Visualizing hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion simulation device in water and control method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation and safety protection, and provides a visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in water and a control method, the device comprising an explosion simulation module, a hydrogen gas conveying module, an oxygen gas conveying module and a water circulating module which are in communication with the explosion simulation module respectively, a control system and a monitoring system, the simulation explosion module comprising, from bottom to top, an air inlet mixing section and a test section in sequence, the air inlet mixing section being provided with a hydrogen gas channel, an oxygen gas channel and a water conveying channel which are isolated from each other, the water conveying channel being arranged around the outside of the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel, the outlet ends of the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel being respectively provided with a bubbling piece for generating micro bubbles, and the bubbling piece being used for dispersing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas into fine bubbles. The application can realize visual simulation of hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion in water, can accurately control experimental parameters, and can safely and reliably carry out experiments and collect and analyze data.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation and safety protection, and in particular to a visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in water and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In large-scale water electrolysis hydrogen / oxygen production equipment, the membrane (or diaphragm) is one of the core components. Its main function is to separate the anode area (oxygen production) and the cathode area (hydrogen production) of the electrolytic cell, prevent the direct mixing of the two gases, and allow ions (such as OH⁻, H⁺) to pass through to maintain the continuity of the electrolysis reaction. If the membrane is broken or not consistent, it will directly cause the mixing of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2), which not only affects the purity of the gas, but also poses a major safety hazard. When hydrogen and oxygen reach the explosion limit, they may cause an explosion if they encounter enough ignition energy. Currently, to prevent hydrogen and oxygen mixing and explosion caused by membrane breakage and poor consistency in large-scale water electrolysis equipment, it is necessary to design from six dimensions: material essence, production process, operation control, monitoring and early warning, maintenance strategy and safety redundancy, to form a whole-chain protection system of "source control-process monitoring-consequence mitigation".

[0003] The existing technology mainly solves the problem of hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion through the following means: first, high-strength composite membrane materials are used to improve the anti-breakdown ability of the membrane; second, gas separation devices are added in the design of the electrolytic cell to reduce the possibility of hydrogen-oxygen mixing; third, real-time monitoring systems are used to detect the concentration of hydrogen and oxygen, and timely alarm and emergency measures are taken; fourth, safety valves and pressure relief devices are installed in the equipment to relieve the explosion pressure.

[0004] However, these existing technical solutions have many inherent defects:

[0005] Firstly, high-strength membrane materials are costly and often compromise ion conductivity, affecting electrolysis efficiency. Secondly, gas separation devices increase system complexity and flow resistance, and the separation effect is limited for mixed gases, especially in the form of small bubbles dissolved in electrolyte. Thirdly, the concentration monitoring system has a response lag problem. By the time the sensor detects the dangerous concentration, the mixed gas may have reached the explosion condition. Finally, safety valves and other pressure relief devices are a passive and after-the-fact remedy that cannot prevent the occurrence of an explosion, and their design lacks precise data support for explosion power in specific working conditions.

[0006] More fundamentally, the existing technology lacks a special experimental device that can reproduce the whole process of hydrogen and oxygen mixing and explosion in the electrolytic cell in a controllable laboratory environment with high fidelity. This leads to the fact that the design of protection measures relies on theoretical calculations and macroscopic experience, and lacks intuitive understanding and precise data support for the micro mechanism of the explosion process, so further improvement is needed. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to provide a real physical process capable of highly reducing the generation, channeling, diffusion and formation of combustible gas-liquid two-phase mixture of hydrogen-oxygen bubbles in water medium in the electrolytic cell, the application provides a visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device and control method in water.

