A cbct image device for oral examination and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of oral cavity examination, in particular to a CBCT image equipment for oral cavity examination and a use method thereof. The CBCT image equipment for oral cavity examination comprises an elevator provided with a CBCT ball tube head and a sensor, and is provided with a chin support table fixedly installed at the middle position of the elevator, the sensor rotates in the oral cavity at 360 degrees through a steering end head, four wireless cameras are uniformly distributed on the steering end head, and a movable nozzle for spraying contrast medium and auxiliary agent into the oral cavity to cooperate with the CBCT ball tube head is movably installed in the steering end head. The chin support table is arranged on the elevator, the display and the sensor are arranged on the extension frame and the embedded pipeline in the chin support table respectively, the sensor is realized to be sucked in the mouth through the embedded pipeline, the specific marking auxiliary agent is bromocresol green, the contrast medium can show color change, the mixed agent made of the contrast medium and the auxiliary agent is observed in combination with the CBCT ball tube head, and the intuitive and accurate judgment basis is provided for diagnosis and treatment analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oral examination technology, and in particular to a CBCT imaging device for oral examination and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Precise diagnosis in oral medicine relies heavily on advanced imaging technologies, among which cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) represents a revolutionary breakthrough in oral imaging over the past decade. CBCT provides millimeter-level precision in three-dimensional imaging, clearly revealing the spatial relationships of anatomical structures such as teeth, alveolar bone, nerve canals, and maxillary sinuses, providing crucial decision-making support for treatments such as implant restoration, orthodontic correction, and impacted tooth extraction.

[0003] Existing CBCT imaging equipment, such as the CBCT device with intraoral digital X-ray imaging proposed in application number CN202010274823.9, adds an electric motor with an adjustable tube head angle in the middle of the CBCT tube head, and presets exposure conditions for different positions, angles, ages, and positions of patients. Another example is the positioning mechanism and oral CBCT device proposed in application number CN201910790481.3, where the front end face of the housing has a shaft hole, and the connecting seat has a rotating hole penetrating its front and rear ends. The rotating shaft passes through the rotating hole and is installed in the shaft hole, with the rotating shaft and rotating hole rotatably engaged. The plunger can be a ball-head plunger, which elastically presses against the rear end face of the connecting seat to achieve rotation. However, the oral cavity has a complex structure, and simple angle adjustment is difficult to achieve a comprehensive observation of the oral cavity. Furthermore, the limited space may restrict the adjustment range, seriously affecting the comprehensiveness and completeness of information acquisition. Although techniques exist to improve examination accuracy using contrast agents, such as the method proposed in application number CN202010146957.2 for in vitro microcracked teeth where contrast agents penetrate the cracks under vacuum assistance, utilizing the fluidity and radiopaqueness of iodofol to penetrate into the structural cracks of the tooth under vacuum conditions, increasing the detection rate of fine cracks in teeth by CBCT, these types of non-ionic iodine contrast agents are characterized by high fluidity. If the flow of the contrast agent cannot be inhibited or effectively controlled, it is difficult to accurately observe the tooth using CBCT imaging equipment. Normal dentin is covered by enamel or cementum, preventing the contrast agent from binding to it. If there is a latent leak in the peri-implant mucosa, such as a submucosal fistula, without obvious purulent discharge on the surface, the contrast agent may not be able to achieve precise localization, and repeated scanning with CBCT imaging equipment may be required. Moreover, common contrast agents cannot show the time sequence of contrast agent infiltration, making it difficult to determine whether the leak is active. If it is active, it is also impossible to distinguish whether the fistula is old and closed or still oozing. The entire examination process takes a certain amount of time, and if contrast agents are needed for the examination, repeated spraying is required, which is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also prone to errors due to different operations at different time points, affecting the judgment and treatment effect, and may also cause secondary harm to the patient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that traditional CBCT imaging equipment in the prior art suffers from inconvenience in acquiring oral tissue structure information, resulting in a lack of accuracy. Therefore, this invention proposes a CBCT imaging equipment and method for oral examination.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A CBCT imaging device for oral examination includes a lift equipped with a CBCT tube head and sensors, wherein the lift is provided with:

[0007] A chin support is fixedly installed in the middle of the elevator, and the elevator is equipped with a display that is connected to the electrical signal of the sensor.

[0008] The sensor enters the oral cavity through a chin rest and includes:

[0009] A fixed pile, wherein the fixed pile is fixedly embedded in the chin support;

[0010] The steering end seat is movably connected to the fixed post, and the sensor deflects vertically and horizontally within the oral cavity through the steering end seat.

