A treatment plant and treatment process for salt-containing industrial wastewater

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a treatment device and process for saline industrial wastewater. The treatment device includes an evaporator shell, heat exchange tubes, a liquid distribution plate, and an adjustment assembly. The axis of the evaporator shell is vertical, with the wastewater inlet located at the top and the concentrate outlet at the bottom. The invention incorporates an adjustment assembly. When the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet is high, the adjustment assembly reduces the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the wastewater entering the heat exchange tubes. This prevents the wastewater from flowing too fast within the heat exchange tubes, which could prevent the wastewater from forming a uniform film on the inner wall of the heat exchange tubes. Conversely, when the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet is low, the adjustment assembly further reduces the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates, preventing the wastewater from flowing too slowly within the heat exchange tubes and causing dry-wall phenomena on the tube walls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a treatment device and process for saline industrial wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Saline industrial wastewater is industrial wastewater with a total dissolved solids content significantly higher than that of ordinary wastewater. The core objective of saline wastewater treatment is to reduce the salt content to below the discharge standard and realize the resource recycling of water and salt. MVR evaporator (mechanical vapor recompression evaporator) is the core equipment for treating saline wastewater. The "low-temperature and low-pressure secondary steam" generated by its evaporation (which would otherwise be wasted) is compressed and heated by a mechanical compressor and then recycled as a "heat source" to heat the wastewater. There is no need to add a large amount of high-temperature steam. Compared with traditional multi-effect evaporators, energy consumption can be reduced by 20%-30%.

[0003] In operation, saline wastewater is added from the upper tube box of the evaporator. After passing through the liquid distributor, the saline wastewater is distributed to each heat exchange tube, forming a uniform liquid film along the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. As the liquid film flows downward, it is heated by the heating steam in the shell side, boiling and evaporating as it flows downward. After reaching the bottom of the heat exchange tube, the saline wastewater becomes a concentrated liquid and secondary steam. The secondary steam enters the gas-liquid separator, where the liquid droplets entrained in the secondary steam are removed. The pure secondary steam is then sent from the gas-liquid separator to the compressor. The compressor compresses the secondary steam and uses it as heating steam, which is then sent to the shell side of the heat exchanger as a heat source for the evaporator, thus achieving continuous evaporation operation.

[0004] However, the above equipment has the following problems during use: the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube is not easy to control precisely. If the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube is too large, the flow rate of wastewater flowing down the heat exchange tube wall is too fast, and the wastewater cannot form a uniform film on the inner circumferential wall of the heat exchange tube. Conversely, if the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube is too small, the flow rate of wastewater flowing down the heat exchange tube wall is too slow, and dry wall phenomenon occurs on the tube wall. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a treatment device and process for saline industrial wastewater to address the problems existing in current saline wastewater treatment equipment, so as to solve the problem that the inner wall of the heat exchange tube is easily blocked by solid impurities precipitated from the saline wastewater.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A treatment device for saline industrial wastewater includes:

[0008] Evaporator casing, with a vertical axis;

[0009] The wastewater inlet is located at the top of the evaporator shell;

[0010] The concentrate outlet is located at the bottom of the evaporator shell;

[0011] There are multiple heat exchange tubes, and the axes of these multiple heat exchange tubes are vertical and evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the evaporator shell inside the evaporator shell.

[0012] There are multiple liquid distribution plates, which are located above the heat exchange tubes and are arranged at intervals along the axis of the evaporator shell and slidably disposed inside the evaporator shell.

[0013] An adjustment component, located inside the evaporator housing, is used to ensure that the spacing between multiple liquid distribution plates is negatively correlated with the flow rate of the wastewater inlet.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes an impeller, a drive shaft, a drive sleeve, a first elastic element, a second elastic element, and a third elastic element. The drive shaft is coaxially and rotatably disposed within the evaporator housing, with its upper end located within the wastewater inlet. The impeller is coaxially disposed at the upper end of the drive shaft. The two ends of the first elastic element are respectively connected to the wastewater inlet and the drive shaft, used to prevent the drive shaft from rotating clockwise around its axis. The drive sleeve is helically driven with the drive shaft. There are multiple drive sleeves, each corresponding to a different liquid distribution plate. The axial distance between the multiple drive sleeves and the drive shaft decreases from top to bottom. The lowermost drive sleeve and its corresponding liquid distribution plate can move relative to each other axially. The other drive sleeves are coaxially fixed to their corresponding liquid distribution plates. The second elastic element is connected between the lowermost liquid distribution plate and its corresponding drive sleeve, used to prevent the lowermost liquid distribution plate and its corresponding drive sleeve from getting close to each other.

