797 results about "Signal beam" patented technology

For detecting three-dimensional shapes of an elongated flexible body, a sensor cable to be placed in a passage or channel which is formed axially and coextensively within the elongated flexible body. The sensor cable has two pairs of fiber Bragg grating strands within a tubular carrier casing. A signal light beam containing Bragg wavelength bands is projected from a light source to input same to refractive index change portions in the fiber Bragg grating strands. Reflection diffraction light signals from the refractive index change portions are received by a signal processor to measure the degree of strain at each one of the respective refractive index change portions by comparing wavelengths of the reflection diffraction light signals with reference wavelength.

An optical coupling device including: at least a first input port for delivering an optical input signal beam that includes a plurality of wavelength channels; at least a first optical output port for receiving an optical output signal beam; a wavelength dispersion element for spatially separating the plurality of wavelength channels in the optical input signal beam to form a plurality of spatially separated wavelength channel beams; an optical coupling device for independently modifying the phase of each of the spatially separated wavelength channel beams such that, for at least one wavelength channel beam, a selected fraction of the light is coupled to the first output port and a fraction of the light is coupled away from the first output port.

A fiber laser amplifier system including a master oscillator that generates a signal beam. A splitter splits the signal beam into a plurality of fiber beams where a separate fiber beam is sent to a fiber amplifier for amplifying the fiber beam. A tapered fiber bundle couples all of the output ends of all of the fiber amplifiers into a combined fiber providing a combined output beam. An end cap is optically coupled to an output end of the tapered fiber bundle to expand the output beam.

For detecting three-dimensional shapes of an elongated flexible body, a sensor cable to be placed in a passage or channel which is formed axially and coextensively within the elongated flexible body. The sensor cable has two pairs of fiber Bragg grating strands within a tubular carrier casing. A signal light beam containing Bragg wavelength bands is projected from a light source to input same to refractive index change portions in the fiber Bragg grating strands. Reflection diffraction light signals from the refractive index change portions are received by a signal processor to measure the degree of strain at each one of the respective refractive index change portions by comparing wavelengths of the reflection diffraction light signals with reference wavelength.

A multi-beam scanning electron beam device (100) is described. The multi-bea scanning electron beam device having a column, includes a multi-beam emitter (110) for emitting a plurality of electron beams (12,13,14), at least one common electron beam optical element (130) having a common opening for at least two of the plurality of electron beams and being adapted for commonly influencing at least two of the plurality of electron beams, at least one individual electron beam optical element (140) for individually influencing the plurality of electron beams, a common objective lens assembly (150) for focusing the plurality of electrons beams having a common excitation for focusing at least two of the plurality of electron beams, and adapted for focusing the plurality of electron beams onto a specimen (20) for generation of a plurality of signal beams (121, 131,141), and a detection assembly (170) for individually detecting each signal beam on a corresponding detection element.

A remote control device for operating an electronic device having an means. The remote control device is configured to be grasped for operation by both hands of a user and is comprised of a body having a lower part an upper part and a continuous sidewall extending between said lower and upper parts. One or more operation areas are positioned on the body and are equipped with a plurality of channel operation buttons, the channel operation buttons being arranged on the body and numbered to correspond with a user's fingers such that when the remote control is grasped in both of the user's hands, each of the user's fingers are comfortably positioned upon one of the plurality of operation buttons so as to facilitate control of the electronic device such that selection may be rapidly and conveniently changed by depressing the desired button with the finger which rests upon the operation button which corresponds to the desired selection. Additional basic control buttons, such as volume control, are easily reached by the user's fingers while grasping the body or bodies. The remote control device also includes channel operation means capable of generating a code signal which corresponds to one or more of the channel operation buttons when one or more of the channel operation buttons are depressed. An infrared beam emitter or wired connection is also provided for producing a signal beam to engage the infrared beam receiver of the television set to change a channel.

Disclosed is a multiplexing method and apparatus that allows holograms to be spatially multiplexed with partial spatial overlap between neighboring stacks of holograms. Each individual stack can additionally take full advantage of an alternate multiplexing scheme such as angle, wavelength, phase code, peristrophic, or fractal multiplexing, for example. An amount equal to the beam waist of the signal beam writing a hologram separates individual stacks of holograms. Upon reconstruction, a hologram and its neighbors will all be readout simultaneously. An filter is placed at the beam waist of the reconstructed data such that the neighbors that are read out are not transmitted to the camera plane. Alternatively, these unwanted reconstructions can be filtered out with an angular filter at an intermediate plane in the optical system that has a limited angular passband.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting a narrow signal beam that allows the precise location of RFID tags to be determined and reduces tag collisions. The present invention further relates to a method and apparatus for combing an RFID reader with an optical source to visualize the interrogation zone of the reader. The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for improving the efficiency of RFID systems.

