176results about How to "Constant output" patented technology

An apparatus, method and system are provided for power conversion to supply power to a load such as a plurality of light emitting diodes. An exemplary apparatus comprises: a first power converter stage having a first power switch and a first inductive element; a second power converter stage having a second power switch and a second inductive element; a plurality of sensors; and a controller. The second power converter stage provides an output current to the load. The controller is adapted to use a sensed input voltage to determine a switching period, and is further adapted to turn the first and second power switches into an on-state at a frequency substantially corresponding to the switching period while maintaining a switching duty cycle within a predetermined range.

An illumination system comprises at least two light sources (101,102,103) having different emission spectra to one another; a detection circuit (131,132,133) for sensing a light intensity using at least one of the light sources as a photosensor; and driving means (161,162,163) for driving the light source in dependence on the sensed spectral distribution of light. The emission spectrum of a light source with the smallest bandgap overlaps the emission spectrum of a light source with the second-smallest bandgap. The illumination system is possible to measure the intensity of light emitted by the light source with the smallest bandgap by putting the light source with the second-smallest bandgap in detection mode. The illumination system may also sense the spectral distribution of ambient light, to allow the output from the illumination system to be adjusted in dependence on the ambient light.

Disclosed is an integrated LED bulb that utilizes LEDs and can be used as a standard replacement bulb for incandescent lights that operate on standard household current. One or more LEDs are disposed in a lens 102 that is capable of high optical transmission efficiencies. A base portion encapsulates a printed circuit board and connectors, as well as the LED pin leads to hold the package in a secure mounting. The lens can be molded directly to the base or can be removable. The base can be formed to fit standard threaded sockets or bayonet sockets.

Representative embodiments of the invention provide a system, apparatus, and method of controlling an intensity and spectrum of light emitted from a solid state lighting system. The solid state lighting has a first emitted spectrum at a full intensity level and at a selected temperature, with a first electrical biasing for the solid state lighting producing a first wavelength shift, and a second electrical biasing for the solid state lighting producing a second, opposing wavelength shift. Representative embodiments provide for receiving information designating a selected intensity level or a selected temperature, and providing a combined first electrical biasing and second electrical biasing to the solid state lighting to generate emitted light having the selected intensity level and having a second emitted spectrum within a predetermined variance of the first emitted spectrum over a predetermined range of temperatures.

A compact optical system is provided for delivering laser radiation with high optical efficiency and uniformity. The optical system includes, in order of the propagation of light, a refractive beam expander to adjust beam size and energy density, a beam flattening module to increase throughput and beam uniformity, an anamorphic corrector to equalize ray distribution in both axes, an attenuator assembly to adjust beam intensity, galvanometer mirrors to scan the beam across a substrate surface, and a focusing lens containing a plurality of refractive elements to deliver the beam at the substrate plane. The laser optical system shapes the laser source beam to increase its effective width for greater productivity in manufacturing, and reduces peak intensity to minimize substrate damage. The laser optical system design is optimized for maximum transmission and optical efficiency for low cost operation with a small laser.

Disclosed is an integrated LED bulb that utilizes LEDs and can be used as a standard replacement bulb for incandescent lights that operate on standard household current. One or more LEDs are disposed in a lens 102 that is capable of high optical transmission efficiencies. A base portion encapsulates a printed circuit board and connectors, as well as the LED pin leads to hold the package in a secure mounting. The lens can be molded directly to the base or can be removable. The base can be formed to fit standard threaded sockets or bayonet sockets.

Disclosed is a power supply apparatus using a half-bridge type driving circuit, which is intended for the purpose of the compensation of a power factor, the achievement of a low crest factor and the maintenance of a constant output. The power supply apparatus using a half-bridge circuit for rectifying an AC power source and providing the rectified power source to a load includes a line voltage detecting means for detecting a voltage of an input power source provided to the load, an error amplifying means for comparing the voltage detected from the line voltage detecting means with a reference voltage and outputting a voltage corresponding to a difference therebetween, a pulse width modulating means for outputting a pulse having a variable width corresponding to an output level of the error amplifying means, a dead time controlling means for outputting a first pulse corresponding to a high side and a second pulse corresponding to a low side by the pulse output from the pulse width modulating means, wherein the first and second pulses have different pulse widths and different rising and falling time points, and a driving means for driving the power source supplied to the load as a constant current state by the first and second pulses.

