A method and system for intelligent separation settlement of earthwork quantity based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling

Abstract

The application provides a kind of earthwork quantity intelligent separation settlement method and system based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling, and relates to the technical field of earthwork quantity separation, wherein the earthwork quantity intelligent separation settlement method adopts the mode that type attribute is given to boundary line and is combined with the automatic connection closure of multi-period same-numbered boundary, realizes the fusion of multi-period aerial photography data, completely records the whole process of dynamic change of earthwork boundary with excavation operation, solves the problem that static measurement cannot dynamically capture the change of earthwork boundary with the increase of excavation depth, and improves the accuracy of earthwork quantity calculation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of earthwork volume separation, and in particular to an intelligent earthwork volume separation and settlement method and system based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In large earthwork construction such as road and field, the foundation excavation often encounters soil and stone mixed stratum. Because of the huge differences in excavation cost, unit price and construction technology between earthwork and stone work, accurate separation and measurement of earthwork volume and stone work volume is the key to engineering settlement and has been a long-standing industry pain point. The current mainstream earthwork volume separation methods include the following:

[0003] (1) Artificial judgment method: relying on the site visual demarcation of soil and stone boundary by supervision and construction personnel, which is highly subjective and easy to cause disputes, and cannot trace back and review historical changes.

[0004] (2) Single model method: although unmanned aerial vehicles are used to calculate earthwork volume, only total volume change can be calculated, and soil and stone materials cannot be automatically distinguished within the model, and the separation calculation of earthwork volume and stone volume cannot be realized.

[0005] (3) Static section method: using total station and other instruments to measure the section, but only static data at a certain point in time can be obtained, and the constantly changing soil and stone boundary with the increase of excavation depth cannot be dynamically captured, resulting in inaccurate calculation of earthwork volume and stone volume.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent solution that can dynamically track, objectively record, and automatically process changes in soil and stone boundaries, and ultimately achieve high-precision, high-efficiency, and traceable earthwork and stone separation settlement. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems raised in the background art, and provides an intelligent earthwork volume separation and settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling to improve the accuracy of earthwork volume calculation.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0009] An intelligent earthwork volume separation and settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, a three-dimensional space coordinate system is established with the center line of the to-be-excavated road as the reference, and a plurality of cross sections are set along the length direction of the to-be-excavated road at a predetermined distance interval;

[0011] S2, dynamic marking and data acquisition: as the mechanical excavation progresses, the construction personnel use physical markers to mark the soil-rock boundary at multiple times, and after each time of marking is completed, a UAV is used to take a photo of the marked work area, and orthophoto and oblique photo of the work area at the current period are collected;

[0012] S3, real scene three-dimensional modeling and road center line fitting: generate and display a real scene three-dimensional model based on the orthophoto and oblique photo of the work area collected by the UAV, and then fit the design center line data of the to-be-excavated road with the real scene three-dimensional model to establish a unified coordinate reference;

[0013] S4, attribute boundary line drawing and identification: the user directly selects the physical markers arranged on the displayed real scene three-dimensional model, and draws a boundary line according to the selected physical markers, and attributes are given to the boundary line when it is drawn; identify the boundary line with attributes, and store the identified boundary line with attributes as vector data with metadata;

[0014] S5, multi-period boundary line mapping and space-time fusion: vertically project the multi-period drawn boundary line with attributes onto each cross-sectional view of the road to form a projection point; according to the attributes of the boundary line, connect the projection points formed by the multi-period boundary line on each cross-sectional view to form a closed area, and give each generated closed area an attribute label of "earthwork region";

[0015] S6, volume calculation: based on the cross-sectional method, calculate the closed area of each marked "earthwork region", and accumulate the total earthwork volume according to the earthwork volume between adjacent cross sections and the cross section distance; subtract the earthwork volume from the total volume of the earthwork of the current period to obtain the earthwork volume of the current period.