An optical amplifier having a two-stage construction using an erbium doped fiber (EDF) as a gain medium. The erbium dopant concentration is 1000 ppm, and the unsaturated absorption coefficient of the signal beam at 1550 nm is 1 dB / m. The length of the EDF 14-8 is 10 m, and the length of the EDF 14-12 is 70 m. The excitation light sources 14-6 and 14-10 are semiconductor lasers of 1.53 mum, and the excitation light power is 100 mW. Multiplexers 14-7 and 14-11 are inductive multi-layer film filters, and the gain equalizer 14-4 is a Fourier filter. The peak loss of the Fourier filter is 17 dB. The gain of the EDF 14-8 is 25 dB, and the gain of the EDF 14-12 is 15 dB. Two optical isolators are installed on a pre-stage amplifier, and one on a post-stage amplifier in order to prevent laser oscillation.

A holographic storage apparatus for recording data in a holographic medium includes at least one light source for generating a reference beam and a signal beam. The reference beam is preferably a phase beam of unchanging phase content. The apparatus also includes a holographic medium placed in a path of the reference beam and a path of the signal beam. The holographic medium has a first face and both the reference beam and the signal beam enter the holographic medium through the first face. The holographic medium also includes a data reflective surface. The reference beam and the signal beam interfere in the holographic medium to create a hologram only after at least one of the reference beam and the signal beam have reflected off of the data reflective surface.

A measuring device is provided with a signal generator and a signal receiver, which is located at a measurable distance from the signal generator. The signal generator is designed for the emission of at least two signal beams covering in given relationship to each other an area and the signal receiver is designed for the time-resolved reception of the signal beams in such a manner that the generator-receiver distance can be determined from the time signature of the signal beam reception.

A ring-laser system that includes a plurality of ring-laser gain elements and a spectral-beam-combining output stage configured to combine a plurality of beams coming from the gain elements into an output beam and that includes chromatic-dispersion compensation. In some embodiments, the output stage includes a plurality of highly reflective dielectric-coated focussing elements. In some embodiments, the output stage includes a plurality of high-efficiency dielectric-coated grating elements. In some embodiments, the output stage includes a mostly reflective but partially transmissive output mirror and a highly reflective beam-reversing mirror configured to reflect a majority of a backward-traveling signal beam such that it becomes forward traveling. In some embodiments, each gain element further includes a photonic-crystal-rod power amplifier. Some embodiments have an amplitude modulator configured to pulse the plurality of beams, and a timing controller configured to synchronize the pulses of the plurality of beams. Some embodiments further include a non-linear wavelength-conversion device.

A doubly clamped beam has an asymmetric piezoelectric layer within the beam with a gate proximate to the beam within a submicron distance with a gate and beam dipole. A suspended beam is formed using a Cl2 / He plasma etch supplied at a flow rate ratio of 1:9 respectively into a plasma chamber. A parametric amplifier comprises a NEMS signal beam driven at resonance and a pair of pump beams driven at twice resonance to generate a modulated Lorentz force on the pump beams to perturb the spring constant of the signal beam. A bridge circuit provides two out-of-phase components of an excitation signal to a first and second NEMS beam in a first and second arm. A DC current is supplied to an AC driven NEMS device to tune the resonant frequency. An analyzer comprises a plurality of piezoresistive NEMS cantilevers with different resonant frequencies and a plurality of drive / sense elements, or an interacting plurality of beams to form an optical diffraction grating, or a plurality of strain-sensing NEMS cantilevers, each responsive to a different analyte, or a plurality of piezoresistive NEMS cantilevers with different IR absorbers.

Various methods and devices are provided to improve wireless communications. In one method, a need for additional wireless service in a target area is detected (401). As part of a first-layer beamforming process, a signaling beam is directed (402) toward the target area. As part of a second-layer beamforming process, at least some inter-cell interference is canceled (403) in the target area. In another method, a wireless denial of service (WDoS) attack from a first wireless node is detected (501). A signaling beam is directed (502) toward the first wireless node to suppress signaling from the first wireless node. While suppressing this signaling, service is provided (503) to other wireless nodes.

Apparatus and method for suppressing modal instabilities (MI) in fiber-amplifier systems. In some embodiments, thermal effects drive the MI process, and in some such embodiments, the present invention provides a plurality of options for mitigating these thermal effects. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a hybrid fiber with a smaller core in the initial length where the thermal loads are highest, followed by a larger-core fiber. In some embodiments the length of the smaller-core section is chosen to keep the core heat-per-unit-length of the second section below a critical value for the onset of MI. In some embodiments, the hybrid fiber of the present invention avoids modal instabilities while yielding almost the same performance as compared to conventional fibers with regard to minimizing fiber nonlinearities such as Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS). In some embodiments, the hybrid fiber outputs a signal beam with at least 1 kW of power.