A system and method for controlling an optical light source is provided. A current source drives the light source, while the voltage across and the current through the light source is measured. The voltage and current are converted to digital signals and sent to a neural network, which generates a modeled optical output power of the light source and a modeled value of the optical wavelength. A control circuit receives the modeled optical output power and wavelength and sends a control signal to the current source to minimize the difference between the desired power output and the modeled output power. In addition, a control signal is sent to a Peltier driver to control the temperature of a Peltier cooler in order to increase or decrease the wavelength emitted by a laser diode.

A constant voltage dimmable LED (Light Emitting Diode) driver is disclosed that is compatible with all types of dimmers, including conventional phase cut (TRIAC) dimmers, and behaves like a conventional constant voltage driver which can be connected to any size of LED load that has a matching voltage rating. The driver produces a continuous train of pulses for driving the LED load and obtains an averaged measure of the voltage at the AC input for controlling the duty cycle of the continuous train of pulses. Therefore, when the averaged measure of the voltage at the AC input is reduced by a dimmer, the duty cycle reduces, resulting in a dimmed LED. The driver can be created by adding a few components to a conventional wide input range AC-DC converter without or with very little modifications.

The invention provides a method for determining remaining time of cleaning a filter screen in air feeding equipment. The air feeding equipment comprises the filter screen and an air feeding fan; and the filter screen is arranged on an air flue of the air feeding fan. The method comprises the following steps of regulating the rotation speed of the air feeding fan according to a current change condition of the air feeding fan, and enabling air quantity output of the air feeding equipment to be constant; and determining remaining time of cleaning the filter screen according to the rotation speed increase rate of the air feeding fan. The method provided by the invention can be used for detecting filth blockage degree of the filter screen in real time, so that remaining time is determined; and moreover, the rotation speed of the fan can be increased according to the filth blockage degree of the filter screen to ensure constant air quantity output by the system, and therefore, a comfortable environment is provided for a user. The invention further provides a control method for the air feeding equipment and the air feeding equipment.

Circuits and methods for automatically controlling lightwave emitters are provided. A control system is provided that includes a variable gain circuit for automatically adjusting the gain of a control signal with respect to a feedback signal, a modulation signal, and a reference signal. This allows the optical output of the lightwave emitter to remain substantially constant despite changes in transfer ratio due to aging or temperature variations. Furthermore, in some embodiments, a user may select the overall gain of the system to optimize response time, bandwidth, or steady-state accuracy.

A method and system are disclosed for adjusting the torque of a motor for a HVAC actuator based upon one or more operating conditions of the HVAC actuator. One illustrative HVAC actuator includes an actuated part, a motor for providing a torque to move the actuated part, a detector for detecting an operating condition in or around the HVAC actuator, and a controller for adjusting the torque in accordance with the detected operating condition.

Two weights and or springs mounted on two pivoted beams. A short end of each beam is interconnected with a gearbox by a crank and trace. The gearbox is interconnected with two other ends of the beams by linkages. An electric starter with battery imparts kinetic energy to lift one weight and let the other weight descend. The gearbox regulates the oscillation of two beams. The operator turns the electric starter off after the system is started. An output shaft imparts rotary motion of the gearbox to drive a vehicle, an airplane, or an AC generator.

A gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifier according to the present invention has a pair of DBR areas 2, 3 disposed in sandwiching relation to gain area 1 for amplifying guided light. A portion of a waveguide of gain area 1 comprises MMI waveguide 11.

The present invention relates to a street light comprising means for determining a traffic related activity and control means for operating the street light according to the determined traffic related activity. A corresponding method for operating a street light is also disclosed.

A magneto-resistance effect element comprises; a magneto-resistance effect stack including an upper magnetic layer and a lower magnetic layer in which respective magnetization directions change in accordance with an external magnetic field, a non-magnetic intermediate layer sandwiched between the upper and lower magnetic layers, an upper gap adjustment layer and a lower gap adjustment layer provided at respective ends in the direction of stacking the magneto-resistance effect stack, an upper exchange coupling transmission layer configured to generate exchange coupling between the upper magnetic layer and the upper gap adjustment layer, and a lower exchange coupling transmission layer configured to generate exchange coupling between the lower magnetic layer and the lower gap adjustment layer; an upper shield electrode layer and a lower shield electrode layer which are provided to sandwich the magneto-resistance effect stack therebetween in the direction of stacking the magneto-resistance effect stack, wherein the upper shield electrode layer and the lower shield electrode layer supply sense current in the direction of stacking, and magnetically shield the magneto-resistance effect stack; and a bias magnetic layer which is provided on a surface of the magneto-resistance effect stack opposite to an air bearing surface, and wherein the bias magnetic layer applies a bias magnetic field to the upper and lower magnetic layers in a direction perpendicular to the air bearing surface, wherein the upper and lower shield electrode layers are each magnetized in a track width direction by a magnetization controller, and the upper and lower gap adjustment layers are composed of a material having a higher magnetic permeability and a lower saturation magnetic flux density than the upper and lower shield electrode layers respectively.