[0016] Further, the attributes at least include boundary line number and boundary line type, and the boundary line type is defined as "initial boundary line", "process boundary line" and "final boundary line"; when the excavation reaches the rock layer and the field engineer judges that the soil-rock boundary has been reached at T1, the boundary line formed by using the physical marker to mark along the boundary is positioned as the "initial boundary line"; as the excavation proceeds, the boundary line formed by using the physical marker to mark along the boundary at T2 when the earthwork boundary expands is positioned as the "process boundary line"; when the excavation reaches the earthwork lower soil-rock boundary line at T3, the boundary line formed by using the physical marker to mark along the boundary is positioned as the "final boundary line".

[0017] Further, the top of the plurality of physical markers used is provided with high-contrast and different-shaped markers as codes, and the different-shaped codes are bound with the corresponding boundary line types.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, at times T1, T2 and T3, multiple physical markers with different shapes and codes are used to mark along the boundary to distinguish boundary lines of different boundary line types.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S5, the method of connecting the projection points formed by multiple boundary lines on each cross-sectional view to form a closed region according to the properties of the boundary lines includes: if there are projection points formed by "initial boundary line" and "final boundary line" with the same number on the same cross-section, then connect the two to form a closed region; if there are projection points formed by "process boundary line" with the same number on the same cross-section, then connect the projection point formed by the "process boundary line" with the projection point formed by the "initial boundary line" or "process boundary line" of the previous period with the same number to form a temporary closed region, until it is closed with the projection point formed by the "final boundary line" with the same number to form a closed region.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S6, the calculation results of the total stone volume and earthwork volume are output in the form of visual charts, and an audit report containing the boundary evolution process of multiple periods is generated for settlement record keeping.

[0021] Furthermore, the audit report includes the following:

[0022] Snapshots of real-world 3D models from each period are used to clearly demonstrate the evolution of the soil and rock boundary.

[0023] A collection of cross-sectional views with closed areas of stone blocks serves as direct evidence of the calculation process;

[0024] Earthwork and stonework quantity calculation table;

[0025] Timestamps of all operations and operator logs.

[0026] Furthermore, when using a drone to take aerial photos of the marked work area in step S2, the drone's flight parameters are set as follows: relative flight altitude to the work surface: 50-80 meters, directional overlap: ≥80%, lateral overlap: ≥70%, ground resolution: ≤2cm / pixel, acquisition mode: five-way flight; and the drone's flight metadata, including timestamps and flight IDs, is recorded.

[0027] Further, step S6 includes:

[0028] Traverse all cross sections, and for each cross section, calculate the area of ​​the "earthwork area" and the "stonework area" respectively;

[0029] When the volume is calculated by using the cross-section method, the calculation engine is based on the material attribute of the region to be selected and accumulated, wherein the stone volume = the closed region area of all cross-sections with the attribute of material: rock, which is calculated by using the prism formula and accumulated section by section; and the earth volume = the total volume of the earth and stone of the current collection volume - the stone volume.

[0030] The application further provides an intelligent separation settlement system for earth and stone volume based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling, comprising:

[0031] The data receiving module is configured to receive the imported road center line of the to-be-excavated road, a plurality of cross-sections arranged at preset distance intervals along the length direction of the to-be-excavated road, and the orthographic image and the oblique image of the operation area collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and to establish a three-dimensional space coordinate system with the to-be-excavated road center line as a reference;

[0032] The three-dimensional modeling module is configured to generate a real scene three-dimensional model based on the orthographic image and the oblique image of the operation area collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and to fit the road design center line data with the real scene three-dimensional model to establish a unified coordinate reference;

[0033] The interaction module is configured to display the real scene three-dimensional model generated by the three-dimensional modeling module and interact with the user to obtain physical marker information and boundary line attribute information selected by the user, draw a boundary line according to the physical marker selected by the user, and assign corresponding attributes to the drawn boundary line;

[0034] The recognition module is configured to recognize the boundary line with attributes, and store the recognized boundary line with attributes as vector data with metadata;

[0035] The mapping and space-time fusion module is configured to vertically project the multi-period drawn boundary line with attributes onto each cross-section diagram of the road to form a projection point; according to the attribute of the boundary line, connect the projection points formed by the multi-period boundary line on each cross-section diagram to form a closed region, and assign an attribute label of "stone region" to each generated closed region;

[0036] The volume calculation module is configured to automatically calculate the closed area marked as "stone region" based on the cross-section method, automatically accumulate and calculate the total stone volume according to the stone volume and the cross-section distance between adjacent cross-sections, and subtract the stone volume from the total volume of the earth and stone of the current collection volume to obtain the earth volume of the current period.