An endoscopic apparatus includes a light-generating mechanism for generating at least one modulated measuring beam, a light-transmitting mechanism for conducting the measuring beam onto an area to be observed, where the light-transmitting mechanism includes an illuminating lens, in addition to a light-imaging mechanism for imaging a signal beam from the area to be observed at least onto a phase-sensitive image sensor, which includes a number of pixels, where the light-imaging mechanism includes an imaging lens. At least one additional image sensor is provided and the light-imaging mechanism includes a beam-splitter and / or an optical switch, where at least one adaptive lens is provided for adapting the fields of vision of the image sensors. As a result, an apparatus is created for endoscopic 3D data collection that is suitable for various types of image sensors.

A reflector antenna arrangement can transmit and receive both infrared (IR) and millimeter wave (RF) radiation. The arrangement includes a main reflector (1), a subreflector (2), an IR feed system (4), an RF feed system (3), a radome (5), and a bispectral window (6) arranged in an opening provided in a central area of the main reflector (1). The RF feed system is oriented so that the RF radiation path includes a double reflection from the subreflector and from the main reflector, while the IR feed system is arranged directly behind the bispectral window so that the IR beam path extends directly through the bispectral window without reflecting from the main reflector or the subreflector. The bispectral window has a high reflectance for the RF radiation and a high transmittance of the IR radiation. The bispectral window is made of a dielectric material and has rotationally symmetrical front and back surfaces, whereby the front surface contour is optimally matched to the front surface of the main reflector and the back surface contour achieves an optimal reflectivity of the RF radiation and an optimal transmissivity of the IR radiation. Undesired influences between the IR radiation and the RF radiation are avoided by the separation of the signal beam paths.

The present invention describes a method for temporal adjustment of adaptation control of an adaptive interference canceller (AIC) based on spatially weighted beamforming pre-processing. Most importantly, the present invention enhances the spatial blocking performance, while generating noise references for the AIC by a beamformer, by introducing dynamic adjustment to the AIC filter adaptation control. As a result, adaptation is effectively realized in two dimensions—spatial and temporal. The criterion for adjusting the AIC filter adaptation control is applied continuously following generation of the noise references. Essential in the invention is the comparison of the short-time powers or levels of the noise reference signals and desired signal beams and allowing the adaptation of the AIC filter under consideration only when the noise reference signal power is large enough in comparison with the desired signal power.

An endoscopic apparatus includes a light-generating mechanism for generating at least one modulated measuring beam, a light-transmitting mechanism for conducting the measuring beam onto an area to be observed, where the light-transmitting mechanism includes an illuminating lens, in addition to a light-imaging mechanism for imaging a signal beam from the area to be observed at least onto a phase-sensitive image sensor, which includes a number of pixels, where the light-imaging mechanism includes an imaging lens. At least one additional image sensor is provided and the light-imaging mechanism includes a beam-splitter and / or an optical switch, where at least one adaptive lens is provided for adapting the fields of vision of the image sensors. As a result, an apparatus is created for endoscopic 3D data collection that is suitable for various types of image sensors.

A fiber laser amplifier system including a master oscillator that generates a signal beam. A splitter splits the signal beam into a plurality of fiber beams where a separate fiber beam is sent to a fiber amplifier for amplifying the fiber beam. A tapered fiber bundle couples all of the output ends of all of the fiber amplifiers into a combined fiber providing a combined output beam. An end cap is optically coupled to an output end of the tapered fiber bundle to expand the output beam.

A fiber laser amplifier system including a plurality of master oscillators each generating a signal beam at a different wavelength. A splitter is provided for each master oscillator that splits the signal beam into a plurality of fiber beams where a separate fiber beam is sent to a fiber amplifier. A tapered fiber bundle couples the output ends the fiber amplifiers for each wavelength group into a combined fiber providing a combined output beam, where a separate combined output beam is provided for the wavelength for each master oscillator. An end cap is optically coupled to an output end of each of the tapered fiber bundles to expand the combined output beam. A spectral beam combination grating receives the combined beams from the tapered fiber bundles at different angles and outputs an output beam of all of the combined beams as a single beam being directed in the same direction.

An optical coupling device including: at least a first input port for delivering an optical input signal beam that includes a plurality of wavelength channels; at least a first optical output port for receiving an optical output signal beam; a wavelength dispersion element for spatially separating the plurality of wavelength channels in the optical input signal beam to form a plurality of spatially separated wavelength channel beams; an optical coupling device for independently modifying the phase of each of the spatially separated wavelength channel beams such that, for at least one wavelength channel beam, a selected fraction of the light is coupled to the first output port and a fraction of the light is coupled away from the first output port.