[0015] Preferably, the inner circumferential wall of the transmission sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and the pitch of the spiral grooves of the multiple transmission sleeves decreases from top to bottom. Multiple guide posts are axially spaced on the outer circumferential surface of the transmission shaft, and the multiple guide posts correspond one-to-one with the multiple transmission sleeves, and the guide posts are slidably connected in the spiral groove of the corresponding transmission sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, a long sliding groove is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the lowermost transmission sleeve, the long sliding groove extends along the axis of the transmission sleeve, and a slider is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the liquid distribution plate, the slider being slidably connected in the long sliding groove.

[0017] Preferably, the treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater further includes a flow control component. There are multiple flow control components, and each flow control component is connected to a corresponding heat exchange tube to control the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube.

[0018] In the initial state, the flow control component is in the first state, and the flow control component controls the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube to the first flow rate;

[0019] When the wastewater flow rate in the heat exchange tube is less than the preset value, the flow control component switches to the second state. At this time, the flow control component controls the wastewater flow rate into the heat exchange tube to the second flow rate, which is equal to the first flow rate.

[0020] Preferably, the flow control assembly includes a fixed ring, an outer guide ring, an inner guide ring, an upper push rod, a third elastic element, and a locking unit. The fixed ring is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the heat exchange tube. The outer guide ring is coaxially fixed to the fixed ring and has a through bottom with multiple outer guide grooves circumferentially formed. The inner guide ring is coaxial and slidably fitted inside the outer guide ring. The inner guide ring has a through bottom and multiple inner guide grooves circumferentially formed. The extension direction of the inner guide grooves is inclined to the radial line of the inner guide ring, and the flow area of ​​the inner guide grooves is smaller than that of the outer guide grooves. The sum of the flow areas of the multiple inner guide grooves is equal to the sum of the flow areas of the multiple outer guide grooves. The upper push rod is coaxially fixed to the inner guide ring. The third elastic element is connected between the upper push rod and the outer guide ring to prevent the upper push rod from approaching the outer guide ring. The locking unit is connected between the outer guide ring and the inner guide ring to restrict the movement of the inner guide ring relative to the axis of the outer guide ring.

[0021] Preferably, the locking unit includes a first wedge and a second wedge. The first wedge is disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the outer guide ring, and the second wedge is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner guide ring. The inclined surfaces of the first wedge and the second wedge can slide and engage with each other.

[0022] Preferably, the flow control component further includes a tapered guide block, the upper diameter of which is smaller than the lower diameter, and the upper end of the tapered guide block is located at the bottom of the upper push rod.

[0023] Preferably, the treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater further includes a gas-liquid separator connected to the lower part of the evaporator shell for receiving secondary steam.

[0024] A process for treating saline industrial wastewater, using the aforementioned saline industrial wastewater treatment equipment, includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Set the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet to the maximum flow rate for 1 minute;

[0026] Step 2: Adjust the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet to the set target flow rate, which is less than the maximum flow rate.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] This invention incorporates an adjustment component. When the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet is high, the adjustment component reduces the spacing between multiple distribution discs. This increases the resistance of the distribution discs to the downward flow of wastewater, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the wastewater entering the heat exchange tube. This prevents the wastewater from flowing too fast within the heat exchange tube, which would prevent the wastewater from forming a uniform film on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. Conversely, when the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet is low, the adjustment component further reduces the spacing between the distribution discs. This reduces the resistance of the distribution discs to the downward flow of wastewater, preventing the wastewater from flowing too slowly within the heat exchange tube and causing dry wall phenomena on the tube wall. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a saline industrial wastewater treatment device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the evaporator shell in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper part of the evaporator shell in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flow control component in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the flow control component in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inner guide ring structure in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 BB section view;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the flow control component in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the flow control component in a saline industrial wastewater treatment device of the present invention.