[0037] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The earthwork intelligent separation settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of the application adopts the mode of giving type attributes to boundary lines and combining multi-period same-numbered boundary automatic connection closure, realizes fusion of multi-period aerial photography data, completely records the whole process of dynamic changes of earthwork boundary with excavation operation, solves the problem that static measurement cannot dynamically capture the constantly changing earthwork boundary changes with the increase of excavation depth, and improves the accuracy of earthwork calculation.

[0039] The earthwork intelligent separation settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of the application, all boundaries are based on field marking and three-dimensional model demarcation, data is real and reliable, process leaves traces all the way, effectively avoids settlement disputes, and audit clues are clear.

[0040] The earthwork intelligent separation settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of the application realizes high automation from boundary identification, mapping, closure to calculation, releases technical personnel from tedious manual interpretation and calculation, and can improve the efficiency of earthwork separation settlement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A flow chart of an earthwork intelligent separation settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of a preferred embodiment of the application.

[0042] Figure 2 A display schematic diagram of multi-period earthwork boundary lines on a real scene three-dimensional model by using the earthwork intelligent separation settlement method of the preferred embodiment of the application, wherein red represents initial boundary lines, blue represents process boundary lines; P1-a and P1-b represent points of the initial boundary lines on the cross-sectional line; P2-a and P2-b represent points of the process boundary lines on the cross-sectional line.

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of mapping, connecting and forming a closed area of multi-period earthwork boundary lines on a cross-sectional diagram of the real scene three-dimensional model by using the earthwork intelligent separation settlement method of the preferred embodiment of the application. Figure 2

[0044] Figure 4 A module diagram of an earthwork intelligent separation settlement system based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of a preferred embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] ​With reference to the drawings and the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts should fall within the scope of the present application.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0047] It should also be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations thereof, and includes these combinations.

[0049] Various structural diagrams according to the disclosed embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. These diagrams are not drawn to scale, in which certain details are exaggerated for the purpose of clarity and certain details can be omitted. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are only exemplary, and in actuality, there can be deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and regions / layers with different shapes, sizes and relative positions can be additionally designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 A preferred embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent separation settlement method for earthwork based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1, a three-dimensional space coordinate system is established based on the center line of the road to be excavated, and a plurality of cross sections are set at a predetermined distance interval along the length direction of the road to be excavated.

[0052] In this embodiment, a cross section is set every 20 meters along the length direction of the road to be excavated, and a unique stake number identification is created for each cross section, such as K1+020, which represents the first cross section, and the adjacent two cross sections are spaced 20 meters apart.

[0053] S2, dynamic marking and data collection: as the mechanical excavation progresses, the construction personnel mark the soil-rock boundary at multiple times using physical markers, and after each time of marking, the marked work area is photographed by a UAV, and the orthographic image and oblique image of the work area at the current period are collected.

[0054] In this embodiment, a batch of specially designed cone cylinders for visual marking are provided as physical markers. The top of each cone cylinder is attached with high-contrast, different-shaped markers, which are divided into square (A1), circular (B1), and triangular (C1) as codes. Different types of codes can be bound in the system as "initial boundary line", "process boundary line", or "final boundary line" markers in advance, providing a basis for automatic identification and classification of subsequent computer vision algorithms, for example, using cone markers with square (A1) code to mark "initial boundary line", using cone markers with circular (B1) code to mark "process boundary line", and using cone markers with triangular (C1) code to mark "final boundary line".