[0008] The visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device and control method in water provided by the application adopt the following technical scheme:

[0009] A visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in water comprises an explosion simulation module, hydrogen gas conveying module, oxygen gas conveying module and water circulation module respectively in communication with the explosion simulation module, a control system and a monitoring system, the explosion simulation module comprises, from bottom to top, an air inlet mixing section and a test section, the air inlet mixing section is provided with a hydrogen gas channel, an oxygen gas channel and a water conveying channel which are isolated from each other, the water conveying channel is arranged around the outside of the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel, the outlet ends of the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel are respectively provided with a bubbling piece, the bubbling piece is used for dispersing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas into fine bubbles, the ends of the hydrogen gas conveying module and the oxygen gas conveying module are respectively connected with the inlets of the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel, and flow controllers are arranged on the pipelines, the end of the water circulation module is connected with the inlet of the water conveying channel, the top end of the water circulation module is in communication with the top of the test section, and a water pump with adjustable flow is arranged on the pipeline; the test section has multiple axial distribution measuring intervals, each measuring interval is independently provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the side wall of the test section is provided with a visual observation window, the top of the test section is provided with a first safety valve, and the inside center of the test section is provided with an igniter; the control system is electrically connected with the mass flow controller, the water pump, the igniter and all temperature sensors and pressure sensors, and is used for controlling gas concentration, mixture flow rate, ignition timing and collecting explosion process parameters; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the state parameters in the test section.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, the visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in water can accurately simulate the hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion process in water. The gas inlet mixing section is provided with a hydrogen gas channel, an oxygen gas channel and a water conveying channel which are isolated from each other, and the water conveying channel is arranged outside the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel, so that the hydrogen gas, the oxygen gas and the water can be prevented from interfering with each other before entering the test section, and the independent conveying of the substances can be ensured. The bubbling pieces at the outlet ends of the hydrogen gas channel and the oxygen gas channel can disperse the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas into small bubbles, so that the process of generating hydrogen gas and oxygen gas bubbles by electrolyzing water can be simulated to the greatest extent, the simulated explosion process is closer to the actual situation, and more accurate experimental data support can be provided for the design of protection measures. The flow controllers and the water pump with adjustable flow can accurately control the flow of the hydrogen gas, the oxygen gas and the water respectively, and the gas concentration and the mixture flow rate can be flexibly adjusted through the control system, so that the hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion under different conditions can be simulated. The real physical process that the hydrogen-oxygen gas bubbles in the electrolytic cell are generated, flow, diffuse and form a flammable gas-liquid two-phase mixture in the water medium can be highly reduced.

[0011] The temperature sensors and the pressure sensors independently arranged in the multiple axial distribution measuring intervals of the test section can accurately monitor the temperature and the pressure at different positions in the explosion process, and the propagation characteristics of the explosion wave in different sections can be conveniently studied. The visual observation window on the side wall of the test section cooperates with the high-speed camera or the schlieren instrument of the monitoring system, so that the explosion flame mechanism can be directly observed, including the morphological structure of the explosion flame, the density field and the shock wave structure in the flame propagation process, and the depth of the explosion characteristic research is improved. The first safety valve arranged at the top can relieve the pressure when the explosion occurs, and the safety of the experimental device is ensured.

[0012] Preferably, the gas inlet mixing section is provided with three output pipes arranged in a concentric sleeve, and the hydrogen gas channel, the oxygen gas channel and the water conveying channel are sequentially formed from the inside to the outside.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the design is not simply to combine three fluids, and compared with three independent pipes which are simply arranged side by side or at a certain angle into a mixing cavity. The fluids will have violent and disordered turbulent mixing when entering the cavity. Such mixing is random and uncontrollable, and the physical process that the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas are independently generated on the two sides of the diaphragm and then gradually diffuse to the other area cannot be simulated.

[0014] Therefore, arranging the three output tubes as concentric sleeves can form stable and concentric annular laminar flow from inside to outside (H2→O2→H2O). This structure creates excellent prerequisites in fluid mechanics: hydrogen (the innermost layer) enters the test section first. Oxygen (the middle layer) wraps the hydrogen channel as the second layer. Water (the outermost layer) wraps and restricts the two gases inside as the largest layer. This design maximizes the delay of direct contact between hydrogen and oxygen. They first react and diffuse with water, greatly reducing the initial state of gas diffusion in the liquid phase after being precipitated from the electrode surface in the electrolytic cell, and the simulation is highly realistic.