[0039] in:

[0040] 100. Evaporator shell; 101. First shell; 102. Second shell; 103. Third shell; 104. Fourth shell; 110. Wastewater inlet; 120. Concentrate outlet; 130. Steam outlet; 140. Steam inlet;

[0041] 200, heat exchange tubes; 210, upper tube sheet; 220, lower tube sheet;

[0042] 300. Liquid distribution plate; 310. Sliding block;

[0043] 400, Adjustment assembly; 410, Impeller; 420, Drive shaft; 421, Guide post; 430, Drive sleeve; 431, Spiral groove; 432, Long slide groove; 440, First elastic element; 450, Second elastic element;

[0044] 500. Flow control assembly; 510. Fixing ring; 520. Outer guide ring; 521. Outer guide groove; 530. Inner guide ring; 531. Inner guide groove; 540. Top rod; 550. Third elastic element; 560. Locking unit; 561. First wedge; 562. Second wedge; 570. Conical guide block;

[0045] 600. Gas-liquid separator;

[0046] 700. Compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0048] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a treatment device for saline industrial wastewater includes an evaporator shell 100, heat exchange tubes 200, a liquid distribution plate 300, and an adjustment assembly 400. The axis of the evaporator shell 100 is vertical. A wastewater inlet 110 is located at the top of the evaporator shell 100, a concentrate outlet 120 is located at the bottom of the evaporator shell 100, and a steam inlet 140 is located at the upper part of the evaporator shell 100 for conveying high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the evaporator shell 100. There are multiple heat exchange tubes 200. The heat exchange tubes 200 have a vertical axis and are evenly distributed around the axis of the evaporator shell 100 within the evaporator shell 100. There are multiple liquid distribution plates 300, which are located above the heat exchange tubes 200 and are spaced apart along the axis of the evaporator shell 100 and slidably disposed within the evaporator shell 100. An adjustment assembly 400 is disposed within the evaporator shell 100 to make the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 negatively correlated with the flow rate of the wastewater inlet 110.

[0051] During operation, workers transport saline industrial wastewater (hereinafter referred to as wastewater) to wastewater inlet 110 through a specially designed conveying pipeline. The wastewater entering wastewater inlet 110 flows downwards under gravity to the uppermost distribution plate 300, then sequentially through each distribution plate 300 from top to bottom, finally flowing into the heat exchange tube 200. Simultaneously, high-temperature, high-pressure steam enters the evaporator shell 100 through steam inlet 140. At this point, the high-temperature, high-pressure steam is located outside the heat exchange tube 200, used to heat the wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200. Under the action of the high-temperature, high-pressure steam, the wastewater in the heat exchange tube 200 boils and evaporates as it flows downwards. During the process of the wastewater sequentially passing through each distribution plate 300, the multiple distribution plates 300 create resistance to the downward flow of the wastewater. If the flow rate of wastewater entering wastewater inlet 110 is large, the regulating component 400 adjusts the multiple distribution plates 300... When the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 decreases, the resistance of the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 to the downward flow of wastewater increases, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the wastewater entering the heat exchange tube 200. This prevents the wastewater from flowing too fast within the heat exchange tube 200, which would prevent the wastewater from forming a uniform film on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 200. Conversely, if the flow rate of wastewater into the wastewater inlet 110 is small, the regulating component 400 reduces the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300. This reduces the resistance of the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 to the downward flow of wastewater, preventing the wastewater from flowing too slowly within the heat exchange tube 200 and causing the wastewater to dry out on the tube wall. In summary, under the dynamic control of the regulating component 400, the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 changes dynamically with the flow rate of wastewater in the wastewater inlet 110, thereby ensuring that the flow velocity of wastewater into the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 200 is basically consistent, so as to ensure that the wastewater can form a uniform film on the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 200 for a long time.

[0052] It should be noted that the multiple liquid distribution holes on the liquid distribution plate 300 correspond one-to-one with the multiple heat exchange tubes 200, and the axes of the liquid distribution holes of the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 from top to bottom coincide.