[0055] In this embodiment, dynamic marking is carried out at the construction site. Specifically, when excavating to the rock layer, the site engineer judges that the soil-rock boundary has been reached, and immediately uses the cone cylinder coded as "square (A1)" (representing the initial boundary line) to lay along the stone boundary line. Then, the operator uses the UAV to perform automatic flight of the preset flight path to photograph the marked work area, thereby collecting the orthographic image and high-overlap oblique image of the work area at the current period. The flight parameters of the UAV are set as follows: flight height relative to the work surface: 50-80 meters, heading overlap degree: ≥80%, lateral overlap degree: ≥70%, ground resolution: ≤2 cm / pixel, collection mode: five-way flight; and the metadata of the UAV flight, including timestamp and flight ID, are automatically recorded. After the collection is completed and the UAV lands, the collected image data is automatically uploaded to the cloud receiving platform of the UAV through 4G / 5G network or local area network.

[0056] As the excavation proceeds, the boundary line formed by marking the stone boundary using physical markers at T2 when the stone boundary expands is positioned as "process boundary line"; and the boundary line formed by marking the stone boundary using physical markers at T3 when the excavation reaches the lower soil-rock boundary line is positioned as "final boundary line". The physical markers can be cone cylinders, flags, or coded targets, etc. The top of each of the multiple physical markers is attached with high-contrast, different-shaped markers as codes, and different shapes of codes are bound with corresponding boundary line types. At T1, T2, and T3, multiple physical markers with different-shaped codes are used to mark the boundary to distinguish different boundary line types.

[0057] S3, real scene three-dimensional modeling and road center line fitting: based on the orthographic image and oblique image collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle, a real scene three-dimensional model is generated and displayed, and then the design center line data of the to-be-excavated road is fitted with the real scene three-dimensional model to establish a unified coordinate reference.

[0058] In the present embodiment, after the cloud receiving platform of the unmanned aerial vehicle receives the image at T1, a high-precision real scene three-dimensional grid model (such as an osgb format) and a digital surface model (DSM) are automatically generated. The cloud receiving platform of the unmanned aerial vehicle also provides an interactive interface for displaying the generated real scene three-dimensional grid model. The design center line data of the to-be-excavated road can be obtained from the design drawing of the to-be-excavated road.

[0059] S4, attribute boundary line drawing and identification: the user directly selects the physical markers arranged on site on the displayed real scene three-dimensional model, and draws a boundary line according to the selected physical markers, and attributes the boundary line drawn with corresponding attributes; identify the boundary line with attributes and store the identified boundary line with attributes as vector data with metadata.

[0060] In the present embodiment, the cloud receiving platform is built-in with a computer vision algorithm to automatically identify and highlight all coded cone cylinders, thereby facilitating subsequent selection by the user and greatly reducing the workload of manual searching. Specifically, the computer vision algorithm is a marker recognition method based on deep learning, which generally includes the following steps: first, target detection is performed using a YOLOv5 model to identify all coded cone cylinder images; second, the coordinates of the identified cone cylinder images are converted to model three-dimensional coordinates through coordinate conversion, so that the coordinate reference is unified. The target detection by the YOLOv5 model and the subsequent coordinate conversion method are both prior art, and therefore will not be described here in detail to save space.

[0061] The attributes at least include the boundary line number and the boundary line type, and the boundary line type is defined as "initial boundary line", "process boundary line" and "final boundary line", and different boundary line numbers are used to distinguish different stone areas, i.e. the same stone area has the same number, and the closed area of the stone may be formed after multiple excavations, and the boundary line formed by each excavation of the same stone area is represented by the same number. The method of attributing the boundary line with corresponding attributes is as follows: after the cloud receiving platform automatically identifies all coded cone cylinder images, the images are displayed on the real scene three-dimensional model, and then, for the real scene three-dimensional model generated from the image collected at T1, the user performs the following operations on the real scene three-dimensional model displayed in the three-dimensional model view through the interactive interface of the cloud receiving platform:

[0062] The user connects the cone cylinders coded as "square (A1)" in sequence by means of a mouse or the like to draw the first boundary line L1;

[0063] In the pop-up attribute panel, the user defines the attributes for L1 from the drop-down menu, specifically: boundary line number selection: F-001 (system can automatically incrementally generate); boundary line type selection: initial boundary line; time of period selection: T1 (automatically associated); remarks can be filled in: first time to find the stone boundary. After the attributes of the first boundary line L1 are determined correctly, this boundary line L1 is no longer a simple line segment in the system, but a vector object with structured attributes. Finally, the cloud receiving platform automatically recognizes the drawn boundary line with attributes, specifically, using the computer vision algorithm built-in in the cloud receiving platform, using the YOLOv5 model to automatically recognize and highlight the drawn boundary line with attributes, and using the B-spline curve algorithm to fit the recognized boundary line, and finally storing the recognized boundary line with attributes as vector data with metadata, which can be stored in the spatial database of the cloud receiving platform. The method of using the YOLOv5 model to detect and recognize images and using the B-spline curve algorithm to fit the recognized boundary line belongs to the prior art, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0064] Repeat steps S2-S4 to operate on the data of the images collected in subsequent periods, specifically, as the road excavation progresses, the stone boundary expands, at time T2, the engineer marks the new soil and stone boundary using a cone cylinder coded as "circle (B1)" (representing a process boundary line), takes a photo again and uploads the collected image data. On the cloud receiving platform, the user draws a new boundary line L2 along the newly marked boundary line and gives it the attributes: number F-001 (the same as L1), type: process boundary line. When excavating to the lower stone boundary line, the engineer marks the new boundary using a cone cylinder coded as "triangle (C1)" (representing the final boundary line), takes a photo again and uploads the collected image data, on the cloud receiving platform, the user draws a new boundary line L3 along the newly marked boundary line and gives it the attributes: number F-001 (the same as L1), type: final boundary line.

[0065] S5, multi-period boundary line mapping and space-time fusion: vertically project the multi-period drawn boundary line with attributes onto each cross-section of the road to form a projection point; according to the attributes of the boundary line, connect the projection points formed by the multi-period boundary line on each cross-section to form a closed area, and give each generated closed area the attribute label of "stone area".

[0066] In the embodiment, the method of connecting the projection points of the multi-period boundary lines on each cross-section map to form a closed area according to the number and attribute of the boundary line in step S5 includes: if there are projection points of the same number of the “initial boundary line” and the “final boundary line” on the same cross-section, connecting the two to form a closed area; if there is a projection point of the same number of the “process boundary line” on the same cross-section (the projection of the “process boundary line” on the cross-section is represented by two points), connecting the projection point of the “process boundary line” with the projection point of the “initial boundary line” or the projection point of the “process boundary line” of the last period of the same number to form a temporary closed area, until the projection point of the “final boundary line” of the same number is closed to form a closed area.

[0067] Specifically, when performing multi-period boundary line mapping and space-time fusion, first, the user triggers the “calculate” instruction on the interactive interface, at which time the core algorithm of the cloud receiving platform starts to work: first, data query is performed, that is, all boundary line objects numbered F-001 are queried in the database of the cloud receiving platform and sorted according to time T1, T2; then, cross-section mapping operation is performed, that is, the two stone boundary lines L1 and L2 in the three-dimensional space are projected vertically onto each cross-section map of the road; finally, automatic connection and closing operation is performed, that is, according to the stake number annotation on the road center line, the cross-section line is extracted, usually at an interval of 20 m, in this case, in the T1 period, L1 (initial boundary line) is projected onto the cross-section as one point P1 or two points P1_a and P1_b (in this embodiment, P1_a and P1_b); in the T2 period, L2 (process boundary line) is projected as one point P2 or two points P2_a and P2_b (in this embodiment, P2_a and P2_b); in the T3 period, L3 (final boundary line) is projected as one point P3 or two points P3_a and P3_b (in this embodiment, P3_a and P3_b); according to the same number (F-001) and type attribute, P1, P1_a, P1_b, P2, P2_a, P2_b, P3, P3_a, P3_b (in this embodiment, P1_a, P1_b, P2_a, P2_b, P3_a, P3_b) are automatically connected to form a closed area on the cross-section map, and are automatically marked as “stone area”.

