Design method of frame type sound insulation bearing super-structure plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a frame type sound insulation bearing super-structure plate, the frame type sound insulation bearing super-structure plate is divided into an upper plate layer, an acoustic super-structure interlayer and a lower plate layer, the acoustic super-structure interlayer is composed of a plurality of acoustic super-structure unit cell arrays, each acoustic super-structure unit cell comprises an upper frame, a thin film and a lower frame, a mass body is further arranged on the thin film, the thin film is divided into a plurality of rectangular space units A through the upper frame and the lower frame, boundary constraint is conducted on each rectangular space unit A through the upper frame and the lower frame, and therefore each rectangular space unit A forms a local resonance unit. According to the frame type sound insulation bearing metamaterial plate, bearing is achieved through a matching structure among the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer and the lower plate layer, and meanwhile the transmission effect of structural sound is weakened by reducing the structural sound transmission path between the upper frame and the lower frame in the acoustic superstructure unit cell, so that the sound insulation performance of the frame type sound insulation bearing metamaterial plate in low-frequency-band noise is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a design method for a superstructure panel, and more particularly to a design method for a frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure panel, belonging to the field of sound insulation and noise reduction technology. Background Technology

[0002] The sound-insulating load-bearing metamaterial panel is a new type of composite panel that integrates metamaterial structural design, sound insulation function and load-bearing mechanical properties. Its core is to break through the bottleneck of traditional panels that are difficult to balance "sound insulation-load-bearing-lightweight" through "artificially designed micro / mesostructure". While achieving efficient noise isolation, it meets the structural load-bearing and deformation resistance requirements of building, transportation, machinery and other scenarios.

[0003] Existing frame-type acoustic metastructure composite panels focus on improving the sound insulation performance of the composite panel through acoustic metastructure. However, besides being an important component of the metastructure, the frame also acts as a "sound bridge," serving as a key transmission path for structural sound, thus weakening the sound insulation effect of the acoustic metastructure composite panel in the low-frequency range. Furthermore, existing frame size designs prioritize the acoustic performance needs of the metastructure layer, neglecting load-bearing requirements. For these reasons, the application and promotion of existing frame-type acoustic metastructure composite panels in fields such as rail transportation and aerospace have been limited. Therefore, the current challenge is how to further leverage the sound insulation performance of the acoustic metastructure in the low-frequency range while maintaining a certain load-bearing capacity, thereby integrating sound insulation and load-bearing functions into engineering products.

[0004] After searching, the following relevant patent documents were found: I. Chinese invention patent application CN117496934A, published on February 2, 2024, discloses a multifunctional metamaterial structure for load-bearing and low-frequency broadband sound insulation and vibration reduction, comprising at least one metamaterial structural unit; the metamaterial structural unit includes a shell sound insulation component, a flexible sound insulation component, and two supporting structural components, the two supporting structural components being spaced apart and connected between the shell sound insulation component and the flexible sound insulation component, forming a cavity with open ends together with the shell sound insulation component and the flexible sound insulation component; when the number of metamaterial structural units is two or more, each metamaterial structural unit is connected sequentially, wherein: the shell sound insulation components of each metamaterial structural unit are connected sequentially to form a shell sound insulation layer; the flexible sound insulation components of each metamaterial structural unit are connected sequentially to form a flexible sound insulation layer; adjacent metamaterial structural units share one supporting structural component, and each supporting structural component is distributed sequentially and spaced apart in the shell sound insulation layer and the flexible sound insulation layer to form a unidirectional arrayed supporting structural layer.

[0005] II. Chinese invention patent application CN117261364A, published on December 22, 2023, discloses an integrated metamaterial structure with high load-bearing capacity and low-frequency high sound insulation, comprising two high-stiffness, high-porosity high-load-bearing structural parts and a flexible thin-layer sound insulation part; the high-load-bearing structural part includes a high-porosity plate shell structural layer and a supporting mass layer, the supporting mass layer including a plurality of supporting mass bodies discretely distributed on one side of the high-porosity plate shell structural layer; the flexible thin-layer sound insulation part is located between the two high-load-bearing structural parts, and both sides of the flexible thin-layer sound insulation part are respectively connected to the supporting mass layer.