[0053] It should also be noted that the maximum distance between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 should not be too large, preferably not exceeding 20 cm, so as to avoid the failure of the resistance adjustment function of the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 due to the excessive distance between them.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the evaporator housing 100 includes a first housing 101, a second housing 102, a third housing 103, and a fourth housing 104, which are bolted together from top to bottom.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, to fix multiple heat exchange tubes 200, an upper tube sheet 210 is provided above the multiple heat exchange tubes 200. The upper ends of the multiple heat exchange tubes 200 pass through the upper tube sheet 210 and are fixedly connected to the upper tube sheet 210. A lower tube sheet 220 is provided below the multiple heat exchange tubes 200. The lower ends of the multiple heat exchange tubes 200 pass through the lower tube sheet 220 and are fixedly connected to the lower tube sheet 220. The upper tube sheet 210 is sandwiched between the first shell 101 and the second shell 102, and the lower tube sheet 220 is sandwiched between the second shell 102 and the third shell 103.

[0056] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the adjusting assembly 400 includes an impeller 410, a drive shaft 420, a drive sleeve 430, a first elastic element 440, and a second elastic element 450. The drive shaft 420 is coaxially and rotatably disposed within the evaporator housing 100, with its upper end located within the wastewater inlet 110. The impeller 410 is coaxially disposed at the upper end of the drive shaft 420. The two ends of the first elastic element 440 are respectively connected to the wastewater inlet 110 and the drive shaft 420, and are used to prevent the drive shaft 420 from rotating clockwise around its axis. The first elastic element 440 is preferably a torsion spring, with one end welded to the wastewater inlet 110 and the other end welded to the drive shaft 420. The drive sleeve 430 is helically coupled with the drive shaft 420. There are multiple tubes 430, and each of the multiple transmission sleeves 430 corresponds to one of the multiple liquid distribution discs 300. The axial distance between the multiple transmission sleeves 430 and the transmission shaft 420 decreases from top to bottom. The lowest transmission sleeve 430 and the corresponding liquid distribution disc 300 can move relative to each other in the axial direction. The other transmission sleeves 430 and the corresponding liquid distribution discs 300 are coaxially fixed. The second elastic element 450 is connected between the lowest liquid distribution disc 300 and the corresponding transmission sleeve 430 to prevent the lowest liquid distribution disc 300 and the corresponding transmission sleeve 430 from getting close to each other. The second elastic element 450 is preferably a compression spring, and the two ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the lowest liquid distribution disc 300 and the corresponding transmission sleeve 430, respectively.

[0057] When the flow rate of wastewater into the wastewater inlet 110 is large, the kinetic energy generated by the wastewater flow is large. The driving force from the wastewater on the impeller 410 allows the impeller 410 to rotate at a larger angle until the driving force from the wastewater and the elastic force from the first elastic element 440 are balanced. At this point, the impeller 410 stops rotating and remains in its current position. Since the drive shaft 420 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the impeller 410, the drive shaft 420 rotates synchronously with the impeller 410. Because multiple drive sleeves 430 are screw-driven with the drive shaft 420, and the axial distance of the screw drive decreases from top to bottom, the multiple drive sleeves 430 move closer to each other. Since the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 is connected to the drive sleeve 430 through the first elastic element 440, and the other liquid distribution plates 300 are coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive sleeves 430, as the multiple drive sleeves 430 move closer to each other, the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 also move closer to each other, that is, the distance between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 decreases. At this time, the multiple liquid distribution plates... The increased resistance of the disk 300 to the downward flow of wastewater reduces the kinetic energy of the wastewater after passing through the lowest distribution disk 300, preventing excessive flow velocity of the wastewater into the heat exchange tube 200. When the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet 110 decreases, the kinetic energy generated by the wastewater flow decreases, and the driving force on the impeller 410 from the wastewater decreases. The first elastic element 440 pushes the drive shaft 420 to rotate in the opposite direction until the drive shaft 420 stops rotating after the force is balanced again. During the reverse rotation of the drive shaft 420... During the process, since multiple transmission sleeves 430 are screw-driven with transmission shaft 420, and the axial distance of the screw-driven engagement decreases from top to bottom, the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 gradually move away from each other, that is, the distance between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 increases. At this time, the resistance of the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 to the downward flow of wastewater is reduced, so that the flow velocity of wastewater after passing through the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 is not reduced too much, and the dry wall phenomenon is avoided after the wastewater flows into the heat exchange tube 200 due to the slow flow velocity of the wastewater.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to limit the rotation of the liquid distribution plate 300, a limiting groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid distribution plate 300. The limiting groove is vertically through. A limiting protrusion is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the first housing 101. The limiting protrusion extends along the axis of the first housing 101 and slides with the limiting groove, thereby limiting the rotation of the liquid distribution plate 300 so that the liquid distribution plate 300 can only move along its axis.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a spiral groove 431 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the transmission sleeve 430, and the pitch of the spiral grooves 431 of the multiple transmission sleeves 430 decreases from top to bottom. Multiple guide posts 421 are axially spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission shaft 420. The multiple guide posts 421 correspond one-to-one with the multiple transmission sleeves 430, and the guide posts 421 are slidably connected in the spiral grooves 431 of the corresponding transmission sleeves 430. The spiral direction of the spiral grooves 431 is configured such that when the transmission shaft 420 rotates clockwise, the liquid distribution plate 300 moves downward.