[0068] S6, volume calculation: based on the cross-section method, the closed area marked as “stone area” is calculated, the total stone volume is calculated by accumulating the stone volume between adjacent cross-sections and the cross-section interval, and the earth volume of the current period is obtained by subtracting the stone volume from the total earth volume of the current period. In the embodiment, step S6 specifically includes:

[0069] S61, traverse all cross sections, for each cross section, calculate the area of "earthwork area" and "stone area" respectively; wherein, the "earthwork area" is the area of the cross section minus the "stone area".

[0070] S62, when calculating the amount of stone, the calculation engine is based on the material properties of the area to filter and accumulate, wherein the amount of stone is the closed area of the material: rock in all cross sections, and the amount of stone is calculated by accumulating each section according to the prism formula; the amount of earthwork is the total volume of earthwork (calculated by the original ground model and the design model) minus the amount of stone.

[0071] In the embodiment, the calculation results of the total amount of stone and earthwork are output in the form of a visual chart, and an audit report containing the boundary evolution process of multiple periods can be generated for settlement of the remaining bottom. The content of the audit report can include:

[0072] (1) snapshots of real three-dimensional models of each period, which are used to clearly show the evolution process of the earthwork boundary;

[0073] (2) a collection of cross section drawings with stone closed areas as direct evidence of the calculation process;

[0074] (3) earthwork and stone engineering quantity calculation table;

[0075] (4) time stamp and operator log of all operations to ensure that the process is auditable and traceable.

[0076] The embodiment of the application also provides a soil and stone quantity intelligent separation settlement system based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling, which is built into a cloud receiving platform of a UAV, and comprises:

[0077] The data receiving module is configured to receive the imported road center line of the to-be-excavated road, a plurality of cross sections set according to a preset distance interval along the length direction of the to-be-excavated road, and the orthographic image and oblique image of the working area collected by the UAV, and establish a three-dimensional space coordinate system with the to-be-excavated road center line as a reference. In the embodiment, the data receiving module can communicate with the UAV or the user terminal through a 4G / 5G network or a local area network to transmit data information.

[0078] The three-dimensional modeling module is configured to generate a real three-dimensional model based on the orthographic image and oblique image of the working area collected by the UAV, and to fit the road design center line data with the real three-dimensional model to establish a unified coordinate reference.

[0079] An interaction module is configured to display the real-scene three-dimensional model generated by the three-dimensional modeling module and interact with the user to obtain physical marker information and boundary line attribute information selected by the user, draw a boundary line according to the physical marker selected by the user, and assign a corresponding attribute to the drawn boundary line. In the embodiment, the interaction module is an interaction interface of a cloud receiving platform of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0080] An identification module is configured to identify the boundary line with the attribute and store the identified boundary line with the attribute as vector data with metadata. In the embodiment, the identification module is built-in computer vision algorithm for identifying the physical marker and the boundary line drawn by the user, and fitting the identified boundary line.

[0081] A mapping and space-time fusion module is configured to vertically project the multi-period drawn boundary line with the attribute onto each cross-section map of the road to form a projection point, connect the projection points formed by the multi-period boundary line on each cross-section map to form a closed area according to the attribute of the boundary line, and assign a "earthwork area" attribute label to each generated closed area.

[0082] An earthwork calculation module is configured to calculate each closed area marked as "earthwork area" based on the cross-section method, accumulate the total earthwork volume according to the earthwork volume between adjacent cross-sections and the cross-section distance, and obtain the current earthwork volume by subtracting the earthwork volume from the total earthwork volume of the current period.