[0015] Preferably, the bubbling piece is a microporous bubble stone, a sintered metal, or a ceramic filter core.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the bubbling piece is set as a microporous bubble stone, a sintered metal, or a ceramic filter core, which can disperse hydrogen and oxygen into micro-bubbles instead of just "breaking" the bubbles, and can provide a micro-bubble group with extremely high uniformity, so that hydrogen and oxygen form a uniform gas-liquid two-phase flow in water, which maximizes the simulation of the process of generating hydrogen and oxygen bubbles by electrolyzing water, and further accurately simulates the hydrogen-oxygen mixing explosion process, providing experimental data support for the design of protective measures.

[0017] Preferably, the test section includes at least two detachable cylinder segments, and each cylinder segment is a measurement interval.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the test section is designed as at least two detachable cylinder segments, and each cylinder segment is a measurement interval. On the one hand, the detachable structure facilitates the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of the test section, and can flexibly adjust and replace the cylinder segments according to different experimental requirements; on the other hand, each cylinder segment corresponds to an independent measurement interval, which can accurately capture the propagation speed, pressure attenuation, and other dynamic parameters of the explosion wave front in the pipeline, thereby obtaining more comprehensive and detailed explosion process data, providing more targeted experimental data support for the design of protective measures, and helping to further study the characteristics of hydrogen-oxygen mixing explosion.

[0019] Preferably, the water circulation module includes a water tank, and the middle part of the water tank is connected to the top of the test section through a backwater pipeline to form a closed circulation loop.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the middle part of the water tank is communicated with the top part through the backwater pipe. During the experiment, the water circulating pump continuously injects water flow to the bottom of the explosion simulation core, and the mixture of gas and water at the top needs to be discharged. If the backwater pipe is connected at the top of the water tank, the liquid level height in the test section will be completely determined by the height of the water tank, which has poor flexibility and is easy to form air lock in the pipeline. Therefore, the backwater pipe is connected at the middle part of the water tank, which is equivalent to setting a fixed overflow surface. The liquid level in the test section will be stabilized at the height of the middle part inlet of the water tank. Any excess water or gas will return to the water tank through this inlet, thereby ensuring that the initial liquid level height, water pressure and gas phase space volume in the test section are strictly consistent every time the experiment is conducted. This is the primary condition for obtaining repeatable experimental data.

[0021] Preferably, a heat exchange element is arranged on the backwater pipeline.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the water temperature will rise after a single explosion, which directly affects the working condition of the subsequent experiment. The heat exchange element maintains the water temperature at a set value, ensuring the accuracy and comparability of the experimental data, which is the key to quantitative scientific research and reflects the precision and advancement of the device.

[0023] Preferably, the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition unit and a visual recording unit. The data acquisition unit is electrically connected with all temperature sensors, pressure sensors and mass flow controllers, and is used for real-time acquisition and recording of temperature, pressure and flow data. The visual recording unit is a high-speed camera or / and a schlieren instrument, which is arranged opposite to the visual window of the test section.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the data acquisition unit can real-time acquisition and recording of temperature, pressure and flow data during the explosion process, providing experimental data support for the design of protective measures. The visual recording unit can observe the explosion flame mechanism with high precision through the visual window of the test section, improving the research depth.

[0025] Preferably, the visual recording unit comprises a high-speed camera and a schlieren instrument, which are switchably arranged on one side of the visual observation window, and are used for capturing the morphological structure of the explosion flame and the density field and shock wave structure in the flame propagation process, respectively.

[0026] By adopting the technical scheme, the observation scheme of "high-speed camera + schlieren instrument switchable" is limited. The creativity lies in providing a multi-modal and multi-dimensional visual research means. The high-speed camera looks at "shape", and the schlieren instrument looks at "shadow" (shock wave, turbulent flow). The combination of the two can reveal the explosion flame mechanism in all directions.