[0060] Since multiple guide posts 421 are axially spaced on the drive shaft 420, when the drive shaft 420 rotates, the multiple guide posts 421 rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 420. Since the multiple guide posts 421 are helically engaged in the helical grooves 431 of the corresponding drive sleeves 430, and since the pitch of the helical grooves 431 of the multiple drive sleeves 430 decreases from top to bottom, when the drive shaft 420 is subjected to the force from the wastewater, the drive shaft 420 rotates clockwise. Then, through the helical engagement of the guide posts 421 and the helical grooves 431, the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 move downward, and the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 decreases. Conversely, when the flow rate of wastewater into the wastewater inlet 110 decreases, the force exerted by the wastewater on the impeller 410 decreases, and the first elastic element 440 drives the transmission shaft 420 to rotate in the opposite direction, that is, the transmission shaft 420 rotates counterclockwise. At this time, through the spiral engagement of the guide post 421 and the spiral groove 431, the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 move upward, and the spacing between the multiple liquid distribution plates 300 increases.

[0061] It is understandable that the bottom liquid distribution plate 300 is elastically connected to the transmission sleeve 430 through the second elastic element 450 in order to prevent the transmission shaft 420 from being unable to continue rotating after the bottom liquid distribution plate 300 comes into contact with the heat exchange tube 200, thereby causing the adjustment function of the adjustment component 400 to fail.

[0062] To enable the lowermost transmission sleeve 430 and the corresponding liquid distribution plate 300 to move relative to each other in the axial direction, further, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, a long sliding groove 432 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the bottom transmission sleeve 430. The long sliding groove 432 extends along the axis of the transmission sleeve 430. A slider 310 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the liquid distribution plate 300. The slider 310 is slidably connected in the long sliding groove 432.

[0063] When the lowest transmission sleeve 430 moves downward, since the lowest transmission sleeve 430 and the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 are slidably engaged by the slider 310 and the long slide groove 432, the lowest transmission sleeve 430 will not drive the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 to move downward synchronously. This can prevent the transmission shaft 420 from being unable to continue rotating after the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 comes into contact with the heat exchange tube 200, thereby causing the adjustment component 400 to fail.

[0064] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater also includes a flow control component 500. There are multiple flow control components 500, and each flow control component 500 is connected to a corresponding heat exchange tube 200 to control the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200. In the initial state, the flow control component 500 is in the first state, at which time the flow control component 500 controls the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 to the first flow rate. When the flow rate of wastewater in the heat exchange tube 200 is less than the preset value, the flow control component 500 switches to the second state, at which time the flow control component 500 controls the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 to the second flow rate, and the second flow rate is equal to the first flow rate.