[0011] The steering end head is rotatably connected to the steering end seat, and the sensor rotates 360° within the oral cavity through the steering end head. Four wireless cameras are evenly distributed on the steering end head, and a movable nozzle is movably installed in the steering end head to spray contrast agent and auxiliary agent into the oral cavity in conjunction with the CBCT tube head.

[0012] Preferably, the chin support includes:

[0013] An extension frame is fixedly installed in the middle of the elevator, and a display is fixedly installed on the extension frame.

[0014] An embedded pipe is fixedly installed on an extension frame, with an opening at the top of the embedded pipe and a fixing stake horizontally embedded in the embedded pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a first universal adjuster is provided between the fixed pile and the steering end seat.

[0016] Preferably, the first universal adjuster includes:

[0017] A ball groove is formed in the front end of the fixed pile;

[0018] The steering ball is movably fitted in the ball groove and is fixedly connected to the steering end seat.

[0019] Preferably, a second universal adjuster is provided between the steering end seat and the steering end head.

[0020] Preferably, the second universal adjuster includes a limiting inner flange integrally connected to the opening position of the steering end seat, and a limiting outer flange movably fitted onto the limiting inner flange is integrally connected to the opening position of the steering end.

[0021] Preferably, the sensor is provided with a supply section in the steering end seat and steering end head for driving the moving nozzle to cooperate with the CBCT tube head for telescopic and rotational adjustment.

[0022] Preferably, the dispensing unit includes:

[0023] A first hose, which movably passes through the steering end seat and extends into the steering end head, is used to supply contrast agent to the moving nozzle;

[0024] The second hose extends through the steering end seat and into the steering end head, and is used to supply auxiliary agent to the moving nozzle.

[0025] A mixing cylinder is movably installed inside a steering end head. One end of the mixing cylinder is connected to a first hose and a second hose, and the other end of the mixing cylinder is connected to a movable nozzle.

[0026] Preferably, the contrast agent is iohexol, and the adjuvant is modified chitosan and bromocresol green.

[0027] The above-mentioned method of using a CBCT imaging device for oral examination includes the following steps:

[0028] Step S1: The sensor is fixed to the embedded pipe by the fixing post. The patient is in a seated position with the sensor in his mouth. Specifically, it includes the turning end, the entire turning end seat and the front end of the fixing post.

[0029] Step S2: Control the first universal adjuster to operate, so that the steering end seat deflects with the fixed post as the force point; control the second universal adjuster to operate, so that the steering end head rotates with the steering end seat as the force point; use a wireless camera to acquire intraoral image information; and use the CBCT tube head to control the first tubing to provide contrast agent and the second tubing to provide auxiliary agent, so that the contrast agent and auxiliary agent are mixed in the mixing cylinder to form a mixture.

[0030] Step S3: Control the mixing cylinder to extend and retract within the turning end, and use the moving nozzle to spray the mixture into a designated position in the oral cavity. Use the CBCT X-ray tube head to observe the distribution of the mixture in the oral cavity twice.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. The present invention provides a chin support on an elevator, and uses the extension frame and embedded tube in the chin support to set up a display and a sensor respectively. The sensor is placed in the mouth through the embedded tube, which facilitates the sensor to collect information in the oral cavity.

[0033] 2. The present invention utilizes a fixed stake, a steering end seat, and a steering end head equipped with a wireless camera to form a sensor body. The first universal adjuster is used to realize the step-by-step deflection adjustment of the steering end seat, and the second universal adjuster is used to realize the 360° rotation adjustment of the steering end head, so that the wireless camera can perform multi-directional and angle information acquisition operations inside the oral cavity.

[0034] 3. This invention includes a first tubing and a second tubing for delivering the contrast agent and an auxiliary agent, respectively. A mixing cylinder is used to mix the contrast agent and the auxiliary agent. Specifically, a retention auxiliary agent, modified chitosan, is used to enable the contrast agent to bind to the damaged oral tissue. A labeling auxiliary agent, bromocresol green, is used to allow the contrast agent to show color changes at different stages, thus determining changes in the oral cavity over a specific time period. Combined with the CBCT X-ray tube tip, the mixture of contrast agent and auxiliary agent can be observed, providing a direct and accurate basis for diagnostic analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the embedded tubing structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the display screen and sensor structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a top cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sensor structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the sensor structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first universal joint adjustment structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second universal joint adjustment structure of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the refill section of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of a CBCT imaging device for oral examination proposed in this invention.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 1. Lift; 2. C-shaped load-bearing frame; 3. CBCT X-ray tube head; 4. Monitor;