The invention discloses an indoor network bicycle system for realizing multi-user networking competition and a control method thereof. The indoor network bicycle system for realizing multiplayer networking competition comprises a network server and an indoor bicycle, wherein the indoor bicycle is provided with a generator and a sensor; a control device connected with the network server through a media device is mounted on the indoor bicycle; the control device comprises a rotating speed sampling module, a rectifying module, a sampling module, a load adjusting module and a central processing unit for receiving information from above modules and the sensor; the media device comprise a network device, an executing device, a display screen and an input device; the executing device is connected to the network device, the display screen, the input device and the control device respectively. The indoor network bicycle system for realizing multiplayer networking competition is capable of transmitting real-time information of the current indoor bicycle to the network server, and the network server virtualizes a real-time motion state of each user in a provided exercising scene, so that synchronous competition of multiple users in the same scene can be realized, and sense of participation of the users is improved.

A compact optical system is provided for delivering laser radiation with high optical efficiency and uniformity. The optical system includes, in order of the propagation of light, an expander for producing a collimated beam, a beam shaper including a flat window with a diffraction pattern on one side for transforming the collimated beam into a square top-hat output beam, a corrector for bending the square top-hat output beam back to a system axis, a scan head to scan the square top-hat output beam across the substrate, and a scan lens to image the beam at the substrate plane.

A combination controller incorporates features of a classic controller and a state space controller to function as a hybrid controller unit. The PID portion of the classic controller regulates the steady state error and is separated from the pulse width modulated constant frequency signal generator that also comprises part of the classic controller. The PID portion is coupled with a state space controller such that the output of the PID controller, i.e., the steady state error correction, is input to the state space controller. The state space controller further receives as input variables a reference sinusoidal signal, the load current, the current across a pre-load filter capacitor, and the output voltage. From these inputs, the state space controller employs principles of differential calculus to generate a transient error correction that is fed to a PWM signal generator for generating a sinusoidal output voltage signal with both steady state and transient error correction. The sinusoidal output voltage signal is directed to a power amplifier and filtered for delivery to a connected load. The combination controller is thusly incorporated into an electrical feedback system such as a frequency converter, a power conditioner, and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

The invention mainly aims at providing a device capable of realizing the continuous constant flow pumping of concrete and a control method of the device, wherein one sides opposite to one ends of a left distribution valve and a right distribution valve near a left pumping cylinder and a right pumping cylinder are respectively provided with baffle plates for preventing concrete backflow, a controller is respectively connected with a left pumping system and a right pumping system and is also connected with a system start and stop electromagnetic directional valve, a display is connected with the controller, and the pumping-out stroke time T1 of the pumping system is equal to the sum of the speed reduction time tp of the pumping-out stroke completion of the other pumping system, the material suction stroke time T2, the twice moving time 2t3 of the distribution valves, the three-times waiting time tw1+tw2+tw3 and the acceleration time tp of the pumping-out stroke starting. The device and the method have the advantages that the continuous uninterrupted and constant flow pumping can be realized, a Y-shaped pump outlet in a high pressure state and a hopper in a low pressure state always maintain separated and disconnected through the baffle plates, and the concrete backflow phenomenon cannot occur.

A system and device for providing AC signal. The system includes: an AC generator that outputs an AC output signal and includes an AC rotor that communicates with a shaft that is rotated at a rotation speed; a speed sensor for sensing the rotation speed; and a controller for controlling a magnetic field of the AC generator in response to the rotation speed; wherein the controller comprises a Field Exciter for providing a current to the AC generator so as to control the magnetic field of the AC generator.