[0027] A control method, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Configure experimental parameters: set the flow rate of water, the mass flow rate of hydrogen and oxygen, and the energy of the igniter through the control system;

[0029] Establish an experimental environment: start the water circulation module, and after the water flow is stable, start the hydrogen delivery module and the oxygen delivery module to form a uniform gas-liquid two-phase flow in the water flow by the hydrogen and oxygen bubbles passing through the bubble stone;

[0030] Data monitoring and triggering: monitor the state parameters in the test section through the monitoring system, and when the state is stable and meets the preset conditions, automatically trigger the igniter by the control system;

[0031] Data acquisition and analysis: simultaneously trigger the monitoring system to record the dynamic changes of pressure and temperature and the visual image at high speed when the ignition is performed;

[0032] Safe evacuation: after the experiment is completed, the control system automatically closes the gas source and opens the evacuation valve to replace and discharge the residual gas in the pipeline.

[0033] Preferably, in the "configure experimental parameters" step, the control system is used to preferentially start and establish water circulation, and then hydrogen and oxygen are introduced; in the "safe evacuation" step, the control system is used to preferentially cut off the gas source and maintain water circulation for a period of time, and then the residual gas is carried out by the water flow.

[0034] By using the above technical scheme, water is introduced first and then gas is introduced, and gas is cut off first and then water is cut off, so that at any time, there is water flow in the pipeline as a natural barrier, greatly reducing the risk of accidental explosion due to pre-mixed gas reaching the explosion limit during the start-up and shutdown stages, providing experimental data support for the design of protective measures, and also enabling the explosion flame mechanism to be directly observed through the visual window, thereby improving the research depth.

[0035] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The gas inlet mixing section of the device is provided with mutually isolated channels, and the outlet ends of the hydrogen and oxygen channels are provided with bubbling members, which, in cooperation with the control system for adjusting the flow rates of gas and water, can accurately simulate the hydrogen-oxygen mixing explosion process, thereby providing experimental data support for the design of protective measures;

[0037] 2. The middle part of the test section is provided with a visual window, which, in cooperation with the visual recording unit of the monitoring system, can directly observe the explosion flame mechanism and facilitate in-depth research on the explosion characteristics;

[0038] 3. The test section is designed in a multi-section structure, and independent temperature and pressure sensors are arranged in each section, which facilitates the research on the propagation characteristics of the explosion wave in different sections and enhances the pertinence of the design of protective measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the intake mixing section in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 is a rear view structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 is a front view structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 is Figure 6 is a local enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the above figure;

[0046] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder section in embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present application.

[0048] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 1, explosion simulation module; 11, intake mixing section; 111, hydrogen channel; 112, oxygen channel; 113, water conveying channel; 114, bubbling piece; 12, test section; 121, cylinder section; 122, flange; 123, bolt; 124, nut; 125, sealing piece; 126, elastic piece; 13, measurement interval; 14, temperature sensor; 15, pressure sensor; 16, visual observation window; 17, first safety valve; 18, igniter; 2, hydrogen conveying module; 21, filter; 22, high-pressure gauge; 23, pressure reducing valve; 24, low-pressure gauge; 25, second safety valve; 26, emptying valve; 27, stop valve; 28, flow controller; 29, one-way valve; 3, oxygen conveying module; 4, water circulation module; 41, backwater pipeline; 411, heat exchange piece; 42, water pump; 43, water outlet stop valve; 44, water drainage valve; 5, control system; 6, box body; 61, first partition; 62, first mounting chamber; 63, second mounting chamber; 64, second partition; 65, third partition; 66, box door; 7, conveying pipe; 71, hydrogen conveying pipe; 72, oxygen conveying pipe; 73, water conveying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying Figure 1 - the accompanying Figure 9 , the present application will be further described in detail.

[0050] The embodiment of the application discloses a visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in water and a control method. Embodiment 1

[0051] The visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in water comprises an explosion simulation module 1, a hydrogen gas conveying module 2, an oxygen gas conveying module 3 and a water circulation module 4 which are in communication with the explosion simulation module 1 respectively, a control system 5, a monitoring system (not shown in the figure) and a box 6 for installing the above modules and systems. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The explosion simulation module 1 is in a columnar shape and comprises, from bottom to top, an air inlet mixing section 11 and a test section 12.

