to investigate the anisotropy of the shear strength of the soil body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of a large-scale direct shear device for rock-soil body containing crack surface or joint surface is provided for the present application; Figure 2 A support frame structure schematic view of a large-scale direct shear device for rock-soil body containing crack surface or joint surface is provided for the present application; Figure 3 A cross-sectional structure schematic view of a large-scale direct shear device for rock-soil body containing crack surface or joint surface is provided for the present application; Figure 4A large-scale direct shearing device for in-situ rock and soil mass containing fissure surface or joint surface Figure 3 Structure schematic diagram of part A in the middle Figure 5 Structure schematic diagram of a movable frame of a large-scale direct shearing device for in-situ rock and soil mass containing fissure surface or joint surface Figure 6 Structure schematic diagram of a lifting frame of a large-scale direct shearing device for in-situ rock and soil mass containing fissure surface or joint surface Figure 7 Structure schematic diagram of a fixed shaft of a large-scale direct shearing device for in-situ rock and soil mass containing fissure surface or joint surface Figure 8 Structure schematic diagram of a sliding plate of a large-scale direct shearing device for in-situ rock and soil mass containing fissure surface or joint surface

[0021] In the figure: 1, rock and soil mass test pit; 101, chute; 102, rock and soil mass test piece; 103, structural surface; 2, test piece box; 201, lower box body; 202, cover plate; 203, partition plate; 204, upper box body; 3, normal load structure; 4, shearing load structure; 401, movable frame; 402, lifting frame; 403, rotating frame; 404, loading hydraulic cylinder; 405, sliding plate; 406, steel plate; 407, steel column; 5, support structure; 501, support frame; 502, anchoring piece; 503, positioning plate; 504, limiting screw; 505, nut; 506, mounting seat; 507, hydraulic cylinder one; 508, extrusion plate one; 509, connecting frame; 510, hydraulic cylinder two; 511, extrusion plate two; 512, sliding hole; 6, lifting structure; 601, lead screw motor; 602, lifting lead screw; 603, vertical sliding groove; 7, overturning structure; 701, worm; 702, auxiliary motor; 703, worm gear; 704, fixed shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be understood that when used in the specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0024] For simplicity and conciseness of the drawings, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, which do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawings simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one of them is marked. In this text, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0025] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0026] In the embodiments shown in the drawings, the indications of directions, such as up, down, left, right, front and back, are used to explain the structure and movement of various components of the present application, which are not absolute but relative. When the positions of these components are changed, the indications of these directions are also changed accordingly.

[0027] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0029] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1-8 The present application provides a technical solution: a large-scale direct shearing device for in-situ rock and soil mass containing fissure surface or joint surface, comprising a rock and soil mass test pit 1; a chute 101 is formed in the inside of the rock and soil mass test pit 1, a rock and soil mass test piece 102 is arranged in the chute 101, a structural surface 103 is arranged in the rock and soil mass test piece 102, a test piece box 2 is arranged in the inside of the chute 101, a normal load structure 3 and a shearing load structure 4 are arranged in the inside of the rock and soil mass test pit 1, a support structure 5 is arranged on the normal load structure 3 and the shearing load structure 4, a lifting structure 6 and a turnover structure 7 are arranged on the normal load structure 3 and the shearing load structure 4; first, a rock and soil mass test pit 1 is dug in the rock and soil mass, the dip angle of the fissure surface or joint surface can be measured during digging, and a rock and soil mass test piece 102 containing a structural surface 103 with a corresponding angle is reserved, then the chute 101 is dug according to the angle of the structural surface 103, so that the bottom surface of the chute 101 is parallel to the structural surface 103.

[0030] Further, the test piece box 2 comprises a lower box body 201, which is located inside the chute 101 and movably sleeved on the geotechnical test piece 102, a partition plate 203 movably sleeved on the geotechnical test piece 102, the partition plate 203 being parallel to the structural plane 103, an upper box body 204 movably installed on one side of the partition plate 203, and a cover plate 202 movably installed inside the upper box body 204; during installation, the lower box body 201 is sleeved on the geotechnical test piece 102, the lower box body 201 and the side wall of the chute 101 can be padded with bricks to prevent the lower box body 201 from slipping, then the partition plate 203 is sleeved on the geotechnical test piece 102, so that the partition plate 203 can completely cover one side of the lower box body 201, then the upper box body 204 is sleeved on the geotechnical test piece 102, and the cover plate 202 is covered on the geotechnical test piece 102, the upper box body 204 and the lower box body 201 are separated by the partition plate 203, and finally the installation of the lower box body 201 and the upper box body 204 is completed.