[0006] III. Chinese invention patent application CN115240624A, published on October 25, 2022, discloses a multifunctional superstructure that combines mechanical load-bearing and underwater acoustic insulation properties. It includes two oppositely arranged cover plates and a sound insulation layer disposed between the two cover plates. The sound insulation layer is composed of multiple sound insulation components. Each sound insulation component is a cylindrical structure with a hexagonal cross-section. The multiple sound insulation components are arranged in a honeycomb pattern. The angle between the line connecting the central axis of the sound insulation component and the center of the farthest side and the cover plate is 20-30°. Adjacent sound insulation components are arranged with common sides, and multiple through holes are provided on the sides of the sound insulation components along the axis of the sound insulation components.

[0007] After comparative analysis, the applicant found that the technical solutions in the aforementioned patent documents were all different from the technical solutions in this application.

[0008] In summary, how to design a frame-type sound insulation load-bearing metastructure that can fully utilize the sound insulation performance of the acoustic metastructure in the low-frequency range while taking into account a certain load-bearing capacity, so as to achieve a better integration effect of sound insulation and load-bearing functions in engineering products, is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the existing technology by providing a design method for a frame-type sound insulation load-bearing superstructure panel. This method can further give full play to the sound insulation performance of the acoustic superstructure in the low-frequency range while taking into account a certain load-bearing capacity, and achieve a more superior integration effect of sound insulation and load-bearing functions in engineering products.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a design method for a frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure, wherein the design method divides the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure from top to bottom into: an upper plate layer, an acoustic metastructure interlayer, and a lower plate layer. The acoustic metastructure interlayer is composed of multiple acoustic metastructure cell arrays, each acoustic metastructure cell including an upper frame, a lower frame, and a thin film disposed between the upper frame and the lower frame. Multiple mass bodies are also disposed on the thin film. The upper frame and the lower frame divide the thin film into multiple rectangular spatial units A. The frame imposes boundary constraints on each rectangular spatial unit A, thereby forming a local resonant unit for each rectangular spatial unit A. Each mass body is located in a local resonant unit. The coupling effect between the acoustic superstructure cell and the plate layer can achieve low-frequency broadband sound insulation. The load-bearing structure is achieved through the cooperation between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer. At the same time, the structural sound transmission effect is weakened by reducing the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell, thereby improving the sound insulation performance of the frame-type sound insulation load-bearing superstructure plate in the low-frequency noise range.

[0011] Preferably, both the upper frame and the lower frame include a rectangular border and multiple crossbeams disposed inside the rectangular border. The multiple crossbeams are arranged to cross each other and the end of each crossbeam is connected to the side of the rectangular border. The method of reducing the structural acoustic transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell is to adhere the upper surface of the rectangular border of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, and adhere the lower surface of the rectangular border of the upper frame to the upper surface of the periphery of the film. A gap H1 is left between the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the upper surface of the film. The structural acoustic transmission path is reduced by using the gap H1.

[0012] Preferably, a downwardly extending column is provided on the lower surface at each of the intersections of the multiple beams; The load-bearing structure achieved through the cooperation between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer is achieved by adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame to the upper surface of the periphery of the film, and pressing the middle part of the film against the intersection of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame. Then, the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame are adhering to the lower surface of the upper plate layer, and the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame are adhering to the upper surface of the lower plate layer, thereby achieving load-bearing.

[0013] Preferably, both the upper frame and the lower frame include a rectangular border and multiple crossbeams disposed inside the rectangular border. The multiple crossbeams are arranged to cross each other and the end of each crossbeam is connected to the side of the rectangular border. The method of reducing the structural acoustic transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell involves adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame to the upper surface of the lower plate layer, and leaving a gap H4 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame and the upper surface of the lower plate layer; and adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame and the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame to the upper surface of the film, adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame to the lower surface of the upper plate layer, and leaving a gap H5 between the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the lower surface of the upper plate layer. The structural acoustic transmission path is reduced by setting the gaps H4 and H5.

