132results about "Optical transmission with multiple stages" patented technology

An optical amplifier having a two-stage construction using an erbium doped fiber (EDF) as a gain medium. The erbium dopant concentration is 1000 ppm, and the unsaturated absorption coefficient of the signal beam at 1550 nm is 1 dB/m. The length of the EDF 14-8 is 10 m, and the length of the EDF 14-12 is 70 m. The excitation light sources 14-6 and 14-10 are semiconductor lasers of 1.53 mum, and the excitation light power is 100 mW. Multiplexers 14-7 and 14-11 are inductive multi-layer film filters, and the gain equalizer 14-4 is a Fourier filter. The peak loss of the Fourier filter is 17 dB. The gain of the EDF 14-8 is 25 dB, and the gain of the EDF 14-12 is 15 dB. Two optical isolators are installed on a pre-stage amplifier, and one on a post-stage amplifier in order to prevent laser oscillation.

A data storage system is disclosed that includes a recirculating loop storing data in motion. The data may be carried by a signal via the loop including one or more satellites or other vessels that return, for example by reflection or regeneration, the signals through the loop. The loop may also include a waveguide, for example an optical fiber, or an optical cavity. Signal multiplexing may be used to increase the contained data. The signal may be amplified at each roundtrip and sometimes a portion of the signal may be regenerated.

An optical amplifier of the invention comprises first and second optical amplification sections connected in a cascade manner between an input terminal and an output terminal. Optical isolators which block C-band ASE travelling in an opposite direction to L-band signal light, are inserted on the amplification medium of each of the optical amplification sections. A constant gain control section calculates the number of wavelengths based on the input power of signal light, and controls the pumping light power of each optical amplification section at a constant slope with respect to the number of wavelengths, so that the respective gains in the optical amplification sections corresponding to the number of wavelengths each become constant. As a result, it is possible to maintain flat gain wavelength characteristics even when receiving input of WDM light where the number of wavelengths varies rapidly over a wide range.

An optical amplifier includes an output unit that outputs a loss monitoring light having a wavelength that causes neither absorption nor gain with respect to each of the wavelengths of a light signal to be amplified with EDFs; a multiplexing unit that multiplexes the loss monitoring light with the light signal at an input stage of the light signal; a demultiplexing unit that demultiplexes the loss monitoring light from multiplexed light signal at an output stage of the light signal; a detecting unit that detects intensity of loss monitoring light at the input stage and intensity of loss monitoring light at the output stage; a calculating unit that calculates, based on the intensities, a loss of the loss monitoring light that has occurred between the input stage and the output stage; and a control unit that controls, based on the loss, the variable optical attenuator.

The optical amplifier realizes EDFA amplification of optical signals in new bands (the S+- and S-bands), at wavelengths of 1450 to 1530 nm. The amplifier uses multiple erbium-doped fibers to amplify optical signals at wavelengths of 1450 to 1530 nm. Each of the multiple optical filters is interposed between the individual erbium-doped fibers. The sum of the transmission characteristics of the multiple filters is identical to an inverted EDF wavelength gain characteristic at wavelengths of 1450 to 1530 nm which is then shifted to the direction that the transmission increases.

An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by Δ, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately −Δ. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.

Optical amplifier which can eliminate the need for an optical detection section before an external attenuating medium, can prevent SN degradation, and can reduce power required for pumping light. An attenuation amount detection section detects an amount of signal light attenuation caused by a variable optical attenuator and the external attenuating medium connected in series, by means of a front optical detection section provided before the variable optical attenuator and the external attenuating medium and a back optical detection section provided thereafter. An attenuation amount control section controls the variable optical attenuator such that the amount of signal light attenuation detected by the attenuation amount detection section is kept constant. A connection detection section detects a connection or disconnection of the external attenuating medium in accordance with the amount of signal light attenuation obtained when the amount of attenuation caused by the variable optical attenuator is minimized.

There is described a method for compensation of gain variations in a multistage optical amplifier, for the amplification of an optical wavelength multiplex signal, comprising several amplifier stages in series, each with at least one pumping device. Gain variation occurring after a switching process can easily be compensated for, when the power jump expected at the second amplifier stage is determined and, depending thereon, a new pump power is calculated for the corresponding pump device, the new pump power is set for the pump device before the power jump arrives at the input of the second stage.

There is provided an optical amplifier including a Raman amplification medium, a rare earth doped fiber located at a latter stage of the Raman amplification medium, a first pump light outputting unit for outputting pump light with a plurality of wavelengths, a variable distribution element for distributing the pump light with the plurality of wavelengths, outputted from the first pump light outputting unit, to the Raman amplification medium and the rare earth doped fiber in a variable distribution ratio for each wavelength, and a control unit for individually controlling the distribution ratio of the pump light with the plurality of wavelengths in the variable distribution element and the power of the pump light with the plurality of wavelengths from the first pump light outputting unit in accordance with a wavelength arrangement of each of signal lights wavelength-multiplexed into the wavelength-multiplexed signal light.

A PMD compensator or generator includes one module for adjusting first order PMD without altering second order PMD (FOnSO module), and another module for adjusting second order PMD without altering first order PMD (SOnFO module). The modules enable separate compensation of first and second order PMD. First order PMD can be measured and compensated in a feedforward manner, while second order PMD can be compensated in a feedback manner. Both first and second order PMD can be compensated in a feedforward manner. The modules also enable separate generation of first and second order PMD, and can be used in a completely deterministic manner to achieve the desired PMD.