A near eye display device includes a sparse array of intensity modulated light beam emission and steering points disposed on a transparent lens, capable of forming a wide field of view composite image directly on the retina with variable degrees of apparent depth controlled by an image forming timing signal. The active regions of the beam emission and steering elements is configured so as not to generate optical aberrations of transmitted ambient light that is apparent to the eye. The display may be applied to small form factor stereoscopic head worn display systems and used in conjunction with Augmented Reality software applications.

Provided is an apparatus and method for recording holographic element images using a spatial light modulator (SLM), the apparatus including a recording light source unit to split a source beam output from a light source into a first output beam and a second output beam and output the first output beam and the second output beam, a reference beam generator to eliminate a distortion of the first output beam, and generate a reference beam by controlling a size and a shape of the distortion-eliminated first output beam, an object beam generator to generate an object beam by eliminating a distortion of the second output beam, and an object beam converging lens system to output a signal beam by modulating an object beam using a holographic element image, split the output signal beam in a plurality of directions, and converge split signal beams to be incident to a hologram film.

There is provided a hologram reconstruction method including: onto an optical recording medium in which a hologram is recorded by simultaneously irradiating the Fourier transformed signal beam representing a digital data with a bright and dark image and removing a DC component and the Fourier transformed reference beam thereon, irradiating a first reference beam for reading out that is the same as the reference beam to generate a first diffracted light generated by the recorded hologram, and synthesizing a DC component of a predetermined phase with the generated first diffracted light to generate a first synthesized light; detecting an inverse Fourier transformed image of the first synthesized light to obtain first image data; irradiating a second reference beam for reading out that differs from the reference beam onto the hologram recorded on the optical recording medium to generate a second diffracted light from the recorded hologram, and synthesizing a DC component of a predetermined phase with the generated second diffracted light to generate a second synthesized light; detecting an inverse Fourier transformed image of the second synthesized light to obtain second image data; subtracting one of the first image data and the second image data from the other at each pixel of the light and dark image; and decoding the digital data based on the value obtained by subtraction.

While Fourier transformation of a signal light beam is performed to perform recording during holographic recording so that a focal point is formed outside a holographic recording layer (defocus recording), an aperture is arranged on an outgoing side of the reproduced signal light beam (reproduction light beam), the reproduction light beam is focused at the aperture, and low-order components of a Fourier transform image of the reproduction light beam are selectively transmitted to detect only the transmitted light beam. Therefore, information recorded as the hologram in the holographic recording layer can be reproduced with high S / N ratio from the holographic recording layer added onto a support body, particularly onto a sheet member having non-optical quality such as paper and a plastic card.

A description is provided of an optical information recording and reproducing apparatus. The apparatus comprises: a holographic memory made of a photorefractive crystalline material; a support portion for detachably supporting the memory; a reference beam supplying portion for supplying a coherent reference beam of a first wavelength incident on the memory; a signal beam generating portion for supplying a coherent signal beam of the first wavelength, which is modulated in accordance with image data, incident on the memory, intersecting therein the signal beam with the reference beam, and generating a three-dimensional interference pattern of the beams; a detecting portion for detecting a diffracted light from a refractive index grating of the interference pattern in the memory, due to irradiation of the reference beam; and a medium position adjusting portion for moving a position of the support portion in accordance with a signal corresponding to positioning images from the detection portion. The memory includes a nonvolatile refractive index grating corresponding to a three-dimensional interference pattern of a coherent reference beam and a coherent signal beam, the coherent signal beam being modulated in accordance with positioning images.

In an image recording apparatus 1 which records an image on a recording medium 9 by moving an optical head 10 while rotating the recording medium 9 held by a holding drum 7, a photodetector 2 having a plurality of photodetector elements 21 is provided in a range of movement of the optical head 10. In correcting beam intensity, the optical head 10 is positioned so precisely that the photodetector 2 can receive the signal light beams. This constitution makes it possible to detect signal light beams from the light modulator with high S / N ratio as compared with a conventional case where one photodetector element sequentially receives the signal light beams, and therefore possible to correct the beam intensities with high accuracy.

A method and apparatus is provided for writing a code on an optical element, wherein the code is written on the optical element in the form of a holographic image of an n-dimensional code generated by an interference pattern between a reference beam and a signal beam reflected off a spatial light modulation device having the n-dimensional code configured thereon. The method includes steps of generating the interference pattern between the reference beam and the signal beam reflected off the spatial light modulation device having the n-dimensional code thereon; as well as writing the interference pattern on the optical element as a holographic image of the n-dimensional code.