[0014] Preferably, an upwardly extending column four is provided on the upper surface of the intersection of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame, and a downwardly extending column five is provided on the lower surface of the intersection of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame. The load-bearing structure achieved through the cooperation between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer is achieved by adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame to the upper surface of the lower plate layer, and contacting the column five of the lower frame with the upper surface of the lower plate layer; and by adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame and the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame to the upper surface of the film, adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame to the lower surface of the upper plate layer, and contacting the column four of the upper frame with the lower surface of the upper plate layer, thereby achieving load-bearing.

[0015] Preferably, the upper plate layer includes a core material and a panel material disposed on the upper surface of the core material, and the lower plate layer includes a core material and a panel material disposed on the lower surface of the core material. Each of the four corners of the rectangular frame of the upper frame has an upwardly extending column II; after it is formed, the column II is inserted into the core material I of the upper plate layer.

[0016] Preferably, after the second column is inserted into the core material of the upper plate, the top end of the second column contacts the lower surface of the panel of the upper plate.

[0017] Preferably, each of the four corners of the lower rectangular frame of the lower frame is provided with a downwardly extending column three; after molding, the column three is inserted into the core material two of the lower plate layer.

[0018] Preferably, after the column three is inserted into the core material two of the lower plate layer, the top end of the column three contacts the upper surface of the panel two of the lower plate layer.

[0019] Preferably, the molding steps of the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure are as follows: S1. Upper frame-film-mass body adhesive bonding: The upper frame and film are adhesively bonded together, and the mass body is placed in the rectangular space unit A. The mass body is located at the center of the rectangular space unit A, and the mass body is fixed to the film surface by adhesive bonding. S2. Core material composite adhesive: After the adhesive of the composite structure in step S1 has cured, the composite structure is glued to the lower frame. After the bonding is completed, the core material one and core material two on both sides are glued on at the same time and pressure is applied for composite bonding. S3. Panel lamination: The surface of the composite structure completed in step S2 is polished, and the two panels on both sides are glued and pressure-bonded to the two sides of the polished composite structure. When it is necessary to install embedded parts in the frame-type sound insulation load-bearing superstructure, after the composite structure adhesive in step S2 2 has cured, the embedded parts are first embedded into the holes reserved in the superstructure, and then the embedded parts are reinforced by adhesive before step S3 is executed.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through design, this invention, while achieving load-bearing capacity, weakens the structural sound transmission effect by reducing the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell, thereby improving the sound insulation performance of the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure in the low-frequency noise range. This allows the invention to further fully utilize the sound insulation performance of the acoustic superstructure in the low-frequency range while maintaining a certain load-bearing capacity, achieving a superior integration of sound insulation and load-bearing functions in engineering products. Through further design, the gaps H1 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the upper surface of the film, or the gaps H4 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame and the upper surface of the lower plate layer, and the gaps H5 between the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the lower surface of the upper plate layer, are used