An apparatus and method are described for combining optical amplification and dispersion compensation in a Raman amplifier. A Dispersion-Managing Raman Amplifier (DMRA) combines Raman amplification with dispersion compensation by selecting the length and dispersion of the gain fiber to balance the dispersion of the link. This gain fiber is also single-mode at the signal and pump wavelengths. The pumping level is adjusted to balance the losses from the gain fiber and transmission link, while the pumping configuration is selected to remain within the 3 dB loss length for the pumping light. When the amplifier is split into two segments, the two segments may be joined by an isolator, a gain equalization element, and/or an optical add/drop multiplexer. For WDM transmission systems based on dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF), operation in the “violet band” between 1430–1530 nm is based on Raman amplification. By using a DMRA, a dispersion and nonlinearity managed system can be implemented. In particular, 4WM does not phase match in such a system, and modulation instability is absent in the transmission link. Furthermore, gain equalization can be added to the DMRA by cascading one or two Mach-Zehnder frequency filters. The invention also includes a method for symmetrically adding channels below and above the C-band, the gain tilt within the C-band can be minimized. Therefore, a roughly equal number of channels should be placed in the short-wavelength S-band and the long-wavelength L-band to minimize the Raman energy exchange in the C-band. Also, whereas C- and L-bands can be amplified using erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, the S-band can use either discrete or distributed Raman amplifiers. To minimize the interaction between pumps for different bands, alternate band pumps can be spatially dispersed and/or cross-polarized. The distributed Raman amplification can be achieved by pumping the transmission line with discrete laser diodes or by a Raman oscillator.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a device and a system for photolyzing, polarizing and multiplexing an optical carrier, which relate to the technical field of optical communication, and can improve the frequency spectrum utilization ratio of the system, improve the tolerance limits of chromatic dispersion CD and polarization mode dispersion PMD, and simultaneously reduce the device requirement and the complexity of a receiving end. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps of: separating the optical carrier into more than two paths of photon carriers at the receiving end; respectively photolyzing, polarizing and multiplexing each path of photon carrier into two paths of optical signals to be demodulated; and using the optical signals to be demodulated as feedback input signals, and respectively correspondingly regulating the incident angle of each path of photon carrier. Through the device photolyzing more than two paths of photon carriers and combining photolysis, polarization and multiplexing, the embodiment of the invention enables an optical carrier signal to be decomposed into more than four paths in an optical modulation format to be processed, and a DQPSK demodulator can be directly used on an optical wave for carrying out time delay interference detection to obtain an output signal.

A method for realizing, in a fiber amplifier with three stages of amplifiers, automatic gain control in which a constant gain is obtained when channels are varied, and automatic level control in which a constant output per channel is obtained when a light power is varied because of variations in span loss. A light power or another light power of a specific wavelength is monitored to determine when variations in these light powers take place, current values of pump laser diodes appropriate for an input is read from a lookup table, and pump laser diodes are driven. During this operation, a pump power of the first stage amplifier is constantly maintained, and those of the second or third stage amplifier are controlled.

Provided is an optical fiber that is in particular suitable for Raman amplification. An effective area at a wavelength of 1570 nm is in a range of 35 mum2 to 45 mum2, an absolute value of a dispersion slope at the wavelength is equal to or less than 0.04 ps/nm2/km, and a dispersion value at the wavelength is in a range of 5 ps/nm/km to 10 ps/nm/km. It is desirable that a refractive index profile contains at least one annular region between a center core and a cladding region.

A method, apparatus and system for reducing gain ripple in a Raman-amplified WDM system includes determining a gain profile of an optical signal transported via a first Raman amplification span in a Raman-amplified WDM system, comparing the determined gain profile to a gain profile of an optical signal transported via a second Raman amplification span, determining, from the comparison, an amount of wavelength adjustment required for a plurality of Raman pumps comprising at least one Raman pump block of the second Raman amplification span to alter the gain profile of an optical signal transported via the second Raman amplification span, such that a cumulative gain profile of an optical signal transported via the first and the second Raman amplification spans approaches a desired gain profile, and generating a control signal suitable for adjusting the wavelengths of the plurality of Raman pumps of the at least one Raman pump block an amount consistent with the determined amount.

A pumping module having a cascaded Raman laser for Raman amplified optical transmission systems. Non-linear parametric phenomena, such as Raman-assisted three-wave mixing, in Raman amplified signals from a cascaded Raman pump are strongly reduced by substantially suppressing from the output spectrum of the Raman pump the emission peaks at wavelengths shorter than that of the desired pumping wave on a specific wavelength λ_n, and within a given spacing from λ_n. The pumping non-zero dispersion fibres have zero dispersion between the wavelength range of the transmission signal and the wavelength range of the pump signal.

A system and method for controlling the output power of an optical amplifier in a node in a network, wherein the output power of the amplifier is controlled via a pump laser in a control circuit. The node reads a supervisory channel comprising information on how to control the amplifier. The node then uses the information for the control of the amplifier.

Optical systems, device, and methods including signal varying devices, such as optical amplifiers, attenuators, and filters that have controllable gain, loss and transparent intensity profiles, and which can include and be responsive to one or more local and remote controllers.

A waveform shaping apparatus includes a quantum dot optical amplifier in which an amplification factor of input signal beams saturates if the optical power of the signal beams is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; and a quantum dot saturable absorber in which an absorption factor of the input signal beams saturates if the optical power of the signal beams is under a predetermined value. The quantum dot optical amplifier and the quantum dot saturable absorber are connected in series with a transmission path of the signal beams, and shape the waveform of the signal beams. Voltages applied to the quantum dot optical amplifier and the quantum dot saturable absorber, respectively, are adjusted based on the optical power of the signal beams.