[0065] In the initial state (i.e., normal operating state), the flow control component 500 is in the first state. At this time, the flow control component 500 controls the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 to the first flow rate. This first flow rate ensures that the wastewater can form a uniform film on the peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube 200. As the wastewater treatment time increases, impurities in the wastewater will accumulate in the flow control component 500 to a certain extent, causing the flow area of ​​the flow control component 500 in the first state to decrease, which in turn causes the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 through the flow control component 500 to decrease. When the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 is less than the preset value, the flow control component 500 switches to the second state. At this time, the flow control component 500 controls the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 to the second flow rate. Since the second flow rate is equal to the first flow rate, after the flow control component 500 switches to the second state, it can ensure that the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 through the flow control component 500 remains basically unchanged, thereby ensuring that the wastewater can form a uniform film on the peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube 200.

[0066] In a further embodiment, such as Figures 4-10As shown, the flow control assembly 500 includes a fixed ring 510, an outer guide ring 520, an inner guide ring 530, an upper push rod 540, a third elastic element 550, and a locking unit 560. The fixed ring 510 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the heat exchange tube 200. The outer guide ring 520 is coaxially fixed to the fixed ring 510. The bottom of the outer guide ring 520 is open, and an outer guide groove 521 is circumferentially formed. There are multiple outer guide grooves 521, and the multiple outer guide grooves 521 are evenly distributed on the outer guide ring 520. On the outer circumferential surface, the inner guide ring 530 is coaxially and slidably fitted inside the outer guide ring 520. The bottom of the inner guide ring 530 is through, and an inner guide groove 531 is circumferentially formed. There are multiple inner guide grooves 531, which are evenly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer guide ring 520. The extension direction of the inner guide grooves 531 is inclined to the radial line of the inner guide ring 530, and the flow area of ​​the inner guide grooves 531 is smaller than that of the outer guide grooves 521. The flow of the multiple inner guide grooves 531... The sum of their areas equals the sum of the flow areas of the multiple outer guide grooves 521. The upper push rod 540 is coaxially fixed to the inner guide ring 530. The third elastic element 550 is a compression spring, which is connected between the upper push rod 540 and the outer guide ring 520. Specifically, the upper end of the third elastic element 550 is fixedly connected to the upper push rod 540, and the lower end of the third elastic element 550 abuts against the outer guide ring 520 to prevent the upper push rod 540 from approaching the outer guide ring 520, thus locking the single... The locking unit 560 is connected between the outer guide ring 520 and the inner guide ring 530 to restrict the movement of the inner guide ring 530 relative to the axis of the outer guide ring 520. Furthermore, the locking unit 560 includes a first wedge 561 and a second wedge 562. The first wedge 561 is disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the outer guide ring 520, and the second wedge 562 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner guide ring 530. The inclined surfaces of the first wedge 561 and the second wedge 562 can slide and engage with each other.