to reduce the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell. By designing different mating structures between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer, load-bearing capacity is achieved, enabling the product to possess a certain load-bearing capacity and meet basic load-bearing requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a partial front view structural diagram of the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional array structure composed of multiple acoustic superstructure cells in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a single acoustic superstructure unit cell in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of a single acoustic superstructure unit cell in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the film and the lower frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 The frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and along Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional sectional structure after being cut at the position of the DD section line; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 9 The frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and along Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional sectional structure after being cut at the position of the EE section line; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram of section F in the middle; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper frame in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower frame in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure after a portion is cut in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 14 Enlarged structural diagram of section G in the middle; Figure 16 The sound insulation curves obtained after conducting sound insulation experiments on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention and existing frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure panels; Figure 17 To conduct mechanical experiments on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention and existing frame-type sound insulation load-bearing superstructure panels, load-displacement curves under loading conditions were obtained; In the diagram: 1. Upper plate layer; 111. Core material one; 112. Panel one; 2. Acoustic superstructure sandwich layer; 3. Lower plate layer; 311. Core material two; 312. Panel two; 4. Acoustic superstructure cell; 411. Upper frame; 412. Lower frame; 413. Thin film; 5. Mass body; 6. Rectangular frame; 7. Beam; 8. Column one; 9. Column two; 10. Column three; 11. Column four; 12. Column five. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a design method for a frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure is disclosed. The frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure has a multi-layer structure, consisting of, from top to bottom: an upper layer 1, an acoustic metastructure sandwich layer 2, and a lower layer 3. The upper layer 1 includes a core material 111 and a panel 112 disposed on the upper surface of the core material 111. The lower layer 3 includes a second core material 311 and a second panel 312 disposed on the lower surface of the second core material 311. The acoustic metastructure sandwich layer 2 is composed of an array of multiple acoustic metastructure cells 4. Figure 2 The image shows an array of four acoustic superstructure cells 4. However, other numbers of acoustic superstructure cells 4 can be arranged into different arrays depending on the actual operating conditions. Each acoustic superstructure cell 4 includes an upper frame 411, a lower frame 412, and a thin film 413 disposed between the upper frame 411 and the lower frame 412. The upper surface of the upper frame 411 contacts the lower surface of the core material 111, and the lower surface of the lower frame 412 contacts the upper surface of the core material 311. Multiple mass bodies 5 are also adhered to the thin film 413. These mass bodies 5 can vibrate together with the thin film 413. The diameters or dimensions of the multiple mass bodies 5 are gradient-distributed along the in-plane direction, allowing in-plane gradient parameters to be coupled in parallel to achieve low-frequency broadband sound insulation. Parallel coupling of in-plane gradient parameters refers to arranging multiple mass bodies with different parameters in parallel within a plate-type acoustic superstructure. Here, gradient parameters refer to the mass body diameter, thickness, and density parameters.