[0047] 5. Chin support; 51. Extension bracket; 52. Installed tubing;

[0048] 6. Sensors;

[0049] 61. Fixed stake; 62. Steering end seat; 63. Steering end head;

[0050] 64. First universal adjuster; 641. First rotating shaft; 642. Second rotating shaft; 643. First gear; 644. Driven gear column; 645. Traction slider; 646. H-type pulley; 647. High-strength suction cup; 648. Steering ball;

[0051] 65. Second universal adjuster; 651. Limit bracket; 652. Third rotating shaft; 653. Second gear; 654. Driven gear;

[0052] 66. Dispensing unit; 661. First hose; 662. Second hose; 663. Driver; 664. Pressure plate; 665. Moving slider; 666. Elastic telescopic rod; 667. Mixing cylinder; 668. Moving nozzle; 669. Heater. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0054] Reference Figures 1-10 A CBCT imaging device for oral examination includes a lift 1 equipped with a CBCT tube head 3 and a sensor 6. It should be noted that the lift 1 is fixedly installed on the ground or on a base with locking wheels. By setting a seat on the ground or the base, a seat position is provided for the patient. The lift 1 is also equipped with a limiter for contacting the patient's forehead and a pupil level calibrator. The combination of the two corrects the patient's sitting posture, allowing the patient to look straight ahead, providing position coordinates for the CBCT tube head 3, and facilitating the CBCT tube head 3 to establish a coordinate system for the patient's oral tissue structure.

[0055] The elevator 1 is equipped with a C-shaped load-bearing frame 2 and a chin support platform 5.

[0056] The crescent-shaped support frame 2 is fixedly installed on the lift 1, and the CBCT tube head 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the crescent-shaped support frame 2. It should be noted that the crescent-shaped support frame 2 is vertically raised and lowered under the drive of the lift 1 to facilitate adjustment according to the patient. At the same time, the crescent-shaped support frame 2 is also equipped with a drive motor adapted to the CBCT tube head 3, so that the CBCT tube head 3 can be bidirectionally deflected and adjusted on the crescent-shaped support frame 2. The CBCT tube head 3 is equipped with a radiographic window tube support, and the radiographic window tube support is equipped with an imaging bracket for mounting the sensor 6 in the idle state. This is an existing technology in this field and will not be described in detail.

[0057] The chin support 5 is fixedly installed in the middle of the elevator 1, and the elevator 1 is equipped with a display 4 that is electrically connected to the sensor 6. The two are connected by a wire to ensure the stability of the signal output. The chin support 5 includes an extension frame 51 and an embedded pipe 52.

[0058] The extension frame 51 is fixedly installed in the middle of the elevator 1, and the display 4 is fixedly installed on the extension frame 51. Under the driving action of the elevator 1, the extension frame 51 is adjusted to rise and fall synchronously.

[0059] The embedded tube 52 is fixedly installed on the extension frame 51, and the top of the embedded tube 52 is open. It should be noted that the embedded tube 52 is made of food-grade polyurethane material to ensure the hygiene and cleanliness of the mouth. It is also malleable to facilitate the positioning of the sensor 6 in operation.

[0060] Sensor 6 enters the oral cavity through chin rest 5, and sensor 6 includes a fixing post 61, a steering end seat 62, and a steering end head 63.

[0061] The fixed post 61 is fixedly embedded in the embedded tube 52 of the chin support 5. The patient holds the sensor 6 in his mouth and partially in the embedded tube 52 to examine his oral cavity using the sensor 6.

[0062] The steering end seat 62 is movably connected to the fixed post 61, and the sensor 6 deflects vertically and horizontally within the oral cavity via the steering end seat 62. A first universal adjuster 64 is provided between the fixed post 61 and the steering end seat 62. The first universal adjuster 64 includes a first rotating shaft 641, a second rotating shaft 642, a traction slider 645, an H-shaped pulley 646, a powerful suction cup 647, a ball groove, and a steering ball 648.