[0067] When the wastewater is not yet transported to the wastewater inlet 110, the relative positions of the outer guide ring 520 and the inner guide ring 530 are as follows: Figure 10As shown, at this time, the inner guide ring 530 extends from the outer guide ring 520, and the third elastic element 550 is in its original length state. During use, first increase the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet 110 to drive the lowest distribution plate 300 downwards a greater distance. At this time, the lowest distribution plate 300 pushes the upper push rod 540 downwards to its lower limit position, and the third elastic element 550 is at its maximum compression. At this time, the outer guide groove 521 and the inner guide groove 531 overlap axially in the outer guide ring 520, so the wastewater can flow inwards sequentially through the outer guide groove 521 and the inner guide groove 531. Because the inner guide groove 53... The extension direction of 1 is inclined to the radial line of the inner guide ring 530. Therefore, when the wastewater flows through the inner guide channel 531, it will exert a circumferential rotational force on the inner guide ring 530 to drive the inner guide ring 530 to rotate relative to the outer guide ring 520 until the first wedge 561 and the second wedge 562 abut against each other. At this time, although the elastic force of the third elastic element 550 on the inner guide ring 530 is greater than the driving force of the wastewater on the inner guide ring 530, the elastic force of the third elastic element 550 will not decrease because the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 is pressed on the upper push rod 540. Next, the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet 110 is restored to... Within the normal range, the lowest liquid distribution plate 300 moves upward until it disengages from the upper push rod 540. Simultaneously, because the elastic force of the third elastic element 550 is greater than the driving force of the wastewater on the inner guide ring 530, the inner guide ring 530 rotates in the opposite direction and moves upward under the guidance of the first wedge 561 and the second wedge 562 until the driving force of the wastewater on the inner guide ring 530 and the elastic force exerted by the third elastic element 550 on the inner guide ring 530 to resist its rotation are balanced. At this point, the inner guide ring 530 remains in its current position. As the wastewater treatment time increases, due to the inner guide channel 531... The flow area of ​​the inner guide channel 531 is smaller than that of the outer guide channel 521. Therefore, impurities in the wastewater gradually accumulate at the inner guide channel 531, reducing its flow area. Consequently, the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 through the inner guide channel 531 decreases. The elastic force exerted by the third elastic element 550 on the inner guide ring 530 to prevent its continued rotation is greater than the driving force exerted by the wastewater on the inner guide ring 530. Therefore, the inner guide ring 530 moves upward while rotating in the opposite direction. When the inner guide channel 531 is blocked to the point that the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 is less than a preset value, the inner guide ring 530 moves upward to... Figure 10 As shown in the state, the flow control component 500 switches to the second state. Next, the wastewater can directly enter the heat exchange tube 200 through the outer guide channel 521. Since the sum of the flow areas of the multiple outer guide channels 521 is basically the same as the sum of the flow areas of the multiple inner guide channels 531, the flow rate of the wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 is basically the same.

[0068] It should also be noted that the reason why the wastewater in the first state flows into the heat exchange tube 200 through the inner guide channel 531 is because the flow area of ​​the inner guide channel 531 is smaller. When the sum of the flow areas of multiple inner guide channels 531 and multiple outer guide channels 521 is the same, the number of inner guide channels 531 is greater and the arrangement is denser. This is beneficial to improving the film formation effect of wastewater on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 200.

[0069] In a further embodiment, such as Figures 4-10 As shown, the flow control assembly 500 also includes a tapered guide block 570, the upper diameter of which is smaller than the lower diameter, and the upper end of the tapered guide block 570 is located at the bottom of the upper push rod 540.

[0070] The conical guide block 570 is provided to guide the wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube 200 through the inner guide groove 531, so that the wastewater can more easily form a water film flowing downward along the peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube 200.

[0071] Understandably, when the flow control component 500 switches to the second state, the wastewater flows directly into the heat exchange tube 200 through the outer guide channel 521. Since the inner diameter of the outer guide ring 520 is the same as the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 200, the wastewater flowing in through the outer guide channel 521 will flow downward along the periphery of the heat exchange tube 200, and it is easy to form a water film flowing downward along the periphery of the heat exchange tube 200, rather than forming a water column.

[0072] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater also includes a gas-liquid separator 600. The gas-liquid separator 600 is connected to the lower part of the evaporator shell 100 and is used to receive secondary steam. Specifically, the third shell 103 is provided with two steam outlets 130, which are connected to the inlet end of the gas-liquid separator 600 to receive steam. The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 600 is connected to the compressor 700 to deliver low-temperature, low-pressure gas into the compressor 700. The outlet end of the compressor 700 is connected to the second shell 102 to deliver high-temperature, high-pressure air into the evaporator shell 100 to achieve continuous evaporation operation.

[0073] A process for treating saline industrial wastewater, using the aforementioned saline industrial wastewater treatment equipment, includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Set the wastewater flow rate into wastewater inlet 110 to the maximum flow rate for 1 minute;

[0075] Step 2: Adjust the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet 110 to the set target flow rate, which is less than the maximum flow rate.