[0024] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, both the upper frame 411 and the lower frame 412 include a rectangular frame 6 and multiple crossbeams 7 disposed inside the rectangular frame 6. The multiple crossbeams 7 are intersecting each other, and the end of each crossbeam 7 is connected to the side of the rectangular frame 6. After the product is formed, the rectangular frame 6 and crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 located at the top correspond to the rectangular frame 6 and crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 located at the bottom. When the film 413 is placed between the upper frame 411 and the lower frame 412, the upper frame 411 and the lower frame 412 divide the film 413 into multiple rectangular spatial units A, and each mass body 5 is located on the film 413 in one rectangular spatial unit A. Figure 6 As shown, downward-extending columns 8 are provided on the lower surface at the intersection of multiple crossbeams 7.

[0025] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surface of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 are all in contact with the lower surface of the film 413. The lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 and the lower surface of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 are all in contact with the upper surface of the core material 311. The lower surface of the core material 311 and the upper surface of the panel 312 are in contact with each other.

[0026] The lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 adheres to the upper surface of the periphery of the film 413, thereby pressing and fixing the periphery of the film 413 by the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 and the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412; a gap H1 is left between the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 and the upper surface of the film 413, and the lower end faces of the multiple columns 8 of the upper frame 411 are in contact with the upper surface of the film 413, thereby pressing the middle part of the film 413 against the intersection of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 by the multiple columns 8. Figure 5 At point C, the height of column 8 is the same as the gap H1. The upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 are all in contact with the lower surface of the core material 111, and the upper surface of the core material 111 is in contact with the lower surface of the panel 112.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, after assembly, using the above method, for each rectangular space unit A, the upper surface of the rectangular border 6 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 are adhered to the lower surface of the film 413, and the lower surface of the rectangular border 6 of the upper frame 411 is adhered to the upper surface of the periphery of the film 413. Furthermore, the column 8 of the upper frame 411 presses the middle part of the film 413 against the intersection of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412. Figure 5 At point C, the boundaries of each rectangular spatial unit A are constrained, thus forming a local resonant unit. In this embodiment, the cooperation structure between the upper frame 411 and the lower frame 412 constrains the boundaries of each rectangular spatial unit A, making each rectangular spatial unit A a local resonant unit. Each local resonant unit can be simplified as a spring-mass system. Under the excitation of the incident sound wave, this spring-mass system resonates, dissipating the energy of the incident sound wave. Furthermore, at a certain frequency band, it will perform total reflection of the sound wave, forming a sound insulation peak. Arranging multiple mass bodies with different diameters in the same layer structure forms an in-plane gradient distribution, expanding the sound insulation frequency band. Each size of mass body corresponds to a different resonant frequency, thus forming multiple sound insulation peaks and covering a wider frequency range. The coupling effect between the aforementioned local resonant units and the plate layers achieves low-frequency broadband sound insulation.

[0028] In terms of load-bearing capacity, the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 are adhered to the lower surface of the film 413. The lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 is adhered to the upper surface of the periphery of the film 413. The column 8 of the upper frame 411 presses the middle portion of the film 413 against the intersection of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412, thus achieving load-bearing capacity within the acoustic superstructure sandwich layer 2. Similarly, the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 are adhered to the lower surface of the core material 111. The upper surface of the core material 111 is adhered to the lower surface of the panel 112, thus achieving load-bearing capacity between the acoustic superstructure sandwich layer 2 and the upper plate layer 1. By adhering the lower surfaces of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 and the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 to the upper surface of the core material 311, and adhering the lower surface of the core material 311 to the upper surface of the panel 312, the load-bearing capacity between the acoustic superstructure sandwich layer 2 and the lower plate layer 3 is achieved. Through the above method, the load-bearing function is realized by utilizing the cooperative structure between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure sandwich layer, and the lower plate layer.

[0029] In existing frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructures, the frame structure is generally used for load-bearing, while the metastructure is used for sound insulation. However, noise is a mechanical wave, and its propagation path includes solid-borne propagation. Therefore, when noise penetrates the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure, some of the noise will propagate through the frame, forming structural noise. Therefore, the core logic for reducing this structural noise is to cut off or weaken the propagation chain of "vibration source-solid structure-air". To this end, this embodiment adopts a resonant technology route of frame-film-mass body. In this embodiment, the design method optimizes sound insulation by leaving a gap H1 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the upper surface of the film, preventing contact, thereby reducing the structural noise transmission path between the upper and lower frames and weakening the transmission effect of structural noise. Simultaneously, the coupling effect between the acoustic metastructure cells and the plate layers achieves low-frequency broadband sound insulation, ultimately achieving a superior sound insulation effect. Therefore, this embodiment can further fully utilize the sound insulation performance of the acoustic metastructure in the low-frequency range while maintaining a certain load-bearing capacity, achieving a superior integration of sound insulation and load-bearing functions in the engineering product.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, upward-extending columns 9 are provided at the four corners of the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, after the product is formed, the second column 9 is inserted into the core material 111 of the upper plate layer 1. This creates an interlocking structure between the upper frame 411 and the upper plate layer 1, preventing the upper plate layer from separating from the upper frame when the plate is subjected to bending moments, thus giving the entire plate superior bending resistance. In this embodiment, after the second column 9 is inserted into the core material 111 of the upper plate layer 1, the top of the second column 9 contacts the lower surface of the panel 112 of the upper plate layer 1, where the bending resistance is optimal. However, they may not need to be in contact at this point.