[0052] The air inlet mixing section 11 is provided with a hydrogen gas passage 111, an oxygen gas passage 112 and a water conveying passage 113 which are isolated from each other and are connected with the hydrogen gas conveying module 2, the oxygen gas conveying module 3 and the water circulation module 4 respectively. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 The water conveying passage 113 is arranged around the outside of the hydrogen gas passage 111 and the oxygen gas passage 112, which can avoid the mutual interference of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas and water before entering the test section 12 and ensure the uniformity of the mixture.

[0053] The test section 12 has a plurality of measuring intervals 13 which are distributed along the axial direction, and a temperature sensor 14 and a pressure sensor 15 are independently arranged in each measuring interval 13.

[0054] Further, the outlet ends of the hydrogen channel 111 and the oxygen channel 112 are each provided with a bubbling piece 114 for generating micro-bubbles, which is used to disperse hydrogen and oxygen into fine bubbles. The bubbling piece 114 can be a microporous bubble stone, a sintered metal or a ceramic filter, etc. The microporous bubble stone has a large number of tiny pores, which can disperse hydrogen and oxygen into fine bubbles when they pass through, thereby increasing the contact area of hydrogen and oxygen with water and better simulating the process of electrolytic water generating hydrogen and oxygen bubbles. The sintered metal and ceramic filters also have similar functions, and their materials and structures can be selected according to actual needs. For example, the sintered metal filter has high strength and corrosion resistance, which is suitable for some experiments with high environmental requirements; the ceramic filter has good chemical stability and filtering performance.

[0055] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , wherein the hydrogen delivery module 2 includes a hydrogen storage bottle, and the oxygen delivery module 3 includes an oxygen storage bottle. Both modules are sequentially connected with a filter 21, a high-pressure gauge 22, a pressure reducing valve 23, a low-pressure gauge 24, a second safety valve 25, an emptying valve 26, a stop valve 27, a flow controller 28, and a one-way valve 29, which are respectively connected with the hydrogen channel 111 and the oxygen channel 112, and then connected with the gas mixing section 11 of the explosion simulation module 1. Thus, the mixing ratio of hydrogen and oxygen can be adjusted to meet the needs of different experiments. The flow controller 28 can be a mass flow controller 28, which can accurately control the flow according to the mass of the gas, and has high precision and stability.

[0056] With reference to Figure 2 , Figure 5 , wherein the water circulation module 4 includes a water tank, the middle part of which is connected with the top of the test section 12 through a backwater pipeline 41 to form a closed circulation loop, and the pipeline is provided with a flow controller 28. The end of the water tank is connected with the inlet of the water delivery channel 113, and the pipeline is sequentially connected with a water pump 42, a water outlet stop valve 43, and a drain valve 44, which are connected with the gas mixing section 11 of the explosion simulation module 1. The water pump 42 can adjust the flow of water to make the water enter the gas mixing section 11 at a suitable speed and mix with hydrogen and oxygen. The flow adjustment range of the water pump 42 can be set according to the requirements of the experiment to ensure that water, hydrogen and oxygen can be fully mixed.

[0057] Back to Figure 4 , wherein the control system 5 includes an electric control box arranged in the tank 6, which is electrically connected with the mass flow controller 28, the water pump 42, the igniter 18 and all sensors, and is used for controlling the gas concentration, the mixture flow rate, the ignition timing and collecting the explosion process parameters; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the state parameters in the test section 12.