[0076] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0077] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A treatment device for saline industrial wastewater, characterized in that, include: Evaporator casing, with a vertical axis; The wastewater inlet is located at the top of the evaporator shell; The concentrate outlet is located at the bottom of the evaporator shell; There are multiple heat exchange tubes, and the axes of these multiple heat exchange tubes are vertical and evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the evaporator shell inside the evaporator shell. There are multiple liquid distribution plates, which are located above the heat exchange tubes and are arranged at intervals along the axis of the evaporator shell and slidably disposed inside the evaporator shell. An adjustment assembly, located within the evaporator housing, is used to ensure that the spacing between multiple liquid distribution discs is negatively correlated with the flow rate of the wastewater inlet. The adjustment assembly includes an impeller, a drive shaft, a drive sleeve, a first elastic element, a second elastic element, and a third elastic element. The drive shaft is coaxially and rotatably mounted within the evaporator housing, with its upper end located within the wastewater inlet. The impeller is coaxially mounted at the upper end of the drive shaft. The two ends of the first elastic element are connected to the wastewater inlet and the drive shaft, respectively, to prevent the drive shaft from rotating clockwise around its axis. Multiple drive sleeves are helically coupled to the drive shaft, each corresponding to one of the multiple liquid distribution discs. The axial distance between the multiple drive sleeves and the drive shaft decreases from top to bottom, with the lowest drive sleeve corresponding to the... The liquid distribution plate can move relative to the liquid distribution plate in the axial direction. Other transmission sleeves are coaxially fixed to the corresponding liquid distribution plate. The second elastic element is connected between the lowest liquid distribution plate and the corresponding transmission sleeve to prevent the lowest liquid distribution plate and the corresponding transmission sleeve from getting close to each other. The inner peripheral wall of the transmission sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and the pitch of the spiral groove of the multiple transmission sleeves decreases from top to bottom. Multiple guide posts are axially spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission shaft. The multiple guide posts correspond one-to-one with the multiple transmission sleeves, and the guide posts are slidably connected in the spiral groove of the corresponding transmission sleeve. The outer peripheral wall of the lowest transmission sleeve is provided with a long sliding groove, which extends along the axis of the transmission sleeve. The inner peripheral wall of the liquid distribution plate is provided with a slider, which is slidably connected in the long sliding groove.

2. The treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes flow control components, which are multiple in number and connected one-to-one with multiple heat exchange tubes to control the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tubes. In the initial state, the flow control component is in the first state, and the flow control component controls the flow rate of wastewater flowing into the heat exchange tube to the first flow rate; When the wastewater flow rate in the heat exchange tube is less than the preset value, the flow control component switches to the second state. At this time, the flow control component controls the wastewater flow rate into the heat exchange tube to the second flow rate, which is equal to the first flow rate.

3. The treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow control assembly includes a fixed ring, an outer guide ring, an inner guide ring, an upper push rod, a third elastic element, and a locking unit. The fixed ring is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the heat exchange tube. The outer guide ring is coaxially fixed to the fixed ring and has a through bottom with multiple outer guide grooves circumferentially. The inner guide ring is coaxial and slidably fitted inside the outer guide ring and has a through bottom with multiple inner guide grooves circumferentially. The extension direction of the inner guide grooves is inclined to the radial line of the inner guide ring, and the flow area of ​​the inner guide grooves is smaller than that of the outer guide grooves. The sum of the flow areas of the multiple inner guide grooves is equal to the sum of the flow areas of the multiple outer guide grooves. The upper push rod is coaxially fixed to the inner guide ring. The third elastic element is connected between the upper push rod and the outer guide ring to prevent the upper push rod from approaching the outer guide ring. The locking unit is connected between the outer guide ring and the inner guide ring to restrict the movement of the inner guide ring relative to the axis of the outer guide ring.

4. The treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking unit includes a first wedge and a second wedge. The first wedge is disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the outer guide ring, and the second wedge is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the inner guide ring. The inclined surfaces of the first wedge and the second wedge can slide and engage with each other.

5. The treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow control assembly also includes a tapered guide block, the upper diameter of which is smaller than the lower diameter, and the upper end of the tapered guide block is located at the bottom of the upper push rod.

6. The treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gas-liquid separator, which is connected to the lower part of the evaporator shell and is used to receive secondary steam.

7. A treatment process for saline industrial wastewater, characterized in that, The treatment equipment for saline industrial wastewater according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: Step 1: Set the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet to the maximum flow rate for 1 minute; Step 2: Adjust the wastewater flow rate into the wastewater inlet to the set target flow rate, which is less than the maximum flow rate.

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