[0031] Similarly, such as Figure 11 As shown, downward-extending column 3 10 is provided at each of the four corners of the lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, after the product is formed, the column 3 10 is inserted into the core material 311 of the lower plate layer 3. This creates an interlocking structure between the lower frame 412 and the lower plate layer 3, preventing separation between the lower plate layer and the lower frame when the plate is subjected to bending moments, thus giving the entire plate superior bending resistance. In this embodiment, after the column 3 10 is inserted into the core material 311 of the lower plate layer 3, the top of the column 3 10 contacts the upper surface of the panel 312 of the lower plate layer 3, where the bending resistance is optimal. However, they may not need to be in contact at this point.

[0032] like Figure 10 As shown, the thickness H2 of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 is greater than the thickness H3 of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412, which makes it easier to reserve sufficient vibration space for the mass on the film.

[0033] In this embodiment, the panel material can be one of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or metal alloy plate; the core material can be one of aluminum foam, phenolic foam, or polyurethane foam; the film material can be one of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene terephthalate naphthalene, or polymethyl methacrylate; the frame material can be resin or glass fiber reinforced plastic; and the bulk material can be resin, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or metal.

[0034] The molding steps in this embodiment are as follows: S1. Upper frame-film-mass body adhesive bonding: The upper frame and film are adhesively bonded together, and the mass body is placed in the rectangular space unit A. The mass body is located at the center of the rectangular space unit A, and the mass body is fixed to the film surface by adhesive bonding. S2. Core Material Composite Adhesive: After the adhesive of the composite structure in step S1 has cured, the composite structure is glued to the lower frame. After the bonding is completed, the core material one and core material two on both sides are glued on at the same time and pressure is applied to bond them together. Strict control of the adhesive layer bubbling is required to ensure a firm bond. S3. Panel lamination: The surface of the composite structure completed in step S2 is polished, and the first and second panels on both sides are glued and pressure-bonded to the two sides of the polished composite structure. The bubbling of the adhesive layer is strictly controlled to ensure a firm bond.

[0035] Sometimes, after the superstructure is installed in the application scenario, other equipment, such as seats, needs to be installed on the superstructure. In order to install seats, embedded parts need to be installed on the superstructure. In this case, after the composite structure adhesive in step S2 has cured, the embedded parts need to be embedded into the holes reserved in the superstructure, and the embedded parts need to be reinforced by adhesive before step S3 is executed.

[0036] Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that... Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, an upwardly extending column 411 is provided on the upper surface of the intersection of multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411, and a downwardly extending column 512 is provided on the lower surface of the intersection of multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412.

[0037] like Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 are both adhered to and in contact with the lower surface of the film 413. The lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 is adhered to and in contact with the upper surface of the second core material 311. A gap H4 is left between the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surface of the second core material 311. The lower surface of the second core material 311 is adhered to and in contact with the upper surface of the second panel 312.

[0038] The lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 and the lower surface of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 are both adhered to and in contact with the upper surface of the film 413. The upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 is adhered to and in contact with the lower surface of the core material 111. A gap H5 is left between the upper surface of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 and the lower surface of the core material 111. The upper surface of the core material 111 is adhered to and in contact with the lower surface of the panel 112.

[0039] The end faces of the multiple columns 11 of the upper frame 411 are in contact with the lower surface of the core material 111, and the end faces of the multiple columns 12 of the lower frame 412 are in contact with the upper surface of the core material 311. The height of the columns 11 is consistent with the gap H5, and the height of the columns 12 is consistent with the gap H4.

[0040] In this embodiment, the design method optimizes sound insulation by leaving a gap H5 between the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the lower surface of the core material one, so that they do not contact each other, and by leaving a gap H4 between the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame and the upper surface of the core material two, so that they do not contact each other. This reduces the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames and weakens the structural sound transmission effect.

[0041] In this embodiment, the load-bearing aspect is achieved by adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 to the lower surface of the film 413, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the lower frame 412 to the upper surface of the core material 311, and adhering the column 5 12 of the lower frame 412 to the upper surface of the core material 311, and adhering the lower surface of the core material 311 to the upper surface of the panel 312. Additionally, the load-bearing is achieved by adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 and the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 to the upper surface of the film 413, adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame 6 of the upper frame 411 to the lower surface of the core material 111, and adhering the column 4 11 of the upper frame 411 to the lower surface of the core material 111, and adhering the upper surface of the core material 111 to the lower surface of the panel 112.