[0058] The monitoring system includes a data acquisition unit and a visualization recording unit. The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to all temperature sensors 14, pressure sensors 15, and mass flow controller 28, and is used to collect and record temperature, pressure, and flow data in real time. The visualization recording unit is either a high-speed camera or a schlieren spectrometer, or it may include both a high-speed camera and a schlieren spectrometer, which are switchably arranged on one side of the viewing window 16 to capture the morphological structure of the explosion flame and the density field and shock wave structure during the flame propagation process, respectively. The high-speed camera can capture the explosion process at a very high frame rate, recording the instantaneous morphology of the explosion flame; the schlieren spectrometer, through optical principles, can display the density field and shock wave structure during the explosion flame propagation process, providing more detailed information for studying the explosion flame mechanism.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 The enclosure 6 has a first partition 61 inside, with its length parallel to the height of the enclosure 6, dividing the interior into a first installation chamber 62 and a second installation chamber 63, which are positioned opposite each other. A second partition 64 is located within the first installation chamber 62, extending along its own height. The length of the second partition 64 is parallel to the height of the enclosure 6, and its width is perpendicular to the width of the first partition 61, dividing the first installation chamber 62 into two smaller installation chambers for the explosion simulation module 1 and the water circulation module 4, respectively. A third partition 65 is located within the second installation chamber 63, with its length parallel to the width of the enclosure 6 and its width perpendicular to the width of the first partition 61, reinforcing the division of the second installation chamber 63 into two smaller installation chambers. The electrical control box is located in the upper installation chamber. The hydrogen and oxygen cylinders are located outside the housing 6. The filters 21, high-pressure gauge 22, pressure reducing valve 23, low-pressure gauge 24, second safety valve 25, vent valve 26, shut-off valve 27, flow controller 28, and check valve 29, which are connected to the hydrogen and oxygen cylinders respectively via hydrogen passage 111 and oxygen passage 112, are installed in the lower mounting chamber. The housing 6 has openings on both the front and rear surfaces, and doors 66 are rotatably connected to these openings for opening and closing.

[0060] The implementation principle of the visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device in the embodiment of the application is as follows: the device delivers hydrogen, oxygen and water to the gas inlet mixing section 11 of the explosion simulation module 1 through the hydrogen delivery module 2, the oxygen delivery module 3 and the water circulation module 4. In the gas inlet mixing section 11, the hydrogen and oxygen form micro-bubbles through the bubbling piece 114 and are fully mixed with water before entering the test section 12. The control system 5 adjusts the flow rates of hydrogen, oxygen and water through the flow controller 28 and the water pump 42 to achieve a suitable mixing ratio. When the experimental conditions meet the preset requirements, the control system 5 triggers the igniter 18 to make the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen explode in the test section 12. The monitoring system collects temperature and pressure data through the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 and observes the explosion flame mechanism through a high-speed camera or a schlieren instrument. After the experiment is completed, the control system 5 automatically closes the gas source and opens the emptying valve 26 to replace and discharge the residual gas in the pipeline. The device can accurately simulate the hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion process in water, provide experimental data for the design of protective measures, directly observe the explosion flame mechanism, promote the in-depth study of the hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion characteristics, solve the problems of being unable to accurately simulate the explosion process, lacking experimental data support and being difficult to directly observe the explosion flame mechanism compared with the prior art, and has high practicability and innovation.

[0061] The embodiment of the application also discloses a control method, which comprises the following steps.

[0062] Configuring experimental parameters: setting the flow rate of water, the mass flow rates of hydrogen and oxygen and the energy of the igniter 18 through the control system 5; in this step, the water used is pure water to ensure that the water cannot conduct electricity, and the flow rate of water can be adjusted through the control system 5, and the water pump 42 can be adjusted in the range of 0-100 L / min with an adjustment accuracy of ±1 L / min;

[0063] Each parameter needs to be accurately adjusted according to the purpose and requirements of the experiment. For example, if the explosion characteristics under different hydrogen-oxygen mixing ratios are to be studied, the mass flow rates of hydrogen and oxygen need to be adjusted through the control system 5.

[0064] Establishing an experimental environment: preferentially starting and establishing water circulation through the control system 5. After starting the water circulation module 4, a period of time needs to be waited until the flow rate and pressure of the water flow are stable, and then the hydrogen delivery module 2 and the oxygen delivery module 3 are started to respectively introduce hydrogen and oxygen into the gas inlet mixing section 11 at a suitable flow rate. In the gas inlet mixing section 11, the hydrogen-oxygen bubbles are made into micro-bubbles in the water flow through the bubbling piece 114 and the gas bubble stone to fully mix with water to form a uniform gas-liquid two-phase flow.