[0031] Further, the normal load structure 3 and the shear load structure 4 each comprise a movable frame 401, a lifting frame 402 slidably installed on each of the two movable frames 401, a rotating frame 403 rotatably installed on each of the two lifting frames 402, a loading hydraulic cylinder 404 installed inside each of the two rotating frames 403, a sliding plate 405 and a steel plate 406 respectively installed at the extension end of each of the two loading hydraulic cylinders 404, the steel plate 406 being in contact with one side of the upper box body 204, and a plurality of steel columns 407 movably installed inside the sliding plate 405, the steel columns 407 being in contact with one side of the cover plate 202; one of the loading hydraulic cylinders 404 is first opened to drive the sliding plate 405 to descend, the distance between the sliding plate 405 and the cover plate 202 is adjusted, and the plurality of steel columns 407 are placed between the sliding plate 405 and the cover plate 202, during testing, the corresponding loading hydraulic cylinder 404 is opened to drive the sliding plate 405 to press the steel columns 407 and the cover plate 202, thereby applying a normal load to the geotechnical test piece 102, then the other loading hydraulic cylinder 404 is opened to drive the steel plate 406 to press the upper box body 204, thereby applying a shear stress to the geotechnical test piece 102, the direction of the shear stress being parallel to the structural plane 103, so that the upper box body 204 is displaced between the lower box body 201 along the direction of the structural plane 103, in the process, the cover plate 202 is moved and the steel columns 407 are rolled, and at the same time, the steel plate 406 drives the geotechnical test piece 102 to shear along the direction of the structural plane 103, the changes of the normal stress and the shear stress and the displacement of the shear box during testing are collected to analyze the shear strength of the geotechnical structural plane 103.

[0032] Further, the support structure 5 comprises a support frame 501, the movable frame 401 is slidingly installed on the support frame 501, a plurality of anchor members 502 are uniformly installed below the support frame 501, the anchor members 502 are inserted into the interior of the rock-soil body, the two sides of the support frame 501 are both provided with a positioning plate 503, the interior of the two positioning plates 503 are both provided with a sliding hole 512, a plurality of limiting screws 504 are inserted into the interior of the movable frame 401, one end of the limiting screw 504 penetrates through the sliding hole 512 and is threadedly installed with a nut 505; before testing, the equipment is hoisted and the movable frames 401 on the two sides are pushed to slide on the support frame 501, so that the position of the movable frame 401 is adjusted according to the position of the rock-soil body test piece 102, after the adjustment, the limiting screw 504 penetrates through the movable frame 401 and the sliding hole 512, and the nut 505 is screwed on the limiting screw 504, the position of the movable frame 401 is fixed, the equipment can be hoisted into the rock-soil body test pit 1 by the crane, and in the process, the anchor members 502 can be inserted into the rock-soil body to reinforce, and at the same time, the movable frame 401 is ensured to contact the inner wall of the bottom side of the rock-soil body test pit 1.

[0033] Further, the support structure 5 further comprises two mounting seats 506, the two mounting seats 506 are respectively installed on the two sides of the movable frame 401, the two mounting seats 506 are both provided with a hydraulic cylinder one 507, the telescopic end of the two hydraulic cylinders one 507 are both provided with an extrusion plate one 508, the two extrusion plates one 508 are respectively in contact with the inner walls of the two sides of the rock-soil body test pit 1; by opening the corresponding hydraulic cylinder one 507, the extrusion plate one 508 is driven to extrude on the side wall of the rock-soil body test pit 1, so that the position of the movable frame 401 can be reinforced.

[0034] Further, the support structure 5 further comprises a connecting frame 509, the connecting frame 509 is installed on the corresponding lifting frame 402, the interior of the connecting frame 509 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder two 510, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder two 510 is provided with an extrusion plate two 511, the extrusion plate two 511 is in contact with the inner wall of the rock-soil body test pit 1; by opening the hydraulic cylinder two 510, the extrusion plate two 511 is driven to contact with the side wall of the rock-soil body test pit 1, so that support can be provided when the shear force is applied.

[0035] Embodiment 2: as Figures 3-6, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the loading hydraulic cylinder 404 height according to the position of the rock-soil specimen 102, the lifting structure 6 is arranged, the lifting structure 6 comprises a screw rod motor 601, the screw rod motor 601 is installed above the movable frame 401, a lifting screw rod 602 is movably installed in the screw rod motor 601, the lifting screw rod 602 is movably installed in the movable frame 401, one end of the lifting screw rod 602 is installed on the lifting frame 402, vertical sliding grooves 603 are formed on both sides of the lifting frame 402, and the movable frame 401 is slidingly installed in the two vertical sliding grooves 603; the screw rod motor 601 is opened to drive the lifting screw rod 602 to move up and down, so that the lifting screw rod 602 drives the lifting frame 402 to move up and down, when the lifting frame 402 moves, the lifting frame 402 can slide vertically on the movable frame 401 through the vertical sliding grooves 603, thereby limiting the movement direction of the lifting frame 402, the lifting lifting frame 402 can drive the rotating frame 403 and the loading hydraulic cylinder 404 to move up and down, thereby driving the sliding plate 405 and the steel plate 406 to move up and down, and the sliding plate 405 and the steel plate 406 can be adjusted to a suitable height according to the position of the upper box body 204 and the rock-soil specimen 102.