[0042] After molding, the upper frame 411 and the lower frame 412 divide the film 413 into multiple rectangular spatial units A. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the rectangular border 6 of the lower frame 412 and the upper surface of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the lower frame 412 are adhered to the lower surface of the film 413, and the lower surface of the rectangular border 6 of the upper frame 411 and the lower surface of the multiple crossbeams 7 of the upper frame 411 are adhered to the upper surface of the film 413, thereby constraining the boundary of each rectangular spatial unit A, so that each rectangular spatial unit A forms a local resonant unit.

[0043] This application also verifies the sound insulation and load-bearing performance of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and existing frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure panels: I. Sound insulation performance By conducting sound insulation experiments on the above three samples, the following results were obtained: Figure 16 The sound insulation curves shown in the figure indicate that, in the frequency band from 100Hz to 1600Hz, the sound insulation performance of both Example 1 and Example 2 is better than that of the prior art. Moreover, in this frequency band, the sound insulation performance of Example 1 is superior to that of Example 2.

[0044] II. Load-bearing capacity Through mechanical experiments on the above three samples, the following results were obtained: Figure 17 The load-displacement curves under the loading conditions shown in the figure indicate that the prior art has the best load-bearing performance. The load-bearing performance of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is not much different. Although the load-bearing performance of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is slightly lower than that of the prior art, it is not much different from that of the prior art and has a certain load-bearing capacity, meeting the basic load-bearing requirements.

[0045] In summary, this invention, through design, reduces the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell while achieving load-bearing capacity, thus weakening the structural sound transmission effect and improving the sound insulation performance of the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure in the low-frequency noise range. This allows the invention to further fully utilize the sound insulation performance of the acoustic superstructure in the low-frequency range while maintaining a certain load-bearing capacity, achieving a superior integration of sound insulation and load-bearing functions in engineering products. Further design utilizes gaps H1 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the upper surface of the membrane, or gaps H4 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame and the upper surface of the lower plate layer, and gaps H5 between the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the lower surface of the upper plate layer, thereby reducing the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell. By designing different mating structures between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer, load-bearing capacity is achieved, enabling the product to possess a certain load-bearing capacity and meet basic load-bearing requirements.

[0046] In the embodiments, "multiple" refers to "two or more". The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the protection scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A design method for a frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure, wherein the design method divides the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing metastructure from top to bottom into: an upper layer, an acoustic metastructure interlayer, and a lower layer. The acoustic metastructure interlayer is composed of multiple acoustic metastructure cell arrays. Each acoustic metastructure cell includes an upper frame, a lower frame, and a thin film disposed between the upper and lower frames. Multiple mass bodies are also disposed on the thin film. The upper and lower frames divide the thin film into multiple rectangular spatial units A. The upper and lower frames constrain the boundaries of each rectangular spatial unit A, thereby making each rectangular spatial unit A form a local resonant unit. Each mass body is located in a local resonant unit. The coupling effect between the acoustic metastructure cells and the layer can achieve low-frequency broadband sound insulation function. The method is characterized by: The upper plate, acoustic superstructure interlayer, and lower plate layer work together to achieve load-bearing capacity while reducing the structural sound transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell, thereby weakening the transmission effect of structural sound and improving the sound insulation performance of the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure in the low-frequency noise range.

2. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper frame and the lower frame include a rectangular border and multiple crossbeams disposed inside the rectangular border. The multiple crossbeams are arranged to intersect each other and the end of each crossbeam is connected to the side of the rectangular border. The method of reducing the structural acoustic transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell is to adhere the upper surface of the rectangular border of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, and adhere the lower surface of the rectangular border of the upper frame to the upper surface of the periphery of the film. A gap H1 is left between the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the upper surface of the film. The structural acoustic transmission path is reduced by using the gap H1.