[0065] Data monitoring and triggering: The monitoring system collects data from the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 in real time, and determines whether the state in the test section 12 is stable. When the temperature, pressure, and other parameters meet the preset conditions, the control system 5 will automatically trigger the igniter 18 to cause the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen to explode.

[0066] Data collection and analysis: At the same time of ignition, the monitoring system is triggered synchronously, and the dynamic change process of pressure and temperature and visual images are recorded at high speed. The high-speed camera and the schlieren instrument of the monitoring system will start working at the moment of ignition, recording the changes of pressure and temperature and the shape and propagation process of the explosion flame at a very high frame rate. These data and images can provide important basis for subsequent analysis and research.

[0067] Safe evacuation: After the experiment is completed, the control system 5 automatically closes the gas source and opens the evacuation valve 26 to replace and discharge the residual gas in the pipeline. By controlling the system 5 to preferentially cut off the gas source and keep the water circulating for a period of time, and then using the water flow to carry out the residual gas, it can ensure that the residual hydrogen and oxygen in the pipeline are completely discharged, avoiding the influence of residual gas on the next experiment, and improving the safety of the experiment.

[0068] The control method realizes the effective control of the visual hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion simulation device by accurately configuring the experimental parameters, establishing a stable experimental environment, using the monitoring system to monitor and trigger ignition in real time, collecting and analyzing experimental data, and finally performing safe evacuation. The whole process has high automation degree, can accurately simulate the hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion process, and obtain detailed experimental data, which provides strong support for the research on the characteristics of hydrogen-oxygen mixed explosion and the design of safety protection. Compared with the prior art, the control method solves the problems of inaccurate parameter control and untimely data collection in the experimental process, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the experiment. Example 2

[0069] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 The difference between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is that the test section 12 includes at least two detachable barrel sections 121, each barrel section 121 being a measurement interval 13. For the detachable barrel sections 121 between adjacent two barrel sections 121, the connection is made through the flanges 122, and the fixing is made through the bolts 123 and the nuts 124, and the sealing is made through the sealing elements 125 between the two barrel sections 121. The sealing elements 125 can be sealing gaskets / sealing rings.

[0070] Further, reference is made to Figure 8Under the high-temperature and high-pressure explosion impact load, the bolt 123 may be slightly stretched, and the flange 122 surface may be slightly deformed or worn. This will cause the sealing force (sealing specific pressure) acting on the sealing gasket / seal ring to drop, thereby causing leakage. To this end, an elastic member 126 is arranged between the two flanges 122, which can be a wave spring, and can compensate for the gap caused by the elongation of the bolt 123, the wear or thermal deformation of the flange 122 surface. When the connection has a loosening tendency, the spring will release the stored elastic force, continuously and self-adaptively maintaining a constant and sufficient sealing specific pressure. The air tightness of the connection is greatly enhanced, preventing gas or liquid leakage in high-pressure explosion experiments, ensuring the stability of the experimental pressure and the safety of the experimental environment. Example 3

[0071] Reference Figure 9 The difference from example 1 is that the water return pipeline 41 is provided with a heat exchange member 411, which is a heat exchanger, which can be one of a plate heat exchanger, a shell heat exchanger or a tube-in-tube heat exchanger, and is specifically set according to requirements. Because the water temperature will rise after a single explosion, directly affecting the working conditions of subsequent experiments, the heat exchanger is used to maintain the water temperature at a set value, ensuring the accuracy and comparability of experimental data, which is the key to quantitative scientific research, and reflects the precision and advancement of the device.