[0036] Embodiment 3: as Figures 5-7 , in order to facilitate the adjustment of the loading hydraulic cylinder 404 angle according to the angle of the rock-soil specimen 102, the overturning structure 7 is arranged, the overturning structure 7 comprises a worm 701, the worm 701 is rotatably installed in the lifting frame 402, an auxiliary motor 702 is installed on one side of the lifting frame 402, the output end of the auxiliary motor 702 is installed on the worm 701, a worm wheel 703 is installed on one side of the rotating frame 403, and the worm wheel 703 is engaged with the worm 701; the corresponding auxiliary motor 702 is opened to drive the worm 701 to rotate, when the worm 701 rotates, the rotating frame 403 is overturned through the engagement of the worm wheel 703, and the corresponding loading hydraulic cylinder 404 is also overturned, thereby driving the sliding plate 405 and the steel plate 406 to overturn, so that the sliding plate 405 is parallel to the top surface of the cover plate 202, and the steel plate 406 is parallel to the side surface of the upper box body 204.

[0037] Further, two fixed shafts 704 are rotatably installed in the rotating frame 403, the two fixed shafts 704 are respectively installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the lifting frame 402, and the worm wheel 703 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 704; the rotating frame 403 can rotate on the fixed shaft 704, and the fixed shaft 704 can serve as a rotating fulcrum of the rotating frame 403.

[0038] It should be pointed out finally that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-scale in-situ direct shear apparatus for a rock or soil mass containing a fracture plane or joint plane, characterized by, The rock-soil test pit (1) is internally provided with an inclined groove (101), the inclined groove (101) is internally provided with a rock-soil test piece (102), the rock-soil test piece (102) is internally provided with a structural surface (103), the inclined groove (101) is internally provided with a test piece box (2), the rock-soil test pit (1) is internally provided with a normal load structure (3) and a shear load structure (4), the normal load structure (3) and the shear load structure (4) are provided with a support structure (5), the normal load structure (3) and the shear load structure (4) are provided with a lifting structure (6) and a turnover structure (7).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The test piece box (2) comprises a lower box body (201), the lower box body (201) is movably sleeved on the rock-soil test piece (102) in the inclined groove (101), a partition plate (203) is movably sleeved on the rock-soil test piece (102), the partition plate (203) is parallel to the structural surface (103), an upper box body (204) is movably arranged on one side of the partition plate (203), and a cover plate (202) is movably arranged in the upper box body (204).

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The normal load structure (3) and the shear load structure (4) comprise movable frames (401), lifting frames (402) are slidably arranged on the two movable frames (401), rotating frames (403) are rotatably arranged on the two lifting frames (402), loading hydraulic cylinders (404) are arranged in the two rotating frames (403), sliding plates (405) and steel plates (406) are arranged at the telescopic ends of the two loading hydraulic cylinders (404), the steel plates (406) are in contact with one side of the upper box body (204), a plurality of steel columns (407) are movably arranged in the sliding plates (405), and the steel columns (407) are in contact with one side of the cover plate (202).

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The support structure (5) comprises a support frame (501), the movable frame (401) is slidably arranged on the support frame (501), a plurality of anchoring pieces (502) are uniformly arranged below the support frame (501) and inserted into the rock-soil body, positioning plates (503) are arranged on the two sides of the support frame (501), sliding holes (512) are formed in the two positioning plates (503), a plurality of limiting screws (504) are inserted into the movable frame (401), and one end of the limiting screw (504) penetrates through the sliding hole (512) and is threadedly connected with a nut (505).

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The support structure (5) further comprises two mounting seats (506), the two mounting seats (506) are arranged on the two sides of the movable frame (401), hydraulic cylinders (507) are arranged on the two mounting seats (506), extrusion plates (508) are arranged at the telescopic ends of the two hydraulic cylinders (507), and the two extrusion plates (508) are in contact with the inner walls of the two sides of the rock-soil test pit (1).

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The support structure (5) further comprises a connecting frame (509) mounted on the corresponding lifting frame (402), a hydraulic cylinder two (510) is mounted inside the connecting frame (509), an extrusion plate two (511) is mounted at the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder two (510), and the extrusion plate two (511) is in contact with the inner wall of the rock-soil test pit (1).

7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The lifting structure (6) comprises a lead screw motor (601) mounted above the movable frame (401), a lifting lead screw (602) movably mounted inside the lead screw motor (601), the lifting lead screw (602) movably mounted inside the movable frame (401), one end of the lifting lead screw (602) mounted on the lifting frame (402), and vertical sliding grooves (603) are formed on both sides of the lifting frame (402), and the movable frame (401) is slidingly installed in the two vertical sliding grooves (603).

8. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The turning structure (7) comprises a worm (701) rotatably mounted inside the lifting frame (402), an auxiliary motor (702) mounted on one side of the lifting frame (402), an output end of the auxiliary motor (702) mounted on the worm (701), a worm wheel (703) mounted on one side of the rotating frame (403), and the worm wheel (703) engaged with the worm (701).

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein, Two fixed shafts (704) are rotatably mounted inside the rotating frame (403), the two fixed shafts (704) are respectively mounted on the inner walls of the two sides of the lifting frame (402), and the worm wheel (703) is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft (704).

10. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, Anti-skid pads are arranged between the lower box body (201) and the side wall of the chute (101).

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