[0083] In the embodiment, the intelligent separation settlement system based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of earthwork volume further includes a storage module for storing vector data with metadata, snapshots of real-scene three-dimensional models of each period, a collection of cross-section maps with earthwork closed areas, earthwork and earthwork engineering quantity calculation tables, time stamps of all operations, operation person logs, etc.

[0084] The intelligent separation settlement method of earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of the application adopts the method of assigning type attributes to the boundary line and automatically connecting the closure of the multi-period boundary with the same number, realizes the fusion of multi-period aerial photography data, completely records the whole process of the dynamic change of the earthwork boundary with the excavation operation, solves the problem that static measurement cannot dynamically capture the constantly changing earthwork boundary change with the increase of excavation depth, changes the traditional rough process of first calculating the total volume and then manually deducting the earthwork, realizes accurate and attribute-based automatic separation calculation, and improves the accuracy of earthwork volume calculation.

[0085] The intelligent separation settlement method of earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of the application, all boundaries are based on on-site marking and three-dimensional model demarcation, data is real and reliable, process is full-process traceable, effectively avoids settlement disputes, and audit clues are clear.

[0086] The earthwork intelligent separation settlement method based on dynamic marking and multi-period three-dimensional modeling of the application realizes high automation from boundary identification, mapping, closure to calculation, liberates technical personnel from tedious manual interpretation and calculation, and can improve the efficiency of earthwork separation settlement by more than 50%.

[0087] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0088] The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams according to the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus produce a device that implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus that carries out the functions specified in one or more blocks.

[0089] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including instruction apparatus, which implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus that carries out the functions specified in one or more blocks.

[0090] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, so that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus provide a process for implementing the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 an apparatus that carries out the functions specified in one or more blocks.

[0091] The above description is for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made under the technical spirit of the present application should be covered by the patent scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent separation and settlement of earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Establish a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system with the centerline of the road to be excavated as the reference, and set several cross sections at preset distance intervals along the length of the road to be excavated. S2, Dynamic Marking and Data Acquisition: As the mechanical excavation progresses, construction workers use physical markers to mark the soil and rock boundary at multiple times. After marking is completed at each time, a drone is used to take aerial photos of the marked work area to acquire orthophoto and oblique images of the work area in the current phase. S3, Real-scene 3D modeling and road centerline overlay: Based on the orthophoto and oblique images of the work area collected by the UAV, a real-scene 3D model is generated and displayed. Then, the design centerline data of the road to be excavated is overlaid with the real-scene 3D model to establish a unified coordinate reference. S4, Attributed Boundary Line Drawing and Recognition: The user directly selects the physical markers arranged on-site on the displayed real-world 3D model, and draws boundary lines according to the selected physical markers. When drawing the boundary lines, the user assigns corresponding attributes to the boundary lines; the user recognizes the boundary lines with attributes and stores the recognized boundary lines with attributes as vector data with metadata. S5, Multi-phase boundary line mapping and spatiotemporal fusion: Vertically project the boundary lines with attributes drawn in multiple phases onto each cross-sectional view of the road to form projection points; according to the attributes of the boundary lines, connect the projection points formed by the multi-phase boundary lines on each cross-sectional view to form a closed region, and assign the attribute label "stone area" to each generated closed region. S6, Volume Calculation: Based on the cross-section method, calculate the closed area of ​​each area marked as "stone area". According to the stone area and cross-section spacing between adjacent cross sections, the total stone volume is calculated by summing them up. Subtract the stone volume from the total volume of earth and stone received in the current period to obtain the earth volume for the current period.

2. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The attributes include at least the boundary line number and the boundary line type, which are defined as "initial boundary line", "process boundary line" and "final boundary line". When excavation reaches the rock strata, at time T1 when the site engineer determines that the soil-rock boundary has been reached, the boundary line formed by marking the boundary with physical markers is located as the "initial boundary line". As excavation progresses and the rock boundary expands, at time T2, the boundary line formed by marking the boundary with physical markers is located as the "process boundary line". When excavation reaches the soil-rock boundary line below the rock, at time T3, the boundary line formed by marking the boundary with physical markers is located as the "final boundary line".

3. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tops of the multiple physical markers used are affixed with high-contrast, differently shaped markers as encoding, and the different shaped codes are bound to the corresponding boundary line types.

4. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, at times T1, T2 and T3, multiple physical markers with different shapes and codes are used to mark along the boundary to distinguish boundary lines of different boundary line types.

5. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step S5, the method of connecting the projection points formed by multiple boundary lines on each cross-sectional view to form a closed region according to the properties of the boundary lines includes: if there are projection points formed by "initial boundary line" and "final boundary line" with the same number on the same cross-section, then connect the two to form a closed region; if there are projection points formed by "process boundary line" with the same number on the same cross-section, then connect the projection point formed by the "process boundary line" with the projection point formed by the "initial boundary line" or "process boundary line" of the previous period with the same number to form a temporary closed region, until it is closed with the projection point formed by the "final boundary line" with the same number to form a closed region.

6. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the calculation results of the total stone volume and the current earthwork volume are output in the form of a visual chart, and an audit report containing the boundary evolution process of multiple periods is generated for settlement record keeping.

7. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The audit report includes the following: Snapshots of real-world 3D models from each period are used to clearly demonstrate the evolution of the soil and rock boundary. A collection of cross-sectional views with closed areas of stone blocks serves as direct evidence of the calculation process; Earthwork and stonework quantity calculation table; Timestamps of all operations and operator logs.

8. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When using a drone to take aerial photos of the marked work area in step S2, the drone's flight parameters are set as follows: flight altitude relative to the work surface: 50-80 meters, directional overlap: ≥80%, lateral overlap: ≥70%, ground resolution: ≤2cm / pixel, acquisition mode: five-way flight; and record the drone's flight metadata, including timestamps and flight IDs.

9. The intelligent separation and settlement method for earthwork volume based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S6 includes: Traverse all cross sections, and for each cross section, calculate the area of ​​the "earthwork area" and the "rockwork area" respectively; When calculating volume using the cross-section method, the calculation engine filters and accumulates based on the material properties of the region. Among them, the rock volume = the area of ​​the closed region with the property "material: rock" in all cross-sections, calculated segment by segment according to the prism formula; the current earthwork volume = the total volume of earthwork and stonework received in the current period - the rock volume.

10. A smart earthwork volume separation and settlement system based on dynamic marking and multi-phase 3D modeling, characterized in that, include: The data receiving module is configured to: receive the imported road centerline of the road to be excavated, several cross sections set at preset distance intervals along the length of the road to be excavated, and receive orthophotos and oblique images of the work area collected by the UAV, and establish a three-dimensional spatial coordinate system based on the centerline of the road to be excavated. The 3D modeling module is configured to generate a real-world 3D model based on orthophotos and oblique images of the work area collected by UAVs, and to overlay the design centerline data of the road to be excavated with the real-world 3D model to establish a unified coordinate reference. The interaction module is configured to: display the real-world 3D model generated by the 3D modeling module and interact with the user to obtain information on the physical markers and boundary line attributes selected by the user; draw boundary lines based on the physical markers selected by the user and assign corresponding attributes to the drawn boundary lines. The recognition module is configured to: recognize boundary lines with attributes and store the recognized boundary lines with attributes as vector data with metadata; The mapping and spatiotemporal fusion module is configured to: vertically project the boundary lines with attributes drawn in multiple phases onto each cross-sectional view of the road to form projection points; according to the attributes of the boundary lines, connect the projection points formed by the boundary lines in multiple phases on each cross-sectional view to form a closed region, and assign the attribute label "stone area" to each generated closed region. The volume calculation module is configured to: calculate the closed area of ​​each area marked as "stone area" based on the cross section method; automatically accumulate and calculate the total stone volume based on the stone area and cross section spacing between adjacent cross sections; and subtract the stone volume from the total volume of earth and stone received in the current period to obtain the earth volume for the current period.

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