[0072] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made in the structure, shape, principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A visual simulation device for hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion in water, characterized in that: The system includes an explosion simulation module (1), a hydrogen delivery module (2), an oxygen delivery module (3), and a water circulation module (4) connected to the explosion simulation module (1), a control system (5), and a monitoring system. The explosion simulation module (1) includes an air intake mixing section (11) and a test section (12) from bottom to top. The air intake mixing section (11) is provided with a hydrogen channel (111), an oxygen channel (112), and a water delivery channel (113) that are isolated from each other. The water delivery channel (113) is arranged around the outside of the hydrogen channel (111) and the oxygen channel (112). The outlet ends of the hydrogen channel (111) and oxygen channel (112) are both provided with bubble-generating elements (114) for generating microbubbles. The bubble-generating elements (114) are used to disperse hydrogen and oxygen into fine bubbles. The ends of the hydrogen delivery module (2) and oxygen delivery module (3) are respectively connected to the inlets of the hydrogen channel (111) and oxygen channel (112). The air mixing section (11) is provided with three output pipes arranged in concentric sleeves, which form the hydrogen channel (111), oxygen channel (112) and water delivery channel (113) from the inside out. The bubbler (114) is a microporous bubble stone, sintered metal, or ceramic filter element; the top of the water circulation module (4) is connected to the top of the test section (12), and a flow controller (28) is provided on the pipeline; the end of the water circulation module (4) is connected to the inlet of the water supply channel (113), and a water pump (42) with adjustable flow rate is provided on the pipeline; the water circulation module (4) includes a water tank, and the middle part of the water tank is connected to the top of the test section (12) through a return water pipeline (41) to form a closed circulation loop; the test section (12) has multiple measurement areas distributed along the axial direction. Each measurement interval (13) is independently equipped with a temperature sensor (14) and a pressure sensor (15); the side wall of the test section (12) is provided with a visual observation window (16), the top of which is provided with a first safety valve (17), and the center of which is provided with an igniter (18); the control system (5) is electrically connected to the mass flow controller (28), the water pump (42), the igniter (18) and all sensors, and is used to control the gas concentration, the flow rate of the mixture, the ignition timing and collect the explosion process parameters; the monitoring system is used to monitor the state parameters in the test section (12).

2. The visual underwater hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test section (12) includes at least two detachable cylindrical sections (121), each cylindrical section (121) being a measurement interval (13).

3. The visual underwater hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return water pipe (41) is equipped with a heat exchanger (411).

4. The visual underwater hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring system includes a data acquisition unit and a visualization recording unit. The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to all temperature sensors (14), pressure sensors (15) and mass flow controllers (28) for real-time acquisition and recording of temperature, pressure and flow data. The visualization recording unit is a high-speed camera and / or a schlieren, which is set to face the viewing window of the test section (12).

5. The visual underwater hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The visualization recording unit includes a high-speed camera and a schlieren, which are switchably arranged on one side of the visual observation window (16) to capture the morphological structure of the explosion flame and the density field and shock wave structure during the flame propagation process, respectively.

6. A control method applied to a visual underwater hydrogen-oxygen mixture explosion simulation device according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: Configure experimental parameters: Set the water flow rate, the mass flow rate of hydrogen and oxygen, and the energy of the igniter (18) through the control system (5); Establish experimental environment: Start the water circulation module (4), and after the water flow stabilizes, start the hydrogen delivery module (2) and the oxygen delivery module (3) so that hydrogen and oxygen bubbles form a uniform gas-liquid two-phase flow in the water flow through the bubble stone; Data monitoring and triggering: Monitor the state parameters in the test section (12) through the monitoring system. When the state stabilizes and reaches the preset conditions, the igniter (18) is automatically triggered by the control system (5); Data acquisition and analysis: Simultaneously trigger the monitoring system at the same time as ignition to record the dynamic changes of pressure and temperature and visualize the images at high speed; Safe venting: After the experiment, the control system (5) automatically shuts off the gas source and opens the venting valve (26) to replace and discharge the residual gas in the pipeline.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the "Configure Experimental Parameters" step, the water circulation is initiated and established by the control system (5) first, and then hydrogen and oxygen are introduced; in the "Safe Exhaust" step, the gas source is cut off first by the control system (5) and the water circulation is maintained for a period of time, and then the residual gas is carried out by the water flow.

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