[0063] A first rotating shaft 641 is rotatably mounted inside a fixed post 61. A first micro motor for driving the rotation of the first rotating shaft 641 is fixedly installed in the fixed post 61. A first gear 643 is keyed to the first rotating shaft 641. A second rotating shaft 642 is rotatably mounted inside the fixed post 61. A driven gear post 644, meshing with the first gear 643, is keyed to the second rotating shaft 642. It should be noted that the thickness of the driven gear post 644 is three times the thickness of the first gear 643. During the movement of the second rotating shaft 642, the driven gear post 644 and the first gear 643 are always meshed.

[0064] The traction slider 645 is slidably installed inside the fixed pile 61. The fixed pile 61 is equipped with an automatic telescopic device for driving the traction slider 645 to move linearly back and forth, and is also equipped with a guide rail for slidingly installing the traction slider 645.

[0065] The H-shaped pulley 646 is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft 642, and the H-shaped pulley 646 is movably mounted on the traction slider 645. By driving the traction slider 645 to move linearly back and forth, the second rotating shaft 642 moves telescopically with the H-shaped pulley 646.

[0066] The powerful suction cup 647 is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 642. The powerful suction cup 647 extends and retracts with the second rotating shaft 642 to repeatedly contact the steering ball 648 located in the ball groove, and adjusts the state of the steering ball 648 in the ball groove by deflection after contact.

[0067] The ball groove is located at the front end of the fixed pile 61. It should be noted that an opening smaller than half a spherical surface is provided on one side of the ball groove to facilitate the connection between the steering ball 648 and the steering end seat 62.

[0068] The steering ball 648 is movably fitted in the ball groove, and the steering ball 648 corresponds to the powerful suction cup 647. The steering ball 648 is fixedly connected to the steering end seat 62. By repeatedly switching the connection between the powerful suction cup 647 and the steering ball 648, the second rotating shaft 642 is driven to deflect, so as to adjust the angle of the steering end seat 62, so that the steering end seat 62 can be deflected in the up-down and left-right directions in the oral cavity.

[0069] The steering end head 63 is rotatably connected to the steering end seat 62, and the sensor 6 rotates 360° within the oral cavity via the steering end head 63. Four wireless cameras are evenly distributed on the steering end head 63, and a movable nozzle 668 for spraying contrast agent and auxiliary agent into the oral cavity to cooperate with the CBCT tube head 3 is movably installed in the steering end head 63. A second universal adjuster 65 is provided between the steering end seat 62 and the steering end head 63. The second universal adjuster 65 includes a limiting inner flange integrally connected to the opening position of the steering end seat 62, and a limiting outer flange movably fitted onto the limiting inner flange integrally connected to the opening position of the steering end head 63. The second universal adjuster 65 also includes a limiting bracket 651, a third rotating shaft 652, and a driven gear 654.

[0070] The limit bracket 651 is fixedly installed inside the steering end seat 62;

[0071] The third rotating shaft 652 is rotatably mounted on the limiting bracket 651, and the third rotating shaft 652 is keyed to the second gear 653. The limiting bracket 651 is provided with a second micro motor for driving the third rotating shaft 652 to rotate.

[0072] The driven gear 654 is fixedly installed inside the steering end head 63, and the driven gear 654 is meshed with the second gear 653. The meshing transmission between the driven gear 654 and the second gear 653 causes the steering end head 63 to rotate around the steering end seat 62 as the fulcrum, which will further improve the structural flexibility of the sensor 6, allowing the wireless camera to observe the patient's oral tissue structure from a more suitable angle.

[0073] Both the first and second micro motors mentioned above are equipped with servo controllers to facilitate automated control.

[0074] Sensor 6 is provided with a supply section 66 within the steering end seat 62 and steering end head 63 for driving the movable nozzle 668 to cooperate with the CBCT tube head 3 for telescopic and rotational adjustment. The supply section 66 includes a first hose 661, a second hose 662, a driver 663, a pressure plate 664, a movable slider 665, an elastic telescopic rod 666, a mixing cylinder 667, and a heater 669.

[0075] The first hose 661 movably passes through the steering end seat 62 and extends into the steering end head 63, and is used to supply contrast agent to the moving nozzle 668. The second hose 662 movably passes through the steering end seat 62 and extends into the steering end head 63, and is used to supply auxiliary agent to the moving nozzle 668. It should be noted that the portions of the first hose 661 and the second hose 662 extending out of the steering end seat 62 are embedded in the wall of the fixed pile 61, and both are respectively connected to a contrast agent replenishment tank and an auxiliary agent replenishment tank. Furthermore, both the first hose 661 and the second hose 662 are equipped with solenoid valves to control the flow of contrast agent and auxiliary agent.