3. The design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: A downwardly extending column is provided on the lower surface at each of the intersections of the multiple crossbeams; The load-bearing structure achieved through the cooperation between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer is achieved by adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame to the upper surface of the periphery of the film, and pressing the middle part of the film against the intersection of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame. Then, the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame are adhering to the lower surface of the upper plate layer, and the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame are adhering to the upper surface of the lower plate layer, thereby achieving load-bearing.

4. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper frame and the lower frame include a rectangular border and multiple crossbeams disposed inside the rectangular border. The multiple crossbeams are arranged to intersect each other and the end of each crossbeam is connected to the side of the rectangular border. The method of reducing the structural acoustic transmission path between the upper and lower frames in the acoustic superstructure cell involves adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame to the upper surface of the lower plate layer, and leaving a gap H4 between the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame and the upper surface of the lower plate layer; and adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame and the lower surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame to the upper surface of the film, adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame to the lower surface of the upper plate layer, and leaving a gap H5 between the upper surfaces of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame and the lower surface of the upper plate layer. The structural acoustic transmission path is reduced by setting the gaps H4 and H5.

5. The design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: An upwardly extending column four is provided on the upper surface of the intersection of multiple crossbeams of the upper frame, and a downwardly extending column five is provided on the lower surface of the intersection of multiple crossbeams of the lower frame. The load-bearing structure achieved through the cooperation between the upper plate layer, the acoustic superstructure interlayer, and the lower plate layer is achieved by adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame and the upper surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the lower frame to the lower surface of the film, adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the lower frame to the upper surface of the lower plate layer, and contacting the column five of the lower frame with the upper surface of the lower plate layer; and by adhering the lower surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame and the lower surfaces of the multiple crossbeams of the upper frame to the upper surface of the film, adhering the upper surface of the rectangular frame of the upper frame to the lower surface of the upper plate layer, and contacting the column four of the upper frame with the lower surface of the upper plate layer, thereby achieving load-bearing.

6. The design method according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: The upper plate layer includes a core material one and a panel one disposed on the upper surface of the core material one; the lower plate layer includes a core material two and a panel two disposed on the lower surface of the core material two. Each of the four corners of the rectangular frame of the upper frame has an upwardly extending column II; after it is formed, the column II is inserted into the core material I of the upper plate layer.

7. The design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the second column is inserted into the core material of the upper plate, the top of the second column comes into contact with the lower surface of the panel of the upper plate.

8. The design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the four corners of the rectangular frame of the lower frame has a downwardly extending column three; after it is formed, the column three is inserted into the core material two of the lower plate layer.

9. The design method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the column three is inserted into the core material two of the lower plate layer, the top of the column three contacts the upper surface of the panel two of the lower plate layer.

10. The design method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The molding steps of the frame-type sound-insulating load-bearing superstructure are as follows: S1. Upper frame-film-mass body adhesive bonding: The upper frame and film are adhesively bonded together, and the mass body is placed in the rectangular space unit A. The mass body is located at the center of the rectangular space unit A, and the mass body is fixed to the film surface by adhesive bonding. S2. Core material composite adhesive: After the adhesive of the composite structure in step S1 has cured, the composite structure is glued to the lower frame. After the bonding is completed, the core material one and core material two on both sides are glued on at the same time and pressure is applied for composite bonding. S3. Panel lamination: The surface of the composite structure completed in step S2 is polished, and the two panels on both sides are glued and pressure-bonded to the two sides of the polished composite structure. When it is necessary to install embedded parts in the frame-type sound insulation load-bearing superstructure, after the composite structure adhesive in step S2 2 has cured, the embedded parts are first embedded into the holes reserved in the superstructure, and then the embedded parts are reinforced by adhesive before step S3 is executed.

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