An optical receiver is disclosed that exhibits an improved phase margin and substantially constant output in response to changes in operating conditions (e.g., temperature, process, etc.). In accordance with the illustrative embodiment, a common-mode feedback comparison is performed prior to conversion of the signal from single-ended to differential voltage. When the common-mode feedback comparison is performed in this way, there are fewer amplifiers in the signal path and the phase margin of the common-mode feedback loop is increased. In addition, as the common-mode feedback is performed at the first stage of the transimpedance amplifier, the gain response of the transimpedance amplifier remains substantially constant in response to changes in temperature, input current range, and for different integrated circuit fabrication processes.

In the present invention, according to a time from when a switching element 2 is turned on to when the switching element 2 reaches a set overcurrent detection level, an on time correction circuit 15 changes a time from when the switching element 2 reaches the overcurrent detection level to when the switching element 2 is turned off. Thus it is possible to keep constant the peak value of drain current passing through the switching element 2, regardless of an input voltage Vin.

In a vehicle of the invention, a sun gear, a carrier, and a ring gear of a planetary gear mechanism are respectively connected to a first motor, to an engine, and to a drive shaft and a second motor. When the combination of measured accelerator opening and measured vehicle speed is in an ordinary acceleration area, the vehicle of the invention sets a torque demand to decrease with an increase in measured vehicle speed at a specific reduction rate that ensures the substantially constant output power to the drive shaft corresponding to the accelerator opening. When the combination of the measured accelerator opening and the measured vehicle speed is in an acceleration feel improvement area, on the other hand, the vehicle of the invention sets the torque demand to an extent of or below a maximum allowable value of the torque demand to decrease with an increase in measured vehicle speed at a lower reduction rate than the specific reduction rate. The lower reduction rate decreases against the accelerator opening closer to a center opening. The torque demand in the acceleration feel improvement area is also set to increase with an increase in measured vehicle speed with regard to the accelerator opening practically equal to the center opening. The vehicle controls the engine and the first and the second motors to ensure output of a torque equivalent to the torque demand to the drive shaft.

What disclosed are a control circuit and a control method of a switching power supply, according to feedback signals on a pin FB and a pin CS, a constant current control module generates and outputs a control signal to control an output current of the switching power supply, thereby regulating duty cycle of a first transistor adaptively and controlling an output current Io of a power supply system to be constant; according to the feedback signals on the pin FB and on the pin CS, a constant current precision compensation module adaptively regulates circuit parameters of the constant current control module and a sample-and-hold module, preventing precision of constant current output from being influenced by change of a working mode and / or by variation of input conditions; when an output voltage changes, QR mode keeps unchanged or depth of a CCM keeps approximately constant.

The present invention provides a battery packing module that includes: a heat dissipation member having a plurality of insertion cylinders arranged in a lattice type and a through-hole formed between the insertion cylinders in a direction that is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the insertion cylinders, wherein the outer circumferential surfaces of adjacent insertion cylinders are connected to each other; a plurality of cylindrical battery cells inserted into the insertion cylinders and configured to make contact with the inner circumferential surfaces of the insertion cylinders; and packing plates coupled to the upper ends and lower ends of the battery cells, wherein the packing plates have a current flow hole formed therein through which electrodes of the battery cells are exposed and battery mounting recesses formed therein in which the battery cells are mounted.

The invention relates to a high-voltage transient electromagnetic pulse detector which comprises a probe (1), a receiving unit (3) and a connecting part, wherein the connecting part is used for connecting the probe (1) and the receiving unit (3) and is an optical fiber (6), and the probe (1) comprises an antenna (2), a cylindrical sealed shielding shell (5) and a signal processing unit (4) which is arranged in the shielding shell (5). The invention solves the technical problems that a traditional electric field tester is easily burnt by a strong electric field when working under a strong electric field, and the tested waveform distortion is more serious due to the interference of the strong electric field. The high-voltage transient electromagnetic pulse detector has the advantages that the anti-interference property is strong, circuit distortion can be prevented, and a signal processing circuit can also be prevented from being burnt by the strong electric field and the like.

An object is to maintain a constant gas turbine output without requiring a complicated procedure on site and without being affected by variations in the output of a steam turbine during a reverse-washing / normal-washing switching period of a condenser. A gas turbine control system for a single-shaft combined cycle plant generates a gas turbine output command using a parameter reflecting a gas turbine output during a reverse-washing / normal-washing switching period of a condenser and generates the gas turbine output command on the basis of a generator output command and a steam turbine output during a period other than the reverse-washing / normal-washing switching period of the condenser.