[0076] The drive unit 663 is fixedly installed inside the steering end head 63. There are two or four drive units 663 to ensure symmetrical and balanced traction.

[0077] The booster plate 664 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driver 663. Under the traction of the driver 663, the booster plate 664 moves telescopically at the steering end 63.

[0078] The movable slider 665 is slidably installed inside the steering end 63, as detailed in the instruction manual. Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 6 The turning end 63 is narrow at the front and wide at the back, making it easy for the patient to put it in their mouth. The internal cavity also adopts a structure that is narrow at the front and wide at the back to ensure sufficient space for use. Therefore, the inner wall of the turning end 63 is inclined with a guide groove for sliding and mounting the movable slider 665. The number of movable sliders 665 is two or four, symmetrically or circumferentially equidistantly distributed, so as to facilitate symmetrical support and installation of the mixing cylinder 667.

[0079] The elastic telescopic rod 666 is movably fitted into the movable slider 665. It should be noted that by setting the elastic telescopic rod 666 to accommodate the spatial structure of the turning end 63, the mixing cylinder 667 is always positioned at the center line of the turning end 63. It is worth noting that because the turning end 63 can rotate 360° clockwise or counterclockwise, and the structure of the first hose 661 and the second hose 662 can meet this rotation requirement, or both the first hose 661 and the second hose 662 can be rotatably connected to the mixing cylinder 667, further enhancing the flexibility between them, allowing the turning end 63 to rotate more than 360°.

[0080] The mixing cylinder 667 is movably installed inside the turning end 63, and is fixedly connected to the elastic telescopic rod 666. One end of the mixing cylinder 667 is connected to both the first hose 661 and the second hose 662, and the other end is connected to the movable nozzle 668. The mixing cylinder 667 adopts a double-layer structure to facilitate the installation of the heater 669 within it. The heater 669 heats the contrast agent and auxiliary agent to 30-40°C, avoiding irritation of the gingival nerves caused by low temperatures, thereby ensuring the comfort of using the contrast agent and auxiliary agent.

[0081] The contrast agent is iohexol, and the adjuvants are modified chitosan and bromocresol green. Based on three-dimensional structural imaging, tissue functional information is acquired simultaneously. After injection of a low-dose contrast agent, dynamic scanning of the periapical inflammatory area is performed using a CBCT X-ray tube tip to analyze blood perfusion and assess inflammatory activity. The use of contrast agent in conjunction with bromocresol green helps differentiate between active inflammation and old lesions. This upgrades the focus from structural to functional analysis, providing a reference and basis for clinical treatment planning.

[0082] Furthermore, by using contrast agents, the effects of the CBCT X-ray tube head 3 become more intuitive and obvious, reducing unwanted scattered rays; improving photon capture efficiency, obtaining clearer images at the same dose, or reducing the dose at the same clarity.

[0083] It is worth noting that CBCT X-ray tube head 3 scan can clearly see dot-like or linear high-density imaging areas, directly locating the specific location and aperture size of the lateral perforation, with the error reduced to within 0.1mm. Modified chitosan is a natural biological material with no cytotoxicity, and will not produce precipitation or sensitizing substances when mixed with non-ionic iodine contrast agents.

[0084] Based on this, three sets of comparative experiments were conducted:

[0085] I. Experimental Group 1: Controlled Experiment with or without Contrast Agent Use

[0086] Experimental group 1A: Non-ionic iodine contrast agent (iohexol 300mgI / mL) was used, injected via the elbow vein 5 minutes before the examination, at a dose of 1.5mL / kg.

[0087] Experimental group 1B: No contrast agent used (routine CBCT examination procedure).

[0088] II. Experimental Group 2: Control Experiment with or without Modified Chitosan Additives

[0089] Experimental group 2A: 0.5% modified chitosan solution (carboxymethyl chitosan) was used. 5 mL was sprayed evenly onto the alveolar bone surface through an oral spray 10 minutes before the examination.

[0090] Experimental group 2B: No modified chitosan auxiliaries were used (routine CBCT examination procedure).

[0091] III. Experimental Group 3: Control Experiment with or without the Use of Bromocresol Green

[0092] Experimental group 3A: 0.1% bromocresol green solution was applied to the proximal surfaces of teeth and gingival sulcus 5 minutes before the examination, with a dosage of 2 mL.

[0093] Experimental group 3B: Bromocresol green was not used (routine CBCT examination procedure).

[0094] 1. Comparison of core image quality indicators:

[0095] Evaluation indicators Experimental group 1A Experimental group 1B Experimental group 2A Experimental group 2B Experimental group 2A Experimental group 2B Soft tissue contrast 18.6±2.3 8.2±1.5 10.5±1.8 8.1±1.4 10.5±1.8 8.1±1.4 Bone density measurement error 2.1±0.5 2.3±0.6 1.8±0.4 2.3±0.6 1.8±0.4 2.2±0.5 Root canal visibility 95.3 82.7 85.6 82.7 85.6 82.5 Artifact Occurrence Rate 12.5 8.3 6.7 8.3 6.7 8.5

[0096] It can be known that:

[0097] Contrast agent group (1A): Soft tissue contrast was significantly improved (P<0.05), especially in distinguishing between inflamed and normal gingival tissues, but the incidence of artifacts was slightly higher (possibly due to uneven distribution of the contrast agent within blood vessels). This is consistent with the mechanism of contrast agent enhancement of vascular visualization in coronary CT, but its effect on improving bone structure is limited in oral CBCT.

[0098] Modified chitosan group (2A): Bone mineral density measurement error was reduced by 18.2%, possibly because the hydroxyl groups of chitosan form coordination bonds with bone minerals, enhancing the difference in X-ray absorption of bone tissue, without increasing the risk of artifacts.

[0099] Bromocresol green group (3A): There were no statistically significant differences in any of the indicators compared with the control group (P>0.05), indicating that as a colorant, it can only improve visual recognition and cannot improve the physical imaging quality of CBCT.

[0100] 2. Safety and operational efficiency indicators

[0101] Safety indicators Experimental group 1A Experimental group 1B Experimental group 2A Experimental group 2B Experimental group 2A Experimental group 2B Incidence of allergic reactions (%) 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 Mucosal irritation score (1-5 points) 2.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 Inspection duration (min) 15.6 8.2 10.5 10.5 8.1 9.8

[0102] It can be known that:

[0103] Contrast agent group (1A): One case of mild rash occurred (consistent with the allergy rate of 1 in 10,000 to 3 in 1,000 for iodine contrast agents), and the examination time increased by 90.2% (including injection and observation time). Strict control of contraindications (such as patients with renal insufficiency) is required.

[0104] Modified chitosan group (2A): No adverse reactions, mucosal irritation score was similar to that of the control group. The operation only added a spraying step, and the time was extended by 29.6%. The safety and practicality were well balanced.

[0105] Bromocresol Green Group (3A): Although there was no allergic reaction, the mucosal irritation score was slightly higher (possibly due to the acidic component).

[0106] In summary:

[0107] Contrast agents: Recommended only for the diagnosis of oral soft tissue lesions (such as gingival tumors and mucosal cysts), which can increase the detection rate of lesions by 15%-20%, but the patient's allergy risk and renal function must be strictly assessed. They are not required for routine dental and implant preoperative examinations.

[0108] Modified chitosan adjuvant: It performs best in alveolar bone-related examinations (such as periodontal bone resorption measurement and implant site bone volume assessment), which can improve the accuracy of bone mineral density measurement by 18% and has good biocompatibility. It is suitable for further promotion as a routine adjuvant in oral CBCT.

[0109] Bromocresol green: It has certain practical clinical value in CBCT examinations, providing intuitive observation results through its staining effect within a relatively short examination period.

[0110] To elaborate further:

[0111] Modified chitosan can be replaced with a targeted adjuvant to enable the contrast agent to precisely adhere to the leak, avoiding diffusion interference with tooth or gingival perforations or leaks. This avoids the problem of blurred leak boundaries often caused by rapid diffusion of the contrast agent. Adding a targeted adjuvant allows the contrast agent to actively adhere to the leak tissue, clearly marking the location and extent of the leak. When detecting dentin-related perforations, a dentin phosphoprotein antibody fragment can be added. This fragment can specifically bind to the dentin phosphoprotein exposed at the leak site, causing the contrast agent to accumulate at the leak site. When detecting gingival leaks, a gingival epithelial adhesion peptide can be added, with the RGD peptide sequence being preferred. This peptide can bind to integrins on the surface of epithelial cells at the gingival lesion, achieving targeted adhesion of the contrast agent.

[0112] Alternatively, by adding RGD peptide as an adjuvant, the contrast agent will adhere to the epithelial rupture along the inner wall of the fistula, and the course of the fistula can be clearly displayed through CBCT three-dimensional reconstruction, thus avoiding missed diagnosis.

[0113] Modified chitosan can also be replaced with sodium fluorescein. Non-ionic iodine contrast agents, such as iohexol, can only be visualized by X-ray blocking, making it impossible to distinguish whether the contrast agent accumulation area is a leak. After adding 0.5%-1% sodium fluorescein, the contrast agent has both X-ray and fluorescence imaging properties. Under X-ray, iodine imaging can locate the approximate area of ​​the leak. Under a specific wavelength light source, the contrast agent accumulated at the leak will emit specific fluorescence, and the dynamic leakage of the leak can be observed in real time using a fluorescence imaging instrument. To further explain, because the fluorescence at the leak is strong and the fluorescence of normal gingiva is weak, fluorescence imaging can directly observe the location of the leak in the oral cavity through an endoscope by means of the fluorescence intensity difference, without relying on the secondary scan of the CBCT tube head 3, which helps to improve detection efficiency. However, the concentration of the fluorescent labeling agent must be matched with that of the non-ionic iodine contrast agent, and chemical reactions with the iodine contrast agent must be avoided.

[0114] It is worth emphasizing that bromocresol green appears yellow at a pH of 3.8-5.4 and blue at a pH > 5.4. After using bromocresol green at a concentration of 0.1%-0.3%, the penetration path can be traced by color changes. The pH inside a tooth is approximately 7.0, and the contrast agent initially appears blue. If a perforation or leak exists, lactic acid produced by the metabolism of inflamed tissue will lower the pH to approximately 5.0, making it acidic. As the contrast agent penetrates into the jawbone space, it will gradually turn yellow. Observation using the CBCT tube tip 3 can determine the depth of penetration. Furthermore, after using bromocresol green, if there is active leakage in the fistula, the contrast agent will penetrate and change color along with the exudate. Specifically, the contrast agent will change from blue to yellow within 5 minutes. Doctors can judge the severity of the leakage by the speed of the color change and decide whether immediate surgical intervention is necessary.

[0115] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the elevator 1, CBCT X-ray tube head 3, display 4 and sensor 6 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0116] The functional principle of this invention can be explained through the following operational methods:

[0117] First, the sensor 6 is fixed to the embedded pipe 52 by the fixing post 61. The patient is in a seated position and has the sensor 6 in his mouth. Specifically, the entirety of the steering end head 63, the steering end seat 62 and the front end of the fixing post 61 are included.

[0118] Secondly, the operation of the first universal adjuster 64 is controlled, that is, the traction slider 645 is moved to drive the second rotating shaft 642 through the H-shaped pulley 646, which in turn drives the powerful suction cup 647 to move. The powerful suction cup 647 extends into the ball groove to contact and fix the steering ball 648. The first rotating shaft 641 is controlled to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 641 drives the second rotating shaft 642 to deflect through the first gear 643 and the driven gear column 644, so that the powerful suction cup 647 drives the steering ball 648 to deflect, so that the steering end seat 62 is centered on the fixed post 61. The force point is deflected, controlling the operation of the second universal adjuster 65, that is, controlling the rotation of the third rotating shaft 652. The third rotating shaft 652 drives the steering end head 63 to rotate through the second gear 653 and the driven gear 654, so that the steering end head 63 rotates with the steering end seat 62 as the force point. The wireless camera acquires intraoral image information, and in conjunction with the CBCT tube head 3, controls the first tubing 661 to provide contrast agent and the second tubing 662 to provide auxiliary agent, so that the contrast agent and auxiliary agent are mixed in the mixing cylinder 667 to form a mixture.

[0119] Finally, the driver 663 drives the pressure plate 664 to move, thereby applying pressure to the moving slider 665. The moving slider 665 slides along the inner wall of the turning end 63, applying pressure to the elastic telescopic rod 666, which controls the mixing cylinder 667 to extend and retract within the turning end 63. The moving nozzle 668 sprays the mixture into the designated location in the oral cavity. The mixture is observed in the oral cavity twice in conjunction with the CBCT tube head 3. Modified chitosan is used to form a weak gel suspension of the contrast agent. Its molecular chains combine with the damaged tissue at the leak site through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions, achieving local retention of the contrast agent at the leak site. After using bromocresol green, if there is active leakage in the fistula, the contrast agent will permeate and change color along with the exudate of the auxiliary agent. The severity of the leakage is judged by the speed of the color change, and it is determined whether surgical intervention is required.

[0120] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CBCT imaging device for oral examination, comprising a lift (1) equipped with a CBCT tube head (3) and a sensor (6), characterized in that, The elevator (1) is equipped with: The chin support (5) is fixedly installed in the middle of the elevator (1), and the elevator (1) is equipped with a display (4) that is electrically connected to the sensor (6). The sensor (6) enters the oral cavity through the chin rest (5), and the sensor (6) includes: A fixed stake (61) is fixedly embedded in the chin support (5); Steering end seat (62), which is movably connected to the fixed post (61), and the sensor (6) deflects in the oral cavity up and down and left and right through the steering end seat (62); A steering end (63) is rotatably connected to a steering end seat (62), and the sensor (6) rotates 360° in the oral cavity through the steering end (63). Four wireless cameras are evenly distributed on the steering end (63), and a movable nozzle (668) is movably installed in the steering end (63) to spray contrast agent and auxiliary agent into the oral cavity in conjunction with the CBCT tube head (3). A first universal adjuster (64) is provided between the fixed pile (61) and the steering end seat (62). The first universal adjuster (64) includes a first rotating shaft (641), a second rotating shaft (642), a traction slider (645), an H-shaped pulley (646), a powerful suction cup (647), a ball groove, and a steering ball (648). The first rotating shaft (641) is rotatably installed in the fixed pile (61), the traction slider (645) is slidably installed in the fixed pile (61), the H-shaped pulley (646) is fixedly fitted on the second rotating shaft (642), the ball groove is opened in the front end of the fixed pile (61), the steering ball (648) is movably fitted in the ball groove, and the steering ball (648) corresponds to the powerful suction cup (647). The steering ball (648) is fixedly connected to the steering end seat (62). A second universal adjuster (65) is provided between the steering end seat (62) and the steering end head (63); The sensor (6) is provided with a supply section (66) in the steering end seat (62) and steering end head (63) for driving the moving nozzle (668) to cooperate with the CBCT tube head (3) for telescopic and rotational adjustment.

2. The CBCT imaging device for oral examination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chin support (5) includes: Extension frame (51) is fixedly installed in the middle of the elevator (1), and display (4) is fixedly installed on the extension frame (51); An embedded pipe (52) is fixedly installed on an extension frame (51), and the top of the embedded pipe (52) is open, and a fixing stake (61) is horizontally embedded in the embedded pipe (52).

3. The CBCT imaging device for oral examination according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second universal adjuster (65) includes a limiting inner flange integrally connected to the opening position of the steering end seat (62), and a limiting outer flange movably fitted onto the limiting inner flange integrally connected to the opening position of the steering end (63).

4. A CBCT imaging device for oral examination according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supply unit (66) includes: The first hose (661) is movably inserted through the steering end seat (62) and extends into the steering end head (63), and the first hose (661) is used to supply contrast agent to the moving nozzle (668); The second hose (662) extends through the steering end seat (62) and into the steering end head (63), and is used to supply auxiliary agent to the moving nozzle (668); Mixing cylinder (667) is movably installed inside the turning end (63). One end of the mixing cylinder (667) is connected to the first hose (661) and the second hose (662), and the other end of the mixing cylinder (667) is connected to the moving nozzle (668).

5. A CBCT imaging device for oral examination according to claim 4, characterized in that, The contrast agent refers to iohexol, and the auxiliary agent refers to modified chitosan and bromocresol green.

6. A method of using a CBCT imaging device for oral examination as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The method of use includes the following steps: Step S1: The sensor (6) is fixed to the embedded pipe (52) by the fixed post (61). The patient is in a seated position and has the sensor (6) in his mouth. Specifically, the sensor includes the entire steering end (63), the steering end seat (62), and the front end of the fixed post (61). Step S2: Control the first universal adjuster (64) to operate, so that the steering end seat (62) deflects with the fixed post (61) as the force point. Control the second universal adjuster (65) to operate, so that the steering end head (63) rotates with the steering end seat (62) as the force point. Use the wireless camera to acquire intraoral image information. In conjunction with the CBCT tube head (3), control the first tubing (661) to provide contrast agent and the second tubing (662) to provide auxiliary agent, so that the contrast agent and auxiliary agent are mixed in the mixing cylinder (667) to form a mixture. Step S3: Control the mixing cylinder (667) to extend and retract within the turning end (63), and use the moving nozzle (668) to spray the mixture into the designated position in the oral cavity. Use the CBCT X-ray tube head (3) twice to observe the distribution of the mixture in the oral cavity.

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